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Wang Y, Chen X, Qian W, Chen T, Zhang S, Zhang W. Determination of trace morphine and its metabolites in mouse urine using a TpBD functionalized bivalve magnetic nano-adsorbent. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1748-1755. [PMID: 38437029 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00080c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a new type of covalent organic framework (TpBD) functionalized bivalved magnetic microsphere (TpBD-DS MNS) adsorbent was applied for the enrichment and detection of trace morphine and its metabolites in mouse urine. The main factors affecting the efficiency of magnetic solid phase extraction were optimized, and the optimal MSPE conditions were obtained. Combined with the UPLC-MS/MS technique, a new method for determining trace morphine and its metabolites in urine was established. The detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) limits for morphine and its metabolites ranged from 0.16 pg mL-1 to 0.53 pg mL-1 and 0.26 pg mL-1 to 1.25 pg mL-1, respectively. The recovery of the methods ranged from 87.4-97.3%, and the RSD was less than 5%. By employing this methodology, we successfully obtained the temporal change curve of morphine and its metabolites in mouse urine through collection and measurement post intravenous administration of morphine. This approach not only presents a novel means for investigating pharmacokinetics and drug monitoring but also demonstrates significant potential in the fields of forensic toxicology and drug abuse surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Wenping Qian
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Tianqi Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.
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2
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De Rosa F, Giannatiempo B, Charlier B, Coglianese A, Mensitieri F, Gaudino G, Cozzolino A, Filippelli A, Piazza O, Dal Piaz F, Izzo V. Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2088. [PMID: 37631302 PMCID: PMC10457775 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects every aspect of a patient's life and which may be treated through different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Analgesics are the drugs most commonly used to treat pain, and in specific situations, the use of opioids may be considered with caution. These drugs, in fact, do not always induce optimal analgesia in patients, and several problems are associated with their use. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the pharmacological approaches currently used for the management of chronic pain. We review several aspects, from the pain-scale-based methods currently available to assess the type and intensity of pain, to the most frequently administered drugs (non-narcotic analgesics and narcotic analgesics), whose pharmacological characteristics are briefly reported. Overall, we attempt to provide an overview of different pharmacological treatments while also illustrating the relevant guidelines and indications. We then report the strategies that may be used to reduce problems related to opioid use. Specifically, we focus our attention on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), a tool that could help clinicians select the most suitable drug and dose to be used for each patient. The actual potential of using TDM to optimize and personalize opioid-based pain treatments is finally discussed based on recent scientific reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
| | - Bruno Giannatiempo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Bruno Charlier
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
| | - Albino Coglianese
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesca Mensitieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Giulia Gaudino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Armando Cozzolino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Amelia Filippelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Ornella Piazza
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Viviana Izzo
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
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3
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Simão AY, Monteiro C, Marques H, Rosado T, Margalho C, Barroso M, Andraus M, Gallardo E. Analysis of opiates in urine using microextraction by packed sorbent and gas Chromatography- Tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1207:123361. [PMID: 35849978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Opiates recreational consumption has always been a concern in society, public health, and in clinical toxicology analysis. The aim of this study was to develop and fully validate an analytical method, which was simple and rapid for the determination of tramadol, codeine, morphine, 6- acetylcodeine, 6-monoacetylmorphine and fentanyl using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The procedure includes the use of microextraction by packed sorbent for sample clean-up. A mixed mode sorbent was used, allowing the minimal use of solvents. The method was validated in urine samples, with the ability to detect and quantify all analytes with satisfactory linearity (in the range of 1 - 1000 ng/mL for all analytes, except for fentanyl (10-1000 ng/mL)). Extraction efficiency varied from 17 to 107%, which did not impair sensitivity, taking into account the low LLOQs obtained (1 ng/ mL for all analytes; and 10 ng/mL for fentanyl). The developed procedure proved to be fast, selective, and accurate for use in routine analysis, with a low volume of sample (250 µL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Y Simão
