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Sharif-Nia H, Sánchez-Teruel D, Sivarajan Froelicher E, Hejazi S, Hosseini L, Khoshnavay Fomani F, Moshtagh M, Mollaei F, Goudarzian AH, Babaei A. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: a systematic review psychometrics properties using the COSMIN. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2976-2991. [PMID: 38694299 PMCID: PMC11060289 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychometrical evaluation of persons of diverse contexts and different populations, including general or clinical. Objective This review study aimed to evaluate the psychometrics quality of resilience scales. Methods International and Iranian databases were searched with MESH terms, including "psychometric", "validity", "reliability", "Connor-Davidson resilience scale", "Resilience scale", for published articles up to 1 February 2023. For each of the selected studies, the risk of bias was evaluated using the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist. Then the COSMIN checklist was used to evaluate the entire text of the article for methodological quality. Results Considering the inclusion criteria, 80 documents were evaluated. According to the COSMIN's criteria for evaluating the risk of bias, the current study findings revealed the included studies' limitations in assessing the three versions of CD-RISC cross-cultural and content validity as well as their stability (e.g. conducting test re-test), whereas the majority of psychometric studies of CD-RISC-25, and CD-RISC-2 rated as very good or adequate in terms of structural validity. In terms of quality assessment of the included studies, the current study indicated that investigating the structural validity of the CD-RISC was mainly done based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis was absent. Conclusion The general result indicates the acceptability of the quality of the studies. However, concerns for measurement properties such as responsiveness and criterion validity as well as the standard error of measurement have been neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif-Nia
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - David Sánchez-Teruel
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California Sand Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sima Hejazi
- Bojnurd Faculty of Nursing, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Lida Hosseini
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mozhgan Moshtagh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Goudarzian
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | - Amir Babaei
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Londero I, da Rocha NS. Personality dimensions, resilience, and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year longitudinal study. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 245:104229. [PMID: 38493710 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light a significant surge in depression across diverse populations. While a considerable body of research has linked this upswing to lockdowns and restrictive measures, it is crucial to recognize that lockdowns alone cannot fully elucidate the observed increase in mental health disorders, given the vast array of individual psychological responses. OBJECTIVE This study aims to test e whether personality dimensions (Extroversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism) and resilience play a role in shielding individuals from developing depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, as observed in a sample of Brazilian adults. METHODS This research employed a one-year longitudinal naturalistic study involving the general population. It utilized a web-based questionnaire administered in three waves during the COVID-19 pandemic: April 2020, September 2020, and May 2021. The research protocol contains the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 - PHQ-9, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale - CD-RISC, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated - EPQR-A. RESULTS Our study encompassed 455 participants, of which 35.6 % met the criteria for depression in the first wave, and this figure decreased to 18.5 % in the second and third waves (p = 0.001). Resilience levels in the non-depressed group (consistently exhibited higher means across all three waves when compared to the depressed group (first wave: x¯= 27.98; second wave: x¯= 37.26; third wave: x¯= 36.67; p = 0.001). Furthermore, resilience exhibited an overall protective effect against depression in all waves (PR = 0.93, p = 0.000). Neuroticism and Psychoticism emerged as predictors of depression across all waves (PR = 1.346; p = 0.0001 and PR = 1.157; p = 0.030), while the Extroversion dimension showed no significant effect. CONCLUSION The decline in depression rates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic was influenced by levels of resilience, which acted as a protective factor against the development of depressive symptoms. Notably, Neuroticism and Psychoticism predicted the risk of developing depressive symptoms. Implications for practical intervention in future crisis scenarios suggest the need for public health policy programs featuring personalized interventions that prioritize enhancing resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Londero
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; I-QOL Innovations and Interventions for Quality-of-Life Research Group, Brazil
| | - Neusa Sica da Rocha
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; I-QOL Innovations and Interventions for Quality-of-Life Research Group, Brazil; Center of Clinical Research, Center of Experimental Research, and Psychiatric Service Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Oliveira NGN, Bolina AF, Haas VJ, Tavares DMDS. Exploring the effect of the structural model of active aging on the self-assessment of quality of life among older people: A cross-sectional and analytical study. SAO PAULO MED J 2024; 142:e2022609. [PMID: 38477732 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0609.r1.230523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although studies have examined the relationship between variables associated with active aging and quality of life (QoL), no studies have been identified to have investigated the effect of a structural model of active aging on QoL in a representative sample of older people in the community. OBJECTIVE To measure the domains and facets of QoL in older people and identify the effect of the structural model of active aging on the self-assessment of QoL. DESIGN AND SETTING This cross-sectional analytical study included 957 older people living in urban areas. Data were collected from households using validated instruments between March and June 2018. Descriptive, confirmatory factor, and structural equation modeling analyses were performed. RESULTS Most older people self-rated their QoL as good (58.7%), and the highest mean scores were for the social relationships domain (70.12 ± 15.4) and the death and dying facet (75.43 ± 26.7). In contrast, the lowest mean scores were for the physical domains (64.41 ± 17.1) and social participation (67.20 ± 16.2) facets. It was found that active aging explained 50% of the variation in self-assessed QoL and directly and positively affected this outcome (λ = 0.70; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Active aging had a direct and positive effect on the self-assessment of QoL, indicating that the more individuals actively aged, the better the self-assessment of QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira
