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Fernandes KA, Fadul JC, Fiore MF, Pinto E. A systematic review on guanitoxin: General characteristics and ecological risks. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141277. [PMID: 38307340 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Guanitoxin (GNT) is a potent cyanotoxin, with a relatively low number of publications (n = 51) compared to other cyanotoxins. Among the published studies, 35 % were on the effect of the toxin in animals, mainly in rodents and in vitro testing, followed by studies that identified species of cyanobacteria that produce GNT in aquatic systems and consequently accidental poisoning in wild and domestic animals (27 %). Studies that developed or tested methods for identifying the molecule, based on colorimetric and analytical techniques, represented 14 %, while 8 % were on GNT biosynthesis. Review articles and chemical isolation (6 %) and on the stability of the molecule (4 %) were the topics with the lowest number of publications. The results show the occurrence of GNT was identified mainly in eutrophic environments with a higher incidence in the American continent. Chemical characteristics of the molecule, such as short half-life in the environment, instability in solutions with alkaline pH values, temperature >23 °C, added to the lack of an analytical standard, are factors that make it difficult to identify and quantify it. However, GNT monitoring can be performed using LC-MS-MRM methods or genes specific to the newly discovered molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Afonsina Fernandes
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Chaves Fadul
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marli Fátima Fiore
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fernandes KA, Ferraz HG, Vereau F, Pinto E. Availability of Guanitoxin in Water Samples Containing Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae Cells Submitted to Dissolution Tests. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110402. [PMID: 33227987 PMCID: PMC7699232 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanitoxin (GNT) is a potent neurotoxin produced by freshwater cyanobacteria that can cause the deaths of wild and domestic animals. Through reports of animal intoxication by cyanobacteria cells that produce GNT, this study aimed to investigate the bio-accessibility of GNT in simulated solutions of the gastrointestinal content in order to understand the process of toxicosis promoted by GNT in vivo. Dissolution tests were conducted with a mixture of Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae (Cyanobacteria; Nostocales) cultures (30%) and gastrointestinal solutions with and without proteolytic enzymes (70%) at a temperature of 37 °C and rotation at 100 rpm for 2 h. The identification of GNT was performed by LC-QqQ-MS/MS through the transitions [M + H]+m/z 253 > 58 and [M + H]+m/z 253 > 159, which showed high concentrations of GNT in simulated gastric fluid solutions (p-value < 0.001) in comparison to simulated solutions of intestinal content. The gastric solution with pepsin promoted the stability of GNT (p-value < 0.05) compared to the simulated solution of gastric fluid at the same pH without the enzyme. However, the results showed that GNT is also available in intestinal fluids for a period of 2 h, and solutions containing the pancreatin enzyme influenced the bio-accessibility of the toxin more compared to the intestinal medium without enzyme (p-value < 0.05). Therefore, the bio-accessibility of the toxin must be considered both in the stomach and in the intestine, and may help in the diagnosis and prediction of exposure and risk in vivo through the oral ingestion of GNT-producing cyanobacteria cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Afonsina Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Humberto Gomes Ferraz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (H.G.F.); (E.P.)
| | - Fanny Vereau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
- Centre of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Centenário, 303, Piracicaba CEP 13416-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (H.G.F.); (E.P.)
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Leal A, Karnopp E, Barreto YC, Oliveira RS, Rosa ME, Borges BT, Goulart FL, de Souza VQ, Laikowski MM, Moura S, Vinadé L, da Rocha JBT, Dal Belo CA. The Insecticidal Activity of Rhinella schneideri (Werner, 1894) Paratoid Secretion in Nauphoeta cinerea Cocroaches. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12100630. [PMID: 33019552 PMCID: PMC7601029 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinella schneideri is a common toad found in South America, whose paratoid toxic secretion has never been explored as an insecticide. In order to evaluate its insecticidal potential, Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches were used as an experimental model in biochemical, physiological and behavioral procedures. Lethality assays with Rhinella schneideri paratoid secretion (RSPS) determined the LD50 value after 24 h (58.07µg/g) and 48 h exposure (44.07 µg/g) (R2 = 0.882 and 0.954, respectively). Acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) after RSPS at its highest dose promoted an enzyme inhibition of 40%, a similar effect observed with neostigmine administration (p < 0.001, n= 5). Insect locomotion recordings revealed that RSPS decreased the distance traveled by up to 37% with a concomitant 85% increase in immobile episodes (p < 0.001, n = 36). RSPS added to in vivo cockroach semi-isolated heart preparation promoted an irreversible and dose dependent decrease in heart rate, showing a complete failure after 30 min recording (p < 0.001, n ≥ 6). In addition, RSPS into nerve-muscle preparations induced a dose-dependent neuromuscular blockade, reaching a total blockage at 70 min at the highest dose applied (p < 0.001, n ≥ 6). The effect of RSPS on spontaneous sensorial action potentials was characterized by an increase in the number of spikes 61% (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, there was 42% decrease in the mean area of those potentials (p < 0.05, n ≥ 6). The results obtained here highlight the potential insecticidal relevance of RSPS and its potential biotechnological application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Leal
