1
|
Chorny A, Gershoni A, Mahler O, Sorkin N, Nahum Y, Sella R, Bahar I, Livny E. Corneal pseudoectasia: a case series. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:17. [PMID: 38321320 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-02992-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To raise awareness of conditions that can tomographically mimic corneal ectasia and describe the actions required to avoid misdiagnosis. METHODS We report a retrospective case series of seven patients presenting at two tertiary care centers in Israel with a presumed diagnosis of keratoconus or post-refractive ectasia. Upon further examination, the ectasia diagnosis was reconsidered and eventually ruled out. RESULTS Included were ten eyes of seven patients. Cases included bilateral diffuse Salzmann's nodular degeneration, ophthalmoplegia with strabismus which precluded proper fixation during the acquisition of tomography images, two cases of incorrect Pentacam parameter settings, a patient with a history of hyperopic laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) treatment in one eye and myopic LASIK in the fellow eye, a case of old post-photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) stromal haze, and a patient with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS Tomography patterns mimicking corneal ectasia can appear in patients without ectatic pathology. The comprehensive ophthalmologist should be aware of such cases as they may substantially alter the treatment course and prognosis of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chorny
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soroka University Medical Center, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
- Sydney Eye Hospital, 8 Macquarie St, Syndey, 2000, Australia.
| | - Assaf Gershoni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Mahler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shamir Medical Center, Be'er Yaakov, Israel
- Enaim Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Sorkin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoav Nahum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruti Sella
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Bahar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eitan Livny
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
False corneal ectasia in patients referred for corneal crosslinking, topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy, and intrastromal corneal rings. Can J Ophthalmol 2019; 54:374-381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
3
|
Panahi Y, Azimi A, Naderi M, Jadidi K, Sahebkar A. An analytical enrichment-based review of structural genetic studies on keratoconus. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4748-4756. [PMID: 30260013 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Keratoconus is a progressive bilateral corneal protrusion that leads to irregular astigmatism and impairment of vision. Keratoconus is an etiologically heterogeneous corneal dystrophy and both environmental and genetic factors play a role in its etiopathogenesis. In this analytical review, we have studied all the genes that are structurally associated with keratoconus and have tried to explain the function of each gene and its association with other eye disorders in a concise way. In addition, using gene set enrichment analysis, it was attempted to find the most important impaired metabolic pathways in keratoconus. Several genetic studies have been carried out on keratoconus and several genes have been identified as risk factors involved in the etiology of the disease. In the current study, 16 studies, including nine association studies, five genome-wide association studies, one linkage study, and one meta-analysis, were reviewed and based on the 19 genes found, enrichment was performed and the most important metabolic pathways involved in the disease were identified. The enrichment results indicated that the two pathways, interleukin 1 processing and assembly of collagen fibrils, are significantly associated with the disease. Obviously, the results of this study, in addition to providing information about the genes involved in the disease, can provide an integrated insight into the gene-based etiology of keratoconus and therapeutic opportunities thereof.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Azimi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poostchi Eye Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Naderi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic inflammation Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|