1
|
Freitas NEM, Habib FL, Santos EF, Silva ÂAO, Fontes ND, Leony LM, Sampaio DD, de Almeida MC, Dantas-Torres F, Santos FLN. Technological advances in the serological diagnosis of Chagas disease in dogs and cats: a systematic review. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:343. [PMID: 36167575 PMCID: PMC9516836 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted mainly through the feces/urine of infected triatomine bugs. The acute phase lasts 2–3 months and is characterized by high parasitemia and nonspecific symptoms, whereas the lifelong chronic phase features symptoms affecting the heart and/or digestive tract occurring in 30–40% of infected individuals. As in humans, cardiac abnormalities are observed in T. cruzi-infected dogs and cats. We reviewed the technological advances in the serological diagnosis of CD in dogs and cats. Methods A review of the published literature during the last 54 years (1968–2022) on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CD in dogs and cats was conducted. Results Using predefined eligibility criteria for a search of the published literature, we retrieved and screened 436 publications. Of these, 84 original studies were considered for inclusion in this review. Dogs and cats are considered as sentinels, potentially indicating an active T. cruzi transmission and thus the risk for human infection. Although dogs and cats are reputed to be important for maintaining the T. cruzi domestic transmission cycle, there are no commercial tests to detect past or active infections in these animals. Most published research on CD in dogs and cats have used in-house serological tests prepared with native and/or full-length recombinant antigens, resulting in variable diagnostic performance. In recent years, chimeric antigens have been used to improve the diagnosis of chronic CD in humans with encouraging results. Some of them have high performance values (> 95%) and extremely low cross-reactivity rates for Leishmania spp., especially the antigens IBMP-8.1 to IBMP-8.4. The diagnostic performance of IBMP antigens was also investigated in dogs, showing high diagnostic performance with negligible cross-reactivity with anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies. Conclusions The development of a commercial immunodiagnostic tool to identify past or active T. cruzi infections in dogs and cats is urgently needed. The use of chimeric recombinant T. cruzi antigens may help to fill this gap and is discussed in this review. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05476-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Erdens Maron Freitas
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lopes Habib
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Emily Ferreira Santos
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Ângelo Antônio Oliveira Silva
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Natália Dantas Fontes
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Maia Leony
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Daniel Dias Sampaio
- Brazil's Family Health Strategy, Municipal Health Department, Tremedal City Hall, Bahia, Tremedal, Brazil
| | - Marcio Cerqueira de Almeida
- Pathology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Fred Luciano Neves Santos
- Advanced Health Public Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Waldemar Falcão Street, 121, Candeal, Bahia, Salvador, 40296-710, Brazil. .,Integrated Translational Program in Chagas Disease From Fiocruz (Fio-Chagas), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
REYES CAROLINA, GONZÁLEZ CHRISTIANR, ALVARADO SERGIO, FLORES LETICIA, MARTIN CATHERINE, OYARCE ALAN, AYLWIN MARÍAPAZ, CANALS MAURICIO, PARRA ALONSO, VALDERRAMA LARA. Chagas Disease in northern Chile: detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in children, dogs and triatomine bugs. Acta Trop 2022; 235:106631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
3
|
Díaz ALM, Pregonero Sigua F, Otálora AS, Pedraza Bernal AM. Trypanosoma cruzi seroprevalence and associated factors in women in Casanare-Colombia. J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:89-95. [PMID: 33746391 PMCID: PMC7921244 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-020-01280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted mainly by triatomines and from mothers to children. In Colombia, this disease is a public health problem and due to its high endemicity and vertical transmission, women are susceptible populations that must be evaluated. Our objective was to determinate the Trypanosoma cruzi seroprevalence and factors associated with women in Pore (Municipality), Casanare, Colombia. Cross-sectional study. A sample of 230 healthy volunteer women, 15 years or older, without previous diagnosis of Chagas disease was taken; the serological analysis was done using the Chagas ELISA IgG and IgM and indirect Hemagglutination (HAI) technique. In addition, a survey was applied to each participant in order to explore the presence of factors that could be associated with a positive test result. The seropostitivity found in Pore Casanare's women was 16.9% (39/230, 95% CI 12.1-21.7), additionally it was found that rural origin, the coexistence with animals, especially chickens, age, low level schooling and housing material are factors associated with T. cruzi infection in this population. The results of this study indicate the importance of conducting extensive seroepidemiological studies in populations of endemic areas, due to the difficulty in detecting cases in the acute phase; therefore, screening allows the establishment of a follow-up and treatment time line that contributes to the interruption of the transmission vertical.
