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Kiaris H. Nontraditional models as research tools: the road not taken. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00191-6. [PMID: 39069395 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Historical reasons resulted in the almost exclusive use of a few species, most prominently Mus musculus, as the mainstream models in biomedical research. This selection was not based on Mus's distinctive relevance to human disease but rather to the pre-existing availability of resources and tools for the species that were used as models, which has enabled their adoption for research in health sciences. Unless the utilization and range of nontraditional research models expand considerably, progress in biomedical research will remain restricted within the trajectory that has been set by the existing models and their ability to provide clinically relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hippokratis Kiaris
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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2
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Nicotra R, Lutz C, Messal HA, Jonkers J. Rat Models of Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2024; 29:12. [PMID: 38913216 PMCID: PMC11196369 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-024-09566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of breast cancer among women worldwide, accounting for 70-80% of all invasive cases. Patients with HR+ BC are commonly treated with endocrine therapy, but intrinsic or acquired resistance is a frequent problem, making HR+ BC a focal point of intense research. Despite this, the malignancy still lacks adequate in vitro and in vivo models for the study of its initiation and progression as well as response and resistance to endocrine therapy. No mouse models that fully mimic the human disease are available, however rat mammary tumor models pose a promising alternative to overcome this limitation. Compared to mice, rats are more similar to humans in terms of mammary gland architecture, ductal origin of neoplastic lesions and hormone dependency status. Moreover, rats can develop spontaneous or induced mammary tumors that resemble human HR+ BC. To date, six different types of rat models of HR+ BC have been established. These include the spontaneous, carcinogen-induced, transplantation, hormone-induced, radiation-induced and genetically engineered rat mammary tumor models. Each model has distinct advantages, disadvantages and utility for studying HR+ BC. This review provides a comprehensive overview of all published models to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Nicotra
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Catrin Lutz
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Hendrik A Messal
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Park BC, Soh JO, Choi HJ, Park HS, Lee SM, Fu HE, Kim MS, Ko MJ, Koo TM, Lee JY, Kim YK, Lee JH. Ultrasensitive and Rapid Circulating Tumor DNA Liquid Biopsy Using Surface-Confined Gene Amplification on Dispersible Magnetic Nano-Electrodes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12781-12794. [PMID: 38733343 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection has been acknowledged as a promising liquid biopsy approach for cancer diagnosis, with various ctDNA assays used for early detection and treatment monitoring. Dispersible magnetic nanoparticle-based electrochemical detection methods have been proposed as promising candidates for ctDNA detection based on the detection performance and features of the platform material. This study proposes a nanoparticle surface-localized genetic amplification approach by integrating Fe3O4-Au core-shell nanoparticles into polymerase chain reactions (PCR). These highly dispersible and magnetically responsive superparamagnetic nanoparticles act as nano-electrodes that amplify and accumulate target ctDNA in situ on the nanoparticle surface upon PCR amplification. These nanoparticles are subsequently captured and subjected to repetitive electrochemical measurements to induce reconfiguration-mediated signal amplification for ultrasensitive (∼3 aM) and rapid (∼7 min) metastatic breast cancer ctDNA detection in vitro. The detection platform can also detect metastatic biomarkers from in vivo samples, highlighting the potential for clinical applications and further expansion to rapid and ultrasensitive multiplex detection of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Chul Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
| | - Jeong Ook Soh
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joo Choi
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute (HBRI), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Su Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong En Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jun Ko
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Thomas Myeongseok Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Keun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea Center for Smart Materials and Devices, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hun Lee
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
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Mansour B, Ngo C, Schlemmer D, Robidou P, Blondel J, Marin C, Noé G, Procureur A, Jamelot M, Gligorov J, Salem JE, Zahr N. Simultaneous quantification of four hormone therapy drugs by LC-MS/MS: Clinical applications in breast cancer patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116032. [PMID: 38367520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole, letrozole, exemestane and selective estrogen down-regulator (SERD) fulvestrant are used mostly to treat breast cancer estrogen receptor positive in post-menopausal women. These drugs are given either through the oral route or by intramuscular injection. They have shown great inter-individual variability with a risk of cardiometabolic disorders. Hence the importance of their therapeutic drug monitoring not only for exposure-efficacy but also exposure-toxicity. We describe here a LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of anastrozole, letrozole, exemestane and fulvestrant in human plasma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plasma samples were prepared by a single-step protein precipitation. The liquid chromatography system was paired with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Quantification were achieved in Multiple Reactions Monitoring mode and the electrospray ionization was in positive mode. RESULTS The method demonstrated consistent analytical performance across various parameters, including linearity, specificity, sensitivity, matrix effect, upper and lower limits of quantification, extraction recovery, precision, accuracy, hemolysis effect, dilution integrity, and stability under different storage conditions, in accordance with established guidelines. The analysis time for each run was 4 min. Calibration curves exhibited linearity within the 1-100 ng/mL range, with correlation coefficients > 0.99 for the four analytes. Plasma concentrations from 42 patients were integrated into the selected calibration. Stability assessments indicated that the four drugs remained stable at - 20 °C for three months, 15 days under refrigeration, up to 7 days at room temperature, and after three freeze-thaw cycles. CONCLUSION We have developed and validated this quantitative method for therapeutic drug monitoring of those four hormone therapy drugs:anastrozole, letrozole, fulvestrant and exemestane. This method can be also used for future clinical pharmacokinetics /pharmacodynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochra Mansour
- AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique spécialisé, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Clarice Ngo
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Dimitri Schlemmer
- AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique spécialisé, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Robidou
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Blondel
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Clémence Marin
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Noé
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Adrien Procureur
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Jamelot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Gligorov
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Noël Zahr
- AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique spécialisé, F-75013 Paris, France; AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France.
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Perez-Lanzon M, Maiuri MC, Lopez-Otin C, Kroemer G. Preclinical models of breast cancer: B6BC, a transplantable hormone receptor-positive C57BL/6 mouse cell line. Genes Immun 2024; 25:172-174. [PMID: 38218998 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez-Lanzon
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Équipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Équipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Carlos Lopez-Otin
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncologia (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Équipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMICCa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, France-HP, Paris, France.
