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Nambu A, Chiken S, Sano H, Hatanaka N, Obeso JA. [Dynamic activity model of movement disorders: a unified view to understand their pathophysiology]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2024; 64:390-397. [PMID: 38811203 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Malfunction of the basal ganglia leads to movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, Huntington's disease, dyskinesia, and hemiballism, but their underlying pathophysiology is still subject to debate. To understand their pathophysiology in a unified manner, we propose the "dynamic activity model", on the basis of alterations of cortically induced responses in individual nuclei of the basal ganglia. In the normal state, electric stimulation in the motor cortex, mimicking cortical activity during initiation of voluntary movements, evokes a triphasic response consisting of early excitation, inhibition, and late excitation in the output stations of the basal ganglia of monkeys, rodents, and humans. Among three components, cortically induced inhibition, which is mediated by the direct pathway, releases an appropriate movement at an appropriate time by disinhibiting thalamic and cortical activity, whereas early and late excitation, which is mediated by the hyperdirect and indirect pathways, resets on-going cortical activity and stops movements, respectively. Cortically induced triphasic response patterns are systematically altered in various movement disorder models and could well explain the pathophysiology of their motor symptoms. In monkey and mouse models of Parkinson's disease, cortically induced inhibition is reduced and prevents the release of movements, resulting in akinesia/bradykinesia. On the other hand, in a mouse model of dystonia, cortically induced inhibition is enhanced and releases unintended movements, inducing involuntary muscle contractions. Moreover, after blocking the subthalamic nucleus activity in a monkey model of Parkinson's disease, cortically induced inhibition is recovered and enables voluntary movements, explaining the underlying mechanism of stereotactic surgery to ameliorate parkinsonian motor signs. The "dynamic activity model" gives us a more comprehensive view of the pathophysiology underlying motor symptoms of movement disorders and clues for their novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences
| | - Satomi Chiken
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences
- Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
| | - Hiromi Sano
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University
| | - Nobuhiko Hatanaka
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences
- Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
- School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - José A Obeso
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales
- Network Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III
- University CEU-San Pablo
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2
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Shen C, Shen B, Liu D, Han L, Zou K, Gan L, Ren J, Wu B, Tang Y, Zhao J, Sun Y, Liu F, Yu W, Yao H, Wu J, Wang J. Bidirectional regulation of levodopa-induced dyskinesia by a specific neural ensemble in globus pallidus external segment. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101566. [PMID: 38759649 PMCID: PMC11228392 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is an intractable motor complication arising in Parkinson's disease with the progression of disease and chronic treatment of levodopa. However, the specific cell assemblies mediating dyskinesia have not been fully elucidated. Here, we utilize the activity-dependent tool to identify three brain regions (globus pallidus external segment [GPe], parafascicular thalamic nucleus, and subthalamic nucleus) that specifically contain dyskinesia-activated ensembles. An intensity-dependent hyperactivity in the dyskinesia-activated subpopulation in GPe (GPeTRAPed in LID) is observed during dyskinesia. Optogenetic inhibition of GPeTRAPed in LID significantly ameliorates LID, whereas reactivation of GPeTRAPed in LID evokes dyskinetic behavior in the levodopa-off state. Simultaneous chemogenetic reactivation of GPeTRAPed in LID and another previously reported ensemble in striatum fully reproduces the dyskinesia induced by high-dose levodopa. Finally, we characterize GPeTRAPed in LID as a subset of prototypic neurons in GPe. These findings provide theoretical foundations for precision medication and modulation of LID in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Han
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linhua Gan
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Tang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Zhao
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengtao Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haishan Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Cenci MA, Kumar A. Cells, pathways, and models in dyskinesia research. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2024; 84:102833. [PMID: 38184982 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is the most common form of hyperkinetic movement disorder resulting from altered information processing in the cortico-basal ganglia network. We here review recent advances clarifying the altered interplay between striatal output pathways in this movement disorder. We also review studies revealing structural and synaptic changes to the striatal microcircuitry and altered cortico-striatal activity dynamics in LID. We furthermore highlight the recent progress made in understanding the involvement of cerebellar and brain stem nuclei. These recent developments illustrate that dyskinesia research continues to provide key insights into cellular and circuit-level plasticity within the cortico-basal ganglia network and its interconnected brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Arvind Kumar
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. https://twitter.com/arvin_neuro
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Nishijima H, Tomiyama M. GABA storage and release from direct pathway neurons account for the enhanced short-duration response of L-dopa in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2024; 456:122844. [PMID: 38142158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Nishijima
