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Beijora SS, Vaz TAC, Santo DE, de Almeida EA, Junior OV, Parolin M, da Silva Gonzalez R, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Prospecting toxicity of the avobenzone sunscreen in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:44308-44317. [PMID: 38951395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Avobenzone (AVO) is a sunscreen with high global production and is constantly released into the environment. Incorporating sewage biosolids for fertilization purposes, the leaching from cultivated soils, and the use of wastewater for irrigation explain its presence in the soil. There is a lack of information about the impact of this sunscreen on plants. In the present study, the ecotoxicity of AVO was tested at concentrations 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 ng/L. All concentrations caused a reduction in root growth of Allium cepa, Cucumis sativus, and Lycopersicum esculentum seeds, as well as a mitodepressive effect, changes in the mitotic spindle and a reduction in root growth of A. cepa bulbs. The cell cycle was disturbed because AVO disarmed the enzymatic defense system of root meristems, leading to an accumulation of hydroxyl radicals and superoxides, besides lipid peroxidation in cells. Therefore, AVO shows a high potential to cause damage to plants and can negatively affect agricultural production and the growth of non-cultivated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Splendor Beijora
- Chemical Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Espirito Santo
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo Valarini Junior
- Academic Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mauro Parolin
- Graduate Program in Geography, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Graduate Program in Food Technology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Graduate Program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Technological Innovations, Federal Technological University of Paraná Via Rosalina Maria Dos Santos, 1233, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Zip Code 87.301-899, Brazil.
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da Cunha Barros DG, Dos Santos Gonçalves do Nascimento GC, Okon C, Rocha MB, Santo DE, de Lima Feitoza L, Junior OV, da Silva Gonzalez R, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Benzophenone-3 sunscreen causes phytotoxicity and cytogenotoxicity in higher plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:112788-112798. [PMID: 37840079 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The benzophenone-3 (BP-3) sunscreen is recurrently released into the environment from different sources, however, evaluations of its adverse effects on plants do not exist in the literature. In this study, BP-3 was evaluated, at concentrations 2; 20, and 200 µg/L, regarding phytotoxicity, based on germination and root elongation in seeds, in Lactuca sativa L., Cucumis sativus L. and Allium cepa L., and phytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity and oxidative stress in A. cepa bulb roots. The BP-3 concentrations, except for the 200 µg/L concentration in L. sativa, caused no significant reduction in seed germination. All concentrations tested significantly reduced the elongation of roots from seeds and roots from bulbs. The 20 and 200 µg/L concentrations caused oxidation in cells, disturbances in the cell cycle, and alterations in prophase and metaphase, as well as the induction of micronuclei, in A. cepa root meristems. Furthermore, the three concentrations induced a high number of prophases in root tips. Such disorders were caused by excess H2O2 and superoxide produced in cells due to exposure to BP-3, which triggered significant phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in root meristems. Thus, the recurrent contamination of agricultural and non-agricultural soils with BP-3, even at a concentration of 2 µg/L, represents an environmental risk for plants. These results point to the impending need to set limits for the disposal of this sunscreen into the environment since BP-3 has been used in industry for several decades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caio Okon
- Chemical Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mylena Bathke Rocha
- Chemical Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Diego Espirito Santo
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo Valarini Junior
- Academic Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Academic Department of Chemistry, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Graduate Program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Technological Innovations, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Via Rosalina Maria Dos Santos, 1233. Campo Mourão, Curitiba, Paraná, Zip Code 87.301-899, Brazil.
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Dos Santos Gonçalves Nascimento GC, Dusman E, da Silva Gonzalez R, Nicola JV, de Souza Moura MA, de Oliveira KM, Oliveira AKG, Bressani PA, Santo DE, Filipi ÁCK, Gomes EMV, Pokrywiecki JC, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Toxicity of methylparaben and its chlorinated derivatives to Allium cepa L. and Eisenia fetida Sav. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57850-57861. [PMID: 36971943 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Methylparaben, chloro-methylparaben, and dichloro-methylparaben were evaluated in Allium cepa at 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg/L and in Eisenia fetida at 10 and 100 μg/L. In A. cepa roots, 100 μg/L methylparaben and 50 and 100 μg/L chlorinated methylparabens reduced cell proliferation, caused cellular changes, and reduced cell viability in meristems, which caused a reduction in root growth. Furthermore, they caused drastic inhibition of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase; activated guaiacol peroxidase and promoted lipid peroxidation in meristematic root cells. In earthworms, after 14 days exposure to the three compounds, there were no deaths, and catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were not inhibited. However, guaiacol peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation were observed in animals exposed to dichloro-methylparaben. Soils with dichloro-methylparaben also caused the escape of earthworms. It is inferred that the recurrent contamination of soils with these methylparabens, with emphasis on chlorinated derivatives, can negatively impact different species that depend directly or indirectly on soil to survive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisângela Dusman
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Academic Department of Chemistry, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Victor Nicola
- Environmental Engineering Program, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Karine Mares de Oliveira
- Environmental Engineering Program, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Aline Bressani
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Diego Espirito Santo
- Environmental Engineering Program, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ádila Cristina Krukoski Filipi
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Engineering (DAENG), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Technological Innovations, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Paraná, 87.301-899, Brazil.
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Santo DE, Dusman E, da Silva Gonzalez R, Romero AL, Dos Santos Gonçalves do Nascimento GC, de Souza Moura MA, Bressiani PA, Filipi ÁCK, Gomes EMV, Pokrywiecki JC, da Silva Medeiros FV, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Prospecting toxicity of octocrylene in Allium cepa L. and Eisenia fetida Sav. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:8257-8268. [PMID: 36053420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Octocrylene sunscreen is found in different environmental compartments. Unlike aquatic organisms, there are few studies evaluating the adverse effects caused by this pollutant on terrestrial plants, and no studies on soil fauna. In this study, octocrylene was evaluated at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 µg/L for phytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity, and oxidative stress in Allium cepa L., and acute toxicity and oxidative stress in Eisenia fetida Sav. In A. cepa, at concentrations of 100 and 1000 µg/L, octocrylene reduced the germination potential in seeds, inhibited root elongation, and caused disturbance in cell division in roots. In E. fetida, the concentration of 1000 µg/L promoted an avoidance rate of 80%, while 10 µg/L caused a hormesis effect. The concentrations 100 and 1000 µg/L caused lipid peroxidation in A. cepa and E. fetida. Based on the results, the recurrent use of biosolids in soil fertilization, as well as the irrigation of plants with wastewater, with the presence of octocrylene can negatively impact the survival of different species that depend directly or indirectly on the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Espirito Santo
- Environmental Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Dusman
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Academic Department of Chemistry (DAQUI), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriano Lopes Romero
- Academic Department of Chemistry (DAQUI), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Augusto de Souza Moura
- Environmental Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patricia Aline Bressiani
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ádila Cristina Krukoski Filipi
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics (DAFEM), Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Engineering (DAENG), Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia Vieira da Silva Medeiros
- Professional Master's in National Network in Management and Regulation of Water Resources (PROFÁGUA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
- PosGraduate Program in Technological Innovations (PPGIT), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation (DABIC), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
- PosGraduate Program in Technological Innovations (PPGIT), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation (DABIC), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
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