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Baun C, Naghavi-Behzad M, Hildebrandt MG, Gerke O, Thisgaard H. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor as a theranostic target in breast cancer: a systematic scoping review. Semin Nucl Med 2024; 54:256-269. [PMID: 38342656 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is known to be overexpressed in breast cancer, making it a promising target for both imaging and therapy within a theranostic framework. Various radioligands targeting GRPR have undergone investigation in preclinical and clinical studies related to breast cancer. This systematic scoping review aimed to assess the current evidence on GRPR-targeted radioligands for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in breast cancer. The methodology followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol. The literature search was conducted in September 2023 and encompassed MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. We included original peer-reviewed studies focused on breast cancer patients or in vivo breast cancer models. Two reviewers performed the study selection process independently. Data were extracted, synthesized, and categorized into preclinical and clinical studies, further subdivided based on radioligand properties. A total of 35 original studies were included in the review, with three of them evaluating therapeutic outcomes. The results indicated that GRPR-radioantagonists are superior to GRPR-agonists, exhibiting preferable in vivo stability, rapid, specific tumor targeting, and enhanced retention. Both preclinical and clinical evaluations demonstrated renal excretion and high uptake in normal GRPR-expressing tissue, primarily the pancreas. A significant positive correlation was observed between GRPR and estrogen-receptor expression. In the clinical setting, GRPR-radioligands effectively detected primary tumors and, to a lesser extent, lymph node metastases. Moreover, GRPR-targeted radioantagonists successfully identified distant metastases originating from various sites in advanced metastatic disease, strongly correlated with positive estrogen receptor expression. Preclinical therapeutic evaluation of GRPR-radioligands labeled with lutetium-177 showed promising tumor responses, and none of the studies reported any observed or measured side effects, indicating a safe profile. In conclusion, the evidence presented in this review indicates a preference for GRPR-targeted antagonists over agonists, owing to their superior kinetics and promising diagnostic potential. Clinical assessments suggested diagnostic value for GRPR-targeted theranostics in breast cancer patients, particularly those with high estrogen receptor expression. Nevertheless, in the therapeutic clinical context, paying attention to the radiation dose administered to the pancreas and kidneys is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Baun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Mohammad Naghavi-Behzad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Malene Grubbe Hildebrandt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Personalized Response Monitoring in Oncology (PREMIO), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Centre for Innovative Medical Technology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Oke Gerke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helge Thisgaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Quinn HM, Battista L, Scabia V, Brisken C. Preclinical Mouse Intraductal Model (MIND) to Study Metastatic Dormancy in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2811:101-112. [PMID: 39037652 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3882-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Here, we describe a clinically relevant xenograft model of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer that maintains estrogen receptor (ER) status without the need for exogenous supplementation of hormones. The naturally low 17-β-estradiol levels in host mice recapitulate levels seen in post-menopausal women. By introducing breast cancer cells directly into their "natural" microenvironment of the milk ducts, these cells maintain hormone receptor status, model the clinical progression of the disease, and develop ER- metastatic lesions or dormant micrometastatic lesions in the case of ER+ BC. With the use of GFP/RFP:Luc2 reporters, we can monitor in vivo tumour growth and conduct ex vivo metastases assays to evaluate dormant metastatic cell harboring organs. Upon recovery of metastatic cells from ER+ breast cancer models, downstream analyses can be conducted to assess the relationship between epithelial plasticity and metastatic dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel M Quinn
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Battista
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Scabia
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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Sflomos G, Schaumann N, Christgen M, Christgen H, Bartels S, Kreipe H, Battista L, Brisken C. Optimized Modeling of Metastatic Triple-Negative Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3299. [PMID: 37444409 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a common breast cancer subtype that is often diagnosed at advanced stages and causes significant morbidity. Late-onset secondary tumor recurrence affects up to 30% of ILC patients, posing a therapeutic challenge if resistance to systemic therapy develops. Nonetheless, there is a lack of preclinical models for ILC, and the current models do not accurately reproduce the complete range of the disease. We created clinically relevant metastatic xenografts to address this gap by grafting the triple-negative IPH-926 cell line into mouse milk ducts. The resulting intraductal xenografts accurately recapitulate lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), invasive lobular carcinoma, and metastatic ILC in relevant organs. Using a panel of 15 clinical markers, we characterized the intratumoral heterogeneity of primary and metastatic lesions. Interestingly, intraductal IPH-926 xenografts express low but actionable HER2 and are not dependent on supplementation with the ovarian hormone estradiol for their growth. This model provides a valuable tool to test the efficiency of potential new ILC therapeutics, and it may help detect vulnerabilities within ILC that can be exploited for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Sflomos
- ISREC-Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nora Schaumann
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Christgen
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henriette Christgen
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Bartels
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Kreipe
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Battista
- ISREC-Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC-Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
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9
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Perez-Lanzon M, Carbonnier V, Cordier P, De Palma FDE, Petrazzuolo A, Klein C, Arbaretaz F, Mangane K, Stoll G, Martins I, Fohrer Ting H, Paillet J, Mouillet-Richard S, Le Corre D, Xiao W, Sroussi M, Desdouets C, Laurent-Puig P, Pol J, Lopez-Otin C, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G. New hormone receptor-positive breast cancer mouse cell line mimicking the immune microenvironment of anti-PD-1 resistant mammary carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007117. [PMID: 37344100 PMCID: PMC10314679 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progress in breast cancer (BC) research relies on the availability of suitable cell lines that can be implanted in immunocompetent laboratory mice. The best studied mouse strain, C57BL/6, is also the only one for which multiple genetic variants are available to facilitate the exploration of the cancer-immunity dialog. Driven by the fact that no hormone receptor-positive (HR+) C57BL/6-derived mammary carcinoma cell lines are available, we decided to establish such cell lines. METHODS BC was induced in female C57BL/6 mice using a synthetic progesterone analog (medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA) combined with a DNA damaging agent (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, DMBA). Cell lines were established from these tumors and selected for dual (estrogen+progesterone) receptor positivity, as well as transplantability into C57BL/6 immunocompetent females. RESULTS One cell line, which we called B6BC, fulfilled these criteria and allowed for the establishment of invasive estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors with features of epithelial to mesenchymal transition that were abundantly infiltrated by myeloid immune populations but scarcely by T lymphocytes, as determined by single-nucleus RNA sequencing and high-dimensional leukocyte profiling. Such tumors failed to respond to programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade, but reduced their growth on treatment with ER antagonists, as well as with anthracycline-based chemotherapy, which was not influenced by T-cell depletion. Moreover, B6BC-derived tumors reduced their growth on CD11b blockade, indicating tumor sustainment by myeloid cells. The immune environment and treatment responses recapitulated by B6BC-derived tumors diverged from those of ER+ TS/A cell-derived tumors in BALB/C mice, and of ER- E0771 cell-derived and MPA/DMBA-induced tumors in C57BL/6 mice. CONCLUSIONS B6BC is the first transplantable HR+ BC cell line derived from C57BL/6 mice and B6BC-derived tumors recapitulate the complex tumor microenvironment of locally advanced HR+ BC naturally resistant to PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez-Lanzon
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent Carbonnier
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Cordier
- Team 'Proliferation, Stress and Liver Physiopathology', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adriana Petrazzuolo
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Christophe Klein