Collapse
|
4
|
Vivas RJ, García JE, Guhl F, Hernández C, Velásquez N, Ramírez JD, Carranza JC, Vallejo GA. Systematic review on the biology, ecology, genetic diversity and parasite transmission potential of Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille 1811) in Latin America. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2021; 116:e200528. [PMID: 33656141 PMCID: PMC7919531 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille, 1811) is the triatomine with the largest geographic distribution in Latin America. It has been reported in 18 countries from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, including the Caribbean islands. Although most reports indicate that P. geniculatus has wild habitats, this species has intrusive habits regarding human dwellings mainly located in intermediate deforested areas. It is attracted by artificial light from urban and rural buildings, raising the risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi. Despite the wide body of published information on P. geniculatus, many knowledge gaps exist about its biology and epidemiological potential. For this reason, we analysed the literature for P. geniculatus in Scopus, PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar and the BibTriv3.0 databases to update existing knowledge and provide better information on its geographic distribution, life cycle, genetic diversity, evidence of intrusion and domiciliation, vector-related circulating discrete taxonomic units, possible role in oral T. cruzi transmission, and the effect of climate change on its biology and epidemiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo José Vivas
- Universidad del Tolima, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Jorge Enrique García
- Universidad de Ibagué, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Felipe Guhl
- Universidad de los Andes, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Velásquez
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julio César Carranza
- Universidad del Tolima, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Vallejo
- Universidad del Tolima, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Ibagué, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cantillo-Barraza O, Medina M, Zuluaga S, Valverde C, Motta C, Ladino A, Osorio MI, Jaimes-Dueñez J, Triana-Chávez O. Eco-epidemiological study reveals the importance of Triatoma dimidiata in the Trypanosoma cruzi transmission, in a municipality certified without transmission by Rhodnius prolixus in Colombia. Acta Trop 2020; 209:105550. [PMID: 32473116 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Boyaca department is an endemic area for Chagas disease in Colombia, where 24 of its municipalities have been certified by the PAHO with interruption of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission by R. prolixus. However, the presence of secondary vectors, represent a risk of parasite transmission for citizens and a challenge for the health care institutions. The aim of this work was to investigate eco-epidemiological features of Chagas disease in the municipality of Socota (Boyaca), in order to improve control and surveillance strategies. To understand the transmission dynamics of T. cruzi in this area, we designed a comprehensive, multi-faceted study including: (i) entomological survey in five villages (La Vega, Comaita, Chusvita, Guaquira and Pueblo Nuevo), (ii) blood meal source determination, (iii) T. cruzi infection rate in collected triatomines, (iv) identification of circulating T. cruzi genotypes, (v) serological determination of T. cruzi infection in domestic dogs; and (vi) evaluation of infection in synanthropic mammals. A total of 90 T. dimidiata were collected, of which 73.3% (66/90) and 24.4% (22/90) were collected inside dwellings and peridomestic areas, respectively, while the rest (2/90) in Chusvita Elementary School. T. cruzi infection was evidenced in 40% (36/90) of triatomine bugs using PCR analyses, in which only DTU I was found, and TcI Dom was the most distributed. Blood-meal analysis showed that T. dimidiata only fed of humans. Seroprevalence in domestic dogs was 4.6% (3/66), while that two Didelphis marsupialis captured showed no infection. In conclusion, the high dispersion and colonization of T. dimidiata shown in this municipality, along the high rate of T. cruzi (TcI) infection and its anthropophilic behavior constitute a risk situation for Chagas disease transmission in this municipality certified without R. prolixus. The epidemiological implications of these findings are herein discussed.
Collapse
|
6
|
Maggi RG, Krämer F. A review on the occurrence of companion vector-borne diseases in pet animals in Latin America. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:145. [PMID: 30917860 PMCID: PMC6438007 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Companion vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are an important threat for pet life, but may also have an impact on human health, due to their often zoonotic character. The importance and awareness of CVBDs continuously increased during the last years. However, information on their occurrence is often limited in several parts of the world, which are often especially affected. Latin America (LATAM), a region with large biodiversity, is one of these regions, where information on CVBDs for pet owners, veterinarians, medical doctors and health workers is often obsolete, limited or non-existent. In the present review, a comprehensive literature search for CVBDs in companion animals (dogs and cats) was performed for several countries in Central America (Belize, Caribbean Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico) as well as in South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana (British Guyana), Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela) regarding the occurrence of the following parasitic and bacterial diseases: babesiosis, heartworm disease, subcutaneous dirofilariosis, hepatozoonosis, leishmaniosis, trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis, bartonellosis, borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, mycoplasmosis and rickettsiosis. An overview on the specific diseases, followed by a short summary on their occurrence per country is given. Additionally, a tabular listing on positive or non-reported occurrence is presented. None of the countries is completely free from CVBDs. The data presented in the review confirm a wide distribution of the CVBDs in focus in LATAM. This wide occurrence and the fact that most of the CVBDs can have a quite severe clinical outcome and their diagnostic as well as therapeutic options in the region are often difficult to access and to afford, demands a strong call for the prevention of pathogen transmission by the use of ectoparasiticidal and anti-feeding products as well as by performing behavioural changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo G. Maggi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Friederike Krämer
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Viettri M, Herrera L, Aguilar CM, Morocoima A, Reyes J, Lares M, Lozano-Arias D, García-Alzate R, Chacón T, Feliciangeli MD, Ferrer E. Molecular diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi/Leishmania spp. coinfection in domestic, peridomestic and wild mammals of Venezuelan co-endemic areas. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2018; 14:123-130. [PMID: 31014717 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
