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Asdaq SMB, Challa O, Alamri AS, Alsanie WF, Alhomrani M, Almutiri AH, Alshammari MS. Cytoprotective Potential of Aged Garlic Extract (AGE) and Its Active Constituent, S-allyl-l-cysteine, in Presence of Carvedilol during Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Disturbance and Metabolic Derangements in Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:3203. [PMID: 34071846 PMCID: PMC8198312 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the potential interaction of aged garlic extract (AGE) with carvedilol (CAR), as well as to investigate the role of S-allyl-l-cysteine (SAC), an active constituent of AGE, in rats with isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial dysfunction. At the end of three weeks of treatment with AGE (2 and 5 mL/kg) or SAC (13.1 and 32.76 mg/kg), either alone or along with CAR (10 mg/kg) in the respective groups of animals, ISO was administered subcutaneously to induce myocardial damage. Myocardial infarction (MI) diagnostic predictor enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine kinase (CK-MB), were measured in both serum and heart tissue homogenates (HTH). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) were estimated in HTH. When compared with other groups, the combined therapy of high doses of AGE and SAC given alone or together with CAR caused a significant decrease in serum LDH and CK-MB activities. Further, significant rise in the LDH and CK-MB activities in HTH was noticed in the combined groups of AGE and SAC with CAR. It was also observed that both doses of AGE and SAC significantly increased endogenous antioxidants in HTH. Furthermore, histopathological observations corroborated the biochemical findings. The cytoprotective potential of SAC and AGE were dose-dependent, and SAC was more potent than AGE. The protection offered by aged garlic may be attributed to SAC. Overall, the results indicated that a high dose of AGE and its constituent SAC, when combined with carvedilol, has a synergistic effect in preventing morphological and physiological changes in the myocardium during ISO-induced myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Obulesu Challa
- Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560035, India;
| | - Abdulhakeem S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (W.F.A.); (M.A.)
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa F. Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (W.F.A.); (M.A.)
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (W.F.A.); (M.A.)
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majed Sadun Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Ministry of National Guard, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia;
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Wang G, Hao M, Liu Q, Jiang Y, Huang H, Yang G, Wang C. Protective effect of recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in HUVEC cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:348-365. [PMID: 33973418 PMCID: PMC8110467 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study probed the protective effect of recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We constructed a new functional L. plantarum (NC8-pSIP409-alr-angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide (ACEIP)) with a double-gene-labeled non-resistant screen as an expression vector. A 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was carried out to determine the cell viability of HUVEC cells following pretreatment with NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to determine the apoptosis rate of HUVEC cells. Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)-3/8/9 activity was also assayed and western blotting was used to determine protein expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (gp91phox), angiotensin II (AngII), and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as well as corresponding indicators of oxidative stress, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP attenuated H2O2-induced cell death, as determined by the MTT assay. NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP reduced apoptosis of HUVEC cells by FCM. In addition, compared to the positive control, the oxidative stress index of the H2O2-induced HUVEC (Hy-HUVEC), which was pretreated by NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP, iNOS, gp91phox, MDA, and ROS, was decreased obviously; SOD expression level was increased; caspase-3 or -9 was decreased, but caspase-8 did not change; Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased; permeability changes of mitochondria were inhibited; and loss of transmembrane potential was prevented. Expression of the hypertension-related protein (AngII protein) in HUVEC cells protected by NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP decreased and expression of ACE2 protein increased. These plantarum results suggested that NC8-pSIP409-alr-ACEIP protects against H2O2-induced injury in HUVEC cells. The mechanism for this effect is related to enhancement of antioxidant capacity and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Mingyue Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yanlong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M, Rahbarghazi R, Ahmadi M, Bolboli L, Mahdipour M, Haghighi L, Hassanpour M, Sokouti Nasimi F, Keyhanmanesh R. Melatonin and prolonged physical activity attenuated the detrimental effects of diabetic condition on murine cardiac tissue. Tissue Cell 2021; 69:101486. [PMID: 33453677 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the combined effects of four-week swimming training and melatonin were examined on the oxidative response, inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis capacity of cardiac tissue in the mouse model of diabetes. The mice were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 10 per group) as follows: Control; Diabetic group; Diabetic + Melatonin group; Diabetic + Exercise group; and Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin group. 