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Antczak LAM, Moore KN, Hendrick TE, Heise RL. Binary fabrication of decellularized lung extracellular matrix hybridgels for in vitro chronic obstructive pulmonary disease modeling. Acta Biomater 2024; 185:190-202. [PMID: 39059731 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Limited treatments and a lack of appropriate animal models have spurred the study of scaffolds to mimic lung disease in vitro. Decellularized human lung and its application in extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels has advanced the development of these lung ECM models. Controlling the biochemical and mechanical properties of decellularized ECM hydrogels continues to be of interest due to inherent discrepancies of hydrogels when compared to their source tissue. To optimize the physiologic relevance of ECM hydrogel lung models without sacrificing the native composition we engineered a binary fabrication system to produce a Hybridgel composed of an ECM hydrogel reinforced with an ECM cryogel. Further, we compared the effect of ECM-altering disease on the properties of the gels using elastin poor Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) vs non-diseased (ND) human lung source tissue. Nanoindentation confirmed the significant loss of elasticity in hydrogels compared to that of ND human lung and further demonstrated the recovery of elastic moduli in ECM cryogels and Hybridgels. These findings were supported by similar observations in diseased tissue and gels. Successful cell encapsulation, distribution, cytotoxicity, and infiltration were observed and characterized via confocal microscopy. Cells were uniformly distributed throughout the Hybridgel and capable of survival for 7 days. Cell-laden ECM hybridgels were found to have elasticity similar to that of ND human lung. Compositional investigation into diseased and ND gels indicated the conservation of disease-specific elastin to collagen ratios. In brief, we have engineered a composited ECM hybridgel for the 3D study of cell-matrix interactions of varying lung disease states that optimizes the application of decellularized lung ECM materials to more closely mimic the human lung while conserving the compositional bioactivity of the native ECM. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The lack of an appropriate disease model for the study of chronic lung diseases continues to severely inhibit the advancement of treatments and preventions of these otherwise fatal illnesses due to the inability to recapture the biocomplexity of pathologic cell-ECM interactions. Engineering biomaterials that utilize decellularized lungs offers an opportunity to deconstruct, understand, and rebuild models that highlight and investigate how disease specific characteristics of the extracellular environment are involved in driving disease progression. We have advanced this space by designing a binary fabrication system for a ECM Hybridgel that retains properties from its source material required to observe native matrix interactions. This design simulates a 3D lung environment that is both mechanically elastic and compositionally relevant when derived from non-diseased tissue and pathologically diminished both mechanically and compositionally when derived from COPD tissue. Here we describe the ECM hybridgel as a model for the study of cell-ECM interactions involved in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh-Ann M Antczak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Karah N Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Taylor E Hendrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
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Sun Y, King B, Hamlin AJ, Saniepay M, Gorshkov K, Barker G, Ziegler M, Mukundan S, Cvijic ME, Schwarzbauer JE. Identification of a fibronectin-binding protein signature associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Cells Dev 2024; 179:203941. [PMID: 39038657 PMCID: PMC11344656 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2024.203941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical component of tissue where it provides structural and signaling support to cells. Its dysregulation and accumulation lead to fibrosis, a major clinical challenge underlying many diseases that currently has little effective treatment. An understanding of the key molecular initiators of fibrosis would be both diagnostically useful and provide potential targets for therapeutics. The ECM protein fibronectin (FN) is upregulated in fibrotic conditions and other ECM proteins depend on assembly of a FN foundational ECM for their matrix incorporation. We used cell culture and in vivo models to investigate the role of FN in the progression of lung fibrosis. We confirmed that normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) treated with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) to stimulate fibrotic gene expression significantly increased both FN expression and its assembly into a matrix. We found that levels of alternatively spliced EDA and EDB exons were proportional to the increase in total FN RNA and protein showing that inclusion of these exons is not enhanced by TGF-β stimulation. RNA-sequencing identified 43 core matrisome genes that were significantly up- or down-regulated by TGF-β treatment and a Luminex immunoassay demonstrated increased levels of ECM proteins in conditioned medium of TGF-β-treated NHLFs. Interestingly, among the regulated core matrisome genes, 16 encode known FN-binding proteins and, of these, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) was most highly up-regulated. To link the NHLF results with in vivo disease, we analyzed lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from bleomycin-treated mice and found dramatically higher levels of FN and the FN-binding proteins IGFBP3, tenascin-C, and type I collagen in fibrotic conditions compared to controls. Altogether, our data identify a set of FN-binding proteins whose upregulation is characteristic of IPF and suggest that FN provides the foundational matrix for deposition of these proteins as fibrosis develops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA 08544
| | - Benjamin King
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Aaron J. Hamlin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA 08544
| | - Mersedeh Saniepay
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Kirill Gorshkov
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Gregory Barker
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Milinda Ziegler
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Shilpaa Mukundan
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, USA 08648
| | - Jean E. Schwarzbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA 08544
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Al Yazeedi S, Abokor AF, Brussow J, Thiam F, Phogat S, Osei ET. The effect of the mechanodynamic lung environment on fibroblast phenotype via the Flexcell. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:362. [PMID: 39068387 PMCID: PMC11282647 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The lung is a highly mechanical organ as it is exposed to approximately 109 strain cycles, (where strain is the length change of tissue structure per unit initial length), with an approximately 4% amplitude change during quiet tidal breathing or 107 strain cycles at a 25% amplitude during heavy exercises, sighs, and deep inspirations. These mechanical indices have been reported to become aberrant in lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary hypertension, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and asthma. Through recent innovations, various in vitro systems/bioreactors used to mimic the lung's mechanical strain have been developed. Among these, the Flexcell tension system which is composed of bioreactors that utilize a variety of programs in vitro to apply static and cyclic strain on different cell-types established as 2D monolayer cultures or cell-embedded 3D hydrogel models, has enabled the assessment of the response of different cells such as fibroblasts to the lung's mechanical strain in health and disease. Fibroblasts are the main effector cells responsible for the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to repair and maintain tissue homeostasis and are implicated in the excessive deposition of matrix proteins that leads to lung fibrosis. In this review, we summarise, studies that have used the Flexcell tension bioreactor to assess effects of the mechanical lung on the structure, function, and phenotype of lung fibroblasts in homeostatic conditions and abnormal environments associated with lung injury and disease. We show that these studies have revealed that different strain conditions regulate fibroblast proliferation, ECM protein production, and inflammation in normal repair and the diseased lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al Yazeedi
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - A F Abokor
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - J Brussow
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - F Thiam
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - S Phogat
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - E T Osei
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia - Okanagan Campus, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada.
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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Tan YH, Wang KCW, Chin IL, Sanderson RW, Li J, Kennedy BF, Noble PB, Choi YS. Stiffness Mediated-Mechanosensation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells on Linear Stiffness Gradient Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304254. [PMID: 38593989 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In obstructive airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein amount and composition of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) is often remodelled, likely altering tissue stiffness. The underlying mechanism of how human ASM cell (hASMC) mechanosenses the aberrant microenvironment is not well understood. Physiological stiffnesses of the ASM were measured by uniaxial compression tester using porcine ASM layers under 0, 5 and 10% longitudinal stretch above in situ length. Linear stiffness gradient hydrogels (230 kPa range) were fabricated and functionalized with ECM proteins, collagen I (ColI), fibronectin (Fn) and laminin (Ln), to recapitulate the above-measured range of stiffnesses. Overall, hASMC mechanosensation exhibited a clear correlation with the underlying hydrogel stiffness. Cell size, nuclear size and contractile marker alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression showed a strong correlation to substrate stiffness. Mechanosensation, assessed by Lamin-A intensity and nuc/cyto YAP, exhibited stiffness-mediated behaviour only on ColI and Fn-coated hydrogels. Inhibition studies using blebbistatin or Y27632 attenuated most mechanotransduction-derived cell morphological responses, αSMA and Lamin-A expression and nuc/cyto YAP (blebbistatin only). This study highlights the interplay and complexities between stiffness and ECM protein type on hASMC mechanosensation, relevant to airway remodelling in obstructive airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hwee Tan
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kimberley C W Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ian L Chin
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Rowan W Sanderson
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Peter B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Singam A, Bhattacharya C, Park S. Aging-related changes in the mechanical properties of single cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32974. [PMID: 38994100 PMCID: PMC11238009 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical properties, along with biochemical and molecular properties, play crucial roles in governing cellular function and homeostasis. Cellular mechanics are influenced by various factors, including physiological and pathological states, making them potential biomarkers for diseases and aging. While several methods such as AFM, particle-tracking microrheology, optical tweezers/stretching, magnetic tweezers/twisting cytometry, microfluidics, and micropipette aspiration have been widely utilized to measure the mechanical properties of single cells, our understanding of how aging affects these properties remains limited. To fill this knowledge gap, we provide a brief overview of the commonly used methods to measure single-cell mechanical properties. We then delve into the effects of aging on the mechanical properties of different cell types. Finally, we discuss the importance of studying cellular viscous and viscoelastic properties as well as aging induced by different stressors to gain a deeper understanding of the aging process and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarnath Singam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Chandrabali Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Seungman Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
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Della Sala F, Longobardo G, Borzacchiello A. Collagen-Mesenchymal Stem Cell Microspheres Embedded in Hyaluronic Acid Solutions as Biphasic Stem Niche Delivery Systems for Pulmonary Differentiation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3675-3686. [PMID: 38743786 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapy has the potential to become a feasible solution for several diseases, such as those related to the lungs and airways, considering the more beneficial intratracheal administration route. However, in lung diseases, an impaired pulmonary extracellular matrix (ECM) precludes injury resolution with a faulty engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at the lung level. Furthermore, a shielding strategy to avoid cell damage as well as cell loss due to backflow through the injection path is required. Here, an approach to deliver cells encapsulated in a biomimetic stem niche is used, in which the interplay between cells and physiological lung ECM constituents, such as collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA), can occur. To this aim, a biphasic delivery system based on MSCs encapsulated in collagen microspheres (mCOLLs) without chemical modification and embedded in an injectable HA solution has been developed. Such biphasic delivery systems can both increase the mucoadhesive properties at the site of interest and improve cell viability and pulmonary differentiation. Rheological results showed a similar viscosity at high shear rates compared to the MSC suspension used in intratracheal administration. The size of the mCOLLs can be controlled, resulting in a lower value of 200 μm, suitable for delivery in alveolar sacs. Biological results showed that mCOLLs maintained good cell viability, and when they were suspended in lung medium implemented with low molecular weight HA, the differentiation ability of the MSCs was further enhanced compared to their differentiation ability in only lung medium. Overall, the results showed that this strategy has the potential to improve the delivery and viability of MSCs, along with their differentiation ability, in the pulmonary lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Della Sala