American trypanosomiasis and leishmaniases are diseases caused by protozoans of the Trypanosomatidae family. In Venezuela, although several endemic foci of both diseases coincide, there are no reports of coinfection in mammals. The molecular diagnosis of the coinfection T. cruzi-Leishmania spp. was done in 527 blood samples collected on filter paper of several species of mammals (Canis familiaris, Equus asinus, Didelphis marsupialis, Equus mulus, Rattus rattus, Equus caballus, Artibeus fraterculus, Felis catus, Sus scrofa, Bos taurus, Capra hircus and Sciurus granatensis) from the states Cojedes, Aragua, Anzoátegui, Guárico, Miranda and Capital District. The T. cruzi infection was determined through PCR amplification of DNA of kinetoplast minicircles (kDNA) and satellite DNA (sDNA). The Leishmania spp. infection was detected by Leishmania nested PCR (Ln-PCR), and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 PCR (ITS1-PCR). The percentage of infection by T. cruzi was 23.5%, by Leishmania spp. 12.9% and coinfection was 5.7%. D. marsupialis was the species with the highest percentage of infection for each parasitosis (T. cruzi 34.3%, Leishmania spp. 20.0%) and coinfection (14.3%). Anzoátegui was the state with the highest percentage of infection for each parasitosis (T. cruzi 64.9%, Leishmania spp. 64.9%) and coinfection (43.2%). Infections were determined in species not reported as natural reservoirs of T. cruzi (E. asinus and E. mulus) and of Leishmania spp. (E. mulus and S. scrofa). Coinfection was a frequent phenomenon in mammals in several co-endemic zones evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Viettri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela; Departamento de Clinico Integral, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela
| | - Leidi Herrera
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Cruz M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET-UC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, San Carlos, Cojedes, Venezuela
| | - Antonio Morocoima
- Centro de Medicina Tropical de Oriente, Universidad de Oriente (UDO) Núcleo Anzoátegui, Barcelona, estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela
| | - Jesús Reyes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela
| | - María Lares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela
| | - Daisy Lozano-Arias
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Roberto García-Alzate
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Tony Chacón
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María D Feliciangeli
- Centro Nacional de Referencia de Flebótomos, BIOMED, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - Elizabeth Ferrer
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela; Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carvalho OMC, Augusto MCC, Medeiros MQ, Lima HMP, Viana Junior AB, Araujo Júnior E, Carvalho FHC. Late umbilical cord clamping does not increase rates of jaundice and the need for phototherapy in pregnancies at normal risk. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:3824-3829. [PMID: 29732948 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1473367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To verify the relationship between the time of clamping of the umbilical cord and the development of neonatal jaundice, the dosage of bilirubin and the need for phototherapy. Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective study with 398 parturients at normal risk (single term gestation, no complications during gestation or delivery, birth weight between 2500 and 4499 g). The population was divided into three groups regarding the time of cord clamping: <1 min(117, 29.4%), between 1 and 3 min(228, 57.3%) and >3 min(53, 13.3%). Sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric characteristics, birth and delivery data, and maternal and perinatal outcomes were evaluated. Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for comparison between the groups. Statistical significance was considered p < .05. Results: The groups were similar in the development of jaundice (p = .370), bilirubin dosage (p = .342) and need for phototherapy (p = .515). Late clamping was more prevalent in vaginal deliveries when compared to cesarean sections (1-3 min: 64 versus 21.4%, >3 min: 16.6 versus 1%) (p < .001). There was no difference in other maternal or perinatal variables. Conclusion: The clamping time of the umbilical cord showed no association with jaundice, bilirubin dosage, or phototherapy needs in neonates at normal risk. The adoption of late clamping was more prevalent in vaginal deliveries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ocília Maria Costa Carvalho
- a Assis Chateaubriand Maternity School , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil.,b Department of Maternal and Child , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil
| | - Matheus Costa Carvalho Augusto
- b Department of Maternal and Child , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil.,c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Fortaleza, Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil
| | - Maxsuênia Queiroz Medeiros
- a Assis Chateaubriand Maternity School , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil.,b Department of Maternal and Child , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil
| | - Hesly Martins Pereira Lima
- a Assis Chateaubriand Maternity School , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil.,b Department of Maternal and Child , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil
| | - Antonio Brazil Viana Junior
- a Assis Chateaubriand Maternity School , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil.,b Department of Maternal and Child , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil
| | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- d Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho
- a Assis Chateaubriand Maternity School , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil.,b Department of Maternal and Child , Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Council of Europe , Fortaleza , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bartsch SM, Peterson JK, Hertenstein DL, Skrip L, Ndeffo-Mbah M, Galvani AP, Dobson AP, Lee BY. Comparison and validation of two computational models of Chagas disease: A thirty year perspective from Venezuela. Epidemics 2017; 18:81-91. [PMID: 28279459 PMCID: PMC5549789 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mathematical models can help aid public health responses to Chagas disease. Models are typically developed to fulfill a particular need, and comparing outputs from different models addressing the same question can help identify the strengths and weaknesses of the models in answering particular questions, such as those for achieving the 2020 goals for Chagas disease. METHODS Using two separately developed models (PHICOR/CIDMA model and Princeton model), we simulated dynamics for domestic transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). We compared how well the models targeted the last 9 years and last 19 years of the 1968-1998 historical seroprevalence data from Venezuela. RESULTS Both models were able to generate the T. cruzi seroprevalence for the next time period within reason to the historical data. The PHICOR/CIDMA model estimates of the total population seroprevalence more closely followed the trends seen in the historic data, while the Princeton model estimates of the age-specific seroprevalence more closely followed historic trends when simulating over 9 years. Additionally, results from both models overestimated T. cruzi seroprevalence among younger age groups, while underestimating the seroprevalence of T. cruzi in older age groups. CONCLUSION The PHICOR/CIDMA and Princeton models differ in level of detail and included features, yet both were able to generate the historical changes in T. cruzi seroprevalence in Venezuela over 9 and 19-year time periods. Our model comparison has demonstrated that different model structures can be useful in evaluating disease transmission dynamics and intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Bartsch
