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Mady RF, El-Temsahy MM, Issa YA, Zaghloul AS, Khedr SI. MicroRNA mmu-miR-511-5p: A promising Diagnostic Biomarker in Experimental Toxoplasmosis Using Different Strains and Infective Doses in Mice with Different Immune States Before and After Treatment. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:1253-1266. [PMID: 38743178 PMCID: PMC11182863 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00851-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Searching for a novel early diagnostic biomarker for toxoplasmosis, real-time-PCR was currently used to measure the serum mmu-miR-511-5p level in male Swiss-albino mice infected with either; ME49 or RH Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) strains. METHODS Three mice groups were used; (GI) constituted the non-infected control group, while (GII) and (GIII) were experimentally infected with ME49 or RH strains, respectively. GII mice were orally infected using 10 or 20 ME49 cysts (ME-10 and ME-20), both were subdivided into; non-treated (ME-10-NT and ME-20-NT) and were further subdivided into; immunocompetent (ME-10-IC and ME-20-IC) [euthanized 3-days, 1, 2, 6 or 8-weeks post-infection (PI)], and immunosuppressed using two Endoxan® injections (ME-10-IS and ME-20-IS) [euthanized 6- or 8-weeks PI], and spiramycin-treated (ME-10-SP and ME-20-SP) that received daily spiramycin, for one-week before euthanasia. GIII mice individually received 2500 intraperitoneal RH strain tachyzoites, then, were subdivided into; non-treated (RH-NT) [euthanized 3 or 5-days PI], and spiramycin-treated (RH-SP) that were euthanized 5 or 10-days PI (refer to the graphical abstract). RESULTS Revealed significant upregulation of mmu-miR-511-5p in GII, one-week PI, with gradually increased expression, reaching its maximum 8-weeks PI, especially in ME-20-NT group that received the higher infective dose. Immunosuppression increased the upregulation. Contrarily, treatment caused significant downregulation. GIII recorded significant upregulation 3-days PI, yet, treatment significantly decreased this expression. CONCLUSION Serum mmu-miR-511-5p is a sensitive biomarker for early diagnosis of ME49 and RH infection (as early as one-week and 3-days, respectively), and its expression varies according to T. gondii infective dose, duration of infection, spiramycin-treatment and host immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Fadly Mady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 2nd Floor, El Mowasah Medical and Educational Complex, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Mohamed El-Temsahy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 2nd Floor, El Mowasah Medical and Educational Complex, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Amr Issa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Arab Academy of Science, Technology and Maritime transport, New Alamein campus, Egypt
| | - Aya Saied Zaghloul
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 2nd Floor, El Mowasah Medical and Educational Complex, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Safaa Ibrahim Khedr
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 2nd Floor, El Mowasah Medical and Educational Complex, Alexandria, Egypt.
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2
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Timmermans S, Vandewalle J, Libert C. Dimerization of the Glucocorticoid Receptor and Its Importance in (Patho)physiology: A Primer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040683. [PMID: 35203332 PMCID: PMC8870481 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a very versatile protein that comes in several forms, interacts with many proteins and has multiple functions. Numerous therapies are based on GRs’ actions but the occurrence of side effects and reduced responses to glucocorticoids have motivated scientists to study GRs in great detail. The notion that GRs can perform functions as a monomeric protein, but also as a homodimer has raised questions about the underlying mechanisms, structural aspects of dimerization, influencing factors and biological functions. In this review paper, we are providing an overview of the current knowledge and insights about this important aspect of GR biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Timmermans
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.T.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.T.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (S.T.); (J.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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3
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Arefian N. Regulatory Role of Non-Coding RNAs on Immune Responses During Sepsis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:798713. [PMID: 34956235 PMCID: PMC8695688 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.798713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is resulted from a systemic inflammatory response to bacterial, viral, or fungal agents. The induced inflammatory response by these microorganisms can lead to multiple organ system failure with devastating consequences. Recent studies have shown altered expressions of several non-coding RNAs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) during sepsis. These transcripts have also been found to participate in the pathogenesis of multiple organ system failure through different mechanisms. NEAT1, MALAT1, THRIL, XIST, MIAT and TUG1 are among lncRNAs that participate in the pathoetiology of sepsis-related complications. miR-21, miR-155, miR-15a-5p, miR-494-3p, miR-218, miR-122, miR-208a-5p, miR-328 and miR-218 are examples of miRNAs participating in these complications. Finally, tens of circRNAs such as circC3P1, hsa_circRNA_104484, hsa_circRNA_104670 and circVMA21 and circ-PRKCI have been found to affect pathogenesis of sepsis. In the current review, we describe the role of these three classes of noncoding RNAs in the pathoetiology of sepsis-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Normohammad Arefian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Rahman S, Vandewalle J, van Hamersveld PHP, Verseijden C, Welting O, Jongejan A, Casanova P, Meijer SL, Libert C, Hakvoort TBM, de Jonge WJ, Heinsbroek SEM. miR-511 Deficiency Protects Mice from Experimental Colitis by Reducing TLR3 and TLR4 Responses via WD Repeat and FYVE-Domain-Containing Protein 1. Cells 2021; 11:58. [PMID: 35011620 PMCID: PMC8750561 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial responses play an important role in maintaining intestinal heath. Recently we reported that miR-511 may regulate TLR4 responses leading to enhanced intestinal inflammation. However, the exact mechanism remained unclear. In this study we investigated the effect of miR-511 deficiency on anti-microbial responses and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. miR-511-deficient mice were protected from DSS-induced colitis as shown by significantly lower disease activity index, weight loss and histology scores in the miR-511-deficient group. Furthermore, reduced inflammatory cytokine responses were observed in colons of miR-511 deficient mice. In vitro studies with bone marrow-derived M2 macrophages showed reduced TLR3 and TLR4 responses in miR-511-deficient macrophages compared to WT macrophages. Subsequent RNA sequencing revealed Wdfy1 as the potential miR-511 target. WDFY1 deficiency is related to impaired TLR3/TLR4 immune responses and the expression was downregulated in miR-511-deficient macrophages and colons. Together, this study shows that miR-511 is involved in the regulation of intestinal inflammation through downstream regulation of TLR3 and TLR4 responses via Wdfy1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafaque Rahman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (J.V.); (C.L.)
