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Amarenco P, Kim JS, Labreuche J, Charles H, Giroud M, Lee BC, Lavallée PC, Mahagne MH, Meseguer E, Nighoghossian N, Steg PG, Vicaut É, Bruckert E. Impact of Lower Versus Higher LDL Cholesterol Targets on Cardiovascular Events After Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Diabetes. Diabetes 2021; 70:1807-1815. [PMID: 33980690 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
After an ischemic stroke with evidence of atherosclerosis, lipid-lowering treatment with a target LDL cholesterol of <70 mg/dL compared with 100 ± 10 mg/dL reduced the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events. In this analysis, we explored the effect in the subgroup of patients with diabetes compared with the subgroup without, as well as in those with newly diagnosed diabetes. Patients with ischemic stroke in the previous 3 months or transient ischemic attack within the previous 15 days and evidence of cerebrovascular or coronary artery atherosclerosis were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to a target LDL cholesterol of <70 mg/dL or 100 ± 10 mg/dL using statin or ezetimibe. The primary outcome was the composite of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, new symptoms requiring urgent coronary or carotid revascularization, and death resulting from vascular disease. We performed a prespecified analysis to evaluate the effect in patients with diabetes. Of 2,860 patients enrolled, 643 had diabetes at baseline, with a mean age of 66.2 years and baseline LDL cholesterol of 127 mg/dL, and were followed for a median of 3 years. The primary composite end point occurred in 27 (8.2%) of 328 patients in the lower-target group and in 44 (14.0%) of 315 patients in the higher-target group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.56; 95% CI 0.34-0.89; P = 0.016). In patients without diabetes, the HR was 0.87 (95% CI 0.66-1.14; P = 0.31; interaction P = 0.15). In those with diabetes, there were three intracranial hemorrhages in both randomization groups (0.9% vs. 1.0%, respectively). Newly diagnosed diabetes occurred in 98 (9.2%) of 1,070 and in 80 (7.4%) of 1,085 patients in the lower- and higher-target groups, respectively (HR 1.27; 95% CI 0.94-1.71; P = 0.11), and baseline higher HbA1c was the unique multivariable predictor. In conclusion, after an ischemic stroke with evidence of atherosclerosis, targeting an LDL cholesterol of <70 mg/dL compared with 100 ± 10 mg/dL consistently reduced the risk of subsequent stroke and other major vascular events in patients with and without diabetes, but the higher risk in those with diabetes yielded a higher absolute risk reduction, with number needed to treat of 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Amarenco
- INSERM LVTS-U1148, DHU FIRE, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Julien Labreuche
- EA 2694, Santé Publique Épidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, CHU Lille, Université Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hugo Charles
- INSERM LVTS-U1148, DHU FIRE, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maurice Giroud
- EA 7460, Dijon Stroke Registry, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Dijon, University of Burgundy, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Philippa C Lavallée
- INSERM LVTS-U1148, DHU FIRE, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Elena Meseguer
- INSERM LVTS-U1148, DHU FIRE, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Gabriel Steg
- INSERM LVTS-U1148, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Éric Vicaut
- Department of Biostatistics, Fernand Widal Hospital, APHP, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Ruscica M, Pavanello C, Gandini S, Macchi C, Botta M, Dall'Orto D, Del Puppo M, Bertolotti M, Bosisio R, Mombelli G, Sirtori CR, Calabresi L, Magni P. Nutraceutical approach for the management of cardiovascular risk - a combination containing the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and red yeast rice extract: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutr J 2019; 18:13. [PMID: 30795775 PMCID: PMC6387491 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics incorporated into dairy products have been shown to reduce total (TC) and LDL cholesterolemia (LDL-C) in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia. More specifically, probiotics with high biliary salt hydrolase activity, e.g. Bifidobacterium longum BB536, may decrease TC and LDL-C by lowering intestinal cholesterol reabsorption and, combined with other nutraceuticals, may be useful to manage hypercholesterolemia in subjects with low cardiovascular (CV) risk. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a nutraceutical combination containing Bifidobacterium longum BB536, red yeast rice (RYR) extract (10 mg/day monacolin K), niacin, coenzyme Q10 (Lactoflorene Colesterolo®). The end-points were changes of lipid CV risk markers (LDL-C, TC, non-HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), HDL-C, apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)), and of markers of cholesterol synthesis/absorption. METHODS A 12-week randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-three subjects (18-70 years) in primary CV prevention and low CV risk (SCORE: 0-1% in 24 and 2-4% in 9 subjects; LDL-C: 130-200 mg/dL) were randomly allocated to either nutraceutical (N = 16) or placebo (N = 17). RESULTS Twelve-week treatment with the nutraceutical combination, compared to placebo, significantly reduced TC (- 16.7%), LDL-C (- 25.7%), non-HDL-C (- 24%) (all p < 0.0001), apoB (- 17%, p = 0.003). TG, HDL-C, apoAI, Lp(a), PCSK9 were unchanged. Lathosterol:TC ratio was significantly reduced by the nutraceutical