- PhD. Nurse, specialist in older people health, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Vanderlei José Haas
- PhD. Physicist and Professor, Postgraduate Program in Health Care, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba (MG), Brazil
| | - Darlene Mara Dos Santos Tavares
- PhD. Nurse and Associate Professor, Department of Nursing Education and Community Health, Nursing Graduate Program, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba (MG), Brazil
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Teixeira LA, Vidal EIDO, Blake H, Barros GAMD, Fukushima FB. Evaluating the Interaction Between Pain Intensity and Resilience on the Impact of Pain in the Lives of People With Fibromyalgia. Clin J Pain 2024; 40:150-156. [PMID: 37994738 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent theoretical models posit that resilience acts as a resource/mechanism opposing pain catastrophizing and other vulnerability sources against pain adaptation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience, pain, and functionality in people living with fibromyalgia (FM). MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of people participating in Brazilian fibromyalgia virtual support groups on Facebook in May 2018. Resilience was evaluated by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Average pain and the degree of interference of pain in the lives of participants (DIPLP) were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory. The association between these 3 variables was evaluated through multivariable robust linear regression with adjustment for 21 potential confounders. RESULTS We included 2176 participants with FM. Resilience was associated with a decreased DIPLP (β: -0.38, 95% CI: -0.54 to -0.22, P <0.001) but not with average pain scores (β: -0.01, 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.16, P =0.93). A significant interaction between resilience and average levels of pain on the DIPLP was observed so that resilience showed a much stronger protective association among participants with average null-to-mild pain than among those with moderate and severe pain levels. DISCUSSION Our results provide evidence against beliefs that the pain of people with FM is related to low psychological resilience and shed light on the complex interrelationships between resilience, pain, and functionality. This research signals both the relevance and limits of resilience in the management of FM. Future studies evaluating behavioral interventions for FM should consider how those interventions interact with baseline pain levels and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Fernández-Fillol C, Hidalgo-Ruzzante N, Perez-Garcia M, Hyland P, Shevlin M, Karatzias T. The role of resilience in the relationship between intimate partner violence severity and ICD-11 CPTSD severity. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 15:2285671. [PMID: 38156874 PMCID: PMC10763906 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2285671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Resilience is a modulating factor in the development of PTSD and CPTSD after exposure to traumatic events. However, the relationship between resilience and ICD-11 CPTSD is not adequately understood in survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV).Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether resilience has a mediating role in the relationship between severity of violence and severity of CPTSD symptoms.Method: A sample of 202 women IPV survivors completed self-rated questionnaires to assess CPTSD, severity of violence and resilience.Results: Mediation analyses indicated that there was a direct relationship between the severity of violence and the severity of CPTSD symptoms (β = .113, p < .001) and that there was a significantly inverse relationship between levels of resilience and the severity of CPTSD symptoms (β = -.248, p < .001). At the same time, there was no significant relationship between the severity of violence and resilience (β = -.061, p = .254).Conclusions: These findings suggest that resilience does not mediate the relationship between violence severity and CPTSD severity. Directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fernández-Fillol
- Department of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, Burgos, Spain
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Natalia Hidalgo-Ruzzante
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Education, Campus de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Perez-Garcia
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | - Philip Hyland
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland
- Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Education House, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Mark Shevlin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Thanos Karatzias
- School of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
- NHS Lothian, Rivers Centre for Traumatic Stress, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
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Martinez S, Garcia-Romeu A, Perez F, Jones JD. Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 59:41-49. [PMID: 37752751 PMCID: PMC10829514 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2259450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a heterogeneous disorder. However, there is a lack of deep phenotyping investigations focusing on important psychological constructs such as resilience that may impact OUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait resilience and the five-factor model of personality (FFM) among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We also explored whether the FFM and trait resilience form specific phenotypes associated with psychological functioning. METHODS This secondary analysis of an epigenetic study included participants of African ancestry (n = 72), an understudied population, who met DSM-5 criteria for OUD. Participants completed measures to assess personality traits, trait resilience, current and previous drug use, and psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress). RESULTS Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between resilience (CD-RISC-25 score) and the FFM, R2 = 0.56, F(5,62) = 15.7, p<.001. Further, a two-cluster classification emerged as the optimal solution from the cluster analysis. Cluster 1 (n = 33, 45.8% of the sample) showed lower resilience (CD-RISC-25 score: M = 58.6, SD = 11.2) compared to Cluster 2 (n = 35, 48.6%; CD-RISC-25 score: M = 76.1, SD = 11.9). The "High-Resilience Cluster" (Cluster 2) was characterized by higher FFM traits of: Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and lower Neuroticism versus Cluster 1. