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Morris K, Lane F, Nelson AL, Stohl HE. How Do Women Vote: What Women Post About Home Birth Versus Hospital Birth on Popular Social Media Platforms. Cureus 2024; 16:e57621. [PMID: 38707150 PMCID: PMC11070205 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rates of home birth have been increasing; reliance on social media as a source of medical advice and support for patients has also been increasing. This is the first study that directly evaluates birthing people's perceptions, attitudes, and advice about planned home births expressed in public posts and comments on two popular social media platforms - Reddit and TikTok. METHODS Posts on each platform were searched from January 2017 through July 2022 using the terms "home birth" and "home vs. hospital birth". Included posts were from the United States written in English, with at least 10 comments and 10 upvotes or likes. Up to five themes were collected per post or comment and were categorized as supportive, opposing, or neutral. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) determined that the project did not include human subjects. RESULTS Collectively, 777 posts and 47,452 comments were evaluated for inclusion; 257 posts and 2,408 comments met the inclusion criteria for analysis. In posts, 69% supported, 20% opposed, and 11% were neutral toward home birth (n = 257). Similarly, in comments, 53% supported, 28% opposed, and 19% were neutral (n = 2,408). Supportive themes included concerns about the safety of hospital delivery and reassurance about home birth safety, enhanced patient control with home deliveries, positive personal stories reinforcing home birth, concerns about excessive interventions in hospital birth, and advice about preparing for home birth. Opposing themes included concerns about risks of home birth, negligence of those attempting it, reassurance that hospital birth does offer women control, greater financial costs of home birth and that medical interventions can be lifesaving. CONCLUSION These results can help physicians recognize some of the women's concerns about hospital births and what information they may find on social media guiding them as they formulate their birth plans. Overall, this information helps with the goal of balancing patient safety with the need to respect patient autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Morris
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, USA
| | - Fiona Lane
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific - Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, USA
| | - Anita L Nelson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, USA
| | - Hindi E Stohl
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Torrance, USA
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2
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Housten AJ, Kozower BD, Engelhardt KE, Robinson C, Puri V, Samson P, Cooksey K, Politi MC. Developing an Educational and Decision Support Tool for Stage I Lung Cancer Using Decision Science. Ann Thorac Surg 2023; 115:299-308. [PMID: 35926640 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend shared decision-making about treatment options for high-risk, operable stage I lung cancer. Patient decision aids can facilitate shared decision-making; however, their development, implementation, and evaluation in routine clinical practice presents numerous challenges and opportunities. METHODS The purpose of this review is to reflect on the process of tool development; identify the challenges associated with meeting the needs of patients, clinicians from multiple disciplines, and institutional workflow during implementation; and propose recommendations for future clinicians who wish to develop, refine, or implement similar tools into routine care. RESULTS In this review, we: (1) discuss guidelines for decision aid development; (2) describe how we applied those to create an education and decision support tool for patients with clinical stage I lung cancer deciding between radiation therapy and surgical resection; and (3) highlight challenges in implementing and evaluating the tool. CONCLUSIONS We provide recommendations for those seeking to develop, refine, or implement similar tools into routine care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Housten
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Benjamin D Kozower
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Kathryn E Engelhardt
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Clifford Robinson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Varun Puri
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Pamela Samson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Krista Cooksey
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Mary C Politi
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri.
