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Du Q, Li T, Yi X, Song S, Kang J, Jiang Y. Prevalence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:809-829. [PMID: 38507083 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Post-transplant diabetes is a prevalent and consequential complication following kidney transplantation, which significantly augments the risk of cardiovascular disease, graft loss, infection, and mortality, thereby profoundly impacting both graft and patient survival. However, the early stages of post-transplant diabetes often go unnoticed or receive inadequate management. Consequently, this study systematically assesses the incidence of new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation with the aim to enhance medical staff awareness regarding post-transplantation diabetes and provide clinical management guidance. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed until September 21, 2023. Data extraction was performed using standardized tables and meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0 software. A random effects model was employed to estimate the combined prevalence along with its corresponding 95% confidence interval. The source of heterogeneity was explored using subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis, while publication bias was assessed through funnel plot and Egger's test. This study has been registered with PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42023465768. RESULTS This meta-analysis comprised 39 studies with a total sample size of 16,584 patients. The prevalence of new-onset diabetes after transplantation was found to be 20% [95% CI (18.0, 22.0)]. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age, gender, body mass index, family history of diabetes, type of kidney donor, immunosuppressive regimen, acute rejection episodes, hepatitis C infection status and cytomegalovirus infection. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of post-kidney transplantation diabetes is substantial, necessitating early implementation of preventive and control measures to mitigate its occurrence, enhance prognosis, and optimize patients' quality of life. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42023465768.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufeng Du
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu City, 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu City, 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Yi
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu City, 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu City, 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Kang
- College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu City, 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yunlan Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu City, 610072, Sichuan Province, China.
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Ravi H, Das S, Devi Rajeswari V, Venkatraman G, Choudhury AA, Chakraborty S, Ramanathan G. Hormonal regulation in diabetes: Special emphasis on sex hormones and metabolic traits. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 142:257-291. [PMID: 39059988 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes constitutes a significant global public health challenge that is rapidly reaching epidemic proportions. Among the non-communicable diseases, the incidence of diabetes is rising at an alarming rate. The International Diabetes Federation has documented a 9.09% prevalence of diabetes among individuals aged between 20 and 79 years. The interplay of gonadal hormones and gender differences is critical in regulating insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and this dynamic is particularly crucial because of the escalating incidence of diabetes. Variations in insulin sensitivity are observed across genders, levels of adiposity, and age groups. Both estrogen and testosterone are seen to influence glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. This chapter surveys the present knowledge of sex differences, sex hormones, and chromosomes on insulin imbalance and diabetes development. It further highlights the influence of metabolic traits in diabetes and changes in sex hormones during diabetic pregnancy. Notably, even stressful lifestyles have been acknowledged to induce hormonal imbalances. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of hormonal therapy to help stabilize sex hormones in diabetic individuals and focuses on the most recent research investigating the correlation between sex hormones and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Ravi
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumik Das
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Devi Rajeswari
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abbas Alam Choudhury
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shreya Chakraborty
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Du N, Ji AL, Liu XL, Tan CL, Huang XL, Xiao H, Zhou YM, Tang EJ, Hu YG, Yao T, Yao CY, Li YF, Zhou LX, Cai TJ. Association between short-term ambient nitrogen dioxide and type 2 diabetes outpatient visits: A large hospital-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114395. [PMID: 36150443 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as a non-communicable disease imposes heavy disease burdens on society. Limited studies have been conducted to assess the effects of short-term air pollution exposure on T2DM, especially in Asian regions. Our research aimed to determine the association between short-term exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and outpatient visits for T2DM in Chongqing, the largest city in western China, based on the data collected from November 28, 2013 to December 31, 2019. A generalized additive model (GAM) was applied, and stratified analyses were performed to investigate the potential modifying effects by age, gender, and season. Meanwhile, the disease burden was revealed from attributable risk. Positive associations between short-term NO2 and daily T2DM outpatient visits were observed. The strongest association was observed at lag 04, with per 10 μg/m3 increase of NO2 corresponded to increased T2DM outpatient visits at 1.57% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48%, 2.65%]. Stronger associations were presented in middle-aged group (35-64 years old), male group, and cool seasons (October to March). Moreover, there were 1.553% (8664.535 cases) of T2DM outpatient visits attributable to NO2. Middle-aged adults, males, and patients who visited in cool seasons suffered heavier burdens. Conclusively, short-term exposure to NO2 was associated with increased outpatient visits for T2DM. Attention should be paid to the impact of NO2 on the burden of T2DM, especially for those vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Du
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ai-Ling Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chun-Lei Tan
- Department of Quality Management, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Long Huang
- Medical Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - En-Jie Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue-Gu Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ting Yao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chun-Yan Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lai-Xin Zhou
- Medical Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Tong-Jian Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Chaudhuri GR, Das A, Kesh SB, Bhattacharya K, Dutta S, Sengupta P, Syamal AK. Obesity and male infertility: multifaceted reproductive disruption. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-022-00099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The global prevalence of obesity has soared to a concerning height in the past few decades. Interestingly, the global decline in semen quality is a parallel occurrence that urges researchers to evaluate if obesity is among the most essential causatives of male infertility or subfertility.