- Centre d'Histologie, d'Imagerie cellulaire et de Cytométrie (CHIC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France, UMRS1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Floriane Arbaretaz
- Centre d'Histologie, d'Imagerie cellulaire et de Cytométrie (CHIC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France, UMRS1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Khady Mangane
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Gautier Stoll
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Helene Fohrer Ting
- Centre d'Histologie, d'Imagerie cellulaire et de Cytométrie (CHIC), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France, UMRS1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Paillet
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Team 'Personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, therapeutic optimization', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Le Corre
- Team 'Personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, therapeutic optimization', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Wenjjin Xiao
- Team 'Personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, therapeutic optimization', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Marine Sroussi
- Team 'Personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, therapeutic optimization', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Desdouets
- Team 'Proliferation, Stress and Liver Physiopathology', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Team 'Personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, therapeutic optimization', Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Institut Universitaire de France, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, France-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Pol
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Carlos Lopez-Otin
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncologia (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Team "Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Institut Universitaire de France, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, France-HP, Paris, France
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10
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He W, Demas DM, Shajahan-Haq AN, Baumann WT. Modeling breast cancer proliferation, drug synergies, and alternating therapies. iScience 2023; 26:106714. [PMID: 37234088 PMCID: PMC10206440 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer is responsive to a number of targeted therapies used clinically. Unfortunately, the continuous application of targeted therapy often results in resistance, driving the consideration of combination and alternating therapies. Toward this end, we developed a mathematical model that can simulate various mono, combination, and alternating therapies for ER + breast cancer cells at different doses over long time scales. The model is used to look for optimal drug combinations and predicts a significant synergism between Cdk4/6 inhibitors in combination with the anti-estrogen fulvestrant, which may help explain the clinical success of adding Cdk4/6 inhibitors to anti-estrogen therapy. Furthermore, the model is used to optimize an alternating treatment protocol so it works as well as monotherapy while using less total drug dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, VT BIOTRANS, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Diane M. Demas
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - William T. Baumann
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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11
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Inglebert M, Dettwiler M, Hahn K, Letko A, Drogemuller C, Doench J, Brown A, Memari Y, Davies HR, Degasperi A, Nik-Zainal S, Rottenberg S. A living biobank of canine mammary tumor organoids as a comparative model for human breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18051. [PMID: 36302863 PMCID: PMC9614008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammary tumors in dogs hold great potential as naturally occurring breast cancer models in translational oncology, as they share the same environmental risk factors, key histological features, hormone receptor expression patterns, prognostic factors, and genetic characteristics as their human counterparts. We aimed to develop in vitro tools that allow functional analysis of canine mammary tumors (CMT), as we have a poor understanding of the underlying biology that drives the growth of these heterogeneous tumors. We established the long-term culture of 24 organoid lines from 16 dogs, including organoids derived from normal mammary epithelium or benign lesions. CMT organoids recapitulated key morphological and immunohistological features of the primary tissue from which they were derived, including hormone receptor status. Furthermore, genetic characteristics (driver gene mutations, DNA copy number variations, and single-nucleotide variants) were conserved within tumor-organoid pairs. We show how CMT organoids are a suitable model for in vitro drug assays and can be used to investigate whether specific mutations predict therapy outcomes. Specifically, certain CMT subtypes, such as PIK3CA mutated, estrogen receptor-positive simple carcinomas, can be valuable in setting up a preclinical model highly relevant to human breast cancer research. In addition, we could genetically modify the CMT organoids and use them to perform pooled CRISPR/Cas9 screening, where library representation was accurately maintained. In summary, we present a robust 3D in vitro preclinical model that can be used in translational research, where organoids from normal, benign as well as malignant mammary tissues can be propagated from the same animal to study tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Inglebert
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Dettwiler
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Vetscope Pathologie Dettwiler, Lörracherstrasse 50, 4125, Riehen, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Hahn
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, COMPATH, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cord Drogemuller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Adam Brown
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Yasin Memari
- Early Cancer Institute, Hutchison Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen R Davies
- Early Cancer Institute, Hutchison Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea Degasperi
- Early Cancer Institute, Hutchison Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Early Cancer Institute, Hutchison Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sven Rottenberg
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Cancer Therapy Resistance Cluster, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Institute of Animal Pathology, COMPATH, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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12
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Scabia V, Ayyanan A, De Martino F, Agnoletto A, Battista L, Laszlo C, Treboux A, Zaman K, Stravodimou A, Jallut D, Fiche M, Bucher P, Ambrosini G, Sflomos G, Brisken C. Estrogen receptor positive breast cancers have patient specific hormone sensitivities and rely on progesterone receptor. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3127. [PMID: 35668111 PMCID: PMC9170711 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER, PR) signaling control breast development and impinge on breast carcinogenesis. ER is an established driver of ER + disease but the role of the PR, itself an ER target gene, is debated. We assess the issue in clinically relevant settings by a genetic approach and inject ER + breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumor cells to the milk ducts of immunocompromised mice. Such ER + xenografts were exposed to physiologically relevant levels of 17-β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). We find that independently both premenopausal E2 and P4 levels increase tumor growth and combined treatment enhances metastatic spread. The proliferative responses are patient-specific with MYC and androgen receptor (AR) signatures determining P4 response. PR is required for tumor growth in patient samples and sufficient to drive tumor growth and metastasis in ER signaling ablated tumor cells. Our findings suggest that endocrine therapy may need to be personalized, and that abrogating PR expression can be a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Scabia
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ayyakkannu Ayyanan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio De Martino
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Agnoletto
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Battista
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Laszlo
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Assia Treboux
- Breast center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Khalil Zaman
- Breast center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Athina Stravodimou
- Breast center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Didier Jallut
- Réseau Lausannois du Sein, Rue de la Vigie 5, CH-1004, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maryse Fiche
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, CH-1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Philip Bucher
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bioinformatics Competence Center (BICC), UNIL/EPFL, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Sflomos
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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13