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the two resilience clusters concerning other psychological symptoms, Λ = 0.732, F(4, 50) = 7.05, p < 0.003. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest associations between the FFM and trait resilience among individuals with OUD. Two distinct "resilience phenotypes" emerged, with high-resilience individuals displaying less stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results highlight the clinical importance of resilience as a potential target for intervention in people with OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suky Martinez
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Albert Garcia-Romeu
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Freymon Perez
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jermaine D. Jones
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Ammar A, Mabrouk R, Chelly S, Ezzi O, Ouni C, Mahjoub M, Njah M. Medical students' resilience level and its associated factors: A Tunisian study. LA TUNISIE MEDICALE 2023; 101:745-750. [PMID: 38465754 PMCID: PMC11261471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resilience is one's ability to adapt to internal and external stressors and cope with challenges encountered throughout life. AIM Our work aimed to determine resilience levels at the Medical University of Ibn El Jazzar-Sousse (Faculty of Medicine of Sousse) Tunisia and to identify the key factors influencing resilience in order to help students improve their college experience, as well as their future career and eventually their quality of life. METHODS It's a cross-sectional study conducted during October and November 2021 at the FMS including all undergraduate medical students using a questionnaire elaborated in French language and composed of 02 major parts Socio-demographic and general health data and The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data were collected using Google Forms platform via social networks (Facebook students' groups). RESULTS A total of 225 participants filled the questionnaire; the mean age was 21±5 years. Among them 75.1% were females (sex ratio=0.33). The total resilience mean score was 56.36±12.43. Comparison of resilience scores according to different covariates showed that resilience was positively associated with male gender, extracurricular activities, relationships with both colleagues and teachers and physical exercise, but negatively associated with imposed course of study and perception of both study difficulties and personal academic results. No correlation was found between resilience score and age. CONCLUSIONS This work encourages university administrators to devote more resources to promote resilience, and it emphasizes the importance of implementing new educational and entertaining interventions to improve students' ability to deal with academic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ammar
- Hospital Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisia
| | - Rihab Mabrouk
- Hospital Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisia
| | - Souhir Chelly
- Hospital Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisia
| | - Olfa Ezzi
- Hospital Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisia
| | | | - Mohamed Mahjoub
- Hospital Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisia
| | - Mansour Njah
- Hospital Hygiene Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisia
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Menezes HDGG, Bernardes A, Amestoy SC, Cunha ICKO, Cardoso MLAP, Balsanelli AP. Relationship between leadership coaching and nurses' resilience in hospital environments. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 56:e20220265. [PMID: 36716189 PMCID: PMC10116884 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0265en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between leadership coaching and nurses' resilience in hospital environments. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with nurses, nursing assistants and technicians. Nurses answered the Nurse Self-Perception Questionnaire in Leadership Exercise Questionnaire (QUAPEEL) and the Connor-Davidson Scale for Brazil-25 (CD-RISC-25BRASIL). Nursing technicians/assistants answered the Nursing Technician and Assistant Perception in Leadership Exercise Questionnaire (QUEPTAEEL). Student's t test and Pearson's correlation were used (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between nurses' self-perception and nursing technicians/assistants' hetero-perception in coaching leadership exercise for the total score (p = 0.002) and in the "Give and receive feedback" (p < 0.001), "Delegate power and exert influence" (p < 0.001) and "Support the team so that the organizational results are reached" (p = 0.020) domains. There was a statistically significant correlation between all the Nurse Self-Perception Questionnaire in Leadership Exercise Questionnaire Coaching and Resilience domains. CONCLUSION Resilience was positively related to nurses' self-perception of coaching leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa de Góes Gigueira Menezes
- Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea Bernardes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Alves CGB, Ribeiro ACP, Brandão TB, Tonaki JO, Pedroso CM, Rivera C, Epstein JB, Migliorati CA, Kowalski LP, Mak MP, Castro G, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR. Patient's perceptions of oral and oropharyngeal cancer diagnosis disclosure: communication aspects based on SPIKES protocol. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 135:518-529. [PMID: 36740563 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breaking bad medical news is a complex task of clinical practice. The manner in which this is done has a significant impact on patients. This study aimed to assess patient's perceptions regarding oral and oropharyngeal cancer diagnosis disclosure according to the "SPIKES" protocol. STUDY DESIGN This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire with 21 SPIKES-based items. The questionnaire was administered to 100 patients with recently diagnosed oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who evaluated each item according to their preference and experience. RESULTS Nineteen items showed a significant difference between patient's preference and recalled experience. Eighteen of these items showed lower experience scores primarily related to the amount of information desired by patients, presence of a companion, time to express feelings, and summary of information. Most patients preferred receiving as much information as possible about the diagnosis. However, only 35% reported that they had obtained sufficient information. Patients who were aware of cancer diagnostic suspicion had better communication experiences. CONCLUSIONS Protocols may be useful to guide health professionals to support patient-centered strategies to disclose oral cancer diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina G B Alves
