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Cao X, Huang L, Tang M, Liang Y, Liu X, Hou H, Liang S. Antibiotics daptomycin interacts with S protein of SARS-CoV-2 to promote cell invasion of Omicron (B1.1.529) pseudovirus. Virulence 2024; 15:2339703. [PMID: 38576396 PMCID: PMC11057663 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2339703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has posed enormous challenges to global public health. The use of antibiotics has greatly increased during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic owing to the presence of bacterial co-infection and secondary bacterial infections. The antibiotics daptomycin (DAP) is widely used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by gram-positive bacteria owing to its highly efficient antibacterial activity. It is pivotal to study the antibiotics usage options for patients of coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) with pneumonia those need admission to receive antibiotics treatment for bacterial co-infection in managing COVID-19 disease. Herein, we have revealed the interactions of DAP with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 and the variant Omicron (B1.1.529) using the molecular docking approach and Omicron (B1.1.529) pseudovirus (PsV) mimic invasion. Molecular docking analysis shows that DAP has a certain degree of binding ability to the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 and several derived virus variants, and co-incubation of 1-100 μM DAP with cells promotes the entry of the PsV into human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2)-expressing HEK-293T cells (HEK-293T-hACE2), and this effect is related to the concentration of extracellular calcium ions (Ca2+). The PsV invasion rate in the HEK-293T-hACE2 cells concurrently with DAP incubation was 1.7 times of PsV infection alone. In general, our findings demonstrate that DAP promotes the infection of PsV into cells, which provides certain reference of antibiotics selection and usage optimization for clinicians to treat bacterial coinfection or secondary infection during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinpeng Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huijin Hou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Cebrián R, Lucas R, Fernández-Cantos MV, Slot K, Peñalver P, Martínez-García M, Párraga-Leo A, de Paz MV, García F, Kuipers OP, Morales JC. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of aminoalkyl resveratrol derivatives inspired by cationic peptides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:267-281. [PMID: 36600674 PMCID: PMC9828810 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2146685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, far from being resolved. The need of new drugs against new targets is imminent. In this work, we present a family of aminoalkyl resveratrol derivatives with antibacterial activity inspired by the properties of cationic amphipathic antimicrobial peptides. Surprisingly, the newly designed molecules display modest activity against aerobically growing bacteria but show surprisingly good antimicrobial activity against anaerobic bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) suggesting specificity towards this bacterial group. Preliminary studies into the action mechanism suggest that activity takes place at the membrane level, while no cross-resistance with traditional antibiotics is observed. Actually, some good synergistic relations with existing antibiotics were found against Gram-negative pathogens. However, some cytotoxicity was observed, despite their low haemolytic activity. Our results show the importance of the balance between positively charged moieties and hydrophobicity to improve antimicrobial activity, setting the stage for the design of new drugs based on these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Cebrián
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain,CONTACT Rubén Cebrián University Hospital San Cecilio,Clinical Microbiology Department, Av. de la Innovación s/n, 18061, Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lucas
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - María Victoria Fernández-Cantos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Slot
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-García
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Párraga-Leo
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - María Violante de Paz
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Federico García
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Oscar P. Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Oscar P. Kuipers University of Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Genetics, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Carlos Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain,Juan Carlos Morales Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, CSIC, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento 17, Armilla, 18016Granada, Spain
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3