combination, while campesterol:TC ratio and sitosterol:TC ratio did not change, suggesting reduction of synthesis without increased absorption of cholesterol. No adverse effects and a 97% compliance were observed. CONCLUSIONS A 12-week treatment with a nutraceutical combination containing the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and RYR extract significantly improved the atherogenic lipid profile and was well tolerated by low CV risk subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02689934 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Ruscica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pavanello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Dall'Orto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Del Puppo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marco Bertolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bosisio
- Centro Dislipidemie, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mombelli
- Centro Dislipidemie, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare R Sirtori
- Centro Dislipidemie, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy. .,IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
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Liu Y, Xia N, Hu W, Zhao W. Lipid-altering Efficacy of Ezetimibe/Simvastatin Compared with
Rosuvastatin in Hypercholesterolaemic Patients: A Meta-Analysis. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.200.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stellaard F, von Bergmann K, Sudhop T, Lütjohann D. The value of surrogate markers to monitor cholesterol absorption, synthesis and bioconversion to bile acids under lipid lowering therapies. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 169:111-122. [PMID: 27060336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regulation of cholesterol (Chol) homeostasis is controlled by three main fluxes, i.e. intestinal absorption, de novo synthesis (ChS) and catabolism, predominantly as bile acid synthesis (BAS). High serum total Chol and LDL-Chol concentrations in particular are considered risk factors and markers for the development of atherosclerosis. Pharmaceutical treatments to lower serum Chol have focused on reducing absorption or ChS and increasing BAS. Monitoring of these three parameters is complex involving isotope techniques, cholesterol balance experiments and advanced mass spectrometry based analysis methods. Surrogate markers were explored that require only one single fasting blood sample collection. These markers were validated in specific, mostly physiological conditions and during statin treatment to inhibit ChS. They were also applied under cholesterol absorption restriction, but were not validated in this condition. We retrospectively evaluated the use of serum campesterol (Camp), sitosterol (Sit) and cholestanol (Cholol) as markers for cholesterol absorption, lathosterol (Lath) as marker for ChS and 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7α-OH-Ch) and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OH-Ch) as markers for BAS under conditions of Chol absorption restriction. Additionally, their values were corrected for Chol concentration (R_sterol or oxysterols). METHODS Thirty-seven healthy male omnivore subjects were studied under treatments with placebo (PLAC), ezetimibe (EZE) to inhibit cholesterol absorption, simvastatin (SIMVA) to reduce cholesterol synthesis and a combination of both (EZE+SIMVA). Results were compared to those obtained in 18 pure vegetarian subjects (vegans) whose dietary Chol intake is extremely low. Relative or fractional Chol absorption (FrChA) was measured with the continuous feeding stable isotope procedure, ChS and BAS with the cholesterol balance method. The daily Chol intake (DICh) was inventoried and the daily Chol absorption (DACh) calculated. RESULTS Monitoring cholesterol absorption, R_Camp, R_Sit and R_Cholol responded sensitively to changes in FrChA. R_Camp correlated well with FrChA in all omnivore treatment groups and in the vegan group. R_Camp confirmed reduced FrChA under EZE treatment and reduced DACh in the vegan subjects. R_Sit and R_Cholol did not accurately reflect FrChA or DACh in all situations. Monitoring endogenous cholesterol synthesis, R_Lath correlated with ChS in the vegan group, but in none of the omnivore treatment groups. R_Lath confirmed increased ChS under EZE treatment and was reduced under SIMVA treatment, while ChS was not. An increased ChS under EZE+SIMVA treatment could not be confirmed with R_Lath. R_Lath responded very insensitively to a change in ChS. Monitoring BAS, R_7α-OH-Ch but not R_27-OH-Ch correlated with BAS during PLAC, EZE and SIMVA treatments. In line with BAS, R_7α-OH-Ch did not differ in any of the omnivore treatment groups. R_7α-OH-Ch responded insensitively to a change in BAS. CONCLUSIONS Under Chol absorption restriction, serum R_Camp is a sensitive and valid marker to monitor FrChA in a population with a normal DICh. Also, major changes in DACh can be detected in vegans. Serum R_Lath does not reflect ChS measured with the cholesterol balance method during EZE treatment. This result initiates the question whether the measured ChS reflects pure de novo synthesis. Serum R_7α-OH-Ch appears to be a valid but insensitive marker for BAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans Stellaard
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinics of Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus von Bergmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinics of Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Sudhop
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinics of Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinics of Bonn, Germany.