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Prado Ribeiro
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Bianca Brandão
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana O Tonaki
- Psychology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caique Mariano Pedroso
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - César Rivera
- Oral Medicine and Pathology Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca (UTALCA), Talca, Maule Region, Chile
| | - Joel B Epstein
- Cedars-Sinai Health System, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Perez Mak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Castro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Januario EM, Valdivia LJ, Schmitt Júnior AA, de Almeida Claudino FC, Brenner AM, Sica da Rocha N. Protective factors against depressive symptoms among Brazilian healthcare workers during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056326. [PMID: 36113940 PMCID: PMC9485652 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms among healthcare workers and possible factors associated with this outcome (resilience, spirituality, social support, quality of life, among other individual variables). Our hypothesis is that some of these factors can have a protective effect on depressive symptoms. DESIGN Web-based cross-sectional survey. SETTING Participants were recruited online from 16 April to 23 April 2020. PARTICIPANTS 1043 healthcare workers, predominantly Brazilians, aged 18 years or older. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Depression was the primary outcome, measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Possible protective factors were measured in the following ways: social support was assessed by the modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (mMOS-SS); spirituality, religiousness and personal beliefs (SRPB) were evaluated using the 9-item SRPB module of the brief WHO Quality of Life instrument (WHOQoL-SRPB-bref); quality of life was assessed using the brief EUROHIS instrument for Quality of Life (EUROHIS-QoL 8-item); resilience was assessed using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10). RESULTS 23% met the criteria for depression according to the PHQ-9 scale. Quality of life (B=-3.87 (-4.30 to -3.43), β=-0.37, p<0.001), social support (B=-0.32 (-0.59 to -0.05), β=-0.04, p=0.022), resilience (B=-0.19 (-0.23 to -0.15), β=-0.20, p<0.001), SRPB (B=-0.03 (-0.05 to -0.02), β=-0.01, p<0.001) and physical exercise (B=-0.95 (-1.40 to -0.51), β=-0.08, p<0.001) demonstrated protective effects against depression. CONCLUSION Healthcare workers have a high risk of developing depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially those working in the front line. However, there are factors that seem to work as protective mechanisms against depression, notably perceived quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Marques Januario
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Psychiatry Department of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- I-QOL Innovations and interventions for Quality of Life Research Group, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Jobim Valdivia
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Psychiatry Department of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- I-QOL Innovations and interventions for Quality of Life Research Group, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Antonio Augusto Schmitt Júnior
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Psychiatry Department of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- I-QOL Innovations and interventions for Quality of Life Research Group, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cesar de Almeida Claudino
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Psychiatry Department of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- I-QOL Innovations and interventions for Quality of Life Research Group, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Mädke Brenner
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Psychiatry Department of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- I-QOL Innovations and interventions for Quality of Life Research Group, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Neusa Sica da Rocha
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Psychiatry Department of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- I-QOL Innovations and interventions for Quality of Life Research Group, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Menezes HDGG, Bernardes A, Amestoy SC, Cunha ICKO, Cardoso MLAP, Balsanelli AP. Relação entre liderança coaching e resiliência dos enfermeiros no ambiente hospitalar. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0265pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre liderança coaching e resiliência dos enfermeiros no ambiente hospitalar. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado com enfermeiros, auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem. Os enfermeiros responderam ao Questionário de Autopercepção do Enfermeiro no Exercício da Liderança (QUAPEEL) e à Escala de Connor-Davidson para o Brasil-25 (CD-RISC-25BRASIL). Os técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem responderam ao Questionário de Percepção do Técnico e Auxiliar de Enfermagem no Exercício da Liderança (QUEPTAEEL). Os Testes t de Student e Correlação de Pearson foram utilizados (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre autopercepção dos enfermeiros e heteropercepção dos técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem no exercício da liderança coaching para pontuação total (p = 0,002) e nos seus domínios “Dar e receber feedback” (p < 0,001), “Dar poder e exercer influência” (p < 0,001) e “Apoiar a equipe para o alcance dos resultados” (p = 0,020). Houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre todos os domínios do Questionário de Autopercepção do Enfermeiro no Exercício da Liderança Coaching e Resiliência. Conclusão: A resiliência se relacionou positivamente com a autopercepção de liderança coaching dos enfermeiros.
