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Sohn-Hausner N, Correa RG, Kmetiuk LB, da Silva EC, de Moraes GN, Rocha GDS, Langoni H, Biondo AW. One Health Approach to Toxoplasmosis: Owner and Dog Seropositivity as Spatial Indicators of Risk Areas for Acquired, Gestational and Congenital Transmission. Trop Med Infect Dis 2024; 9:143. [PMID: 39058185 PMCID: PMC11281673 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9070143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis has been of public health concern due to direct associations with socioeconomic vulnerability and inadequate living conditions. METHODS Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess antibodies against T. gondii, historical reported toxoplasmosis cases and associated socio-environmental risk factors in Pinhais, a full urban area of Curitiba, currently the eighth biggest metropolitan area of Brazil. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were assessed by an indirect immunofluorescence reaction (RIFI). Owner and dog samples were also tested by IFAT to anti-Leishmania spp. and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. RESULTS Overall, 20/135 (14.8%) persons and 13/133 (9.8%) dogs from 25 different households were considered seropositive to T. gondii. All samples were seronegative to Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi. CONCLUSIONS Although no significant covariates were found in the regression model, statistically associated risk factors in the bivariate analysis included no public water use (p = 0.016) and drinking raw milk (p = 0.041) for owners, and obesity (p = 0.028) and tick infestation (p = 0.03) for dogs. In addition, a spatial cluster of T. gondii seropositivity for both owners and their dogs overlapped the location of historic reported cases of human acquired, gestational and congenital toxoplasmosis. Finally, the results herein showed tick infestation as an indicator of socio-environmental risk for T. gondii exposure in the household environment, and dogs may be used as sentinels for human toxoplasmosis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Sohn-Hausner
- Graduate College of Cell and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80035-050, PR, Brazil; (N.S.-H.); (L.B.K.)
| | - Ricardo Guedes Correa
- Graduate College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80035-050, PR, Brazil;
| | - Louise Bach Kmetiuk
- Graduate College of Cell and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80035-050, PR, Brazil; (N.S.-H.); (L.B.K.)
| | - Evelyn Cristine da Silva
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (G.N.d.M.); (G.d.S.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Gustavo Nunes de Moraes
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (G.N.d.M.); (G.d.S.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Gabrielle dos Santos Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (G.N.d.M.); (G.d.S.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Helio Langoni
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.); (G.N.d.M.); (G.d.S.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Alexander Welker Biondo
- Graduate College of Cell and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80035-050, PR, Brazil; (N.S.-H.); (L.B.K.)
- Graduate College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80035-050, PR, Brazil;
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Santana MDA, Leal ARDS, de Sousa RLT, Brandão Dos Santos LV, Mascarenhas MDM, Rodrigues MTP, Mendonça VJ. Epidemiological aspects of Chagas disease in the state of Piauí (Northeast Brazil) in the period 2010-2019. Acta Trop 2022; 228:106338. [PMID: 35114171 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease (ChD), caused by the hemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important morbidity that affects approximately six million people in the American continent. T. cruzi parasites are mainly transmitted to human by the infected feces of blood-sucking triatomine insects. The persistent disease is endemic in many regions of South America, mostly affecting residents of rural areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological aspects of ChD in the state of Pi-auí located in northeastern Brazil. This is an analytical cross-sectional study carried out from the collection of data of the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN, in Portuguese, Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação) of suspected and confirmed cases of acute ChD in the state of Piauí, in the period 2010-2019. Associations between T. cruzi positivity and the study variables were determined by the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and were raised as prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence interval. According to this survey, 517 suspected cases of acute ChD were reported in Piauí, with 70 cases (13.5%) confirmed. In 88.5% of confirmed cases, confirmation occurred by laboratory diagnosis. Most of the confirmed cases occurred in municipalities located in the semiarid region, with the municipality of São João do Piauí presenting the highest number of cases. Regarding sociodemographic data, females represent 55.7% of cases, people over 50 years of age (55.7%), being three cases in people up to 18 years of age, and less than 8 years of schooling (67.1%). 77.9% of confirmed cases had vector transmission as the probable form of infection. The data available in this study conclude that vectorial transmission of ChD in the state of Piauí remains active. This fact is corroborated by the number of notified and confirmed cases of acute ChD, requiring housing improvement programs and more effective epidemiological surveillance to control the transmission of the disease in the state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricélia de Aquino Santana
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Parasitologia e Microbiologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Universidade Federal do Piauí Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piauí CEP 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Anangela Ravena da Silva Leal
- Departamento de Biologia Parasitária, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas-LABIMDOE, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/Fiocruz), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Leoberto Torres de Sousa
