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Baltos JA, Casillas-Espinosa PM, Rollo B, Gregory KJ, White PJ, Christopoulos A, Kwan P, O'Brien TJ, May LT. The role of the adenosine system in epilepsy and its comorbidities. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2143-2157. [PMID: 37076128 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most serious and common chronic neurological conditions, characterised by recurrent hypersynchronous electrical activity in the brain that lead to seizures. Despite over 50 million people being affected worldwide, only ~70% of people with epilepsy have their seizures successfully controlled with current pharmacotherapy, and many experience significant psychiatric and physical comorbidities. Adenosine, a ubiquitous purine metabolite, is a potent endogenous anti-epileptic substance that can abolish seizure activity via the adenosine A1 G protein-coupled receptor. Activation of A1 receptors decreases seizure activity in animal models, including models of drug-resistant epilepsy. Recent advances have increased our understanding of epilepsy comorbidities, highlighting the potential for adenosine receptors to modulate epilepsy-associated comorbidities, including cardiovascular dysfunction, sleep and cognition. This review provides an accessible resource of the current advances in understanding the adenosine system as a therapeutic target for epilepsy and epilepsy-associated comorbidities. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Therapeutic Targeting of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: hot topics from the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists 2021 Virtual Annual Scientific Meeting. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Anne Baltos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Rollo
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen J Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J White
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Neuromedicines Discovery Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren T May
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Gutierrez A, Taffe MA. Persistent effects of repeated adolescent and adult heroin vapor inhalation in female Wistar rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.592492. [PMID: 38765990 PMCID: PMC11100616 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.592492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent drug exposure has been associated with more severe mental health outcomes related to substance abuse and anxiety disorders. The aim of the present study was to contrast the long-term effects of repeated heroin vapor inhalation during adolescence with similar heroin exposure in adulthood. Groups of female Wistar rats underwent twice daily 30-minute sessions of heroin or propylene glycol (control) vapor inhalation from postnatal days (PND) 36-45 or PND 85-94, respectively. Nociception was assessed after vapor inhalation sessions and forty days later, for the Adolescent-Exposed and Adult-Exposed groups. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed with an elevated plus-maze (EPM) and spatial learning was assessed with a Barnes maze. Acute effects of naloxone (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) and heroin (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) on thermal nociception were determined on PND 140/189 and PND 149/198, respectively. Repeated heroin vapor inhalation produced anti-nociceptive tolerance across sessions in both adolescent and adult rats, with the adolescents exhibiting more complete tolerance. Heroin vapor inhalation produced anxiolytic effects, regardless of age of exposure. There were no effects of heroin on spatial learning. Naloxone produced acute hyperalgesia in all but the Adolescent-Exposed heroin group, and heroin anti-nociception was blunted in both heroin-exposed groups at the highest heroin dose. Repeated heroin vapor inhalation can produce lasting effects on nociception and anxiety-like behavior that persist for months after the exposure. Importantly, these findings suggest that adolescent exposure to heroin vapor produces specific effects on nociception that are not observed when exposure occurs in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Gutierrez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Taffe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA, USA
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Zhu Y, Yan P, Wang R, Lai J, Tang H, Xiao X, Yu R, Bao X, Zhu F, Wang K, Lu Y, Dang J, Zhu C, Zhang R, Dang W, Zhang B, Fu Q, Zhang Q, Kang C, Chen Y, Chen X, Liang Q, Wang K. Opioid-induced fragile-like regulatory T cells contribute to withdrawal. Cell 2023; 186:591-606.e23. [PMID: 36669483 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the immune system is a cardinal feature of opioid addiction. Here, we characterize the landscape of peripheral immune cells from patients with opioid use disorder and from healthy controls. Opioid-associated blood exhibited an abnormal distribution of immune cells characterized by a significant expansion of fragile-like regulatory T cells (Tregs), which was positively correlated with the withdrawal score. Analogously, opioid-treated mice also showed enhanced Treg-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ) expression. IFN-γ signaling reshaped synaptic morphology in nucleus accumbens (NAc) neurons, modulating subsequent withdrawal symptoms. We demonstrate that opioids increase the expression of neuron-derived C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2) and disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity through the downregulation of astrocyte-derived fatty-acid-binding protein 7 (Fabp7), which both triggered peripheral Treg infiltration into NAc. Our study demonstrates that opioids drive the expansion of fragile-like Tregs and favor peripheral Treg diapedesis across the BBB, which leads to IFN-γ-mediated synaptic instability and subsequent withdrawal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Zhu
- National Biosafety Evidence Foundation, Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710115, China
| | - Peng Yan
- National Biosafety Evidence Foundation, Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710115, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jianghua Lai
- National Biosafety Evidence Foundation, Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710115, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710117, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Rongshan Yu
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Xiaorui Bao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Kena Wang
- National Biosafety Evidence Foundation, Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710115, China
| | - Ye Lu
- National Biosafety Evidence Foundation, Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710115, China
| | - Jie Dang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wei Dang
- The Sixth Ward, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, Shannxi 710100, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- National Biosafety Evidence Foundation, Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710115, China
| | - Quanze Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chongao Kang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qing Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Kejia Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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Khani F, Pourmotabbed A, Veisi M, Hosseinmardi N, Fathollahi Y, Azizi H. Adolescent morphine exposure impairs dark avoidance memory and synaptic potentiation of ventral hippocampal CA1 during adulthood in rats. Life Sci 2023; 314:121344. [PMID: 36587788 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a neurobiological critical period for neurodevelopmental processes. Adolescent opioid exposure can affect cognitive abilities via regional-specific lasting changes in brain structure and function. The current study was therefore designed to assess the long-term effects of adolescent morphine exposure on dark avoidance memory and synaptic plasticity of the ventral hippocampal CA1. Adolescent Wistar rats received escalating doses of morphine for 10 days. Morphine injections were started with an incremental dose of 2.5 mg/kg to reach a dose of 25 mg/kg. 30 days after the last injection, inhibitory memory and in vitro field potential recording were evaluated. Also, the weight of the animals was measured during drug and post-drug exposure. We found that adolescent morphine exposure decreased weight gain during morphine and post-morphine exposure. Passive avoidance memory was impaired in the morphine group. Moreover, adolescent morphine exposure caused an increase in baseline synaptic responsiveness and failed long-term potentiation (LTP) in the ventral hippocampal CA1 during adulthood. In the morphine group, the mean values of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) slopes required to elicit a half-maximal population spike (PS) amplitude were significantly greater than that of the saline group. Therefore, adolescent morphine exposure has a durable effect on memory functions, synaptic activity, and plasticity of ventral hippocampal CA1. Adults with adolescent morphine exposures may experience maladaptive behaviors and cognitive disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Pourmotabbed
- Department of Physiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Veisi
- Department of Physiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Hosseinmardi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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High Morphine Use Disorder Susceptibility Is Predicted by Impaired Learning Ability in Mice. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121650. [PMID: 36552110 PMCID: PMC9776386 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
An obvious reason for substance uses disorders (SUDs) is drug craving and seeking behavior induced by conditioned context, which is an abnormal solid context memory. The relationship between susceptibility to SUD and learning ability remains unclear in humans and animal models. In this study, we found that susceptibility to morphine use disorder (MUD) was negatively correlated with learning ability in conditioned place preference (CPP) in C57 mice. By using behavioral tests, we identified the FVB mouse as learning impaired. In addition, we discovered that learning-relevant proteins, such as the glutamate receptor subunits GluA1, NR1, and NR2A, were decreased in FVB mice. Finally, we assessed the context learning ability of FVB mice using the CPP test and priming. We found that FVB mice had lower learning performance with respect to normal memory but higher performance of morphine-reinstatement memory. Compared to C57 mice, FVB mice are highly sensitive to MUDs. Our results suggest that SUD susceptibility is predicted by impaired learning ability in mice; therefore, learning ability can play a simple and practical role in identifying high-risk SUD groups.