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Malina DMT, Fonseca FA, Barbosa SA, Kasmas SH, Machado VA, França CN, Borges NC, Moreno RA, Izar MC. Additive effects of plant sterols supplementation in addition to different lipid-lowering regimens. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:542-52. [PMID: 26228672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plant sterol (PS) supplementation has been widely used alone or combined with lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. The effects of PS added to high-intensity LLT are less reported, especially regarding the effects on cholesterol synthesis and absorption. METHODS A prospective, randomized, open-label study, with parallel arms and blinded end points was designed to evaluate the effects of addition of PS to LLT on LDL cholesterol, markers of cholesterol synthesis, and absorption. Eighty-six patients of both genders were submitted to a 4-wk run-in period with atorvastatin 10 mg (baseline). Following, subjects received atorvastatin 40 mg, ezetimibe 10 mg, or combination of both drugs for another 4-wk period (phase I). In phase II, capsules containing 2.0 g of PSs were added to previous assigned treatments for 4 wk. Lipids, apolipoproteins, plasma campesterol, β-sitosterol, and desmosterol levels were assayed at all time points. Within and between-group analyses were performed. RESULTS Compared with baseline, atorvastatin 40 mg reduced total and LDL cholesterol (3% and 22%, respectively, P < .05), increased β-sitosterol, campesterol/cholesterol, and β-sitosterol/cholesterol ratios (39%, 47%, and 32%, respectively, P < .05); ezetimibe 10 mg reduced campesterol and campesterol/cholesterol ratio (67% and 70%, respectively, P < .05), and the combined therapy decreased total and LDL cholesterol (22% and 38%, respectively, P < .05), campesterol, β-sitosterol, and campesterol/cholesterol ratio (54%, 40%, and 27%, P < .05). Addition of PS further reduced total and LDL cholesterol by ∼ 7.7 and 6.5%, respectively, in the atorvastatin therapy group and 5.0 and 4.0% in the combined therapy group (P < .05, for all), with no further effects in absorption or synthesis markers. CONCLUSIONS PS added to LLT can further improve lipid profile, without additional effects on intestinal sterol absorption or synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M T Malina
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco A Fonseca
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sílvio A Barbosa
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Soraia H Kasmas
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria A Machado
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina N França
- Health Sciences Post-Graduation Division, University of Santo Amaro-UNISA, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria C Izar
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Machado VA, Fonseca FA, Fonseca HA, Malina DT, Fonzar WT, Barbosa SA, Santana JM, Izar MC. Plant sterol supplementation on top of lipid-lowering therapies in familial hypercholesterolemia. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:570-572. [PMID: 25767019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valéria A Machado
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco A Fonseca
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique A Fonseca
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela T Malina
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Waleria T Fonzar
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sílvio A Barbosa
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria C Izar
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Ferreira CES, França CN, Izar MCO, Camargo LM, Roman RM, Fonseca FAH. High-intensity statin monotherapy versus moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe therapy: effects on vascular biomarkers. Int J Cardiol 2014; 180:78-9. [PMID: 25438220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C E S Ferreira
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Albert Einstein Israeli Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C N França
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C O Izar
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Camargo
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R M Roman
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F A H Fonseca
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Camargo LM, França CN, Izar MC, Bianco HT, Lins LS, Barbosa SP, Pinheiro LF, Fonseca FAH. Effects of simvastatin/ezetimibe on microparticles, endothelial progenitor cells and platelet aggregation in subjects with coronary heart disease under antiplatelet therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:432-7. [PMID: 24760119 PMCID: PMC4075313 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
It is not known whether the addition of ezetimibe to statins adds cardiovascular
protection beyond the expected changes in lipid levels. Subjects with coronary heart
disease were treated with four consecutive 1-week courses of therapy (T) and
evaluations. The courses were: T1, 100 mg aspirin alone; T2, 100 mg aspirin and 40 mg
simvastatin/10 mg ezetimibe; T3, 40 mg simvastatin/10 mg ezetimibe, and 75 mg
clopidogrel (300 mg initial loading dose); T4, 75 mg clopidogrel alone. Platelet
aggregation was examined in whole blood. Endothelial microparticles (CD51), platelet
microparticles (CD42/CD31), and endothelial progenitor cells (CD34/CD133;
CDKDR/CD133, or CD34/KDR) were quantified by flow cytometry. Endothelial function was
examined by flow-mediated dilation. Comparisons between therapies revealed
differences in lipids (T2 and T3<T1 and T4 for total cholesterol, LDL-C, and
triglycerides; P<0.002 for all), as well as for endothelial function (T2>T1 and
T4, P=0.001). Decreased platelet aggregation was observed after aspirin (arachidonic
acid, T1<T3 and T4, P=0.034) and clopidogrel (adenosine, T3 and T4<T1 and T2,
P<0.0001) therapy. Simvastatin/ezetimibe diphosphate did not change platelet
aggregation, the amount of circulating endothelial and platelet microparticles, or
endothelial progenitor cells. Cardiovascular protection following therapy with
simvastatin/ezetimibe seems restricted to lipid changes and improvement of
endothelial function not affecting the release of microparticles, mobilization of
endothelial progenitor cells or decreased platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Camargo
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - C N França
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M C Izar
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - H T Bianco
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - L S Lins
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - S P Barbosa
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - L F Pinheiro
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - F A H Fonseca
- Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Effects of Ezetimibe on Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Microparticles in High-Risk Patients. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 70:687-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-9973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Barbosa SP, Lins LC, Fonseca FA, Matos LN, Aguirre AC, Bianco HT, Amaral JB, França CN, Santana JM, Izar MC. Effects of ezetimibe on markers of synthesis and absorption of cholesterol in high-risk patients with elevated C-reactive protein. Life Sci 2013; 92:845-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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