- Departamento de Biologia Parasitária, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas-LABIMDOE, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC/Fiocruz), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Luan Victor Brandão Dos Santos
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Parasitologia e Microbiologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Universidade Federal do Piauí Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piauí CEP 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Márcio Denis Medeiros Mascarenhas
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina Comunitária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Universidade Federal do Piauí Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piauí CEP 64049-550, Brazil; Centro de Inteligências em Agravos Tropicais e negligenciados, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, CEP 64001-450
| | - Malvina Thaís Pacheco Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina Comunitária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Universidade Federal do Piauí Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piauí CEP 64049-550, Brazil; Centro de Inteligências em Agravos Tropicais e negligenciados, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, CEP 64001-450
| | - Vagner José Mendonça
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Parasitologia e Microbiologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Universidade Federal do Piauí Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Piauí CEP 64049-550, Brazil; Centro de Inteligências em Agravos Tropicais e negligenciados, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, CEP 64001-450..
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Reemergence of Yellow Fever in Brazil: The Role of Distinct Landscape Fragmentation Thresholds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 2021:8230789. [PMID: 34341668 PMCID: PMC8325590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8230789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) reemergence in Brazil was followed by human suffering and the loss of biodiversity of neotropical simians on the Atlantic coast. The underlying mechanisms were investigated with special focus on distinct landscape fragmentation thresholds in the affected municipalities. An ecological study in epidemiology is employed to assess the statistical relationship between events of YFV and forest fragmentation in municipal landscapes. Negative binomial regression model showed that highly fragmented forest cover was associated with an 85% increase of events of YFV in humans and simians (RR = 1.85, CI 95% = 1.24–2.75, p=0.003) adjusted by vaccine coverage, population size, and municipality area. Intermediate levels of forest cover combined with higher levels of forest edge densities contribute to the YFV dispersion and the exponential growth of YF cases. Strategies for forest conservation are necessary for the control and prevention of YF and other zoonotic diseases that can spillover from the fragmented forest remains to populated cities of the Brazilian Atlantic coast.
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do Carmo Neto JR, Braga YLL, da Costa AWF, Lucio FH, do Nascimento TC, dos Reis MA, Celes MRN, de Oliveira FA, Machado JR, da Silva MV. Biomarkers and Their Possible Functions in the Intestinal Microenvironment of Chagasic Megacolon: An Overview of the (Neuro)inflammatory Process. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6668739. [PMID: 33928170 PMCID: PMC8049798 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6668739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between inflammatory processes and intestinal neuronal destruction during the progression of Chagasic megacolon is well established. However, many other components play essential roles, both in the long-term progression and control of the clinical status of patients infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Components such as neuronal subpopulations, enteric glial cells, mast cells and their proteases, and homeostasis-related proteins from several organic systems (serotonin and galectins) are differentially involved in the progression of Chagasic megacolon. This review is aimed at revealing the characteristics of the intestinal microenvironment found in Chagasic megacolon by using different types of already used biomarkers. Information regarding these components may provide new therapeutic alternatives and improve the understanding of the association between T. cruzi infection and immune, endocrine, and neurological system changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Yarlla Loyane Lira Braga
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Arthur Wilson Florêncio da Costa
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Hélia Lucio
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thais Cardoso do Nascimento
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marlene Antônia dos Reis
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mara Rubia Nunes Celes
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Flávia Aparecida de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Abstract
Urbanization, pollution and the modification of natural landscapes are characteristics of modern society, where the change in human relations with the environment and the impact on biodiversity are environmental determinants that affect the health-disease relationship. The skin is an organ that has a strong interface with the environment and, therefore, the prevalence patterns of dermatoses may reflect these environmental changes. In this article, aspects related to deforestation, fires, urbanization, large-scale agriculture, extensive livestock farming, pollution and climatic changes are discussed regarding their influence on the epidemiology of skin diseases. It is important that dermatologists be aware of their social responsibility in order to promote sustainable practices in their community, in addition to identifying the impacts of environmental imbalances on different dermatoses, which is essential for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.