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, Aomori, Japan; Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki City, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Tomiyama
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, Aomori, Japan
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5
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Nambu A, Chiken S. External segment of the globus pallidus in health and disease: Its interactions with the striatum and subthalamic nucleus. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 190:106362. [PMID: 37992783 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) has long been considered a homogeneous structure that receives inputs from the striatum and sends processed information to the subthalamic nucleus, composing a relay nucleus of the indirect pathway that contributes to movement suppression. Recent methodological revolution in rodents led to the identification of two distinct cell types in the GPe with different fiber connections. The GPe may be regarded as a dynamic, complex and influential center within the basal ganglia circuitry, rather than a simple relay nucleus. On the other hand, many studies have so far been performed in monkeys to clarify the functions of the basal ganglia in the healthy and diseased states, but have not paid much attention to such classification and functional differences of GPe neurons. In this minireview, we consider the knowledge on the rodent GPe and discuss its impact on the understanding of the basal ganglia circuitry in monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Satomi Chiken
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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6
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Nambu A, Chiken S, Sano H, Hatanaka N, Obeso JA. Dynamic Activity Model of Movement Disorders: The Fundamental Role of the Hyperdirect Pathway. Mov Disord 2023; 38:2145-2150. [PMID: 37986211 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Schematic illustration of cortically induced dynamic activity changes of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia (the internal segment of the globus pallidus, GPi and the substantia nigra pars reticulata, SNr) in the healthy and diseased states. The height of the dam along the time course controls the expression of voluntary movements. Its alterations could cause a variety of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and hyperkinetic disorders. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Grants
- JPMJCR1853 Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
- JP18dm0307005 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- JP21dm0207115 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- 19KK0193 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- 20K06933 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- 20K07772 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- 21K07257 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- 23H02594 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- 15H01458 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 15H05873 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 17H05590 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22H04790 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23H04688 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Satomi Chiken
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sano
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hatanaka
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - José A Obeso
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- University CEU-San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Abe Y, Yagishita S, Sano H, Sugiura Y, Dantsuji M, Suzuki T, Mochizuki A, Yoshimaru D, Hata J, Matsumoto M, Taira S, Takeuchi H, Okano H, Ohno N, Suematsu M, Inoue T, Nambu A, Watanabe M, Tanaka KF. Shared GABA transmission pathology in dopamine agonist- and antagonist-induced dyskinesia. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101208. [PMID: 37774703 PMCID: PMC10591040 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Dyskinesia is involuntary movement caused by long-term medication with dopamine-related agents: the dopamine agonist 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) to treat Parkinson's disease (L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia [LID]) or dopamine antagonists to treat schizophrenia (tardive dyskinesia [TD]). However, it remains unknown why distinct types of medications for distinct neuropsychiatric disorders induce similar involuntary movements. Here, we search for a shared structural footprint using magnetic resonance imaging-based macroscopic screening and super-resolution microscopy-based microscopic identification. We identify the enlarged axon terminals of striatal medium spiny neurons in LID and TD model mice. Striatal overexpression of the vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter (VGAT) is necessary and sufficient for modeling these structural changes; VGAT levels gate the functional and behavioral alterations in dyskinesia models. Our findings indicate that lowered type 2 dopamine receptor signaling with repetitive dopamine fluctuations is a common cause of VGAT overexpression and late-onset dyskinesia formation and that reducing dopamine fluctuation rescues dyskinesia pathology via VGAT downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Abe
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Sho Yagishita
- Laboratory of Structural Physiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sano
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Division of Behavioral Pharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masanori Dantsuji
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ayako Mochizuki
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshimaru
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - Mami Matsumoto
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shu Taira
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1248, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; Division of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomio Inoue