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Camara GF, de Santiago Campos IF, Carneiro AG, de Sena Silva IN, de Barros Silva PG, Peixoto RAC, Augusto KL, Peixoto AA. Relationship between Resilience and the Impostor Phenomenon among Undergraduate Medical Students. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2022; 9:23821205221096105. [PMID: 35592134 PMCID: PMC9112321 DOI: 10.1177/23821205221096105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2003] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impostor Phenomenon (IP) is the inability to internalize success and a tendency to attribute success to external causes. Social and institutional support are strategies to avoid the problem, but only partially successful. Resilience has been considered protective against mental health disorders in medical students. This study aims to investigate the association between IP and resilience in undergraduate medical students. METHODS Using Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and a socio-demographic questionnaire, we conducted a cross-sectional, quantitative study with undergraduate medical students. RESULTS The study included 425 pre-clerkship medical students of average age of 23.03 years. The prevalence of IP was 47.76% (CIPS ≥ 62 score, as recommended in prior literature.) and there were no differences among age, gender, current semester, religion. The majority student's CD-RISC score was 68.57 ± 14.66 and there was no statistical difference in resilience scale among age, gender, religion and training semester. "Other religions" group was associated with a higher resilience score when compared to "Catholic" or "Non-religious" students. We found an inverse correlation between the level of resilience by CD-RISC and the level of symptoms related to IP by CIPS (ρ = -0.409; p-value < .001). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study suggest that higher levels of resilience are likely protective against IP among undergraduate medical students. Furthermore, the non-inclusion of medical internship students and the cross-sectional design of this study are restraining aspects noticed within the project, suggesting the need for further studies to adjust those limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Raquel Autran Coelho Peixoto
- Christus University Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Women’s, Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Kristopherson Lustosa Augusto
- Christus University Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal
University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Aires Peixoto
- Christus University Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal
University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Ferreira MA, Belchior ADB, Alencar CSD, Almeida PCD, Nascimento FG, Oliveira SKPD. Resiliência de pessoas com diabetes mellitus durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210202.pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a resiliência de pessoas com diabetes mellitus durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com 235 pessoas com diabetes por meio de um formulário compartilhado em mídias sociais com dados sociodemográficos e clínicos e a escala de resiliência de Connor-Davidson validada para o contexto brasileiro. Os escores da escala foram comparadas com dados sociodemográficos e clínicos pelos testes t de Student, análise de variância e Mann-Whitney. Resultados: A pontuação média da escala de resiliência foi 63,58+14,5. Os maiores escores de resiliência foram evidenciados em homens, pessoas com maior renda, maior escolaridade, usuários de antidiabéticos orais, que tinham alimentação saudável e que realizavam atividade física e acompanhamento com a equipe de saúde. Conclusão: A média da resiliência foi inferior ao escore evidenciado na literatura e os grupos com escores mais altos tinham melhores comportamentos de saúde.
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Ferreira MA, Belchior ADB, Alencar CSD, Almeida PCD, Nascimento FG, Oliveira SKPD. Resilience of people with diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022; 43:e20210202. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210202.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the resilience of people with diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with 235 people with diabetes using a form shared on social media with sociodemographic and clinical data and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale validated for the Brazilian context. Scale scores were compared with sociodemographic and clinical data using Student’s t-test, analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney. Results: The mean score on the resilience scale was 63.58+14.5. The highest resilience scores were evidenced in men, people with higher income, higher education, users of oral antidiabetics, who had healthy diet and who performed physical activity and follow-up with the health team. Conclusion: Mean resilience was lower than the score shown in the literature and groups with higher scores had better health behaviors.
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Lucena JGSD, Azevedo TFD, Matias LDM, Nunes WDB, Costa MML, Andrade LLD. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RESILIENCE IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES DURING THE SOCIAL DISTANCING PERIOD IMPOSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2021-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the association of socioeconomic and clinical data and behavioral habits with the resilience level in people with Diabetes Mellitus during social distancing in the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus disease. Method: a cross-sectional, analytical and exploratory study. The population consisted of users monitored in the Family Health Strategy, diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus, in the municipality of Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil. The sample consisted of 300 participants. The data were collected between November 2020 and February 2021 and operationalized through two forms: one containing socioeconomic and clinical aspects, as well as behavioral habits; and another that was part of the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale for Brazil, consisting of 25 items divided into four factors, namely: tenacity, adaptability, tolerance, dependence on external support, and intuition. In the bivariate analysis, the Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were performed, and the prevalence ratio was calculated, along with the respective 95% confidence intervals. Finally, Poisson Regression with robust variance was applied. Results: the prevalence of having high resilience levels was 43% higher in people under 60 years old, 39% higher in Evangelicals, 36% higher in people who consumed alcoholic beverages and 29% higher in people who practiced some physical activity. Conclusion: an association was evidenced between socioeconomic/clinical data and behavioral habits and a high resilience level; such findings lead to the elaboration of inclusive actions during the pandemic, especially considering the emotional and social aspects, in order to suggest the creation of care strategies aimed at mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Waleska de Brito Nunes
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
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Li S. WITHDRAWN: Mental resilience analysis and health risk prediction of college students assisted by mental health education. Work 2021:WOR205362. [PMID: 34308880 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.
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Rodrigues FR, Tavares DMDS. Resilience in elderly people: factors associated with sociodemographic and health conditions. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20200171. [PMID: 34133646 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to describe the sociodemographic and health characteristics of elderly people, measure the score of total resilience and by sex and verify the association of sociodemographic and health variables with total resilience and by sex. METHODS this is a household survey with 808 elderly people, assessed by validated instruments. Student's t test and multiple linear regression (p<0.05). RESULTS most were female, 60|-|79 years old. The total resilience score was 78.06, for men 81.53 and for women, 76.32. Total resilience was associated with males; positive self-perceived health; greater participation in Advanced Activities of Daily Living; fewer morbidities; absence of depressive symptoms. Among men and women, resilience was associated with greater participation in Advanced Activities of Daily Living and absence of depressive symptoms and, specifically, among women, positive self-perceived health. CONCLUSION these results contribute to nursing care, aiming to encourage resilience.