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Bergholtz H, Lien T, Lingaas F, Sørlie T. Comparative analysis of the molecular subtype landscape in canine and human mammary gland tumors. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2022; 27:171-183. [PMID: 35932380 PMCID: PMC9433360 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-022-09523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers in humans belong to one of several intrinsic molecular subtypes each with different tumor biology and different clinical impact. Mammary gland tumors in dogs are proposed as a relevant comparative model for human breast cancer; however, it is still unclear whether the intrinsic molecular subtypes have the same significance in dogs and humans. Using publicly available data, we analyzed gene expression and whole-exome sequencing data from 158 canine mammary gland tumors. We performed molecular subtyping using the PAM50 method followed by subtype-specific comparisons of gene expression characteristics, mutation patterns and copy number profiles between canine tumors and human breast tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer cohort (n = 1097). We found that luminal A canine tumors greatly resemble luminal A human tumors both in gene expression characteristics, mutations and copy number profiles. Also, the basal-like canine and human tumors were relatively similar, with low expression of luminal epithelial markers and high expression of genes involved in cell proliferation. There were, however, distinct differences in immune-related gene expression patterns in basal-like tumors between the two species. Characteristic HER2-enriched and luminal B subtypes were not present in the canine cohort, and we found no tumors with high-level ERBB2 amplifications. Benign and malignant canine tumors displayed similar PAM50 subtype characteristics. Our findings indicate that deeper understanding of the different molecular subtypes in canine mammary gland tumors will further improve the value of canines as comparative models for human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Bergholtz
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tonje Lien
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode Lingaas
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Therese Sørlie
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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14
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Scherer SD, Riggio AI, Haroun F, DeRose YS, Ekiz HA, Fujita M, Toner J, Zhao L, Li Z, Oesterreich S, Samatar AA, Welm AL. An immune-humanized patient-derived xenograft model of estrogen-independent, hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:100. [PMID: 34717714 PMCID: PMC8556932 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is incurable, with a 5-year survival rate of 28%. In the USA, more than 42,000 patients die from MBC every year. The most common type of breast cancer is estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), and more patients die from ER+ breast cancer than from any other subtype. ER+ tumors can be successfully treated with hormone therapy, but many tumors acquire endocrine resistance, at which point treatment options are limited. There is an urgent need for model systems that better represent human ER+ MBC in vivo, where tumors can metastasize. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) made from MBC spontaneously metastasize, but the immunodeficient host is a caveat, given the known role of the immune system in tumor progression and response to therapy. Thus, we attempted to develop an immune-humanized PDX model of ER+ MBC. METHODS NSG-SGM3 mice were immune-humanized with CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells, followed by engraftment of human ER+ endocrine resistant MBC tumor fragments. Strategies for exogenous estrogen supplementation were compared, and immune-humanization in blood, bone marrow, spleen, and tumors was assessed by flow cytometry and tissue immunostaining. Characterization of the new model includes assessment of the human tumor microenvironment performed by immunostaining. RESULTS We describe the development of an immune-humanized PDX model of estrogen-independent endocrine resistant ER+ MBC. Importantly, our model harbors a naturally occurring ESR1 mutation, and immune-humanization recapitulates the lymphocyte-excluded and myeloid-rich tumor microenvironment of human ER+ breast tumors. CONCLUSION This model sets the stage for development of other clinically relevant models of human breast cancer and should allow future studies on mechanisms of endocrine resistance and tumor-immune interactions in an immune-humanized in vivo setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra D Scherer
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Alessandra I Riggio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Fadi Haroun
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Yoko S DeRose
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - H Atakan Ekiz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Maihi Fujita
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jennifer Toner
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Zheqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ahmed A Samatar
- Zentalis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 205, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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15
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Sflomos G, Schipper K, Koorman T, Fitzpatrick A, Oesterreich S, Lee AV, Jonkers J, Brunton VG, Christgen M, Isacke C, Derksen PWB, Brisken C. Atlas of Lobular Breast Cancer Models: Challenges and Strategic Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5396. [PMID: 34771558 PMCID: PMC8582475 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for up to 15% of all breast cancer (BC) cases and responds well to endocrine treatment when estrogen receptor α-positive (ER+) yet differs in many biological aspects from other ER+ BC subtypes. Up to 30% of patients with ILC will develop late-onset metastatic disease up to ten years after initial tumor diagnosis and may experience failure of systemic therapy. Unfortunately, preclinical models to study ILC progression and predict the efficacy of novel therapeutics are scarce. Here, we review the current advances in ILC modeling, including cell lines and organotypic models, genetically engineered mouse models, and patient-derived xenografts. We also underscore four critical challenges that can be addressed using ILC models: drug resistance, lobular tumor microenvironment, tumor dormancy, and metastasis. Finally, we highlight the advantages of shared experimental ILC resources and provide essential considerations from the perspective of the European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium (ELBCC), which is devoted to better understanding and translating the molecular cues that underpin ILC to clinical diagnosis and intervention. This review will guide investigators who are considering the implementation of ILC models in their research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Sflomos
- ISREC—Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Koen Schipper
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Thijs Koorman
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (T.K.); (P.W.B.D.)
| | - Amanda Fitzpatrick
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (S.O.); (A.V.L.)
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (S.O.); (A.V.L.)
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Oncode Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| | - Matthias Christgen
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Clare Isacke
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Patrick W. B. Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (T.K.); (P.W.B.D.)
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC—Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
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16
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Kos K, de Visser KE. The Multifaceted Role of Regulatory T Cells in Breast Cancer. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2021; 5:291-310. [PMID: 34632244 PMCID: PMC7611782 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-042920-104912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment of breast cancer hosts a dynamic cross talk between diverse players of the immune system. While cytotoxic immune cells are equipped to control tumor growth and metastasis, tumor-corrupted immunosuppressive immune cells strive to impair effective immunity and promote tumor progression. Of these, regulatory T cells (Tregs), the gatekeepers of immune homeostasis, emerge as multifaceted players involved in breast cancer. Intriguingly, clinical observations suggest that blood and intratumoral Tregs can have strong prognostic value, dictated by breast cancer subtype. Accordingly, emerging preclinical evidence shows that Tregs occupy a central role in breast cancer initiation and progression and provide critical support to metastasis formation. Here, Tregs are not only important for immune escape but also promote tumor progression independent of their immune regulatory capacity. Combining insights into Treg biology with advances made across the rapidly growing field of immuno-oncology is expected to set the stage for the design of more effective immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kos
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin E de Visser
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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17
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Shamseddin M, De Martino F, Constantin C, Scabia V, Lancelot AS, Laszlo C, Ayyannan A, Battista L, Raffoul W, Gailloud-Matthieu MC, Bucher P, Fiche M, Ambrosini G, Sflomos G, Brisken C. Contraceptive progestins with androgenic properties stimulate breast epithelial cell proliferation. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14314. [PMID: 34042278 PMCID: PMC8261488 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormonal contraception exposes women to synthetic progesterone receptor (PR) agonists, progestins, and transiently increases breast cancer risk. How progesterone and progestins affect the breast epithelium is poorly understood because we lack adequate models to study this. We hypothesized that individual progestins differentially affect breast epithelial cell proliferation and hence breast cancer risk. Using mouse mammary tissue ex vivo, we show that testosterone-related progestins induce the PR target and mediator of PR signaling-induced cell proliferation receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (Rankl), whereas progestins with anti-androgenic properties in reporter assays do not. We develop intraductal xenografts of human breast epithelial cells from 36 women, show they remain hormone-responsive and that progesterone and the androgenic progestins, desogestrel, gestodene, and levonorgestrel, promote proliferation but the anti-androgenic, chlormadinone, and cyproterone acetate, do not. Prolonged exposure to androgenic progestins elicits hyperproliferation with cytologic changes. Androgen receptor inhibition interferes with PR agonist- and levonorgestrel-induced RANKL expression and reduces levonorgestrel-driven cell proliferation. Thus, different progestins have distinct biological activities in the breast epithelium to be considered for more informed choices in hormonal contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Shamseddin