Main body
Obesity may alter the synchronized working of the reproductive-endocrine milieu, mainly the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis along with its crosstalks with other reproductive hormones. Obesity-mediated impairment in semen parameters may include several intermediate factors, which include physical factors, essentially increased scrotal temperature due to heavy adipose tissue deposits, and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) initiated by various adipose tissue-derived pro-inflammatory mediators. Obesity, via its multifaceted mechanisms, may modulate sperm genetic and epigenetic conformation, which severely disrupt sperm functions. Paternal obesity reportedly has significant adverse effects upon the outcome of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) and the overall health of offspring. Given the complexity of the underlying mechanisms and rapid emergence of new evidence-based hypotheses, the concept of obesity-mediated male infertility needs timely updates and pristine understanding.
Conclusions
The present review comprehensively explains the possible obesity-mediated mechanisms, especially via physical factors, OS induction, endocrine modulation, immune alterations, and genetic and epigenetic changes, which may culminate in perturbed spermatogenesis, disrupted sperm DNA integrity, compromised sperm functions, and diminished semen quality, leading to impaired male reproductive functions.
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Tsuchiya T, Takei A, Tsujikado K, Inukai T. Effects of androgens and estrogens on sirtuin 1 gene expression in human aortic endothelial cells. Saudi Med J 2021; 41:361-368. [PMID: 32291422 PMCID: PMC7841601 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2020.4.25006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of androgens and estrogens on surtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of SIRT-1 expression over 48 hours (h) was performed in HAECs treated with various concentrations of dehydroepiandrostendione (DHEA), androstenedione and testosterone (androgens), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) (estrogens) to investigate the dose-dependency of time courses. The influence of high glucose on SIRT1 expression induced by the androgens and estrogens was also examined. Results: Dehydroepiandrostendione, androstenedione, and testosterone remarkably produced a dose-dependent increase in SIRT1 expression in the range of 10 to 20 μg/ml. High glucose (40mM) medium had significantly inhibitory effects on 10 μg/ml DHEA-induced SIRT1 expression (p=0.024). Estrone and E2, but not E3, caused a marked dose-dependent increase in SIRT1 expression from 10 to 20 μg/ml. Treatment with 20 mM or 40 mM glucose medium did not significantly inhibit E1- and E3-induced SIRT1 expression in control medium; however, both high glucose mediums significantly emphasized E2-induced SIRT1 expression in control medium (p=0.007, p=0.005). Conclusion: These results suggest that DHEA, androstenedione, testosterone, E1, and E2 definitely activate SIRT1 expression in HAECs. A high glucose medium is potent to inhibit the basal gene expression; however, it could not reduce powerful androgen- and estrogen-induced SIRT1 expression in HAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Tsuchiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan. E-mail.