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García de la Mària C, Cañas MA, Fernández-Pittol M, Dahl A, García-González J, Hernández-Meneses M, Cuervo G, Moreno A, Miró JM, Marco F. Emerging issues on Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis and the role in therapy of daptomycin plus fosfomycin. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:281-293. [PMID: 36744387 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2174969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methicillin-resistant and -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA/MSSA) infections are a major global health-care problem. Bacteremia with S. aureus exhibits high rates of morbidity and mortality and can cause complicated infections such as infective endocarditis (IE). The emerging resistance profile of S. aureus is worrisome, and several international agencies have appealed for new treatment approaches to be developed. AREAS COVERED Daptomycin presents a rapid bactericidal effect against MRSA and has been considered at least as effective as vancomycin in treating MRSA bacteremia. However, therapy failure is often related to deep-seated infections, e.g. endocarditis, with high bacterial inocula and daptomycin regimens <10 mg/kg/day. Current antibiotic options for treating invasive S. aureus infections have limitations in monotherapy. Daptomycin in combination with other antibiotics, e.g. fosfomycin, may be effective in improving clinical outcomes in patients with MRSA IE. EXPERT OPINION Exploring therapeutic combinations has shown fosfomycin to have a unique mechanism of action and to be the most effective option in preventing the onset of resistance to and optimizing the efficacy of daptomycin, suggesting the synergistic combination of fosfomycin with daptomycin is a useful alternative treatment option for MSSA or MRSA IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García de la Mària
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Alexandra Cañas
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anders Dahl
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Javier García-González
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández-Meneses
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Cuervo
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asunción Moreno
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Miró
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Marco
- Microbiology Department, Centre Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB) Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Gavriilidou A, Mackenzie TA, Sánchez P, Tormo JR, Ingham C, Smidt H, Sipkema D. Bioactivity Screening and Gene-Trait Matching across Marine Sponge-Associated Bacteria. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:75. [PMID: 33573261 PMCID: PMC7912018 DOI: 10.3390/md19020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges harbor diverse microbial communities that represent a significant source of natural products. In the present study, extracts of 21 sponge-associated bacteria were screened for their antimicrobial and anticancer activity, and their genomes were mined for secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Phylogenetic analysis assigned the strains to four major phyla in the sponge microbiome, namely Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Bioassays identified one extract with anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity, and more than 70% of the total extracts had a moderate to high cytotoxicity. The most active extracts were derived from the Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, prominent for producing bioactive substances. The strong bioactivity potential of the aforementioned strains was also evident in the abundance of BGCs, which encoded mainly beta-lactones, bacteriocins, non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), terpenes, and siderophores. Gene-trait matching was performed for the most active strains, aiming at linking their biosynthetic potential with the experimental results. Genetic associations were established for the anti-MRSA and cytotoxic phenotypes based on the similarity of the detected BGCs with BGCs encoding natural products with known bioactivity. Overall, our study highlights the significance of combining in vitro and in silico approaches in the search of novel natural products of pharmaceutical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asimenia Gavriilidou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (H.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Thomas Andrew Mackenzie
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (T.A.M.); (P.S.); (J.R.T.)
| | - Pilar Sánchez
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (T.A.M.); (P.S.); (J.R.T.)
| | - José Ruben Tormo
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (T.A.M.); (P.S.); (J.R.T.)
| | | | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (H.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; (H.S.); (D.S.)
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5
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Balleza D, Mescola A, Alessandrini A. Model lipid systems and their use to evaluate the phase state of biomembranes, their mechanical properties and the effect of non-conventional antibiotics: the case of daptomycin. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2020; 49:401-408. [PMID: 32632743 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-020-01445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The lipid bilayer is the basis of the structure and function of the cell membrane. The study of the molecular phenomena that affect biological membranes has a great impact on the understanding of cellular physiology. To understand these phenomena, it has become increasingly necessary to develop simple synthetic models that allow the most basic details of such processes to be reproduced. In this short communication, we took advantage of the properties of two well-established lipid model systems, GUVs and SLBs, with compositions mimicking the cell membrane present in mammals and bacteria, to study the thermotropic phase behavior of lipids as well as the effect of daptomycin, a cyclic lipopeptide used as an antibiotic. The study of mechanical and thermodynamical properties of these model systems could contribute to establish a theoretical framework to develop more efficient strategies for biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Balleza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Educación Superior, Zapopan, 45138, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Andrea Mescola
- CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Alessandrini
- CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Informatiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
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6
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Devi S, Kiesewalter HT, Kovács R, Frisvad JC, Weber T, Larsen TO, Kovács ÁT, Ding L. Depiction of secondary metabolites and antifungal activity of Bacillus velezensis DTU001. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2019; 4:142-149. [PMID: 31508511 PMCID: PMC6719288 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For a safe and sustainable environment, effective microbes as biocontrol agents are in high demand. We have isolated a new Bacillus velezensis strain DTU001, investigated its antifungal spectrum, sequenced its genome, and uncovered the production of lipopeptides in HPLC-HRMS analysis. To test the antifungal efficacy, extracts of B. velezensis DTU001 was tested against a range of twenty human or plant pathogenic fungi. We demonstrate that inhibitory potential of B. velezensis DTU001 against selected fungi is superior in comparison to single lipopeptide, either iturin or fengycin. The isolate showed analogous biofilm formation to other closely related Bacilli. To further support the biocontrol properties of the isolate, coculture with Candida albicans demonstrated that B. velezensis DTU001 exhibited excellent antiproliferation effect against C. albicans. In summary, the described isolate is a potential antifungal agent with a broad antifungal spectrum that might assist our aims to avoid hazardous pathogenic fungi and provide alternative to toxicity caused by chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Devi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Heiko T. Kiesewalter
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Renátó Kovács
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jens Christian Frisvad
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tilmann Weber
- Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ákos T. Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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7
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Skedros JG, Henrie MK, Finlinson ED, Trachtenberg JD. Polymicrobial anaerobic infection with a deep abscess in the supraspinous fossa following a subacromial corticosteroid injection. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 11:11/1/e226598. [PMID: 30567107 PMCID: PMC6301599 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In September 2015, a male aged 61 years with poorly controlled diabetes (his only medical problem) had left shoulder surgery that included an arthroscopic acromioplasty with debridement of suture material from a rotator cuff repair done 10 years prior. A subacromial corticosteroid injection was given 7 months later for pain and reduced motion. Three weeks later a fulminate infection was evident. Cultures grew Propionibacterium acnes. Treatment included two arthroscopic debridement surgeries and 8 weeks of intravenous antibiotics (primarily daptomycin). Eight weeks after the cessation of the antibiotics, purulence recurred and tissue cultures then grew Staphylococcus epidermidis. Several additional surgeries were needed to control the infection. We failed to recognise that an abscess that extended from the subacromial space across the entire supraspinous fossa. We report this case to alert clinicians that a seemingly innocuous subacromial corticosteroid injection can lead to an atypical infection and also extend into the supraspinous fossa.
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8
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Abstract
Vascular graft infection is a devastating complication of vascular reconstructive surgery. The infection can occur early in the postoperative period and is largely due to intraoperative contamination or by contiguous extension from a nearby infection. It can also occur years after implantation. Staphylococci remain the most common organisms and biofilm production makes eradication difficult. Factors commonly reported to predispose to vascular graft infection are periodontal disease, nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus, bacteremia, certain graft characteristics, diabetes mellitus, postoperative hyperglycemia, location of the incision, wound infection, and emergency procedure. Management consists of antibiotic and surgical therapy. Preventive methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Gharamti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Cairo Street, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Zeina A Kanafani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Cairo Street, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Cairo Street, PO Box 11-0236/11D, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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9
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Roch M, Gagetti P, Davis J, Ceriana P, Errecalde L, Corso A, Rosato AE. Daptomycin Resistance in Clinical MRSA Strains Is Associated with a High Biological Fitness Cost. