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Spínello P, do Nascimento P, da Silveira VC, Staudt T, Omidian H, Tissiani AC, Bertol CD. In Vitro Development of Enteric-Coated Tablets of the Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum LF-G89: A Possible Approach to Intestinal Colonization. RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY AND FORMULATION 2024; 18:131-137. [PMID: 38661037 DOI: 10.2174/0126673878286133240418114629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics must be able to withstand the demanding environment of the gastrointestinal system to adhere to the intestinal epithelium, promoting health benefits. The use of probiotics can prevent or attenuate the effects of dysbiosis that have a deleterious effect on health, promoting anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to prepare tablets containing Lactobacillus fermentum LF-G89 coated with 20% Acryl-Eze II® or Opadry® enteric polymers. METHODS Tablet dissolution was evaluated under acidic and basic pH conditions, and aliquots of the dissolution medium were plated to count the Colony-forming Units (CFU). The free probiotic's tolerance to pH levels of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0, as well as to pepsin, pancreatin, and bile salts, was assessed. RESULTS The probiotic was released from tablets coated after they withstood the pH 1.2 acid stage for 45 minutes. The release was higher with the Acry-Eze II® polymer in the basic stage. The amount of CFU of free probiotics at pH 1.0 to 4.0 as well as pepsin reduced over time, indicating cell death. Conversely, the CFU over time with pancreatin and bile salts increased, demonstrating the resistance of L. fermentum to these conditions due to hydrolases. CONCLUSION Both coating polymers were able to withstand the acid step, likely ensuring the release of the probiotic in the small intestine, promoting colonization. Coating with enteric material is a simple and effective process to increase the survival of probiotics, offering a promising alternative to mitigate the negative effects of the dysbiosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Spínello
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate Program in Human Aging, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo/ RS/ Brazil
| | - Pamela do Nascimento
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate Program in Human Aging, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo/ RS/ Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Staudt
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate Program in Human Aging, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo/ RS/ Brazil
| | - Hamid Omidian
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, FL 33328, USA
| | - Ana Caroline Tissiani
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate Program in Human Aging, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo/ RS/ Brazil
| | - Charise Dallazem Bertol
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate Program in Human Aging, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo/ RS/ Brazil
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Arafat M, Sakkal M, Bostanudin MF, Alhanbali OA, Yuvaraju P, Beiram R, Sadek B, Akour A, AbuRuz S. Enteric-coating film effect on the delayed drug release of pantoprazole gastro-resistant generic tablets. F1000Res 2023; 12:1325. [PMID: 38596002 PMCID: PMC11002526 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.140607.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Enteric coating films in acidic labile tablets protect the drug molecule from the acidic environment of the stomach. However, variations in the excipients used in the coating formulation may affect their ability to provide adequate protection. This study is the first to investigate the potential effects of coating materials on the protective functionality of enteric coating films for pantoprazole (PNZ) generic tablets after their recall from the market. Methods: A comparative analysis was conducted between generic and branded PNZ products, using pure drug powder for identification. The in vitro release of the drug was evaluated in different pH media. The study also utilized various analytical and thermal techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and confocal Raman microscopy. Results: The in vitro assessment results revealed significant variations in the release profile for the generic product in acidic media at 120 min. DSC and TGA thermal profile analyses showed slight variation between the two products. XRD analysis exhibited a noticeable difference in peak intensity for the generic sample, while SEM revealed smaller particle sizes in the generic product. The obtained spectra profile for the generic product displayed significant variation in peaks and band intensity, possibly due to impurities. These findings suggest that the excipients used in the enteric coating film of the generic product may have affected its protective functionality, leading to premature drug release in acidic media. Additionally, the presence of polysorbate 80 (P-80) in the brand product might improve the properties of the enteric coating film due to its multi-functionality. Conclusions: In conclusion, the excipients used in the brand product demonstrated superior functionality in effectively protecting the drug molecule from acidic media through the enteric coating film, as compared to the generic version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosab Arafat
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Molham Sakkal
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Othman Abdulrahim Alhanbali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestinian Territory
| | - Priya Yuvaraju
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rami Beiram
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Akour
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salahdein AbuRuz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Amman Governorate, 11942, Jordan
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Tablet of Spondias mombin L. Developed from Nebulized Extract Prevents Gastric Ulcers in Mice via Cytoprotective and Antisecretory Effects. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061581. [PMID: 33809398 PMCID: PMC8001497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) has a worldwide distribution and is present in all regions of Brazil. Its leaves, flowers and bark are used as teas in folk medicine to treat diseases of the digestive system. This study aimed to evaluate the acute non-clinical toxicity, gastroprotective activity, and the related mechanisms of action of nebulized extract and tablets based on dried Spondias mombin (SmNE). SmNE screening showed the presence of flavonoids (0.65%), polyphenols (25.50%), where the major compound is gallic acid. In the acute oral toxicity assay, a dose of 2000 mg/kg of SmNE administered orally in Swiss mice did not induce any behavioral changes. SmNE (250 or 500 mg/kg p.o) significantly reduced the ulcerative lesion area when compared to the control group in ethanol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) models. Results showed that treatment with SmNE (250 mg/kg) reduced acid secretion and gastric content, accompanied with an increase in pH. Previous administration of indomethacin and glibenclamide reversed the protection provided by SmNE, confirming the participation of prostaglandins (PGs) and ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in its gastroprotective effect. The SmNE tablets met the pharmacopeial quality requirements with gastroprotective activity and similar protection in comparison to the isolated extract administrated. In conclusion, SmNe has a gastroprotective activity related to cytoprotective mechanisms, such as the participation of endogenous prostaglandins and KATP channels, having an anti-secretory effect with systemic action. The formulation obtained presented gastroprotective effects similar to the administration of the extract, the tablets showed favorable compression characteristics by the direct route and met the pharmacopeial quality requirements.