50 mg/kg streptozotocin was intraperitoneally administrated. In melatonin-treated groups, melatonin was injected intraperitoneally at 3 mg/kg body weight for four weeks and twice weekly. Swimming exercises were performed for four weeks. We measured cardiac superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase enzymes, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, Caspase‑3, Sirtuin1, and Connexin-43 was measured using real-time PCR analysis. The vascular density was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin antibodies. The combination of melatonin and exercise elevated cardiac superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase coincided with the reduction of malondialdehyde and increase of total antioxidant capacity as compared to the diabetic mice (p < 0.05). In Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin mice, tumor necrosis factor-α, Caspase‑3 was significantly down-regulated compared to the Diabetic group (p < 0.05). Melatonin and exercise suppressed the expression of Connexin-43 and Sirtuin1 in diabetic mice in comparison with the control mice (p < 0.05). H & E staining showed necrosis and focal hyperemia reduction in the Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin group compared to the Diabetic group. Data showed a decrease of CD31+ and α-smooth muscle actin+ vessels in the Diabetic group as compared to the normal samples (p < 0.05). The number of CD31+ vessels, but not α-smooth muscle actin+ type, increased in the Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin group compared to the Diabetic mice. These data demonstrated that exercise along with melatonin administration could diminish the detrimental effects of diabetes on cardiac tissue via using different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran; Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marefat Siahkouhian
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Lotfali Bolboli
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Haghighi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Akinlade OM, Owoyele B, Soladoye OA. Carvedilol improves heart rate variability indices, biomarkers but not cardiac nerve density in streptozotocin-induced T2DM model of diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:213-222. [PMID: 33735951 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There has been increasing recognition of the significant relationship between the autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular sequel in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) still poses a treatment challenge in the clinical settings despite several research interventions. This study was designed to investigate the effect of carvedilol on experimentally induced DCAN in type 2 DM rat model. METHODS DCAN was induced in 42 Wistar rats using high fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks, thereafter streptozotocin (STZ) at 25 mg/kg daily for five days. DCAN features were then assessed using non-invasive time and frequency varying holter electrocardiogram (ECG), invasive biomarkers, cardiac histology and cardiac nerve density. RESULTS Carvedilol significantly ameliorated the effects of DCAN on noradrenaline (p=0.010) and advanced glycated end products (AGEs) (p<0.0001). Similarly, carvedilol reversed the reduction in levels of antioxidants, sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD) activity (p=0.009) nerve growth factors (p<0.0001) and choline acetyl-transferase (p=0.031) following DCAN induction. Furthermore, heart rate variability (HRV) indices which were also reduced with DCAN induction were also ameliorated by carvedilol. However, carvedilol had no significant effect on cardiac neuronal dystrophy and reduced cardiac nerve densities. CONCLUSIONS Carvedilol improves physiological HRV indices and biomarkers but not structural lesions. Early detection of DCAN and intervention with carvedilol may prevent progression of autonomic neurologic sequel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olawale Mathias Akinlade
- Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.,Internal Medicine Department, Cardiology Unit, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Owoyele
- Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Ayodele Soladoye
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Etebari M, Naghsh-Nilchi F. Attenuation of hyperinsulinemia-induced DNA damage of peripheral lymphocytes by carvedilol. JOURNAL OF REPORTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Althnaian T, Albokhadai I, El-Bahr SM. Hepatic Gene Expression, Antioxidant Enzymes and Anti-diabetic Effect of Nigella sativa in Diabetic Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.265.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zheng W, Li D, Gao X, Zhang W, Robinson BO. Carvedilol alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:479-487. [PMID: 30651825 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional changes in the myocardium. Several studies have revealed that myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis occur during DCM. Studies have also indicated that oxidative stress may be a major factor associated with the development of DCM. Protein kinase C (PKC)β2 has been demonstrated to be activated in diabetic rats, and overexpression of PKCβ2 in the myocardium may result in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. The P66shc adaptor protein, which is mediated by PKCβ, serves an important role in apoptosis during oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the PKCβ2/P66shc oxidative stress pathway is associated with DCM, and to investigate the role and mechanisms of carvedilol in preserving cardiac function. Experimental diabetic rat models were induced by streptozotocin treatment accompanied by high energy intake. Carvedilol was orally administrated at a dose of 1 or 10 mg/kg/day. Cardiac function was evaluated by serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level and cardiac ultrasound. Myocardial inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and fibrosis were assessed by histopathological and echocardiographic analyses and tests for oxidative markers. Associated proteins and factors were examined by immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. Rats in the diabetes mellitus group exhibited significantly decreased systolic cardiac function along with elevated expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-PKCβ2, phos-P66shc, caspase-3, malondialdehyde, collagen type I, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, which were accompanied by disorder in metabolic processes. Treatment with carvedilol reversed these changes. Thus, the present results suggest that the PKCβ2/P66shc signaling pathway may be associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy; furthermore, carvedilol, as a novel β-receptor blocker, may protect the myocardium from injury by suppressing the myocardial inflammatory response, fibrosis, P66shc-mediated oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis in myocardial tissue. Consequently, carvedilol may have potential as a therapy for the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zheng