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia H. P. van Hamersveld
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Caroline Verseijden
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Olaf Welting
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Pierina Casanova
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Sybren L. Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Claude Libert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (J.V.); (C.L.)
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Theodorus B. M. Hakvoort
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sigrid E. M. Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (P.H.P.v.H.); (C.V.); (O.W.); (P.C.); (T.B.M.H.); (S.E.M.H.)
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Reichardt SD, Amouret A, Muzzi C, Vettorazzi S, Tuckermann JP, Lühder F, Reichardt HM. The Role of Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112921. [PMID: 34831143 PMCID: PMC8616489 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For more than 70 years, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been a powerful and affordable treatment option for inflammatory diseases. However, their benefits do not come without a cost, since GCs also cause side effects. Therefore, strong efforts are being made to improve their therapeutic index. In this review, we illustrate the mechanisms and target cells of GCs in the pathogenesis and treatment of some of the most frequent inflammatory disorders affecting the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, the lung, and the joints, as well as graft-versus-host disease, which often develops after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, an overview is provided of novel approaches aimed at improving GC therapy based on chemical modifications or GC delivery using nanoformulations. GCs remain a topic of highly active scientific research despite being one of the oldest class of drugs in medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille D. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Agathe Amouret
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Chiara Muzzi
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.V.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Jan P. Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.V.); (J.P.T.)
| | - Fred Lühder
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Holger M. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (S.D.R.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-3963365
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6
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Lu L, Huang J, Deng X, Sun X, Dong J. Application of glucocorticoids in patients with novel coronavirus infection: From bench to bedside. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s257590002030009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have potential anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. There is plenty of controversy about the application of glucocorticoids in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This paper briefly summarizes the mechanism of glucocorticoids and their receptors and clinical applications in COVID-19. Through reviewing the current literature, our aim is to have a deeper understanding of the mechanism of GCs and their clinical applications, so as to find possible ways to enhance their efficacy and reduce drug resistance or side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Deng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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MicroRNAs: An Update of Applications in Forensic Science. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:diagnostics11010032. [PMID: 33375374 PMCID: PMC7823886 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs containing 18–24 nucleotides that are involved in the regulation of many biochemical mechanisms in the human body. The level of miRNAs in body fluids and tissues increases because of altered pathophysiological mechanisms, thus they are employed as biomarkers for various diseases and conditions. In recent years, miRNAs obtained a great interest in many fields of forensic medicine given their stability and specificity. Several specific miRNAs have been studied in body fluid identification, in wound vitality in time of death determination, in drowning, in the anti-doping field, and other forensic fields. However, the major problems are (1) lack of universal protocols for diagnostic expression testing and (2) low reproducibility of independent studies. This review is an update on the application of these molecular markers in forensic biology.
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Hashemian SM, Pourhanifeh MH, Fadaei S, Velayati AA, Mirzaei H, Hamblin MR. Non-coding RNAs and Exosomes: Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:51-74. [PMID: 32506014 PMCID: PMC7272511 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized as an uncontrolled host response to infection, and it represents a serious health challenge, causing excess mortality and morbidity worldwide. The discovery of sepsis-related epigenetic and molecular mechanisms could result in improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, leading to a reduced overall risk for affected patients. Accumulating data show that microRNAs, non-coding RNAs, and exosomes could all be considered as novel diagnostic markers for sepsis patients. These biomarkers have been demonstrated to be involved in regulation of sepsis pathophysiology. However, epigenetic modifications have not yet been widely reported in actual clinical settings, and further investigation is required to determine their importance in intensive care patients. Further studies should be carried out to explore tissue-specific or organ-specific epigenetic RNA-based biomarkers and their therapeutic potential in sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed MohammadReza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Fadaei
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Velayati
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
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9
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Beltrán-García J, Osca-Verdegal R, Nacher-Sendra E, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL. Circular RNAs in Sepsis: Biogenesis, Function, and Clinical Significance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061544. [PMID: 32630422 PMCID: PMC7349763 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body responds to an infection that damages it is own tissues. The major problem in sepsis is rapid, vital status deterioration in patients, which can progress to septic shock with multiple organ failure if not properly treated. As there are no specific treatments, early diagnosis is mandatory to reduce high mortality. Despite more than 170 different biomarkers being postulated, early sepsis diagnosis and prognosis remain a challenge for clinicians. Recent findings propose that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may play a prominent role in regulating the patients’ immune system against different pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. Mounting evidence also suggests that the misregulation of circRNAs is an early event in a wide range of diseases, including sepsis. Despite circRNA levels being altered in sepsis, the specific mechanisms controlling the dysregulation of these noncoding RNAs are not completely elucidated, although many factors are known to affect circRNA biogenesis. Therefore, there is a need to explore the molecular pathways that lead to this disorder. This review describes the role of this new class of regulatory RNAs in sepsis and the feasibility of using circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis, opening up new avenues for circRNA-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Beltrán-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain;
