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Dakal TC, Kakde GS, Maurya PK. Genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic landscape of glioblastoma. Metab Brain Dis 2024:10.1007/s11011-024-01414-8. [PMID: 39180605 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
The mostly aggressive and extremely malignant type of central nervous system is Glioblastoma (GBM), which is characterized by an extremely short average survival time of lesser than 16 months. The primary cause of this phenomenon can be attributed to the extensively altered genome of GBM, which is characterized by the dysregulation of numerous critical signaling pathways and epigenetics regulations associated with proliferation, cellular growth, survival, and apoptosis. In light of this, different genetic alterations in critical signaling pathways and various epigenetics regulation mechanisms are associated with GBM and identified as distinguishing markers. Such GBM prognostic alterations are identified in PI3K/AKT, p53, RTK, RAS, RB, STAT3 and ZIP4 signaling pathways, metabolic pathway (IDH1/2), as well as alterations in epigenetic regulation genes (MGMT, CDKN2A-p16INK4aCDKN2B-p15INK4b). The exploration of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that specifically target these pathways is utmost importance to enhance the future medication for GBM. This study provides a comprehensive overview of dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms and signaling pathways due to mutations, methylation, and copy number alterations of in critical genes in GBM with prevalence and emphasizing their significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Mohanlal Sukhadia, University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India.
| | - Ganesh S Kakde
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India.
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2
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Schiera G, Di Liegro CM, Vento F, Di Liegro I. Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Progression of Brain Tumors. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:586. [PMID: 39194524 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Brain tumors, and, in particular, glioblastoma (GBM), are among the most aggressive forms of cancer. In spite of the advancement in the available therapies, both diagnosis and treatments are still unable to ensure pathology-free survival of the GBM patients for more than 12-15 months. At the basis of the still poor ability to cope with brain tumors, we can consider: (i) intra-tumor heterogeneity; (ii) heterogeneity of the tumor properties when we compare different patients; (iii) the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which makes difficult both isolation of tumor-specific biomarkers and delivering of therapeutic drugs to the brain. Recently, it is becoming increasingly clear that cancer cells release large amounts of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transport metabolites, proteins, different classes of RNAs, DNA, and lipids. These structures are involved in the pathological process and characterize any particular form of cancer. Moreover, EVs are able to cross the BBB in both directions. Starting from these observations, researchers are now evaluating the possibility to use EVs purified from organic fluids (first of all, blood and saliva), in order to obtain, through non-invasive methods (liquid biopsy), tumor biomarkers, and, perhaps, also for obtaining nanocarriers for the targeted delivering of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Vento
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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3
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Sanchez I, Rahman R. Radiogenomics as an Integrated Approach to Glioblastoma Precision Medicine. Curr Oncol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11912-024-01580-z. [PMID: 39009914 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumour in adults. Its infiltrative nature and heterogeneity confer a dismal prognosis, despite multimodal treatment. Precision medicine is increasingly advocated to improve survival rates in glioblastoma management; however, conventional neuroimaging techniques are insufficient in providing the detail required for accurate diagnosis of this complex condition. RECENT FINDINGS Advanced magnetic resonance imaging allows more comprehensive understanding of the tumour microenvironment. Combining diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging to create a multiparametric scan enhances diagnostic power and can overcome the unreliability of tumour characterisation by standard imaging. Recent progress in deep learning algorithms establishes their remarkable ability in image-recognition tasks. Integrating these with multiparametric scans could transform the diagnosis and monitoring of patients by ensuring that the entire tumour is captured. As a corollary, radiomics has emerged as a powerful approach to offer insights into diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and tumour response through extraction of information from radiological scans, and transformation of these tumour characteristics into quantitative data. Radiogenomics, which links imaging features with genomic profiles, has exhibited its ability in characterising glioblastoma, and determining therapeutic response, with the potential to revolutionise management of glioblastoma. The integration of deep learning algorithms into radiogenomic models has established an automated, highly reproducible means to predict glioblastoma molecular signatures, further aiding prognosis and targeted therapy. However, challenges including lack of large cohorts, absence of standardised guidelines and the 'black-box' nature of deep learning algorithms, must first be overcome before this workflow can be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Sanchez
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ruman Rahman
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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4
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High P, Guernsey C, Subramanian S, Jacob J, Carmon KS. The Evolving Paradigm of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting the ErbB/HER Family of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:890. [PMID: 39065587 PMCID: PMC11279420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Current therapies targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are limited by drug resistance and systemic toxicities. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are one of the most rapidly expanding classes of anti-cancer therapeutics with 13 presently approved by the FDA. Importantly, ADCs represent a promising therapeutic option with the potential to overcome traditional HER-targeted therapy resistance by delivering highly potent cytotoxins specifically to HER-overexpressing cancer cells and exerting both mAb- and payload-mediated antitumor efficacy. The clinical utility of HER-targeted ADCs is exemplified by the immense success of HER2-targeted ADCs including trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan. Still, strategies to improve upon existing HER2-targeted ADCs as well as the development of ADCs against other HER family members, particularly EGFR and HER3, are of great interest. To date, no HER4-targeting ADCs have been reported. In this review, we extensively detail clinical-stage EGFR-, HER2-, and HER3-targeting monospecific ADCs as well as novel clinical and pre-clinical bispecific ADCs (bsADCs) directed against this receptor family. We close by discussing nascent trends in the development of HER-targeting ADCs, including novel ADC payloads and HER ligand-targeted ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton High
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cara Guernsey
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shraddha Subramanian
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joan Jacob
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Kendra S. Carmon
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
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5
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Aghajani M, Jalilzadeh N, Aghebati-Maleki A, Yari A, Tabnak P, Mardi A, Saeedi H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Baradaran B. Current approaches in glioblastoma multiforme immunotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1584-1612. [PMID: 38512448 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most prevalent CNS (central nervous system) tumor in adults, with an average survival length shorter than 2 years and rare metastasis to organs other than CNS. Despite extensive attempts at surgical resecting, the inherently permeable nature of this disease has rendered relapse nearly unavoidable. Thus, immunotherapy is a feasible alternative, as stimulated immune cells can enter into the remote and inaccessible tumor cells. Immunotherapy has revolutionized patient upshots in various malignancies and might introduce different effective ways for GBM patients. Currently, researchers are exploring various immunotherapeutic strategies in patients with GBM to target both the innate and acquired immune responses. These approaches include reprogrammed tumor-associated macrophages, the use of specific antibodies to inhibit tumor progression and metastasis, modifying tumor-associated macrophages with antibodies, vaccines that utilize tumor-specific dendritic cells to activate anti-tumor T cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and enhanced T cells that function against tumor cells. Despite these findings, there is still room for improving the response faults of the many currently tested immunotherapies. This study aims to review the currently used immunotherapy approaches with their molecular mechanisms and clinical application in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Aghajani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Jalilzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Modern Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Yari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Peyman Tabnak
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Mardi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Saeedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Martinez-Jaramillo E, Jamali F, Abdalbari FH, Abdulkarim B, Jean-Claude BJ, Telleria CM, Sabri S. Pro-Oxidant Auranofin and Glutathione-Depleting Combination Unveils Synergistic Lethality in Glioblastoma Cells with Aberrant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2319. [PMID: 39001381 PMCID: PMC11240359 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and advanced malignant primary brain tumor in adults. GBM frequently harbors epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type (EGFRwt) gene amplification and/or EGFRvIII activating mutation. EGFR-driven GBM relies on the thioredoxin (Trx) and/or glutathione (GSH) antioxidant systems to withstand the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The impact of EGFRwt or EGFRvIII overexpression on the response to a Trx/GSH co-targeting strategy is unknown. In this study, we investigated Trx/GSH co-targeting in the context of EGFR overexpression in GBM. Auranofin is a thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor, FDA-approved for rheumatoid arthritis. L-buthionine-sulfoximine (L-BSO) inhibits GSH synthesis by targeting the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) enzyme subunit. We analyzed the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of auranofin and the interaction between auranofin and L-BSO in U87MG, U87/EGFRwt, and U87/EGFRvIII GBM isogenic GBM cell lines. ROS-dependent effects were assessed using the antioxidant N-acetylsteine. We show that auranofin decreased TrxR1 activity and increased ROS. Auranofin decreased cell vitality and colony formation and increased protein polyubiquitination through ROS-dependent mechanisms, suggesting the role of ROS in auranofin-induced cytotoxicity in the three cell lines. ROS-dependent PARP-1 cleavage was associated with EGFRvIII downregulation in U87/EGFRvIII cells. Remarkably, the auranofin and L-BSO combination induced the significant depletion of intracellular GSH and synergistic cytotoxicity regardless of EGFR overexpression. Nevertheless, molecular mechanisms associated with cytotoxicity were modulated to a different extent among the three cell lines. U87/EGFRvIII exhibited the most prominent ROS increase, P-AKT(Ser-473), and AKT decrease along with drastic EGFRvIII downregulation. U87/EGFRwt and U87/EGFRvIII displayed lower basal intracellular GSH levels and synergistic ROS-dependent DNA damage compared to U87MG cells. Our study provides evidence for ROS-dependent synergistic cytotoxicity of auranofin and L-BSO combination in GBM in vitro. Unraveling the sensitivity of EGFR-overexpressing cells to auranofin alone, and synergistic auranofin and L-BSO combination, supports the rationale to repurpose this promising pro-oxidant treatment strategy in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Martinez-Jaramillo
- Experimental Pathology Unit, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Jamali
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Farah H Abdalbari
- Experimental Pathology Unit, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Bassam Abdulkarim
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Bertrand J Jean-Claude
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Metabolic Disorders and Complications Program, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Carlos M Telleria
- Experimental Pathology Unit, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Siham Sabri
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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7
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Abdelrahman Z, Abdelatty A, Luo J, McKnight AJ, Wang X. Stratification of glioma based on stemness scores in bulk and single-cell transcriptomes. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108304. [PMID: 38663352 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain tumours are known to have a high mortality and morbidity rate due to their localised and frequent invasive growth. The concept that glioma resistance could originate from the dissimilarity in the vulnerability of clonogenic glial stem cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation has driven the scientific community to reexamine the comprehension of glioma growth and strategies that target these cells or modify their stemness. METHODS Based on the enrichment scores of 12 stemness signatures, we identified glioma subtypes in both tumour bulks and single cells by clustering analysis. Furthermore, we comprehensively compared molecular and clinical features among the glioma subtypes. RESULTS Consistently, in seven different datasets, hierarchical clustering uncovered three subtypes of glioma, termed Stem-H, Stem-M, and Stem-L, with high, medium, and low stemness signatures, respectively. Stem-H and Stem-L exhibited the most unfavorable and favourable overall and disease-free survival, respectively. Stem-H showed the highest enrichment scores of the EMT, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis processes signatures, while Stem-L displayed the lowest. Stem-H harboured a greater proportion of late-stage tumours compared to Stem-L. Moreover, Stem-H manifested higher tumour mutation burden, DNA damage repair and cell cycle activity, intratumour heterogeneity, and a more frequent incidence of TP53 and EGFR mutations than Stem-L. In contrast, Stem-L had higher O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation levels. CONCLUSION The classification of glioma based on stemness may offer new insights into the biology of the tumour, as well as more accurate clinical management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Abdelrahman
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK.
