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Bisht T, Adhikari A, Patil S, Dhoundiyal S. Bioconjugation Techniques for Enhancing Stability and Targeting Efficiency of Protein and Peptide Therapeutics. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:226-243. [PMID: 37921168 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037268777231013154850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioconjugation techniques have emerged as powerful tools for enhancing the stability and targeting efficiency of protein and peptide therapeutics. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the various bioconjugation strategies employed in the field. The introduction highlights the significance of bioconjugation techniques in addressing stability and targeting challenges associated with protein and peptide-based drugs. Chemical and enzymatic bioconjugation methods are discussed, along with crosslinking strategies for covalent attachment and site-specific conjugation approaches. The role of bioconjugation in improving stability profiles is explored, showcasing case studies that demonstrate successful stability enhancement. Furthermore, bioconjugation techniques for ligand attachment and targeting are presented, accompanied by examples of targeted protein and peptide therapeutics. The review also covers bioconjugation approaches for prolonging circulation and controlled release, focusing on strategies to extend half-life, reduce clearance, and design-controlled release systems. Analytical characterization techniques for bioconjugates, including the evaluation of conjugation efficiency, stability, and assessment of biological activity and targeting efficiency, are thoroughly examined. In vivo considerations and clinical applications of bioconjugated protein and peptide therapeutics, including pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations, as well as preclinical and clinical developments, are discussed. Finally, the review concludes with an overview of future perspectives, emphasizing the potential for novel conjugation methods and advanced targeting strategies to further enhance the stability and targeting efficiency of protein and peptide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Bisht
- Department of Pharmacy, Shree Dev Bhoomi Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anupriya Adhikari
- Department of Pharmacy, Shree Dev Bhoomi Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shivanand Patil
- Department of Pharmacy, Shree Dev Bhoomi Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shivang Dhoundiyal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Nebogatova J, Härk HH, Puskar A, Porosk L, Guazzi P, Dowaidar M, Langel Ü, Kurrikoff K. A Method for Using Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Loading Plasmid DNA into Secreted Extracellular Vesicles. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1751. [PMID: 38136622 PMCID: PMC10741998 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The low bioavailability and high toxicity of plasmid DNA (pDNA)-based therapeutics pose challenges for their in vivo application. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have great potential to overcome these limitations, as they are biocompatible native cargo carriers. Various methods for loading pDNA into EVs, including electroporation, sonication, and co-incubation, have been previously investigated, but their success has been questionable. In this study, we report a unique method for loading EVs with pDNA through transient transfection using cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). With this method, we found a 104-fold increase in the expression levels of the luciferase reporter protein in recipient cells compared to the untreated cells. These data point to the high transfection efficacy and bioavailability of the delivered encapsulated nucleic acid. Furthermore, the in vivo experimental data indicate that the use of pDNA-loaded EVs as native delivery vehicles reduces the toxic effects associated with traditional nucleic acid (NA) delivery and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heleri Heike Härk
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anett Puskar
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ly Porosk
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Paolo Guazzi
- HansaBioMed Life Sciences Ltd., Mäealuse 2/1, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Moataz Dowaidar
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ülo Langel
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S. Arrheniusv. 16B, Room C472, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaido Kurrikoff
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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E VIGNESHBALAJI, RAMESH DIVYA, SHAJU MANISHACHUNGAN, KUMAR AKSHARA, PANDEY SAMYAK, NAYAK RAKSHA, ALKA V, MUNJAL SRISHTI, SALIMI AMIR, PAI KSREEDHARARANGANATH, BAKKANNAVAR SHANKARM. Biological, pathological, and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer. Oncol Res 2023; 32:73-94. [PMID: 38188673 PMCID: PMC10767237 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human body. It is considered a "double-edged sword", and depending on its biological source, the action of exosomes varies under physiological conditions. Also, the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome source. Moreover, the uptake of exosomes from the recipients' cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological actions. There are different mechanisms present in the exosomes' cellular uptake to deliver their cargo to acceptor cells. Once the exosomal uptake takes place, it releases the intracellular particles that leads to activate the physiological response. Even though exosomes have lavish functions, there are some challenges associated with every step of their preparation to bring potential therapeutic efficacy. So, overcoming the pitfalls would give a desired quantity of exosomes with high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- VIGNESH BALAJI E