- Public Health Computational and Operations Research (PHICOR), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States; Global Obesity Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins University, United States
| | - Jennifer K Peterson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, United States
| | - Daniel L Hertenstein
- Public Health Computational and Operations Research (PHICOR), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States; Global Obesity Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins University, United States
| | - Laura Skrip
- Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis (CIDMA), Yale School of Public Health, United States
| | - Martial Ndeffo-Mbah
- Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis (CIDMA), Yale School of Public Health, United States
| | - Alison P Galvani
- Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis (CIDMA), Yale School of Public Health, United States
| | - Andrew P Dobson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, United States
| | - Bruce Y Lee
- Public Health Computational and Operations Research (PHICOR), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States; Global Obesity Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins University, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hernández C, Salazar C, Brochero H, Teherán A, Buitrago LS, Vera M, Soto H, Florez-Rivadeneira Z, Ardila S, Parra-Henao G, Ramírez JD. Untangling the transmission dynamics of primary and secondary vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Colombia: parasite infection, feeding sources and discrete typing units. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:620. [PMID: 27903288 PMCID: PMC5131512 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease. Due to its genetic diversity has been classified into six Discrete Typing Units (DTUs) in association with transmission cycles. In Colombia, natural T. cruzi infection has been detected in 15 triatomine species. There is scarce information regarding the infection rates, DTUs and feeding preferences of secondary vectors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine T. cruzi infection rates, parasite DTU, ecotopes, insect stages, geographical location and bug feeding preferences across six different triatomine species. METHODS A total of 245 insects were collected in seven departments of Colombia. We conducted molecular detection and genotyping of T. cruzi with subsequent identification of food sources. The frequency of infection, DTUs, TcI genotypes and feeding sources were plotted across the six species studied. A logistic regression model risk was estimated with insects positive for T. cruzi according to demographic and eco-epidemiological characteristics. RESULTS We collected 85 specimens of Panstrongylus geniculatus, 77 Rhodnius prolixus, 37 R. pallescens, 34 Triatoma maculata, 8 R. pictipes and 4 T. dimidiata. The overall T. cruzi infection rate was 61.2% and presented statistical associations with the departments Meta (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.69-4.17) and Guajira (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.16-3.94); peridomestic ecotope (OR: 2.52: 95% CI: 1.62-3.93); the vector species P. geniculatus (OR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.51-3.82) and T. maculata (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.02-4.29); females (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.39-3.04) and feeding on opossum (OR: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.85-11.69) and human blood (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.07-2.24). Regarding the DTUs, we observed TcI (67.3%), TcII (6.7%), TcIII (8.7%), TcIV (4.0%) and TcV (6.0%). Across the samples typed as TcI, we detected TcIDom (19%) and sylvatic TcI (75%). The frequencies of feeding sources were 59.4% (human blood); 11.2% (hen); 9.6% (bat); 5.6% (opossum); 5.1% (mouse); 4.1% (dog); 3.0% (rodent); 1.0% (armadillo); and 1.0% (cow). CONCLUSIONS New scenarios of T. cruzi transmission caused by secondary and sylvatic vectors are considered. The findings of sylvatic DTUs from bugs collected in domestic and peridomestic ecotopes confirms the emerging transmission scenarios in Colombia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Hernández
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 111221 Colombia
- Estudiante Doctoral, Doctorado Ciencias biomédicas y biológicas, Universidad el Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Camilo Salazar
- Biology Program, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera. 24 No. 63C-69, Bogotá, DC 111221 Colombia
| | - Helena Brochero
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Aníbal Teherán
- Grupo de Investigación COMPLEXUS, Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Mauricio Vera
- Ministerio de Salud y protección Social, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hugo Soto
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia
| | | | - Sussane Ardila
- Grupo de Entomología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Parra-Henao
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 111221 Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schurer JM, Mosites E, Li C, Meschke S, Rabinowitz P. Community-based surveillance of zoonotic parasites in a 'One Health' world: A systematic review. One Health 2016; 2:166-174. [PMID: 28616494 PMCID: PMC5462647 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The One Health (OH) concept provides an integrated framework for observing and improving health issues involving human, animal, and environmental factors, and has been applied in particular to zoonotic disease problems. We conducted a systematic review of English and Chinese language peer-reviewed and grey literature databases to identify zoonotic endoparasite research utilizing an OH approach in community-based settings. Our review identified 32 articles where specimens collected simultaneously from all three OH domains (people, animals, and the environment) were assessed for endoparasite infection or exposure. Study sites spanned 23 countries, and research teams brought together an average of seven authors from two countries. Surveillance of blood-borne and gastrointestinal protozoa were most frequently reported (19 of 32; 59%), followed by trematodes, nematodes, and cestodes. Laboratory techniques varied greatly between studies, and only 16 identified parasites using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in all three OH domains. Our review identified important gaps in parasitology research operating under an OH framework. We recommend that investigators working in the realm of zoonotic disease strive to evaluate all three OH domains by integrating modern molecular tools as well as techniques provided by economists and social scientists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JM Schurer
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon S7N 5B4, Canada
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 Pacific Street, Seattle 98195, United States
- Corresponding author at: 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon S7N 5B4, Canada.52 Campus DriveSaskatoonS7N 5B4Canada
| | - E Mosites
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, P.O. Box 647090, Pullman 99164-7090, United States
| | - C Li
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A & M University, 1010 West Ave B, Kingsville 78363, United States
| | - S Meschke
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 Pacific Street, Seattle 98195, United States