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Dalyot K, Rozenblum Y, Baram-Tsabari A. Engagement patterns with female and male scientists on Facebook. PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:867-884. [PMID: 35621043 PMCID: PMC9535961 DOI: 10.1177/09636625221092696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Social networks are becoming powerful agents mediating between science and the public. Considering the public tendency to associate science with men makes investigating representations of female scientists in social media important. Here we set out to find whether the commenting patterns to text-based science communication are similar. To examine these, we collected and analyzed posts (165) and their comments (10,006) published between 2016 and 2018 on an Israeli popular science Facebook page. We examined post characteristics as well as the relevance and sentiment of comments. Several gendered differences in commenting patterns emerged. Posts published by female scientists received more irrelevant and fewer relevant comments. Female scientists received more hostile and positive comments. These findings are consistent with results of previous research, but also demonstrate a more nuanced understanding that when female scientists write using scientific jargon (usually an unwanted feature of popular science writing), they received less hostile comments and were given less advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Dalyot
- Keren Dalyot, Faculty of Education in Science and Technology, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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George EK, Shorten A, Lyons KS, Edmonds JK. Factors influencing birth setting decision making in the United States: An integrative review. Birth 2022; 49:403-419. [PMID: 35441421 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States has the highest perinatal morbidity and mortality (M&M) rates among all high-resource countries in the world. Birth settings (birth center, home, or hospital) influence clinical outcomes, experience of care, and health care costs. Increasing use of low-intervention birth settings can reduce perinatal M&M. This integrative review evaluated factors influencing birth setting decision making among women and birthing people in the United States. METHODS A search strategy was implemented within the CINAHL, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guided the review, and the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice model was used to evaluate methodological quality and appraisal of the evidence. The Whittemore and Knafl integrative review framework informed the extraction and analysis of the data and generation of findings. RESULTS We identified 23 articles that met inclusion criteria. Four analytical themes were generated that described factors that influence birth setting decision making in the United States: "Birth Setting Safety vs. Risk," "Influence of Media, Family, and Friends on Birth Setting Awareness," "Presence or Absence of Choice and Control," and "Access to Options." DISCUSSION Supporting women and birthing people to make informed decisions by providing information about birth setting options and variations in models of care by birth setting is a critical patient-centered strategy to ensure equitable access to low-intervention birth settings. Policies that expand affordable health insurance to cover midwifery care in all birth settings are needed to enable people to make informed choices about birth location that align with their values, individual pregnancy characteristics, and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K George
- William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allison Shorten
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Karen S Lyons
- William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joyce K Edmonds
- William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
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Barger MK. Systematic Reviews to Inform Practice, July/August 2022. J Midwifery Womens Health 2022; 67:515-520. [PMID: 35851548 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Barger
- Midwifery researcher and consultant, San Diego, California
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6
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George EK, Mitchell S, Stacey D. Choosing a Birth Setting: A Shared Decision-Making Approach. J Midwifery Womens Health 2022; 67:510-514. [PMID: 35616249 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal outcomes vary widely depending on individual birth settings (birth center, home, and hospital). The purpose of this case study is to explore a patient-centered, shared decision-making approach to achieve an informed, values-based choice about birth settings. Engaging in a shared decision-making approach regarding birth setting options would support people to have the information and ability to judge for themselves how benefits and risks across birth center, home, and hospital settings would best fit with their values and personal health. A patient decision aid about birth setting options could facilitate increased equity regarding access to birth settings that offer improved perinatal health outcomes, helping to reduce perinatal health disparities in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K George
- Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
| | | | - Dawn Stacey
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Frey E, Bonfiglioli C, Brunner M, Frawley J. Parents' Use of Social Media as a Health Information Source for Their Children: A Scoping Review. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:526-539. [PMID: 34906742 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents are increasingly using social media to inform health decisions for their children. OBJECTIVE This scoping review examines 1) How do parents use social media to find health information for their children? 2) What motivates parents to engage with social media to seek health information for their children? 3) How do parents seek to understand and evaluate the health information they find on social media, and how does social media impact parental health information-seeking? METHODS Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched, with open date parameters. Peer-reviewed studies that examined parents' and responsible caregivers' use of social media as a source of health information for their children (aged <18 years) were included. RESULTS The 42 included studies spanned 2011 to 2020. More than half (n = 24, 57%) were published in 2019 and 2020. Parents use social media for information about specific health concerns both before and after a medical diagnosis for their child. Parents are motivated to engage with social media as they seek out extensive information based on lived experience from other parents, as well as social support and community. CONCLUSION This scoping review reveals parents' motivation to use social media for health information, and how that can interact with, and impose on, clinical practice. It is important for those who provide pediatric health care to both understand and accommodate this permanent shift facilitated by social media, when working with parents who are seeking health information when making health decisions for their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Frey
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health (E Frey and J Frawley), University of Technology Sydney, Australia.