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Khani F, Pourmotabbed A, Hosseinmardi N, Nedaei SE, Fathollahi Y, Azizi H. Impairment of spatial memory and dorsal hippocampal synaptic plasticity in adulthood due to adolescent morphine exposure. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 116:110532. [PMID: 35149126 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Opioid exposure during adolescence, a crucial period of neurodevelopment, has lasting neurological and behavioral consequences and affects the cognitive functions in adulthood. This study investigated the effects of adolescent morphine exposure in spatial learning and memory and synaptic plasticity of the CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus. Adolescent Wistar rats received increasing doses of morphine for 1, 5, and 10 days. Acute morphine group was injected 2.5 mg/kg morphine for 1 day, subchronic morphine group for 5 days, with an increasing dose of 2.5 mg/kg and reached to the dose of 12.5 mg/kg and chronic morphine group for 10 days that began with an increasing dose of 2.5 mg/kg and reached to the dose of 25 mg/kg. Then after 25 days and reaching adulthood, spatial learning and memory were evaluated via the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Moreover, we test the electrophysiological properties of dorsal hippocampal plasticity in adult rats by in vitro field potential recordings. Subchronic and chronic adolescent morphine exposure impaired spatial learning and memory in the MWM test. Baseline synaptic responses in the chronic morphine group were increased and long-term potentiation (LTP) impaired in the CA1 area in subchronic and chronic morphine groups. In adulthood, the slope of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) required to elicit a half-maximal population spike (PS) amplitude was significantly larger in subchronic and chronic adolescent morphine exposure compared to the saline group. Therefore, subchronic and chronic adolescent morphine exposure altered synaptic transmission and plasticity in addition to learning and memory. Long-term morphine exposure during adolescence can interfere with neurodevelopment, making a persistent impression on plasticity and cognitive capability in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Pourmotabbed
- Department of Physiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Hosseinmardi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ershad Nedaei
- Department of Physiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Iman IN, Ahmad NAZ, Mohd Yusof NA, Talib UN, Norazit A, Kumar J, Mehat MZ, Hassan Z, Müller CP, Muzaimi M. Mitragynine (Kratom)-Induced Cognitive Impairments in Mice Resemble Δ9-THC and Morphine Effects: Reversal by Cannabinoid CB 1 Receptor Antagonism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:708055. [PMID: 34603022 PMCID: PMC8481666 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kratom is a widely abused plant-based drug preparation with a global interest in recent years, well beyond its native grounds in Southeast Asia. Mitragynine, its major psychoactive constituent is known to exhibit opioid-like behavioral effects with resultant neuroplasticity in the brain reward system. Its chronic administration is associated with cognitive impairments in animal studies. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for such a deficit remains elusive. In this study, the involvement of cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptors in cognitive deficits after chronic mitragynine exposures was investigated for 28 days (with incremental dose sensitization from 1 to 25 mg/kg) in adult male Swiss albino mice using the IntelliCage® system. Chronic high-dose mitragynine exposure (5–25 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]), but not low-dose exposure (1–4 mg/kg, i.p.), induced hyperlocomotion, potentiated the preference for sucrose reward, increased resistance to punishment, and impaired place learning and its reversal. Comparable deficits were also observed after chronic treatments with Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) or morphine (5 mg/kg, subcutaneous). Mitragynine-, morphine-, and THC-induced learning and memory deficits were reversed by co-treatment with the CB1 receptor antagonist, NIDA-41020 (10 mg/kg, i.p.). A significant upregulation of CB1 receptor expression was found in the hippocampal CA1 region and ventral tegmental area after chronic high-dose mitragynine and morphine, whereas a downregulation was observed after chronic THC. In conclusion, the present study suggests a plausible role of the CB1 receptor in mediating the dose-dependent cognitive deficits after chronic high-dose mitragynine exposure. This also highlights the potential of CB1 receptor antagonism in ameliorating the cognitive deficits associated with long-term kratom/mitragynine consumption in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Nurul Iman
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aimi Zawami Ahmad
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aiman Mohd Yusof
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Ummi Nasrah Talib
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Norazit
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Zulfadli Mehat
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Hassan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Christian P Müller
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia.,Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mustapha Muzaimi
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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Azadi M, Zare M, Pachenari N, Shojaei A, Semnanian S, Azizi H. Sex-specific transgenerational effects of adolescent morphine exposure on short-term memory and anxiety behavior: Male linage. Neurosci Lett 2021; 761:136111. [PMID: 34271134 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current estimates indicate that opioid use and misuse are a rising epidemic, which presents a substantial socioeconomic burden around the world. Chronic opioid consumption, specifically during the critical period of adolescence, can lead to enduring effects not only in individuals but also in future generations. Utilizing rodent model, we have previously reported the impacts of paternal exposure to chronic morphine during adolescence on neurobehavioral features in progenies. Currently, the potential transgenerational effects of paternal morphine exposure during adolescence on anxiety-like behavior and short-term memory remains unknown. Male Wistar rats were exposed to increasing doses of morphine for ten days in adolescence (PND 30-39). Thereafter, following a 30-days drug-free period, the treated male rats mated with naïve females. The anxiety-like behavior and short-term memory performance were assessed in adult male and female offspring (PND 60) using open field and Y-maze tests. Both male and female progenies of morphine-treated sires revealed a significant reduction in the movement velocity compared to progenies of saline-treated sires as measured by open field test. Morphine-sired male but not female offspring also showed a non-significant large decreasing effect on time spent in the center and frequency of entries to the center of open field box. Moreover, a significant reduction in the number of entries and percent of time spent in the novel arm was observed in male and female morphine-sired offspring, as measured using Y-maze test. Growth outcomes also did not demonstrate any difference in the number of dam's fertility, pups birth, and death between morphine-sired and saline-sired groups in both sexes. Collectively, paternal exposure to morphine during adolescence induces sex-specific and selective disturbances in short-term memory while anxiety-like behavior was slightly disturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Pachenari
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Iman IN, Yusof NAM, Talib UN, Ahmad NAZ, Norazit A, Kumar J, Mehat MZ, Jayabalan N, Muthuraju S, Stefaniuk M, Kaczmarek L, Muzaimi M. The IntelliCage System: A Review of Its Utility as a Novel Behavioral Platform for a Rodent Model of Substance Use Disorder. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:683780. [PMID: 34149373 PMCID: PMC8211779 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.683780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of animal models for substance use disorder (SUD) has made an important contribution in the investigation of the behavioral and molecular mechanisms underlying substance abuse and addiction. Here, we review a novel and comprehensive behavioral platform to characterize addiction-like traits in rodents using a fully automated learning system, the IntelliCage. This system simultaneously captures the basic behavioral navigation, reward preference, and aversion, as well as the multi-dimensional complex behaviors and cognitive functions of group-housed rodents. It can reliably capture and track locomotor and cognitive pattern alterations associated with the development of substance addiction. Thus, the IntelliCage learning system offers a potentially efficient, flexible, and sensitive tool for the high-throughput screening of the rodent SUD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Nurul Iman
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aiman Mohd Yusof
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Ummi Nasrah Talib
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aimi Zawami Ahmad
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Norazit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Zulfadli Mehat
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Translational Neuroscience Lab, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sangu Muthuraju
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Marzena Stefaniuk
- BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Kaczmarek
- BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mustapha Muzaimi
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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10