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain;
| | - Elena Nacher-Sendra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain;
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain;
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 València, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Van Looveren K, Timmermans S, Vanderhaeghen T, Wallaeys C, Ballegeer M, Souffriau J, Eggermont M, Vandewalle J, Van Wyngene L, De Bosscher K, Libert C. Glucocorticoids limit lipopolysaccharide-induced lethal inflammation by a double control system. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49762. [PMID: 32383538 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can lead to a lethal endotoxemia, which is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) characterized by a systemic release of cytokines, such as TNF. Endotoxemia is studied intensely, as a model system of Gram-negative infections. LPS- and TNF-induced SIRS involve a strong induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), some of which cause cell death in the intestinal epithelium cells (IECs). It is well known that glucocorticoids (GCs) protect against endotoxemia. By applying numerous mutant mouse lines, our data support a model whereby GCs, via their glucocorticoid receptor (GR), apply two key mechanisms to control endotoxemia, (i) at the level of suppression of TNF production in a GR monomer-dependent way in macrophages and (ii) at the level of inhibition of TNFR1-induced ISG gene expression and necroptotic cell death mediators in IECs in a GR dimer-dependent way. Our data add new important insights to the understanding of the role of TNF in endotoxemia and the two separate key roles of GCs in suppressing TNF production and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Van Looveren
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Timmermans
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Wallaeys
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marlies Ballegeer
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Souffriau
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melanie Eggermont
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lise Van Wyngene
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Awuah D, Alobaid M, Latif A, Salazar F, Emes RD, Ghaemmaghami AM. The Cross-Talk between miR-511-3p and C-Type Lectin Receptors on Dendritic Cells Affects Dendritic Cell Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:148-157. [PMID: 31118225 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that function as posttranscriptional modulators of gene expression by binding target mRNAs and inhibiting translation. They are therefore crucial regulators of several biological as well as immunological events. Recently, miR-511-3p has been implicated in the development and differentiation of APCs, such as dendritic cells (DCs), and regulating several human diseases. Interestingly, miR-511-3p is embedded within the human MRC1 gene that encodes the mannose receptor. In this study, we sought to examine the impact of miR-511-3p up- or downregulation on human DC surface phenotype, cytokine profile, immunogenicity (using IDO activity as a surrogate), and downstream T cell polarization. Using gene silencing and a selection of microRNA mimics, we could successfully suppress or induce the expression of miR-511-3p in DCs. Consequently, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that inhibition and/or overexpression of miR-511-3p has opposing effects on the expression levels of two key C-type lectin receptors, namely the mannose receptor and DC-specific ICAM 3 nonintegrin at protein and mRNA levels, thereby affecting C-type lectin receptor-induced modulation of IDO activity in DCs. Furthermore, we show that downregulation of miR-511-3p drives an anti-inflammatory DC response characterized by IL-10 production. Interestingly, the miR-511-3plow DCs also promoted IL-4 secretion and suppressed IL-17 in cocultures with autologous T cells. Together, our data highlight the potential role of miR-511 in regulating DC function and downstream events leading to Th polarization and immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Awuah
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Meshal Alobaid
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Arsalan Latif
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Fabián Salazar
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard D Emes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5NT, United Kingdom; and.,Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5NT, United Kingdom
| | - Amir M Ghaemmaghami
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom;
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12
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Petta I, Peene I, Elewaut D, Vereecke L, De Bosscher K. Risks and benefits of corticosteroids in arthritic diseases in the clinic. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:112-125. [PMID: 30978323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) constitute a first line treatment for many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Due to their potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions, GCs are added frequently to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in various arthritic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, their prolonged administration or administration at high doses is associated with adverse effects that may be (quality of) life-threatening, including osteoporosis, metabolic, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects. In this review, we summarize the clinical and pharmacological effects of GCs in different arthritic diseases, while documenting the current research efforts towards the identification of novel and more efficient GCs with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Petta
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Peene
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Rheumatology, AZ SintJan, Ruddershove 10, 8000 Brugge, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lars Vereecke
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Host-Microbiota Interaction Lab (HMI) and Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent University, Technologiepark 71 - Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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13
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Xu J, Wang R, Liu Y, Wang W, Liu D, Jiang H, Pan F. Short- and long-term alterations of FKBP5-GR and specific microRNAs in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of male rats induced by adolescent stress contribute to depression susceptibility. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 101:204-215. [PMID: 30469088 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is involved in susceptibility to depression. Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and the co-chaperone protein, FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5), play crucial roles in dysfunction of the HPA axis. Further, certain microRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-124a and miR-18a, which could reduce GR protein expression, contribute to affective disorders, while miR-511 as a regulator of FKBP5 is involved in an increased risk of depression. However, the short-term and persistent impacts of adolescent stress on miR-124a, miR-18a, and miR-511 expressions in the brain are unknown. Using depression models of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) or dexamethasone administration of adolescent rats, the authors of the present study probed the depressive-like behaviors, GR and FKBP5 expressions, and miR-124a, miR-18a, and miR-511 expressions in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. The GR antagonist RU486 was used as intervention. The results revealed that both CUMS and dexamethasone administration in the adolescent period resulted in anhedonia, altered locomotor behaviors, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. A remarkable decrease in GR expression, and increase in FKBP5, miR-124a, and miR-18a expressions were detected in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of adolescent rats. Furthermore, the similar long-term changes on behaviors and expressions of GR, FKBP5 and GR-related microRNAs were found in the adult rats following CUMS and dexamethasone treatment in adolescence. However, reduced miR-511 expression was observed only in the prefrontal cortex of adult rats exposed to adolescent CUMS or dexamethasone administration. These data suggested that the downregulation of GR, upregulation of FKBP5, miR-124a, and miR-18a in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and downregulation of miR-511 in the prefrontal cortex were relevant to depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Ethic, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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14
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Chronic psychological stress impairs germinal center response by repressing miR-155. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:48-60. [PMID: 30414952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinal centers (GC) are vital to adaptive immunity. BCL6 and miR-155 are implicated in control of GC reaction and lymphomagenesis. FBXO11 causes BCL6 degradation through ubiquitination in B-cell lymphomas. Chronic psychological stress is known to drive immunosuppression. Corticosterone (CORT) is an adrenal hormone expressed in response to stress and can similarly impair immune functions. However, whether GC formation is disrupted by chronic psychological stress and its molecular mechanism remain to be elucidated. To address this issue, we established a GC formation model in vivo, and a GC B cell differentiation model in vitro. Comparing Naive B cells to GC B cells in vivo and in vitro, the differences of BCL6 and FBXO11 mRNA do not match the changes at the protein level and miR-155 levels that were observed. Next we demonstrated that CORT increase, induced by chronic psychological stress, reduced GC response, IgG1 antibody production and miR-155 level in vivo. The effect of chronic psychological stress can be blocked by a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist. Similarly, impaired GC B cell generation and isotope class switching were observed. Furthermore, we found that miR-155 and BCL6 expression were downregulated, but FBXO11 expression was upregulated in GC B cells treated with CORT in vitro. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-155 directly down-regulated FBXO11 expression by binding to its 3́-untranslated region. The subsequent overexpression of miR-155 significantly blocked the stress-induced impairment of GC response, due to changes in FBXO11 and BCL6 expression, as well as increased apoptosis in B cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest perturbation of GC reaction may play a role in chronic psychological stress-induced immunosuppression through a glucocorticoid pathway, and miR-155-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of FBXO11 and BCL6 expression may contribute to the impaired GC response.
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15
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Van Looveren K, Libert C. Should we target TNF receptors in the intestinal epithelium with glucocorticoids during systemic inflammation? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:1029-1037. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1539078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Van Looveren
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Defining the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1529-1543. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20171505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An established body of knowledge and clinical practice has argued in favor of the use of glucocorticoids in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the very well-known adverse effects associated with their treatment hampers continuation of therapy with glucocorticoids. Analyses of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of glucocorticoids have led to the discovery of several mediators that add complexity and diversity to the puzzling world of these hormones and anti-inflammatory drugs. Such mediators hold great promise as alternative pharmacologic tools to be used as anti-inflammatory drugs with the same properties as glucocorticoids, but avoiding their metabolic side effects. This review summarizes findings about the molecular targets and mediators of glucocorticoid function.
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17
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Timmermans S, Souffriau J, Vandewalle J, Van Wyngene L, Van Looveren K, Vanderhaeghen T, Libert C. Using the inbred mouse strain SPRET/EiJ to provide novel insights in inflammation and infection research. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:585-592. [PMID: 29947962 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inbred mouse strains derived from the species Mus spretus have been very informative in the study of certain gene polymorphisms in inflammation and infection. Based on our interest in sepsis, we used SPRET/EiJ mice and mapped several critical loci that are linked to sensitivity to cytokine-induced inflammation and endotoxemia. These studies were based on prominent phenotypes that have never been observed in strains derived from Mus musculus and we mapped them at a resolution that enables us to draw conclusions on the mechanisms. Now that the genome of SPRET/EiJ has been sequenced, and other tools have become available, it is time to revisit this strain and emphasize its advantages and disadvantages as a research tool and a discovery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Timmermans
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Souffriau
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lise Van Wyngene
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Van Looveren
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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18
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Sun W, Gao Q, Schaefke B, Hu Y, Chen W. Pervasive allele-specific regulation on RNA decay in hybrid mice. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800052. [PMID: 30456349 PMCID: PMC6238540 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular RNA abundance is determined by both RNA transcription and decay. Therefore, change in RNA abundance, which can drive phenotypic diversity between different species, could arise from genetic variants affecting either process. However, previous studies in the evolution of RNA expression have been largely focused on transcription. Here, to globally investigate the effects of cis-regulatory divergence on RNA decay in mammals for the first time, we quantified allele-specific differences in RNA decay rates (ASD) in an F1 hybrid mouse. Out of 8,815 genes with sufficient data, we identified 621 genes exhibiting significant cis-divergence. Systematic analysis of these genes revealed that the genetic variants affecting microRNA binding and RNA secondary structures contribute to the observed divergences. Finally, we demonstrated that although the divergences in RNA abundance were predominantly determined by allelic differences in RNA transcription, most genes with significant ASD did not exhibit significant difference in RNA abundance. For these genes, the apparently compensatory effect between the allelic differences in RNA transcription and ASD suggests that changes in RNA decay could serve as important means to stabilize RNA abundances during mammalian evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Laboratory for Functional and Medical Genomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Qingsong Gao