- Department of Oral Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Courtney CD, Pamukcu A, Chan CS. Cell and circuit complexity of the external globus pallidus. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1147-1159. [PMID: 37336974 PMCID: PMC11382492 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The external globus pallidus (GPe) of the basal ganglia has been underappreciated owing to poor understanding of its cells and circuits. It was assumed that the GPe consisted of a homogeneous neuron population primarily serving as a 'relay station' for information flowing through the indirect basal ganglia pathway. However, the advent of advanced tools in rodent models has sparked a resurgence in interest in the GPe. Here, we review recent data that have unveiled the cell and circuit complexity of the GPe. These discoveries have revealed that the GPe does not conform to traditional views of the basal ganglia. In particular, recent evidence confirms that the afferent and efferent connections of the GPe span both the direct and the indirect pathways. Furthermore, the GPe displays broad interconnectivity beyond the basal ganglia, consistent with its emerging multifaceted roles in both motor and non-motor functions. In summary, recent data prompt new proposals for computational rules of the basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor D Courtney
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arin Pamukcu
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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9
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Sano H, Nambu A. Behavioral effects of zonisamide on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease model mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1221341. [PMID: 37441679 PMCID: PMC10333504 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1221341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Zonisamide (ZNS; 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-methanesulfonamide) was initially developed and is commonly used as an anticonvulsant drug. However, it has also shown its beneficial effects on Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Recent clinical studies have suggested that ZNS can also have beneficial effects on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), which is a major side effect of long-term L-DOPA treatments for PD. In the present study, we examined the behavioral effects of ZNS on LID in PD model mice. Acute ZNS treatment did not have any observable behavioral effects on LID. Contrastingly, chronic ZNS treatment with L-DOPA delayed the peak of LID and reduced the severity of LID before the peak but increased the duration of LID in a dose-dependent manner of ZNS compared to PD model mice treated with L-DOPA alone. Thus, ZNS appears to have both beneficial and adverse effects on LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Sano
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
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10
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Nakahara K, Okuda H, Isonishi A, Kawabe Y, Tanaka T, Tatsumi K, Wanaka A. Amino acid transporter Asc-1 (SLC7A10) expression is altered in basal ganglia in experimental Parkinsonism and L-dopa-induced dyskinesia model mice. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 127:102191. [PMID: 36403747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), a decrease in dopamine levels in the striatum causes abnormal circuit activity in the basal ganglia, resulting in increased output via the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). A characteristic feature of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the basal ganglia circuitry under conditions of dopamine depletion is enhanced synaptic activity of NMDA receptors. However, the cause of this NMDA receptor hyperactivity is not fully understood. We focused on Asc-1 (SLC7A10), an alanine-serine-cysteine transporter, as one of the factors that regulate NMDA receptor activity by modulating D-serine and glycine concentration in synaptic clefts. We generated PD model mice by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the unilateral medial forebrain bundle and analyzed the expression level of Asc-1 mRNA in the nuclei of basal ganglia (the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe), subthalamic nucleus (STN), and SNr) compared to control mice. Each nucleus was dissected using laser microdissection, and RNA was extracted and quantified by quantitative PCR. Asc-1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the GPe and lower in the SNr under the PD state than that in control naïve mice. The STN showed no change in Asc-1 mRNA expression. We further modeled L-dopa-induced dyskinesia by administering L-dopa continuously for 14 days to the PD model mice and found that Asc-1 mRNA expression in the GPe and SNr became close to that of control mice, regardless of the presence of abnormal involuntary movements. The present study revealed that Asc-1 mRNA expression is differentially regulated in the basal ganglionic nuclei in response to striatal dopamine concentration (depleted or replenished) and suggests that Asc-1 can be a therapeutic target for the amelioration of motor symptoms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nakahara
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okuda
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ayami Isonishi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshie Kawabe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tatsuhide Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kouko Tatsumi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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11