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Longobardo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Borzacchiello
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
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7
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Fonseca VC, Van V, Ip BC. Primary Human Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix from Decellularized Fibroblast Microtissues with Tissue-Dependent Composition and Microstructure. Cell Mol Bioeng 2024; 17:189-201. [PMID: 39050510 PMCID: PMC11263529 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-024-00809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human extracellular matrix (ECM) exhibits complex protein composition and architecture depending on tissue and disease state, which remains challenging to reverse engineer. One promising approach is based on cell-secreted ECM from primary human fibroblasts that can be decellularized into acellular biomaterials. However, fibroblasts cultured on rigid culture plastic or biomaterial scaffolds can experience aberrant mechanical cues that perturb the biochemical, mechanical, and the efficiency of ECM production. Methods Here, we demonstrate a method for preparing decellularized ECM using primary human fibroblasts with tissue and disease-specific features with two case studies: (1) cardiac fibroblasts; (2) lung fibroblasts from healthy or diseased donors. Cells aggregate into engineered microtissues in low adhesion microwells that deposited ECM and can be decellularized. We systematically investigate microtissue morphology, matrix architecture, and mechanical properties, along with transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. Results Microtissues exhibited tissue-specific gene expression and proteomics profiling, with ECM complexity similar to native tissues. Healthy lung microtissues exhibited web-like fibrillar collagen compared to dense patches in healthy heart microtissues. Diseased lung exhibited more disrupted collagen architecture than healthy. Decellularized microtissues had tissue-specific mechanical stiffness that was physiologically relevant. Importantly, decellularized microtissues supported viability and proliferation of human cells. Conclusions We show that engineered microtissues of primary human fibroblasts seeded in low-adhesion microwells can be decellularized to produce human, tissue and disease-specific ECM. This approach should be widely applicable for generating personalized matrix that recapitulate tissues and disease states, relevant for culturing patient cells ex vivo as well as implantation for therapeutic treatments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-024-00809-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera C. Fonseca
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Vivian Van
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Blanche C. Ip
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA
- Present Address: The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
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Al-Husinat L, Azzam S, Al Sharie S, Al Sharie AH, Battaglini D, Robba C, Marini JJ, Thornton LT, Cruz FF, Silva PL, Rocco PRM. Effects of mechanical ventilation on the interstitial extracellular matrix in healthy lungs and lungs affected by acute respiratory distress syndrome: a narrative review. Crit Care 2024; 28:165. [PMID: 38750543 PMCID: PMC11094887 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation, a lifesaving intervention in critical care, can lead to damage in the extracellular matrix (ECM), triggering inflammation and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), particularly in conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review discusses the detailed structure of the ECM in healthy and ARDS-affected lungs under mechanical ventilation, aiming to bridge the gap between experimental insights and clinical practice by offering a thorough understanding of lung ECM organization and the dynamics of its alteration during mechanical ventilation. MAIN TEXT Focusing on the clinical implications, we explore the potential of precise interventions targeting the ECM and cellular signaling pathways to mitigate lung damage, reduce inflammation, and ultimately improve outcomes for critically ill patients. By analyzing a range of experimental studies and clinical papers, particular attention is paid to the roles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), integrins, and other molecules in ECM damage and VILI. This synthesis not only sheds light on the structural changes induced by mechanical stress but also underscores the importance of cellular responses such as inflammation, fibrosis, and excessive activation of MMPs. CONCLUSIONS This review emphasizes the significance of mechanical cues transduced by integrins and their impact on cellular behavior during ventilation, offering insights into the complex interactions between mechanical ventilation, ECM damage, and cellular signaling. By understanding these mechanisms, healthcare professionals in critical care can anticipate the consequences of mechanical ventilation and use targeted strategies to prevent or minimize ECM damage, ultimately leading to better patient management and outcomes in critical care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou'i Al-Husinat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Saif Azzam
- Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Ahmed H Al Sharie
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Denise Battaglini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Robba
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - John J Marini
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Lauren T Thornton
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Fernanda F Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Pozzo LD, Xu Z, Lin S, Wang J, Wang Y, Enechojo OS, Abankwah JK, Peng Y, Chu X, Zhou H, Bian Y. Role of epigenetics in the regulation of skin aging and geroprotective intervention: A new sight. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116592. [PMID: 38615608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic factors play a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of cutaneous components and are implicated in the aging process of the skin. They have been associated with the activation of the senescence program, which is the primary contributor to age-related decline in the skin. Senescent species drive a series of interconnected processes that impact the immediate surroundings, leading to structural changes, diminished functionality, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Geroprotective medicines that may restore the epigenetic balance represent valid therapeutic alliances against skin aging. Most of them are well-known Western medications such as metformin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), rapamycin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, while others belong to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remedies for which the scientific literature provides limited information. With the help of the Geroprotectors.org database and a comprehensive analysis of the referenced literature, we have compiled data on compounds and formulae that have shown potential in preventing skin aging and have been identified as epigenetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shan Lin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ogbe Susan Enechojo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Joseph Kofi Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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10
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Licciardello M, Traldi C, Cicolini M, Bertana V, Marasso SL, Cocuzza M, Tonda-Turo C, Ciardelli G. A miniaturized multicellular platform to mimic the 3D structure of the alveolar-capillary barrier. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1346660. [PMID: 38646009 PMCID: PMC11026571 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1346660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Several diseases affect the alveoli, and the efficacy of medical treatments and pharmaceutical therapies is hampered by the lack of pre-clinical models able to recreate in vitro the diseases. Microfluidic devices, mimicking the key structural and compositional features of the alveoli, offer several advantages to medium and high-throughput analysis of new candidate therapies. Here, we developed an alveolus-on-a-chip recapitulating the microanatomy of the physiological tissue by including the epithelium, the fibrous interstitial layer and the capillary endothelium. A PDMS device was obtained assembling a top layer and a bottom layer obtained by replica molding. A polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL-Gel) electrospun membrane was included within the two layers supporting the seeding of 3 cell phenotypes. Epithelial cells were grown on a fibroblast-laden collagen hydrogel located on the top side of the PCL-Gel mats while endothelial cells were seeded on the basolateral side of the membrane. The innovative design of the microfluidic device allows to replicate both cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions according to the in vivo cell arrangement along with the establishment of physiologically relevant air-liquid interface conditions. Indeed, high cell viability was confirmed for up to 10 days and the formation of a tight endothelial and epithelial barrier was assessed by immunofluorescence assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Licciardello
- La.Di.Spe Bioengineerig, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Turin, Italy
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, Italy
| | - Cecilia Traldi
- La.Di.Spe Bioengineerig, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Turin, Italy
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, Italy
| | - Martina Cicolini
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- ChiLab- Materials and Microsystems Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Chivasso, Italy
| | - Valentina Bertana
- ChiLab- Materials and Microsystems Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Chivasso, Italy
| | - Simone Luigi Marasso
- ChiLab- Materials and Microsystems Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Chivasso, Italy
- CNR-IMEM, National Research Council-Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Cocuzza
- ChiLab- Materials and Microsystems Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Chivasso, Italy
| | - Chiara Tonda-Turo
- La.Di.Spe Bioengineerig, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Turin, Italy
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- La.Di.Spe Bioengineerig, Politecnico di Torino, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Turin, Italy
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, Italy
- CNR-IPCF, National Research Council-Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Wan R, Long S, Ma S, Yan P, Li Z, Xu K, Lian H, Li W, Duan Y, Zhu M, Wang L, Yu G. NR2F2 alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibition of epithelial cell senescence. Respir Res 2024; 25:154. [PMID: 38566093 PMCID: PMC10985909 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fatal, and aging-associated interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options, while the pathogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we found that the expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2 (NR2F2), a member of the steroid thyroid hormone superfamily of nuclear receptors, was reduced in both IPF and bleomycin-induced fibrotic lungs, markedly in bleomycin-induced senescent epithelial cells. Inhibition of NR2F2 expression increased the expression of senescence markers such as p21 and p16 in lung epithelial cells, and activated fibroblasts through epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk, inversely overexpression of NR2F2 alleviated bleomycin-induced epithelial cell senescence and inhibited fibroblast activation. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that overexpression of NR2F2 alleviated DNA damage in lung epithelial cells and inhibited cell senescence. Adenovirus-mediated Nr2f2 overexpression attenuated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and cell senescence in mice. In summary, these data demonstrate that NR2F2 is involved in lung epithelial cell senescence, and targeting NR2F2 may be a promising therapeutic approach against lung cell senescence and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyan Wan
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Siqi Long
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Shuaichen Ma
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Peishuo Yan
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zhongzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Kai Xu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Hui Lian
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yudi Duan
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan center for outstanding overseas scientists of pulmonary fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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12