| | - Catriona Bonfiglioli
- School of Communication, Faculty of Arts and Social Science (C Bonfiglioli), University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Melissa Brunner
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health (M Brunner), The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Jane Frawley
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health (E Frey and J Frawley), University of Technology Sydney, Australia
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Davidson BM, Kobayashi T. The effect of message modality on memory for political disinformation: Lessons from the 2021 U.S capitol riots. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Shaffer VA, Brodney S, Gavaruzzi T, Zisman-Ilani Y, Munro S, Smith S, Thomas E, Valentine KD, Bekker HL. Do Personal Stories Make Patient Decision Aids More Effective? An Update from the International Patient Decision Aids Standards. Med Decis Making 2021; 41:897-906. [PMID: 34027739 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x211011100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article evaluates the evidence for the inclusion of patient narratives in patient decision aids (PtDAs). We define patient narratives as stories, testimonials, or anecdotes that provide illustrative examples of the experiences of others that are relevant to the decision at hand. METHOD To evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of narratives in PtDAs, we conducted a narrative scoping review of the literature from January 2013 through June 2019 to identify relevant literature published since the last International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) update in 2013. We considered research articles that examined the impact of narratives on relevant outcomes or described relevant theoretical mechanisms. RESULTS The majority of the empirical work on narratives did not measure concepts that are typically found in the PtDA literature (e.g., decisional conflict). Yet, a few themes emerged from our review that can be applied to the PtDA context, including the impact of narratives on relevant outcomes (knowledge, behavior change, and psychological constructs), as well as several theoretical mechanisms about how and why narratives work that can be applied to the PtDA context. CONCLUSION Based on this evidence update, we suggest that there may be situations when narratives could enhance the effectiveness of PtDAs. The recent theoretical work on narratives has underscored the fact that narratives are a multifaceted construct and should no longer be considered a binary option (include narratives or not). However, the bottom line is that the evidence does not support a recommendation for narratives to be a necessary component of PtDAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A Shaffer
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Suzanne Brodney
- Division of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Padova, Veneto, Italy
| | - Teresa Gavaruzzi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, Universita degli Studi di Padova Scuola di Psicologia, Padova, Veneto, Italy
| | - Yaara Zisman-Ilani
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Munro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sian Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Hilary L Bekker
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Masella MA, Godard B. [Ethical issues of Internet use by pregnant women during their medical care]. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2020; 32:171-182. [PMID: 32989946 DOI: 10.3917/spub.202.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnant women are heavy users of Internet and this has an impact on their medical follow-up. The purpose of this study is to highlight the ethical issues related to the use of the Internet by women in their medical care.Methode: Through a systematic literature review conducted on PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL and Embase between June and July 2019, 10 670 results were obtained, and 79 articles were included in the post-selection study. A thematic analysis was conducted on these articles. RESULTS More than 90% of pregnant women use Internet, particularly to find medical information and social support, mainly on pregnancy and childbirth. This research allows them more equitable access to knowledge and develops their empowerment, which modifies the relationship between caregiver and patient, through the acquisition of greater autonomy for women and the development of experiential knowledge. This access offers a central and active role to pregnant women in their medical care. However, many authors also agree on the possible abuses of this use: misinformation, disproportionate information and the presence of judgment that undermine empowerment, but also digital divide and inequity in understanding information, stigmatization of women, and risks of privacy breaches on data acquired online. CONCLUSION In order to provide pregnant women with the central and active place they seek, the authors recommend involving caregivers in the referral to reliable sites, encouraging them to develop online content, and educating pregnant women in the search for health information on Internet.