| | - P Rabinowitz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 Pacific Street, Seattle 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ricardo-Silva A, Gonçalves TCM, Luitgards-Moura JF, Lopes CM, da Silva SP, Bastos AQ, Vargas NC, Freitas MRG. Triatoma maculata colonises urban domicilies in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:703-706. [PMID: 27759767 PMCID: PMC5125046 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760160026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During a medical entomology course in Boa Vista, Roraima, colonies of Triatoma maculata closely associated with pigeon nests were observed in concrete air-conditioner box located on the external plastered and cemented walls of a modern brick-built apartment block. In only one eight-hole ceramic brick, located inside one air-conditioner box, 127 specimens of T. maculata were collected. T. maculata is a recognised vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the surrounding area and its domiciliation increases the risk of Chagas disease transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ricardo-Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brasil
| | - Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brasil
| | | | - Catarina Macedo Lopes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brasil
| | | | - Amanda Queiroz Bastos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
Interdisciplinar de Vigilância Entomológica em Diptera e Hemiptera, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brasil
| | | | - Maria-Rosa Goreti Freitas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos
Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bravo-Tobar ID, Nello-Pérez C, Fernández A, Mogollón N, Pérez MC, Verde J, Concepción JL, Rodriguez-Bonfante C, Bonfante-Cabarcas R. ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY AND SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AS PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF CHAGAS DISEASE SEVERITY. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 57:385-92. [PMID: 26603224 PMCID: PMC4660446 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000500003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a public health problem worldwide. The availability of diagnostic tools to predict the development of chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. Here we analyze the prognostic value of adenosine deaminase serum activity (ADA) and C-reactive protein serum levels (CRP) in chagasic individuals. One hundred and ten individuals, 28 healthy and 82 chagasic patients were divided according to disease severity in phase I (n = 35), II (n = 29), and III (n = 18). A complete medical history, 12-lead electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, and M-mode echocardiogram were performed on each individual. Diagnosis of Chagas disease was confirmed by ELISA and MABA using recombinant antigens; ADA was determined spectrophotometrically and CRP by ELISA. The results have shown that CRP and ADA increased linearly in relation to disease phase, CRP being significantly higher in phase III and ADA at all phases. Also, CRP and ADA were positively correlated with echocardiographic parameters of cardiac remodeling and with electrocardiographic abnormalities, and negatively with ejection fraction. CRP and ADA were higher in patients with cardiothoracic index ≥ 50%, while ADA was higher in patients with ventricular repolarization disturbances. Finally, CRP was positively correlated with ADA. In conclusion, ADA and CRP are prognostic markers of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in Chagas disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alí Fernández
- Hospital de Chabasquén, Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud, Chabasquén, Venezuela
| | - Nora Mogollón
- Universidade Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Mary Carmen Pérez
- Universidade Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Juan Verde
- Universidade Centro Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
González-Parra G, Chen-Charpentier BM, Bermúdez M. Modeling Chagas Disease at Population Level to Explain Venezuela's Real Data. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016; 6:288-301. [PMID: 26929912 PMCID: PMC4677493 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this paper we present an age-structured epidemiological model for Chagas disease. This model includes the interactions between human and vector populations that transmit Chagas disease. Methods The human population is divided into age groups since the proportion of infected individuals in this population changes with age as shown by real prevalence data. Moreover, the age-structured model allows more accurate information regarding the prevalence, which can help to design more specific control programs. We apply this proposed model to data from the country of Venezuela for two periods, 1961–1971, and 1961–1991 taking into account real demographic data for these periods. Results Numerical computer simulations are presented to show the suitability of the age-structured model to explain the real data regarding prevalence of Chagas disease in each of the age groups. In addition, a numerical simulation varying the death rate of the vector is done to illustrate prevention and control strategies against Chagas disease. Conclusion The proposed model can be used to determine the effect of control strategies in different age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto González-Parra
- Grupo Matemática Multidisciplinar, Faculdad Ingeniería Universidad de los Andes, Venezuela; Centro de Investigaciones en Matemática Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de los Andes, Venezuela; Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | | | - Moises Bermúdez
- Grupo Matemática Multidisciplinar, Faculdad Ingeniería Universidad de los Andes, Venezuela; Universidad Nacional Experimental Sur de Lago Jesús María Semprum, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Prevalence of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in women of childbearing age in Socotá, Boyacá, 2014. BIOMEDICA 2016; 36:90-6. [PMID: 27622629 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v36i3.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chagas' disease is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. This condition presents epidemiological risk factors associated with socioeconomic conditions and is currently considered an important public health problem. Its presence has been reported in endemic regions at elevations of up to 2,000 meters above sea level. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of anti-T. cruzi antibodies and the possible risk factors associated with this condition in women of childbearing age from the town of Socotá, Boyacá. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of women of childbearing age from Socotá, Boyacá. The samples were analyzed by Chagas ELISA IgG and IgM test and indirect hemagglutination test. A univariate analysis and statistical association of variables were performed. RESULTS A confirmed prevalence of 2/138 (1.4%) was found in this town. Having pets or a history of contact with vectors were possible associated risk factors although without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS From the results obtained in the present study, it is suggested that more active research be carried out for cases of Chagas' disease in non-endemic areas in Colombia that present risk factors for acquiring the disease, even when the environmental conditions and elevation differ from those described in the literature.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ceccarelli S, Rabinovich JE. Global Climate Change Effects on Venezuela's Vulnerability to Chagas Disease is Linked to the Geographic Distribution of Five Triatomine Species. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 52:1333-1343. [PMID: 26336258 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the possible effects of global climate change on the potential geographic distribution in Venezuela of five species of triatomines (Eratyrus mucronatus (Stal, 1859), Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille, 1811), Rhodnius prolixus (Stål, 1859), Rhodnius robustus (Larrousse, 1927), and Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848)), vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. To obtain the future potential geographic distributions, expressed as climatic niche suitability, we modeled the presences of these species using two IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) future emission scenarios of global climate change (A1B and B1), the Global Climate model CSIRO Mark 3.0, and three periods of future projections (years 2020, 2060, and 2080). After estimating with the MaxEnt software the future climatic niche suitability for each species, scenario, and period of future projections, we estimated a series of indexes of Venezuela's vulnerability at the county, state, and country level, measured as the number of people exposed due to the changes in the geographical distribution of the five triatomine species analyzed. Despite that this is not a measure of the risk of Chagas disease transmission, we conclude that possible future effects of global climate change on the Venezuelan population vulnerability show a slightly decreasing trend, even taking into account future population growth; we can expect fewer locations in Venezuela where an average Venezuelan citizen would be exposed to triatomines in the next 50-70 yr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Ceccarelli
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CONICET, CCT- La Plata, UNLP), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jorge E Rabinovich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CONICET, CCT- La Plata, UNLP), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cantillo-Barraza O, Garcés E, Gómez-Palacio A, Cortés LA, Pereira A, Marcet PL, Jansen AM, Triana-Chávez O. Eco-epidemiological study of an endemic Chagas disease region in northern Colombia reveals the importance of Triatoma maculata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), dogs and Didelphis marsupialis in Trypanosoma cruzi maintenance. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:482. [PMID: 26394766 PMCID: PMC4580378 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Colombia, Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata are the main domestic triatomine species known to transmit T. cruzi. However, there are multiple reports of T. cruzi transmission involving secondary vectors. In this work, we carried out an eco-epidemiological study on Margarita Island, located in the Caribbean region of Colombia, where Chagas disease is associated with non-domiciliated vectors. METHODS To understand the transmission dynamics of Trypanosoma cruzi in this area, we designed a comprehensive, multi-faceted study including the following: (i) entomological evaluation through a community-based insect-surveillance campaign, blood meal source determination and T. cruzi infection rate estimation in triatomine insects; (ii) serological determination of T. cruzi prevalence in children under 15 years old, as well as in domestic dogs and synanthropic mammals; (iii) evaluation of T. cruzi transmission capacity in dogs and Didelphis marsupialis, and (iv) genetic characterization of T. cruzi isolates targeting spliced-leader intergene region (SL-IR) genotypes. RESULTS Out of the 124 triatomines collected, 94% were Triatoma maculata, and 71.6% of them were infected with T. cruzi. Blood-meal source analysis showed that T. maculata feeds on multiple hosts, including humans and domestic dogs. Serological analysis indicated 2 of 803 children were infected, representing a prevalence of 0.25%. The prevalence in domestic dogs was 71.6% (171/224). Domestic dogs might not be competent reservoir hosts, as inferred from negative T. cruzi xenodiagnosis and haemoculture tests. However, 61.5% (8/13) of D. marsupialis, the most abundant synanthropic mammal captured, were T. cruzi-positive on xenodiagnosis and haemocultures. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the role of peridomestic T. maculata and dogs in T. cruzi persistence in this region and presents evidence that D. marsupialis are a reservoir mediating peridomestic-zoonotic cycles. This picture reflects the complexity of the transmission dynamics of T. cruzi in an endemic area with non-domiciliated vectors where active human infection exists. There is an ongoing need to control peridomestic T. maculata populations and to implement continuous reservoir surveillance strategies with community participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edilson Garcés
- Grupo BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Andrés Gómez-Palacio
- Grupo BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Luis A Cortés
- Unidad de Entomología Médica, Secretaría de Salud del Departamento de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia.
| | - André Pereira
- Laboratory of Trypanosomatid Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brazil 4365, CEP 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Paula L Marcet
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Entomology Branch, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Ana M Jansen
- Laboratory of Trypanosomatid Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brazil 4365, CEP 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Omar Triana-Chávez
- Grupo BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gómez-Melendro EN, Hernández C, González-Uribe C, Brochero H. First Record of Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatomini) in the Municipality of Riohacha, La Guajira - Colombia. Front Public Health 2014; 2:219. [PMID: 25426481 PMCID: PMC4226149 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge of vector insect species, their habitat, and geographical distribution is crucial for determining the risk of transmission of the etiological agents that cause disease in humans, which allows defining strategies for prevention, surveillance, and control in line with the characteristics of each area. Objective: To determine the presence and public health importance of vectors of Chagas disease in the indigenous settlements of Marbacella and El Horno of the Wayúu ethnic group in the municipality of Riohacha, La Guajira, Colombia. Materials and Methods: From active search, installation and inspection of biosensors, and occasional catches, Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatomini were collected intra and in the peridomicile housing of the indigenous settlements of El Horno and Marbacella of the Wayúu ethnic group. Indices of intra and peridomestic infestation, colonization, density, dispersion, and natural infection with Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 were calculated. Results: 79.6% (n = 90) of the specimens were collected in the peridomicile and 20.3% (n = 23) in the intradomicile, all corresponding to Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848). The natural infection indices with T. cruzi accounted for 43.5% for Marbacella and 36% for El Horno. Conclusion: This is the first reported capture of individuals of T. maculata, considered a secondary vector of Chagas disease in Colombia, naturally infected with T. cruzi in the municipality of Riohacha expanding the geographical distribution of the species in the department of La Guajira.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith Natalia Gómez-Melendro