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Kiashemshaki B, Safakhah HA, Ghanbari A, Khaleghian A, Miladi-Gorji H. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma reduces symptoms of morphine-induced dependence and spontaneous withdrawal in rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2021; 47:170-181. [PMID: 33497577 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1865995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chronic morphine induces physical and psychological dependence signs. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma has been shown to have anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antinociceptive properties and to alleviate naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs.Objectives: Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effects of saffron aqueous extract on the severity of physical-psychological dependence, voluntary morphine consumption, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serotonin levels following locomotor sensitization in morphine-dependent rats and in rats undergoing morphine withdrawal.Materials: Adult male rats were treated with morphine (10 mg/kg, sc twice daily) for 10 days. Rats received saffron extract (60 mg/kg, ip) daily, during the induction of morphine dependence and/or withdrawal. Then, rats were tested for spontaneous withdrawal signs, anxiety using the elevated plus-maze, depression using sucrose preference test, and voluntary morphine consumption using a two-bottle choice paradigm, and then challenged with morphine (1 mg/kg, ip) to evaluate of locomotor sensitization and CSF serotonin levels.Results: The results showed saffron extract during induction of morphine dependence decreased the severity of withdrawal signs (P = .05), while it had no effect on anxiety and depression-like behaviors. Saffron extract during morphine withdrawal exhibited an increase in the percentage (or ratio) of open/total arm entries (P = .017), higher levels of sucrose preference (P = .0001), a lower morphine preference ratio (P = .02) and also, a decrease in locomotor activity (P = .004) and an increase in the CSF serotonin levels (P = .041) in rats challenged to morphine.Conclusions: Saffron extract may exert a protective effect against morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in rats, probably through increasing serotonin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyamin Kiashemshaki
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein-Ali Safakhah
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Khaleghian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Miladi-Gorji
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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11
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Xu K, Wang M, Zhou W, Pu J, Wang H, Xie P. Chronic D-ribose and D-mannose overload induce depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:90. [PMID: 33531473 PMCID: PMC7854712 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of different forms of monosaccharides on the brain remain unclear, though neuropsychiatric disorders undergo changes in glucose metabolism. This study assessed cell viability responses to five commonly consumed monosaccharides-D-ribose (RIB), D-glucose, D-mannose (MAN), D-xylose and L-arabinose-in cultured neuro-2a cells. Markedly decreased cell viability was observed in cells treated with RIB and MAN. We then showed that high-dose administration of RIB induced depressive- and anxiety-like behavior as well as spatial memory impairment in mice, while high-dose administration of MAN induced anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment only. Moreover, significant pathological changes were observed in the hippocampus of high-dose RIB-treated mice by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Association analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome suggested that the anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment induced by RIB and MAN may be attributed to the changes in four metabolites and 81 genes in the hippocampus, which is involved in amino acid metabolism and serotonin transport. In addition, combined with previous genome-wide association studies on depression, a correlation was found between the levels of Tnni3k and Tbx1 in the hippocampus and RIB induced depressive-like behavior. Finally, metabolite-gene network, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that the insulin-POMC-MEK-TCF7L2 and MAPK-CREB-GRIN2A-CaMKII signaling pathways were respectively associated with RIB and MAN induced depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment. Our findings clarified our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying RIB and MAN induced depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment in mice and highlighted the deleterious effects of high-dose RIB and MAN as long-term energy sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juncai Pu
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Cognitive Functions and Impact of Plasma BDNF in Chronic Heroin Users. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Thériault RK, Manduca JD, Blight CR, Khokhar JY, Akhtar TA, Perreault ML. Acute mitragynine administration suppresses cortical oscillatory power and systems theta coherence in rats. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:759-770. [PMID: 32248751 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120914223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitragynine is the major alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) with potential as a therapeutic in pain management and in depression. There has been debate over the potential side effects of the drug including addiction risk and cognitive decline. AIMS To evaluate the effects of mitragynine on neurophysiological systems function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cingulate cortex (Cg), orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens (NAc), hippocampus (HIP), thalamus (THAL), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and ventral tegmental area of rats. METHODS Local field potential recordings were taken from animals at baseline and for 45 min following mitragynine administration (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Drug-induced changes in spectral power and coherence between regions at specific frequencies were evaluated. Mitragynine-induced changes in c-fos expression were also analyzed. RESULTS Mitragynine increased delta power and reduced theta power in all three cortical regions that were accompanied by increased c-fos expression. A transient suppression of gamma power in PFC and Cg was also evident. There were no effects of mitragynine on spectral power in any of the other regions. Mitragynine induced a widespread reduction in theta coherence (7-9 Hz) that involved disruptions in cortical and NAc connectivity with the BLA, HIP and THAL. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that mitragynine induces frequency-specific changes in cortical neural oscillatory activity that could potentially impact cognitive functioning. However, the absence of drug effects within regions of the mesolimbic pathway may suggest either a lack of addiction potential, or an underlying mechanism of addiction that is distinct from other opioid analgesic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua D Manduca
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin R Blight
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada RKT, JYK and MLP are part of the Collaborative Neuroscience Program
| | - Tariq A Akhtar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Saffar S, Fatemi I, Rahmani M, Hassanshahi J, Sahamsizadeh A, Allahtavakoli M, Sheibani V, Kaeidi A. The effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on morphine-induced memory impairments in rat: EGCG effects on morphine neurotoxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:994-1002. [PMID: 32129083 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120909540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF STUDY This investigation evaluated the capacity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as the main polyphenolic compound in the green tea extract against memory impairment and neurotoxicity in morphine-treated rats. METHODS To measure the EGCG effect (5 and 50 mg/kg, i.p., co-treated with morphine) on spatial learning and memory of morphine-administrated male Wistar rats (45 mg/kg, s.c., 4 weeks), the Morris water maze test was used. Some apoptotic protein levels (Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase 3) were evaluated in the hippocampus tissue by the Western blot test. Also, oxidative stress status (malondialdehyde level, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activity) was measured in hippocampus tissue. RESULTS The data presented that EGCG treatment (50 mg/kg) inhibited the morphine-induced memory deficits in rats. Also, EGCG administration reduced the apoptosis and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of morphine-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that EGCG can improve memory in morphine-treated rats. Molecular mechanisms underlying the detected effects could be related to the prevention of apoptosis and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of morphine-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saffar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - I Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Rahmani
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - J Hassanshahi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - A Sahamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Allahtavakoli
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - V Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - A Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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15
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Jafarova Demirkapu M, Yananlı HR, Kaleli M, Sakalli HE, Gören MZ, Topkara B. The role of adenosine A1 receptors in the nucleus accumbens during morphine withdrawal. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:553-560. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Raci Yananlı
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
| | - Melisa Kaleli
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Zafer Gören
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
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16
