1
|
Li DG, Jiang JP, Chen FY, Wu W, Fu J, Wang GH, Li YB. Insulin-like growth factor 2 targets IGF1R signaling transduction to facilitate metastasis and imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3585-3599. [PMID: 39171181 PMCID: PMC11334037 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are typical gastrointestinal tract neoplasms. Imatinib is the first-line therapy for GIST patients. Drug resistance limits the long-term effectiveness of imatinib. The regulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) has been confirmed in various cancers and is related to resistance to chemotherapy and a worse prognosis. AIM To further investigate the mechanism of IGF2 specific to GISTs. METHODS IGF2 was screened and analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO: GSE225819) data. After IGF2 knockdown or overexpression by transfection, the phenotypes (proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis) of GIST cells were characterized by cell counting kit 8, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays. We used western blotting to evaluate pathway-associated and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins. We injected transfected cells into nude mice to establish a tumor xenograft model and observed the occurrence and metastasis of GIST. RESULTS Data from the GEO indicated that IGF2 expression is high in GISTs, associated with liver metastasis, and closely related to drug resistance. GIST cells with high expression of IGF2 had increased proliferation and migration, invasiveness and EMT. Knockdown of IGF2 significantly inhibited those activities. In addition, OE-IGF2 promoted GIST metastasis in vivo in nude mice. IGF2 activated IGF1R signaling in GIST cells, and IGF2/IGF1R-mediated glycolysis was required for GIST with liver metastasis. GIST cells with IGF2 knockdown were sensitive to imatinib treatment when IGF2 overexpression significantly raised imatinib resistance. Moreover, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (a glycolysis inhibitor) treatment reversed IGF2 overexpression-mediated imatinib resistance in GISTs. CONCLUSION IGF2 targeting of IGF1R signaling inhibited metastasis and decreased imatinib resistance by driving glycolysis in GISTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Gang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jia-Peng Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fan-Ye Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gong-He Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Bo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou S, Abdihamid O, Tan F, Zhou H, Liu H, Li Z, Xiao S, Li B. KIT mutations and expression: current knowledge and new insights for overcoming IM resistance in GIST. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:153. [PMID: 38414063 PMCID: PMC10898159 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common sarcoma located in gastrointestinal tract and derived from the interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC) lineage. Both ICC and GIST cells highly rely on KIT signal pathway. Clinically, about 80-90% of treatment-naive GIST patients harbor primary KIT mutations, and special KIT-targeted TKI, imatinib (IM) showing dramatic efficacy but resistance invariably occur, 90% of them was due to the second resistance mutations emerging within the KIT gene. Although there are multiple variants of KIT mutant which did not show complete uniform biologic characteristics, most of them have high KIT expression level. Notably, the high expression level of KIT gene is not correlated to its gene amplification. Recently, accumulating evidences strongly indicated that the gene coding, epigenetic regulation, and pre- or post- protein translation of KIT mutants in GIST were quite different from that of wild type (WT) KIT. In this review, we elucidate the biologic mechanism of KIT variants and update the underlying mechanism of the expression of KIT gene, which are exclusively regulated in GIST, providing a promising yet evidence-based therapeutic landscape and possible target for the conquer of IM resistance. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shishan Zhou
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, Xiangya road 87
| | - Omar Abdihamid
- Garissa Cancer Center, Garissa County Referral Hospital, Kismayu road, Garissa town, P.O BOX, 29-70100, Kenya
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Division of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, Hunan, Changsha
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Division of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heli Liu
- Division of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China, Hunan, Changsha
| | - Zhi Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine of Xiangya Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410008
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 410008, MA, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Division of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, Xiangya road 87#.