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Shoily SS, Ahsan T, Fatema K, Sajib AA. Common genetic variants and pathways in diabetes and associated complications and vulnerability of populations with different ethnic origins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7504. [PMID: 33820928 PMCID: PMC8021559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex and heterogeneous metabolic disorder which is often pre- or post-existent with complications such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, inflammation, chronic kidney disease, diabetic retino- and nephropathies. However, the frequencies of these co-morbidities vary among individuals and across populations. It is, therefore, not unlikely that certain genetic variants might commonly contribute to these conditions. Here, we identified four single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs5186, rs1800795, rs1799983 and rs1800629 in AGTR1, IL6, NOS3 and TNFA genes, respectively) to be commonly associated with each of these conditions. We explored their possible interplay in diabetes and associated complications. The variant allele and haplotype frequencies at these polymorphic loci vary among different super-populations (African, European, admixed Americans, South and East Asians). The variant alleles are particularly highly prevalent in different European and admixed American populations. Differential distribution of these variants in different ethnic groups suggests that certain drugs might be more effective in selective populations rather than all. Therefore, population specific genetic architectures should be considered before considering a drug for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Samad Shoily
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tamim Ahsan
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kaniz Fatema
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Ashfaqur Sajib
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Zhu B, Chen Y, Xu F, Shen X, Chen X, Lv J, Zhang S. Androgens impair β-cell function in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:265-272. [PMID: 33543730 PMCID: PMC8052571 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgens excess results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is an important cause of β cells dysfunction. Here, we investigated the molecular regulation of androgens excess, ER stress, and β-cell function in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS PCOS mouse model was established by injection of DHEA. Primary cultured mouse islets were used to detect testosterone (TE)-induced ER stress. The response of ER stress, apoptosis, and hyperinsulinemia were analyzed in INS-1 cells with or without TE exposure. Androgen receptor (AR) antagonist and ER stress inhibitor treatment was performed to evaluate the role of TE in ER stress and proinsulin secretion of PCOS mice. RESULTS PCOS mice had higher ER stress in islets. TE exposure induced ER stress and apoptosis significantly through sustaining insulin overexpression in β cells, which in turn impaired proinsulin maturation and secretion. Blocking this process could significantly relieve ER stress and apoptosis and improve insulin homeostasis. CONCLUSION ER stress activated by androgens excess in PCOS contributes to β cell dysfunction and hyperinsulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run ShawHospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolu Shen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanyu Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieqiang Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run ShawHospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Rolon S, Huynh C, Guenther M, Gardezi M, Phillips J, Gehrand AL, Raff H. Insulin and glucose responses to hypoxia in male and female neonatal rats: Effects of the androgen receptor antagonist flutamide. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14663. [PMID: 33393733 PMCID: PMC7780235 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is common with preterm birth and may lead to long-term effects on adult pancreatic endocrine function and insulin sensitivity. This phenomenon may be sexually dimorphic due to the hypoxia-induced augmentation of the neonatal androgen surge in male newborns. We evaluated this phenomenon by pretreating neonatal rats on postnatal days (PD) 1, 6, 13, or 20 with flutamide (a nonsteroidal androgen receptor antagonist) at a standard or a high dose (10 or 50 mg/kg) compared to vehicle control. One day later, neonatal rats were exposed to either acute normoxic or hypoxic separation (fasting) for 90 min, and blood was sampled for the measurement of insulin and glucose and the calculation of HOMA-IR as an index of insulin resistance. During normoxic and hypoxic separation (fasting), flutamide increased insulin secretion in PD2, PD7, and PD14 pups, high dose flutamide attenuated insulin secretion, and high dose flutamide attenuated the increase in HOMA-IR due to hypoxia. Our studies suggest a unique role of the androgen receptor in the control of neonatal pancreatic function, possibly by blocking a direct effect of neonatal testosterone or in response to indirect regulatory effects of androgens on insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rolon
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Department of MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Christine Huynh
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Maya Guenther
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Minhal Gardezi
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Jonathan Phillips
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Ashley L. Gehrand
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Hershel Raff
- Endocrine Research LaboratoryAurora St. Luke's Medical CenterAdvocate Aurora Research InstituteMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Department of MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Department of SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Department of PhysiologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