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Fang W. Deciphering functional brain circuitry during morphine withdrawal with dynamic manganese-enhanced MRI. Neurosci Lett 2020; 716:134655. [PMID: 31783083 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Withdrawal plays a key role in the development of addiction, and several brain regions, such as the extended amygdala, are functional during this stage. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) is a promising method for directly studying neural activity during morphine withdrawal, versus functional MRI, which is based on hemodynamic alterations. The functional brain circuitry associated with morphine withdrawal has not been thoroughly investigated, and there are very few longitudinal studies utilizing MEMRI to explore brain activity during this stage. In our experiments, we revealed essential brain regions involved in morphine withdrawal by application of a novel dynamic MEMRI approach, and demonstrated dynamic alterations of functional brain activities in these associated brain regions. Our results demonstrate that the dynamic MEMRI approach is an effective method that may be applied to reveal dynamic alterations in functional brain activity during morphine withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenheng Fang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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17
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Shahroodi A, Mohammadi F, Vafaei AA, Miladi-Gorji H, Bandegi AR, Rashidy-Pour A. Impact of different intensities of forced exercise on deficits of spatial and aversive memory, anxiety-like behavior, and hippocampal BDNF during morphine abstinence period in male rats. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:135-147. [PMID: 31773433 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00518-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Forced exercise can alleviate cognitive-behavioral deficits in an experimental model of addiction. However, the effects of different intensities of forced exercise in improving behavioral, cognitive and biochemical deficits during morphine abstinence period are not well investigated. Thus, the current work examined the effects of different loads of forced exercise on cognition functions, anxiety behavior and BDNF changes in the hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and also serum levels of BDNF and corticosterone during the abstinent period in male rats. Animals received morphine injections (10 mg/kg, twice a day) for 10 consecutive days. Then, the animals were exposed to a 4-week forced exercise training program under low, moderate or high intensities (30 min per session on 5 days a week), which accompanied by behavioral and biochemical tests. In Experiment 1, anxiety-like behaviors using elevated plus maze (EPM), and light/dark box (L/D box) were examined. In Experiment 2, cognitive functions using T-maze alteration and passive avoidance tasks were tested, which accompanied by BDNF measurements in the hippocampus and PFC. In Experiment 3, serum levels of BDNF and corticosterone following the termination of forced exercise regimen were measured. Morphine-abstinent animals exhibited anxiogenic -like behaviors in the EPM, but not L/D box. They also exhibited impaired T-maze alternation performance and passive avoidance memory, and a decline in hippocampal BDNF, but not PFC. Forced exercise at a moderate intensity alleviated anxiety, cognitive and BDNF defects in morphine-abstinent animals. The high load exercise enhanced serum levels of corticosterone in both saline and morphine groups. Thus, regular moderate forced exercise may be beneficial in preserving cognitive and mood functions in male addicts during the abstinent period and drug rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Shahroodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Vafaei
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Miladi-Gorji
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bandegi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
- Laboratory of Endocrine Research, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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18
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Indices of dentate gyrus neurogenesis are unaffected immediately after or following withdrawal from morphine self-administration compared to saline self-administering control male rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 381:112448. [PMID: 31870778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Opiates - including morphine - are powerful analgesics with high abuse potential. In rodents, chronic opiate exposure or self-administration negatively impacts hippocampal-dependent function, an effect perhaps due in part to the well-documented opiate-induced inhibition of dentate gyrus (DG) precursor proliferation and neurogenesis. Recently, however, intravenous (i.v.) morphine self-administration (MSA) was reported to enhance the survival of new rat DG neurons. To reconcile these disparate results, we used rat i.v. MSA to assess 1) whether a slightly-higher dose MSA paradigm also increases new DG neuron survival; 2) how MSA influences cells in different stages of DG neurogenesis, particularly maturation and survival; and 3) if MSA-induced changes in DG neurogenesis persist through a period of abstinence. To label basal levels of proliferation, rats received the S-phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, i.p.) 24 -h prior to 21 days (D) of i.v. MSA or saline self-administration (SSA). Either immediately after SA (0-D) or after 4 weeks in the home cage (28-D withdrawal), stereology was used to quantify DG proliferating precursors (or cells in cell cycle; Ki67+ cells), neuroblast/immature neurons (DCX+ cells), and surviving DG granule cells (BrdU+ cells). Analysis revealed the number of DG cells immunopositive for these neurogenesis-relevant markers was similar between MSA and SSA rats at the 0-D or 28-D timepoints. These negative data highlight the impact experimental parameters, timepoint selection, and quantification approach have on neurogenesis results, and are discussed in the context of the large literature showing the negative impact of opiates on DG neurogenesis.
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Aghighi F, Mohammadifar M, Banafsheh H, Salami M, Talaei SA. Behavioral and electrophysiological aspects of cognition in neonate rats lactated by morphine addicted mothers. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:1059-1064. [PMID: 31807250 PMCID: PMC6880524 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.36892.8789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In addition to genetic factors, environmental phenomena during postnatal age highly affect development and, in turn, function of the brain. The present work evaluates if morphine consumption during lactation period influences the spatial performances and synaptic plasticity in rats at neonatal period of age. Materials and Methods Three groups of mothers were subcutaneously administered by 5 (M5), 10 (M10) or 20 (M20) mg/kg morphine every 12 hours during the lactation period. At 45 days old, their offspring were introduced to Morris water maze for assessment of spatial learning and memory. Basic field excitatory post-synaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were recorded in the CA1 area of hippocampus and, then, long term potentiation (LTP) was induced by tetanic stimulation. Results We found that the M10 and M20 rats spent more time and traveled longer distance to find the hidden platform of maze when compared to the control animals (P<0.05 for all comparisons). Similarly, these two morphine-exposed groups were inferior in the memory consolidation compared to their control counterparts. Comparing control and M20 rats revealed that morphine exposure decreases the mean amplitude and slope 10-90% of fEPSPs about 30 percent (P<0.001 for both comparisons) and inhibits the LTP induction in the CA1 area circuits. Conclusion The present study provides behavioral and electrophysiological proofs for negative effect of morphine on the hippocampal-related function in the neonatally morphine-exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Aghighi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mohammadifar
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Banafsheh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Salami
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sayyed Alireza Talaei
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Lu S, Liao L, Zhang B, Yan W, Chen L, Yan H, Guo L, Lu S, Xiong K, Yan J. Antioxidant cascades confer neuroprotection in ethanol, morphine, and methamphetamine preconditioning. Neurochem Int 2019; 131:104540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Ahmad HEK, Darweesh AEM, Hassaan SHM, Nooman M, Shaaban I, Sayed SM. The effect of duration of dependence and daily dose of tramadol in tramadol dependent patients on cognitive performance. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-019-0005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tramadol dependence represents a major medical and legal hazardous phenomenon in the last decade. It is a synthetic opiate analgesic which exerts its therapeutic effect by its action on μ opioid receptors. It has a weak dependence ability. The present study investigated the effect of duration of dependence and daily dose of tramadol on cognitive performance. Cognitive functions were assessed using the following: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III), the P300 (ERP), and conventional electroencephalogram.
Results
There was a non-significant negative correlation between the daily dose of tramadol and cognitive performance as regards IQ, Mini-Mental State Examination, MoCA score, P300 reaction time (μs), and deterioration index (r = − 0.08, P = 0.689; r = − 0.02, P = 0.896; r = − 0.11, P = 0.554; r = − 0.11, P = 0.581, r = − 0.17; P = 0.368, respectively). Additionally, the results showed non-significant negative correlation between the duration of dependence and the cognitive performance (r = − 0.19, P = 0.325; r = − 0.15, P = 0.424; r = − 0.30, P = 0.108; r = − 0.02, P = 0.909; r = − 0.02, P = 0.937, respectively).