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - DIVYA RAMESH
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU
- School of Health and Community Services, Durham College, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G2G5, Canada
| | - AKSHARA KUMAR
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - SAMYAK PANDEY
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - RAKSHA NAYAK
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - V. ALKA
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - SRISHTI MUNJAL
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - AMIR SALIMI
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - K. SREEDHARA RANGANATH PAI
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - SHANKAR M. BAKKANNAVAR
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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4
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Oshchepkova A, Zenkova M, Vlassov V. Extracellular Vesicles for Therapeutic Nucleic Acid Delivery: Loading Strategies and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087287. [PMID: 37108446 PMCID: PMC10139028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles released into the extracellular milieu by cells of various origins. They contain different biological cargoes, protecting them from degradation by environmental factors. There is an opinion that EVs have a number of advantages over synthetic carriers, creating new opportunities for drug delivery. In this review, we discuss the ability of EVs to function as carriers for therapeutic nucleic acids (tNAs), challenges associated with the use of such carriers in vivo, and various strategies for tNA loading into EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Oshchepkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentin Vlassov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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5
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Pandey SK, Singh RK. Recent developments in nucleic acid-based therapies for Parkinson's disease: Current status, clinical potential, and future strategies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986668. [PMID: 36339626 PMCID: PMC9632735 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disease diagnosed mainly based on clinical symptoms caused by loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Although currently available pharmacological therapies provide symptomatic relief, however, the disease continues to progress eventually leading to severe motor and cognitive decline and reduced quality of life. The hallmark pathology of Parkinson's disease includes intraneuronal inclusions known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, including fibrillar α-synuclein aggregates. These aggregates can progressively spread across synaptically connected brain regions leading to emergence of disease symptoms with time. The α-synuclein level is considered important in its fibrillization and aggregation. Nucleic acid therapeutics have recently been shown to be effective in treating various neurological diseases, raising the possibility of developing innovative molecular therapies for Parkinson's disease. In this review, we have described the advancements in genetic dysregulations in Parkinson's disease along with the disease-modifying strategies involved in genetic regulation with particular focus on downregulation of α-synuclein gene using various novel technologies, notably antisense oligonucleotides, microRNA, short interfering RNA, short hairpin RNAs, DNA aptamers, and gene therapy of vector-assisted delivery system-based therapeutics. In addition, the current status of preclinical and clinical development for nucleic acid-based therapies for Parkinson's disease have also been discussed along with their limitations and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
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6
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Hussen BM, Faraj GSH, Rasul MF, Hidayat HJ, Salihi A, Baniahmad A, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Frad S. Strategies to overcome the main challenges of the use of exosomes as drug carrier for cancer therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:323. [PMID: 36258195 PMCID: PMC9580186 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are naturally occurring nanosized particles that aid intercellular communication by transmitting biological information between cells. Exosomes have therapeutic efficacy that can transfer their contents between cells as natural carriers. In addition, the exosomal contents delivered to the recipient pathological cells significantly inhibit cancer progression. However, exosome-based tumor treatments are inadequately precise or successful, and various challenges should be adequately overcome. Here, we discuss the significant challenges that exosomes face as drug carriers used for therapeutic targets and strategies for overcoming these challenges in order to promote this new incoming drug carrier further and improve future clinical outcomes. We also present techniques for overcoming these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj