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Sanders J. Sharing special birth stories. An explorative study of online childbirth narratives. Women Birth 2018; 32:e560-e566. [PMID: 30591304 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasingly, pregnant women, as active online media users, incorporate media driven values on childbirth that may not agree with professional midwifery values. In Dutch midwifery practice, online searching for other women's stories is often discouraged. However, online birth stories attract women as a means to learn from one another's experiences of childbirth. AIM This study aims to explore Dutch women's use of an online social media platform (Instagram) to represent childbirth by analyzing their narrative strategies. METHOD A collection of 110 Instagram-linked childbirth narratives (2015-2017) were analyzed applying an approach of interpretative repertoires. FINDINGS The Dutch women in this study linked birth stories on their Instagram accounts that represented impactful experiences of childbirth. In their narratives, three interconnected repertoires are played out: sharing your story, going into details, and doing it yourself. This study highlights that narrative details of the online birth stories illustrate the physical and procedural obstacles that women overcame in giving birth. DISCUSSION Reporting their emotional experiences in detail, women's online sharing of birth stories puts a focus on their personal preferences and decision making, and may ease the way for medical interventions. Without giving explicit advice, personal online birth stories could be instrumental in reformulating the standards of what childbirth is, or should be, like. CONCLUSION Social media networks allow women to exchange stories that structure narrating women's childbirth experiences and offer a structure for the lived or future experiences of others. This may have an impact on women's decision-making during pregnancy and childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Sanders
- Centre for Language Studies, Department Communication and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Jarlenski M, Koma JW, Zank J, Bodnar LM, Tarr JA, Chang JC. Media portrayal of prenatal and postpartum marijuana use in an era of scientific uncertainty. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 187:116-122. [PMID: 29655873 PMCID: PMC5959784 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objectives were to characterize how scientific information about prenatal and postpartum marijuana use was presented in online media content, and to assess how media portrayed risks and benefits of such marijuana use. METHODS We analyzed online media items (n = 316) from March 2015 to January 2017. A codebook was developed to measure media content in 4 domains: scientific studies, information about health and well-being, mode of ingestion, and portrayal of risks and benefits. Content analysis was performed by two authors, with high inter-rater reliability (mean ĸ = 0.82). Descriptive statistics were used to characterize content, and regression analyses were used to test for predictors of media portrayal of the risk-benefit ratio of prenatal and postpartum marijuana use. RESULTS 51% of the media items mentioned health risks of prenatal and postpartum marijuana use. Nearly one-third (28%) mentioned marijuana use for treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Most media items mentioned a specific research study. More than half of media (59%) portrayed prenatal or postpartum marijuana risks > benefits, 10% portrayed benefits> risks, and the remainder were neutral. While mention of a scientific study was not predictive of the portrayal of the risk-benefit ratio of marijuana use in pregnancy or postpartum, discussion of health risks and health benefits predicted portrayals of the risk-benefit ratio. CONCLUSIONS Online media content about prenatal and postpartum marijuana use presented health risks consistent with evidence, and discussed a health benefit of marijuana use for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Portrayal of risks and benefits was somewhat equivocal, consistent with current scientific debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Jarlenski
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, United States.