Conclusion
Daily dose and duration of tramadol dependence have a negative but non-significant effect on cognitive performance.
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Effect of oleuropein on morphine-induced hippocampus neurotoxicity and memory impairments in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1383-1391. [PMID: 31236657 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein, as an olive leaf extract antioxidant polyphenol, has been reported to be a free radical scavenger. This study was done to investigate the effects of oleuropein, against morphine-induced hippocampus neurotoxicity and memory impairment in rats. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to assess the effect of oleuropein (5, 15, and 30 mg/kg, i.p., co-administrated with morphine) on spatial learning and memory of male Wistar rats which were treated with morphine sulfate (45 mg/kg, s.c., 4 weeks). In order to evaluate the cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl2 protein expression (as biochemical markers of apoptosis) in CA1 area of hippocampus tissue, the western blot test was used. Also, to evaluate the oxidative stress status of hippocampus CA1 area tissue, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were assessed. The data showed that oleuropein treatment (15 and 30 mg/kg) improves the spatial learning and memory impairments in morphine-treated animals. Also, oleuropein treatment decreased the apoptosis and oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus CA1 area of morphine-treated rats. Oleuropein can prevent the spatial learning and memory impairments in morphine-treated rats. Molecular mechanisms underlying the observed effects could be at least partially related to the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress in the hippocampus CA1 area of morphine-treated rats.
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23
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Liu Q, Li X, Zhao Y, Cao K, Liu Y, Xiao R, Wang C, Li Y, Huang W, Wang X. Dopamine D1 receptor agonist treatment alleviates morphine-exposure-induced learning and memory impairments. Brain Res 2019; 1711:120-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Mirzaian B, Heydari Fard J, Hoseini S. Cognitive performance and social support in patients under maintenance therapy. JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jnms.jnms_8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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25
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Bozorgi H, Motaghi E, Zamani M, Ghavimi R. Neuronal calcium channels blocker, ziconotide (ɷ-conotoxin MVIIA), reverses morphine withdrawal-induced memory impairments via alteration in hippocampal NMDA receptor expression in rats. TOXIN REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2018.1525402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Bozorgi
- Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Research Center of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Motaghi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Melika Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghavimi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Grañe-Boladeras N, Williams D, Tarmakova Z, Stevanovic K, Villani LA, Mehrabi P, Siu KWM, Pastor-Anglada M, Coe IR. Oligomerization of equilibrative nucleoside transporters: a novel regulatory and functional mechanism involving PKC and PP1. FASEB J 2018; 33:3841-3850. [PMID: 30521377 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800440rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs) translocate nucleosides and nucleobases across plasma membranes, as well as a variety of anti-cancer, -viral, and -parasite nucleoside analogs. They are also key members of the purinome complex and regulate the protective and anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine. Despite their important role, little is known about the mechanisms involved in their regulation. We conducted membrane yeast 2-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation studies and identified, for the first time to our knowledge, the existence of protein-protein interactions between human ENT1 and ENT2 (hENT1 and hENT2) proteins in human cells and the formation of hetero- and homo-oligomers at the plasma membrane and the submembrane region. The use of NanoLuc Binary Technology allowed us to analyze changes in the oligomeric status of hENT1 and hENT2 and how they rapidly modify the uptake profile for nucleosides and nucleobases and allow cells to respond promptly to external signals or changes in the extracellular environment. These changes in hENTs oligomerization are triggered by PKC activation and subsequent action of protein phosphatase 1.-Grañe-Boladeras, N., Williams, D., Tarmakova, Z., Stevanovic, K., Villani, L. A., Mehrabi, P., Siu, K. W. M., Pastor-Anglada, M., Coe, I. R. Oligomerization of equilibrative nucleoside transporters: a novel regulatory and functional mechanism involving PKC and PP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Grañe-Boladeras
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,National Biomedical Research Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Declan Williams
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Zlatina Tarmakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katarina Stevanovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda A Villani
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pedram Mehrabi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K W Michael Siu
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Marçal Pastor-Anglada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,National Biomedical Research Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imogen R Coe
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Che X, Liu P, Wu C, Song W, An N, Yu L, Bai Y, Xing Z, Cai J, Wang X, Yang J. Potential role of the ecto-5'-nucleotidase in morphine-induced uridine release and neurobehavioral changes. Neuropharmacology 2018; 141:1-10. [PMID: 30071207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that uridine may act as an endogenous neuromodulator with a potential signaling role in the central nervous system in addition to its function in pyrimidine metabolism. We previously found that acute morphine treatment significantly increased uridine release in the dorsal striatum of mice, indicating that uridine may contribute to morphine-induced neurobehavioral changes. In the present study, we analyzed the mechanism involved in morphine-induced uridine release and the role of uridine in morphine-induced neurobehavioral changes. Uridine release in the dorsal striatum of mice was assessed by in vivo microdialysis coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after morphine treatment. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the expression of uridine-related proteins. Morphine-induced neurobehavioral changes were assessed by locomotor activity, behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference (CPP) test. The expression of NT5E, an extracellular enzyme involved in formation of nucleosides, including uridine, was specifically knocked down in the dorsal striatum of mice using adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The results indicated that both acute and chronic morphine administration significantly increased uridine release in the dorsal striatum, and this was associated with upregulation of NT5E but not other uridine-related proteins. Inhibition of NT5E with APCP or shRNA markedly inhibited morphine-induced uridine release in the dorsal striatum and related neurobehavioral changes, including hyperlocomotor activity, behavioral sensitization and CPP. Our data give a better understanding of the contribution of NT5E to morphine-induced uridine release and neurobehavioral changes, and identify NT5E as a potential target for treating morphine abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Che
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wu Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Nina An
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Lisha Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yijun Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zheng Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jialing Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China.
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28
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Transgenerational consequences of prepregnancy chronic morphine use on spatial learning and hippocampal Mecp2 and Hdac2 expression. Neuroreport 2018; 29:739-744. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Li Y, Pan X, He Y, Ruan Y, Huang L, Zhou Y, Hou Z, He C, Wang Z, Zhang X, Chen JF. Pharmacological Blockade of Adenosine A 2A but Not A 1 Receptors Enhances Goal-Directed Valuation in Satiety-Based Instrumental Behavior. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:393. [PMID: 29740319 PMCID: PMC5928261 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance and smooth shift between flexible, goal-directed behaviors and repetitive, habitual actions are critical to optimal performance of behavioral tasks. The striatum plays an essential role in control of goal-directed versus habitual behaviors through a rich interplay of the numerous neurotransmitters and neuromodulators to modify the input, processing and output functions of the striatum. The adenosine receptors (namely A2AR and A1R), with their high expression pattern in the striatum and abilities to interact and integrate dopamine, glutamate and cannabinoid signals in the striatum, may represent novel therapeutic targets for modulating instrumental behavior. In this study, we examined the effects of pharmacological blockade of the A2ARs and A1Rs on goal-directed versus habitual behaviors in different information processing phases of instrumental learning using a satiety-based instrumental behavior procedure. We found that A2AR antagonist acts at the coding, consolidation and expression phases of instrumental learning to modulate animals’ sensitivity to goal-directed valuation without modifying action-outcome contingency. However, pharmacological blockade and genetic knockout of A1Rs did not affect acquisition or sensitivity to goal-valuation of instrumental behavior. These findings provide pharmacological evidence for a potential therapeutic strategy to control abnormal instrumental behaviors associated with drug addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder by targeting the A2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinran Pan
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan He
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linshan Huang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuling Zhou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhidong Hou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaoxiang He
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, The Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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30
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Impact of Coffee and Cacao Purine Metabolites on Neuroplasticity and Neurodegenerative Disease. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:214-227. [PMID: 29417473 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2492-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that regular consumption of coffee, tea and dark chocolate (cacao) can promote brain health and may reduce the risk of age-related neurodegenerative disorders. However, the complex array of phytochemicals in coffee and cacao beans and tea leaves has hindered a clear understanding of the component(s) that affect neuronal plasticity and resilience. One class of phytochemicals present in relatively high amounts in coffee, tea and cacao are methylxanthines. Among such methylxanthines, caffeine has been the most widely studied and has clear effects on neuronal network activity, promotes sustained cognitive performance and can protect neurons against dysfunction and death in animal models of stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Caffeine's mechanism of action relies on antagonism of various subclasses of adenosine receptors. Downstream xanthine metabolites, such as theobromine and theophylline, may also contribute to the beneficial effects of coffee, tea and cacao on brain health.