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio De Martino
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Constantin
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Scabia
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Sophie Lancelot
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Laszlo
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ayyakkannu Ayyannan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Battista
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Philipp Bucher
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maryse Fiche
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Sflomos
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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18
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Rusidzé M, Adlanmérini M, Chantalat E, Raymond-Letron I, Cayre S, Arnal JF, Deugnier MA, Lenfant F. Estrogen receptor-α signaling in post-natal mammary development and breast cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5681-5705. [PMID: 34156490 PMCID: PMC8316234 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
17β-estradiol controls post-natal mammary gland development and exerts its effects through Estrogen Receptor ERα, a member of the nuclear receptor family. ERα is also critical for breast cancer progression and remains a central therapeutic target for hormone-dependent breast cancers. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the complex ERα signaling pathways that involve either classical nuclear “genomic” or membrane “non-genomic” actions and regulate in concert with other hormones the different stages of mammary development. We describe the cellular and molecular features of the luminal cell lineage expressing ERα and provide an overview of the transgenic mouse models impacting ERα signaling, highlighting the pivotal role of ERα in mammary gland morphogenesis and function and its implication in the tumorigenic processes. Finally, we describe the main features of the ERα-positive luminal breast cancers and their modeling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rusidzé
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Adlanmérini
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Chantalat
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - I Raymond-Letron
- LabHPEC et Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, Inserm U1301, Toulouse, France
| | - Surya Cayre
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Ange Deugnier
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- INSERM U1297, Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse - UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Bhan A, Ansari KI, Chen MY, Jandial R. Inhibition of Jumonji Histone Demethylases Selectively Suppresses HER2 + Breast Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis Growth via Inhibition of GMCSF Expression. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3200-3214. [PMID: 33941612 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HER2+ breast leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (HER2+ LC) occurs when tumor cells spread to cerebrospinal fluid-containing leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord, a complication with a dire prognosis. HER2+ LC remains incurable, with few treatment options. Currently, much effort is devoted toward development of therapies that target mutations. However, targeting epigenetic or transcriptional states of HER2+ LC tumors might efficiently target HER2+ LC growth via inhibition of oncogenic signaling; this approach remains promising but is less explored. To test this possibility, we established primary HER2+ LC (Lepto) cell lines from nodular HER2+ LC tissues. These lines are phenotypically CD326+CD49f-, confirming that they are derived from HER2+ LC tumors, and express surface CD44+CD24-, a cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. Like CSCs, Lepto lines showed greater drug resistance and more aggressive behavior compared with other HER2+ breast cancer lines in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the three Lepto lines overexpressed Jumonji domain-containing histone lysine demethylases KDM4A/4C. Treatment with JIB04, a selective inhibitor of Jumonji demethylases, or genetic loss of function of KDM4A/4C induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest and reduced Lepto cell viability, tumorsphere formation, regrowth, and invasion in vitro. JIB04 treatment of patient-derived xenograft mouse models in vivo reduced HER2+ LC tumor growth and prolonged animal survival. Mechanistically, KDM4A/4C inhibition downregulated GMCSF expression and prevented GMCSF-dependent Lepto cell proliferation. Collectively, these results establish KDM4A/4C as a viable therapeutic target in HER2+ LC and spotlight the benefits of targeting the tumorigenic transcriptional network. SIGNIFICANCE: HER2+ LC tumors overexpress KDM4A/4C and are sensitive to the Jumonji demethylase inhibitor JIB04, which reduces the viability of primary HER2+ LC cells and increases survival in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunoday Bhan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Khairul I Ansari
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California.,Celcuity, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mike Y Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Rahul Jandial
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California.
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20
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Werner LR, Gibson KA, Goodman ML, Helm DE, Walter KR, Holloran SM, Trinca GM, Hastings RC, Yang HH, Hu Y, Wei J, Lei G, Yang XY, Madan R, Molinolo AA, Markiewicz MA, Chalise P, Axelrod ML, Balko JM, Hunter KW, Hartman ZC, Lange CA, Hagan CR. Progesterone promotes immunomodulation and tumor development in the murine mammary gland. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001710. [PMID: 33958486 PMCID: PMC8103939 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have linked usage of progestins (synthetic progesterone [P4]) to breast cancer risk. However, little is understood regarding the role of native P4, signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR), in breast tumor formation. Recently, we reported a link between PR and immune signaling pathways, showing that P4/PR can repress type I interferon signaling pathways. Given these findings, we sought to investigate whether P4/PR drive immunomodulation in the mammary gland and promote tumor formation. METHODS To determine the effect of P4 on immune cell populations in the murine mammary gland, mice were treated with P4 or placebo pellets for 21 days. Immune cell populations in the mammary gland, spleen, and inguinal lymph nodes were subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry. To assess the effect of PR overexpression on mammary gland tumor development as well as immune cell populations in the mammary gland, a transgenic mouse model was used in which PR was overexpressed throughout the entire mouse. Immune cell populations were assessed in the mammary glands, spleens, and inguinal lymph nodes of 6-month-old transgenic and control mice by flow cytometry. Transgenic mice were also monitored for mammary gland tumor development over a 2-year time span. Following development of mammary gland tumors, immune cell populations in the tumors and spleens of transgenic and control mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that mice treated with P4 exhibited changes in the mammary gland indicative of an inhibited immune response compared with placebo-treated mice. Furthermore, transgenic mice with PR overexpression demonstrated decreased numbers of immune cell populations in their mammary glands, lymph nodes, and spleens. On long-term monitoring, we determined that multiparous PR-overexpressing mice developed significantly more mammary gland tumors than control mice. Additionally, tumors from PR-overexpressing mice contained fewer infiltrating immune cells. Finally, RNA sequencing analysis of tumor samples revealed that immune-related gene signatures were lower in tumors from PR-overexpressing mice as compared with control mice. CONCLUSION Together, these findings offer a novel mechanism of P4-driven mammary gland tumor development and provide rationale in investigating the usage of antiprogestin therapies to promote immune-mediated elimination of mammary gland tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity/drug effects
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Drug Implants
- Female
- Galectin 4/genetics
- Galectin 4/metabolism
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/immunology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Ovariectomy
- Progesterone/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Progesterone/agonists
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Escape/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn R Werner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katelin A Gibson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Merit L Goodman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dominika E Helm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katherine R Walter