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Haider KS, Haider A, Saad F, Doros G, Hanefeld M, Dhindsa S, Dandona P, Traish A. Remission of type 2 diabetes following long-term treatment with injectable testosterone undecanoate in patients with hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes: 11-year data from a real-world registry study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:2055-2068. [PMID: 32558149 PMCID: PMC7689919 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether testosterone therapy (TTh) in men with hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) improves glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity, and results in remission of T2DM. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 356 men who had total testosterone levels ≤12.1 nmol/L (350 ng/dL) and symptoms of hypogonadism were included in the study and followed up for 11 years. All patients received standard diabetes treatment and 178 patients additionally received parenteral testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg every 12 weeks following an initial 6-week interval. A control group comprised 178 hypogonadal patients who opted not to receive TTh. RESULTS Patients with hypogonadism and T2DM treated with testosterone had significant progressive and sustained reductions in fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting insulin over the treatment period. In the control group, fasting glucose, HbA1c and fasting insulin increased. Among the patients treated with testosterone 34.3% achieved remission of their diabetes and 46.6% of patients achieved normal glucose regulation. Of the testosterone-treated group, 83.1% reached the HbA1c target of 47.5 mmol/mol (6.5%) and 90% achieved the HbA1c target of 53.0 mmol/mol (7%). In contrast, no remission of diabetes or reductions in glucose or HbA1c levels were noted in the control group. There were fewer deaths, myocardial infarctions, strokes and diabetic complications in the testosterone-treated group. CONCLUSIONS Long-term TTh in men with T2DM and hypogonadism improves glycaemic control and insulin resistance. Remission of diabetes occurred in one-third of the patients. TTh is potentially a novel additional therapy for men with T2DM and hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farid Saad
- Consultant to Medical Affairs Andrology, Bayer AGBerlinGermany
- Research DepartmentGulf Medical University School of MedicineAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Gheorghe Doros
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Markolf Hanefeld
- Zentrum für klinische StudienGWT‐TU Dresden GmbHDresdenGermany
- Medizinische Klinik 3Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav CarusDresdenGermany
| | - Sandeep Dhindsa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismSaint Louis UniversitySt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Paresh Dandona
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismState University of New York at BuffaloNew YorkUSA
- Internal Medicine ‐ EndocrinologyKaleida HealthBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Abdulmaged Traish
- Department of UrologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Zhou Y, Shen L, Dong B, Liu C, Lv W, Chi J, Che K, Gao Y, Wang Y, Wang Y. Elevated circulating luteinizing hormone levels are associated with diabetic macroalbuminuria in Chinese men and postmenopausal women: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes 2020; 12:819-833. [PMID: 32475064 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between sex hormones and diabetic vascular complications have recently been studied, but the role luteinizing hormone (LH) plays in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the relationship of LH and DKD in Chinese men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Data were collected from 1775 T2DM men and postmenopausal women in hospital. The odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) in relation to LH quartiles were obtained by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS LH levels were significantly higher in patients with macroalbuminuria than in those with microalbuminuria, but were not higher in patients with microalbuminuria than in those with normoalbuminuria. Consistently, LH in those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 were significantly higher than in those with eGFR≥60 mL/min/1.73m2 . The prevalence of macroalbuminuria was obviously increased for subjects of the fourth quartile of LH vs the first to third quartile (20.4% vs 6.2%, 8.0%, 12.2% in men; 25.3% vs 5.5%, 3.8%, 9.3% in postmenopausal women). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that subjects within the highest quartile of LH had higher odds of macroalbuminuria than those within the lowest quartile (OR 4.00, 95% CI, 1.87-8.55 for men; OR 9.62, 95% CI, 3.42-27.08 for postmenopausal women), independent of age, diabetes duration, or other metabolic factors. The area under the curve for detecting macroalbuminuria based on LH was 0.662 for men, and 0.767 for postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION High LH levels are positively associated with established DKD among Chinese men and postmenopausal women. Elevated LH may be a promising clinical factor for identifying established DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liyan Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bingzi Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanfeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenshan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingwei Chi
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kui Che
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunyang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Cui LJ, Bai T, Zhi LP, Liu ZH, Liu T, Xue H, Yang HH, Yang XH, Zhang M, Niu YR, Liu YF, Zhang Y. Analysis of long noncoding RNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network in glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist-mediated protection in β cells. World J Diabetes 2020; 11:374-390. [PMID: 32994866 PMCID: PMC7503504 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i9.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs are widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes. The use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) is a novel therapeutic strategy that could promote insulin secretion and decrease the rate of β-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, the specific lncRNAs and mRNAs and their functions in these processes have not been fully identified and elucidated.