- Programa ECOSALUD ETV Colombia, Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Salud (CEIS), Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Red Chagas Colombia, Grupo Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Salud , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Catalina González-Uribe
- Programa ECOSALUD ETV Colombia, Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Salud (CEIS), Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Helena Brochero
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogotá , Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
García-Alzate R, Lozano-Arias D, Reyes-Lugo RM, Morocoima A, Herrera L, Mendoza-León A. Triatoma maculata, the Vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, in Venezuela. Phenotypic and Genotypic Variability as Potential Indicator of Vector Displacement into the Domestic Habitat. Front Public Health 2014; 2:170. [PMID: 25325053 PMCID: PMC4179684 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatoma maculata is a wild vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease; its incursion in the domestic habitat is scant. In order to establish the possible domestic habitat of T. maculata, we evaluated wing variability and polymorphism of genotypic markers in subpopulations of T. maculata that live in different habitats in Venezuela. As markers, we used the mtCyt b gene, previously apply to evaluate population genetic structure in triatomine species, and the β-tubulin gene region, a marker employed to study genetic variability in Leishmania subgenera. Adults of T. maculata were captured in the period 2012-2013 at domestic, peridomestic (PD), and wild areas of towns in the Venezuelan states of Anzoátegui, Bolívar, Portuguesa, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, and Sucre. The phenotypic analysis was conducted through the determination of the isometric size and conformation of the left wing of each insect (492 individuals), using the MorphoJ program. Results reveal that insects of the domestic habitat showed significant reductions in wing size and variations in anatomical characteristics associated with flying, in relation to the PD and wild habitats. The largest variability was found in Anzoátegui and Monagas. The genotypic variability was assessed by in silico sequence comparison of the molecular markers and PCR-RFLP assays, demonstrating a marked polymorphism for the markers in insects of the domestic habitat in comparison with the other habitats. The highest polymorphism was found for the β-tubulin marker with enzymes BamHI and KpnI. Additionally, the infection rate by T. cruzi was higher in Monagas and Sucre (26.8 and 37.0%, respectively), while in domestic habitats the infestation rate was highest in Anzoátegui (22.3%). Results suggest domestic habitat colonization by T. maculata that in epidemiological terms, coupled with the presence in this habitat of nymphs of the vector, represents a high risk of transmission of Chagas disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto García-Alzate
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biología Experimental (IBE), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela ; Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Zoología & Ecología Tropical (IZET), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela
| | - Daisy Lozano-Arias
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biología Experimental (IBE), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela ; Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Zoología & Ecología Tropical (IZET), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela
| | - Rafael Matías Reyes-Lugo
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela
| | - Antonio Morocoima
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT), Universidad de Oriente , Cumana , Venezuela
| | - Leidi Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Zoología & Ecología Tropical (IZET), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela
| | - Alexis Mendoza-León
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biología Experimental (IBE), Universidad Central de Venezuela , Caracas , Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cantillo-Barraza O, Chaverra D, Marcet P, Arboleda-Sánchez S, Triana-Chávez O. Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in a Colombian Caribbean region suggests that secondary vectors play an important epidemiological role. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:381. [PMID: 25141852 PMCID: PMC4261283 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colombia, as part of The Andean Countries Initiative has given priority to triatomine control programs to eliminate primary (domiciliated) vector species such as Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata. However, recent events of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in localities where R. prolixus and T. dimidiata are not present suggest that other species are involved in the T. cruzi transmission cycle. Methods We studied T. cruzi transmission on Margarita Island, located on the Magdalena River in the Colombian Caribbean region, where a high number of non-domiciliated triatomines infected with T. cruzi inside human dwellings have been observed. A cross-sectional survey including serological studies in humans and parasitological and molecular methods in vectors and reservoirs was conducted. We investigated risk factors for human infection and house infestation, and evaluated the association between abundance of wild triatomines in palm trees (Attalea butyracea) across municipalities, seasons and anthropogenic land use. Results The T. cruzi seroprevalence rate in humans was 1.7% (13/743) and autochthonous active T. cruzi transmission was detected. The infection risk was associated with the capture of triatomines in human dwellings. Five wild mammal species were infected with T. cruzi, where Didelphis marsupialis was the main reservoir host with an 86.3% (19/22) infection rate. TcIb was the only genotype present among vectors. Triatomine abundance was significantly higher in Ecosystem 2, as well as in the dry season. Despite the absence of triatomine domiciliation in this area, T. cruzi active transmission was registered with a human seroprevalence rate similar to that reported in areas with domesticated R. prolixus. Conclusions This study illustrates the importance of secondary and household invading triatomines in Chagas disease epidemiology in the Caribbean lowlands of Colombia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Omar Triana-Chávez
- Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas (BCEI), Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nouvellet P, Dumonteil E, Gourbière S. The improbable transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi to human: the missing link in the dynamics and control of Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2505. [PMID: 24244766 PMCID: PMC3820721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease has a major impact on human health in Latin America and is becoming of global concern due to international migrations. Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of the disease, is one of the rare human parasites transmitted by the feces of its vector, as it is unable to reach the salivary gland of the insect. This stercorarian transmission is notoriously poorly understood, despite its crucial role in the ecology and evolution of the pathogen and the disease. The objective of this study was to quantify the probability of T. cruzi vectorial transmission to humans, and to use such an estimate to predict human prevalence from entomological data. We developed several models of T. cruzi transmission to estimate the probability of transmission from vector to host. Using datasets from the literature, we estimated the probability of transmission per contact with an infected triatomine to be 5.8 × 10(-4) (95%CI: [2.6 ; 11.0] × 10(-4)). This estimate was consistent across triatomine species, robust to variations in other parameters, and corresponded to 900-4,000 contacts per case. Our models subsequently allowed predicting human prevalence from vector abundance and infection rate in 7/10 independent datasets covering various triatomine species and epidemiological situations. This low probability of T. cruzi transmission reflected well the complex and unlikely mechanism of transmission via insect feces, and allowed predicting human prevalence from basic entomological data. Although a proof of principle study would now be valuable to validate our models' predictive ability in an even broader range of entomological and ecological settings, our quantitative estimate could allow switching the evaluation of disease risk and vector control program from purely entomological indexes to parasitological measures, as commonly done for other major vector borne diseases. This might lead to different quantitative perspectives as these indexes are well known not to be proportional one to another.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Nouvellet