| | - Jonathan W Koma
- University Honors College, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Jennifer Zank
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Magee-Women's Hospital, United States
| | - Lisa M Bodnar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States
| | - Jill A Tarr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States
| | - Judy C Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States
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Maisonneuve AR, Witteman HO, Brehaut J, Dubé È, Wilson K. Educating children and adolescents about vaccines: a review of current literature. Expert Rev Vaccines 2018; 17:311-321. [PMID: 29569498 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1456921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Until recently, research on vaccine hesitancy has focused primarily on parent populations. Although adolescent knowledge and views are gaining momentum within the literature, particularly with regards to the human papillomavirus and influenza, children remain a virtually unstudied population with regards to vaccine hesitancy. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the lack of literature in this area and argues for more vaccine hesitancy research involving child and adolescent populations. It also outlines special issues to consider when framing health promotion messages for children and adolescents. Finally, we explore the use of new and existing technologies as delivery mechanisms for education on vaccines and immunizations in populations of children and adolescents. EXPERT COMMENTARY Children undergo cognitive development and experiences with vaccines (e.g. pain or education) have the potential to create future attitudes toward vaccines. This can influence future vaccine behaviour, including their participation in decision-making around adolescent vaccines, their decisions to vaccinate themselves when they are adults, and their decisions to vaccinate their own children. Interventions aimed at children, such as education, can create positive attitudes toward vaccines. These can also potentially influence parental attitudes toward vaccines as children convey this knowledge to them. Both of these impacts require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Holly O Witteman
- b Department of Family and Emergency Medicine , Université Laval , Québec , QC , Canada
| | - Jamie Brehaut
- c Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Ève Dubé
- d Institut national de santé publique du Québec , Québec , QC , Canada
| | - Kumanan Wilson
- c Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Ottawa , ON , Canada
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Ueda N, Yokouchi R, Onoda T, Ogihara A. Characteristics of Articles About Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Japanese Newspapers: Time-Series Analysis Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2017; 3:e97. [PMID: 29258972 PMCID: PMC5750417 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Media coverage and reports have a major influence on individual vaccination and other health-related activities. People use the media to seek information and knowledge on health-related behaviors. They obtain health-related information from media such as television and newspapers, and they trust such information. While several studies have examined the relation between media coverage and individual health, there is a lack of studies that have analyzed media reports of health information. In particular, we have found no analyses related to cervical cancer (human papillomavirus [HPV]) vaccine. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify mentions of cervical cancer vaccine in Japan's printed news media and to determine their characteristics. METHODS We used the archival databases of 2 Japanese newspapers, Yomiuri Shimbun (Yomidasu Rekishikan) and Asahi Shimbun (Kikuzo II Visual), for text mining. First, we created a database by extracting articles published between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2014, that matched the terms "cervical cancer" AND "vaccination" in a keyword search. Then, we tallied the extracted articles based on the month of publication and number of characters in order to conduct a time-series analysis. RESULTS We extracted a total of 219 articles. Of these, 154 (70.3%) were positive and 51 (23.3%) were negative toward HPV vaccination. Of the 51 negative articles, 4 (7.8%) were published before June 2013, when routine vaccination was temporarily discontinued due to concerns regarding side effects, and 47 (92.2%) were published since then. The negative reports commonly cited side effects, although prior to June 2013, these issues were hardly mentioned. Although foreign media reports mentioned side effects before routine vaccination was temporarily discontinued, fewer articles mentioned side effects than recommendations for vaccination. Furthermore, on June 13, 2013, the World Health Organization's advisory body Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety issued a statement regarding the safety of HPV vaccines, but hardly any articles reported this statement. Rather, several articles were published about the side effects after June 2013. CONCLUSIONS Since we consider media coverage to be a factor affecting human health behavior, the media should extensively report on the cost of not receiving cervical cancer vaccination, global trends concerning cervical cancer vaccination, and statements released by various agencies on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Ueda
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Ryoki Yokouchi
- Department of Health Sciences and Social Welfare, School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Taro Onoda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogihara
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawwa, Japan