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI) Covilhã, Portugal; Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Catarina Monteiro
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI) Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Hernâni Marques
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI) Covilhã, Portugal; Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rosado
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI) Covilhã, Portugal; Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; C4 - Centro de Competências em Cloud Computing da Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Margalho
- Serviço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses - Delegação do Centro, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mário Barroso
- Serviço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses - Delegação do Sul, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI) Covilhã, Portugal; Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Kumar N, Rana M, Geiwitz M, Khan NI, Catalano M, Ortiz-Marquez JC, Kitadai H, Weber A, Dweik B, Ling X, van Opijnen T, Argun AA, Burch KS. Rapid, Multianalyte Detection of Opioid Metabolites in Wastewater. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3704-3714. [PMID: 35201755 PMCID: PMC9949512 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By monitoring opioid metabolites, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) could be an excellent tool for real-time information on the consumption of illicit drugs. A key limitation of WBE is the reliance on costly laboratory-based techniques that require substantial infrastructure and trained personnel, resulting in long turnaround times. Here, we present an aptamer-based graphene field effect transistor (AptG-FET) platform for simultaneous detection of three different opioid metabolites. This platform provides a reliable, rapid, and inexpensive method for quantitative analysis of opioid metabolites in wastewater. The platform delivers a limit of detection 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than previous reports, but in line with the concentration range (pg/mL to ng/mL) of these opioid metabolites present in real samples. To enable multianalyte detection, we developed a facile, reproducible, and high-yield fabrication process producing 20 G-FETs with integrated side gate platinum (Pt) electrodes on a single chip. Our devices achieved the selective multianalyte detection of three different metabolites: noroxycodone (NX), 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP), and norfentanyl (NF) in wastewater diluted 20× in buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Kumar
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Muhit Rana
- Giner Inc., Newton, Massachusetts 02466, United States
| | - Michael Geiwitz
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | | | - Matthew Catalano
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Juan C Ortiz-Marquez
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Hikari Kitadai
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Andrew Weber
- Giner Inc., Newton, Massachusetts 02466, United States
| | - Badawi Dweik
- Giner Inc., Newton, Massachusetts 02466, United States
| | - Xi Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Tim van Opijnen
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Avni A Argun
- Giner Inc., Newton, Massachusetts 02466, United States
| | - Kenneth S Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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5
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Ansari S, Masoum S. A hybrid imprinted polymer based on magnetic graphene oxide and carbon dots for ultrasonic assisted dispersive solid-phase microextraction of oxycodone. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Jakobsson G, Gréen H, Kronstrand R. Oxycodone Concentrations and Metabolic Ratios in Femoral Blood from Fatal Intoxications and Other Causes of Death using LC-MS-MS. J Anal Toxicol 2021; 45:124-133. [PMID: 32435814 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxycodone (OC) is an opioid with strong analgesic effects widely used to treat acute and chronic pain. Interpretation of OC concentrations in postmortem cases is complicated due to tolerance and overlapping concentrations for fatal and non-fatal levels. In this study, our aim was to develop and validate a method for OC and its three metabolites: noroxycodone (NOC), oxymorphone (OM) and noroxymorphone (NOM) in postmortem femoral blood. Our goal was to define reference concentrations for intoxications and non-intoxications and investigate metabolic ratios in different causes of death. A rapid LC-MS-MS method using protein-precipitated postmortem blood was developed. Lower limit of quantitation was 0.005 μg/g blood for all analytes; upper limit of quantitation was 1.0 μg/g for OC and NOC and 0.25 μg/g for OM and NOM. The method displayed high precision (3.3-7.7%) and low bias (-0.3 to 12%). In total, 192 cases were analyzed and concentrations ranged from 0.005 to 13 μg/g for OC, 0.005 to 2.0 μg/g for NOC, 0.005 to 0.24 μg/g for OM, and 0.005 to 0.075 μg/g for NOM. We found a significant difference in OC concentration between the cases where OC contributed and those where it did not. In spite of that, we do not recommend the use of a specific blood concentration to distinguish fatal intoxications. Instead, the percentiles from our data set suggest that concentrations >0.2 μg/g are likely to have contributed to toxicity, but that concentrations as high as 0.3 might be tolerated without toxic effects. In addition, we also found that a low NOC/OC ratio could point toward an acute fatal intoxication. In conclusion, the OC concentration alone may not be sufficient to diagnose a fatal intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Jakobsson