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Su Z, Lu H, Wu Y, Li Z, Duan L. Predicting potential lncRNA biomarkers for lung cancer and neuroblastoma based on an ensemble of a deep neural network and LightGBM. Front Genet 2023; 14:1238095. [PMID: 37655066 PMCID: PMC10466784 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1238095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasms worldwide with approximately 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths each year. The expression levels of programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1) demonstrate a complex association with lung cancer. Neuroblastoma is a high-risk malignant tumor and is mainly involved in childhood patients. Identification of new biomarkers for these two diseases can significantly promote their diagnosis and therapy. However, in vivo experiments to discover potential biomarkers are costly and laborious. Consequently, artificial intelligence technologies, especially machine learning methods, provide a powerful avenue to find new biomarkers for various diseases. Methods: We developed a machine learning-based method named LDAenDL to detect potential long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) biomarkers for lung cancer and neuroblastoma using an ensemble of a deep neural network and LightGBM. LDAenDL first computes the Gaussian kernel similarity and functional similarity of lncRNAs and the Gaussian kernel similarity and semantic similarity of diseases to obtain their similar networks. Next, LDAenDL combines a graph convolutional network, graph attention network, and convolutional neural network to learn the biological features of the lncRNAs and diseases based on their similarity networks. Third, these features are concatenated and fed to an ensemble model composed of a deep neural network and LightGBM to find new lncRNA-disease associations (LDAs). Finally, the proposed LDAenDL method is applied to identify possible lncRNA biomarkers associated with lung cancer and neuroblastoma. Results: The experimental results show that LDAenDL computed the best AUCs of 0.8701, 107 0.8953, and 0.9110 under cross-validation on lncRNAs, diseases, and lncRNA-disease pairs on Dataset 1, respectively, and 0.9490, 0.9157, and 0.9708 on Dataset 2, respectively. Furthermore, AUPRs of 0.8903, 0.9061, and 0.9166 under three cross-validations were obtained on Dataset 1, and 0.9582, 0.9122, and 0.9743 on Dataset 2. The results demonstrate that LDAenDL significantly outperformed the other four classical LDA prediction methods (i.e., SDLDA, LDNFSGB, IPCAF, and LDASR). Case studies demonstrate that CCDC26 and IFNG-AS1 may be new biomarkers of lung cancer, SNHG3 may associate with PDL1 for lung cancer, and HOTAIR and BDNF-AS may be potential biomarkers of neuroblastoma. Conclusion: We hope that the proposed LDAenDL method can help the development of targeted therapies for these two diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Su
- Clinical Lab, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Huihui Lu
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, Hunan Province Directly Affiliated TCM Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Geneis (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zejun Li
- School of Computer Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Faculty of Pediatrics, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Camargo-Forero N, Orozco-Arias S, Perez Agudelo JM, Guyot R. HERV-K (HML-2) insertion polymorphisms in the 8q24.13 region and their potential etiological associations with acute myeloid leukemia. Arch Virol 2023; 168:125. [PMID: 36988711 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are LTR retrotransposons that are present in the human genome. Among them, members of the HERV-K (HML-2) group are suspected to play a role in the development of different types of cancer, including lung, ovarian, and prostate cancer, as well as leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an important disease that causes 1% of cancer deaths in the United States and has a survival rate of 28.7%. Here, we describe a method for assessing the statistical association between HERV-K (HML-2) transposable element insertion polymorphisms (or TIPs) and AML, using whole-genome sequencing and read mapping using TIP_finder software. Our results suggest that 101 polymorphisms involving HERV-K (HML-2) elements were correlated with AML, with a percentage between 44.4 to 56.6%, most of which (70) were located in the region from 8q24.13 to 8q24.21. Moreover, it was found that the TRIB1, LRATD2, POU5F1B, MYC, PCAT1, PVT1, and CCDC26 genes could be displaced or fragmented by TIPs. Furthermore, a general method was devised to facilitate analysis of the correlation between transposable element insertions and specific diseases. Finally, although the relationship between HERV-K (HML-2) TIPs and AML remains unclear, the data reported in this study indicate a statistical correlation, as supported by the χ2 test with p-values < 0.05.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Camargo-Forero
- School of Biology, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Simon Orozco-Arias
- Department of Computer Science, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
- Department of Systems and Informatics, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
| | | | - Romain Guyot
- UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Institut de recherche pour le développement, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
- Department of Electronics and Automation, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu X, Wang Z, Su P, Zhang Q, Kou Y. Advances in the research of the mechanism of secondary resistance to imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:933248. [PMID: 36147927 PMCID: PMC9485670 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.933248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. At present, surgery is the first-line treatment for primary resectable GISTs; however, the recurrence rate is high. Imatinib mesylate (IM) is an effective first-line drug used for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic recurrent GISTs. More than 80% of patients with GISTs show significantly improved 5-year survival after treatment; however, approximately 50% of patients develop drug resistance after 2 years of IM treatment. Therefore, an in-depth research is urgently needed to reveal the mechanisms of secondary resistance to IM in patients with GISTs and to develop new therapeutic targets and regimens to improve their long-term prognoses. In this review, research on the mechanisms of secondary resistance to IM conducted in the last 5 years is discussed and