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2303. [PMID: 29259579 PMCID: PMC5723333 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Daptomycin remains as one of the main treatment options for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Sporadic resistance cases reported in patients treated with either daptomycin or glycopeptides are a growing concern. In a previous study, we described a clinical case of a patient with a community-acquired MRSA infection resistant to daptomycin and with intermediate resistance to vancomycin who developed a recurrent infection with a susceptible isogenic strain. In the present work, we further investigated the sequential events to determine whether the switch from a daptomycin resistance to a susceptible phenotype was due to a phenomenon of resistance reversion or recurrent infection with a susceptible strain. Pairwise competition experiments showed that the susceptible clinical recurrent SA6850 strain had increased fitness when compared to the resistant counterpart SA6820 strain. In fact, although we have demonstrated that reversion of daptomycin resistance to daptomycin susceptible can occur in vitro after serial passages in drug-free media, phylogenetic analysis suggested that the in vivo process was the result of a recurrent infection with a previous susceptible isolate carried by the patient rather than a resistance reversion of the strain. Whole genome sequence of evolved strains showed that daptomycin resistance in MRSA is associated with a high fitness cost mediated by mutations in mprF gene, revealed as a key element of the biological cost. Moreover, we determined that daptomycin resistance-associated fitness cost was independent of vancomycin intermediate resistance phenotype, as demonstrated in additional clinical MRSA vancomycin susceptible strains. This study highlights important observations as, despite daptomycin offers a useful treatment option for the patients with persistent infections, it has to be carefully monitored. The high fitness cost associated to daptomycin resistance may explain the reduced dissemination of daptomycin resistance and the absence of daptomycin reported outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Roch
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Paula Gagetti
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States.,Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - James Davis
- Argonne National Laboratory (DOE), Lemont, IL, United States.,Computation Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Paola Ceriana
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Errecalde
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Hospital General de Agudos Juan Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Corso
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana E Rosato
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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10
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Cyclic Peptides as Novel Therapeutic Microbicides: Engineering of Human Defensin Mimetics. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071217. [PMID: 28726740 PMCID: PMC6152268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are receiving significant attention thanks to their antimicrobial activity and high serum stability, which is useful to develop and design novel antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides appear to be key components of innate defences against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Among the others, defensins possess a strong microbicidial activity. Defensins are cationic and amphipathic peptides with six cysteine residues connected by three disulfide bonds found in plants, insects, and mammals; they are divided in three families: α-, β-, and θ-defensins. α-Defensins are contained in the primary granules of human neutrophils; β-defensins are expressed in human epithelia; and θ-defensins are pseudo-cyclic defensins not found in humans, but in rhesus macaques. The structural diversities among the three families are reflected in a different antimicrobial action as well as in serum stability. The engineering of these peptides is an exciting opportunity to obtain more functional antimicrobial molecules highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents. The present review reports the most recent advances in the field of cyclic peptides with a specific regard to defensin analogs.
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11
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Daptomycin for the treatment of major gram-positive infections after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg 2016; 11:120. [PMID: 27488025 PMCID: PMC4972954 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-016-0519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infection is a main cause of morbidity and mortality after heart surgery, with multi-resistant pathogens increasingly representing a challenge. Daptomycin provides bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms that are resistant to standard treatment including vancomycin. Methods A cohort of cardiac surgical patients, treated with daptomycin for major infection at two tertiary care centers, were retrospectively studied with a particular focus on the type of infection, causative pathogens and co-infections, daptomycin dosage, adverse events and outcome in order to provide evidence for the efficiency and safety of daptomycin in a distinct high-risk patient population. Results Sixty-five patients (87.7 % males, 60.4 ± 13.5 years) who had undergone aortic surgery (20.0 %), ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation (21.5 %), combined procedures (21.5 %), coronary artery bypass grafting (12.3 %), isolated valve surgery (15.4 %) and heart transplantation (7.7 %) were diagnosed with catheter-related infection (26.1 %), valve endocarditis (18.8 %), sternal wound (13.0 %), VAD-associated (11.6 %), cardiac implantable electrophysiological device (CIED)-associated (4.1 %), respiratory tract (4.3 %), bloodstream (4.3 %) and other infection (4.3 %). In 13.0 %, no focus of infection was identified though symptoms of severe infection were present. The most frequent pathogens were Staphylococcus epidermidis (30.4 %), Staphylococcus aureus (23.1 %) and Enterococcus species (10.1 %). Daptomycin doses ranging from 3 mg/kg every 48 h to 10 mg/kg every 24 h were administered for 15.4 ± 11.8 days. 87.0 % of the cases were classified as success, 7.2 % as treatment failure and 5.8 as non-evaluable. Adverse events were limited to one case of mild and one case of moderate neutropenia with recovery upon termination of treatment. Conclusion Daptomycin proved safe and effective in major infection in high-risk cardiac surgical patients.