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31
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Arabian M, Aboutaleb N, Soleimani M, Ajami M, Habibey R, Rezaei Y, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Preconditioning with morphine protects hippocampal CA1 neurons from ischemia-reperfusion injury via activation of the mTOR pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:80-87. [PMID: 28881154 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The signaling pathway of chronic morphine treatment to prevent neuronal damage following transient cerebral ischemia is not clear. In this study, we examined the role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) to identify the neuroprotective effects of chronic morphine preconditioning on the hippocampus following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Morphine was administered for 5 days, twice a day, before inducing I/R injury. The possible role of mTOR was evaluated by the injection of rapamycin (5 mg/kg body weight, by intraperitoneal injection) before I/R was induced. The passive avoidance test was used to evaluate memory performance. Neuronal density and apoptosis were measured in the CA1 region, 72 h after I/R injury. The expressions of mTOR and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined 24 h after I/R injury. Chronic morphine treatment attenuated apoptosis and neuronal loss in the hippocampus after I/R injury, which led to improvement in memory (P < 0.05 vs. untreated I/R) and increase in the expression of p-mTOR (P < 0.05 vs. untreated I/R) and SOD activity (P < 0.05 vs. untreated I/R) in the hippocampus. Pretreatment with rapamycin abolished all the above-mentioned protective effects. These results describe novel findings whereby chronic morphine preconditioning in hippocampal CA1 neurons is mediated by the mTOR pathway, and through increased phosphorylation of mTOR can alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis, and eventually protect the hippocampus from I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Arabian
- a Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- b Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- c Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- d Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Habibey
- e Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies-Istituto Italiano di Technologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Yousef Rezaei
- f Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- b Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Ismail NIW, Jayabalan N, Mansor SM, Müller CP, Muzaimi M. Chronic mitragynine (kratom) enhances punishment resistance in natural reward seeking and impairs place learning in mice. Addict Biol 2017; 22:967-976. [PMID: 26990882 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a widely abused herbal drug preparation in Southeast Asia. It is often consumed as a substitute for heroin, but imposing itself unknown harms and addictive burdens. Mitragynine is the major psychostimulant constituent of kratom that has recently been reported to induce morphine-like behavioural and cognitive effects in rodents. The effects of chronic consumption on non-drug related behaviours are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of chronic mitragynine treatment on spontaneous activity, reward-related behaviour and cognition in mice in an IntelliCage® system, and compared them with those of morphine and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). We found that chronic mitragynine treatment significantly potentiated horizontal exploratory activity. It enhanced spontaneous sucrose preference and also its persistence when the preference had aversive consequences. Furthermore, mitragynine impaired place learning and its reversal. Thereby, mitragynine effects closely resembled that of morphine and THC sensitisation. These findings suggest that chronic mitragynine exposure enhances spontaneous locomotor activity and the preference for natural rewards, but impairs learning and memory. These findings confirm pleiotropic effects of mitragynine (kratom) on human lifestyle, but may also support the recognition of the drug's harm potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Iman W. Ismail
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
- Centre for Neuroscience Services and Research; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
- Centre for Neuroscience Services and Research; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
| | | | - Christian P. Müller
- Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
| | - Mustapha Muzaimi
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
- Centre for Neuroscience Services and Research; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
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33
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Zhou Q, Zhu S, Guo Y, Lian L, Hu Q, Liu X, Xu F, Zhang N, Kang H. Adenosine A1 Receptors Play an Important Protective Role Against Cognitive Impairment and Long-Term Potentiation Inhibition in a Pentylenetetrazol Mouse Model of Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3316-3327. [PMID: 28492982 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complicated neurological disorder that occurs worldwide and features several kinds of comorbidities in addition to recurrent seizures. One of the most common comorbidities is cognitive impairment, which seriously affects patients' quality of life. Through activating pre- and postsynaptic adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs), adenosine has demonstrated anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects in many epileptic animal models. However, whether the neuroprotective effect of A1Rs will protect cognition during epileptogenesis remains unknown. Therefore, by using A1R knockout (KO) mice and establishing a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindled model of epilepsy, the present study investigated A1Rs' influences on memory and synaptic function. Morris water maze test results indicated that A1R knockout exacerbated the memory impairment induced by PTZ kindling compared with the wild-type group. To further study the synaptic function of epileptic A1Rs KO mice, we recorded long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal CA3-CA1 pathway, and LTP was highly inhibited in kindled A1R KO mice compared with kindled wild-type mice. To reveal the mechanisms underlying these effects, neuronal loss, cell apoptosis, and relevant synaptic protein levels in hippocampus were assessed. Epileptic A1R KO mice exhibited significant reductions in neuronal cell survival in the CA1 region and a marked increase in the activation of caspase-3 in the hippocampus compared with epileptic wild-type mice. In addition, an obvious decrease in the PSD95 and BDNF expression levels of epileptic A1R KO mice was observed 7 days after complete kindling. In conclusion, these findings indicated that A1Rs play an important protective role against cognitive impairment by reducing neuron loss and increasing BDNF and PSD95 levels. Activation of A1Rs during epileptogenesis might be beneficial to the preservation of epileptic individuals' cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifei Lian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicong Kang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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34
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Ghodrati-Jaldbakhan S, Ahmadalipour A, Rashidy-Pour A, Vafaei AA, Miladi-Gorji H, Alizadeh M. Low- and high-intensity treadmill exercise attenuates chronic morphine-induced anxiogenesis and memory impairment but not reductions in hippocampal BDNF in female rats. Brain Res 2017; 1663:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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35