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Gréen
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Robert Kronstrand
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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7
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Zhuang T, Jin J, Ma Y, Ren X, Liang L, Du W, Liu B, Liu X, Zhang G. Structural elucidation and synthesis of a dimeric degradation impurity during long-term stability studies of oxycodone hydrochloride injection. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unknown degradation product (impurity-I) observed in oxycodone hydrochloride injection was proposed as an oxycodone aldol dimer using 2D LC-QTOF MS/MS, and impurity-I was synthesized and verified by 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhuang
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jian Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xia Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lingzhi Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Wei Du
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bifeng Liu
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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8
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Truver MT, Jakobsson G, Chermà MD, Swortwood MJ, Gréen H, Kronstrand R. The Quantification of Oxycodone and its Phase I and II Metabolites in Urine. J Anal Toxicol 2020; 46:55-63. [PMID: 33270113 PMCID: PMC8841981 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop and validate an analytical method for the detection and quantification of noroxymorphone-3β-D-glucuronide (NOMG), oxymorphone-3β-D-glucuronide (NOMG), noroxymorphone (NOM), oxymorphone (OM), 6α-oxycodol (αOCL), 6β-oxycodol (βOCL), noroxycodone (NOC) and oxycodone (OC) in urine by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to be used in a human study. The method was validated according to the Academy Standards Board Standard Practices for Method Development in Forensic Toxicology. The method was then applied to a single-dose pilot study of a subject. Urine samples were collected from the subject after ingesting 10-mg OC as an immediate-release tablet. Additionally, urine specimens (n = 15) that had previously been confirmed positive for OC were analyzed using the validated method. The calibration range for NOMG and OMG was 0.05–10 μg/mL; for all other analytes, it was 0.015–10 μg/mL. Validation parameters such as bias, precision, carryover and dilution integrity, all met the validation criteria. After the method was validated, urine samples from the first subject in the controlled dose study were analyzed. It was observed that OC, NOC and OMG contained the highest concentrations and were present in either the 0.5 or 1 h void. NOC and OMG were detected until the 48 h collection, while OC was detectable till the 24 h collection. Time to reach maximum concentration (Tmax) in the urine was achieved within 1.5 h for OC and within 3 h for NOC and OMG. Maximum concentration (Cmax) in the urine for OC, NOC and OMG was 3.15, 2.0 and 1.56 μg/mg, respectively. OC concentrations in authentic urines ranged from 0.015 to 12 μg/mL. Ranges for NOMG and OMG were 0.054–9.7 μg/mL and 0.14–67 μg/mL, respectively. A comprehensive method for the quantification of NOMG, OMG, NOM, OM, αOCL, βOCL, NOC and OC in urine was optimized and met the validation criteria. The concentrations of NOMG and OMG presented in this study provide the details needed in the forensic community to better comprehend OC pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Truver
- Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gerd Jakobsson
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria D Chermà
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Madeleine J Swortwood
- Department of Forensic Science, College of Criminal Justice, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Henrik Gréen
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Robert Kronstrand
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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9
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Pilli NR, Narayanasamy S, Xu L, Chockalingam A, Shea KI, Stewart S, Rouse R, Patel V, Matta MK. A high-throughput bioanalytical assay to support pharmacokinetic interaction study of oxycodone and diazepam in Sprague Dawley rats. RSC Adv 2020; 10:886-896. [PMID: 35494453 PMCID: PMC9047970 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzodiazepines potentiate respiratory depression when combined with an opioid leading the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to recommend updating the labels of these products with a boxed warning for respiratory depression with co-use. Potential respiratory depression upon co-administration of opioids with some psychotropic drugs is not well understood. The FDA is currently investigating various psychotropic drug interactions with the commonly used opioid, oxycodone, in a rat model assessing respiratory depression. Pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) interaction