- Laboratory for Functional and Medical Genomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schaefke
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhui Hu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Medi-X Institute, SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Nunes S, Silva IB, Ampuero MR, de Noronha ALL, de Souza LCL, Correia TC, Khouri R, Boaventura VS, Barral A, Ramos PIP, Brodskyn C, Oliveira PRS, Tavares NM. Integrated Analysis Reveals That miR-193b, miR-671, and TREM-1 Correlate With a Good Response to Treatment of Human Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania braziliensis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:640. [PMID: 29670621 PMCID: PMC5893808 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) is a chronic disease characterized by ulcerated skin lesion(s) and uncontrolled inflammation. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of LCL are not completely understood, and little is known about posttranscriptional regulation during LCL. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that regulate gene expression and can be implicated in the pathogenesis of LCL. We investigated the involvement of miRNAs and their targets genes in human LCL using publicly available transcriptome data sets followed by ex vivo validation. Initial analysis highlighted that miRNA expression is altered during LCL, as patients clustered separately from controls. Joint analysis identified eight high confidence miRNAs that had altered expression (−1.5 ≤ fold change ≥ 1.5; p < 0.05) between cutaneous ulcers and uninfected skin. We found that the expression of miR-193b and miR-671 are greatly associated with their target genes, CD40 and TNFR, indicating the important role of these miRNAs in the expression of genes related to the inflammatory response observed in LCL. In addition, network analysis revealed that miR-193b, miR-671, and TREM1 correlate only in patients who show faster wound healing (up to 59 days) and not in patients who require longer cure times (more than 60 days). Given that these miRNAs are associated with control of inflammation and healing time, our findings reveal that they might influence the pathogenesis and prognosis of LCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nunes
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Icaro Bonyek Silva
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rosa Ampuero
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Khouri
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Viviane Sampaio Boaventura
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Aldina Barral
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Pablo Ivan Pereira Ramos
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Brodskyn
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rafael Silveira Oliveira
- Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Natalia Machado Tavares
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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20
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Buschmann D, González R, Kirchner B, Mazzone C, Pfaffl MW, Schelling G, Steinlein O, Reithmair M. Glucocorticoid receptor overexpression slightly shifts microRNA expression patterns in triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1765-1776. [PMID: 29620157 PMCID: PMC5919721 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype of breast cancer with limited options for clinical intervention. As with many solid tumors, TNBC is known to promote invasiveness and metastasis by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs) capable of modulating the behaviour of recipient cells. Recent investigations have demonstrated that high expression levels of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in TNBC are linked to therapy resistance, higher recurrence rates and increased mortality. In addition to activating protein-coding genes, GR is also involved in the expression of short non-coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs). The molecular mechanisms responsible for the oncogenic effects of GR on TNBC have yet to be fully elucidated; however, emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs may play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify GR-regulated cellular and vesicular miRNAs that might contribute to the particularly oncogenic phenotype of TNBC with a high GR expression. We analyzed miRNA profiles of three TNBC cell lines using an in vitro model of GR overexpression. Next-generation sequencing revealed minor, cell line-specific changes in cellular miRNA expression, whereas vesicular miRNAs were not significantly regulated by GR. Additionally, the analysis of predicted miRNA targets failed to establish a causal link between GR-induced miRNA expression and oncogenic signaling. On the whole, given that GR influences miRNA profiles to only a small degree, other mechanisms are more likely to be responsible for the increased mortality of patients with TNBC with a high GR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Buschmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Ricardo González
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Claudia Mazzone
- Department of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Gustav Schelling
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ortrud Steinlein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Marlene Reithmair
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
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21
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Genetic mapping of species differences via in vitro crosses in mouse embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:3680-3685. [PMID: 29563231 PMCID: PMC5889640 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717474115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering the genetic changes underlying species differences is a central goal in evolutionary genetics. However, hybrid crosses between species in mammals often suffer from hybrid sterility, greatly complicating genetic mapping of trait variation across species. Here, we describe a simple, robust, and transgene-free technique to generate "in vitro crosses" in hybrid mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells by inducing random mitotic cross-overs with the drug ML216, which inhibits the DNA helicase Bloom syndrome (BLM). Starting with an interspecific F1 hybrid ES cell line between the Mus musculus laboratory mouse and Mus spretus (∼1.5 million years of divergence), we mapped the genetic basis of drug resistance to the antimetabolite tioguanine to a single region containing hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt) in as few as 21 d through "flow mapping" by coupling in vitro crosses with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). We also show how our platform can enable direct study of developmental variation by rederiving embryos with contribution from the recombinant ES cell lines. We demonstrate how in vitro crosses can overcome major bottlenecks in mouse complex trait genetics and address fundamental questions in evolutionary biology that are otherwise intractable through traditional breeding due to high cost, small litter sizes, and/or hybrid sterility. In doing so, we describe an experimental platform toward studying evolutionary systems biology in mouse and potentially in human and other mammals, including cross-species hybrids.