| | - Alaa Abdelatty
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Jiangti Luo
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cancer Genomics Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Xiaosheng Wang
- Biomedical Informatics Research Lab, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cancer Genomics Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Big Data Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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8
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Bautista E, Jung YH, Jaramillo M, Ganesh H, Varma A, Savsani K, Dakshanamurthy S. AutoPepVax, a Novel Machine-Learning-Based Program for Vaccine Design: Application to a Pan-Cancer Vaccine Targeting EGFR Missense Mutations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:419. [PMID: 38675381 PMCID: PMC11053815 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The current epitope selection methods for peptide vaccines often rely on epitope binding affinity predictions, prompting the need for the development of more sophisticated in silico methods to determine immunologically relevant epitopes. Here, we developed AutoPepVax to expedite and improve the in silico epitope selection for peptide vaccine design. AutoPepVax is a novel program that automatically identifies non-toxic and non-allergenic epitopes capable of inducing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by considering various epitope characteristics. AutoPepVax employs random forest classification and linear regression machine-learning-based models, which are trained with datasets derived from tumor samples. AutoPepVax, along with documentation on how to run the program, is freely available on GitHub. We used AutoPepVax to design a pan-cancer peptide vaccine targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) missense mutations commonly found in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAD), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). These mutations have been previously targeted in clinical trials for EGFR-specific peptide vaccines in GBM and LUAD, and they show promise but lack demonstrated clinical efficacy. Using AutoPepVax, our analysis of 96 EGFR mutations identified 368 potential MHC-I-restricted epitope-HLA pairs from 49,113 candidates and 430 potential MHC-II-restricted pairs from 168,669 candidates. Notably, 19 mutations presented viable epitopes for MHC I and II restrictions. To evaluate the potential impact of a pan-cancer vaccine composed of these epitopes, we used our program, PCOptim, to curate a minimal list of epitopes with optimal population coverage. The world population coverage of our list ranged from 81.8% to 98.5% for MHC Class II and Class I epitopes, respectively. From our list of epitopes, we constructed 3D epitope-MHC models for six MHC-I-restricted and four MHC-II-restricted epitopes, demonstrating their epitope binding potential and interaction with T-cell receptors. AutoPepVax's comprehensive approach to in silico epitope selection addresses vaccine safety, efficacy, and broad applicability. Future studies aim to validate the AutoPepVax-designed vaccines with murine tumor models that harbor the studied mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bautista
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | | | | | - Harrish Ganesh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 22043, USA
| | - Aryaan Varma
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Kush Savsani
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 22043, USA
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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9
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Zhang Q, Chang C, Shen L, Long Q. Incorporating graph information in Bayesian factor analysis with robust and adaptive shrinkage priors. Biometrics 2024; 80:ujad014. [PMID: 38281768 PMCID: PMC10826885 DOI: 10.1093/biomtc/ujad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
There has been an increasing interest in decomposing high-dimensional multi-omics data into a product of low-rank and sparse matrices for the purpose of dimension reduction and feature engineering. Bayesian factor models achieve such low-dimensional representation of the original data through different sparsity-inducing priors. However, few of these models can efficiently incorporate the information encoded by the biological graphs, which has been already proven to be useful in many analysis tasks. In this work, we propose a Bayesian factor model with novel hierarchical priors, which incorporate the biological graph knowledge as a tool of identifying a group of genes functioning collaboratively. The proposed model therefore enables sparsity within networks by allowing each factor loading to be shrunk adaptively and by considering additional layers to relate individual shrinkage parameters to the underlying graph information, both of which yield a more accurate structure recovery of factor loadings. Further, this new priors overcome the phase transition phenomenon, in contrast to existing graph-incorporated approaches, so that it is robust to noisy edges that are inconsistent with the actual sparsity structure of the factor loadings. Finally, our model can handle both continuous and discrete data types. The proposed method is shown to outperform several existing factor analysis methods through simulation experiments and real data analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyiwen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Changgee Chang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 47405, United States
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Qi Long
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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10
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Shikalov A, Koman I, Kogan NM. Targeted Glioma Therapy-Clinical Trials and Future Directions. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:100. [PMID: 38258110 PMCID: PMC10820492 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common type of glioma, with a median survival of 14.6 months post-diagnosis. Understanding the molecular profile of such tumors allowed the development of specific targeted therapies toward GBM, with a major role attributed to tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Targeted therapeutics are drugs that work by specific binding to GBM-specific or overexpressed markers on the tumor cellular surface and therefore contain a recognition moiety linked to a cytotoxic agent, which produces an antiproliferative effect. In this review, we have summarized the available information on the targeted therapeutics used in clinical trials of GBM and summarized current obstacles and advances in targeted therapy concerning specific targets present in GBM tumor cells, outlined efficacy endpoints for major classes of investigational drugs, and discussed promising strategies towards an increase in drug efficacy in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natalya M. Kogan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Personalized and Translational Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (A.S.); (I.K.)
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11
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Sharma M, Barravecchia I, Teis R, Cruz J, Mumby R, Ziemke EK, Espinoza CE, Krishnamoorthy V, Magnuson B, Ljungman M, Koschmann C, Chandra J, Whitehead CE, Sebolt-Leopold JS, Galban S. Targeting DNA Repair and Survival Signaling in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas to Prevent Tumor Recurrence. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:24-34. [PMID: 37723046 PMCID: PMC10762335 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle to successful clinical management of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a high-grade pediatric tumor of the brain stem. In nearly all patients, available therapies fail to prevent progression. Innovative combinatorial therapies that penetrate the blood-brain barrier and lead to long-term control of tumor growth are desperately needed. We identified mechanisms of resistance to radiotherapy, the standard of care for DIPG. On the basis of these findings, we rationally designed a brain-penetrant small molecule, MTX-241F, that is a highly selective inhibitor of EGFR and PI3 kinase family members, including the DNA repair protein DNA-PK. Preliminary studies demonstrated that micromolar levels of this inhibitor can be achieved in murine brain tissue and that MTX-241F exhibits promising single-agent efficacy and radiosensitizing activity in patient-derived DIPG neurospheres. Its physiochemical properties include high exposure in the brain, indicating excellent brain penetrance. Because radiotherapy results in double-strand breaks that are repaired by homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ), we have tested the combination of MTX-241F with an inhibitor of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated to achieve blockade of HR and NHEJ, respectively, with or without radiotherapy. When HR blockers were combined with MTX-241F and radiotherapy, synthetic lethality was observed, providing impetus to explore this combination in clinically relevant models of DIPG. Our data provide proof-of-concept evidence to support advanced development of MTX-241F for the treatment of DIPG. Future studies will be designed to inform rapid clinical translation to ultimately impact patients diagnosed with this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ivana Barravecchia
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert Teis
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeanette Cruz
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rachel Mumby
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth K. Ziemke
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carlos E. Espinoza
- Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Varunkumar Krishnamoorthy
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brian Magnuson
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Center for RNA Biomedicine, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joya Chandra
- Department of Pediatrics Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher E. Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- MEKanistic Therapeutics, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Judith S. Sebolt-Leopold
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- MEKanistic Therapeutics, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stefanie Galban
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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12
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Ramar V, Guo S, Hudson B, Liu M. Progress in Glioma Stem Cell Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:102. [PMID: 38201528 PMCID: PMC10778204 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents a diverse spectrum of primary tumors notorious for their resistance to established therapeutic modalities. Despite aggressive interventions like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, these tumors, due to factors such as the blood-brain barrier, tumor heterogeneity, glioma stem cells (GSCs), drug efflux pumps, and DNA damage repair mechanisms, persist beyond complete isolation, resulting in dismal outcomes for glioma patients. Presently, the standard initial approach comprises surgical excision followed by concurrent chemotherapy, where temozolomide (TMZ) serves as the foremost option in managing GBM patients. Subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy follows this regimen. Emerging therapeutic approaches encompass immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted treatments, such as bevacizumab, aiming to exploit vulnerabilities within GBM cells. Nevertheless, there exists a pressing imperative to devise innovative strategies for both diagnosing and treating GBM. This review emphasizes the current knowledge of GSC biology, molecular mechanisms, and associations with various signals and/or pathways, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, HGFR/c-MET, NF-κB, Wnt, Notch, and STAT3 pathways. Metabolic reprogramming in GSCs has also been reported with the prominent activation of the glycolytic pathway, comprising aldehyde dehydrogenase family genes. We also discuss potential therapeutic approaches to GSC targets and currently used inhibitors, as well as their mode of action on GSC targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanajothi Ramar
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (V.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA 70125, USA;
| | - BreAnna Hudson
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (V.R.); (B.H.)
| | - Mingli Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (V.R.); (B.H.)