between oxycodone and diazepam was evaluated in a positive control arm of these experiments. Understanding the systemic exposure of these drugs alone and in combination exposures was used to identify PK/PD interactions. The authors developed a simple, high throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) assay for the simultaneous determination of oxycodone and diazepam in rat plasma. Sample preparation was performed in 96-well protein precipitation plates using acetonitrile. Processed samples were analyzed using a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase composed of 2 mM aqueous ammonium formate with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. A Thermo TSQ Quantum Ultra AM triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to acquire data. The method was validated for selectivity, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy, dilution integrity and stability. The validated LC-MS/MS assay was utilized for quantifying oxycodone and diazepam in concomitantly treated Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. A high-throughput bioanalytical method for the simulataneous determination of oxycodone and diazepam to support the evaluation of respiratory depression in rats upon co-administration of oxycodone and diazepam.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageswara R. Pilli
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Suresh Narayanasamy
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Lin Xu
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Ashok Chockalingam
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Katherine I. Shea
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Sharron Stewart
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Rodney Rouse
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Vikram Patel
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
| | - Murali K. Matta
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology
- Office of Translational Sciences
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Food and Drug Administration
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10
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Rotolo MC, Pellegrini M, Martucci P, Giacobbe R, De Palma A, Pacifici R, Pichini S, Busardò FP, Bisconti M. Cannabinoids determination in bronchoalveolar lavages of cannabis smokers with lung disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57:498-503. [PMID: 30231009 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Cannabis smoke affects the lungs similarly to tobacco smoke, causing symptoms such as increased cough, sputum, hyperinflation and chronic bronchitis. Chronic use can also cause serious lung diseases and airway obstruction. We developed and validated a method for the identification and quantification of cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its metabolites 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH) in bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) from hospitalized former or current tobacco smoking patients with lung disease and a long history of cannabis consumption and limited current tobacco use. Methods For the extraction of cannabinoids from BALs, a 1 mL sample was added with 300 µL of 0.1 N NaOH and 3 mL of hexane/ethyl acetate (9:1). The solvent was then evaporated to dryness. Trimethylsilyl derivatives were prepared and then analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results The method was linear for the analytes under investigation with coefficients of determination of at least 0.99. Absolute analytical recovery was always better than 80%, imprecision and inaccuracy was always under 15%. Six cases out of 15 were positive for THC, CBN and CBD. In two BALs samples, the presence of 11-OH-THC was also measured while THC-COOH was not detected. In the six positive cases, the last cannabis smoking occurred in the previous 2-14 days. Conclusions This is the first time that cannabinoids have been detected in BALs, demonstrating the presence of a drug with its metabolites in a target organ of consumers who present with a lung disease. This occurrence let us hypothesize a role of cannabinoids in the development of the disease and prompted an investigation on possible associations between cannabis smoking and clinical outcomes in patients with lung disease and eventually evaluate a cytotoxic effect of cannabinoids themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Pellegrini
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Martucci
- Bronchial Endoscopy Department AORNA, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaela Giacobbe
- Bronchial Endoscopy Department AORNA, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela De Palma
- Thoracic Surgery Department, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Pacifici
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Pichini
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Busardò
- Associate Professor of Forensic Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Department of Legal Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Bisconti
- Thoracic Surgery Department, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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11