summarized from the aspects of abnormal energy metabolism, gene mutations, non-coding RNA, and key proteins. Studies have shown that different drug-resistance mechanism networks are closely linked and interconnected. However, the influence of these drug-resistance mechanisms has not been compared. The combined inhibition of drug-resistance mechanisms with IM therapy and the combined inhibition of multiple drug-resistance mechanisms are expected to become new therapeutic options in the treatment of GISTs. In addition, implementing individualized therapies based on the identification of resistance mechanisms will provide new adjuvant treatment options for patients with IM-resistant GISTs, thereby delaying the progression of GISTs. Previous studies provide theoretical support for solving the problems of drug-resistance mechanisms. However, most studies on drug-resistance mechanisms are still in the research stage. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of the inhibition of drug-resistance mechanisms as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchen Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Su
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Youwei Kou
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Youwei Kou,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Illarregi U, Telleria J, Bilbao‑Aldaiturriaga N, Lopez‑Lopez E, Ballesteros J, Martin‑Guerrero I, Gutierrez‑Camino A. lncRNA deregulation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A systematic review. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:59. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Unai Illarregi
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Jaione Telleria
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nerea Bilbao‑Aldaiturriaga
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Elixabet Lopez‑Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Javier Ballesteros
- Department of Neuroscience, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERSAM, Medical School, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Idoia Martin‑Guerrero
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Angela Gutierrez‑Camino
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, CHU Sainte‑Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li J, Guo S, Sun Z, Fu Y. Noncoding RNAs in Drug Resistance of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:808591. [PMID: 35174150 PMCID: PMC8841737 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.808591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor in the gastrointestinal tracts and a model for the targeted therapy of solid tumors because of the oncogenic driver mutations in KIT and PDGDRA genes, which could be effectively inhibited by the very first targeted agent, imatinib mesylate. Most of the GIST patients could benefit a lot from the targeted treatment of this receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, more than 50% of the patients developed resistance within 2 years after imatinib administration, limiting the long-term effect of imatinib. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the non-protein coding transcripts of human, were demonstrated to play pivotal roles in the resistance of various chemotherapy drugs. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of how ncRNAs functioning on the drug resistance in GIST. During the drug resistance of GIST, there were five regulating mechanisms where the functions of ncRNAs concentrated: oxidative phosphorylation, autophagy, apoptosis, drug target changes, and some signaling pathways. Also, these effects of ncRNAs in drug resistance were divided into two aspects. How ncRNAs regulate drug resistance in GIST was further summarized according to ncRNA types, different drugs and categories of resistance. Moreover, clinical applications of these ncRNAs in GIST chemotherapies concentrated on the prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiehan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuning Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Fu, ; Zhenqiang Sun,
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Fu, ; Zhenqiang Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang T, Li Z, Yan L, Yan F, Shen H, Tian X. Long Non-Coding RNA Neighbor of BRCA1 Gene 2: A Crucial Regulator in Cancer Biology. Front Oncol 2021; 11:783526. [PMID: 34926299 PMCID: PMC8674783 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.783526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in fundamental biochemical and cellular processes. The neighbor of BRCA1 gene 2 (NBR2) is a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) whose gene locus is adjacent to the tumor suppressor gene breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1). In human cancers, NBR2 expression is dysregulated and correlates with clinical outcomes. Moreover, NBR2 is crucial for glucose metabolism and affects the proliferation, survival, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance in different types of cancer. Here, we review the precise molecular mechanisms underlying NBR2-induced changes in cancer. In addition, the potential application of NBR2 in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer is also discussed, as well as the challenges of exploiting NBR2 for cancer intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaosheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liujia Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liguori G, Cerrone M, De Chiara A, Tafuto S, de Bellis MT, Botti G, Di Bonito M, Cantile M. The Role of lncRNAs in Rare Tumors with a Focus on HOX Transcript Antisense RNA ( HOTAIR). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810160. [PMID: 34576322 PMCID: PMC8466298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare cancers are identified as those with an annual incidence of fewer than 6 per 100,000 persons and includes both epithelial and stromal tumors from different anatomical areas. The advancement of analytical methods has produced an accurate molecular characterization of most human cancers, suggesting a “molecular classification” that has allowed the establishment of increasingly personalized therapeutic strategies. However, the limited availability of rare cancer samples has resulted in very few therapeutic options for these tumors, often leading to poor prognosis. Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs mostly involved in tumor progression and drug response. In particular, the lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) represents an emergent diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker in many human cancers. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of HOTAIR in rare cancers, proposing it as a new biomarker usable in the management of these tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Liguori
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Annarosaria De Chiara
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Salvatore Tafuto
- Sarcomas and Rare Tumors Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maura Tracey de Bellis
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.); (M.C.); (A.D.C.); (G.B.); (M.D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08159031755; Fax: +39-0815903718
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Integrated analysis of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs associated with malignant transformation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:669. [PMID: 34218261 PMCID: PMC8254811 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant transformation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is correlated with poor prognosis; however, the underlying biological mechanism is not well understood. In the present study, low-risk (LR) GISTs, GISTs categorized as high-risk based on tumor size (HBS), and on mitotic rate (HBM) were collected for RNA sequencing. Candidate hub lncRNAs were selected by Oncomine analysis. Expression of a selected hub lncRNA, DNM3OS, and its correlation with patients’ prognosis were analyzed using FISH staining, followed with the determination of function and underlying mechanism. Our results revealed a series of key pathways and hub lncRNAs involved in the malignant transformation of GISTs. Oncomine analysis revealed a tight association between clinical signatures and DNM3OS and suggested that DNM3OS is a hub lncRNA that is involved in the Hippo signaling pathway. In addition, DNM3OS was upregulated in HBS, HBM, and HBS/M GIST and correlated with worse prognosis in patients with GISTs. In addition, DNM3OS promoted GIST cell proliferation and mitosis by regulating the expression of GLUT4 and CD36. Collectively, these results improve our understanding of the malignant transformation of GISTs and unveil a series of hub lncRNAs in GISTs.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma X, Li Y, Song Y, Xu G. Long Noncoding RNA CCDC26 Promotes Thyroid Cancer Malignant Progression via miR-422a/EZH2/Sirt6 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3083-3094. [PMID: 34007185 PMCID: PMC8124016 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s282011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Long noncoding RNAs are crucial regulators in thyroid cancer progression. However, the role of lncRNA CCDC26 in thyroid cancer remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of CCDC26 on thyroid cancer progression and the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods A total of 50 clinical thyroid cancer samples were studied in patients' samples, cultured cells, and nude mice before and after treatment using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, CCK-8 assays, BrdU incorporation assays, Transwell assays, cell apoptosis analysis, luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, Western blot analysis, and tumorigenicity analysis. Results CCDC26 expression was elevated in patients' thyroid cancer tissues and thyroid cancer cell lines. CCDC26 depletion remarkably reduced proliferation, invasion, and migration but induced apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells. Mechanically, miR-422a mimic remarkably reduced the luciferase activity of CCDC26 transfected cells but failed to affect cells transfected with CCDC26 containing the mutated miR-422a-binding site. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays showed that CCDC26 and miR-422a preferentially interacted with Ago2, but not IgG, in the micro-ribonucleoprotein complexes (miRNPs). CCDC26 depletion enhanced miR-422a expression and MiR-422a inhibitor reversed CCDC26 knockdown-induced inhibition of thyroid cancer progression in vitro. CCDC26 upregulated EZH2 and Sirt6 expression by sponging miR-422a in thyroid cancer cells. Tumorigenicity analysis in nude mice revealed that CCDC26 contributed to thyroid tumor growth via miR-422a/EZH2/Sirt6 axis in vivo. Conclusion CCDC26 promotes thyroid cancer malignant progression via miR-422a/EZH2/Sirt6 axis. This finding provides new insights into the mechanism by which CCDC26 promotes malignant thyroid cancer development, advances our understanding of lncRNAs' association with thyroid cancer, and indicates that CCDC26 and miR-422a may serve as potential targets for thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Head and Neck, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntao Song