AIM To identify the lncRNAs and mRNAs that are involved in the protective effect of GLP-1RA in β cells, and their roles.
METHODS Rat gene microarray was used to screen differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs in β cells treated with geniposide, a GLP-1RA. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to assess the underlying functions of DE mRNAs. Hub mRNAs were filtered using the STRING database and the Cytoscape plugin, CytoHubba. In order to reveal the regulatory relationship between lncRNAs and hub mRNAs, their co-expression network was constructed based on the Pearson coefficient of DE lncRNAs and mRNAs, and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism was explored through miRanda and TargetScan databases.
RESULTS We identified 308 DE lncRNAs and 128 DE mRNAs with a fold change filter of ≥ 1.5 and P value < 0.05. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the most enriched terms were G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, inflammatory response, calcium signaling pathway, positive regulation of cell proliferation, and ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. Pomc, Htr2a, and Agtr1a were screened as hub mRNAs using the STRING database and the Cytoscape plugin, CytoHubba. This result was further verified using SwissTargetPrediction tool. Through the co-expression network and competing endogenous (ceRNA) mechanism, we identified seven lncRNAs (NONRATT027738, NONRATT027888, NONRATT030038, etc.) co-expressed with the three hub mRNAs (Pomc, Htr2a, and Agtr1a) based on the Pearson coefficient of the expression levels. These lncRNAs regulated hub mRNA functions by competing with six miRNAs (rno-miR-5132-3p, rno-miR-344g, rno-miR-3075, etc.) via the ceRNA mechanism. Further analysis indicated that lncRNA NONRATT027738 interacts with all the three hub mRNAs, suggesting that it is at a core position within the ceRNA network.
CONCLUSION We have identified key lncRNAs and mRNAs, and highlighted here how they interact through the ceRNA mechanism to mediate the protective effect of GLP-1RA in β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lin-Ping Zhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huan-Huan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ya-Ru Niu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yun-Feng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
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12
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Yang G, Ma A, Qin ZS. An Integrated System Biology Approach Yields Drug Repositioning Candidates for the Treatment of Heart Failure. Front Genet 2019; 10:916. [PMID: 31608126 PMCID: PMC6773955 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying effective pharmacological treatments for heart failure (HF) patients remains critically important. Given that the development of drugs de novo is expensive and time consuming, drug repositioning has become an increasingly important branch. In the present study, we propose a two-step drug repositioning pipeline and investigate the novel therapeutic effects of existing drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to discover potential therapeutic drugs for HF. In the first step, we compared the gene expression pattern of HF patients with drug-induced gene expression profiles to obtain preliminary candidates. In the second step, we performed a systems biology approach based on the known protein–protein interaction information and targets of drugs to narrow down preliminary candidates to obtain final candidates. Drug set enrichment analysis and literature search were applied to assess the performance of our repositioning approach. We also constructed a mode of action network for each candidate and performed pathway analysis for each candidate using genes contained in their mode of action network to uncover pathways that potentially reflect the mechanisms of candidates’ therapeutic efficacy to HF. We discovered numerous preliminary candidates, some of which are used in clinical practice and supported by the literature. The final candidates contained nearly all of the preliminary candidates supported by previous studies. Drug set enrichment analysis and literature search support the validity of our repositioning approach. The mode of action network for each candidate not only displayed the underlying mechanisms of drug efficacy but also uncovered potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HF. Our two-step drug repositioning approach is efficient to find candidates with potential therapeutic efficiency to HF supported by the literature and might be of particular use in the discovery of novel effective pharmacological therapies for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Aiqun Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaohui S Qin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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13
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Duan Y, Zhang Y, Qu C, Yu W, Shen C. CKLF1 aggravates neointimal hyperplasia by inhibiting apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:108986. [PMID: 31387172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) is a cytokine, which has a detrimental effect on the multiple disease progression. Our previous studies reported that arterial injury induced the upregulation of CKLF1 expression in artery at 7-14 days after injury. Here, using a rat carotid balloon injury model, we found that CKLF1 knockdown in the injured site abolished neointimal formation and even decreased medial area; contrarily, CKLF1 overexpression developed a thicker neointima than controls, demonstrating that CKLF1 exerted positive effects on neointimal hyperplasia and the accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The mechanism study indicated that CKLF1 reduced susceptibility to the cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis, and thereby speeding up VSMC accumulation. This role of CKLF1 was tightly associated with phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase signaling pathway. CKLF1 