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13
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Zheng L, Luthra R, Alvarez HA, San Lucas FA, Duose DY, Wistuba II, Fuller GN, Ballester LY, Roy-Chowdhuri S, Sweeney KJ, Rashid A, Yang RK, Chen W, Liu A, Wu Y, Albarracin C, Patel KP, Routbort MJ, Sahin AA, Ding Q, Chen H. Intragenic EGFR::EGFR.E1E8 Fusion (EGFRvIII) in 4331 Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:6. [PMID: 38201434 PMCID: PMC10778229 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII, the deletion of exons 2-7) is a recurrent intragenic EGFR::EGFR.E1E8 fusion that occurs in high-grade gliomas. The presence of EGFRvIII in other solid tumors has not been well characterized. We retrospectively reviewed advanced malignant solid tumor cases tested by a custom hybrid capture 610-gene next-generation sequencing platform from 2021 to 2022. EGFRvIII was identified in 17 of 4331 (0.4%) cases, including 16 of 238 (7%) brain tumors and 1/301 (0.3%) breast tumors. EGFRvIII-positive brain tumors were all glioblastoma IDH-wildtype, most with concurrent TERT promoter mutation (14 of 16), EGFR amplification (13 of 16), and EGFR mutation (8 of 16). The only EGFRvIII-positive breast lesion was a sarcomatoid neoplasm in a young female patient. A separate breast case tested outside our institution with reported EGFRvIII was noted in a young female patient with a malignant phyllodes tumor with stromal overgrowth. Microscopically, both EGFRvIII-positive breast tumors showed high-grade sarcomatoid morphology with brisk mitotic activity. In summary, EGFRvIII is rare, occurring primarily in glioblastoma and rarely in breast sarcomatoid neoplasm, with no instances identified in other tumor types in our series. This select group of patients may benefit from chemotherapy and/or targeted anti-EGFR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Rajyalakshmi Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Hector A. Alvarez
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - F. Anthony San Lucas
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Dzifa Y. Duose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (I.I.W.)
| | - Ignacio I. Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (I.I.W.)
| | - Gregory N. Fuller
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Leomar Y. Ballester
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Keith J. Sweeney
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Richard K. Yang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Audrey Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Constance Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Keyur P. Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Mark J. Routbort
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Aysegul A. Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
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14
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Salim EI, Mosbah AM, Elhussiny FA, Hanafy NAN, Abdou Y. Preparation and characterization of cetuximab-loaded egg serum albumin nanoparticles and their uses as a drug delivery system against Caco-2 colon cancer cells. Cancer Nanotechnol 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractTo avoid the harmful side effects of cetuximab and improve its therapeutic efficacy, egg serum albumin (ESA) was used as a targeting drug carrier moiety for cancer therapy against Caco-2 colon cancer cells. The simple improved desolvation method was used to synthesize ESA nanoparticles (ESA-NPs) and cetuximab-loaded albumin nanoparticles (CET-ANPs) with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. The ESA-NPs and CET-ANPs were spherically shaped, and their sizes and surface potentials were 100 and − 24 nm and 170 and − 20 nm, respectively, as determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a Zeta potential analyzer. The specific functional groups of the prepared nanoparticles were revealed by FTIR analysis. In the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, CET-ANPs exerted the highest antitumor activity after 24 h followed by CET, ESA-NPs, and pure ESA. Combination of CET + ESA-NPs at different IC50 concentrations at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:9, or 9:1 showed significant synergistic effects with a combination index (CI) > 1. Furthermore, the CET either loaded with ESA-NPs or administered in combination (CET + ESA NPs) caused significant apoptotic damage, as well as an S-phase or G2/M cell cycle arrest to the cancer cells, respectively. These were directly linked with a significant upregulation of mRNA expression of Caspase3 and Bax genes and an extreme downregulation of the mRNA expression of Bcl2, particularly in the combination treatment group, as compared to the untreated cells. Finally, ESA-NPs improved the effectiveness of cetuximab, strongly caused apoptotic and antiproliferative action with lower systemic toxicity, and could be suggested for the targeted administration of anticancer medications in various nanosystems.
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15
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Begagić E, Pugonja R, Bečulić H, Čeliković A, Tandir Lihić L, Kadić Vukas S, Čejvan L, Skomorac R, Selimović E, Jaganjac B, Juković-Bihorac F, Jusić A, Pojskić M. Molecular Targeted Therapies in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Systematic Overview of Global Trends and Findings. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1602. [PMID: 38002561 PMCID: PMC10669565 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review assesses current molecular targeted therapies for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a challenging condition with limited treatment options. Using PRISMA methodology, 166 eligible studies, involving 2526 patients (61.49% male, 38.51% female, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.59/1), were analyzed. In laboratory studies, 52.52% primarily used human glioblastoma cell cultures (HCC), and 43.17% employed animal samples (mainly mice). Clinical participants ranged from 18 to 100 years, with 60.2% using combined therapies and 39.8% monotherapies. Mechanistic categories included Protein Kinase Phosphorylation (41.6%), Cell Cycle-Related Mechanisms (18.1%), Microenvironmental Targets (19.9%), Immunological Targets (4.2%), and Other Mechanisms (16.3%). Key molecular targets included Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) (10.8%), Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) (7.2%), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) (6.6%), and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MEK) (5.4%). This review provides a comprehensive assessment of molecular therapies for GBM, highlighting their varied efficacy in clinical and laboratory settings, ultimately impacting overall and progression-free survival in GBM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Begagić
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Unversity of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (E.B.)
| | - Ragib Pugonja
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- Department of General Medicine, Primary Health Care Center, Nikole Šubića Zrinjskog bb., 72260 Busovača, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hakija Bečulić
- Department of General Medicine, Primary Health Care Center, Nikole Šubića Zrinjskog bb., 72260 Busovača, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 76, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amila Čeliković
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Unversity of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (E.B.)
| | - Lejla Tandir Lihić
- Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 76, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Samra Kadić Vukas
- Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 76, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lejla Čejvan
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Unversity of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (E.B.)
| | - Rasim Skomorac
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 76, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Edin Selimović
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Belma Jaganjac
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (B.J.)
| | - Fatima Juković-Bihorac
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (B.J.)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 76, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Aldin Jusić
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 76, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirza Pojskić
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstr., 35033 Marburg, Germany
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16
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Ramapriyan R, Sun J, Curry A, Richardson LG, Ramesh T, Gaffey MA, Gedeon PC, Gerstner ER, Curry WT, Choi BD. The Role of Antibody-Based Therapies in Neuro-Oncology. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:74. [PMID: 37987252 PMCID: PMC10660525 DOI: 10.3390/antib12040074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the evolving landscape of antibody-based therapies in neuro-oncology, in particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunomodulatory antibodies. We discuss their mechanisms of action, blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and experience in neuro-oncological conditions. Evidence from recent trials indicates that while these therapies can modulate the tumor immune microenvironment, their clinical benefits remain uncertain, largely due to challenges with BBB penetration and tumor-derived immunosuppression. This review also examines emerging targets such as TIGIT and LAG3, the potential of antibodies in modulating the myeloid compartment, and tumor-specific targets for monoclonal antibody therapy. We further delve into advanced strategies such as antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific T cell engagers. Lastly, we explore innovative techniques being investigated to enhance antibody delivery, including CAR T cell therapy. Despite current limitations, these therapies hold significant therapeutic potential for neuro-oncology. Future research should focus on optimizing antibody delivery to the CNS, identifying novel biological targets, and discovering combination therapies to address the hostile tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishab Ramapriyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.R.G.)
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
| | - Annabel Curry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
| | - Leland G. Richardson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
| | - Tarun Ramesh
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.R.G.)
| | - Matthew A. Gaffey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
| | - Patrick C. Gedeon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.R.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Gerstner
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.R.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William T. Curry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.R.G.)
| | - Bryan D. Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA (A.C.); (L.G.R.); (W.T.C.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA (E.R.G.)