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica (PPGBTox), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Etiely Karnopp
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Yuri Correia Barreto
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Raquel Soares Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Maria Eduarda Rosa
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Bruna Trindade Borges
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Flávia Luana Goulart
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Velci Queiróz de Souza
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Manuela Merlin Laikowski
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul RS 95070-560, Brazil; (M.M.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul RS 95070-560, Brazil; (M.M.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Lúcia Vinadé
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica (PPGBTox), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Cháriston André Dal Belo
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia, LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel RS 97307-020, Brazil; (A.L.); (E.K.); (Y.C.B.); (R.S.O.); (M.E.R.); (B.T.B.); (F.L.G.); (V.Q.d.S.); (L.V.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica (PPGBTox), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria RS 97105-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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Holken Lorensi G, Soares Oliveira R, Leal AP, Zanatta AP, Moreira de Almeida CG, Barreto YC, Eduarda Rosa M, de Brum Vieira P, Brito Ramos CJ, de Carvalho Victoria F, Batista Pereira A, LaneuvilleTeixeira V, Dal Belo CA. Entomotoxic Activity of Prasiola crispa (Antarctic Algae) in Nauphoeta cinerea Cockroaches: Identification of Main Steroidal Compounds. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17100573. [PMID: 31658661 PMCID: PMC6835979 DOI: 10.3390/md17100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prasiola crispa is a macroscopic green algae found in abundance in Antarctica ice free areas. Prasiola crispan-hexaneextract (HPC) induced insecticidal activity in Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches after 24 h of exposure. The chemical analysis of HPC revealed the presence of the followingphytosterols: β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. The incubation of cockroach semi-isolated heart preparations with HPC caused a significant negative chronotropic activity in the heartbeats. HPC affected the insect neuromuscular function by inducing a complete inhibition of the cockroach leg-muscle twitch tension. When the isolated phytosterols were injected at in vivo cockroach neuromuscular preparations, there was a progressive inhibition of muscle twitches on the following order of potency: β-sitosterol > campesterol > stigmasterol. HPC also provoked significant behavioral alterations, characterized by the increase or decrease of cockroach grooming activity, depending on the dose assayed. Altogether, the results presented here corroborate the insecticide potential of Prasiola crispa Antarctic algae. They also revealed the presence of phytosterols and the involvement of these steroidal compounds in the entomotoxic activity of the algae, potentially by modulating octopaminergic-cholinergic pathways. Further phytochemical-combined bioguided analysis of the HPC will unveil novel bioactive compounds that might be an accessory to the insecticide activity of the algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Holken Lorensi
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Soares Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Allan P Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, PPGBtox, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 9705-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Zanatta
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
| | | | - Yuri Correia Barreto
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Maria Eduarda Rosa
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia de Brum Vieira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Estresse Oxidativo e Sinalização Celular, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Carlos José Brito Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-255, Brazil.
| | - Filipe de Carvalho Victoria
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Batista Pereira
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul 97307-020, Brazil.
| | - Valéria LaneuvilleTeixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Centro, Niterói, RJ 24020-141, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-255, Brazil.
| | - Cháriston André Dal Belo
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Toxinologia (LANETOX),Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS 97307-020, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, PPGBtox, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 9705-900, Brazil.