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Domínguez-Alonso JA, Conde-Estévez D, Bosch D, Pi-Figueras M, Tusquets I. Breast cancer, placing drug interactions in the spotlight: is polypharmacy the cause of everything? Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:65-73. [PMID: 32449126 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most prevalent and lethal cancer among women. Forty-one percent of cases occur in people ≥ 70 years, hindering their treatment given its comorbidities and polypharmacy (PP). Potential drug-drug interactions (PDDI) were analyzed in elderly breast cancer patients between daily and oncospecific treatments and their associations with Age, BMI, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Frailty categorization, PP, and adverse effects. PATIENTS/METHODS A cohort of 77 patients ≥ 70 years with breast cancer who underwent a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) were included. Clinical characteristics were collected using medical records. PDDI between treatments were analyzed using two databases. Data were assessed using linear regression, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Finally, a multivariate logistic regression model was built and tested to predict adverse effects. RESULTS From 719 PDDI, 530 (74%) were moderate (r2 = 0.72) and the median number of drugs during oncospecific treatment (r2 = 0.73) was 9 (range 3-26). Overall, 59 patients (77%) had adverse effects associated with Frailty categorization and MNA (p < 0.05). The distribution of major, moderate, minor, and total PDDI was associated with PP at CGA and during oncospecific treatment (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was verified that Frailty categorization protects from adverse effects given the intervention made at CGA. CONCLUSIONS CGA should be applied in oncologic elderly patients to assess clinical outcomes and categorize them according to their frailty but also to analyze PDDI. Furthermore, we encourage the use of the model in clinical practice for predicting the occurrence of adverse effects, improving therapeutic conciliation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Bosch
- Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l'Oceà, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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ELLWANGER JOELHENRIQUE, KULMANN-LEAL BRUNA, KAMINSKI VALÉRIAL, VALVERDE-VILLEGAS JACQUELINEMARÍA, VEIGA ANABEATRIZGDA, SPILKI FERNANDOR, FEARNSIDE PHILIPM, CAESAR LÍLIAN, GIATTI LEANDROLUIZ, WALLAU GABRIELL, ALMEIDA SABRINAE, BORBA MAUROR, HORA VANUSAPDA, CHIES JOSÉARTURB. Beyond diversity loss and climate change: Impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious diseases and public health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 92:e20191375. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020191375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - LÍLIAN CAESAR
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul/UFRGS, Brazil
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Vieira de Melo RM, Azevedo DFC, Lira YM, Cardoso de Oliveira NF, Passos LCS. Chagas disease is associated with a worse prognosis at 1‐year follow‐up after implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator for secondary prevention in heart failure patients. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:2448-2452. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diogo F. C. Azevedo
- Hospital Ana Nery Department of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia Bahia Brazil
| | - Yasmin M. Lira
- Hospital Ana Nery Department of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia Bahia Brazil
| | | | - Luiz C. S. Passos
- Hospital Ana Nery Department of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia Bahia Brazil
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Steindorf V, Maidana NA. Modeling the Spatial Spread of Chagas Disease. Bull Math Biol 2019; 81:1687-1730. [PMID: 30805855 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-019-00581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to understand the spatial spread of Chagas disease, which is primarily transmitted by triatomines. We propose a mathematical model using a system of partial differential reaction-diffusion equations to study and describe the spread of this disease in the human population. We consider the respective subclasses of infected and uninfected individuals within the human and triatomine populations. The dynamics of the infected human subpopulation considers two disease phases: acute and chronic. The human population is considered to be homogeneously distributed across a space to describe the local propagation of Chagas disease by triatomines during a short epidemic period. We determine the basic reproduction number that allows us to assess Chagas disease control measures, and we determine the speed of disease propagation by using traveling wave solutions for our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Steindorf
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Norberto Aníbal Maidana
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
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