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17
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Ruffle JK, Mohinta S, Pombo G, Gray R, Kopanitsa V, Lee F, Brandner S, Hyare H, Nachev P. Brain tumour genetic network signatures of survival. Brain 2023; 146:4736-4754. [PMID: 37665980 PMCID: PMC10629773 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a major obstacle to therapeutic success across neuro-oncology. Gliomas are characterized by distinct combinations of genetic and epigenetic alterations, resulting in complex interactions across multiple molecular pathways. Predicting disease evolution and prescribing individually optimal treatment requires statistical models complex enough to capture the intricate (epi)genetic structure underpinning oncogenesis. Here, we formalize this task as the inference of distinct patterns of connectivity within hierarchical latent representations of genetic networks. Evaluating multi-institutional clinical, genetic and outcome data from 4023 glioma patients over 14 years, across 12 countries, we employ Bayesian generative stochastic block modelling to reveal a hierarchical network structure of tumour genetics spanning molecularly confirmed glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype; oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted; and astrocytoma, IDH-mutant. Our findings illuminate the complex dependence between features across the genetic landscape of brain tumours and show that generative network models reveal distinct signatures of survival with better prognostic fidelity than current gold standard diagnostic categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Ruffle
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Samia Mohinta
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Guilherme Pombo
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Robert Gray
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Valeriya Kopanitsa
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Faith Lee
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Division of Neuropathology and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Harpreet Hyare
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Parashkev Nachev
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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18
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Singh J, Khanduja KL, Avti PK. Unravelling benzazepines and aminopyrimidine as multi-target therapeutic repurposing drugs for EGFR V774M mutation in neuroglioma patients. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:28876. [PMID: 38938756 PMCID: PMC11199933 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.28876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Neuroglioma, a classification encompassing tumors arising from glial cells, exhibits variable aggressiveness and depends on tumor grade and stage. Unraveling the EGFR gene alterations, including amplifications (unaltered), deletions, and missense mutations (altered), is emerging in glioma. However, the precise understanding of emerging EGFR mutations and their role in neuroglioma remains limited. This study aims to identify specific EGFR mutations prevalent in neuroglioma patients and investigate their potential as therapeutic targets using FDA-approved drugs for repurposing approach. Methods Neuroglioma patient's data were analyzed to identify the various mutations and survival rates. High throughput virtual screening (HTVS) of FDA-approved (1615) drugs using molecular docking and simulation was executed to determine the potential hits. Results Neuroglioma patient samples (n=4251) analysis reveals 19% EGFR alterations with most missense mutations at V774M in exon 19. The Kaplan-Meier plots show that the overall survival rate was higher in the unaltered group than in the altered group. Docking studies resulted the best hits based on each target's higher docking score, minimum free energy (MMGBSA), minimum kd, ki, and IC50 values. MD simulations and their trajectories show that compounds ZINC000011679756 target unaltered EGFR and ZINC000003978005 targets altered EGFR, whereas ZINC000012503187 (Conivaptan, Benzazepine) and ZINC000068153186 (Dabrafenib, aminopyrimidine) target both the EGFRs. The shortlisted compounds demonstrate favorable residual interactions with their respective targets, forming highly stable complexes. Moreover, these shortlisted compounds have drug- like properties as assessed by ADMET profiling. Conclusion Therefore, compounds (ZINC000012503187 and ZINC000068153186) can effectively target both the unaltered/altered EGFRs as multi-target therapeutic repurposing drugs towards neuroglioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India – 160012
| | - Krishan L Khanduja
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India – 160012
| | - Pramod K Avti
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India – 160012
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19
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Qin Q, Li Z, Liu R, Liu S, Guo M, Zhang M, Wu H, Huang L. Effects of resveratrol on HIF-1α/VEGF pathway and apoptosis in vitrified duck ovary transplantation. Theriogenology 2023; 210:84-93. [PMID: 37481978 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Preservation of ovarian tissues is an effective way to ensure genetic diversity of susceptible natural bird populations that are in danger of extinction. We examined whether the addition of the plant phenol resveratrol to vitrification solutions ameliorates the damaging effects of tissue hypoxia and reperfusion injury when the tissues are transplanted. Duck ovary tissues were frozen in the presence of varying concentrations of resveratrol in cryopreservation solutions and then transplanted under the renal capsules of 2-day-old Shelducks. Samples of the transplanted tissues were examined on days 3- and 9- post transplantation for activation of hypoxia-, antioxidant- and apoptosis-related gene expression and apoptosis. Resveratrol significantly increased expression of VEGF, HIF-1α, Nrf2, CAT and Bcl-2 mRNA and decreased BAX and Caspase-3 mRNA and reduced numbers of TUNEL-positive cells after vitrification and heterotopic ovarian transplantation. Resveratrol improved the antioxidant capacity, reduced apoptosis and activated the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway to promote angiogenesis 3- and 9-days following transplantation. These results indicated that the addition of resveratrol to vitrification solutions intended for long-term cryopreservation of ovary tissues improves survival in storage and the grafts following transplantation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the successful transplantation of avian ovarian tissue after vitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Qin
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Zhili Li
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Rongxu Liu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Shaoxia Liu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Minghui Guo
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Haigang Wu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China
| | - Li Huang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, PR China.
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20
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Sai Krishna AVS, Ramu A, Hariharan S, Sinha S, Donakonda S. Characterization of tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma multiforme identifies ITGB2 as a key immune and stromal related regulator in glial cell types. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107433. [PMID: 37660569 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of brain tumor characterized by inter and intra-tumor heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment. To uncover the molecular targets in this milieu, we systematically identified immune and stromal interactions at the glial cell type level that leverages on RNA-sequencing data of GBM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The perturbed genes between the high vs low immune and stromal scored patients were subjected to weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify the glial cell type specific networks in immune and stromal infiltrated patients. The intramodular connectivity analysis identified the highly connected genes in each module. Combining it with univariable and multivariable prognostic analysis revealed common vital gene ITGB2, between the immune and stromal infiltrated patients enriched in microglia and newly formed oligodendrocytes. We found following unique hub genes in immune infiltrated patients; COL6A3 (microglia), ITGAM (oligodendrocyte precursor cells), TNFSF9 (microglia), and in stromal infiltrated patients, SERPINE1 (microglia) and THBS1 (newly formed oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells). To validate these hub genes, we used external GBM patient single cell RNA-sequencing dataset and this identified ITGB2 to be significantly enriched in microglia, newly formed oligodendrocytes, T-cells, macrophages and adipocyte cell types in both immune and stromal datasets. The tumor infiltration analysis of ITGB2 showed that it is correlated with myeloid dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, B-cells, fibroblasts and adipocytes. Overall, the systematic screening of tumor microenvironment components at glial cell types uncovered ITGB2 as a potential target in primary GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V S Sai Krishna
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Alagammai Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Srimathangi Hariharan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swati Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sainitin Donakonda
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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21
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Yang H, Liu Y, Yang Y, Li D, Wang Z. InDEP: an interpretable machine learning approach to predict cancer driver genes from multi-omics data. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad318. [PMID: 37649392 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer driver genes are critical in driving tumor cell growth, and precisely identifying these genes is crucial in advancing our understanding of cancer pathogenesis and developing targeted cancer drugs. Despite the current methods for discovering cancer driver genes that mainly rely on integrating multi-omics data, many existing models are overly complex, and it is difficult to interpret the results accurately. This study aims to address this issue by introducing InDEP, an interpretable machine learning framework based on cascade forests. InDEP is designed with easy-to-interpret features, cascade forests based on decision trees and a KernelSHAP module that enables fine-grained post-hoc interpretation. Integrating multi-omics data, InDEP can identify essential features of classified driver genes at both the gene and cancer-type levels. The framework accurately identifies driver genes, discovers new patterns that make genes as driver genes and refines the cancer driver gene catalog. In comparison with state-of-the-art methods, InDEP proved to be more accurate on the test set and identified reliable candidate driver genes. Mutational features were the primary drivers for InDEP's identifying driver genes, with other omics features also contributing. At the gene level, the framework concluded that substitution-type mutations were the main reason most genes were identified as driver genes. InDEP's ability to identify reliable candidate driver genes opens up new avenues for precision oncology and discovering new biomedical knowledge. This framework can help advance cancer research by providing an interpretable method for identifying cancer driver genes and their contribution to cancer pathogenesis, facilitating the development of targeted cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yawen Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yijing Yang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, PR China
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22
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Pant A, Lim M. Overcoming EGFR inhibitor resistance in Glioblastoma by targeting co-amplified genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312277120. [PMID: 37672559 PMCID: PMC10515143 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312277120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Pant
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94304
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23
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Weiser A, Sanchez Bergman A, Machaalani C, Bennett J, Roth P, Reimann RR, Nazarian J, Guerreiro Stucklin AS. Bridging the age gap: a review of molecularly informed treatments for glioma in adolescents and young adults. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1254645. [PMID: 37781183 PMCID: PMC10533987 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1254645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors and a major cause of cancer-related mortality in children (age <15 years), adolescents and young adults (AYA, ages 15-39 years), and adults (age >39 years). Molecular pathology has helped enhance the characterization of these tumors, revealing a heterogeneous and ever more complex group of malignancies. Recent molecular analyses have led to an increased appreciation of common genomic alterations prevalent across all ages. The 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) CNS tumor classification, 5th edition (WHO CNS5) brings forward a nomenclature distinguishing "pediatric-type" and "adult-type" gliomas. The spectrum of gliomas in AYA comprises both "pediatric-like" and "adult-like" tumor entities but remains ill-defined. With fragmentation of clinical management between pediatric and adult centers, AYAs face challenges related to gaps in medical care, lower rates of enrollment in clinical trials and additional psychosocial and economic challenges. This calls for a rethinking of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, to improve access to appropriate testing and potentially beneficial treatments to patients of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Weiser
- Translational Brain Tumor Research Group, Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Sanchez Bergman
- Translational Brain Tumor Research Group, Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charbel Machaalani
- Translational Brain Tumor Research Group, Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julie Bennett
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Roth
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regina R. Reimann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Department of Pediatrics, Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) / Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) Center, Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ana S. Guerreiro Stucklin
- Translational Brain Tumor Research Group, Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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24
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Emami F, Duwa R, Banstola A, Woo SM, Kwon TK, Yook S. Dual receptor specific nanoparticles targeting EGFR and PD-L1 for enhanced delivery of docetaxel in cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115023. [PMID: 37329708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-receptor targeted (DRT) nanoparticles which contain two distinct targeting agents may exhibit higher cell selectivity, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity toward cancer cells than single-ligand targeted nanoparticle systems without additional functionality. The purpose of this study is to prepare DRT poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles for targeting the delivery of docetaxel (DTX) to the EGFR and PD-L1 receptor positive cancer cells such as human glioblastoma multiform (U87-MG) and human non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cell lines. Anti-EGFR and anti-PD-L1 antibody were decorated on DTX loaded PLGA nanoparticles to prepare DRT-DTX-PLGA via. single emulsion solvent evaporation method. Physicochemical characterizations of DRT-DTX-PLGA, such as particle size, zeta-potential, morphology, and in vitro DTX release were also evaluated. The average particle size of DRT-DTX-PLGA was 124.2 ± 1.1 nm with spherical and smooth morphology. In the cellular uptake study, the DRT-DTX-PLGA endocytosed by the U87-MG and A549 cells was single ligand targeting nanoparticle. From the in vitro cell cytotoxicity, and apoptosis studies, we reported that DRT-DTX-PLGA exhibited high cytotoxicity and enhanced the apoptotic cell compared to the single ligand-targeted nanoparticle. The dual receptor mediated endocytosis of DRT-DTX-PLGA showed a high binding affinity effect that leads to high intracellular DTX concentration and exhibited high cytotoxic properties. Thus, DRT nanoparticles have the potential to improve cancer therapy by providing selectivity over single-ligand-targeted nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhrossadat Emami
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Duwa
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea
| | - Asmita Banstola
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Seon Min Woo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea.