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sean M Holloran
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gloria M Trinca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Richard C Hastings
- Flow Cytometry Core Laboratory, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Howard H Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Junping Wei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gangjun Lei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rashna Madan
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mary A Markiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Margaret L Axelrod
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Justin M Balko
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kent W Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Carol A Lange
- Department of Medicine (Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christy R Hagan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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21
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Sflomos G, Battista L, Aouad P, De Martino F, Scabia V, Stravodimou A, Ayyanan A, Ifticene‐Treboux A, Bucher P, Fiche M, Ambrosini G, Brisken C. Intraductal xenografts show lobular carcinoma cells rely on their own extracellular matrix and LOXL1. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13180. [PMID: 33616307 PMCID: PMC7933935 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the most frequent special histological subtype of breast cancer, typically characterized by loss of E-cadherin. It has clinical features distinct from other estrogen receptor-positive (ER+ ) breast cancers but the molecular mechanisms underlying its characteristic biology are poorly understood because we lack experimental models to study them. Here, we recapitulate the human disease, including its metastatic pattern, by grafting ILC-derived breast cancer cell lines, SUM-44 PE and MDA-MB-134-VI cells, into the mouse milk ducts. Using patient-derived intraductal xenografts from lobular and non-lobular ER+ HER2- tumors to compare global gene expression, we identify extracellular matrix modulation as a lobular carcinoma cell-intrinsic trait. Analysis of TCGA patient datasets shows matrisome signature is enriched in lobular carcinomas with overexpression of elastin, collagens, and the collagen modifying enzyme LOXL1. Treatment with the pan LOX inhibitor BAPN and silencing of LOXL1 expression decrease tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis by disrupting ECM structure resulting in decreased ER signaling. We conclude that LOXL1 inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for ILC.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Sflomos
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Laura Battista
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Patrick Aouad
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Fabio De Martino
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Valentina Scabia
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - Ayyakkannu Ayyanan
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - RLS
- Réseau Lausannois du Sein (RLS)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Philipp Bucher
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Maryse Fiche
- Réseau Lausannois du Sein (RLS)LausanneSwitzerland
- International Cancer Prevention InstituteEpalingesSwitzerland
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC ‐ Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer ResearchSchool of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
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22
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Giles ED, Wellberg EA. Preclinical Models to Study Obesity and Breast Cancer in Females: Considerations, Caveats, and Tools. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:237-253. [PMID: 33146844 PMCID: PMC8197449 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk for breast cancer and is associated with poor outcomes for cancer patients. A variety of rodent models have been used to investigate these relationships; however, key differences in experimental approaches, as well as unique aspects of rodent physiology lead to variability in how these valuable models are implemented. We combine expertise in the development and implementation of preclinical models of obesity and breast cancer to disseminate effective practices for studies that integrate these fields. In this review, we share, based on our experience, key considerations for model selection, highlighting important technical nuances and tips for use of preclinical models in studies that integrate obesity with breast cancer risk and progression. We describe relevant mouse and rat paradigms, specifically highlighting differences in breast tumor subtypes, estrogen production, and strategies to manipulate hormone levels. We also outline options for diet composition and housing environments to promote obesity in female rodents. While we have applied our experience to understanding obesity-associated breast cancer, the experimental variables we incorporate have relevance to multiple fields that investigate women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D Giles
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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23
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Bu W, Li Y. Intraductal Injection of Lentivirus Vectors for Stably Introducing Genes into Rat Mammary Epithelial Cells in Vivo. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:389-396. [PMID: 33165800 PMCID: PMC7965254 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09469-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Various retroviral and lentiviral vectors have been used for up-the-teat intraductal injection to deliver markers, oncogenes, and other genes into mammary epithelial cells in mice. These methods along with the large number of genetically engineered mouse lines have greatly helped us learn normal breast development and tumorigenesis. Rats are also valuable models for studying human breast development and cancer. However, genetically engineered rats are still uncommon, and previous reports of intraductal injection of retroviral vectors into rats appear to be inefficient in generating mammary tumors. Here, we report, and describe the method for, stably introducing marker genes and oncogenes into mammary glands in rats using intraductal injection of commonly used lentiviral vectors. This method can infect mammary epithelial cells efficiently, and the infected cells can initiate tumorigenesis, including estrogen receptor-positive and hormone-dependent tumors, which are the most common subtype of human breast cancer but are yet still difficult to model in mice. This technique provides another tool for studying formation, prevention, and treatment of breast cancer, especially estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bu
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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24
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Buschhaus JM, Humphries BA, Eckley SS, Robison TH, Cutter AC, Rajendran S, Haley HR, Bevoor AS, Luker KE, Luker GD. Targeting disseminated estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer cells in bone marrow. Oncogene 2020; 39:5649-5662. [PMID: 32678295 PMCID: PMC7442734 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer can recur up to 20 years after initial diagnosis. Delayed recurrences arise from disseminated tumors cells (DTCs) in sites such as bone marrow that remain quiescent during endocrine therapy and subsequently proliferate to produce clinically detectable metastases. Identifying therapies that eliminate DTCs and/or effectively target cells transitioning to proliferation promises to reduce risk of recurrence. To tackle this problem, we utilized a 3D co-culture model incorporating ER+ breast cancer cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to represent DTCs in a bone marrow niche. 3D co-cultures maintained cancer cells in a quiescent, viable state as measured by both single-cell and population-scale imaging. Single-cell imaging methods for metabolism by fluorescence lifetime (FLIM) of NADH and signaling by kinases Akt and ERK revealed that breast cancer cells utilized oxidative phosphorylation and signaling by Akt to a greater extent both in 3D co-cultures and a mouse model of ER+ breast cancer cells in bone marrow. Using our 3D co-culture model, we discovered that combination therapies targeting oxidative phosphorylation via the thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor, D9, and the Akt inhibitor, MK-2206, preferentially eliminated breast cancer cells without altering viability of bone marrow stromal cells. Treatment of mice with disseminated ER+ human breast cancer showed that D9 plus MK-2206 blocked formation of new metastases more effectively than tamoxifen. These data establish an integrated experimental system to investigate DTCs in bone marrow and identify combination therapy against metabolic and kinase targets as a promising approach to effectively target these cells and reduce risk of recurrence in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Buschhaus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel, Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Brock A Humphries
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Samantha S Eckley
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, 412 Victor Vaughan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
- Office of Animal Resources, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tanner H Robison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel, Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Alyssa C Cutter
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Shrila Rajendran
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Henry R Haley
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Avinash S Bevoor
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Kathryn E Luker
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel, Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099, USA.