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Hammami-Abrand Abadi A, Miladi-Gorji H. Effects of environmental enrichment on behavioral and spatial cognitive deficits in morphine-dependent and -withdrawn rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:163-169. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the effect of environmental enrichment during morphine dependence and withdrawal on morphine-induced behavioral and spatial cognitive disorders in morphine-withdrawn rats. Adult male Wistar rats (190 ± 20 g) were injected with bi-daily doses (10 mg/kg, 12 h intervals) of morphine for 14 days. Rats were reared in SE or EE during the development of dependence on morphine and withdrawal. Then, rats were tested for spatial learning and memory (the water maze), spontaneous withdrawal signs, and grooming behavior. We found that the EE blocked chronic morphine-induced partial impairments of spatial memory retention. Moreover, the EE diminished the occurrence of spontaneous morphine withdrawal signs as mild and the self-grooming behavior. Our findings showed that EE ameliorates chronic morphine-induced partial deficits of spatial cognition, obsessive-like behavior, and the overall severity of the morphine withdrawal. Thus, environmental enrichment may be a potential therapeutic strategy for spatial memory and behavioral deficits in morphine-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Miladi-Gorji
- Laboratory of Animal Addiction Models, Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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36
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Yang S, Feng T, Li D, Wen D, Yang C, Ma C, Cong B. CCK-8 Inhibits Acute Morphine-induced Spatial Reference Memory Impairment in Mice. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-016-9568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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37
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Wang Y, Yao Y, Nie H, He X. Implication of protein kinase C of the left intermediate medial mesopallium in memory impairments induced by early prenatal morphine exposure in one-day old chicks. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 795:94-100. [PMID: 27940175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previously we reported that prenatal morphine exposure during embryonic days 5-8 can cause cognitive deficits of one-trial passive avoidance learning (PAL) in one-day old chicks. Because protein kinase C (PKC) has been associated with memory capacity, we investigated the effects of prenatal morphine exposure on PKC isoforms expression in the left intermediate medial mesopallium (IMM) of chick brain at a time when memory tests were performed at 30, 120 and 360min respectively following training in PAL paradigm. We found that the level of PKCα in the membrane fractions in left IMM was decreased but that in the cytosol fractions showed a increased trend in prenatally morphine-exposed chicks with impaired long-term memory (120 and 360min). Moreover, the translocation of PKC δ from cytosol to membrane in left IMM was shown in prenatal morphine group which had significantly impaired long-term memory at 360min after training. Furthermore, there were no statistical differences between the two groups regarding the expressions of PKCα and PKC δ in the membrane fraction, although their levels in the cytosol fraction of prenatal morphine group which showed impaired intermediate-term memory at 30min after training, were quite different from that of prenatal saline group. Taken together, these results indicate that PKCα and PKC δ in the left IMM are differentially involved in the impairments of long-term memory induced by prenatal morphine exposure. Neither PKCα nor PKC δ in left IMM may be associated with the disruption of intermediate-term memory of chicks prenatally exposed to morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Medical Humanities, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Han Nie
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xingu He
- School of Medical Humanities, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China.
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38
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Kim J, Ham S, Hong H, Moon C, Im HI. Brain Reward Circuits in Morphine Addiction. Mol Cells 2016; 39:645-53. [PMID: 27506251 PMCID: PMC5050528 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine is the most potent analgesic for chronic pain, but its clinical use has been limited by the opiate's innate tendency to produce tolerance, severe withdrawal symptoms and rewarding properties with a high risk of relapse. To understand the addictive properties of morphine, past studies have focused on relevant molecular and cellular changes in the brain, highlighting the functional roles of reward-related brain regions. Given the accumulated findings, a recent, emerging trend in morphine research is that of examining the dynamics of neuronal interactions in brain reward circuits under the influence of morphine action. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the roles of several reward circuits involved in morphine addiction based on pharmacological, molecular and physiological evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Kim
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Suji Ham
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Heeok Hong
- Department of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113,
Korea
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Zarrinkalam E, Heidarianpour A, Salehi I, Ranjbar K, Komaki A. Effects of endurance, resistance, and concurrent exercise on learning and memory after morphine withdrawal in rats. Life Sci 2016; 157:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dholakiya SL, Aliberti A, Barile FA. Morphine sulfate concomitantly decreases neuronal differentiation and opioid receptor expression in mouse embryonic stem cells. Toxicol Lett 2016; 247:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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41
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Activating Autophagy in Hippocampal Cells Alleviates the Morphine-Induced Memory Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1710-1724. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mahgoub R, El-Hadidy M, Abo El Hoda M, Atrouny M. A study of opioid dependence among Mansoura University students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-1105.195548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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43
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Adenosine A1 Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis of AMPA Receptors Contributes to Impairments in Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) in the Middle-Aged Rat Hippocampus. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:1085-97. [PMID: 26700433 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging causes multiple changes in the mammalian brain, including changes in synaptic signaling. Previous reports have shown increased extracellular adenosine in the aging brain, and we recently reported that activation of adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs) induces AMPA receptor (AMPAR) internalization in rat hippocampus. This study investigated whether aging-related changes in the rat hippocampus include altered surface expression of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, and whether these changes correspond to changes in AMPAR surface expression and altered synaptic plasticity. We found reduced A1R surface expression in middle-aged rat hippocampus, and also reduced GluA1 and GluA2 AMPAR subunit surface expression. Using a chemically-induced LTP (cLTP) experimental protocol, we recorded fEPSPs in young (1 month old) and middle-aged (7-12 month old) rat hippocampal slices. There were significant impairments in cLTP in middle-aged slices, suggesting impaired synaptic plasticity. Since we previously showed that the A1R agonist N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) reduced both A1Rs and GluA2/GluA1 AMPARs, we hypothesized that the observed impaired synaptic plasticity in middle-aged brains is regulated by A1R-mediated AMPAR internalization by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Following cLTP, we found a significant increase in GluA1 and GluA2 surface expression in young rats, which was blunted in middle-aged brains or in young brains pretreated with CPA. Blocking A1Rs with 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine or AMPAR endocytosis with either Tat-GluA2-3Y peptide or dynasore (dynamin inhibitor) similarly enhanced AMPAR surface expression following cLTP. These data suggest that age-dependent alteration in adenosine receptor expression contributes to increased AMPAR endocytosis and impaired synaptic plasticity in aged brains.