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Zhao M, Wang M, Chen X, Gao Y, Chen Q, Wang L, Bao Q, Sun D, Du W, Xu Y, Xie L, Jiang X, Zhang L, Peng L, Zhang B, Yao Y. Targeting progranulin alleviated silica particles-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via decreasing Il-6 and Tgf-β1/Smad. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133199. [PMID: 38103296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Long term exposure to silica particles leads to various diseases, among which silicosis is of great concern. Silicosis is an interstitial lung disease caused by inhalation of silica particles in production environments. However, the mechanisms underlying silicosis remains unclear. Our previous studies revealed that progranulin (Pgrn) promoted the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in alveolar macrophages treated with silica particles and the secretion of extracellular matrix of pulmonary fibroblasts. Nevertheless, the role of Pgrn in silica particles-induced silicosis in vivo was unknown. This study found that silica particles increased Pgrn expression in silicosis patients. Pgrn deficiency reduced lung inflammation and fibrosis in silica particles-induced silicosis mouse models. Subsequently, based on transcriptional sequencing and interleukin (Il) -6 knockout mouse models, results demonstrated that Pgrn deficiency might decrease silicosis inflammation by reducing the production of Il-6, thereby modulating pulmonary fibrosis in the early stage of silicosis mouse models. Furthermore, another mechanism through which Pgrn deficiency reduced fibrosis in silicosis mouse models was the regulation of the transforming growth factor (Tgf) -β1/Smad signaling pathway. Conclusively, Pgrn contributed to silicosis inflammation and fibrosis induced by silica particles, indicating that Pgrn could be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyu Zhao
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuxi Chen
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qixue Bao
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Donglei Sun
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Du
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunyi Xu
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lijun Peng
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ben Zhang
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Departments of Cardiology, Neurology, and Oncology, Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Yuqin Yao
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) working group, Research Center For Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Disease, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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He ZJ, Chu C, Dickson R, Okuda K, Cai LH. A gel-coated air-liquid-interface culture system with tunable substrate stiffness matching healthy and diseased lung tissues. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L292-L302. [PMID: 38252871 PMCID: PMC11280679 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00153.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its invention in the late 1980s, the air-liquid-interface (ALI) culture system has been the standard in vitro model for studying human airway biology and pulmonary diseases. However, in a conventional ALI system, cells are cultured on a porous plastic membrane that is much stiffer than human airway tissues. Here, we develop a gel-ALI culture system by simply coating the plastic membrane with a thin layer of hydrogel with tunable stiffness matching that of healthy and fibrotic airway tissues. We determine the optimum gel thickness that does not impair the transport of nutrients and biomolecules essential to cell growth. We show that the gel-ALI system allows human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) to proliferate and differentiate into pseudostratified epithelium. Furthermore, we discover that HBECs migrate significantly faster on hydrogel substrates with stiffness matching that of fibrotic lung tissues, highlighting the importance of mechanical cues in human airway remodeling. The developed gel-ALI system provides a facile approach to studying the effects of mechanical cues in human airway biology and in modeling pulmonary diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In a conventional ALI system, cells are cultured on a plastic membrane that is much stiffer than human airway tissues. We develop a gel-ALI system by coating the plastic membrane with a thin layer of hydrogel with tunable stiffness matching that of healthy and fibrotic airway tissues. We discover that human bronchial epithelial cells migrate significantly faster on hydrogel substrates with pathological stiffness, highlighting the importance of mechanical cues in human airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Catherine Chu
- Soft Biomatter Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Riley Dickson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Li-Heng Cai
- Soft Biomatter Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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14
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Wrench CL, Baker JR, Monkley S, Fenwick PS, Murray L, Donnelly LE, Barnes PJ. Small airway fibroblasts from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exhibit cellular senescence. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L266-L279. [PMID: 38150543 PMCID: PMC11281792 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00419.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small airway disease (SAD) is a key early-stage pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is associated with cellular senescence whereby cells undergo growth arrest and express the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) leading to chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Parenchymal-derived fibroblasts have been shown to display senescent properties in COPD, however small airway fibroblasts (SAFs) have not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the role of these cells in COPD and their potential contribution to SAD. To investigate the senescent and fibrotic phenotype of SAF in COPD, SAFs were isolated from nonsmoker, smoker, and COPD lung resection tissue (n = 9-17 donors). Senescence and fibrotic marker expressions were determined using iCELLigence (proliferation), qPCR, Seahorse assay, and ELISAs. COPD SAFs were further enriched for senescent cells using FACSAria Fusion based on cell size and autofluorescence (10% largest/autofluorescent vs. 10% smallest/nonautofluorescent). The phenotype of the senescence-enriched population was investigated using RNA sequencing and pathway analysis. Markers of senescence were observed in COPD SAFs, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase, SASP release, and reduced proliferation. Because the pathways driving this phenotype were unclear, we used cell sorting to enrich senescent COPD SAFs. This population displayed increased p21CIP1 and p16INK4a expression and mitochondrial dysfunction. RNA sequencing suggested these senescent cells express genes involved in oxidative stress response, fibrosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. These data suggest COPD SAFs are senescent and may be associated with fibrotic properties and mitochondrial dysfunction. Further understanding of cellular senescence in SAFs may lead to potential therapies to limit SAD progression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Fibroblasts and senescence are thought to play key roles in the pathogenesis of small airway disease and COPD; however, the characteristics of small airway-derived fibroblasts are not well explored. In this study we isolate and enrich the senescent small airway-derived fibroblast (SAF) population from COPD lungs and explore the pathways driving this phenotype using bulk RNA-seq.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Wrench
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R Baker
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Monkley
- Translation Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter S Fenwick
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne Murray
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Perez-Favila A, Garza-Veloz I, Hernandez-Marquez LDS, Gutierrez-Vela EF, Flores-Morales V, Martinez-Fierro ML. Antifibrotic Drugs against Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by COVID-19: Therapeutic Approaches and Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1562. [PMID: 38338840 PMCID: PMC10855955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the health and economy of the global population. Even after recovery from the disease, post-COVID-19 symptoms, such as pulmonary fibrosis, continue to be a concern. This narrative review aims to address pulmonary fibrosis (PF) from various perspectives, including the fibrotic mechanisms involved in idiopathic and COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. On the other hand, we also discuss the current therapeutic drugs in use, as well as those undergoing clinical or preclinical evaluation. Additionally, this article will address various biomarkers with usefulness for PF prediction, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and severity assessment in order to provide better treatment strategies for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Doctorado en Ciencias con Orientación en Medicina Molecular, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y CS, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (A.P.-F.); (I.G.-V.); (L.d.S.H.-M.); (E.F.G.-V.); (V.F.-M.)
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16
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Mallek NM, Martin EM, Dailey LA, McCullough SD. Liquid application dosing alters the physiology of air-liquid interface (ALI) primary human bronchial epithelial cell/lung fibroblast co-cultures and in vitro testing relevant endpoints. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 5:1264331. [PMID: 38464699 PMCID: PMC10922929 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1264331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures grown under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions exhibit key features of the human respiratory tract and are thus critical for respiratory research as well as efficacy and toxicity testing of inhaled substances (e.g., consumer products, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals). Many inhalable substances (e.g., particles, aerosols, hydrophobic substances, reactive substances) have physiochemical properties that challenge their evaluation under ALI conditions in vitro. Evaluation of the effects of these methodologically challenging chemicals (MCCs) in vitro is typically conducted by "liquid application," involving the direct application of a solution containing the test substance to the apical, air-exposed surface of dpHBEC-ALI cultures. We report that the application of liquid to the apical surface of a dpHBEC-ALI co-culture model results in significant reprogramming of the dpHBEC transcriptome and biological pathway activity, alternative regulation of cellular signaling pathways, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and decreased epithelial barrier integrity. Given the prevalence of liquid application in the delivery of test substances to ALI systems, understanding its effects provides critical infrastructure for the use of in vitro systems in respiratory research as well as in the safety and efficacy testing of inhalable substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Mallek
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Martin
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lisa A. Dailey
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Shaun D. McCullough
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Exposure and Protection, RTI International, Durham, NC, United States
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17
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Wang H, Ning X, Zhao F, Zhao H, Li D. Human organoids-on-chips for biomedical research and applications. Theranostics 2024; 14:788-818. [PMID: 38169573 PMCID: PMC10758054 DOI: 10.7150/thno.90492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Human organoids-on-chips (OrgOCs) are the synergism of human organoids (HOs) technology and microfluidic organs-on-chips (OOCs). OOCs can mimic extrinsic characteristics of organs, such as environmental clues of living tissue, while HOs are more amenable to biological analysis and genetic manipulation. By spatial cooperation, OrgOCs served as 3D organotypic living models allowing them to recapitulate critical tissue-specific properties and forecast human responses and outcomes. It represents a giant leap forward from the regular 2D cell monolayers and animal models in the improved human ecological niche modeling. In recent years, OrgOCs have offered potential promises for clinical studies and advanced the preclinical-to-clinical translation in medical and industrial fields. In this review, we highlight the cutting-edge achievements in OrgOCs, introduce the key features of OrgOCs architectures, and share the revolutionary applications in basic biology, disease modeling, preclinical assay and precision medicine. Furthermore, we discuss how to combine a wide range of disciplines with OrgOCs and accelerate translational applications, as well as the challenges and opportunities of OrgOCs in biomedical research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiufan Ning
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Interventional & Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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18
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Chen X, Haribowo AG, Baik AH, Fossati A, Stevenson E, Chen YR, Reyes NS, Peng T, Matthay MA, Traglia M, Pico AR, Jarosz DF, Buchwalter A, Ghaemmaghami S, Swaney DL, Jain IH. In vivo protein turnover rates in varying oxygen tensions nominate MYBBP1A as a mediator of the hyperoxia response. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj4884. [PMID: 38064566 PMCID: PMC10708181 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation and excess are both toxic. Thus, the body's ability to adapt to varying oxygen tensions is critical for survival. While the hypoxia transcriptional response has been well studied, the post-translational effects of oxygen have been underexplored. In this study, we systematically investigate protein turnover rates in mouse heart, lung, and brain under different inhaled oxygen tensions. We find that the lung proteome is the most responsive to varying oxygen tensions. In particular, several extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are stabilized in the lung under both hypoxia and hyperoxia. Furthermore, we show that complex 1 of the electron transport chain is destabilized in hyperoxia, in accordance with the exacerbation of associated disease models by hyperoxia and rescue by hypoxia. Moreover, we nominate MYBBP1A as a hyperoxia transcriptional regulator, particularly in the context of rRNA homeostasis. Overall, our study highlights the importance of varying oxygen tensions on protein turnover rates and identifies tissue-specific mediators of oxygen-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Augustinus G. Haribowo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alan H. Baik