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25
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Piha-Paul SA, Tseng C, Tran HT, Gao M, Karp DD, Subbiah V, Tsimberidou AM, Kawedia JD, Fu S, Pant S, Yap TA, Morris VK, Kee BK, Blum Murphy M, Lim J, Meric-Bernstam F. A phase I trial of the pan-ERBB inhibitor neratinib combined with the MEK inhibitor trametinib in patients with advanced cancer with EGFR mutation/amplification, HER2 mutation/amplification, HER3/4 mutation or KRAS mutation. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 92:107-118. [PMID: 37314501 PMCID: PMC10326142 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aberrant alterations of ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases lead to tumorigenesis. Single agent therapy targeting EGFR or HER2 has shown clinical successes, but drug resistance often develops due to aberrant or compensatory mechanisms. Herein, we sought to determine the feasibility and safety of neratinib and trametinib in patients with EGFR mutation/amplification, HER2 mutation/amplification, HER3/4 mutation and KRAS mutation. METHODS Patients with actionable somatic mutations or amplifications in ERBB genes or actionable KRAS mutations were enrolled to receive neratinib and trametinib in this phase I dose escalation trial. The primary endpoint was determination of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Secondary endpoints included pharmacokinetic analysis and preliminary anti-tumor efficacy. RESULTS Twenty patients were enrolled with a median age of 50.5 years and a median of 3 lines of prior therapy. Grade 3 treatment-related toxicities included: diarrhea (25%), vomiting (10%), nausea (5%), fatigue (5%) and malaise (5%). The MTD was dose level (DL) minus 1 (neratinib 160 mg daily with trametinib 1 mg, 5 days on and 2 days off) given 2 DLTs of grade 3 diarrhea in DL1 (neratinib 160 mg daily with trametinib 1 mg daily). The treatment-related toxicities of DL1 included: diarrhea (100%), nausea (55.6%) and rash (55.6%). Pharmacokinetic data showed trametinib clearance was significantly reduced leading to high drug exposures of trametinib. Two patients achieved stable disease (SD) ≥ 4 months. CONCLUSION Neratinib and trametinib combination was toxic and had limited clinical efficacy. This may be due to suboptimal drug dosing given drug-drug interactions. TRIAL REGISTRATION ID NCT03065387.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina A Piha-Paul
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Chieh Tseng
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hai T Tran
- Department of Thoracic, Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel D Karp
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Apostolia Maria Tsimberidou
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jitesh D Kawedia
- Pharmacy Pharmacology Research, Division of Pharmacy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Siqing Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shubham Pant
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Thoracic, Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Van K Morris
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bryan K Kee
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mariela Blum Murphy
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - JoAnn Lim
- Pharmacy Clinical Programs, Division of Pharmacy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (A Phase I Clinical Trials Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 455, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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26
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Moody TW, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT. Peptide G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and ErbB Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:957. [PMID: 37508387 PMCID: PMC10376828 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The ErbB RTKs (EGFR, HER2, HER3, and HER4) have been well-studied in cancer. EGFR, HER2, and HER3 stimulate cancer proliferation, principally by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, resulting in increased cancer cell survival and proliferation. Cancer cells have high densities of the EGFR, HER2, and HER3 causing phosphorylation of tyrosine amino acids on protein substrates and tyrosine amino acids near the C-terminal of the RTKs. After transforming growth factor (TGF) α binds to the EGFR, homodimers or EGFR heterodimers form. HER2 forms heterodimers with the EGFR, HER3, and HER4. The EGFR, HER2, and HER3 are overexpressed in lung cancer patient tumors, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as Herceptin against HER2, are used to treat breast cancer patients. Patients with EGFR mutations are treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as gefitinib or osimertinib. Peptide GPCRs, such as NTSR1, are present in many cancers, and neurotensin (NTS) stimulates the growth of cancer cells. Lung cancer proliferation is impaired by SR48692, an NTSR1 antagonist. SR48692 is synergistic with gefitinib at inhibiting lung cancer growth. Adding NTS to lung cancer cells increases the shedding of TGFα, which activates the EGFR, or neuregulin-1, which activates HER3. The transactivation process is impaired by SRC, matrix metalloprotease, and reactive oxygen species inhibitors. While the transactivation process is complicated, it is fast and occurs within minutes after adding NTS to cancer cells. This review emphasizes the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and SR48692 to impair transactivation and cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Moody
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Center for Cancer Training, NCI, and Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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27
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Martin‐Fernandez ML. A perspective of fluorescence microscopy for cellular structural biology with EGFR as witness. J Microsc 2023; 291:73-91. [PMID: 36282005 PMCID: PMC10952613 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a poster child for the understanding of receptor behaviour, and of paramount importance to cell function and human health. Cloned almost forty years ago, the interest in EGFR's structure/function relationships remains unabated, not least because changes in oncogenic EGFR mutants are key drivers of the formation of lung and brain tumours. The structure of the assemblies formed by EGFR have been comprehensibly investigated by techniques such as high-resolution X-ray crystallography, NMR and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, the complexity embedded in the portfolio of EGFR states that are only possible in the physiological environment of cells has often proved refractory to cell-free structural methods. Conversely, some key inroads made by quantitative fluorescence microscopy and super-resolution have depended on exploiting the wealth of structures available. Here, a brief personal perspective is provided on how quantitative fluorescence microscopy and super-resolution methods have cross-fertilised with cell-free-derived EGFR structural information. I primarily discuss areas in which my research group has made a contribution to fill gaps in EGFR's cellular structural biology and towards developing new tools to investigate macromolecular assemblies in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Martin‐Fernandez
- Central Laser FacilityScience and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK
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28
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Ibrahim RS, Ibrahim SS, El-Naas A, Koklesová L, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Could Metformin and Resveratrol Support Glioblastoma Treatment? A Mechanistic View at the Cellular Level. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3368. [PMID: 37444478 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a malignant brain tumor, is a common primary brain tumor in adults, with diabetes mellitus being a crucial risk factor. This review examines how the antidiabetic drug metformin and dietary supplement resveratrol can benefit the treatment of glioblastoma. Metformin and resveratrol have demonstrated action against relevant pathways in cancer cells. Metformin and resveratrol inhibit cell proliferation by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway, activating mTOR, and increasing AMPK phosphorylation, resulting in lower proliferation and higher apoptosis levels. Metformin and resveratrol both upregulate and inhibit different cascades in the MAPK pathway. In vivo, the drugs reduced tumor growth and volume. These actions show how metformin and resveratrol can combat cancer with both glucose-dependent and glucose-independent effects. The pre-clinical results, alongside the lack of clinical studies and the rise in novel delivery mechanisms, warrant further clinical investigations into the applications of metformin and resveratrol as both separate and as a combination complement to current glioblastoma therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed El-Naas
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Lenka Koklesová
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
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29
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Duan W, Yu M, Chen J. BRD4: New Hope in the Battle Against Glioblastoma. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106767. [PMID: 37061146 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The BET family proteins, comprising BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4, represent epigenetic readers of acetylated histone marks that play pleiotropic roles in the tumorigenesis and growth of multiple human malignancies, including glioblastoma (GBM). A growing body of investigation has proven BET proteins as valuable therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Recently, several BRD4 inhibitors and degraders have been reported to successfully suppress GBM in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the precise role and mechanism of BRD4 in the pathogenesis of GBM have not been fully elucidated or summarized. This review focuses on summarizing the roles and mechanisms of BRD4 in the context of the initiation and development of GBM. In addition, several BRD4 inhibitors have been evaluated for therapeutic purposes as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immune therapies. Here, we provide a critical appraisal of studies evaluating various BRD4 inhibitors and degraders as novel treatment strategies against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Duan
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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30
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Darvish L, Bahreyni Toossi MT, Azimian H, Shakeri M, Dolat E, Ahmadizad Firouzjaei A, Rezaie S, Amraee A, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH. The role of microRNA-induced apoptosis in diverse radioresistant cancers. Cell Signal 2023; 104:110580. [PMID: 36581218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to cancer radiotherapy is one of the biggest concerns for success in treating and preventing recurrent disease. Malignant tumors may develop when they block genetic mutations associated with apoptosis or abnormal expression of apoptosis; Tumor treatment may induce the expression of apoptosis-related genes to promote tumor cell apoptosis. MicroRNAs have been shown to contribute to forecasting prognosis, distinguishing between cancer subtypes, and affecting treatment outcomes in cancer. Constraining these miRNAs may be an attractive treatment strategy to help overcome radiation resistance. The delivery of these future treatments is still challenging due to the excess downstream targets that each miRNA can control. Understanding the role of miRNAs brings us one step closer to attaining patient treatment and improving patient outcomes. This review summarized the current information on the role of microRNA-induced apoptosis in determining the radiosensitivity of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Darvish
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hosein Azimian
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Shakeri
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Dolat
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadizad Firouzjaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Rezaie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Amraee
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, khorramabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Bioinformatics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Liu DZ, Xu SY. Fentanyl inhibits cell invasion and migration by modulating NF-κB activation in glioma. Brain Res 2023; 1809:148356. [PMID: 37003560 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Fentanyl is widely used for anesthesia and analgesia in cancer patients. Recent studies have revealed its anti-growth effect in several categories of cancer. Gliomas are the most common primary tumors in the central nervous system with poor prognosis. To investigate the effects of fentanyl on gliomas, glioma cells were treated with different concentrations of fentanyl both in vitro and in vivo. Consequences of proliferation and invasive phenotypes, and related protein expression were evaluated in two human glioma cell lines (U251 and U87). Naloxone, Mu Opioid Receptor (MOR) antagonist, was introduced into culture media to assess the involvement of MOR in Fentanyl-mediated changes. When compared with control group, it could be found that Fentanyl inhibited function of glioma cells only at high concentrations. Western blot and immunofluorescence results revealed that Fentanyl exerted its action via modulating NF-κB (P65) activation which is likely independent of MOR . Moreover, overexpression of P65 by transfection P65-expressing vector restored the invasion and migration of glioma cells, which were inhibited by Fentanyl. In summary, this study showed that opioid pain medication Fentanyl was capable of decreasing invasiveness of glioma cells at a high concentration both in vitro and in vivo, likely via modulating P65 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan-Zheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Ave, Guangzhou, P.R. China 510282, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Jianle Hospital of Guangdong, 88 Shitan West Road, Guangzhou, 510435, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Yuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Ave. Guangzhou, 510282, P.R. China.