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Erbs E, Faget L, Ceredig RA, Matifas A, Vonesch JL, Kieffer BL, Massotte D. Impact of chronic morphine on delta opioid receptor-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus. Neuroscience 2015; 313:46-56. [PMID: 26480813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Delta opioid (DOP) receptors participate to the control of chronic pain and emotional responses. Recent data also identified their implication in spatial memory and drug-context associations pointing to a critical role of hippocampal delta receptors. To better appreciate the impact of repeated drug exposure on their modulatory activity, we used fluorescent knock-in mice that express a functional delta receptor fused at its carboxy-terminus with the green fluorescent protein in place of the native receptor. We then tested the impact of chronic morphine treatment on the density and distribution of delta receptor-expressing cells in the hippocampus. A decrease in delta receptor-positive cell density was observed in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus without alteration of the distribution across the different GABAergic populations that mainly express delta receptors. This effect partly persisted after four weeks of morphine abstinence. In addition, we observed increased DOP receptor expression at the cell surface compared to saline-treated animals. In the hippocampus, chronic morphine administration thus induces DOP receptor cellular redistribution and durably decreases delta receptor-expressing cell density. Such modifications are likely to alter hippocampal physiology, and to contribute to long-term cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Erbs
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS/INSERM/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - L Faget
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS/INSERM/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - R A Ceredig
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR 3212, 5 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - A Matifas
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS/INSERM/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - J-L Vonesch
- Imaging Center IGBMC, CNRS/INSERM/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - B L Kieffer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS/INSERM/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France; Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875, Boulevard LaSalle, Montreal (Quebec) H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - D Massotte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS/INSERM/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR 3212, 5 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
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Korpi ER, den Hollander B, Farooq U, Vashchinkina E, Rajkumar R, Nutt DJ, Hyytiä P, Dawe GS. Mechanisms of Action and Persistent Neuroplasticity by Drugs of Abuse. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:872-1004. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Bianchi E, Menicacci C, Ghelardini C. Dual effect of morphine in long-term social memory in rat. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 168:1786-93. [PMID: 23171436 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Bimodal dose-response relationships have been demonstrated in animals and humans following morphine administration. We examined if systemic administration of morphine, in extremely low (μg) and high (mg, analgesic) doses, changed the learning process. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In the social learning test, an adult rat investigates a juvenile. The juvenile is submitted to a second encounter after a few days and investigation by the adult should be reduced. Morphine was administered before the first encounter between rats, and the critical test was performed 24, 72 or 168 h later, when animals were re-exposed to each other, in the absence of morphine. KEY RESULTS Low doses of morphine, comparable with endogenous brain concentrations, enhanced long-term memory recognition; while high doses did the reverse, indicating the adult failed to recognize the juvenile. Recognition of a familiar rat appeared to be mediated within the brain accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) by an opioid system intrinsic to the olfactory system through μ-opioid receptors (MORs). At this supraspinal site, the PLC/PKC signalling pathway was activated by extremely low morphine doses. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Morphine treatment administration may either disrupt or facilitate social memory, depending on the dose, extending to memory formation the bimodal effects of morphine previously shown in pain. Social memory formation elicited by extremely low morphine doses, was mediated within the AOB by an opioid system, intrinsic to the olfactory system through MORs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Bianchi
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Hall FS, Fujii M, Goto A, Kanda Y, Koizumi A, Kuroiwa H, Mibayashi S, Muranishi Y, Otaki S, Sumikawa M, Tanaka KI, Nishiyama N, Uhl GR, Takemura M. Memory impairment and reduced exploratory behavior in mice after administration of systemic morphine. J Exp Neurosci 2015; 9:27-35. [PMID: 25987850 PMCID: PMC4428380 DOI: 10.4137/jen.s25057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of morphine were examined on tests of spatial memory, object exploration, locomotion, and anxiety in male ICR mice. Administration of morphine (15 or 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) induced a significant decrease in Y-maze alternations compared to saline vehicle-treated mice. The reduced Y-maze alternations induced by morphine were completely blocked by naloxone (15 mg/kg) or β-funaltrexamine (5 mg/kg) but not by norbinaltorphimine (5 mg/kg) or naltrindole (5 mg/kg), suggesting that the morphine-induced spatial memory impairment was mediated predominantly by μ-opioid receptors (MOPs). Significant spatial memory retrieval impairments were observed in the Morris water maze (MWM) in mice treated with morphine (15 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg), but not with naloxone or morphine plus naloxone. Reduced exploratory time was observed in mice after administration of morphine (15 mg/kg), in a novel-object exploration test, without any changes in locomotor activity. No anxiolytic-like behavior was observed in morphine-treated mice in the elevated plus maze. A significant reduction in buried marbles was observed in morphine-treated mice measured in the marble-burying test, which was blocked by naloxone. These observations suggest that morphine induces impairments in spatial short-term memory and retrieval, and reduces exploratory behavior, but that these effects are not because of overall changes in locomotion or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nobue Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - F Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Mei Fujii
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akiko Goto
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kanda
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Koizumi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Satoko Mibayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yumi Muranishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Otaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Minako Sumikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichi Tanaka
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Nishiyama
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan. ; The Office of the Dean, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
| | - George R Uhl
- Molecular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Dos Santos-Rodrigues A, Pereira MR, Brito R, de Oliveira NA, Paes-de-Carvalho R. Adenosine transporters and receptors: key elements for retinal function and neuroprotection. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2015; 98:487-523. [PMID: 25817878 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is an important neuroactive substance in the central nervous system, including in the retina where subclasses of adenosine receptors and transporters are expressed since early stages of development. Here, we review some evidence showing that adenosine plays important functions in the mature as well as in the developing tissue. Adenosine transporters are divided into equilibrative and concentrative, and the major transporter subtype present in the retina is the ENT1. This transporter is responsible for a bidirectional transport of adenosine and the uptake or release of this nucleoside appears to be regulated by different signaling pathways that are also controlled by activation of adenosine receptors. Adenosine receptors are also key players in retina physiology regulating a variety of functions in the mature and developing tissue. Regulation of excitatory neurotransmitter release and neuroprotection are the main functions played be adenosine in the mature tissue, while regulation of cell survival and neurogenesis are some of the functions played by adenosine in developing retina. Since adenosine is neuroprotective against excitotoxic and metabolic dysfunctions observed in neurological and ocular diseases, the search for adenosine-related drugs regulating adenosine transporters and receptors can be important for advancement of therapeutic strategies against these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana R Pereira
- Program of Neurosciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Brito
- Program of Neurosciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nádia A de Oliveira
- Program of Neurosciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in Han Chinese heroin-dependent patients. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8148. [PMID: 25640280 PMCID: PMC4313085 DOI: 10.1038/srep08148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BDNF and its gene polymorphism may be important in synaptic plasticity and neuron survival, and may become a key target in the physiopathology of long-term heroin use. Thus, we investigated the relationships between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plasma concentrations and the BDNF Val66Met nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in heroin-dependent patients. The pretreatment expression levels of plasma BDNF and the BDNF Val66Met SNP in 172 heroin-dependent patients and 102 healthy controls were checked. BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients (F = 52.28, p < 0.0001), but the distribution of the SNP was not significantly different. Nor were plasma BDNF levels significantly different between Met/Met, Met/Val, and Val/Val carriers in each group, which indicated that the BDNF Val66Met SNP did not affect plasma BDNF levels in our participants. In heroin-dependent patients, plasma BDNF levels were negatively correlated with the length of heroin dependency. Long-term (>15 years) users had significantly lower plasma BDNF levels than did short-term (<5 years) users. We conclude that plasma BDNF concentration in habitual heroin users are not affected by BDNF Val66Met gene variants, but by the length of the heroin dependency.
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The combined inhibitory effect of the adenosine A1 and cannabinoid CB1 receptors on cAMP accumulation in the hippocampus is additive and independent of A1 receptor desensitization. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:872684. [PMID: 25667928 PMCID: PMC4312621 DOI: 10.1155/2015/872684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A1 and cannabinoid CB1 receptors are highly expressed in hippocampus where they trigger similar transduction pathways. We investigated how the combined acute activation of A1 and CB1 receptors modulates cAMP accumulation in rat hippocampal slices. The CB1 agonist WIN55212-2 (0.3–30 μM) decreased forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation with an EC50 of 6.6 ± 2.7 μM and an Emax of 31% ± 2%, whereas for the A1 agonist, N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA, 10–150 nM), an EC50 of 35 ± 19 nM, and an Emax of 29% ± 5 were obtained. The combined inhibitory effect of WIN55212-2 (30 μM) and CPA (100 nM) on cAMP accumulation was 41% ± 6% (n = 4), which did not differ (P > 0.7) from the sum of the individual effects of each agonist (43% ± 8%) but was different (P < 0.05) from the effects of CPA or WIN55212-2 alone. Preincubation with CPA (100 nM) for 95 min caused desensitization of adenosine A1 activity, which did not modify the effect of WIN55212-2 (30 μM) on cAMP accumulation. In conclusion, the combined effect of CB1 and A1 receptors on cAMP formation is additive and CB1 receptor activity is not affected by short-term A1 receptor desensitization.
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