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Vegas-Suárez S, Morera-Herreras T, Requejo C, Lafuente JV, Moratalla R, Miguélez C, Ugedo L. Motor cortico-nigral and cortico-entopeduncular information transmission and its modulation by buspirone in control and after dopaminergic denervation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:953652. [PMID: 36133803 PMCID: PMC9483552 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.953652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical information is transferred to the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and the entopeduncular nucleus (EP), the output structures of the basal ganglia (BG), through three different pathways: the hyperdirect trans-subthalamic and the direct and indirect trans-striatal pathways. The nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) and the activation of 5-HT1A receptors, distributed all along the BG, may modulate cortical information transmission. We aimed to investigate the effect of buspirone (5-HT1A receptor partial agonist) and WAY-100635 (5-HT1A receptor antagonist) on cortico-nigral and cortico-entopeduncular transmission in normal and DA loss conditions. Herein, simultaneous electrical stimulation of the motor cortex and single-unit extracellular recordings of SNr or EP neurons were conducted in urethane-anesthetized sham and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats before and after drug administrations. Motor cortex stimulation evoked monophasic, biphasic, or triphasic responses, combination of an early excitation, an inhibition, and a late excitation in both the SNr and EP, while an altered pattern of evoked response was observed in the SNr after 6-OHDA lesion. Systemic buspirone potentiated the direct cortico-SNr and cortico-EP transmission in sham animals since increased duration of the inhibitory response was observed. In DA denervated animals, buspirone administration enhanced early excitation amplitude in the cortico-SNr transmission. In both cases, the observed effects were mediated via a 5-HT1A-dependent mechanism as WAY-100635 administration blocked buspirone's effect. These findings suggest that in control condition, buspirone potentiates direct pathway transmission and DA loss modulates responses related to the hyperdirect pathway. Overall, the results may contribute to understanding the role of 5-HT1A receptors and DA in motor cortico-BG circuitry functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Vegas-Suárez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Autonomic and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Morera-Herreras
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Autonomic and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Catalina Requejo
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Miguélez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Autonomic and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Luisa Ugedo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Autonomic and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
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Phosphodiesterase 10A Inhibition Modulates the Corticostriatal Activity and L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080947. [PMID: 36015095 PMCID: PMC9415800 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The facilitation of corticostriatal transmission is modulated by the pharmacological inhibition of striatal phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A). Since L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is associated with abnormal corticostriatal transmission, we hypothesized that inhibition of PDE10A would modulate L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) by regulating corticostriatal activity. 6-OHDA-lesioned rats were chronically treated with L-DOPA for one week. After that, for two additional weeks, animals were treated with the PDE10A inhibitor PDM-042 (1 and 3 mg/kg) one hour before L-DOPA. Behavioral analyses were performed to quantify abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and to assess the antiparkinsonian effects of L-DOPA. Single-unit extracellular electrophysiological recordings were performed in vivo to characterize the responsiveness of MSNs to cortical stimulation. The low dose of PDM-042 had an antidyskinetic effect (i.e., attenuated peak-dose dyskinesia) and did not interfere with cortically evoked spike activity. Conversely, the high dose of PDM-042 did not affect peak-dose dyskinesia, prolonged AIMs, and increased cortically evoked spike activity. These data suggest that the facilitation of corticostriatal transmission is likely to contribute to the expression of AIMs. Therefore, cyclic nucleotide manipulation is an essential target in controlling LID.
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Transient Response of Basal Ganglia Network in Healthy and Low-Dopamine State. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0376-21.2022. [PMID: 35140075 PMCID: PMC8938981 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0376-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG) are crucial for a variety of motor and cognitive functions. Changes induced by persistent low-dopamine (e.g., in Parkinson’s disease; PD) result in aberrant changes in steady-state population activity (β band oscillations) and the transient response of the BG. Typically, a brief cortical stimulation results in a triphasic response in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr; an output of the BG). The properties of the triphasic responses are shaped by dopamine levels. While mechanisms underlying aberrant steady state activity are well studied, it is still unclear which BG interactions are crucial for the aberrant transient responses in the BG. Moreover, it is also unclear whether mechanisms underlying the aberrant changes in steady-state activity and transient response are the same. Here, we used numerical simulations of a network model of BG to identify the key factors that determine the shape of the transient responses. We show that an aberrant transient response of the SNr in the low-dopamine state involves changes in the direct pathway and the recurrent interactions within the globus pallidus externa (GPe) and between GPe and subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, the connections from D2-type spiny projection neurons (D2-SPN) to GPe are most crucial in shaping the transient response and by restoring them to their healthy level, we could restore the shape of transient response even in low-dopamine state. Finally, we show that the changes in BG that result in aberrant transient response are also sufficient to generate pathologic oscillatory activity in the steady state.