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12
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Patel S, Ahmed S, Eswari JS. Therapeutic cyclic lipopeptides mining from microbes: latest strides and hurdles. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1177-93. [PMID: 26041368 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases impose serious public health burdens and often have devastating consequences. The cyclic lipopeptides elaborated by bacteria Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Serratia, Propionibacterium and fungus Fusarium are very crucial in restraining the pathogens. Composed of a peptide and a fatty acyl moiety these amphiphilic metabolites exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial effects. Among the plethora of cyclic lipopeptides, only selective few have emerged as robust antibiotics. For their functional vigor, polymyxin, daptomycin, surfactin, iturin, fengysin, paenibacterin and pseudofactin have been integrated in mainstream healthcare. Daptomycin has been a significant part of antimicrobial arsenal since the past decade. As the magnitude of drug resistance rises in unprecedented manner, the urgency of prospecting novel cyclic lipopeptides is being perceived. Intense research has revealed the implication of these bioactive compounds stretching beyond antibacterial and antifungal. Anticancer, immunomodulatory, prosthetic parts disinfection and vaccine adjuvancy are some of the validated prospects. This review discusses the emerging applications, mechanisms governing the biological actions, role of genomics in refining structure and function, semi-synthetic analog discovery, novel strain isolation, setbacks etc. Though its beyond the scope of the current topic, for holistic purpose, the role of lipopeptides in bioremediation and crop biotechnology has been briefly outlined. This updated critique is expected to galvanize innovations and diversify therapeutic recruitment of microbial lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA,
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Penetration of daptomycin into bone and synovial fluid in joint replacement. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:3991-6. [PMID: 24798278 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02344-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Daptomycin exhibits clinical activity in the treatment of infections with Gram-positive organisms, including infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, little is known about its penetration into bone and synovial fluid. The aim of our study was to assess the penetration of daptomycin into bone and synovial fluid after a single intravenous administration. This study was conducted in 16 patients who underwent knee or hip replacement and received a single intravenous dose of 8 mg of daptomycin per kg of body weight prior to surgery. Plasma daptomycin concentrations were measured 1 h after the end of daptomycin infusion and when bone fragments were removed. Daptomycin concentrations were also measured on bone fragments and synovial fluid collected at the same time during surgery. All samples were analyzed with a diode array-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. After a single-dose intravenous infusion, bone daptomycin concentrations were above the MIC of daptomycin for Staphylococcus aureus in all subjects, and the median bone penetration percentage was 9.0% (interquartile range [IQR], 4.4 to 11.4). These results support the use of daptomycin in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bone and joint infections.
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Cattoir V, Giard JC. Antibiotic resistance inEnterococcus faeciumclinical isolates. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 12:239-48. [DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2014.870886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Daptomicina en el contexto de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos en bacterias grampositivas. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2012; 30 Suppl 1:10-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s0213-005x(12)70066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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JEBRAN AHMADF, POPOV ARONF, ZENKER DIETER, BIRETA CHRISTIAN, RAJARUTHNAM DIRENDRA, FRIEDRICH MARTIN, SCHOENDUBE FRIEDRICHA. Treatment of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection with Daptomycin. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2011; 35:e105-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hussain A, Kairamkonda V, Jenkins DR. Successful treatment of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in a neonate using daptomycin. J Med Microbiol 2010; 60:381-383. [PMID: 21127158 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.027235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Daptomycin is licensed for the management of Staphylococcus aureus infections in adults, including those caused by meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Few data exist on paediatric use or dose guidance in neonates. We report the case of a neonate with MRSA bacteraemia successfully managed with daptomycin. Dose requirements were substantially higher than those recommended for adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Hussain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Venkatesh Kairamkonda
- Department of Child Health, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - David Richard Jenkins
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
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Beiras-Fernandez A, Vogt F, Sodian R, Weis F. Daptomycin: a novel lipopeptide antibiotic against Gram-positive pathogens. Infect Drug Resist 2010; 3:95-101. [PMID: 21694898 PMCID: PMC3108743 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s6961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to summarize the historical background of drug resistance of Gram-positive pathogens as well as to describe in detail the novel lipopeptide antibiotic daptomycin. Pharmacological and pharmacokinetic aspects are reviewed and the current clinical use of daptomycin is presented. Daptomycin seems to be a reliable drug in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections, infective right-sided endocarditis, and bacteremia caused by Gram-positive agents. Its unique mechanism of action and its low resistance profile, together with its rapid bactericidal action make it a favorable alternative to vancomycin in multi-drug resistant cocci. The role of daptomycin in the treatment of prosthetic material infections, osteomyelitis, and urogenital infections needs to be evaluated in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Beiras-Fernandez