- College of Medicine, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. .,Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Frad
- Department of Medical Genetics,, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Prasad R, Conde J. Bioinspired soft nanovesicles for site-selective cancer imaging and targeted therapies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1792. [PMID: 35318815 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication within the heterogeneous solid tumor environment plays a significant role in the uncontrolled metastasis of cancer. To inhibit the metastasis and growth of cancer cells, various chemically designed and biologically derived nanosized biomaterials have been applied for targeted cancer therapeutics applications. Over the years, bioinspired soft nanovesicles have gained tremendous attention for targeted cancer therapeutics due to their easy binding with tumor microenvironment, natural targeting ability, bio-responsive nature, better biocompatibility, high cargo capacity for multiple therapeutics agents, and long circulation time. These cell-derived nanovesicles guard their loaded cargo molecules from immune clearance and make them site-selective to cancer cells due to their natural binding and delivery abilities. Furthermore, bioinspired soft nanovesicles prevent cell-to-cell communication and secretion of cancer cell markers by delivering the therapeutics agents predominantly. Cell-derived vesicles, namely, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, and so forth have been recognized as versatile carriers for therapeutic biomolecules. However, low product yield, poor reproducibility, and uncontrolled particle size distribution have remained as major challenges of these soft nanovesicles. Furthermore, the surface biomarkers and molecular contents of these vesicles change with respect to the stage of disease and types. Here in this review, we have discussed numerous examples of bioinspired soft vesicles for targeted imaging and cancer therapeutic applications with their advantages and limitations. Importance of bioengineered soft nanovesicles for localized therapies with their clinical relevance has also been addressed in this article. Overall, cell-derived nanovesicles could be considered as clinically relevant platforms for cancer therapeutics. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Conde
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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8
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Ren H, Guo Z, Liu Y, Song C. Stem Cell-derived Exosomal MicroRNA as Therapy for Vascular Age-related Diseases. Aging Dis 2022; 13:852-867. [PMID: 35656114 PMCID: PMC9116915 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular age-related diseases describe a group of age-related chronic diseases that result in a considerable healthcare burden to society. Vascular aging includes structural changes and dysfunctions of endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in blood vessels. Compared with conventional treatment for vascular age-related diseases, stem cell (SC) therapy elicits better anti-aging effects viathe inhibition/delay ECs and SMCs from entering senescence. Exosomal noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) in vascular aging and stem cell-derived exosomal microRNAs (SCEV-miRNAs), especially in mesenchymal stem cells, have an important role in the development of age-related diseases. This review summarizes SCEV-miRNAs of diverse origins that may play a vital role in treating subclinical and clinical stages of vascular age-related disorders. We further explored possible age-related pathways and molecular targets of SCEV-miRNA, which are associated with dysfunctions of ECs and SMCs in the senescent stage. Moreover, the perspectives and difficulties of SCEV-miRNA clinical translation are discussed. This review aims to provide greater understanding of the biology of vascular aging and to identify critical therapeutic targets for SCEV-miRNAs. Though still in its infancy, the potential value of SCEV-miRNAs for vascular age-related diseases is clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ren
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyuan Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Drug-Delivery Systems through Intracellular Communications. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060550. [PMID: 35736256 PMCID: PMC9230693 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since it has been reported that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry cargo using cell-to-cell comminication according to various in vivo situations, they are exprected to be applied as new drug-delivery systems (DDSs). In addition, non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), have attracted much attention as potential biomarkers in the encapsulated extracellular-vesicle (EV) form. EVs are bilayer-based lipids with heterogeneous populations of varying sizes and compositions. The EV-mediated transport of contents, which includes proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, has attracted attention as a DDS through intracellular communication. Many reports have been made on the development of methods for introducing molecules into EVs and efficient methods for introducing them into target vesicles. In this review, we outline the possible molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs in exosomes participate in the post-transcriptional regulation of signaling pathways via cell–cell communication as novel DDSs, especially small EVs.
