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Mahmood K, Ali Channa A, Ghafoor A, Riaz A. Factors affecting the efficiency of equine embryo transfer (EET) in polo mares under subtropical conditions of Pakistan. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298066. [PMID: 38346056 PMCID: PMC10861068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Equine embryo transfer (EET) is a prominent technology in the equine breeding industry, and its efficacy is affected by a number of factors. The current study aimed to determine the effects of the breed of donor/recipient mares, estrus/ovulation induction treatment, cooled transportation of embryos, and synchrony between donor and recipient mares on the efficiency of the EET under subtropical conditions of Pakistan. A total of eighty-four (n = 84) Polo-playing donor mares (Argentino-polo = 41 and Anglo-Arab = 43) and seventy (n = 70) recipient mares (light breed = 26 and heavy breed = 44) were used for EET. The donor mares exhibiting natural estrus (n = 28) were detected by teaser a stallion, and corpus luteum (CL) having mares (n = 56) were treated with prostaglandin (150 μg of Cloprostenol) for estrus induction. The mares' follicular growth was monitored through ultrasonography until the dominant follicle's size reached 35 mm or more with a moderate to obvious uterine edema score. Afterward, the mares were treated either with GnRH, i.e., 50 μg of Lecirelin acetate (n = 41) or Ovusyn, i.e., 1500 IU hCG (n = 43). Insemination with chilled semen was performed 24 hours later. The embryos were collected non-surgically, 7 or 8 days after ovulation, from the donor mares. The collected embryos were transferred into the well-synchronized recipient mares as fresh (n = 44) or chilled (n = 26) embryos. The pregnancy after ET was checked through ultrasonography. Statistical analysis revealed that the embryo recovery rate (ERR) remained significantly higher (P<0.05) for the Prostaglandin (PG) treated group of donors as compared to the natural heat group of donors. The breed of donor mares, type of ovulatory treatment given, and day of embryo collection did not significantly (P>0.05) affect the ERR. There was no significant effect of the type (fresh vs chilled), classification, and stage of development of embryo on pregnancy outcomes (P>0.05). ET pregnancy rate was significantly affected by the breed of recipient mares and ovulation synchrony between donor and recipient mares (P<0.05). In conclusion, under the subtropical conditions of Pakistan, PG-based estrus induction of donor mares, breed of recipient mares, and ovulation synchrony between the donor and recipient mares had a substantial effect on the efficiency of EET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mahmood
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aijaz Ali Channa
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ghafoor
- University Diagnostic Lab (UDL) at Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Riaz
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Vozaf J, Svoradová A, Baláži A, Vašíček J, Olexiková L, Dujíčková L, Makarevich AV, Jurčík R, Ďúranová H, Chrenek P. The Cryopreserved Sperm Traits of Various Ram Breeds: Towards Biodiversity Conservation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101311. [PMID: 35625160 PMCID: PMC9137843 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our research was to compare three Slovak sheep breeds in the quality parameters of cryopreserved sperm. The ejaculates of Slovak Dairy (SD), Native Wallachian (NW), and Improved Wallachian (IW) sheep rams (n = 12) were collected by electro-ejaculation. Heterospermic samples were created from suitable ejaculates, separately for each breed (at least 90% of total and 80% of progressive motility). Samples were equilibrated in a Triladyl® diluent and frozen by automated freezing. Sperm samples were subjected to the motility, morphology, (CASA), viability and apoptosis (DRAQ7/Yo-Pro-1), fertilizing capability (penetration/fertilization test (P/F) in vitro) and acrosomal status (transmission electron microscopy) assays before freezing and after thawing. It was found that there were no significant differences (p < 0.05) between the evaluated breeds in motility, viability, apoptosis, morphological properties, and fertilizing ability of cryopreserved sperm. Significant differences occurred in acrosomal status. Our results demonstrate that the use of the selected cryopreservation protocol is suitable for at least three different sheep breeds, which can greatly benefit the biodiversity protection and simplifies the creation of an animal genetic resources gene bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Vozaf
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Andrea Svoradová
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Baláži
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
| | - Jaromír Vašíček
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.V.); (J.V.)
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
| | - Lucia Olexiková
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
| | - Linda Dujíčková
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 1, 94974 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alexander V. Makarevich
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
| | - Rastislav Jurčík
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
| | - Hana Ďúranová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Chrenek
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.V.); (J.V.)
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.O.); (L.D.); (A.V.M.); (R.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Ramirez-Perez H, Guerrero-Netro HM, Torres-Rodríguez P, Díaz-Durán M, Boeta-Acosta AM, Diaw M. A combination of taurine and caffeine maintains sperm quality in equine semen during chilled storage. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 8:635-641. [PMID: 35106304 PMCID: PMC8757662 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2021.h555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeine and taurine on the motility and viability of chilled equine semen. Materials and Methods A total of 12 ejaculates were collected from three mature stallions with proven fertility during the breeding season. The gel-free spermatic fraction of each ejaculate was divided into two aliquots and diluted with a semen extender (either INRA 96® or BotuSemen Gold®). The aliquots were then split and assigned to one of the six treatment groups: control (no supplement), caffeine (2 and 4 mM), taurine (25 and 50 mM), and a combination of caffeine (2 mM) plus taurine (25 mM). Samples were stored at 4°C and analyzed at different time points (0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) to evaluate total (TMOT) and progressive (PMOT) motility and viability by computer-assisted sperm analysis. Results Regardless of the extender, PMOT and TMOT decreased over time. However, compared with the control, the treatment with 4 mM caffeine significantly mitigated the decrease in PMOT at 72 h. Additionally, semen treated with a combination of caffeine plus taurine maintained a significantly higher PMOT at 96 h, with improved viability at all time points. Conclusions The combination of caffeine plus taurine helps maintain chilled equine semen viability and progressive motility up to 96 h independently of the extender used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermelinda Ramirez-Perez
- Depto. de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México.,These two authors contributed equally
| | - Hilda Morayma Guerrero-Netro
- Depto. de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México.,These two authors contributed equally
| | | | - Maricruz Díaz-Durán
- Depto. de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ana Myriam Boeta-Acosta
- Depto. de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, UNAM, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mouhamadou Diaw
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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