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Fossati
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erica Stevenson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yiwen R. Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nabora S. Reyes
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tien Peng
- Department of Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michela Traglia
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexander R. Pico
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel F. Jarosz
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Buchwalter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sina Ghaemmaghami
- Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Danielle L. Swaney
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Isha H. Jain
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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19
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Li S, Zhao J, Han G, Zhang X, Li N, Zhang Z. Silicon dioxide-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress of alveolar macrophages and its role on the formation of silicosis fibrosis: a review article. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:1024-1033. [PMID: 38145097 PMCID: PMC10734631 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a chronic lung inflammatory disease induced by long-term inhalation of high concentrations of silicon dioxide (SiO2), characterized by pulmonary fibrosis. Inhalation of silica invades alveolar macrophages (AMs) and changes the micro-environment of the cell, resulting in abnormal morphology and dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Once beyond the range of cell regulation, the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) will occur, which will lead to cell damage, necrosis, and apoptosis, eventually causing silicosis fibrosis through various mechanisms. This is a complex and delicate process accompanied by various macrophage-derived cytokines. Unfortunately, the details have not been systematically summarized yet. In this review, we systematically introduce the basic two processes: the process of inducing ERS by inhaling SiO2 and the process of inducing pulmonary fibrosis by ERS. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of the above two sequential events is also be discussed. We conclude that the ERS of alveolar macrophages caused by silica dust are involved deeply in the pathogenesis of silicosis. Therefore, changing the states of SiO2-induced ERS of macrophage may be an attractive therapeutic target for silicosis fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Baotong west Street 7166, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guizhi Han
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jianshe South Road 45, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
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20
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Cheong SS, Luis TC, Stewart M, Hillier R, Hind M, Dean CH. A method for TAT-Cre recombinase-mediated floxed allele modification in ex vivo tissue slices. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050267. [PMID: 37828896 PMCID: PMC10629676 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are used for a variety of applications. However, methods to manipulate genes in PCLS are currently limited. We developed a new method, TAT-Cre recombinase-mediated floxed allele modification in tissue slices (TReATS), to induce highly effective and temporally controlled gene deletion or activation in ex vivo PCLS. Treatment of PCLS from Rosa26-flox-stop-flox-EYFP mice with cell-permeant TAT-Cre recombinase induced ubiquitous EYFP protein expression, indicating successful Cre-mediated excision of the upstream loxP-flanked stop sequence. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed induction of EYFP. We successfully replicated the TReATS method in PCLS from Vangl2flox/flox mice, leading to the deletion of loxP-flanked exon 4 of the Vangl2 gene. Cre-treated Vangl2flox/flox PCLS exhibited cytoskeletal abnormalities, a known phenotype caused by VANGL2 dysfunction. We report a new method that bypasses conventional Cre-Lox breeding, allowing rapid and highly effective gene manipulation in ex vivo tissue models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sek-Shir Cheong
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tiago C. Luis
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Michelle Stewart
- The Mary Lyon Centre at MRC Harwell, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Rosie Hillier
- The Mary Lyon Centre at MRC Harwell, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Matthew Hind
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Charlotte H. Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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21
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Li Y, Han L, Li P, Ge J, Xue Y, Chen L. Potential network markers and signaling pathways for B cells of COVID-19 based on single-cell condition-specific networks. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:619. [PMID: 37853311 PMCID: PMC10583333 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09719-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the potential network markers and related signaling pathways of human B cells infected by COVID-19, we performed standardized integration and analysis of single-cell sequencing data to construct conditional cell-specific networks (CCSN) for each cell. Then the peripheral blood cells were clustered and annotated based on the conditional network degree matrix (CNDM) and gene expression matrix (GEM), respectively, and B cells were selected for further analysis. Besides, based on the CNDM of B cells, the hub genes and 'dark' genes (a gene has a significant difference between case and control samples not in a gene expression level but in a conditional network degree level) closely related to COVID-19 were revealed. Interestingly, some of the 'dark' genes and differential degree genes (DDGs) encoded key proteins in the JAK-STAT pathway, which had antiviral effects. The protein p21 encoded by the 'dark' gene CDKN1A was a key regulator for the COVID-19 infection-related signaling pathway. Elevated levels of proteins encoded by some DDGs were directly related to disease severity of patients with COVID-19. In short, the proteins encoded by 'dark' genes complement some missing links in COVID-19 and these signaling pathways played an important role in the growth and activation of B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
- Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, China
| | - Liqin Han
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
- Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, China
| | - Peiluan Li
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
- Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, 471003, Henan, China.
| | - Jing Ge
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun Xue
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201100, China.
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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22
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Phogat S, Thiam F, Al Yazeedi S, Abokor FA, Osei ET. 3D in vitro hydrogel models to study the human lung extracellular matrix and fibroblast function. Respir Res 2023; 24:242. [PMID: 37798767 PMCID: PMC10552248 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary extracellular matrix (ECM) is a macromolecular structure that provides mechanical support, stability and elastic recoil for different pulmonary cells including the lung fibroblasts. The ECM plays an important role in lung development, remodeling, repair, and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Biomechanical and biochemical signals produced by the ECM regulate the phenotype and function of various cells including fibroblasts in the lungs. Fibroblasts are important lung structural cells responsible for the production and repair of different ECM proteins (e.g., collagen and fibronectin). During lung injury and in chronic lung diseases such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an abnormal feedback between fibroblasts and the altered ECM disrupts tissue homeostasis and leads to a vicious cycle of fibrotic changes resulting in tissue remodeling. In line with this, using 3D hydrogel culture models with embedded lung fibroblasts have enabled the assessment of the various mechanisms involved in driving defective (fibrotic) fibroblast function in the lung's 3D ECM environment. In this review, we provide a summary of various studies that used these 3D hydrogel models to assess the regulation of the ECM on lung fibroblast phenotype and function in altered lung ECM homeostasis in health and in chronic respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Phogat
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - Fama Thiam
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - Safiya Al Yazeedi
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - Filsan Ahmed Abokor
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Twumasi Osei
- Department of Biology, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, 3187 University Way, ASC366, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada.
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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23
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Tian X, Jia Y, Guo Y, Liu H, Cai X, Li Y, Tian Z, Sun C. Fibroblast growth factor 2 acts as an upstream regulator of inhibition of pulmonary fibroblast activation. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1895-1909. [PMID: 37583315 PMCID: PMC10549223 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling plays a crucial role in lung development and repair. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) can inhibit fibrotic gene expression and suppress the differentiation of pulmonary fibroblasts (PFs) into myofibroblasts in vitro, suggesting that FGF2 is a potential target for inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis. To gain deeper insights into the molecular mechanism underlying FGF2-mediated regulation of PFs, we performed mRNA sequencing analysis to systematically and globally uncover the regulated genes and biological functions of FGF2 in PFs. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes regulated by FGF2 were enriched in multiple cellular functions including extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cytoskeleton formation, β-catenin-independent Wnt signaling pathway, supramolecular fiber organization, epithelial cell proliferation, and cell adhesion. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and cellular experiments confirmed that FGF2 can suppress ECM and actin filament organization and increase PFs proliferation. Taken together, these findings indicate that FGF2 acts as an upstream regulator of the inhibition of PFs activation and may play a regulatory role in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqin Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yonglong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated HospitalXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Hongyin Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xinhua Cai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolUK
| | - Zhuangzhuang Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
| | - Changye Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue RegenerationXinxiang Medical UniversityChina
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24
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Barbayianni I, Kanellopoulou P, Fanidis D, Nastos D, Ntouskou ED, Galaris A, Harokopos V, Hatzis P, Tsitoura E, Homer R, Kaminski N, Antoniou KM, Crestani B, Tzouvelekis A, Aidinis V. SRC and TKS5 mediated podosome formation in fibroblasts promotes extracellular matrix invasion and pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5882. [PMID: 37735172 PMCID: PMC10514346 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41614-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation and accumulation of lung fibroblasts resulting in aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix components, is a pathogenic hallmark of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, a lethal and incurable disease. In this report, increased expression of TKS5, a scaffold protein essential for the formation of podosomes, was detected in the lung tissue of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis patients and bleomycin-treated mice. Τhe profibrotic milieu is found to induce TKS5 expression and the formation of prominent podosome rosettes in lung fibroblasts, that are retained ex vivo, culminating in increased extracellular matrix invasion. Tks5+/- mice are found resistant to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, largely attributed to diminished podosome formation in fibroblasts and decreased extracellular matrix invasion. As computationally predicted, inhibition of src kinase is shown to potently attenuate podosome formation in lung fibroblasts and extracellular matrix invasion, and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting pharmacological targeting of podosomes as a very promising therapeutic option in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilianna Barbayianni
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Kanellopoulou
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Fanidis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Nastos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria-Dimitra Ntouskou
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Galaris
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaggelis Harokopos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Pantelis Hatzis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Eliza Tsitoura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Robert Homer
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Katerina M Antoniou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Department of Pulmonology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Argyrios Tzouvelekis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece.