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Barros PD, Dias IFT, Zanin GD, Bunhak ÉJ. Development and evaluation of dapsone tablets coated for specific colon release. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:246-252. [PMID: 31951762 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1716375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Drug release systems based on colonic microbiota have been explored with the use of polysaccharides, which are biodegradable. In order to modulate the release into the colon, dapsone tablets were developed, coated with Surelease® and chondroitin sulfate (SC).Methods: The formulation was developed using the wet granulation method, in the form of 9-millimetre circular tablets. The coating was applied in a perforated basin-type coating using different proportions of Surelease® and chondroitin sulfate. The tablets were assessed according to the criteria of mean weight, hardness, and friability. The dissolution test was performed in the dissolver IV apparatus, in media simulating the gastrointestinal system environments (pH 1.2-pH 6.0 and pH 7.2) for 420 min. The results were analyzed by statistical analysis and factorial design.Results: The results of mean weight, hardness, and friability met the pharmacopeial specifications. In the dissolution test, the results obtained demonstrated that Surelease® is able to offer effective protection to the drug, releasing minimum rates when used at 6% or 10% of the tablet's weight gain. The experiments showed that the drug was not able to spread through the coatings manufactured exclusively with Surelease® or even when SC was incorporated in different proportions. Only in the formulation where SC was included in the highest proportion (10%), and the weight gain of the tablet was lower (6%), the release of dapsone increased, reaching 9.5% of drug released. Through factorial planning, it was observed that the drug release rate increases when the weight gain of the tablet remains at the lower level (6%), while the amount of polysaccharide is increased (90:10).Conclusions: The data indicate that the proportion of polysaccharide for ethyl cellulose in the film and the thickness of the coating are the key parameters in controlling the release of the drug from the system.
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pH-Dependent Site Specific Dissolution Improvement by Expansion Isolation Layers in Erythromycin Enteric Coated Tablets. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Li Q, Guan X, Cui M, Zhu Z, Chen K, Wen H, Jia D, Hou J, Xu W, Yang X, Pan W. Preparation and investigation of novel gastro-floating tablets with 3D extrusion-based printing. Int J Pharm 2017; 535:325-332. [PMID: 29051121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) extrusion-based printing is a paste-based rapid prototyping process, which is capable of building complex 3D structures. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of 3D extrusion-based printing as a pharmaceutical manufacture technique for the fabrication of gastro-floating tablets. Novel low-density lattice internal structure gastro-floating tablets of dipyridamole were developed to prolong the gastric residence time in order to improve drug release rate and consequently, improve bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Excipients commonly employed in the pharmaceutical study could be efficiently applied in the room temperature 3D extrusion-based printing process. The tablets were designed with three kinds of infill percentage and prepared by hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E15) as hydrophilic matrices and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC PH101) as extrusion molding agent. In vitro evaluation of the 3D printed gastro-floating tablets was performed by determining mechanical properties, content uniformity, and weight variation. Furthermore, re-floating ability, floating duration time, and drug release behavior were also evaluated. Dissolution profiles revealed the relationship between infill percentage and drug release behavior. The results of this study revealed the potential of 3D extrusion-based printing to fabricate gastro-floating tablets with more than 8h floating process with traditional pharmaceutical excipients and lattice internal structure design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoying Guan
- Discipline Construction and Development Planning Section, Shenyang Medical College, 146 Huanghe North Street, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Mengsuo Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Haoyang Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Danyang Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Information, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Shanghai Jingxin Biology & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 150 Copernicus Road, Zhangjiang High Technology Park, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wenting Xu
- Shanghai Jingxin Biology & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 150 Copernicus Road, Zhangjiang High Technology Park, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xinggang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Weisan Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Lei Z, Liu Q, Yang B, Xiong J, Li K, Ahmed S, Hong L, Chen P, He Q, Cao J. Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:294. [PMID: 28588496 PMCID: PMC5440587 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A new, more palatable formulation of 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules was investigated to evaluate the pharmacokinetic effect in plasma, the residue elimination in tissues and the clinical efficacy against Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) and Mycoplasam suis (MS) in pigs. In this study, the enrofloxacin concentrations in plasma and tissues were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography with phosphate buffer (pH = 3) and acetonitrile. The pharmacokinetics and elimination of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules were performed after oral administration at a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw) and 5 mg/kg twice per day for 5 consecutive days, respectively. The in vivo antibacterial efficacy and clinical effectiveness of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS were assayed at 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, compared with tiamulin (8 mg/kg) based on establishment of APP and MS infection models. 56 APP strains were selected and tested for in vitro antibacterial activity of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules. The main parameters of elimination half-life (t1/2β), Tmax, and area under the curve (AUC) were 14.99 ± 4.19, 3.99 ± 0.10, and 38.93 ± 1.52 μg h/ml, respectively, revealing that the enrofloxacin concentration remained high and with a sustainable distribution in plasma. Moreover, the analysis on the evaluation of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in muscle, fat, liver and kidney showed that the recovery were more than 84% recovery in accordance with the veterinary drug residue guidelines of United States pharmacopeia, and the withdrawal periods were 4.28, 3.81, 4.84, and 3.51 days, respectively, suggesting that the withdrawal period was 5 d after oral administration of 5 mg/kg twice per day. The optimal dosage of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS was 5 mg/kg, with over 90% efficacy, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) to the 2.5 mg/kg group, but not to the 10 mg/kg group or the positive control group (tiamulin). In conclusion, 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules had significant potential for treating APP and MS, and it provided an alternative enrofloxacin palatability formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Lei
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Jincheng Xiong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Liping Hong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Pin Chen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Jiyue Cao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhan, China
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