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
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25
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Lee H, Park BC, Soon Kang J, Cheon Y, Lee S, Jae Maeng P. MAM domain containing 2 is a potential breast cancer biomarker that exhibits tumour-suppressive activity. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12883. [PMID: 32707597 PMCID: PMC7507446 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to discover new potential biomarkers of breast cancer and investigate their cellular functions. Materials and methods We analysed the gene expression profiles of matched pairs of breast tumour and normal tissues from 24 breast cancer patients. Tetracycline‐inducible MAMDC2 expression system was established and used to evaluate cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. MAMDC2‐mediated signalling was determined using immunoblot analysis. Results We identified MAMDC2 as a down‐regulated gene showing significant prognostic capability. Overexpression of MAMDC2 or treatment with MAMDC2‐containing culture medium significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of T‐47D cells. Furthermore, MAMDC2 expression reduced in vivo growth of T‐47D xenograft tumours. MAMDC2 may exert its growth‐inhibitory functions by attenuating the MAPK signalling pathway. Conclusion We report that MAMDC2 has a tumour‐suppressive role and, as a secretory protein, it might be useful as a biomarker for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonhee Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jong Soon Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmi Cheon
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Jae Maeng
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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26
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Koch C, Kuske A, Joosse SA, Yigit G, Sflomos G, Thaler S, Smit DJ, Werner S, Borgmann K, Gärtner S, Mossahebi Mohammadi P, Battista L, Cayrefourcq L, Altmüller J, Salinas-Riester G, Raithatha K, Zibat A, Goy Y, Ott L, Bartkowiak K, Tan TZ, Zhou Q, Speicher MR, Müller V, Gorges TM, Jücker M, Thiery JP, Brisken C, Riethdorf S, Alix-Panabières C, Pantel K. Characterization of circulating breast cancer cells with tumorigenic and metastatic capacity. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11908. [PMID: 32667137 PMCID: PMC7507517 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional studies giving insight into the biology of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) remain scarce due to the low frequency of CTCs and lack of appropriate models. Here, we describe the characterization of a novel CTC‐derived breast cancer cell line, designated CTC‐ITB‐01, established from a patient with metastatic estrogen receptor‐positive (ER+) breast cancer, resistant to endocrine therapy. CTC‐ITB‐01 remained ER+ in culture, and copy number alteration (CNA) profiling showed high concordance between CTC‐ITB‐01 and CTCs originally present in the patient with cancer at the time point of blood draw. RNA‐sequencing data indicate that CTC‐ITB‐01 has a predominantly epithelial expression signature. Primary tumor and metastasis formation in an intraductal PDX mouse model mirrored the clinical progression of ER+ breast cancer. Downstream ER signaling was constitutively active in CTC‐ITB‐01 independent of ligand availability, and the CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib strongly inhibited CTC‐ITB‐01 growth. Thus, we established a functional model that opens a new avenue to study CTC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Koch
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andra Kuske
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gökhan Yigit
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - George Sflomos
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Thaler
- European Centre for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel J Smit
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Werner
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Radiobiology& Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gärtner
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Parinaz Mossahebi Mohammadi
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Battista
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Cayrefourcq
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas-Riester
- NGS Integrative Genomics Core Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kaamini Raithatha
- NGS Integrative Genomics Core Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arne Zibat
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Goy
- Radiobiology& Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leonie Ott
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Bartkowiak
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias M Gorges
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jücker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Thiery
- INSERM Unit 1186, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sabine Riethdorf
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Alix-Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Pistollato F, Bernasconi C, McCarthy J, Campia I, Desaintes C, Wittwehr C, Deceuninck P, Whelan M. Alzheimer's Disease, and Breast and Prostate Cancer Research: Translational Failures and the Importance to Monitor Outputs and Impact of Funded Research. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1194. [PMID: 32674379 PMCID: PMC7401638 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia and cancer are becoming increasingly prevalent in Western countries. In the last two decades, research focused on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer, in particular, breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC), has been substantially funded both in Europe and worldwide. While scientific research outcomes have contributed to increase our understanding of the disease etiopathology, still the prevalence of these chronic degenerative conditions remains very high across the globe. By definition, no model is perfect. In particular, animal models of AD, BC, and PC have been and still are traditionally used in basic/fundamental, translational, and preclinical research to study human disease mechanisms, identify new therapeutic targets, and develop new drugs. However, animals do not adequately model some essential features of human disease; therefore, they are often unable to pave the way to the development of drugs effective in human patients. The rise of new technological tools and models in life science, and the increasing need for multidisciplinary approaches have encouraged many interdisciplinary research initiatives. With considerable funds being invested in biomedical research, it is becoming pivotal to define and apply indicators to monitor the contribution to innovation and impact of funded research. Here, we discuss some of the issues underlying translational failure in AD, BC, and PC research, and describe how indicators could be applied to retrospectively measure outputs and impact of funded biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pistollato
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Camilla Bernasconi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Janine McCarthy
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), Washington, DC 20016, USA;
| | - Ivana Campia
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Christian Desaintes
- European Commission, Directorate General for Research and Innovation (RTD), 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Clemens Wittwehr
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Pierre Deceuninck
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
| | - Maurice Whelan
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (C.B.); (I.C.); (C.W.); (P.D.); (M.W.)
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28
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Ansari KI, Bhan A, Liu X, Chen MY, Jandial R. Astrocytic IGFBP2 and CHI3L1 in cerebrospinal fluid drive cortical metastasis of HER2+breast cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:401-412. [PMID: 32279122 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-020-10032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The brain is often reported as the first site of recurrence among breast cancer patients overexpressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Although most HER2+tumors metastasize to the subcortical region of the brain, a subset develops in the cortical region. We hypothesize that factors in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) play a critical role in the adaptation, proliferation, and establishment of cortical metastases. We established novel cell lines using patient biopsies to model breast cancer cortical and subcortical metastases. We assessed the localization and growth of these cells in vivo and proliferation and apoptosis in vitro under various conditions. Proteomic analysis of human CSF identified astrocyte-derived factors that support the proliferation of cortical metastases, and we used neutralizing antibodies to test the effects of inhibiting these factors both in vivo and in vitro. The cortical breast cancer brain metastatic cells exhibited greater proliferation than subcortical breast cancer brain metastatic cells in CSF containing several growth factors that nourish both the CNS and tumor cells. Specifically, the astrocytic paracrine factors IGFBP2 and CHI3LI promoted the proliferation of cortical metastatic cells and the formation of metastatic lesions. Disruption of these factors suppressed astrocyte-tumor cell interactions in vitro and the growth of cortical tumors in vivo. Our findings suggest that inhibition of IGFBP2 and CHI3LI signaling, in addition to existing treatment modalities, may be an effective therapeutic strategy targeting breast cancer cortical metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairul I Ansari
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Celcuity, 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA.
| | - Arunoday Bhan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Xueli Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mike Y Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Rahul Jandial
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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29
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Suppression of breast cancer metastasis and extension of survival by a new antiestrogen in a preclinical model driven by mutant estrogen receptors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 181:297-307. [PMID: 32277377 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many human breast tumors become resistant to endocrine therapies and recur due to estrogen receptor (ERα) mutations that convey constitutive activity and a more aggressive phenotype. Here, we examined the effectiveness of a novel adamantyl antiestrogen, K-07, in suppressing the growth of breast cancer metastases containing the two most frequent ER-activating mutations, Y537S and D538G, and in extending survival in a preclinical metastatic cancer model. METHODS MCF7 breast cancer cells expressing luciferase and Y537S or D538G ER were injected into NOD-SCID-gamma female mice, and animals were treated orally with the antiestrogen K-07 or control vehicle. Comparisons were also made with the antiestrogen Fulvestrant. The development of metastases was monitored by in vivo bioluminescence imaging with phenotypic characterization of the metastases in liver and lung by immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses. RESULTS These breast cancer cells established metastases in liver and lung, and K-07 treatment reduced the metastatic burden. Mice treated with K-07 also survived much longer. By day 70, only 28% of vehicle-treated mice with mutant ER metastases were alive, whereas all K-07-treated D538G and Y537S mice were still alive. K-07 also markedly reduced the level of metastatic cell ER and the expression of ER-regulated genes. CONCLUSION The antiestrogen K-07 can reduce in vivo metastasis of breast cancers and extend host survival in this preclinical model driven by constitutively active mutant ERs, suggesting that this compound may be suitable for further translational examination of its efficacy in suppression of metastasis in breast cancers containing constitutively active mutant ERs.