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25
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Macklin M, Thompson C, Kawano-Dourado L, Bauer Ventura I, Weschenfelder C, Trostchansky A, Marcadenti A, Tighe RM. Linking Adiposity to Interstitial Lung Disease: The Role of the Dysfunctional Adipocyte and Inflammation. Cells 2023; 12:2206. [PMID: 37759429 PMCID: PMC10526202 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has functions beyond its principal functions in energy storage, including endocrine and immune functions. When faced with a surplus of energy, the functions of adipose tissue expand by mechanisms that can be both adaptive and detrimental. These detrimental adipose tissue functions can alter normal hormonal signaling and promote local and systemic inflammation with wide-ranging consequences. Although the mechanisms by which adipose tissue triggers metabolic dysfunction and local inflammation have been well described, little is known about the relationship between adiposity and the pathogenesis of chronic lung conditions, such as interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this review, we detail the conditions and mechanisms by which adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional and relate this dysfunction to inflammatory changes observed in various forms of ILD. Finally, we review the existing basic and clinical science literature linking adiposity to ILD, highlighting the need for additional research on the mechanisms of adipocyte-mediated inflammation in ILD and its clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Macklin
- Section of Rheumatology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Chelsea Thompson
- Section of Rheumatology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Leticia Kawano-Dourado
- Hcor Research Institute (IP-Hcor), Hcor, São Paulo 04004-050, Brazil; (L.K.-D.); (A.M.)
- Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Weschenfelder
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology), Cardiology Institute, University Foundation of Cardiology (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil;
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay;
| | - Aline Marcadenti
- Hcor Research Institute (IP-Hcor), Hcor, São Paulo 04004-050, Brazil; (L.K.-D.); (A.M.)
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology), Cardiology Institute, University Foundation of Cardiology (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (FSP-USP), São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Robert M. Tighe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
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26
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Han D, Chen R, Kan H, Xu Y. The bio-distribution, clearance pathways, and toxicity mechanisms of ambient ultrafine particles. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2023; 2:95-106. [PMID: 38074989 PMCID: PMC10702920 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Ambient particles severely threaten human health worldwide. Compared to larger particles, ultrafine particles (UFPs) are highly concentrated in ambient environments, have a larger specific surface area, and are retained for a longer time in the lung. Recent studies have found that they can be transported into various extra-pulmonary organs by crossing the air-blood barrier (ABB). Therefore, to understand the adverse effects of UFPs, it is crucial to thoroughly investigate their bio-distribution and clearance pathways in vivo after inhalation, as well as their toxicological mechanisms. This review highlights emerging evidence on the bio-distribution of UFPs in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary organs. It explores how UFPs penetrate the ABB, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the placental barrier (PB) and subsequently undergo clearance by the liver, kidney, or intestine. In addition, the potential underlying toxicological mechanisms of UFPs are summarized, providing fundamental insights into how UFPs induce adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Han
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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27
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Apostolo D, Ferreira LL, Di Tizio A, Ruaro B, Patrucco F, Bellan M. A Review: The Potential Involvement of Growth Arrest-Specific 6 and Its Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Lung Damage and in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2038. [PMID: 37630598 PMCID: PMC10459962 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptors of the TAM family-Tyro3, Axl and Mer-and their main ligand Gas6 (growth arrest-specific 6) have been implicated in several human diseases, having a particularly important role in the regulation of innate immunity and inflammatory response. The Gas6/TAM system is involved in the recognition of apoptotic debris by immune cells and this mechanism has been exploited by viruses for cell entry and infection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-systemic disease, but the lungs are particularly affected during the acute phase and some patients may suffer persistent lung damage. Among the manifestations of the disease, fibrotic abnormalities have been observed among the survivors of COVID-19. The mechanisms of COVID-related fibrosis remain elusive, even though some parallels may be drawn with other fibrotic diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Due to the still limited number of scientific studies addressing this question, in this review we aimed to integrate the current knowledge of the Gas6/TAM axis with the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying COVID-19, with emphasis on the development of a fibrotic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Apostolo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.A.); (L.L.F.); (A.D.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Luciana L. Ferreira
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.A.); (L.L.F.); (A.D.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Alice Di Tizio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.A.); (L.L.F.); (A.D.T.); (M.B.)
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Medical Department, AOU Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruaro
- Pulmonology Department, University of Trieste, 34128 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Filippo Patrucco
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Medical Department, AOU Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.A.); (L.L.F.); (A.D.T.); (M.B.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, Medical Department, AOU Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
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28
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Kundu AN, Dougan CE, Mahmoud S, Kilic A, Panagiotou A, Richbourg N, Irakoze N, Peyton SR. Tenascin-C Activation of Lung Fibroblasts in a 3D Synthetic Lung Extracellular Matrix Mimic. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301493. [PMID: 37227134 PMCID: PMC10528529 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The lung extracellular matrix (ECM) maintains the structural integrity of the tissue and regulates the phenotype and functions of resident fibroblasts. Lung-metastatic breast cancer alters these cell-ECM interactions, promoting fibroblast activation. There is a need for bio-instructive ECM models that match the ECM composition and biomechanics of the lung to study these cell-matrix interactions in vitro. Here, a synthetic, bioactive hydrogel is synthesized that mimics the native lung modulus and includes a representative distribution of the most abundant ECM peptide motifs responsible for integrin-binding and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated degradation in the lung, which enables quiescent culture of human lung fibroblasts (HLFs). Stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), metastatic breast cancer conditioned media (CM), or tenascin-C-derived integrin-binding peptide activated hydrogel-encapsulated HLFs demonstrates multiple environmental methods to activate HLFs in a lung ECM-mimicking hydrogel. This lung hydrogel platform is a tunable, synthetic approach to studying the independent and combinatorial effects of ECM in regulating fibroblast quiescence and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Nath Kundu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Carey E. Dougan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Samar Mahmoud
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Alara Kilic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Alexi Panagiotou
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Nathan Richbourg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Ninette Irakoze
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Shelly R. Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 240 Thatcher Way, Life Sciences Laboratory N531, Amherst, MA 01003
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Patel U, Susman D, Allan AL. Influence of Extracellular Vesicles on Lung Stromal Cells during Breast Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11801. [PMID: 37511559 PMCID: PMC10380344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prominent cause of cancer diagnosis and death in women globally, with over 90% of deaths being attributed to complications that arise from metastasis. One of the common locations for breast cancer metastasis is the lung, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Curative treatments for metastatic breast cancer patients are not available and the molecular mechanisms that underlie lung metastasis are not fully understood. In order to better treat these patients, identifying events that occur both prior to and during metastatic spread to the lung is essential. Several studies have demonstrated that breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles secreted from the primary breast tumor play a key role in establishing the lung pre-metastatic niche to support colonization of metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize recent work supporting the influence of extracellular vesicles on stromal components of the lung to construct the pre-metastatic niche and support metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the potential clinical applications of utilizing extracellular vesicles for diagnosis and treatment. Together, this review highlights the dynamic nature of extracellular vesicles, their roles in breast cancer metastasis to the lung, and their value as potential biomarkers and therapeutics for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvi Patel
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - David Susman
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Alison L Allan
- Departments of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
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30
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Xu L, Hu W, Zhang J, Qu J. Knockdown of versican 1 in lung fibroblasts aggravates Lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammation through up-regulation of the SP1-Toll-like Receptor 2-NF-κB Axis: a potential barrier to promising Versican-targeted therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110406. [PMID: 37311354 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Versican participates in various pathological processes like inflammation and fibrosis and is a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. Versican 1 (V1) has increased expression in inflammatory diseases, but its role is unclear. We explored the effects of V1 on acute lung inflammation to determine whether targeting V1 had therapeutic potential. METHODS Human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL1) was transfected with or without V1-inhibiting lentivirus and treated with LPS. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, V1, cellular signaling pathway and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) were detected by qPCR, ELISA and western blot. The migration and adhesion of neutrophils and monocytes to HFL1s were performed. The activity of transcriptional factors was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Inflammatory factors increased dramatically and continuously with V1 knockdown and LPS stimulation (P < 0.01), orchestrating migration of inflammatory cells and an enhanced inflammatory reaction. V1-knockdown increased TLR2 (P < 0.01) and activated the NF-κB pathway, which was partially reversed with a TLR2 neutralizing antibody and an NF-κB inhibitor. Explosion of LPS-induced inflammation was induced by knockdown of V1 via the SP1-TLR2-NF-κB axis. CONCLUSION Increased expression of V1 might be protective in acute inflammation, and an infection-induced cytokine storm might be a severe complication of V1-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing General Hospital and Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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31
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Kundu AN, Dougan CE, Mahmoud S, Kilic A, Panagiotou A, Irakoze N, Richbourg N, Peyton SR. Tenascin-C activation of lung fibroblasts in a 3D synthetic lung extracellular matrix mimic. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.24.529926. [PMID: 36865293 PMCID: PMC9980292 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The lung extracellular matrix (ECM) maintains the structural integrity of the tissue and regulates the phenotype and functions of resident fibroblasts. Lung-metastatic breast cancer alters these cell-ECM interactions, promoting fibroblast activation. There is a need for bio-instructive ECM models that contain the ECM composition and biomechanics of the lung to study these cell-matrix interactions in vitro . Here, we developed a synthetic, bioactive hydrogel that mimics the native lung modulus, and includes a representative distribution of the most abundant ECM peptide motifs responsible for integrin binding and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated degradation in the lung, which promotes quiescence of human lung fibroblasts (HLFs). Stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), metastatic breast cancer conditioned media (CM), or tenascin-C activated these hydrogel-encapsulated HLFs in a manner reflective of their native in vivo responses. We propose this lung hydrogel platform as a tunable, synthetic approach to study the independent and combinatorial effects of ECM in regulating fibroblast quiescence and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Nath Kundu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Carey E. Dougan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Samar Mahmoud