increased the expression of four isoforms of the PI3-kinase catalytic subunits, which in turn activated its downstream targets Akt and an effector NF-κB accepted as critical transcription factors of cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that CKLF1 had wide-ranging roles in regulating the expression of genes that mainly engaged in cell apoptosis and innate immune response. Collectively, the data allow us to conclude that high level CKLF1 after artery injury switches the balance of VSMC proliferation and apoptosis through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling and consequently leads to neointimal hyperplasia. The findings shed insight into new treatment strategies to limit restenosis based on CKLF1 as a future target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Duan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yongbao Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Chengjia Qu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chenyang Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
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14
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Shepard BD. Sex differences in diabetes and kidney disease: mechanisms and consequences. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F456-F462. [PMID: 31241989 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00249.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes, along with their accompanying hyperglycemia, are associated with a multitude of comorbidities including the development of diabetic kidney disease. Although the hallmarks of these metabolic disorders have been well characterized in population and animal studies, it is becoming increasingly apparent that diabetes manifests itself differently in men and women. This review summarizes the recent diabetic literature with a focus on known sex differences in clinical and preclinical studies. It explores the physiological differences of glucose handling and the development of diabetes between men and women. This review also uncovers potential mechanisms for these differences, honing in on the vital role that sex hormone signaling plays in the progression of diabetes and renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blythe D Shepard
- Department of Human Science, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
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15
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Di Vincenzo A, Busetto L, Vettor R, Rossato M. Obesity, Male Reproductive Function and Bariatric Surgery. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:769. [PMID: 30619096 PMCID: PMC6305362 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are associated with several chronic complications, such as type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, with relevant consequences for patients and public health systems. Reproductive function abnormalities, such as obesity-related secondary hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction and infertility, represent other abnormalities negatively affecting the quality of life of men suffering from obesity but, despite their high prevalence, these are often understated because of a general lack of awareness in clinical practice. Obesity and gonadal function are closely related, with obesity being associated with hypogonadism that is reversed by body weight reduction thus ameliorating reproductive and sexual health. Clinical studies specifically evaluating the impact of non-surgical weight loss on testosterone levels sometimes showed conflicting results, whereas extensive literature has demonstrated that weight loss after bariatric surgery is correlated with an increase in testosterone levels greater than that obtained with only lifestyle interventions, suggesting the role of surgery also for the treatment of hypogonadism in obese male. However, studies concerning the consequences of bariatric surgery on overall reproductive function in the male, including also sexual activity and fertility, are limited and data regarding long-term effects are lacking. Here we present a brief review summarizing the evidence regarding the interplay between obesity and reproductive abnormalities in the obese male, together with the role of bariatric surgery for the treatment of these complications, describing both the positive effects and the limitations of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Di Vincenzo
- Department of Medicine—DIMED, Center for the Study and Integrated Management of Obesity, Clinica Medica 3, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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16
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Wang Y, Hao N, Lin H, Wang T, Xie J, Yuan Y. Down-regulation of CASK in glucotoxicity-induced insulin dysfunction in pancreatic β cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:281-287. [PMID: 29293883 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
High-glucose level exerts deleterious effects on pancreatic β cells, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) plays a vital role in neural development and release of neurotransmitters, and probably plays a role in the anchoring of insulin on pancreatic β cell membrane. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is involved in β-cell dysfunction. The aim of this study was to provide some basic evidence that CASK could be involved in glucotoxicity-induced insulin secretion dysfunction mediated by HIF1α in INS-1E cells. CASK overexpression plasmid, HIF1α agonist (CoCl2), and HIF1α selective inhibitor (KC7F2) were used. The results showed that chronic stimulation with high glucose could induce insulin secretion dysfunction in INS-1E β cells. Overexpression of CASK partially reversed the effects of high glucose on insulin secretion. CoCl2 reduced the expression of CASK, but KC7F2 reversed the glucotoxicity-induced CASK level reduction. These results suggested that glucotoxicity-induced insulin secretion defects in INS-1E cells could be mediated by HIF1α via the down-regulation of CASK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Nana Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinyang Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuexing Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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17