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Martinez S, Jones JD, Brandt L, Hien D, Campbell AN, Batchelder S, Comer SD. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) in individuals with opioid use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108632. [PMID: 33621807 PMCID: PMC8026692 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Resilience is defined as the capacity for an individual to maintain normal functioning and resist the development of psychiatric disorders in response to stress and trauma. Although previous investigators have acknowledged the important role of resilience in those with substance use disorders, this is the first study to investigate the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25) in a sample of individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Additionally, we explored the relationship between trait resilience and the severity of drug-related problems. METHODS Four hundred and three participants (22 % female) with OUD completed the CD-RISC-25, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the self-report Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the originally proposed 5-factor solution of the CD-RISC-25. RESULTS CFA results indicated that a 5-factor model of the CD-RISC-25 performed somewhat better than the 1-factor solution. Pearson correlation revealed a negative association between CD-RISC-25 (M = 75.82, SD = 15.78) and ASI drug-use composite score (M = .25, SD=-0.16), r=-0.148, p<.01, and between CD-RISC-25 and BDI-II (M = 11.33, SD = 10.58), r=-.237, p<.001. CONCLUSIONS Albeit providing only limited support for the original 5-factor structure, our results indicate that the scale may be useful for screening individuals with OUD who have a vulnerability to stress. Consistent with prior studies, higher resilience was associated with lower depression symptoms and addiction severity, further demonstrating the CD-RISC-25 ability to predict psychiatric stability. To inform the development of more targeted interventions, future studies should examine resilience longitudinally, in addition to exploring more comprehensive approaches to measuring resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suky Martinez
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Jermaine D. Jones
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Laura Brandt
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Denise Hien
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA,Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Smithers Hall, 607 Allison Road, Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Aimee N.C. Campbell
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sarai Batchelder
- Private Practice, 200 W 57th street, suite 1400 New York, NY 10019
| | - Sandra D. Comer
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Levey EJ, Rondon MB, Sanchez S, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the 10-item Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) among adolescent mothers in Peru. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2021; 14:29-40. [PMID: 33708280 PMCID: PMC7900368 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-019-00295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research is to assess the psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in order to contribute to the literature identifying validated resilience measures in low-resource settings where individuals face significant adversity. This cross-sectional study included 789 adolescent mothers who delivered at a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru. The Spanish version of the 10-item CD-RISC was used to measure resilience. Internal consistency and construct validity were assessed by evaluating individual item characteristics as well as the association of CD-RISC score with symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to test the factorial structure of the CD-RISC. The CD-RISC was found to have good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.85). CD-RISC scores were positively associated with school attendance, financial hardship, and history of childhood abuse; scores were negatively associated with household dysfunction, depression, anxiety and poor sleep quality. The results of the EFA showed that the CD-RISC contained a two-factor solution, which accounted for 46% of the variance. Overall, these findings suggest that the Spanish-language version of the CD-RISC-10 is an adequate measure of resilience in this population. Further research is needed to incorporate culturally-specific constructs into resilience measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Levey
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60608 USA
| | | | - Sixto Sanchez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Bizu Gelaye
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Montoya-Williams D, Passarella M, Lorch SA. Retrospective development of a novel resilience indicator using existing cohort data: The adolescent to adult health resilience instrument. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243564. [PMID: 33301500 PMCID: PMC7728188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cohort studies represent rich sources of data that can be used to link components of resilience to a variety of health-related outcomes. The Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) cohort study represents one of the largest data sets of the health and social context of adolescents transitioning into adulthood. It did not however use validated resilience scales in its data collection process. This study aimed to retrospectively create and validate a resilience indicator using existing data from the cohort to better understand the resilience of its participants. Methods Questions asked of participants during one Add Health data collection time period (N = 15,701) were matched to items on a well-known and widely validated resilience scale called the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Factor analysis and psychometric analyses were used to refine and validate this novel Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument. Construct validity utilized participants’ answers to the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, which has been used to validate other resilience scales. Results Factor analysis yielded an instrument with 13 items that showed appropriate internal consistency statistics. Resilience scores in our study were normally distributed with no ceiling or floor effects. Our instrument had appropriate construct validity, negatively correlating to answers on the depression scale (r = -0.64, p<0.001). We also found demographic differences in mean resilience scores: lower resilience scores were seen among women and those who reported lower levels of education and household income. Conclusions It is possible to retrospectively construct a resilience indicator from existing cohort data and achieve good psychometric properties. The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument can be used to better understand the relationship between resilience, social determinants of health and health outcomes among young adults using existing data, much of which is publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Montoya-Williams
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Molly Passarella
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Scott A Lorch
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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Oliveira NGN, Tavares DMDS. Active ageing among elderly community members: structural equation modeling analysis. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73:e20200110. [PMID: 33111807 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to propose a structural model of active ageing among elderly community members based on the World Health Organization's theoretical framework and to identify the most relevant determinants of active ageing to the proposed model. METHODS a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with 957 elderly community members. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. RESULTS the final measurement model was composed of the six determinants of active ageing: behavioral (R²=0.66); personal (R²=0.74); physical environment (R²=0.70); social (R²=0.77); economic (R²=0.44); and social and health services (R²=0.95). The last one showed good quality of adjustment: χ2/gl=3.50; GFI=0.94; CFI=0.92; TLI=0.90; RMSEA=0.05. By analyzing the trajectories between determinants and active ageing, the most representative was social and health services active ageing (λ=0.97; p<0.001). CONCLUSION satisfaction with access to health services and positive self-assessment of health status were the factors that most contributed to active ageing in this population.