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22
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Temporal Changes in Microrna Expression in Blood Leukocytes from Patients with the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Shock 2018; 47:688-695. [PMID: 27879560 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miRNA) control gene transcription by binding to and repressing the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). Their role in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is undefined. METHODS Blood leukocytes from 51 patients enrolled in a prior randomized trial of corticosteroids for ARDS were analyzed. After screening eight patients with microarrays for altered miRNA expression, 25 miRNAs were selected for further analysis using RT-PCR in all 51 patients. RESULTS On day 0, the 51 patients had APACHE III score of 60.4 ± 17.7 and PaO2/FiO2 of 117 ± 49. 21 miRNA were expressed at increased levels in blood leukocytes at the onset of ARDS compared with healthy controls. These miRNA remained elevated at day 3 and increased further by day 7 (log2 fold change from 0.66 to 5.7 fold, P <0.05 compared to day 0). In a subgroup analysis (37 patients treated with corticosteroids and 14 treated with placebo), the interaction of miRNA expression over time and steroid administration was not significant suggesting that systemic corticosteroids had no effect on the miRNA detected in our study. In contrast, corticosteroids but not placebo decreased IL-6 and C-reactive protein at day 3 (P < 0.001) demonstrating an early systemic anti-inflammatory response whereas both treatment arms had decreased values by day 7 (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Expression of miRNA is increased in blood leukocytes of patients with ARDS at day 0 and day 3 and rises further by day 7, when systemic inflammation is subsiding. These effects appear independent of the administration of steroids, suggesting different inflammatory modifying roles for each in the resolving phases of ARDS.
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23
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Clayton SA, Jones SW, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Clark AR. The role of microRNAs in glucocorticoid action. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:1865-1874. [PMID: 29301941 PMCID: PMC5808749 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r117.000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroids with profound anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Synthetic GCs are widely used for managing chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, as immunosuppressants in transplantation, and as anti-tumor agents in certain hematological cancers. However, prolonged GC exposure can cause adverse effects. A detailed understanding of GCs' mechanisms of action may enable harnessing of their desirable actions while minimizing harmful effects. Here, we review the impact on the GC biology of microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs modulate GC production by the adrenal glands and the cells' responses to GCs. Furthermore, GCs influence cell proliferation, survival, and function at least in part by regulating microRNA expression. We propose that the beneficial effects of GCs may be enhanced through combination with reagents targeting specific microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Clayton
- From the Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB.,the Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, Birmingham, and Newcastle Universities, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Simon W Jones
- From the Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB.,the Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, Birmingham, and Newcastle Universities, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Mariola Kurowska-Stolarska
- the Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, Birmingham, and Newcastle Universities, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom.,the Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, and
| | - Andrew R Clark
- From the Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, .,the Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, Birmingham, and Newcastle Universities, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
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24
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Vandewalle J, Luypaert A, De Bosscher K, Libert C. Therapeutic Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:42-54. [PMID: 29162310 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been used clinically for decades as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents. Nevertheless, their use is severely hampered by the risk of developing side effects and the occurrence of glucocorticoid resistance (GCR). Therefore, efforts to understand the complex mechanisms underlying GC function and GCR are ongoing. The goal is to generate new glucocorticoid receptor (GR) ligands that can dissociate anti-inflammatory from metabolic side effects and/or overcome GCR. In this review paper we discuss recent insights into GR-mediated actions in GCR and novel therapeutic strategies for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Astrid Luypaert
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-University of Ghent (UGent) Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-University of Ghent (UGent) Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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25
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Non-coding RNA: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for sepsis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:91765-91778. [PMID: 29207683 PMCID: PMC5710963 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a syndrome of physiologic, pathologic, and biochemical abnormalities caused by an altered systemic host response to infection, has become the main cause of death among patients admitted to the intensive care units. Recently, genome-wide expression analysis revealed that over 80% of the essential genetic elements were altered in critically ill patients. Notably, non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, have been proven to play essential roles in innate immunity, mitochondrial dysfunction and organ dysfunction. In this review, we introduced the biogenesis of non-coding RNAs briefly and summed up different kinds of non-coding RNAs in regulation of sepsis, which could provide a more comprehensive understanding about pathogenesis of the disease. Additionally, we summarized the limitations of current biomarkers and then recommended some non-coding RNAs as novel potential biomarkers for sepsis and sepsis-induced organ dysfunction. Besides, we also introduced some problems and challenges that need to be overcome during the clinical application of non-coding RNAs. Future research should focus on elucidating their molecular mechanisms, particularly long non-coding RNAs as well as circular RNAs and sepsis, to further understanding of the disease process. With the in-depth understanding of the mechanism of sepsis, non-coding RNAs provide a new insight into sepsis and could become the novel therapeutic targets in the future.