- Fourth Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- First Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Barry O Robinson
- Department of Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Services, Brookwood Health Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35211, USA
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Diogo CV, Deus CM, Lebiedzinska-Arciszewska M, Wojtala A, Wieckowski MR, Oliveira PJ. Carvedilol and antioxidant proteins in a type I diabetes animal model. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47:19-29. [PMID: 27805735 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes are at a high risk of developing both micro- and macrovascular disease. Hyperglycaemia seems to be the main factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, often based on increased oxidative stress. Carvedilol, a β-adrenergic blocker, has intrinsic antioxidant properties and was previously described to be effective in the protection of cardiac mitochondria against oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of carvedilol on hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial abnormalities in cardiac and skeletal muscle in streptozotocin-treated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Body mass, blood glucose, the level of protein carbonylation, caspase-9- and caspase-3-like activities, mitochondrial proteins, the status of antioxidant defence system and stress-related proteins were evaluated in streptozotocin vs streptozotocin + carvedilol (1 mg/kg/day)-treated rats. RESULTS The results showed that carvedilol decreased blood glucose in streptozotocin-treated animals. Content of catalase in the heart and SOD2, SOD1 and catalase in skeletal muscle were increased by carvedilol treatment in streptozotocin-treated animals. At this particular time point, streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia did not cause caspase activation or increase in protein carbonylation status. The data showed that carvedilol increased the level of antioxidant enzymes, what may contribute to preserve cell redox balance during hyperglycaemia. We also showed here for the first time that carvedilol effects on streptozotocin-treated rats are tissue dependent, with a more predominant effect on skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS Based on data showing modulation of the antioxidant network in the heart, carvedilol may be beneficial in diabetic patients without advanced disease complications, delaying their progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia V Diogo
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Biocant Park, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Cláudia M Deus
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Biocant Park, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Aleksandra Wojtala
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Biocant Park, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
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Liu J, DU C, Wang Y, Yu Z. Anti-fatigue activities of polysaccharides extracted from Hericium erinaceus.. Exp Ther Med 2014; 9:483-487. [PMID: 25574220 PMCID: PMC4280918 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (HEP) is a notable medicinal fungus grown in China and other oriental countries. Polysaccharides from HEP have recently attracted considerable attention due to their numerous physiological activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity of HEP in a mouse model. After one week of acclimation, mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a low-dose HEP-treated group, a moderate-dose HEP-treated group, and a high-dose HEP-treated group. The treated groups received HEP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, ig), while the control group received saline solution. Following treatment for 28 days, the mice performed a forced swimming test until they were exhausted, then the exhaustive swimming time was recorded along with certain biochemical parameters related to fatigue, including blood lactic acid (BLA), serum urea nitrogen (SUN), tissue glycogen, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA). These results suggested that HEP has significant anti-fatigue activity by decreasing BLA, SUN and MDA content, as well as increasing tissue glycogen content and antioxidant enzyme activity. Based on these results, this study provided theoretical support for the application of HEP in the field of sports nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Liu
- Section of Basketball, Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Congxin DU
- Section of Basketball, Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Section of Basketball, Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Yu
- School of Physical Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Hongshan, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