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
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Activité in vitro de la daptomycine vis-à-vis de souches cliniques isolées de plaies du pied chez des diabétiques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:73-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2009.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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[Update on antimicrobial chemotherapy]. Med Mal Infect 2009; 40:135-54. [PMID: 19959306 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a constant need for new antibacterial agents because of the unavoidable development of bacterial resistance that follows the introduction of antibiotics in clinical practice. As observed in many fields, innovation generally comes by series. For instance, a wide variety of broad-spectrum antibacterial agents became available between the 1970s and the 1990s, such as cephalosporins, penicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones. Over the last 2 decades, the arrival of new antibacterial drugs on the market has dramatically slowed, leaving a frequent gap between isolation of resistant pathogens and effective treatment options. In fact, many pharmaceutical companies focused on the development of narrow-spectrum antibiotics targeted at multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium). Therefore, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (e.g. extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii) recently emerged and rapidly spread worldwide. Even if some molecules were developed, new molecules for infections caused by these multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria remain remarkably scarce compared to those for Gram-positive infections. This review summarises the major microbiological, pharmacological, and clinical properties of systemic antibiotics recently marketed in France (i.e. linezolid, daptomycin, tigecycline, ertapenem, and doripenem) as well as those of antibacterial drugs currently in development (i.e. ceftobiprole, ceftaroline, dalbavancin, telavancin, oritavancin, iclaprim, and ramoplanin) or available in other countries (i.e. garenoxacin, sitafloxacin, and temocillin).
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravitreal injection (IVI) with administration of various pharmacological agents is a mainstay of treatment in ophthalmology for endopthalmitis, viral retinitis, age-related macular degeneration, cystoid macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, vascular occlusions, and retinal detachment. The indications and therapeutic agents are reviewed in this study. METHODS A search of the English, German, and Spanish language MEDLINE database was conducted. A total of 654 references spanning the period through early 2008 were individually evaluated. RESULTS The advantage of the IVI technique is the ability to maximize intraocular levels of medications and to avoid the toxicities associated with systemic treatment. Intravitreal injection has been used to deliver several types of pharmacological agents into the vitreous cavity: antiinfective and antiinflammatory medications, immunomodulators, anticancer agents, gas, antivascular endothelial growth factor, and several others. The goal of this review is to provide a detailed description of the properties of numerous therapeutic agents that can be delivered through IVI, potential complications of the technique, and recommendations to avoid side effects. CONCLUSION The IVI technique is a valuable tool that can be tailored to the disease process of interest based on the pharmacological agent selected. This review provides the reader with a comprehensive summary of the IVI technique and its multitude of uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholam A Peyman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85351, USA.
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Sakoulas G, Brown J, Lamp KC, Friedrich LV, Lindfield KC. Clinical outcomes of patients receiving daptomycin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections and assessment of clinical factors for daptomycin failure: A retrospective cohort study utilizing the Cubicin® Outcomes Registry and Experience. Clin Ther 2009; 31:1936-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractLipopeptide antibiotics represent an old class of antibiotics that were discovered over 50 years ago, which includes the old polymyxins but also new entries, such as the recently approved daptomycin. They generally consist of a hydrophilic cyclic peptide portion attached to a fatty acid chain which facilitates insertion into the lipid bilayer of bacterial membranes. This review presents an overview of this class of antibiotics, focusing on their therapeutic applications and putting particular emphasis on chemical modifications introduced to improve their activity.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009; 17:66-73. [PMID: 19225308 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e32832406ce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gonzalez-Ruiz A, Richardson J. Are glycopeptides still appropriate and convenient for empiric use? J Chemother 2009; 20:531-41. [PMID: 19028614 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2008.20.5.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The glycopeptides vancomycin and teicoplanin are widely used, and indeed recommended for, the treatment of severe or resistant Gram-positive infections. Therapeutic drug monitoring is widely used for vancomycin but less commonly for teicoplanin, and remains controversial. We report the cost savings of a formulary decision to replace teicoplanin with daptomycin for the empiric treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections (CSSTIs), staphylococcal bacteraemia and hospital-acquired Gram-positive sepsis. In the Intensive Therapy Unit (ITU) we optimised treatment of serious Gram-positive infections by substituting teicoplanin with vancomycin administered by continuous infusion. Costs were calculated using British National Formulary (BNF) prices and costs for therapeutic drug monitoring. Daptomycin (350 mg/d) use was associated with a cost saving per 7 days of treatment of 86 pounds and vancomycin with 51 pounds (4 g/d) to 276 pounds (2 g/d) compared to the 600 mg teicoplanin dose. Our own formulary re-positioning of glyco/lipopeptides, i.e. the preferential use of vancomycin in the ITU and substitution of teicoplanin with daptomycin, is cost-effective and provides better therapeutic alternatives. Continuous vancomycin infusion in the ITU setting guarantees optimal dosing for severely ill patients. Daptomycin use on surgical and medical wards, apart from being marginally cheaper than teicoplanin, guarantees optimal dosing without the need for drug monitoring.