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Dos Santos DS, Rosa ME, Zanatta AP, Oliveira RS, de Almeida CGM, Leal AP, Sanz M, Fernandes KA, de Souza VQ, de Assis DR, Pinto E, Belo CAD. Neurotoxic effects of sublethal concentrations of cyanobacterial extract containing anatoxin-a(s) on Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:138-145. [PMID: 30599431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The detection of cyanotoxins, such as the anatoxin-a(s), is essential to ensure the biological safety of water environments. Here, we propose the use of Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches as an alternative biological model for the biomonitoring of the activity of anatoxin-a(s) in aquatic systems. In order to validate our proposed model, we compared the effects of a cyanobacterial extract containing anatoxin-a(s) (CECA) with those of the organophosphate trichlorfon (Tn) on biochemical and physiological parameters of the nervous system of Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches. In brain homogenates from cockroaches, CECA (5 and 50 μg/g) inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by 53 ± 2% and 51 ± 7%, respectively, while Tn (5 and 50 μg/g) inhibited AChE activity by 35 ± 4% and 80 ± 9%, respectively (p < 0.05; n = 6). Moreover, CECA at concentrations of 5, 25, and 50 µg/g decreased the locomotor activity of the cockroaches, diminishing the distance travelled and increasing the frequency and duration of immobile episodes similarly to Tn (0.3 μg/g) (p < 0.05, n = 40, respectively). CECA (5, 25 and 50 μg/g) induced an increase in the leg grooming behavior, but not in the movement of antennae, similarly to the effect of Tn (0.3 μg/g). In addition, both CECA (50 µg/200 μl) and Tn (0.3 µg/200 μl) induced a negative chronotropism in the insect heart (37 ± 1 and 47 ± 8 beats/min in 30 min, respectively) (n = 9, p > 0.05). Finally, CECA (50 µg/g), Tn (0.3 µg/g) and neostigmine (50 µg/g) caused significant neuromuscular failure, as indicated by the monitoring of the in vivo neuromuscular function of the cockroaches, during 100 min (n = 6, p < 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, sublethal doses of CECA provoked entomotoxicity. The Tn-like effects of CECA on Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches encompass both the central and peripheral nervous systems in our insect model. The inhibitory activity of CECA on AChE boosts a cascade of signaling events involving octopaminergic/dopaminergic neurotransmission. Therefore, this study indicates that this insect model could potentially be used as a powerful, practical, and inexpensive tool to understand the impacts of eutrophication and for orientating decontamination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Silva Dos Santos
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, (PPGBTox), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Instituto do Cérebro (INSCER), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Rosa
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Zanatta
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Soares Oliveira
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Gabriel Moreira de Almeida
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Instituto do Cérebro (INSCER), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Allan Pinto Leal
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Miriam Sanz
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | | | - Velci Queiroz de Souza
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Denis Reis de Assis
- Inserm U1253 "Imaging and Brain", Team Neurogenomics and Neuronal physiopathology, University of Tours, Faculty of Medicine, 10 Bd Tonnellé, 37032 Tours Cedex 1, France
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Cháriston André Dal Belo
- LANETOX, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Av. Antônio Trilha 1847, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, (PPGBTox), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Instituto do Cérebro (INSCER), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Dos Santos DS, Zanatta AP, Martinelli AHS, Rosa ME, de Oliveira RS, Pinto PM, Peigneur S, Tytgat J, Orchard I, Lange AB, Carlini CR, Dal Belo CA. Jaburetox, a natural insecticide derived from Jack Bean Urease, activates voltage-gated sodium channels to modulate insect behavior. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 153:67-76. [PMID: 30744898 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Jaburetox (Jbtx) is an insecticidal peptide derived from Canavalia ensiformis urease, whose mechanism of action is not completely elucidated. We employed behavioral, electromyographical and electrophysiological protocols to identify the cellular and molecular targets involved in the Jbtx entomotoxicity in cockroaches and locusts. In Nauphoeta cinerea, Jbtx (32 μg/g) altered the locomotory behaviour inducing a significative decrease in the distance travelled followed by a significant increase in stopped time (52 ± 85 cm and 2573 ± 89 s, p < .05, n = 40). Jbtx (8 to 32 μg/g body weight, respectively) also increased the leg and antennae grooming activities (p < .05, n = 40, respectively). Jbtx (8 to 16 μg/g) induced a maximum neuromuscular blockade of 80.72% (n = 6, p < .05) and was cardiotoxic, decreasing the cockroach heart rate. The electrophysiological profiles of both muscle and nerve of L. migratoria showed that Jbtx (2.5 × 10-7 and 2.5 × 10-3 μg/ body weight) induced a significant increase in the amplitude of nerve action potentials (n = 5, p < .05). Voltage clamp analysis of Jbtx (200 nM) applied in Xenopus laevis oocytes heterologously expressed with Nav 1.1 channels showed a significant increase in the sodium currents. In conclusion, this work revealed that the entomotoxic activity of Jbtx involves complex behavioral alterations that begins with an initial activation of voltage-gated sodium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Silva Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemical Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; University of Toronto Mississauga-UTM, Department of Biology. Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Paula Zanatta
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pampa-UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Anne Helene Souza Martinelli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Rosa
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pampa-UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Soares de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pampa-UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; University of Toronto Mississauga-UTM, Department of Biology. Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Paulo Marcos Pinto
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pampa-UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil; Toxicology and Pharmacology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ian Orchard
- University of Toronto Mississauga-UTM, Department of Biology. Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Angela B Lange
- University of Toronto Mississauga-UTM, Department of Biology. Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Celia R Carlini
- Laboratory of Neurotoxins, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, InsCer, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cháriston A Dal Belo
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemical Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pampa-UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil.
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7
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Carrazoni T, de Avila Heberle M, Perin APA, Zanatta AP, Rodrigues PV, dos Santos FDM, de Almeida CGM, Vaz Breda R, dos Santos DS, Pinto PM, da Costa JC, Carlini CR, Dal Belo CA. Central and peripheral neurotoxicity induced by the Jack Bean Urease (JBU) in Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches. Toxicology 2016; 368-369:162-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Growth and microcystin production of a Brazilian Microcystis aeruginosa strain (LTPNA 02) under different nutrient conditions. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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