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Greene J, Hibbard JH, Sacks RM. Testing a Personal Narrative for Persuading People to Value and Use Comparative Physician Quality of Care Information: An Experimental Study. Med Care Res Rev 2017; 76:497-511. [PMID: 28891386 DOI: 10.1177/1077558717730156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study tests whether a personal narrative can persuade people to value comparative data on physician quality. Method: We conducted an online experiment with 850 adults. One group viewed a cartoon narrative on physician quality variation, another saw text on physician quality variation, and there was a control group. Study participants hypothetically selected a physician from a display of four physicians. The top-quality physician was furthest away and most expensive. We conducted multivariate models examining the relationship between experimental group and choice of the top-quality physician. Results: There was no overall relationship between narrative or text information and choice of the highest quality physician. Among higher numerate participants, however, those who viewed the narrative had odds 2.7 times higher of selecting the top-quality physician compared with the control group. Discussion: Personal narratives can persuade higher numerate people to consider quality when selecting physicians.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES In January 2016, the 4 UK Chief Medical Officers released a public consultation regarding updated guidelines for low-risk alcohol consumption. This study aimed to assess responses to the updated guidelines using comments made on Twitter. METHODS Tweets containing the hashtag #alcoholguidelines made during 1 week following the announcement of the updated guidelines were retrieved using the Twitter Archiver tool. The source, sentiment and themes of the tweets were categorised using manual content analysis. RESULTS A total of 3061 tweets was retrieved. 6 sources were identified, the most prominent being members of the public. Of 821 tweets expressing sentiment specifically towards the guidelines, 80% expressed a negative sentiment. 11 themes were identified, 3 of which were broadly supportive of the guidelines, 7 broadly unsupportive and 1 neutral. Overall, more tweets were unsupportive (49%) than supportive (44%). While the most common theme overall was sharing information, the most common in tweets from members of the public encouraged alcohol consumption (15%) or expressed disagreement with the guidelines (14%), reflecting reactance, resistance and misunderstanding. CONCLUSIONS This descriptive analysis revealed a number of themes present in unsupportive comments towards the updated UK alcohol guidelines among a largely proalcohol community. An understanding of these may help to tailor effective communication of alcohol and health-related policies, and could inform a more dynamic approach to health communication via social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidy Stautz
- Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giacomo Bignardi
- Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gareth J Hollands
- Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Theresa M Marteau
- Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Marcon AR, Caulfield T. Commenting on chiropractic: A YouTube analysis. COGENT MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2016.1277450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro R. Marcon
- Department of Law, Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Timothy Caulfield
- Faculty of Law and School of Public Health, Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Office 468, Edmonton AB, T6G 2H5, Canada
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Valdez Soto M, Balls-Berry JE, Bishop SG, Aase LA, Timimi FK, Montori VM, Patten CA. Use of Web 2.0 Social Media Platforms to Promote Community-Engaged Research Dialogs: A Preliminary Program Evaluation. JMIR Res Protoc 2016; 5:e183. [PMID: 27613231 PMCID: PMC5035380 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community-engaged research is defined by the Institute of Medicine as the process of working collaboratively with groups of people affiliated by geographic proximity, special interests, or similar situations with respect to issues affecting their well-being. Traditional face-to-face community-engaged research is limited by geographic location, limited in resources, and/or uses one-way communications. Web 2.0 technologies including social media are novel communication channels for community-engaged research because these tools can reach a broader audience while promoting bidirectional dialogs. Objective This paper reports on a preliminary program evaluation of the use of social media platforms for promoting engagement of researchers and community representatives in dialogs about community-engaged research. Methods For this pilot program evaluation, the Clinical and Translational Science Office for Community Engagement in Research partnered with the Social Media Network at our institution to create a WordPress blog and Twitter account. Both social media platforms were facilitated by a social media manager. We used descriptive analytics for measuring engagement with WordPress and Twitter over an 18-month implementation period during 2014-2016. For the blog, we examined type of user (researcher, community representative, other) and used content analysis to generate the major themes from blog postings. For use of Twitter, we examined selected demographics and impressions among followers. Results There were 76 blog postings observed from researchers (48/76, 64%), community representatives (23/76, 32%) and funders (5/76, 8%). The predominant themes of the blog content were research awareness and dissemination of community-engaged research (35/76, 46%) and best practices (23/76, 30%). For Twitter, we obtained 411 followers at the end of the 18-month evaluation period, with an increase of 42% (from 280 to 411) over the final 6 months. Followers reported varied geographic location (321/411, 78%, resided in the United States); 99% (407/411) spoke English; and about half (218/411, 53%) were female. Followers produced 132,000 Twitter impressions. Conclusions Researchers and community stakeholders use social medial platforms for dialogs related to community-engaged research. This preliminary work is novel because we used Web 2.0 social media platforms to engage these stakeholders whereas prior work used face-to-face formats. Future research is needed to explore additional social media platforms; expanded reach to other diverse stakeholders including patients, providers, and payers; and additional outcomes related to engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Valdez Soto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Office for Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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