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Kałuzińska-Kołat Ż, Kośla K, Kołat D, Płuciennik E, Bednarek AK. Antineoplastic Nature of WWOX in Glioblastoma Is Mainly a Consequence of Reduced Cell Viability and Invasion. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030465. [PMID: 36979157 PMCID: PMC10045224 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Following the discovery of WWOX, research has moved in many directions, including the role of this putative tumor suppressor in the central nervous system and related diseases. The task of determining the nature of WWOX in glioblastoma (GBM) is still considered to be at the initial stage; however, the influence of this gene on the GBM malignant phenotype has already been reported. Because most of the available in vitro research does not consider several cellular GBM models or a wide range of investigated biological assays, the present study aimed to determine the main processes by which WWOX exhibits anticancer properties in GBM, while taking into account the phenotypic heterogeneity between cell lines. Ectopic WWOX overexpression was studied in T98G, DBTRG-05MG, U251MG, and U87MG cell lines that were compared with the use of assays investigating cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, clonogenicity, three-dimensional and anchorage-independent growth, and invasiveness. Observations presenting the antineoplastic properties of WWOX were consistent for T98G, U251MG, and U87MG. Increased proliferation and tumor growth were noted in WWOX-overexpressing DBTRG-05MG cells. A possible explanation for this, arrived at via bioinformatics tools, was linked to the TARDBP transcription factor and expression differences of USP25 and CPNE2 that regulate EGFR surface abundance. Collectively, and despite various cell line-specific circumstances, WWOX exhibits its anticancer nature mainly via a reduction of cell viability and invasiveness of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Kośla
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Płuciennik
- Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej K Bednarek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
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Candido MF, Medeiros M, Veronez LC, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Pezuk JA, Valera ET, Brassesco MS. Drugging Hijacked Kinase Pathways in Pediatric Oncology: Opportunities and Current Scenario. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020664. [PMID: 36839989 PMCID: PMC9966033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer is considered rare, corresponding to ~3% of all malignant neoplasms in the human population. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a universal occurrence of more than 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the globe, and despite improvements in diagnosis, treatment and supportive care, one child dies of cancer every 3 min. Consequently, more efficient, selective and affordable therapeutics are still needed in order to improve outcomes and avoid long-term sequelae. Alterations in kinases' functionality is a trademark of cancer and the concept of exploiting them as drug targets has burgeoned in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry of the 21st century. Consequently, an increasing plethora of inhibitors has emerged. In the present study, the expression patterns of a selected group of kinases (including tyrosine receptors, members of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, coordinators of cell cycle progression, and chromosome segregation) and their correlation with clinical outcomes in pediatric solid tumors were accessed through the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform and by a thorough search of published literature. To further illustrate the importance of kinase dysregulation in the pathophysiology of pediatric cancer, we analyzed the vulnerability of different cancer cell lines against their inhibition through the Cancer Dependency Map portal, and performed a search for kinase-targeted compounds with approval and clinical applicability through the CanSAR knowledgebase. Finally, we provide a detailed literature review of a considerable set of small molecules that mitigate kinase activity under experimental testing and clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric tumors, while discuss critical challenges that must be overcome before translation into clinical options, including the absence of compounds designed specifically for childhood tumors which often show differential mutational burdens, intrinsic and acquired resistance, lack of selectivity and adverse effects on a growing organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David Bastos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9144; Fax: +55-16-3315-4886
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Forecasting Molecular Features in IDH-Wildtype Gliomas: The State of the Art of Radiomics Applied to Neurosurgery. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030940. [PMID: 36765898 PMCID: PMC9913449 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, marks a step forward the future diagnostic approach to these neoplasms. Alongside this, radiomics has experienced rapid evolution over the last several years, allowing us to correlate tumor imaging heterogeneity with a wide range of tumor molecular and subcellular features. Radiomics is a translational field focused on decoding conventional imaging data to extrapolate the molecular and prognostic features of tumors such as gliomas. We herein analyze the state-of-the-art of radiomics applied to glioblastoma, with the goal to estimate its current clinical impact and potential perspectives in relation to well-rounded patient management, including the end-of-life stage. METHODS A literature review was performed on the PubMed, MEDLINE and Scopus databases using the following search items: "radiomics and glioma", "radiomics and glioblastoma", "radiomics and glioma and IDH", "radiomics and glioma and TERT promoter", "radiomics and glioma and EGFR", "radiomics and glioma and chromosome". RESULTS A total of 719 articles were screened. Further quantitative and qualitative analysis allowed us to finally include 11 papers. This analysis shows that radiomics is rapidly evolving towards a reliable tool. CONCLUSIONS Further studies are necessary to adjust radiomics' potential to the newest molecular requirements pointed out by the 2021 WHO classification of CNS tumors. At a glance, its application in the clinical routine could be beneficial to achieve a timely diagnosis, especially for those patients not eligible for surgery and/or adjuvant therapies but still deserving palliative and supportive care.
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Temizci B, Kucukvardar S, Karabay A. Spastin Promotes the Migration and Invasion Capability of T98G Glioblastoma Cells by Interacting with Pin1 through Its Microtubule-Binding Domain. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030427. [PMID: 36766769 PMCID: PMC9913556 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-severing protein Spastin has been shown to co-localize with actin in migratory glioblastoma cells and is linked to glioblastomas' migration and invasion capacity. However, the effectiveness of Spastin in glioblastoma migration and the molecular mechanism underpinning the orientation of Spastin towards actin filaments remain unknown. Here, we demonstrated that Spastin plays an active role in glioblastoma migration by showing a reduced migratory potential of T98G glioblastoma cells using real-time cell analysis (RTCA) in Spastin-depleted cells. Pull-down assays revealed that a cis-trans isomerase Pin1 interacts with Spastin through binding to the phosphorylated Pin1 recognition motifs in the microtubule-binding domain (MBD), and immunocytochemistry analysis showed that interaction with Pin1 directs Spastin to actin filaments in extended cell regions. Consequently, by utilizing RTCA, we proved that the migration and invasion capacity of T98G glioblastoma cells significantly increased with the overexpression of Spastin, of which the Pin1 recognition motifs in MBD are constitutively phosphorylated, while the overexpression of phospho-mutant form did not have a significant effect on migration and invasion of T98G glioblastoma cells. These findings demonstrate that Pin1 is a novel interaction partner of Spastin, and their interaction drives Spastin to actin filaments, allowing Spastin to contribute to the glioblastomas' migration and invasion abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benan Temizci
- Molecular Biology-Genetics and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seren Kucukvardar
- Molecular Biology-Genetics and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Karabay
- Molecular Biology-Genetics and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-212-285-7257
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Jiang D, Cao J, Guo L, Chen Y, Yuan G, Huang J. Induction chemotherapy with sequential nimotuzumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective real-world study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32732. [PMID: 36705354 PMCID: PMC9876024 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Many locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients develop local recurrence or distant metastasis. Our retrospective real-world study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of curative sequential approach with induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation + nimotuzumab as first-line therapy in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. From 2015 to 2021, the clinic data of 117 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage III-IV a) who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-four patients in observation group received taxanes, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil/taxanes and cisplatin induction chemotherapy and nimotuzumab (200 mg, weekly) combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (cisplatin: 40 mg/m2 weekly; intensity-modulated radiation therapy); 63 patients in control group received same therapy without nimotuzumab. There was no significant difference in patients' characteristic baseline between 2 groups (P > .05). The complete response rate and objective response rate of the observational group was significantly higher than control group (46.30% vs 17.64%, P = .01; 96.30% vs 82.54%, P = .02). The median follow-up time was 24.77 (3.53-65.97) months. Both of the median progress free survival time and overall survival time were not reached. The 5-year progression-free survival rate of observation group was greater than control group (84.40% vs 63.70%, hazard ratios 0.365, 95% confidence intervals 0.147-0.909, P = .03). The 5-year overall survival rate of observation group and control group were 91.70% and 84.60%, respectively (P = .20). None of the patients withdrew from the study due to adverse events. Nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy as first-line therapy in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma can improve objective response rate and 5-year progress free survival rate with good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxian Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinxin Cao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Linying Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ge Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- * Correspondence: Jing Huang, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 South Renmin Avenue, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang 524001, China (e-mail: )
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Meco D, Attinà G, Mastrangelo S, Navarra P, Ruggiero A. Emerging Perspectives on the Antiparasitic Mebendazole as a Repurposed Drug for the Treatment of Brain Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021334. [PMID: 36674870 PMCID: PMC9862092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Repurposing approved non-antitumor drugs is a promising and affordable strategy in drug discovery to identify new therapeutic uses different from the original medical indication that may help increase the number of possible, effective anticancer drugs. The use of drugs in ways other than their original FDA-approved indications could offer novel avenues such as bypassing the chemoresistance and recurrence seen with conventional therapy and treatment; moreover, it can offer a safe and economic strategy for combination therapy. Recent works have demonstrated the anticancer properties of the FDA-approved drug Mebendazole. This synthetic benzimidazole proved effective against a broad spectrum of intestinal Helminthiasis. Mebendazole can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and has been shown to inhibit the malignant progression of glioma by targeting signaling pathways related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, or invasion/migration, or by increasing the sensitivity of glioma cells to conventional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Moreover, several preclinical models and ongoing clinical trials explore the efficacy of Mebendazole in multiple cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, brain cancer, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, lung carcinoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, prostate cancer, and head and neck cancer. The present review summarizes central literature regarding the anticancer effects of MBZ in cancer cell lines, animal tumor models, and clinical trials to suggest possible strategies for safe and economical combinations of anticancer therapies in brain cancer. Mebendazole might be an excellent candidate for the treatment of brain tumors because of its efficacy both when used as monotherapy and in combination as an enhancement to standard chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy, due to its effectiveness on tumor angiogenesis inhibition, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and targeting of critical pathways involved in cancer such as Hedgehog signaling. Therefore, attention to MBZ repurposing has recently increased because of its potential therapeutic versatility and significant clinical implications, such as reducing medical care costs and optimizing existing therapies. Using new treatments is essential, particularly when current therapeutics for patients with brain cancer fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Meco