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico ; EA 4218 UPVD 'Institut de Modélisation et d'Analyses en Géo-Environnement et Santé', Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France ; Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in an Indigenous Kariña Community in Eastern Venezuela. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/138259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in an indigenous Kariña population in eastern Venezuela. A total of 175 serum samples were collected in the community of Piñantal during February 2009. Interviews targeting socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with the T. cruzi transmission were also conducted. Samples were evaluated using trypomastigote excreted/secreted antigens (TESAs) in an ELISA format. TESA-ELISA positive samples were confirmed by indirect haemagglutination (HAI) (Wiener). A nonsystematic collection of vectors was also undertaken. T. cruzi seroprevalence was 7.43% according to both assays, and the mean age of infected patients was 48.61±10.40 years (range 34 to 73 years). The vector infection rate was 20.00% (2/10). T. cruzi seropositivity was associated with a history of triatomine bites, the ability to recognize the vector and poor knowledge about Chagas disease, but no associations were found with gender, house type, knowledge of how the disease is transmitted, or the presence of vectors or animals inside dwellings. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the seroprevalence of T. cruzi in an indigenous population in eastern Venezuela. All of the epidemiological variables required for the establishment of active vectorial transmission of T. cruzi were present in this community.
Collapse
|
23
|
Saldaña A, Pineda V, Martinez I, Santamaria G, Santamaria AM, Miranda A, Calzada JE. A new endemic focus of Chagas disease in the northern region of Veraguas Province, Western Half Panama, Central America. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34657. [PMID: 22558095 PMCID: PMC3338824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease was originally reported in Panama in 1931. Currently, the best knowledge of this zoonosis is restricted to studies done in historically endemic regions. However, little is known about the distribution and epidemiology of Chagas disease in other rural areas of the country. METHODS AND FINDINGS A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out between May 2005 - July 2008 in four rural communities of the Santa Fe District, Veraguas Province. The study included an entomologic search to collect triatomines, bloodmeal type identification and infection rate with trypanosomes in collected vectors using a dot- blot and PCR analysis, genotyping of circulating Trypanosoma cruzi (mini-exon gene PCR analysis) and the detection of chagasic antibodies among inhabitants. The vector Rhodnius pallescens was more frequently found in La Culaca and El Pantano communities (788 specimens), where it was a sporadic household visitor. These triatomines presented darker coloration and larger sizescompared with typical specimens collected in Central Panama. Triatoma dimidiata was more common in Sabaneta de El Macho (162 specimens). In one small sub-region (El Macho), 60% of the houses were colonized by this vector. Of the examined R. pallescens, 54.7.0% (88/161) had fed on Didelphis marsupialis, and 24.6% (34/138) of T. dimidiata specimens collected inside houses were positive for human blood. R. pallescens presented an infection index with T. cruzi of 17.7% (24/136), with T. rangeli of 12.5% (17/136) and 50.7% (69/136) were mixed infections. In 117 T. dimidiata domestic specimens the infection index with T. cruzi was 21.4%. Lineage I of T. cruzi was confirmed circulating in these vectors. A T. cruzi infection seroprevalence of 2.3% (24/1,056) was found in this population. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of Chagas disease endemicity in Santa Fe District, and it should be considered a neglected public health problem in this area of Panama.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azael Saldaña
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Vanessa Pineda
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Inri Martinez
- Centro de Salud de Santa Fe, Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Santiago, Veraguas, Panama
| | - Giovanna Santamaria
- Hospital Dr. Luis Fabrega, Ministerio de Salud de Panamá (MINSA), Santiago, Veraguas, Panama
| | - Ana Maria Santamaria
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Aracelis Miranda
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
| | - Jose E. Calzada
- Sección de Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City, Panama
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bonfante-Cabarcas R, Rodríguez-Bonfante C, Vielma BO, García D, Saldivia AM, Aldana E, Curvelo JLC. [Seroprevalence for Trypanosoma cruzi infection and associated factors in an endemic area of Venezuela]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2012; 27:1917-29. [PMID: 22031196 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2011001000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated risk factors associated with positive serological status for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in 26 rural communities including 905 households, 2,156 humans, and 333 dogs in Lara State, Venezuela. Serology was performed with ELISA and MABA. Data were obtained from entomological, demographic, and clinical surveys. Risk factors were determined through binary logistic regression. Seroprevalence was 7.24% in humans and 6.9% in canines. Positive serological status was positively associated with the Rhodnius prolixus vector, age, maternal history of Chagas disease, tobacco chewing, presence of mammals and birds in the household, household disarray, mud-and-wattle outbuildings, and animal nests and burrows in the peridomicile, and negatively associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption, history of cancer, and storage deposits in the peridomile. In conclusion, Chagas disease in this rural area is an old phenomenon transmitted by R. prolixus or by the transplacental route, associated with socio-cultural habits related to poverty, sylvatic surroundings, and the host's medical history.
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Evaluación de la estructura espacial de Triatoma maculata del centro-occidente de Venezuela y su viabilidad alimentado con sangre humana en condiciones de laboratorio. BIOMEDICA 2010. [DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v30i1.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|