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Alara Kilic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Alexi Panagiotou
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Ninette Irakoze
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Nathan Richbourg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Shelly R. Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 240 Thatcher Way, Life Sciences Laboratory N531, Amherst, MA 01003
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32
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Sánchez-Sánchez JL, Ader I, Jeanson Y, Planat-Benard V, Vellas B, Casteilla L, de Souto-Barreto P. Periostin Plasma Levels and Changes on Physical and Cognitive Capacities in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:424-432. [PMID: 36373873 PMCID: PMC9977245 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periostin, involved in extracellular matrix development and support, has been shown to be elevated in senescent tissues and fibrotic states, transversal signatures of aging. We aimed to explore associations between plasma periostin and physical and cognitive capacity evolution among older adults. Our hypothesis was that higher levels of plasma periostin will be associated with worse physical and mental capacities along time. Analyses included 1 096 participants (mean age = 75.3 years ± 4.4; 63.9% women) from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial. Periostin levels (pg/mL) were measured in plasma collected at year 1. Periostin was used in continuous variable, and as a dichotomous variable highest quartile (POSTN+) versus lowest 3 quartiles (POSTN-) were used. Outcomes were measured annually over 4 years and included: gait speed (GS), short physical performance battery (SPPB) score, 5-times sit-to-stand test (5-STS), and handgrip strength (HS) as physical and cognitive composite z-score (CCS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as cognitive endpoints. Plasma periostin as a continuous variable was associated with the worsening of physical and cognitive capacities over 4 years of follow-up, specifically the SPPB score, the 5-STS, and CCS in full-adjusted models. POSTN+ was associated with worse evolution in the physical (GS: [β = -0.057, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.101, -0.013], SPPB score [β = -0.736, 95% CI = -1.091, -0.381], 5-STS [β = 1.681, 95% CI = 0.801, 2.561]) as well as cognitive (CCS [β = -0.215, 95% CI = -0.335, -0.094]) domains compared to POSTN- group. No association was found with HS or the MMSE score. Our study showed for the first time that increased plasma periostin levels were associated with declines in both physical and cognitive capacities in older adults over a 4-year follow-up. Further research is needed to evaluate whether periostin might be used as a predictive biomarker of functional decline at an older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luis Sánchez-Sánchez
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isabelle Ader
- Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, INSERM U1301, France
| | - Yannick Jeanson
- Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, INSERM U1301, France
| | - Valérie Planat-Benard
- Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, INSERM U1301, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,CERPOP, INSERM 1295, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, INSERM U1301, France
| | - Philipe de Souto-Barreto
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,CERPOP, INSERM 1295, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Cunningham R, Jia S, Purohit K, Salem O, Hui NS, Lin Y, Carragher NO, Hansen CG. YAP/TAZ activation predicts clinical outcomes in mesothelioma and is conserved in in vitro model of driver mutations. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1190. [PMID: 36740402 PMCID: PMC9899629 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway is dysregulated across a wide range of cancer types and, although driver mutations that directly affect the core Hippo components are rare, a handful is found within pleural mesothelioma (PM). PM is a deadly disease of the lining of the lung caused by asbestos exposure. By pooling the largest-scale clinical datasets publicly available, we here interrogate associations between the most prevalent driver mutations within PM and Hippo pathway disruption in patients, while assessing correlations with a variety of clinical markers. This analysis reveals a consistent worse outcome in patients exhibiting transcriptional markers of YAP/TAZ activation, pointing to the potential of leveraging Hippo pathway transcriptional activation status as a metric by which patients may be meaningfully stratified. Preclinical models recapitulating disease are transformative in order to develop new therapeutic strategies. We here establish an isogenic cell-line model of PM, which represents the most frequently mutated genes and which faithfully recapitulates the molecular features of clinical PM. This preclinical model is developed to probe the molecular basis by which the Hippo pathway and key driver mutations affect cancer initiation and progression. Implementing this approach, we reveal the role of NF2 as a mechanosensory component of the Hippo pathway in mesothelial cells. Cellular NF2 loss upon physiological stiffnesses analogous to the tumour niche drive YAP/TAZ-dependent anchorage-independent growth. Consequently, the development and characterisation of this cellular model provide a unique resource to obtain molecular insights into the disease and progress new drug discovery programs together with future stratification of PM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Cunningham
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Siyang Jia
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Krishna Purohit
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Omar Salem
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Ning Sze Hui
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Yue Lin
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Neil O. Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Scotland CentreInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Carsten Gram Hansen
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchInstitute for Regeneration and RepairEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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Growth Factor Binding Peptides in Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate (PEGDA)-Based Hydrogels for an Improved Healing Response of Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Gels 2022; 9:gels9010028. [PMID: 36661794 PMCID: PMC9857753 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth factors (GF) are critical cytokines in wound healing. However, the direct delivery of these biochemical cues into a wound site significantly increases the cost of wound dressings and can lead to a strong immunological response due to the introduction of a foreign source of GFs. To overcome this challenge, we designed a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel with the potential capacity to sequester autologous GFs directly from the wound site. We demonstrated that synthetic peptide sequences covalently tethered to PEGDA hydrogels physically retained human transforming growth factor beta 1 (hTGFβ1) and human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) at 3.2 and 0.6 ng/mm2, respectively. In addition, we demonstrated that retained hTGFβ1 and hVEGF enhanced human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) average cell surface area and proliferation, respectively, and that exposure to both GFs resulted in up to 1.9-fold higher fraction of area covered relative to the control. After five days in culture, relative to the control surface, non-covalently bound hTGFβ1 significantly increased the expression of collagen type I and hTGFβ1 and downregulated vimentin and matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression. Cumulatively, the response of HDFa to hTGFβ1 aligns well with the expected response of fibroblasts during the early stages of wound healing.
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35
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Markers of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Lung Transplant: Between Old Knowledge and Future Perspective. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123277. [PMID: 36552035 PMCID: PMC9775233 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the most common form of CLAD and is characterized by airflow limitation and an obstructive spirometric pattern without high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) evidence of parenchymal opacities. Computed tomography and microCT analysis show abundant small airway obstruction, starting from the fifth generation of airway branching and affecting up to 40-70% of airways. The pathogenesis of BOS remains unclear. It is a multifactorial syndrome that leads to pathological tissue changes and clinical manifestations. Because BOS is associated with the worst long-term survival in LTx patients, many studies are focused on the early identification of BOS. Markers may be useful for diagnosis and for understanding the molecular and immunological mechanisms involved in the onset of BOS. Diagnostic and predictive markers of BOS have also been investigated in various biological materials, such as blood, BAL, lung tissue and extracellular vesicles. The aim of this review was to evaluate the scientific literature on markers of BOS after lung transplant. We performed a systematic review to find all available data on potential prognostic and diagnostic markers of BOS.
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36
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Griffin KH, Fok SW, Kent Leach J. Strategies to capitalize on cell spheroid therapeutic potential for tissue repair and disease modeling. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 36494368 PMCID: PMC9734656 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies offer a tailorable, personalized treatment for use in tissue engineering to address defects arising from trauma, inefficient wound repair, or congenital malformation. However, most cell therapies have achieved limited success to date. Typically injected in solution as monodispersed cells, transplanted cells exhibit rapid cell death or insufficient retention at the site, thereby limiting their intended effects to only a few days. Spheroids, which are dense, three-dimensional (3D) aggregates of cells, enhance the beneficial effects of cell therapies by increasing and prolonging cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling. The use of spheroids is currently under investigation for many cell types. Among cells under evaluation, spheroids formed of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are particularly promising. MSC spheroids not only exhibit increased cell survival and retained differentiation, but they also secrete a potent secretome that promotes angiogenesis, reduces inflammation, and attracts endogenous host cells to promote tissue regeneration and repair. However, the clinical translation of spheroids has lagged behind promising preclinical outcomes due to hurdles in their formation, instruction, and use that have yet to be overcome. This review will describe the current state of preclinical spheroid research and highlight two key examples of spheroid use in clinically relevant disease modeling. It will highlight techniques used to instruct the phenotype and function of spheroids, describe current limitations to their use, and offer suggestions for the effective translation of cell spheroids for therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Griffin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Shierly W Fok
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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37
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Caracena T, Blomberg R, Hewawasam RS, Fry ZE, Riches DWH, Magin CM. Alveolar epithelial cells and microenvironmental stiffness synergistically drive fibroblast activation in three-dimensional hydrogel lung models. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:7133-7148. [PMID: 36366982 PMCID: PMC9729409 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00827k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease that progressively and irreversibly alters the lung parenchyma, eventually leading to respiratory failure. The study of this disease has been historically challenging due to the myriad of complex processes that contribute to fibrogenesis and the inherent difficulty in accurately recreating the human pulmonary environment in vitro. Here, we describe a poly(ethylene glycol) PEG hydrogel-based three-dimensional model for the co-culture of primary murine pulmonary fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells that reproduces the micro-architecture, cell placement, and mechanical properties of healthy and fibrotic lung tissue. Co-cultured cells retained normal levels of viability up to at least three weeks and displayed differentiation patterns observed in vivo during IPF progression. Interrogation of protein and gene expression within this model showed that myofibroblast activation required both extracellular mechanical cues and the presence of alveolar epithelial cells. Differences in gene expression indicated that cellular co-culture induced TGF-β signaling and proliferative gene expression, while microenvironmental stiffness upregulated the expression of genes related to cell-ECM interactions. This biomaterial-based cell culture system serves as a significant step forward in the accurate recapitulation of human lung tissue in vitro and highlights the need to incorporate multiple factors that work together synergistically in vivo into models of lung biology of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Caracena
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, USA.
| | - Rachel Blomberg
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, USA.
| | - Rukshika S Hewawasam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, USA.
| | - Zoe E Fry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, USA.
