Coordenação da assistência prestada às pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS em um município do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Evaluation of the health attention to pregnant women with HIV: comparison between primary and specialized service

ABSTRACT The public network for health care of pregnant women with HIV, in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil, includes primary and specialized care services. Objective: Evaluating whether the type of service interferes in the quality score of the health care in the experience of the pregnant women with HIV. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with data collection from April-November/2014, with 78 participants. The Primary Care Assessment Tool-Brazil instrument was applied and the Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results: The quality of care received was evaluated as unsatisfactory both in primary care (6.50) and in specialized care (6.35). Conclusion: The type of service interferes with the quality of care, which can affect women's choice of service. It is necessary to improve the quality of both types of services and to search for the management of shared care to attend both the usual care of gestation and the specificity of infection.

Coordenação do cuidado e Atenção Primária à Saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde

RESUMO Coordenação do cuidado significa estabelecer conexões de modo a alcançar o objetivo maior de prover/atender às necessidades e preferências dos usuários na oferta de cuidados em saúde, com elevado valor, qualidade e continuidade. O presente ensaio faz uma revisão dos estudos, teóricos e empíricos, sobre coordenação do cuidado, tendo como objetivo norteador a identificação de políticas, estratégias e instrumentos para alcance de melhor coordenação no Sistema Único de Saúde. A síntese é realizada a partir de três dimensões, consideradas centrais para análise desse atributo no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) brasileira: posição da Estratégia Saúde da Família na rede assistencial; integração entre níveis assistenciais e interfaces com a regulação assistencial; e integração horizontal com outros dispositivos de atenção e cuidado no território. Buscou-se identificar conceitos, evidências, resultados e desafios acerca da coordenação do cuidado no cenário nacional, assim como formular uma 'agenda estratégica pró-coordenação' que reconhece os avanços alcançados, mas também a incompletude dessas iniciativas. Na medida em que o fortalecimento da APS é uma das mais potentes medidas pró-coordenação, a diminuição de investimentos e de prioridade na Estratégia Saúde da Família representa o enfraquecimento da consolidação de arranjos sistêmicos, capazes de garantir a integralidade da atenção.

HIV/AIDS care: analysis of actions and health services integration

Abstract Objective: To analyze the integration of actions and health services in care provided by Specialized Services (SS) in Ribeirão Preto/SP in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) perception. Methods: Exploratory descriptive study, survey type in which 253 PLWHA were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by indicators (classified as unsatisfactory-average from 1 to 2.5; regular-between 2.6 and 3.5; satisfying-3.6 to 5) and multiple correspondence analysis. Results: The integration of health care actions had an average 3.7 (SD = 1.7) classified as satisfactory. The horizontal integration was satisfactory regarding the use of medical records, and the vertical one regarding the referral to other health services. The low utilization of Basic Care and Emergency Care services was also identified. Conclusion: Despite of the satisfactory rating on the integration of assistance to PLWHA, challenges still be done, highlighting the need for greater empowerment of individuals and strengthening reference mechanisms with support of SCS to other points of attention in HIV/AIDS specificities.

Integration of health services in the care of people living with aids: an approach using a decision tree

The care offer to people living with HIV/AIDS must transcend specialized outpatient services and include the participation of the Family Health Strategy. By understanding the importance of integration between these two points in the care network, the study aimed to build a decision support model to assist professionals of specialized health services in identifying behavior patterns in the use of Family Health Strategy services by people living with HIV/AIDS attended in the outpatient clinic. Thus, was proposed a model called decision tree, created from a database of 141 people with AIDS, users of a specialized outpatient clinic. The decision-making variable was the use of Family Health Strategy services by evaluating the integration of care. The model enabled the establishment of 23 rules with 80.1% hit percentage, what may support the decision-making of professionals in identifying situations in which it is necessary to stimulate the use of the Family Health Strategy by users.

Risk management in providing specialized care for people living with AIDS

OBJECTIVE

Analyzing the provision of actions related to managing clinical risk in managing specialized care for people living with AIDS.

METHOD

A cross-sectional study carried out in a reference outpatient clinic in Paraíba, with a sample of 150 adults with AIDS. Data were collected through primary and secondary sources using a structured questionnaire, analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple correspondence analysis and logistic regression model to determine the association between "providing care" and "clinical risk."

RESULTS

Actions with satisfactory provision express a biological care focus; the dimensions that most contributed to a satisfactory assessment of care provision were "clinical and laboratory evaluations" and "prevention and self-care incentivization"; 45.3% of participants were categorized into high clinical risk, 34% into average clinical risk, and 20.7% into low clinical risk; a positive association between providing care and clinical risk was found.

CONCLUSION

The need to use risk classification technologies to direct the planning of local care provision became evident considering its requirements, and thus qualifying the care provided in these areas.

OBJETIVO

Analisar a oferta de ações relacionadas ao manejo de risco clínico na gestão do cuidado especializado a pessoas vivendo com aids.

MÉTODO

Estudo transversal realizado em ambulatório de referência na Paraíba, com amostra de 150 adultos com aids. Os dados foram coletados por meio de fontes primárias e secundárias utilizando-se de formulário estruturado, e analisados através de estatística descritiva, análise de correspondência múltipla e modelo de regressão logística para averiguar a associação entre "oferta" e "risco clínico".

RESULTADOS

As ações de oferta satisfatória expressam foco biologicista do cuidado; as dimensões que mais contribuíram para o julgamento satisfatório da oferta foram "avaliação clínica e laboratorial" e "prevenção e estímulo ao autocuidado"; 45,3% dos participantes foram categorizados em risco clínico alto, 34% em risco clínico médio, e 20,7% em risco clínico baixo; e verificou-se associação positiva entre oferta e risco clínico.

CONCLUSÃO

Ficou evidente a necessidade da utilização de tecnologias de classificação de risco para direcionar o planejamento da oferta local, considerando-se as necessidades, e assim qualificar o cuidado produzido nestes espaços.

PRIMARY CARE QUALITY FROM PROFESSIONALS’ PERSPECTIVE: HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH HIV

ABSTRACT Objective: evaluate, based on the professionals’ experience, the primary health care quality in home cities of children and adolescents with HIV, treated at a specialized service. Method: cross-sectional study involving 527 professionals in 25 interior cities in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the first semester of 2014. The Primary Care Assessment Tool was applied. Pearson’s chi-square Test, the Mann Whitney Test and the Poisson Regression were used. Results: the Estratégia Saúde da Família and the primary health care service presented a high score related to the essential attributes: longitudinality (7.17 and 6.74), coordination-integration of care (6.87 and 7.03) and coordination-information systems (8.24 and 8.19); and a low score for the attribute access (3.96 and 3.8). The variables: female gender (0.009), education as general practitioner (<0.001), statutory staff (0.029), coordinator position (0.087) and not having another job (0.027) were also associated with the high score. Conclusion: the coverage of the Estratégia Saúde da Família needs to be expanded and structural and organizational shortages in the access need to be overcome.