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Attinà
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Mastrangelo
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Navarra
- Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ruggiero
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3058203; Fax: +39-06-3052751
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Mir AH, Iqbal MK, Banday MZ, Balkhi HM, Haq E. Combination of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Crocin Realign Potential Molecular Markers in U87-MG Glioma Cells. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2023; 98:100695. [PMID: 36936719 PMCID: PMC10015175 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Glial tumors are the most common primary malignant central nervous system tumors. They are hard to treat, not only because of the deregulation in multiple pathways but also because they are not contained in a well-defined mass with clear borders. The use of a single therapeutic agent to target gliomas has yielded unsatisfactory results. Objective A combination of molecules targeting multiple pathways may prove to be a better alternative. Methods The effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and crocin on the proliferation and death of U87-MG cells over a concentration range was analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. A colony formation assay was used to measure the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and crocin on contact inhibition and anchorage independence ability of U87-MG cells. Furthermore, apoptosis in U87-MG cells was analyzed by propidium iodide assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to determine the expression level of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Results Caffeic acid phenethyl ester and crocin when used in combination present an anticancer potential for glioma. These molecules, in combination, inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in U87-MG glioma cells. Our results provide evidence that combination treatment realigns the expression paradigm of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in cotreated U87-MG cells. Conclusions The combination of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and crocin led to inhibition in glioma cell proliferation and might prove to be an effective adjunct to the therapies in vogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashaq Hussain Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mir Khurshid Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mujeeb Zafar Banday
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Henah Mehraj Balkhi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ehtishamul Haq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Address correspondence to: Ehtishamul Haq, Department of Biotechnology, Ground Floor, Science Block, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Saleh HA, Mitwasi N, Ullrich M, Kubeil M, Toussaint M, Deuther-Conrad W, Neuber C, Arndt C, R. Loureiro L, Kegler A, González Soto KE, Belter B, Rössig C, Pietzsch J, Frenz M, Bachmann M, Feldmann A. Specific and safe targeting of glioblastoma using switchable and logic-gated RevCAR T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166169. [PMID: 37122703 PMCID: PMC10145173 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is still an incurable tumor that is associated with high recurrence rate and poor survival despite the current treatment regimes. With the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies, immunotherapies, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells, represent a promising approach for specific and effective targeting of GBM. However, CAR T cells can be associated with serious side effects. To overcome such limitation, we applied our switchable RevCAR system to target both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the disialoganglioside GD2, which are expressed in GBM. The RevCAR system is a modular platform that enables controllability, improves safety, specificity and flexibility. Briefly, it consists of RevCAR T cells having a peptide epitope as extracellular domain, and a bispecific target module (RevTM). The RevTM acts as a switch key that recognizes the RevCAR epitope and the tumor-associated antigen, and thereby activating the RevCAR T cells to kill the tumor cells. However, in the absence of the RevTM, the RevCAR T cells are switched off. In this study, we show that the novel EGFR/GD2-specific RevTMs can selectively activate RevCAR T cells to kill GBM cells. Moreover, we show that gated targeting of GBM is possible with our Dual-RevCAR T cells, which have their internal activation and co-stimulatory domains separated into two receptors. Therefore, a full activation of Dual-RevCAR T cells can only be achieved when both receptors recognize EGFR and GD2 simultaneously via RevTMs, leading to a significant killing of GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy A. Saleh
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Mitwasi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Kubeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Liliana R. Loureiro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Belter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Rössig
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Frenz
- Faculty Informatik and Wirtschaftsinformatik, Provadis School of International Management and Technology AG, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Bachmann,
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
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Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastases represent an aggressive stage of cancer with few durable treatment options. Improved understanding of cancer biology, neoplastic reliance on oncogenic driver mutations, and complex immune system interactions have resulted in an explosion in cancer-directed therapy in the last two decades to include small molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Most of these therapeutics are underexplored in patients with leptomeningeal metastases, limiting extrapolation of extracranial and even intracranial efficacy outcomes to the unique leptomeningeal space. Further confounding our interpretation of drug activity in the leptomeninges is an incomplete understanding of drug penetration through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of the choroid plexus. Nevertheless, a number of retrospective studies and promising prospective trials provide evidence of leptomeningeal activity of several small molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitors and underscore potential areas of further therapeutic development for patients harboring leptomeningeal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Wilcox
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Adrienne A Boire
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Nasrolahi A, Azizidoost S, Radoszkiewicz K, Najafi S, Ghaedrahmati F, Anbiyaee O, Khoshnam SE, Farzaneh M, Uddin S. Signaling pathways governing glioma cancer stem cells behavior. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110493. [PMID: 36228964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor that develops in the glial tissue. Several studies have identified that glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play important roles in tumor-initiating features in malignant gliomas. GCSCs are a small population in the brain that presents an essential role in the metastasis of glioma cells to other organs. These cells can self-renew and differentiate, which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of glioma. Therefore, targeting GCSCs might be a novel strategy for the treatment of glioma. Accumulating evidence revealed that several signaling pathways, including Notch, TGF-β, Wnt, STAT3, AKT, and EGFR mediated GCSC growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Besides, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, circular RNAs, and long ncRNAs have been found to play pivotal roles in the regulation of GCSC pathogenesis and drug resistance. Therefore, targeting these pathways could open a new avenue for glioma management. In this review, we summarized critical signaling pathways involved in the stimulation or prevention of GCSCs tumorigenesis and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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42
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El Atat O, Naser R, Abdelkhalek M, Habib RA, El Sibai M. Molecular targeted therapy: A new avenue in glioblastoma treatment. Oncol Lett 2022; 25:46. [PMID: 36644133 PMCID: PMC9811647 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, also referred to as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is grade IV astrocytoma characterized by being fast-growing and the most aggressive brain tumor. In adults, it is the most prevalent type of malignant brain tumor. Despite the advancements in both diagnosis tools and therapeutic treatments, GBM is still associated with poor survival rate without any statistically significant improvement in the past three decades. Patient's genome signature is one of the key factors causing the development of this tumor, in addition to previous radiation exposure and other environmental factors. Researchers have identified genomic and subsequent molecular alterations affecting core pathways that trigger the malignant phenotype of this tumor. Targeting intrinsically altered molecules and pathways is seen as a novel avenue in GBM treatment. The present review shed light on signaling pathways and intrinsically altered molecules implicated in GBM development. It discussed the main challenges impeding successful GBM treatment, such as the blood brain barrier and tumor microenvironment (TME), the plasticity and heterogeneity of both GBM and TME and the glioblastoma stem cells. The present review also presented current advancements in GBM molecular targeted therapy in clinical trials. Profound and comprehensive understanding of molecular participants opens doors for innovative, more targeted and personalized GBM therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula El Atat
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Rayan Naser
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Maya Abdelkhalek
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Ralph Abi Habib
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon,Correspondence to: Professor Mirvat El Sibai, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Koraytem Street, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon, E-mail:
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Baek IK, Cheong HS, Namgoong S, Kim JH, Kang SG, Yoon SJ, Kim SH, Chang JH, Kim LH, Shin HD. Two independent variants of epidermal growth factor receptor associated with risk of glioma in a Korean population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19014. [PMID: 36347915 PMCID: PMC9643523 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary tumors in the brain and spinal cord. In previous GWASs, SNPs in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been reported as risk loci for gliomas. However, EGFR variants associated with gliomas in the Korean population remain unstudied. This study explored the association of EGFR SNPs with the risk of glioma. We genotyped 13 EGFR exon SNPs in a case-control study that included 324 Korean patients diagnosed with glioma and 480 population-based controls. Statistical analyses of the association between EGFR SNPs and glioma risk were conducted using logistic regression. Both stepwise analysis and conditional logistic analysis were performed to identify independent associations among genotyped variants. We confirmed that two SNPs (rs2227983, rs1050171) were significantly associated with glioma (rs2227983: odds ratio = 1.42, Pcorr = 0.009; rs1050171: odds ratio = 1.68, Pcorr = 0.005). Additionally, the stepwise analysis and conditional logistic analysis indicated that both SNPs created variants with independent genetic effects. This study is the first to show evidence that functional variants of EGFR, namely, rs2227983 (K521R) and rs1050171 (Q787Q), are associated with an increased risk of glioma in the Korean population. Future work should confirm the functional association between EGFR variants and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Ki Baek