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Head and Neck, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Head and Neck, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen J, Luo X, Liu M, Peng L, Zhao Z, He C, He Y. Silencing long non-coding RNA NEAT1 attenuates rheumatoid arthritis via the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway by downregulating microRNA-129 and microRNA-204. RNA Biol 2021; 18:657-668. [PMID: 33258403 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1857941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The participation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRs) in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a key area of investigation. The current study aimed to investigate the action of lncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) proliferation and synovitis in RA. A rat model of RA was established. LncRNA NEAT1 expression in the synovial tissues of patients with RA and FLSs from the RA rat model was determined using RT-qPCR. Next, dual luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to investigate the relationship between miR-129/204 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK). A putative binding relationship between miR-204 and lncRNA NEAT1 was evaluated by RIP assay, and miR-129 promoter methylation was determined using MSP. After the expression of lncRNA NEAT1, miR-129 or miR-204 was altered in FLSs, the extent of ERK1/2 phosphorylation was assessed. In addition, FLS synovitis and proliferation were determined by ELISA and EdU assay, respectively. In RA rats, lncRNA NEAT1 was silenced and miR-129/miR-204 was overexpressed to explore their roles in vivo. LncRNA NEAT1 was upregulated, while miR-129 and miR-204 were downregulated in RA synovial tissues and FLSs. MAPK1 was target gene of both miR-129 and miR-204. LncRNA NEAT1 bound to miR-204 and promoted miR-129 promoter methylation. Silencing lncRNA NEAT1 or overexpressing miR-129/miR-204 enhanced miR-129/miR-204 expression, but reduced the extent of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, proliferation of FLSs, and synovitis in RA. Collectively, silencing lncRNA NEAT1 promoted miR-129 and miR-204 to inhibit the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway, reducing FLS synovitis in RA.Abbreviations: ACR: American College of Rheumatology; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FLS: fibroblast-like synoviocyte; GADPH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HRP: horseradish peroxidase; IFA: Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant; lncRNAs: long noncoding RNAs; MSP: Methylation-specific PCR; NC: negative control; NEAT1: nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1; OD: optical density; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; RIPA: Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay; RLU: relative light units; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction; UTR: untranslated region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zixia Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chengsong He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li C, Mu J, Shi Y, Xin H. LncRNA CCDC26 Interacts with CELF2 Protein to Enhance Myeloid Leukemia Cell Proliferation and Invasion via the circRNA_ANKIB1/miR-195-5p/PRR11 Axis. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:963689720986080. [PMID: 33439746 PMCID: PMC7809300 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720986080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNA CCDC26 is aberrantly expressed in myeloid leukemia (ML) and promotes myeloid leukemia progression, but the potential mechanism of CCDC26 in regulating ML progression is unclear. In this study, we observed that lncRNA CCDC26 was upregulated in both chronic and acute ML cell lines. LncRNA CCDC26 promoted the proliferation and invasion of K562 and HL-60 cells, which was determined by cell counting kit-8 test and Transwell invasion assay. Flow cytometry showed that lncRNA CCDC26 inhibited cell apoptosis. Bioinformatics and expression correlation analyses revealed that there was a potential interaction between CCDC26 and CUGBP Elav-like family member 2 (CELF2) protein, an RNA bind protein (RBP). Then the relationship between CCDC26 and the RBP CELF2 was identified by using RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RNA-IP) assays. Further analysis showed that overexpression of CCDC26 could noticeably upregulate circRNA_ANKIB1 expression via sponging CELF2. Subsequently, we found that overexpressed circRNA_ANKIB1 could significantly promote proline rich 11 (PRR11) protein expression by sponging miR-195a-5p. Moreover, PRR11 was also upregulated by CCDC26 and downregulated by CELF2. Mechanically, we uncovered that the miR-195a-5p inhibitor activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways through upregulating PRR11 protein expression. Furthermore, the inhibitors of AKT, p65-NF-κB, or Bcl-2 could inhibit the effect of the miR-195a-5p inhibitor on ML cell behaviors. In conclusion, lncRNA CCDC26 could upregulate PRR11 protein expression by sponging miR-195a-5p, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways to enhance ML cell proliferation and invasion and suppress cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Li
- Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, P. R. China,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Jianjun Mu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Yingpeng Shi
- Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Cardiovasology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, P. R. China,Hong Xin, Department of Cardiovasology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, No. 48 Fenghao West Road, Xi’an 710077, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vishwakarma S, Pandey R, Singh R, Gothalwal R, Kumar A. Expression of H19 long non-coding RNA is down-regulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
15
|