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Estrogen attenuates AGTR1 expression to reduce pancreatic β-cell death from high glucose. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16639. [PMID: 29192236 PMCID: PMC5709427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to high glucose levels results in β-cell dysfunction and death. These effects can be protected by estrogen. The local pancreatic renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been shown as a novel pathological pathway of high-glucose-induced cell death. The effect of estrogen on pancreatic RAS is still unknown. This study examines whether estrogen protects against pancreatic β-cell death caused by glucotoxicity via a decrease in the pancreatic β-cell RAS pathway. When INS-1 cells were cultured in a high glucose medium, cell death was significantly higher than when the cells were cultured in a basal glucose medium; similarly, there were also higher levels of AGTR1 and p47ph°x mRNA, and protein expression. Moreover, the addition of 10−8 M 17β-estradiol to INS-1 cells cultured in a high glucose medium markedly reduced cell death, AGTR1 and p47ph°x mRNA levels, and protein expression. Similar results were demonstrated in the pancreatic islets. The presence of 10−8 M 17β-estradiol, losartan, or a combination of both, in a high glucose medium had similar levels of reduction of p47ph°x mRNA and protein expression, compared with those cultured in high glucose. Taken together, estrogen protected pancreatic β-cells from high-glucose-induced cell death by reducing the AGTR1 pathway.
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18
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Hussain MA, Akalestou E, Song WJ. Inter-organ communication and regulation of beta cell function. Diabetologia 2016; 59:659-67. [PMID: 26791990 PMCID: PMC4801104 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3862-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The physiologically predominant signal for pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin is glucose. While circulating glucose levels and beta cell glucose metabolism regulate the amount of released insulin, additional signals emanating from other tissues and from neighbouring islet endocrine cells modulate beta cell function. To this end, each individual beta cell can be viewed as a sensor of a multitude of stimuli that are integrated to determine the extent of glucose-dependent insulin release. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of inter-organ communications that regulate beta cell insulin release in response to elevated glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob A Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC 10-113, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC 10-113, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Elina Akalestou
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC 10-113, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, CMSC 10-113, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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19
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Liu DM, Guo XZ, Tong HJ, Tao B, Sun LH, Zhao HY, Ning G, Liu JM. Association between osteocalcin and glucose metabolism: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:2823-33. [PMID: 26089135 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations between osteocalcin (Ocn) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). It was revealed that both total Ocn and undercarboxylated Ocn (unOcn) were negatively related with FPG and HbA1c, and the association of unOcn with FPG was more pronounced in men. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the strength of associations between Ocn and FPG and HbA1c using a meta-analysis approach. METHODS A search was carried out using the databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane library from 2007 to 2014 to identify related studies. A pooled effect size with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) was derived. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 39 studies involving 23,381 participants. The overall correlation was -0.16 (95 % CI, -0.19 to -0.14) between total Ocn (tOcn) and FPG and -0.15 (95 % CI, -0.20 to -0.11) between undercarboxylated Ocn (unOcn) and FPG. In the analysis of the association between Ocn and HbA1c, the pooled correlation was -0.16 (95 % CI, -0.18 to -0.14) for tOcn and -0.16 (95 % CI, -0.23 to -0.08) for unOcn. The magnitude of the correlation between unOcn and FPG is significantly higher in men than in women (r = -0.18, 95 % CI, -0.21 to -0.14; r = -0.09, 95 % CI, -0. 13 to -0.05, respectively; P for interaction < 0.05). Similar trend was also found between unOcn and HbA1c but without significance (for men, r = -0.19, 95 % CI, -0.24 to -0.14; for women, r = -0.09, 95 % CI, -0.22 to 0.04, respectively; P for interaction > 0.05). No indication of significant publication bias was found in any method. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrated that both unOcn and tOcn were similarly and negatively correlated with FPG and HbA1c in humans. The negative correlations between unOcn and glucose metabolism appear to be more pronounced in men than in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-M Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - X-Z Guo
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - H-J Tong
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - B Tao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - L-H Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - H-Y Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - G Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - J-M Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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