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Boell JEW, Silva DMGVD, Guanilo MEE, Hegadoren K, Meirelles BHS, Suplici SR. RESILIENCE AND SELF-CARE IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES MELLITUS. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2018-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the association between resilience and self-care in people with diabetes mellitus treated in Primary Health Care. Method: Cross-sectional study, sample consisting of 362 people, aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with diabetes for at least one year. Descriptive analyzes and comparison of means were performed, assuming statistical significance with a value of p <0.05. The Resilience Scale and Questionnaire on Diabetes Self-Care Activities were applied, containing six dimensions: general food, specific food, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, medication use, plus three items on smoking. Data collection took place between December and May 2016, in ten Health Centers in a city in the south of the country. Results: among the 15 self-care activities, four showed a statistically significant association when compared to the average resilience, highlighting: healthy eating and professional guidance, desirable sweet consumption, blood sugar assessment as recommended. Conclusion: the results obtained highlight the relationship between high averages of resilience and adequate performance in the care of diabetes mellitus.
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Seidl EMF, Remor E. Adesão ao Tratamento, Resiliência e Percepção de Doença em Pessoas com HIV,. PSICOLOGIA: TEORIA E PESQUISA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/0102.3772e36nspe6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar variáveis preditoras da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral entre aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e psicológicos (resiliência e percepção de doença) em pessoas com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Participaram 155 pacientes, sendo 72,9% homens. Roteiros de entrevista sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos e instrumentos validados para a população brasileira foram aplicados. Três variáveis foram preditoras da adesão: resiliência, percepção de doença como preditor negativo, e idade, totalizando 29% de variância explicada. O estudo tem implicações para a prática de psicólogos e de equipes de saúde que atuam na área, com base na implementação de intervenções visando à adesão e ao autocuidado, bem como à adaptação e à resiliência em pessoas que vivem com HIV.
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Gonçalves L, Barbisan GK, Rebouças CDAV, da Rocha NS. Longitudinal Investigation of Psychotherapy Outcomes (LIPO): Description of the Study Protocol. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:212. [PMID: 31024364 PMCID: PMC6463494 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite extensive research in the field of psychotherapies, few studies have compared the primary psychotherapies of naturalistic design, which represents real-life situations. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate three modalities of evidence-based psychotherapy for clinical, psychosocial, and biological outcomes and to identify the mediators and confounders of this process. Our primary hypothesis is that all psychotherapies will improve clinical and psychosocial outcomes and will increase BDNF levels. Methods: Design: longitudinal, naturalistic. Participants: One hundred twenty-six patients who underwent one of three evidence-based modalities of individual psychotherapy [psychodynamic psychotherapy (PDT), interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy (CBT)] were included. Measure: Primary outcomes are divided into three domains of variables: clinical (general psychiatric symptoms), biological (serum BDNF levels), and psychosocial (resilience, quality of life, coping strategies, social support, and quality of life-adjusted years of life). Confounding/mediator variables included clinical (personality traits, type of psychotherapy, number of sessions, concomitant use of pharmacological treatment, history of previous psychotherapeutic treatment, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, and psychiatric diagnosis), psychosocial (psychosocial stressors, therapeutic alliance, and defense mechanism style), and other (religiosity) factors. Procedure: The follow-up period will be baseline and 6 months and 1 year after entering the study. The study will include 42 controls for biological variables only. Sample size calculation considered a significance level of 5% and a power of 80% to detect a difference of 0.22 with a standard deviation of 0.43, assuming losses of 20-30% of patients. The comparison between the modalities of psychotherapy will be by generalized estimating equations (GEE) model, the analysis of mediators by the Hayes method, and confounders by multivariate logistic regression. Discussion: The findings of this study are intended to demonstrate the outcomes of evidence-based psychotherapies for clinical, psychosocial, and biological parameters and to understand the mediators and confounders of this process in a real-life setting for patients with severe mental illness, thus contributing to the establishment of evidence-based public health policies in the field of psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Gonçalves
- Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Trombka M, Demarzo M, Bacas DC, Antonio SB, Cicuto K, Salvo V, Claudino FCA, Ribeiro L, Christopher M, Garcia-Campayo J, Rocha NS. Study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial of mindfulness training to reduce burnout and promote quality of life in police officers: the POLICE study. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:151. [PMID: 29801444 PMCID: PMC5970505 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Police officers experience a high degree of chronic stress. Policing ranks among the highest professions in terms of disease and accident rates. Mental health is particularly impacted, evidenced by elevated rates of burnout, anxiety and depression, and poorer quality of life than the general public. Mindfulness training has been shown to reduce stress, anxiety, burnout and promote quality of life in a variety of settings, although its efficacy in this context has yet to be systematically evaluated. Therefore, this trial will investigate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention versus a waitlist control in improving quality of life and reducing negative mental health symptoms in police officers. METHODS This multicenter randomized controlled trial has three assessment points: baseline, post-intervention, and six-month follow-up. Active police officers (n = 160) will be randomized to Mindfulness-Based Health Promotion (MBHP) or waitlist control group at two Brazilian major cities: Porto Alegre and São Paulo. The primary outcomes are burnout symptoms and quality of life. Consistent with the MBHP conceptual model, assessed secondary outcomes include perceived stress, anxiety and depression symptoms, and the potential mechanisms of resilience, mindfulness, decentering, self-compassion, spirituality, and religiosity. DISCUSSION Findings from this study will inform and guide future research, practice, and policy regarding police offer health and quality of life in Brazil and globally. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03114605 . Retrospectively registered on March 21, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Trombka