- grid.263736.50000 0001 0286 5954Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Research Institute for Life Science, GW Vitek, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Namgoong
- Research Institute for Life Science, GW Vitek, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- grid.267370.70000 0004 0533 4667Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Gu Kang
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Jin Yoon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Chang
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Research Institute for Life Science, GW Vitek, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- grid.263736.50000 0001 0286 5954Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107 Republic of Korea ,grid.263736.50000 0001 0286 5954Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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44
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Zhang G, Tan R, Wan S, Yang R, Hu X, Zhao E, Ding X, Zhang J, Li B, Liang P, Cui H. HECTD3 regulates the tumourigenesis of glioblastoma by polyubiquitinating PARP1 and activating EGFR signalling pathway. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1925-1938. [PMID: 36088509 PMCID: PMC9681879 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The E3 ubiquitin ligase HECTD3 is a homologue of the E6-related protein carboxyl terminus, which plays a crucial role in biological processes and tumourigenesis. However, the functional characterisation of HECTD3 in glioblastoma is still elusive. METHODS Determination of the functional role of HECTD3 in glioblastoma was made by a combination of HECTD3 molecular pattern analysis from human glioblastoma databases and subcutaneous and in situ injections of tumours in mice models. RESULTS This study reports that the DOC domain of HECTD3 interacts with the DNA binding domain of PARP1, and HECTD3 mediated the K63-linked polyubiquitination of PARP1 and stabilised the latter expression. Moreover, the Cysteine (Cys) 823 (ubiquitin-binding site) mutation of HECTD3 significantly reduced PARP1 polyubiquitination and HECTD3 was involved in the recruitment of ubiquitin-related molecules to PARP1 ubiquitin-binding sites (Lysines 209 and 221, respectively). Lastly, activation of EGFR-mediated signalling pathways by HECTD3 regulates PARP1 polyubiquitination. CONCLUSION Our results unveil the potential role of HECTD3 in glioblastoma and strongly preconise further investigation and consider HECTD3 as a promising therapeutic marker for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruoyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Sicheng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Erhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangfei Ding
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Li
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 400014, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, 400014, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.
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Kim E, Suh JS, Jang YK, Kim H, Choi G, Kim TJ. Harmine inhibits proliferation and migration of glioblastoma via ERK signalling. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kihira S, Mei X, Mahmoudi K, Liu Z, Dogra S, Belani P, Tsankova N, Hormigo A, Fayad ZA, Doshi A, Nael K. U-Net Based Segmentation and Characterization of Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4457. [PMID: 36139616 PMCID: PMC9496685 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gliomas are the most common primary brain neoplasms accounting for roughly 40−50% of all malignant primary central nervous system tumors. We aim to develop a deep learning-based framework for automated segmentation and prediction of biomarkers and prognosis in patients with gliomas. (2) Methods: In this retrospective two center study, patients were included if they (1) had a diagnosis of glioma with known surgical histopathology and (2) had preoperative MRI with FLAIR sequence. The entire tumor volume including FLAIR hyperintense infiltrative component and necrotic and cystic components was segmented. Deep learning-based U-Net framework was developed based on symmetric architecture from the 512 × 512 segmented maps from FLAIR as the ground truth mask. (3) Results: The final cohort consisted of 208 patients with mean ± standard deviation of age (years) of 56 ± 15 with M/F of 130/78. DSC of the generated mask was 0.93. Prediction for IDH-1 and MGMT status had a performance of AUC 0.88 and 0.62, respectively. Survival prediction of <18 months demonstrated AUC of 0.75. (4) Conclusions: Our deep learning-based framework can detect and segment gliomas with excellent performance for the prediction of IDH-1 biomarker status and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kihira
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xueyan Mei
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Keon Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Zelong Liu
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Siddhant Dogra
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Puneet Belani
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nadejda Tsankova
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adilia Hormigo
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zahi A. Fayad
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Amish Doshi
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kambiz Nael
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Tsai HP, Lin CJ, Wu CH, Chen YT, Lu YY, Kwan AL, Lieu AS. Prognostic Impact of Low-Level p53 Expression on Brain Astrocytomas Immunopositive for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4142-4151. [PMID: 36135196 PMCID: PMC9497491 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the expression of p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is associated with therapeutic resistance and patient outcomes in many malignancies, the relationship in astrocytomas is unclear. This study aims to correlate p53 and EGFR expression in brain astrocytomas with overall patient survival. Eighty-two patients with astrocytomas were enrolled in the study. Semi-quantitative p53 and EGFR immunohistochemical staining was measured in tumor specimens. The mean follow-up after astrocytoma surgery was 18.46 months. The overall survival rate was 83%. Survival was reduced in EGFR-positive patients compared with survival in EGFR-negative patients (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences in survival were detected between patients with high and low p53 expression. In patients with low p53 expression, positive EGFR staining was associated with significantly worse survival compared with patients with negative EGFR staining (log-rank test: p < 0.001). Survival rates in positive and negative EGFR groups with high p53 protein expression were similar (log-rank test: p = 0.919). The IC50 of an EGFR inhibitor was higher in GBM cells with high p53 protein expression compared with the IC50 in cells with low p53 expression. Combined EGFR and p53 expression may have prognostic significance in astrocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Pei Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ju Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Wu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Cosmetic Applications and Management Department, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ann-Shung Lieu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101
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Gusmão LA, Matsuo FS, Barbosa HFG, Tedesco AC. Advances in nano-based materials for glioblastoma multiforme diagnosis: A mini-review. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.836802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nano-based materials for diagnosis enables a more precise prognosis and results. Inorganic, organic, or hybrid nanoparticles using nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, extracellular vesicle systems, and others, with different molecular compositions, have been extensively explored as a better strategy to overcome the blood-brain barrier and target brain tissue and tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system, with a short, established prognosis. The delay in early detection is considered a key challenge in designing a precise and efficient treatment with the most encouraging prognosis. Therefore, the present mini-review focuses on discussing distinct strategies presented recently in the literature regarding nanostructures’ use, design, and application for GBM diagnosis.
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Gheata A, Gaulier G, Campargue G, Vuilleumier J, Kaiser S, Gautschi I, Riporto F, Beauquis S, Staedler D, Diviani D, Bonacina L, Gerber-Lemaire S. Photoresponsive Nanocarriers Based on Lithium Niobate Nanoparticles for Harmonic Imaging and On-Demand Release of Anticancer Chemotherapeutics. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2022; 2:355-366. [PMID: 35996436 PMCID: PMC9389616 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Nanoparticle-based
drug delivery systems have the potential for
increasing the efficiency of chemotherapeutics by enhancing the drug
accumulation at specific target sites, thereby reducing adverse side
effects and mitigating patient acquired resistance. In particular,
photo-responsive nanomaterials have attracted much interest due to
their ability to release molecular cargos on demand upon light irradiation.
In some settings, they can also provide complementary information
by optical imaging on the (sub)cellular scale. We herein present a
system based on lithium niobate harmonic nanoparticles (LNO HNPs)
for the decoupled multi-harmonic cell imaging and near-infrared light-triggered
delivery of an erlotinib derivative (ELA) for the treatment
of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-overexpressing carcinomas.
The ELA cargo was covalently conjugated to the surface
of silica-coated LNO HNPs through a coumarinyl photo-cleavable linker,
achieving a surface loading of the active molecule of 27 nmol/mg NPs.
The resulting nanoconjugates (LNO-CM-ELA NPs) were successfully
imaged upon pulsed laser excitation at 1250 nm in EGFR-overexpressing
human prostate cancer cells DU145 by detecting the second harmonic
emission at 625 nm, in the tissue transparency window. Tuning the
laser at 790 nm resulted in the uncaging of the ELA cargo
as a result of the second harmonic emission of the inorganic HNP core
at 395 nm. This protocol induced a significant growth inhibition in
DU145 cells, which was only observed upon specific irradiation at
790 nm, highlighting the promising capabilities of LNO-CM-ELA NPs for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gheata
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Gaulier
- Department of Applied Physics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, Genève CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Campargue
- Department of Applied Physics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, Genève CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Vuilleumier
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kaiser
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Lausanne, 7 Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne CH-1005, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Gautschi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Lausanne, 7 Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne CH-1005, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Davide Staedler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Lausanne, 7 Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne CH-1005, Switzerland
| | - Dario Diviani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Lausanne, 7 Rue du Bugnon, Lausanne CH-1005, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Bonacina
- Department of Applied Physics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, Genève CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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50
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Onel T, Yıldırım E, Dogan S, Yaba A. Determination of mTOR signal pathway in MMTV-TGFα mice ovary at different ages. J Histotechnol 2022; 46:80-89. [DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2022.2109883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Onel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E. Yıldırım
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S. Dogan
- Department of Medical Biology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A. Yaba
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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