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26
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Zielińska KA, Van Moortel L, Opdenakker G, De Bosscher K, Van den Steen PE. Endothelial Response to Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2016; 7:592. [PMID: 28018358 PMCID: PMC5155119 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium plays a crucial role in inflammation. A balanced control of inflammation requires the action of glucocorticoids (GCs), steroidal hormones with potent cell-specific anti-inflammatory properties. Besides the classic anti-inflammatory effects of GCs on leukocytes, recent studies confirm that endothelial cells also represent an important target for GCs. GCs regulate different aspects of endothelial physiology including expression of adhesion molecules, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and maintenance of endothelial barrier integrity. However, the regulation of endothelial GC sensitivity remains incompletely understood. In this review, we specifically examine the endothelial response to GCs in various inflammatory diseases ranging from multiple sclerosis, stroke, sepsis, and vasculitis to atherosclerosis. Shedding more light on the cross talk between GCs and endothelium will help to improve existing therapeutic strategies and develop new therapies better tailored to the needs of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A. Zielińska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Van Moortel
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-UGent, VIB Medical Biotechnology Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-UGent, VIB Medical Biotechnology Center, Ghent, Belgium
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27
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Ho J, Chan H, Wong SH, Wang MHT, Yu J, Xiao Z, Liu X, Choi G, Leung CCH, Wong WT, Li Z, Gin T, Chan MTV, Wu WKK. The involvement of regulatory non-coding RNAs in sepsis: a systematic review. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2016; 20:383. [PMID: 27890015 PMCID: PMC5125038 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Sepsis coincides with altered gene expression in different tissues. Accumulating evidence has suggested that microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs are important molecules involved in the crosstalk with various pathways pertinent to innate immunity, mitochondrial functions, and apoptosis. Methods We searched articles indexed in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE and Europe PubMed Central databases using the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) or Title/Abstract words (“microRNA”, “long non-coding RNA”, “circular RNA”, “sepsis” and/or “septic shock”) from inception to Sep 2016. Studies investigating the role of host-derived microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA in the pathogenesis of and as biomarkers or therapeutics in sepsis were included. Data were extracted in terms of the role of non-coding RNAs in pathogenesis, and their applicability for use as biomarkers or therapeutics in sepsis. Two independent researchers assessed the quality of studies using a modified guideline from the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), a tool based on the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. Results Observational studies revealed dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in septic patients. Experimental studies confirmed their crosstalk with JNK/NF-κB and other cellular pathways pertinent to innate immunity, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis. Of the included studies, the SYRCLE scores ranged from 3 to 7 (average score of 4.55). This suggests a moderate risk of bias. Of the 10 articles investigating non-coding RNAs as biomarkers, none of them included a validation cohort. Selective reporting of sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating curve was common. Conclusions Although non-coding RNAs appear to be good candidates as biomarkers and therapeutics for sepsis, their differential expression across tissues complicated the process. Further investigation on organ-specific delivery of these regulatory molecules may be useful. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-016-1555-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery Ho
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Hung Chan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Sunny H Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China. .,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Maggie H T Wang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Gordon Choi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Czarina C H Leung
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wai T Wong
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tony Gin
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.
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28
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Heinsbroek SEM, Squadrito ML, Schilderink R, Hilbers FW, Verseijden C, Hofmann M, Helmke A, Boon L, Wildenberg ME, Roelofs JJTH, Ponsioen CY, Peters CP, Te Velde AA, Gordon S, De Palma M, de Jonge WJ. miR-511-3p, embedded in the macrophage mannose receptor gene, contributes to intestinal inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:960-73. [PMID: 26530135 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
MiR-511-3p is embedded in intron 5 of the CD206/MRC1 gene Mrc1, expressed by macrophage and dendritic cell populations. CD206 and miR-511-3p expression are co-regulated, and their contribution to intestinal inflammation is unclear. We investigated their roles in intestinal inflammation in both mouse and human systems. Colons of CD206-deficient mice displayed normal numbers of monocytes, macrophage, and dendritic cells. In experimental colitis, CD206-deficient mice had attenuated inflammation compared with wild-type (WT) mice. However, neither a CD206 antagonist nor a blocking antibody reproduced this phenotype, suggesting that CD206 was not involved in this response. Macrophages isolated from CD206-deficient mice had reduced levels of miR-511-3p and Tlr4 compared with WT, which was associated with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production upon lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and fecal supernatant stimulation. Macrophages overexpressing miR-511-3p showed 50% increase of Tlr4 mRNA, whereas knockdown of miR-511-3p reduced Tlr4 mRNA levels by 60%, compared with scrambled microRNA (miRNA)-transduced cells. Response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment has been associated with elevated macrophage CD206 expression in the mucosa. However, in colon biopsies no statistically significant change in miR-511-3p was detected. Taken together, our data show that miR-511-3p controls macrophage-mediated microbial responses and is involved in the regulation of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E M Heinsbroek
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M L Squadrito
- The Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Schilderink
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F W Hilbers
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Verseijden
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Hofmann
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Helmke
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Boon
- EPIRUS Biopharmaceuticals Netherlands BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M E Wildenberg
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J J T H Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Y Ponsioen
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C P Peters
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A A Te Velde
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Gordon
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M De Palma
- The Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - W J de Jonge
- Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Zheng D, Sabbagh JJ, Blair LJ, Darling AL, Wen X, Dickey CA. MicroRNA-511 Binds to FKBP5 mRNA, Which Encodes a Chaperone Protein, and Regulates Neuronal Differentiation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17897-906. [PMID: 27334923 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.727941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FKBP5 gene increase the expression of the FKBP51 protein and have been associated with increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Moreover, levels of FKBP51 are increased with aging and in Alzheimer disease, potentially contributing to disease pathogenesis. However, aside from its glucocorticoid responsiveness, little is known about what regulates FKBP5 In recent years, non-coding RNAs, and in particular microRNAs, have been shown to modulate disease-related genes and processes. The current study sought to investigate which miRNAs could target and functionally regulate FKBP5 Following in silico data mining and initial target expression validation, miR-511 was found to suppress FKBP5 mRNA and protein levels. Using luciferase p-miR-Report constructs and RNA pulldown assays, we confirmed that miR-511 bound directly to the 3'-UTR of FKBP5, validating the predicted gene-microRNA interaction. miR-511 suppressed glucocorticoid-induced up-regulation of FKBP51 in cells and primary neurons, demonstrating functional, disease-relevant control of the protein. Consistent with a regulator of FKBP5, miR-511 expression in the mouse brain decreased with age but increased following chronic glucocorticoid treatment. Analysis of the predicted target genes of miR-511 revealed that neurogenesis, neuronal development, and neuronal differentiation were likely controlled by these genes. Accordingly, miR-511 increased neuronal differentiation in cells and enhanced neuronal development in primary neurons. Collectively, these findings show that miR-511 is a functional regulator of FKBP5 and can contribute to neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Zheng
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613
| | - Jonathan J Sabbagh
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613
| | - Laura J Blair
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613
| | - April L Darling
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613
| | - Xiaoqi Wen
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613
| | - Chad A Dickey
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33613
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30
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Steeland S, Timmermans S, Van Ryckeghem S, Hulpiau P, Saeys Y, Van Montagu M, Vandenbroucke RE, Libert C. Efficient analysis of mouse genome sequences reveal many nonsense variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5670-5. [PMID: 27147605 PMCID: PMC4878497 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605076113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms in coding genes play an important role when using mouse inbred strains as research models. They have been shown to influence research results, explain phenotypical differences between inbred strains, and increase the amount of interesting gene variants present in the many available inbred lines. SPRET/Ei is an inbred strain derived from Mus spretus that has ∼1% sequence difference with the C57BL/6J reference genome. We obtained a listing of all SNPs and insertions/deletions (indels) present in SPRET/Ei from the Mouse Genomes Project (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute) and processed these data to obtain an overview of all transcripts having nonsynonymous coding sequence variants. We identified 8,883 unique variants affecting 10,096 different transcripts from 6,328 protein-coding genes, which is about 28% of all coding genes. Because only a subset of these variants results in drastic changes in proteins, we focused on variations that are nonsense mutations that ultimately resulted in a gain of a stop codon. These genes were identified by in silico changing the C57BL/6J coding sequences to the SPRET/Ei sequences, converting them to amino acid (AA) sequences, and comparing the AA sequences. All variants and transcripts affected were also stored in a database, which can be browsed using a SPRET/Ei M. spretus variants web tool (www.spretus.org), including a manual. We validated the tool by demonstrating the loss of function of three proteins predicted to be severely truncated, namely Fas, IRAK2, and IFNγR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Steeland
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Timmermans
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Van Ryckeghem
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Van Montagu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; International Plant Biotechnology Outreach, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Inflammation Research Center, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium;
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31
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a fascinating anti-tumoral cytokine, which plays a key role in orchestrating the fight of innate immunity against infection. Concomitantly, TNF is a major player of the inflammatory response, as illustrated by successful therapeutic strategies targeting TNF in patho logies such as Crohn’s diseases, rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. In mice, TNF is able to induce tissue injuries and lethal shock. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Puimège et al (2015) elegantly demonstrated that the lethal shock induced by TNF reflects high levels of its receptor TNFRI as seen in sensitive (Mus musculus), vs. resistant (Mus spretus) mice, where TNFR1 expression is low. They reported that this expression is under the control of a microRNA (miR-511), which itself is induced by glucocorticoids.
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32
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Rasid O, Cavaillon JM. Recent developments in severe sepsis research: from bench to bedside and back. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:293-314. [PMID: 26849633 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.15.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe sepsis remains a worldwide threat, not only in industrialized countries, due to their aging population, but also in developing countries where there still are numerous cases of neonatal and puerperal sepsis. Tools for early diagnosis, a prerequisite for rapid and appropriate antibiotic therapy, are still required. In this review, we highlight some recent developments in our understanding of the associated systemic inflammatory response that help deciphering pathophysiology (e.g., epigenetic, miRNA, regulatory loops, compartmentalization, apoptosis and synergy) and discuss some of the consequences of sepsis (e.g., immune status, neurological and muscular alterations). We also emphasize the challenge to better define animal models and discuss past failures in clinical investigations in order to define new efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Rasid
- Unit Cytokines & Inflammation, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue Dr. Roux, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Cavaillon
- Unit Cytokines & Inflammation, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue Dr. Roux, Paris, France
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33
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Benz F, Roy S, Trautwein C, Roderburg C, Luedde T. Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010078. [PMID: 26761003 PMCID: PMC4730322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis represents a major cause of lethality during intensive care unit (ICU) treatment. Pharmacological treatment strategies for sepsis are still limited and mainly based on the early initiation of antibiotic and supportive treatment. In this context, numerous clinical and serum based markers have been evaluated for the diagnosis, the severity, and the etiology of sepsis. However until now, few of these factors could be translated into clinical use. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) do not encode for proteins but regulate gene expression by inhibiting the translation or transcription of their target mRNAs. Recently it was demonstrated that miRNAs are released into the circulation and that the spectrum of circulating miRNAs might be altered during various pathologic conditions, such as inflammation, infection, and sepsis. By using array- and single PCR-based methods, a variety of deregulated miRNAs, including miR-25, miR-133a, miR-146, miR-150, and miR-223, were described in the context of sepsis. Some of the miRNAs correlated with the disease stage, as well as patients' short and long term prognosis. Here, we summarize the current findings on the role of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis and staging of sepsis in critically ill patients. We compare data from patients with findings from animal models and, finally, highlight the challenges and drawbacks that currently prevent the use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Benz
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Sanchari Roy
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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34
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De Bosscher K, Beck IM, Ratman D, Berghe WV, Libert C. Activation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Acute Inflammation: the SEDIGRAM Concept. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:4-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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