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30
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Llaurado Fernandez M, Dawson A, Kim H, Lam N, Russell H, Bruce M, Bittner M, Hoenisch J, Scott SA, Talhouk A, Chiu D, Provencher D, Nourmoussavi M, DiMattia G, Lee CH, Gilks CB, Köbel M, Carey MS. Hormone receptor expression and outcomes in low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 157:12-20. [PMID: 31954537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (LGSC) are frequently ER/PR positive, though the mechanisms by which ER/PR regulate prognosis or anti-estrogen treatment efficacy are poorly understood. We studied ER/PR expression in LGSC tumors and cell lines to evaluate patient outcomes and cellular treatment responses. METHODS LGSC tumors and patient-derived cell lines were studied from patients with advanced-stage (III/IV) disease. Tumor samples and clinical data were obtained from the Canadian Ovarian Experimental Unified Resource (COEUR-tissue microarray) and the Ovarian Cancer Research (OvCaRe) tissue bank. ER/PR expression was assessed by both Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Two different IHC scoring systems (simple and Allred) were used. Cox regression was used to identify factors (age, disease residuum, ER/PR status, etc.) associated with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Estradiol and tamoxifen proliferation and viability experiments were performed in LGSC cell lines. RESULTS In 55 LGSC cases studied, median follow-up was 56 months (range 1-227). Fifty-three (96%) cases strongly expressed ER whereas 37 (67%) expressed PR. Cox-regression analysis showed that residuum (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with PFS, whereas both ER Allred score (p = 0.005) and residuum (p = 0.004) were significant for OS. None of the LGSC cell lines expressed PR. Loss of PR and ER expression over time was detected in LGSC tumors and cell lines respectively. Estrogen and tamoxifen treatment did not alter LGSC cell proliferation or viability in-vitro. CONCLUSIONS In patients with advanced LGSC, higher ER Allred scores were significantly associated with better overall survival. ER/PR expression changed over time in both LGSC tumors and cell lines. Better translational research models are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ER/PR signalling in LGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llaurado Fernandez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Amy Dawson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Hannah Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Nicole Lam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Holly Russell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maegan Bruce
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Madison Bittner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joshua Hoenisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Stephanie A Scott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Aline Talhouk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Derek Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Diane Provencher
- Division of Gynecologic-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) and Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Melica Nourmoussavi
- Division of Gynecologic-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) and Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel DiMattia
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - C Blake Gilks
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Public Lab, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Mark S Carey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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31
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Skeletal impact of 17β-estradiol in T cell-deficient mice: age-dependent bone effects and osteosarcoma formation. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 37:269-281. [PMID: 31863240 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-10012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen (E2)-dependent ER+ breast cancer, the most common breast cancer subtype, is also the most likely to metastasize to bone and form osteolytic lesions. However, ER+ breast cancer bone metastasis human xenograft models in nude mice are rarely studied due to complexities associated with distinguishing possible tumoral vs. bone microenvironmental effects of E2. To address this knowledge gap, we systematically examined bone effects of E2 in developing young (4-week-old) vs. skeletally mature (15-week-old) female Foxn1nu nude mice supplemented with commercial 60-day slow-release E2 pellets and doses commonly used for ER+ xenograft models. E2 pellets (0.05-0.72 mg) were implanted subcutaneously and longitudinal changes in hind limb bones (vs. age-matched controls) were determined over 6 weeks by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), microCT, radiographic imaging, and histology, concurrent with assessment of serum levels of E2 and bone turnover markers. All E2 doses tested induced significant and identical increases in bone density (BMD) and volume (BV/TV) in 4-week-old mice with high bone turnover, increasing bone mineral content (BMC) while suppressing increases in bone area (BA). E2 supplementation, which caused dose-dependent changes in circulating E2 that were not sustained, also led to more modest increases in BMD and BV/TV in skeletally mature 15-week-old mice. Notably, E2-supplementation induced osteolytic osteosarcomas in a subset of mice independent of age. These results demonstrate that bone effects of E2 supplementation should be accounted for when assessing ER+ human xenograft bone metastases models.
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32
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Cornelissen LM, Henneman L, Drenth AP, Schut E, de Bruijn R, Klarenbeek S, Zwart W, Jonkers J. Exogenous ERα Expression in the Mammary Epithelium Decreases Over Time and Does Not Contribute to p53-Deficient Mammary Tumor Formation in Mice. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2019; 24:305-321. [PMID: 31729597 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-019-09437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 75% of all breast cancers express the nuclear hormone receptor estrogen receptor α (ERα). However, the majority of mammary tumors from genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are ERα-negative. To model ERα-positive breast cancer in mice, we exogenously introduced expression of mouse and human ERα in an existing GEMM of p53-deficient breast cancer. After initial ERα expression during mammary gland development, expression was reduced or lost in adult glands and p53-deficient mammary tumors. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing analysis of primary mouse mammary epithelial cells (MMECs) derived from these models, in which expression of the ERα constructs was induced in vitro, confirmed interaction of ERα with the DNA. In human breast and endometrial cancer, and also in healthy breast tissue, DNA binding of ERα is facilitated by the pioneer factor FOXA1. Surprisingly, the ERα binding sites identified in primary MMECs, but also in mouse mammary gland and uterus, showed an high enrichment of ERE motifs, but were devoid of Forkhead motifs. Furthermore, exogenous introduction of FOXA1 and GATA3 in ERα-expressing MMECs was not sufficient to promote ERα-responsiveness of these cells. Together, this suggests that species-specific differences in pioneer factor usage between mouse and human are dictated by the DNA sequence, resulting in ERα-dependencies in mice that are not FOXA1 driven. These species-specific differences in ERα-biology may limit the utility of mice for in vivo modeling of ERα-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette M Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Henneman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging - Transgenic facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Paulien Drenth
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Schut
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roebi de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenisis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Klarenbeek
- Experimental Animal Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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33
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Cornelissen LM, de Bruijn R, Henneman L, Kim Y, Zwart W, Jonkers J. GATA3 Truncating Mutations Promote Cistromic Re-Programming In Vitro, but Not Mammary Tumor Formation in Mice. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2019; 24:271-284. [PMID: 31218575 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-019-09432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the transcription factor GATA3 are identified in 10-15% of all breast cancer cases. Most of these are protein-truncating mutations, concentrated within or downstream of the second GATA-type zinc-finger domain. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of expression of two truncated GATA3 mutants, in vitro in breast cancer cell lines and in vivo in the mouse mammary gland. We found that the truncated GATA3 mutants display altered DNA binding activity caused by preferred tethering through FOXA1. In addition, expression of the truncated GATA3 mutants reduces E-cadherin expression and promotes anchorage-independent growth in vitro. However, we could not identify any effects of truncated GATA3 expression on mammary gland development or mammary tumor formation in mice. Together, our results demonstrate that both truncated GATA3 mutants promote cistromic re-programming of GATA3 in vitro, but these mutants are not sufficient to induce tumor formation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette M Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roebi de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenisis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Henneman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging - Transgenic facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenisis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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