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Darbin O, Indriani DW, Ardalan A, Eghbalnia HR, Assadi A, Nambu A, Montgomery E. Spectrum dependency to Rate and Spike Timing in neuronal spike trains. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 372:109532. [PMID: 35182602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spike trains are series of interspike intervals in a specific order that can be characterized by their probability distributions and order in time which refer to the concepts of rate and spike timing features. Periodic structure in the spike train can be reflected in oscillatory activities. Thus, there is a direct link between oscillator activities and the spike train. The proposed methods are to investigate the dependency of emerging oscillatory activities to the rate and the spike timing features. METHOD First, the circular statistics methods were compared to Fast Fourier Transform for best estimation of spectra. Second, two statistical tests were introduced to help make decisions regarding the dependency of spectrum, or individual frequencies, onto rate and spike timing. Third, the methodology is applied to in-vivo recordings of basal ganglia neurons in mouse, primate, and human. Finally, this novel framework is shown to allow the investigation of subsets of spikes contributing to individual oscillators. RESULTS Use of circular statistical methods, in comparison to FFT, minimizes spectral leakage. Using virtual spike trains, the Rate versus Timing Dependency Spectrum Test (or RTDs-Test) permits identifying spectral spike trains solely dependent on the rate feature from those that are also dependent on the spike timing feature. Similarly, the Rate versus Timing Dependency Frequency Test (or RTDf-Test), allows to identify individual oscillators with partial dependency on spike timing. Dependency on spike timing was found for all in-vivo recordings but only in few frequencies. The mapping in frequency and time of dependencies showed a dynamical process that may be organizing the basal ganglia function. CONCLUSIONS The methodology may improve our understanding of the emergence of oscillatory activities and, possibly, the relation between oscillatory activities and circuitry functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Darbin
- Department of Neurology, University South Alabama, 307 University Blvd, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, JAPAN.
| | - Dwi Wahyu Indriani
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, JAPAN; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, JAPAN
| | - Adel Ardalan
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, 3227 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Hamid R Eghbalnia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics. UConn Health. 263 Farmington Avenue Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Amir Assadi
- Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 480 Lincoln Drive, 213 Van Vleck Hall, Madison, WI 53706 5, USA
| | - Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, JAPAN; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, JAPAN
| | - Erwin Montgomery
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, CA, USA
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Bazi Alahri M, Arshadizadeh R, Raeisi M, Khatami M, Sadat Sajadi M, Kamal Abdelbasset W, Akhmadeev R, Iravani S. Theranostic applications of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)-based materials in brain disorders: Recent advances and challenges. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Koketsu D, Chiken S, Hisatsune T, Miyachi S, Nambu A. Elimination of the Cortico-Subthalamic Hyperdirect Pathway Induces Motor Hyperactivity in Mice. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5502-5510. [PMID: 34001630 PMCID: PMC8221597 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1330-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is the output station of the basal ganglia and receives cortical inputs by way of the following three basal ganglia pathways: the cortico-subthalamo (STN)-SNr hyperdirect, the cortico-striato-SNr direct, and the cortico-striato-external pallido-STN-SNr indirect pathways. Compared with the classical direct and indirect pathways via the striatum, the functions of the hyperdirect pathway remain to be fully elucidated. Here we used a photodynamic technique to selectively eliminate the cortico-STN projection in male mice and observed neuronal activity and motor behaviors in awake conditions. After cortico-STN elimination, cortically evoked early excitation in the SNr was diminished, while the cortically evoked inhibition and late excitation, which are delivered through the direct and indirect pathways, respectively, were unchanged. In addition, locomotor activity was significantly increased after bilateral cortico-STN elimination, and apomorphine-induced ipsilateral rotations were observed after unilateral cortico-STN elimination, suggesting that cortical activity was increased. These results are compatible with the notion that the cortico-STN-SNr hyperdirect pathway quickly conveys cortical excitation to the output station of the basal ganglia, resets or suppresses the cortical activity related to ongoing movements, and prepares for the forthcoming movement.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The basal ganglia play a pivotal role in the control of voluntary movements, and their malfunctions lead to movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia. Understanding their functions is important to find better treatments for such diseases. Here we used a photodynamic technique to selectively eliminate the projection from the motor cortex to the subthalamic nucleus, the input station of the basal ganglia, and found greatly reduced early excitatory signals from the cortex to the output station of the basal ganglia and motor hyperactivity. These results suggest that the neuronal signals through the cortico-subthalamic hyperdirect pathway reset or suppress ongoing movements and that blockade of this pathway may be beneficial for Parkinson's disease, which is characterized by oversuppression of movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koketsu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Satomi Chiken
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hisatsune
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Miyachi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama 484-8506, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nambu
- Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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