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Fernandez-Lopez L, Pellegrini M, Rotolo MC, Luna Maldonado A, Falcon M, Mancini R. Development and validation of a method for analysing of duloxetine, venlafaxine and amitriptyline in human bone. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 299:154-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Narayanasamy S, Pilli NR, Xu L, Chockalingam A, Shea KI, Stewart S, Patel V, Rouse R, Matta MK. An alternating polarity switching assay for quantification of oxycodone and topiramate: An application of LC-MS/MS method in support to PK/PD study in rodents. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1118-1119:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Cardia L, Calapai G, Quattrone D, Mondello C, Arcoraci V, Calapai F, Mannucci C, Mondello E. Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology of Hydrocodone for Chronic Pain: A Mini Review. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1122. [PMID: 30327606 PMCID: PMC6174210 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrocodone is one of the most prescribed oral analgesic drugs and it is one of the most abused drugs in general population. It is a mu-opioid agonist predominantly metabolized to the O-demethylated product hydromorphone and to the N-demethylated product norhydrocodone. The purpose of the study is to summarize the preclinical and clinical characteristics of hydrocodone. Pharmacokinetic aspect (terminal half-life, maximum serum concentration, and time to maximum serum concentration) of hydrocodone and the influence of metabolic genetic polymorphism in analgesic response to hydrocodone are also illustrated and commented. Literature on experimental preclinical pharmacology investigating analgesic activity in laboratory animals is furtherly discussed. Moreover, the authors discuss and comment on the updated data regarding safety profile and effectiveness of hydrocodone in the treatment of chronic pain. A bibliographic research was carried out (from February 01, 2018 to August 28, 2018) independently by two researchers (blinded to the authors and initially on results) in the major scientific databases and research engines of peer-reviewed literature on life sciences and biomedical topics, starting from January 1990 to August 2018. Analysis of results of clinical studies suggests that abuse-deterrent extended-release (ER) hydrocodone formulations can be effective and they are well tolerated in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Weaker is the evidence of the analgesic effectiveness of ER hydrocodone on other chronic pain syndromes and non-cancer non-neuropathic chronic pain. In these conditions, hydrocodone showed to have positive effects in non-controlled open studies and needs to be further studied to assess the real strength of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Cardia
- Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino" - Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino" - Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Quattrone
- Pain Therapy Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Bianchi Melacrino Morelli-Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Cristina Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino" - Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arcoraci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino" - Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Pharma.Ca Research Facility (Centro Studi Pharma.Ca), Messina, Italy
| | - Carmen Mannucci
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino" - Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Epifanio Mondello
- Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino" - Messina, Messina, Italy
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14
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Lu W, Zhao S, Gong M, Sun L, Ding L. Simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and oxycodone in human plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Anal 2018; 8:160-167. [PMID: 29922484 PMCID: PMC6004620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple and rapid liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and oxycodone in human plasma. Acetaminophen-d4 and oxycodone-d3 were used as internal standards. The challenge encountered in the method development that the high plasma concentration level of acetaminophen made the MS response saturated while the desired lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for oxycodone was hard to reach was well solved. The analytes were extracted by protein precipitation using acetonitrile. The matrix effect of the analytes was avoided by chromatographic separation using a hydrophilic C18 column coupled with gradient elution. Multiple reaction monitoring in positive ion mode was performed on tandem mass spectrometer employing electrospray ion source. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranges of 40.0–8000 ng/mL and 0.200–40.0 ng/mL for acetaminophen and oxycodone, respectively. This method, which could contribute to high throughput analysis and better clinical drug monitoring, was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Nanjing Clinical Tech Laboratories Inc., 18 Zhilan Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211000, PR China
| | - Shunbo Zhao
- Nanjing Clinical Tech Laboratories Inc., 18 Zhilan Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211000, PR China
| | - Meng Gong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Nanjing Clinical Tech Laboratories Inc., 18 Zhilan Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211000, PR China
| | - Luning Sun
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Nanjing Clinical Tech Laboratories Inc., 18 Zhilan Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211000, PR China
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