| | - David W H Riches
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
- Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - Chelsea M Magin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
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Christenson JL, Williams MM, Richer JK. The underappreciated role of resident epithelial cell populations in metastatic progression: contributions of the lung alveolar epithelium. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1777-C1790. [PMID: 36252127 PMCID: PMC9744653 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00181.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer is difficult to treat and is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. After cancer cells initiate metastasis and successfully seed a distant site, resident cells in the tissue play a key role in determining how metastatic progression develops. The lung is the second most frequent site of metastatic spread, and the primary site of metastasis within the lung is alveoli. The most abundant cell type in the alveolar niche is the epithelium. This review will examine the potential contributions of the alveolar epithelium to metastatic progression. It will also provide insight into other ways in which alveolar epithelial cells, acting as immune sentinels within the lung, may influence metastatic progression through their various interactions with cells in the surrounding microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Christenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michelle M Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jennifer K Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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Wang H, Zhang W, Liu R, Zheng J, Yao X, Chen H, Wang J, Weber HC, Qin X, Xiang Y, Liu C, Liu H, Pan L, Qu X. Lack of bombesin receptor-activated protein attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/11/e202201368. [PMID: 35820707 PMCID: PMC9275683 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced autophagic activity in fibroblasts due to lack of BRAP homologous protein might contribute to the resistance to pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Bombesin receptor–activated protein (BRAP) was found to express in the interstitial cells of human fibrotic lungs with unknown function. Its homologous protein, encoded by BC004004 gene, was also present in mouse lung tissues. We used BC004004−/− mice which lack BRAP homologous protein expression to establish a bleomycin-induced lung fibrotic model. After bleomycin treatment, BC004004−/− mice exhibited attenuation of pulmonary injury and less pulmonary fibrosis. Fibroblasts from BC004004−/− mice proliferated at a lower rate and produced less collagen. Autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) was identified as a partner interacting with human BRAP. Lacking BRAP homologous protein led to enhanced autophagy activity in mouse lung tissues as well as in isolated lung fibroblasts, indicating a negative regulatory role of this protein in autophagy via interaction with ATG5. Enhanced autophagy process in fibroblasts due to lack of BRAP homologous protein might contribute to the resistance of BC004004−/− mice to pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rujiao Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaoyun Zheng
- Department of Pathlogy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueping Yao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Horst Christian Weber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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40
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Li Q, Cheng Y, Zhang Z, Bi Z, Ma X, Wei Y, Wei X. Inhibition of ROCK ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing M2 macrophage polarisation through phosphorylation of STAT3. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1036. [PMID: 36178087 PMCID: PMC9523675 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence provides mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and rare anti-PF therapeutic method has promising effect in its treatment. Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCK) inhibition significantly ameliorates bleomycin-induced PF and decreases macrophage infiltration, but the mechanism remains unclear. We established bleomycin and radiation-induced PF to identify the activity of WXWH0265, a newly designed unselective ROCK inhibitor in regulating macrophages. METHODS Bleomycin-induced PF was induced by intratracheal instillation and radiation-induced PF was induced by bilateral thoracic irradiation. Histopathological techniques (haematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemistry) and hydroxyproline were used to evaluate PF severity. Western blot, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were used to verify their therapeutic effect. Clodronate liposomes were applied to deplete macrophages and to identify the therapeutic effect of WXWH0265. RESULTS Therapeutic administration of ROCK inhibitor ameliorates bleomycin-induced PF by inhibiting M2 macrophages polarisation. ROCK inhibitor showed no significant anti-fibrotic effect in macrophages-depleted mice. Treatment with WXWH0265 demonstrated superior protection effect in bleomycin-induced PF compared with positive drugs. In radiation-induced PF, ROCK inhibitor effectively ameliorated PF. Fibroblasts co-cultured with supernatant from various M2 macrophages phenotypes revealed that M2 macrophages stimulated by interleukin-4 promoted extracellular matrix production. Polarisation of M2 macrophages was inhibited by ROCK inhibitor treatment in vitro. The p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in lung tissue and BMDMs was significantly decreased in PF in vivo and vitro after treated with ROCK inhibitors. CONCLUSION Inhibiting ROCK could significantly attenuate bleomycin- and radiation-induced PF by regulating the macrophages polarisation via phosphorylation of STAT3. WXWH0265 is a kind of efficient unselective ROCK inhibitor in ameliorating PF. Furthermore, the results provide empirical evidence that ROCK inhibitor, WXWH0265 is a potential drug to prevent the development of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Li
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
| | - Zhenfei Bi
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPR China
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Xu Z, Zhou T, Wang Y, Zhu L, Tu J, Xu Z, Li L, Li Y. Integrated PPI- and WGCNA-retrieval of hub gene signatures for soft substrates inhibition of human fibroblasts proliferation and differentiation. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:6957-6974. [PMID: 36057261 PMCID: PMC9512501 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts (FBs) are the most important functional cells in the process of wound repair, and their functions can be activated by different signals at the pathological site. Although wound repair is associated with microenvironmental stiffness, the effect of matrix stiffness on FBs remains elusive. In this study, TGF-β1 was used to mimic the fibrotic environment under pathological conditions. We found that the soft substrates made FBs slender compared with tissue culture plastic, and the main altered biological function was the inhibition of proliferation and differentiation ability. Through PPI and WGCNA analysis, 63 hub genes were found, including GADD45A, CDKN3, HIST2H3PS2, ACTB, etc., which may be the main targets of soft substrates affecting the proliferation and differentiation of FBs. Our findings not only provide a more detailed report on the effect of matrix stiffness on the function of human skin FBs, but also may provide new intervention ideas for improving scars and other diseases caused by excessive cell proliferation, with potential clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- The First Norman Bethune Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Leijie Zhu
- The Third Norman Bethune Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jihao Tu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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VandenHeuvel SN, Farris HA, Noltensmeyer DA, Roy S, Donehoo DA, Kopetz S, Haricharan S, Walsh AJ, Raghavan S. Decellularized organ biomatrices facilitate quantifiable in vitro 3D cancer metastasis models. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5791-5806. [PMID: 35894795 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01796a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancers are chemoresistant, involving complex interplay between disseminated cancer cell aggregates and the distant organ microenvironment (extracellular matrix and stromal cells). Conventional metastasis surrogates (scratch/wound healing, Transwell migration assays) lack 3D architecture and ECM presence. Metastasis studies can therefore significantly benefit from biomimetic 3D in vitro models recapitulating the complex cascade of distant organ invasion and colonization by collective clusters of cells. We aimed to engineer reproducible and quantifiable 3D models of highly therapy-resistant cancer processes: (i) colorectal cancer liver metastasis; and (ii) breast cancer lung metastasis. Metastatic seeds are engineered using 3D tumor spheroids to recapitulate the 3D aggregation of cancer cells both in the tumor and in circulation throughout the metastatic cascade of many cancers. Metastatic soil was engineered by decellularizing porcine livers and lungs to generate biomatrix scaffolds, followed by extensive materials characterization. HCT116 colorectal and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer spheroids were generated on hanging drop arrays to initiate clustered metastatic seeding into liver and lung biomatrix scaffolds, respectively. Between days 3-7, biomatrix cellular colonization was apparent with increased metabolic activity and the presence of cellular nests evaluated via multiphoton microscopy. HCT116 and MDA-MB-231 cells colonized liver and lung biomatrices, and at least 15% of the cells invaded more than 20 μm from the surface. Engineered metastases also expressed increased signatures of genes associated with the metastatic epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Importantly, inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibited metastatic invasion into the biomatrix. Furthermore, metastatic nests were significantly more chemoresistant (>3 times) to the anti-cancer drug oxaliplatin, compared to 3D spheroids. Together, our data indicated that HCT116 and MDA-MB-231 spheroids invade, colonize, and proliferate in livers and lungs establishing metastatic nests in 3D settings in vitro. The metastatic nature of these cells was confirmed with functional readouts regarding EMT and chemoresistance. Modeling the dynamic metastatic cascade in vitro has potential to identify therapeutic targets to treat or prevent metastatic progression in chemoresistant metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather A Farris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dillon A Noltensmeyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sanjana Roy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Del A Donehoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Svasti Haricharan
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alex J Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Shreya Raghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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Layer-by-Layer Fabrication of PAH/PAMAM/Nano-CaCO3 Composite Films and Characterization for Enhanced Biocompatibility. Int J Biomater 2022; 2022:6331465. [PMID: 36105714 PMCID: PMC9467823 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6331465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle production and functionalization for various biomedical uses are still challenging. Polymer composites constituted of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM), polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH), and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles have good biocompatibility with physiological tissue and fluids, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. This study investigated the characteristics of polymeric/nano-CaCO3 composite films based on a PAH/PAMAM matrix, which were fabricated through layer-by-layer synthesis on quartz glass substrates. It was found that the as-prepared elastic moduli of the resultant (PAH/PAMAM)n-CaCO3 (where n represents the number of bilayers) composite films varied from 1.40 to 23.70 GPa for different degrees of cross-linking when 0.1 M nano-CaCO3 particles were incorporated into the polymer matrix. The highly cross-linked (PAH/PAMAM)15-CaCO3 composite film had the highest recorded elastic modulus of 23.70 GPa, while it was observed that for all the composite films fabricated for the present study, the addition of the nano-CaCO3 particles approximately doubled the elastic modulus regardless of the degree of polymerization. Live/Dead assays were used to determine whether the produced composite films were compatible with human lung fibroblast cells. The findings indicate that the (PAH/PAMAM)7.5-CaCO3 composite film had the most positive effect on cell growth and proliferation, with the (PAH/PAMAM)15-CaCO3 composite film demonstrating significant ion transport behavior with low impedance, which was considered good for in vivo rapid cell-to-cell communication. Therefore, the (PAH/PAMAM)7.5-CaCO3 and (PAH/PAMAM)15-CaCO3 composite films are potential tissue engineering biomaterials, but further studies are essential to generate more data to evaluate the suitability of these composites for this and other biomedical functions.