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Calvo J, Martínez-Martínez L. Mecanismos de acción de los antimicrobianos. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2009; 27:44-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Magid Abou-Gharbia
- Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
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Castanheira M, Jones RN, Sader HS. Update of the in vitro activity of daptomycin tested against 6710 Gram-positive cocci isolated in North America (2006). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 61:235-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2008.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Eisenstein BI. Treatment of staphylococcal infections with cyclic lipopeptides. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14 Suppl 2:10-6. [PMID: 18226085 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.01921.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Daptomycin is the first of a new class of antibiotics, the cyclic lipopeptides, for which a novel mechanism of action is hypothesised. Owing to its mode of action, daptomycin is rapidly bactericidal without being bacteriolytic, is active against static- and growing-phase bacteria, and has a low resistance rate in vitro. Phase III clinical trials have demonstrated that daptomycin is as effective as standard therapy for the treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections associated with Gram-positive infections, and daptomycin-treated patients benefited from a reduced time to clinical resolution. Daptomycin has also been shown to be as effective as standard therapy in the treatment of bacteraemia associated with Staphylococcus aureus, with or without endocarditis. These results indicate that daptomycin is a useful therapeutic option for treating Gram-positive infections, particularly those caused by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B I Eisenstein
- Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lexington, MA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02421, USA.
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Metz GM, Thyagarajan A. A successful protocol for daptomycin desensitization. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008; 100:87. [PMID: 18254489 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)60411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chen W, Huang L. Induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and antitumor activity by a liposomal lipopeptide vaccine. Mol Pharm 2008; 5:464-71. [PMID: 18266319 DOI: 10.1021/mp700126c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously described a simple yet effective liposome-based therapeutic vaccine, DOTAP/E7, which contains only two molecules, the cationic lipid DOTAP and a peptide antigen derived from the E7 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. In the current report, we have improved the vaccine formulation by incorporation of E7-lipopeptide instead of the water-soluble native E7 peptide into the DOTAP liposome. The lipopeptide consists of an N-terminal alpha- or -palmitoyl lysine connected to the E7 peptide via a dipeptide Ser-Ser linker. The DOTAP/E7-lipopeptide vaccine exhibited an enhanced functional antigen-specific CD8 (+) T lymphocyte response in vivo compared to the previous DOTAP/E7 formulation. More importantly, the cytotoxic T cells induced by the DOTAP/E7-lipopeptide vaccine could efficiently eliminate an existing HPV positive TC-1 tumor. The antitumor activity of lipopeptide formulated in DOTAP liposome was more than twice as potent as that of native E7, likely owing to the increased peptide entrapment efficiency in the liposomal complex. Our results also showed that it is essential to have the dipeptide spacer sequence between E7 peptide and the attached fatty acid to achieve a full immune response. Overall, the improved DOTAP/E7-lipopeptide vaccine described herein showed a significantly enhanced therapeutic effect for the treatment of a cervical cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihsu Chen
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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van den Besselaar AMHP, Tripodi A. Effect of daptomycin on prothrombin time and the requirement for outlier exclusion in International Sensitivity Index calibration of thromboplastin. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:1975-6. [PMID: 17723138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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