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, 2350, Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Demarzo
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 545, Padre José Maria Avenue, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sonia Beira Antonio
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 545, Padre José Maria Avenue, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen Cicuto
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 545, Padre José Maria Avenue, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Salvo
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 545, Padre José Maria Avenue, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Ribeiro
- Pacific University, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, Oregon USA
| | | | | | - Neusa Sica Rocha
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, 2350, Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Sharma S, Pathak A, Abbott JH, Jensen MP. Measurement properties of the Nepali version of the Connor Davidson resilience scales in individuals with chronic pain. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16:56. [PMID: 29615048 PMCID: PMC5883357 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-018-0884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience is an individual's ability to recover or "bounce back" from stressful events. It is commonly identified as a protective factor against psychological dysfunctions in wide range of clinical conditions including chronic pain. Resilience is commonly assessed using the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the CD-RISC into Nepali will allow for a deeper understanding of resilience as an important domain in health in Nepal, and will allow for cross-cultural comparison with other cultures. Therefore, the aims of the study were to translate and culturally adapt 10- and 2-item versions of the CD-RISC into Nepali and evaluate their psychometric properties. METHODS After translating the measures, we performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the 10-item version in two independent samples (ns = 131 and 134) of individuals with chronic pain. We then evaluated the internal consistency, test-retest stability, and construct validity of the 10- and 2-item measures in these samples. We also evaluated the internal consistency, and the construct and concurrent validity of the 2-item version in an additional sample of 140 individuals. RESULTS The results supported a single factor model for the 10-item measure; this measure also evidenced good to excellent internal consistency and excellent test-retest stability. Construct validity was supported via moderate associations with pain catastrophizing. The internal consistency of 2-item version was marginal, although construct validity was supported via weak to moderate associations with measures of pain catastrophizing, depression and anxiety, and concurrent validity was supported by strong association with the 10-item CD-RISC scale. CONCLUSION The findings support the reliability and validity of the 10-item Nepali version of the CD-RISC, and use of the 2-item version in survey studies in individuals with chronic pain. The availability of these translated measures will allow for cross-cultural comparisons of resilience in samples of individuals with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurab Sharma
- Department of Physiotherapy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box No.: 11008, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Outcomes Research, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Anupa Pathak
- Department of Physiotherapy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box No.: 11008, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - J Haxby Abbott
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Outcomes Research, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mark P Jensen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Guihard G, Deumier L, Alliot-Licht B, Bouton-Kelly L, Michaut C, Quilliot F. Psychometric validation of the French version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Encephale 2018; 44:40-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Solano JPC, da Silva AG, Soares IA, Ashmawi HA, Vieira JE. Resilience and hope during advanced disease: a pilot study with metastatic colorectal cancer patients. BMC Palliat Care 2016; 15:70. [PMID: 27484092 PMCID: PMC4971726 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-016-0139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The balance between hope-hopelessness plays an important role in the way terminally ill patients report quality of life, and personal resilience may be related to hope at the end of life. The objective of this study was to explore associations between personal resilience, hope, and other possible predictors of hope in advanced cancer patients. Methods A cross-sectional pilot study was carried out with metastatic colorectal cancer patients in a tertiary hospital. The patients answered the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Herth Hope Index, Barthel Index, an instrument addressing family and social support, visual-numeric scales for pain and suffering, a two-item screening for depression, socio-demographic and socio-economic information about the family. Results Forty-four patients were interviewed (mean age 56 years; range 29-86). A strong correlation was noted between resilience and hope (0.63; p < 0.05). No correlation was found between hope and independence for activities of daily living, support from family and community, and pain and suffering levels. Of the 44 patients, 20 presented with depressive symptoms. These depressive patients had lower resilience (p = 0.005) and hope (p = 0.003), and higher scores of suffering (p < 0.001). The association between resilience and hope kept stable after adjusting for age, gender, and presence of depression (p < 0.001). Conclusion Given that resilience is a dynamic, changeable path that can improve hope, resilience-fostering interventions should be most valued in palliative care settings and should be commenced as soon as possible with cancer patients. Patients with advanced stages of non-malignant conditions would also probably benefit from such interventions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12904-016-0139-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Paulo Consentino Solano
- Hospital das Clínicas of Universidade de São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 (INCOR), 2° andar, bloco I, Zipcode: 05403-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Hazem Adel Ashmawi
- Hospital das Clínicas of Universidade de São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 (INCOR), 2° andar, bloco I, Zipcode: 05403-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Edson Vieira
- Department of Anesthesiology, Universidade de São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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