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Szychowski KA, Skóra B, Pomianek T. Effect of the elastin-derived peptides (VGVAPG and VVGPGA) on breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113149. [PMID: 35598370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues are subjected to dynamic communication between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in ECM remodeling. One of the ECM components is elastin, which releases elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) during the aging process. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the VGVAPG hexapeptide and elastin-like peptide VVGPGA (control) on certain metabolism parameters in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines. The results did not show a significant effect of the peptides on metabolic activity and caspase-3 activity. However, more specific analysis revealed that VGVAPG and VVGPGA were able to increase KI67 protein expression in both tested cell lines after 24-h treatment. Moreover, the same correlation was observed at the KI67 gene level. VGVAPG also increased the P53, ATM and SHH gene expression in the A549 cells up to 19.08%, 20.74%, and 28.77%, respectively. Interestingly, the VGVAPG peptide exerted an effect on the expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD2 and CAT in the A549 and MCF-7 cells, especially after the 24-h treatment. Lastly, both peptides influenced the CAV1 and CLTC1 expression. Our results show that the tested EDPs have an effect on both A549 and MCF-7 cells at the cellular level. This may be correlated with the multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenotype in these cancer cells, which is an emerging problem in the current anticancer treatment. However, more research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pomianek
- Department of Management, Management College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, Rzeszow 35-225, Poland
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Suki B, Bates JHT, Bartolák-Suki E. Remodeling of the Aged and Emphysematous Lungs: Roles of Microenvironmental Cues. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3559-3574. [PMID: 35766835 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a slow process that affects all organs, and the lung is no exception. At the alveolar level, aging increases the airspace size with thicker and stiffer septal walls and straighter and thickened collagen and elastic fibers. This creates a microenvironment that interferes with the ability of cells in the parenchyma to maintain normal homeostasis and respond to injury. These changes also make the lung more susceptible to disease such as emphysema. Emphysema is characterized by slow but progressive remodeling of the deep alveolar regions that leads to airspace enlargement and increased but disorganized elastin and collagen deposition. This remodeling has been attributed to ongoing inflammation that involves inflammatory cells and the cytokines they produce. Cellular senescence, another consequence of aging, weakens the ability of cells to properly respond to injury, something that also occurs in emphysema. These factors conspire to make alveolar walls more prone to mechanical failure, which can set emphysema in motion by driving inflammation through immune stimulation by protein fragments. Both aging and emphysema are influenced by microenvironmental conditions such as local inflammation, chemical makeup, tissue stiffness, and mechanical stresses. Although aging and emphysema are not equivalent, they have the potential to influence each other in synergistic ways; aging sets up the conditions for emphysema to develop, while emphysema may accelerate cellular senescence and thus aging itself. This article focuses on the similarities and differences between the remodeled microenvironment of the aging and emphysematous lung, with special emphasis on the alveolar septal wall. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3559-3574, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason H T Bates
- Depatment of Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Aloufi N, Namkung Y, Traboulsi H, Wilson ET, Laporte SA, Kaplan BL, Ross MK, Nair P, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Standardized Cannabis Smoke Extract Induces Inflammation in Human Lung Fibroblasts. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:852029. [PMID: 35418857 PMCID: PMC8996138 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.852029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis (marijuana) is the most commonly used illicit product in the world and is the second most smoked plant after tobacco. There has been a rapid increase in the number of countries legalizing cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Smoking cannabis in the form of a joint is the most common mode of cannabis consumption. Combustion of cannabis smoke generates many of the same chemicals as tobacco smoke. Although the impact of tobacco smoke on respiratory health is well-known, the consequence of cannabis smoke on the respiratory system and, in particular, the inflammatory response is unclear. Besides the combustion products present in cannabis smoke, cannabis also contains cannabinoids including Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These compounds are hydrophobic and not present in aqueous solutions. In order to understand the impact of cannabis smoke on pathological mechanisms associated with adverse respiratory outcomes, the development of in vitro surrogates of cannabis smoke exposure is needed. Therefore, we developed a standardized protocol for the generation of cannabis smoke extract (CaSE) to investigate its effect on cellular mechanisms in vitro. First, we determined the concentration of Δ9-THC, one of the major cannabinoids, by ELISA and found that addition of methanol to the cell culture media during generation of the aqueous smoke extract significantly increased the amount of Δ9-THC. We also observed by LC-MS/MS that CaSE preparation with methanol contains CBD. Using a functional assay in cells for CB1 receptors, the major target of cannabinoids, we found that this CaSE contains Δ9-THC which activates CB1 receptors. Finally, this standardized preparation of CaSE induces an inflammatory response in human lung fibroblasts. This study provides an optimized protocol for aqueous CaSE preparation containing biologically active cannabinoids that can be used for in vitro experimentation of cannabis smoke and its potential impact on various indices of pulmonary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Aloufi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yoon Namkung
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily T. Wilson
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephane A. Laporte
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Barbara L.F. Kaplan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
| | - Matthew K. Ross
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University and St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - David H. Eidelman
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Aydemir D, Malik AN, Kulac I, Basak AN, Lazoglu I, Ulusu NN. Impact of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Disease on the Biomechanical Properties and Oxidative Stress Metabolism of the Lung Tissue Correlated With the Human Mutant SOD1G93A Protein Accumulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:810243. [PMID: 35284425 PMCID: PMC8914018 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.810243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease, and ALS incidence is increasing worldwide. Patients with ALS have respiratory failure at the disease’s end stages, leading to death; thus, the lung is one of the most affected organs during disease progression. Tissue stiffness increases in various lung diseases because of impaired extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis leading to tissue damage and dysfunction at the end. According to the literature, oxidative stress is the major contributor to ECM dysregulation, and mutant protein accumulation in ALS have been reported as causative to tissue damage and oxidative stress. In this study, we used SOD1G93A and SOD1WT rats and measured lung stiffness of rats by using a custom-built stretcher, where H&E staining is used to evaluate histopathological changes in the lung tissue. Oxidative stress status of lung tissues was assessed by measuring glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) levels. Western blot experiments were performed to evaluate the accumulation of the SOD1G93A mutated protein. As a result, increased lung stiffness, decreased antioxidant status, elevated levels of oxidative stress, impaired mineral and trace element homeostasis, and mutated SOD1G93A protein accumulation have been found in the mutated rats even at the earlier stages, which can be possible causative of increased lung stiffness and tissue damage in ALS. Since lung damage has altered at the very early stages, possible therapeutic approaches can be used to treat ALS or improve the life quality of patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Aydemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anjum Naeem Malik
- Manufacturing and Automation Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kulac
- Department of Pathology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nazli Basak
- Suna and İnan Kirac Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, NDAL-KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Lazoglu
- Manufacturing and Automation Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Nuray Ulusu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Nuriye Nuray Ulusu,
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Panzetta V, Musella I, Fusco S, Netti PA. ECM Mechanoregulation in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:797900. [PMID: 35237573 PMCID: PMC8883334 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.797900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a relatively rare, but devastating tumor, because of the difficulties in providing early diagnosis and effective treatments with conventional chemo- and radiotherapies. Patients usually present pleural effusions that can be used for diagnostic purposes by cytological analysis. This effusion cytology may take weeks or months to establish and has a limited sensitivity (30%-60%). Then, it is becoming increasingly urgent to develop alternative investigative methods to support the diagnosis of mesothelioma at an early stage when this cancer can be treated successfully. To this purpose, mechanobiology provides novel perspectives into the study of tumor onset and progression and new diagnostic tools for the mechanical characterization of tumor tissues. Here, we report a mechanical and biophysical characterization of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells as additional support to the diagnosis of pleural effusions. In particular, we examined a normal mesothelial cell line (Met5A) and two epithelioid mesothelioma cell lines (REN and MPP89), investigating how malignant transformation can influence cellular function like proliferation, cell migration, and cell spreading area with respect to the normal ones. These alterations also correlated with variations in cytoskeletal mechanical properties that, in turn, were measured on substrates mimicking the stiffness of patho-physiological ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Panzetta
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Musella
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Naples, Italy
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Park K, Kim K, Ryu TY, Lee J, Lee MS, Son MY, Lee SJ, Park YJ, Cho HS, Kim DS. Cellular response of lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells to particulate matter 10 treatment examined via comparative transcriptome analysis. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:82. [PMID: 35029293 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) can be categorized by particle size (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0), which is an important factor affecting the biological response. Exposure to PM in the air (dust, smoke, dirt and biological contaminants) is clearly associated with lung disease (lung cancer, pneumonia and asthma). Although PM primarily affects lung epithelial cells, the specific response of related cell types to PM remains to be elucidated. The present study performed Gene Ontology (GO) analysis programs (Clustering GO and Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery) on differentially expressed genes in lung epithelial cells (WI‑38 VA‑13) and fibroblasts (WI‑38) following treatment with PM10 and evaluated the cell‑specific biological responses related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion and extracellular matrix production. The results suggested that short‑ or long‑term exposure to PM may affect cell condition and may consequently be related to several human diseases, including lung cancer and cardiopulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhyang Park
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangho Kim
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Ryu
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkwon Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Seung Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Son
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Jin Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Soo Kim
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Role of Human Antigen R (HuR) in the Regulation of Pulmonary ACE2 Expression. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010022. [PMID: 35011584 PMCID: PMC8750694 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with COPD may be at an increased risk for severe illness from COVID-19 because of ACE2 upregulation, the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, the main risk factor for COPD, increases pulmonary ACE2. How ACE2 expression is controlled is not known but may involve HuR, an RNA binding protein that increases protein expression by stabilizing mRNA. We hypothesized that HuR would increase ACE2 protein expression. We analyzed scRNA-seq data to profile ELAVL1 expression in distinct respiratory cell populations in COVID-19 and COPD patients. HuR expression and cellular localization was evaluated in COPD lung tissue by multiplex immunohistochemistry and in human lung cells by imaging flow cytometry. The regulation of ACE2 expression was evaluated using siRNA-mediated knockdown of HuR. There is a significant positive correlation between ELAVL1 and ACE2 in COPD cells. HuR cytoplasmic localization is higher in smoker and COPD lung tissue; there were also higher levels of cleaved HuR (CP-1). HuR binds to ACE2 mRNA but knockdown of HuR does not change ACE2 protein levels in primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs). Our work is the first to investigate the association between ACE2 and HuR. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanistic underpinning behind the regulation of ACE2 expression.
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