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10
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Zhang R, Niu S, Rong Z, Li F, Ni L, Di X, Liu C. A Potential Target for Diabetic Vascular Damage: High Glucose-Induced Monocyte Extracellular Vesicles Impair Endothelial Cells by Delivering miR-142-5p. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:913791. [PMID: 35615474 PMCID: PMC9124888 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.913791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key accessory to diabetic cardiovascular complications, and the regulatory role of the extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the innate immune system is growing. We tested whether EVs derived from high glucose-induced monocytes could shuttle microRNAs and impair endothelial cells. EVs from high glucose- and basal glucose-treated THP-1 cells (HG-THP-1 EVs and BG-THP-1 EVs) were isolated and identified. After coculture with THP-1 EVs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were tested by proliferation, migration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection assays, and western blot for Nrf2/NLRP3 signaling. MiR-142-5p was predicted by miRNAs databases and further verified by RT–qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays that inhibit Nrf2 expression. The regulation of miR-142-5p in HUVECs was further evaluated. A type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mouse model was developed for miR-142-5p inhibition. Aorta tissue was harvested for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Compared to BG-THP-1 EVs, HG-THP-1 EVs significantly reduced migration and increased ROS production in HUVECs but did not affect proliferation. HG-THP-1 EVs induced suppression of Nrf2 signaling and NLRP3 signaling activation. RT–qPCR results showed that HG-THP-1 EVs overexpressed miR-142-5p in HUVECs. The transfection of miR-142-5p mimics into HUVECs exhibited consistent regulatory effects on HG-THP-1 EVs, whereas miR-142-5p inhibitors demonstrated protective effects. The miR-142-5p antagomir significantly reduced the IL-1β level in T1DM aortas despite morphological changes. To conclude, miR-142-5p transferred by high glucose-induced monocyte EVs participates in diabetic endothelial damage. The inhibition of miR-142-5p could be a potential adjuvant to diabetic cardiovascular protection.
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11
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Jayaseelan VP, Arumugam P. Exosome engineering: a promising step toward cancer therapeutics. Epigenomics 2022; 14:503-506. [PMID: 35380046 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayashree Priyadharsini Jayaseelan
- Clinical Genetics Lab, Centre for Cellular & Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai-77, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paramasivam Arumugam
- Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular & Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai-77, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Xia W, Li M, Jiang X, Huang X, Gu S, Ye J, Zhu L, Hou M, Zan T. Young fibroblast-derived exosomal microRNA-125b transfers beneficial effects on aged cutaneous wound healing. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:144. [PMID: 35305652 PMCID: PMC9744129 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aged skin wounds heal poorly, resulting in medical, economic, and social burdens posed by nonhealing wounds. Age-related defects in repair are associated with reduced myofibroblasts and dysfunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Bidirectional cell-cell communication involving exosome-borne cargo such as micro RNAs (miRs) has emerged as a critical mechanism for wound healing and aged tissue regeneration. Here we report that at the wound edge, aged fibroblasts display reduced migration and differentiation into myofibroblasts, with impaired ECM deposition, when compared with young tissue. Proper activation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts may alleviate age-related defects in wound healing. Herein, an exosome-guided cell technique was performed to induce effective wound healing. Supplementing wounds with exosomes isolated from young mouse wound-edge fibroblasts (exosomesYoung) significantly improved the abundance of myofibroblasts and wound healing in aged mice and caused fibroblasts to migrate and transition to myofibroblasts in vitro. To determine the underlying mechanism, we found that exosomal transfer of miR-125b to fibroblasts inhibited sirtuin 7 (Sirt7), thus accelerating myofibroblast differentiation and wound healing in aged mice. Notably, after epidermal inhibition of miR-125b or overexpression of Sirt7 in fibroblasts, migration and myofibroblast transition were perturbed. Our findings thus reveal that miR-125b is transferred through exosomes from young fibroblasts to old fibroblasts contributes to promoting fibroblast migration and transition to counteract aging, suggesting a potential avenue for anti-aging interventions in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, China
| | - Minxiong Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Huang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchen Gu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Ye
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, 325000 Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liaoxiang Zhu
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, 325000 Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Hou
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 2 Fuxue Lane, 325000 Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, China
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13
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Opportunity. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100796. [PMID: 34677562 PMCID: PMC8540094 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by mass neuronal and synaptic loss and, currently, there are no successful curative therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging approach to intercellular communication via transferring cellular materials such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs from parental cells to recipient cells, leading to the reprogramming of the molecular machinery. Numerous studies have suggested the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of AD, based on the neuroprotective, regenerative and immunomodulatory effects as effective as MSCs. In this review, we focus on the biology and function of EVs, the potential of MSC-derived EVs for AD therapy in preclinical and clinical studies, as well as the potent mechanisms of MSC-derived EVs actions. Finally, we highlight the modification strategies and diagnosis utilities in order to make advance in this field.
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