Li Y, An ZJ, Tan BB, Zhao Q, Fan LQ, Zhao XF. Research status and progress of drug resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:999-1003. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i20.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted drug therapy is another effective treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) in addition to surgical treatment, which has significantly improved the prognosis of GIST patients, but drug resistance in some patients is still a tough problem in clinical work. This article reviews the mechanism of primary and secondary drug resistance in first-line treatment of GIST patients and the progress of second-line and third-line treatment, and describes the current problems faced by drug-resistant GIST patients and the direction of future efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhao-Jie An
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bi-Bo Tan
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li-Qiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xue-Feng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Non-Coding RNAs, a Novel Paradigm for the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186975. [PMID: 32972022 PMCID: PMC7555847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal malignancies found in the gastrointestinal tract. At a molecular level, most GISTs are characterized by gain-of-function mutations in V-Kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KIT) and Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha (PDGFRA), leading to constitutive activated signaling through these receptor tyrosine kinases, which drive GIST pathogenesis. In addition to surgery, treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib forms the mainstay of GIST treatment, particularly in the advanced setting. Nevertheless, the majority of GISTs develop imatinib resistance. Biomarkers that indicate metastasis, drug resistance and disease progression early on could be of great clinical value. Likewise, novel treatment strategies that overcome resistance mechanisms are equally needed. Non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, can be employed as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarkers and have therapeutic potential. Here we review which non-coding RNAs are deregulated in GISTs, whether they can be linked to specific clinicopathological features and discuss how they can be used to improve the clinical management of GISTs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Stefanou IK, Gazouli M, Zografos GC, Toutouzas KG. Role of non-coding RNAs in pathogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J Meta-Anal 2020; 8:233-244. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i3.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are considered the model solid malignancies of targeted therapy after the discovery of imatinib effectiveness against their tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Non-coding RNAs are molecules with no protein coding capacity that play crucial role to several biological steps of normal cell proliferation and differentiation. When the expression of these molecules found to be altered it seems that they affect the process of carcinogenesis in multiple ways, such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review aims to provide an overview of the latest research papers and summarize the current evidence about the role of non-coding RNAs in pathogenesis of GISTs, including their potential clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis K Stefanou
- Department of Surgery, Hippocration Hospital Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Georgios C Zografos
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G Toutouzas
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang W, Xia J, Xie S, Zou R, Pan S, Wang ZW, Assaraf YG, Zhu X. Long non-coding RNAs as a determinant of cancer drug resistance: Towards the overcoming of chemoresistance via modulation of lncRNAs. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 50:100683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
19
|
Bai F, Zhang N, Fang W, He X, Zheng Y, Gu D. PCAT6 mediates cellular biological functions in gastrointestinal stromal tumor via upregulation of PRDX5 and activation of Wnt pathway. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:661-669. [PMID: 32339330 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a common mesenchymal tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. Prostate cancer associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and plays a pivotal role in tumor formation. Present study was designed to explore the function of PCAT6 in GIST. Ki67 staining, colony formation and trypan blue staining assays revealed that PCAT6 boosted GIST cell proliferation but inhibited cell apoptosis. Also, sphere formation assay and Western blot uncovered the promoting role of PCAT6 in GIST stemness. Then, we identified that PCAT6 could activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway. And the tumor facilitator role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was validated in the rescue assays. Next, miR-143-3p was identified as the downstream microRNA of PCAT6. Moreover, miR-143-3p itself served as a tumor suppressor in GIST. Subsequently, peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) was verified as the target of miR-143-3p. PCAT6 promoted GIST cell proliferation and stemness via sponging miR-143-3p to upregulate PRDX5. In a word, PCAT6 promoted GIST cell proliferation and stemness but inhibited cell apoptosis via competing endogenous RNA pattern and activation of Wnt pathway, which might contribute to GIST treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyun Bai
- Special Needs Second Word, Generory Hospital of NingXia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Health Nutrition, General Hospital of NingXia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangyi He
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Donghua Gu
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Huqiu District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|