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Ivanović-Matić S, Bogojević D, Martinović V, Petrović A, Jovanović-Stojanov S, Poznanović G, Grigorov I. Catalase inhibition in diabetic rats potentiates DNA damage and apoptotic cell death setting the stage for cardiomyopathy. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:947-59. [PMID: 25298180 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that has a multifactorial etiology, with oxidative stress as an important component. Our previous observation of a significant diabetes-related increase in rat cardiac catalase (CAT) activity suggested that CAT could play a major role in delaying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Thus, in the present work, we examined the effects of the daily administration of the CAT inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (1 mg/g), on the hearts of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Administration of CAT inhibitor was started from the 15th day after the last STZ treatment (40 mg/kg/5 days), and maintained until the end of the 4th or 6th weeks of diabetes. Compared to untreated diabetic rats, at the end of the observation period, CAT inhibition lowered the induced level of cardiac CAT activity to the basal level and decreased CAT protein expression, mediated through a decline in the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 /nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (Nrf2/NF-κB p65) subunit ratio. The perturbed antioxidant defenses resulting from CAT inhibition promoted increased H₂O₂production (P < 0.05) and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05). Generated cytotoxic stimuli increased DNA damage (P < 0.05) and activated pro-apoptotic events, observed as a decrease (P < 0.05) in the ratio of the apoptosis regulator proteins Bcl-2/Bax, increased (P < 0.05) presence of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) 85 kDa apoptotic fragment and cytoplasmic levels of cytochrome C. These findings confirm an important function of CAT in the suppression of events leading to diabetes-promoted cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Ivanović-Matić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia,
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Oliveira RJS, de Oliveira VN, Deconte SR, Calábria LK, da Silva Moraes A, Espindola FS. Phaseolamin treatment prevents oxidative stress and collagen deposition in the hearts of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2014; 11:110-7. [PMID: 24553253 DOI: 10.1177/1479164114521643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes is often associated with an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant systems. This imbalance can contribute to high cardiac collagen content, which increases cross-linking and the stiffness of the myocardium. In this study, the protective effect of phaseolamin against damage under oxidative stress and collagen deposition in the cardiac tissue in association with diabetes was evaluated. Non-diabetic and diabetic animals were distributed into groups and treated for 20 days with commercial phaseolamin. The phaseolamin treatment increased total antioxidant activity but reduced the following in diabetic rats: (a) hyperglycaemic state, (b) catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and (c) tissue damage caused by lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the phaseolamin treatment attenuated the collagen levels compared to non-treated diabetic rats. Thus, the short-term anti-hyperglycaemic effect of the phaseolamin treatment may prevent the initial changes caused by oxidative stress and the deposition of collagen, as well as reduce the incidence of heart complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato J S Oliveira
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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El-Bahr SM. Curcumin regulates gene expression of insulin like growth factor, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 and antioxidant enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:368. [PMID: 24364912 PMCID: PMC3877970 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background The effects of curcumin on the activities and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (G-ST), B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in diabetic rats were studied. Methods Twenty four rats were assigned to three groups (8 rats for each). Rats of first group were non diabetic and rats of the second group were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ). Both groups received vehicle, corn oil only (5 ml/kg body weight) and served as negative and positive controls, respectively. Rats of the third group were rendered diabetic and received oral curcumin dissolved in corn oil at a dose of 15 mg/5 ml/kg body weight for 6 weeks. Results Diabetic rats showed significant increase of blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and activities of all antioxidant enzymes with significant reduction of reduced glutathione (GSH) compare to the control non diabetic group. Gene expression of Bcl2, SOD, CAT, GPX and GST was increased significantly in diabetic untreated rats compare to the control non diabetic group. The administration of curcumin to diabetic rats normalized significantly their blood sugar level and TBARS values and increased the activities of all antioxidant enzymes and GSH concentration. In addition, curcumin treated rats showed significant increase in gene expression of IGF-1, Bcl2, SOD and GST compare to non diabetic and diabetic untreated rats. Conclusion Curcumin was antidiabetic therapy, induced hypoglycemia by up-regulation of IGF-1 gene and ameliorate the diabetes induced oxidative stress via increasing the availability of GSH, increasing the activities and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and Bcl2. Further studies are required to investigate the actual mechanism of action of curcumin regarding the up regulation of gene expression of examined parameters.
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Sudhakara G, Ramesh B, Mallaiah P, Sreenivasulu N, Saralakumari D. Protective effect of ethanolic extract of Commiphora mukul gum resin against oxidative stress in the brain of streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar male rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2012; 11:576-592. [PMID: 27847446 PMCID: PMC5099874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Commiphora mukul gum resin (EtCMGR) against oxidative stress in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Wistar rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups: control (C), control treated with EtCMGR (C+CM), diabetic (D) and diabetic treated with EtCMGR (D+CM). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight). Plant extract treated groups (C+CM and D+CM) were administered EtCMGR at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight/day by gavage for 60 days. Diabetic rats showed hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia with impaired insulin sensitivity. EtCMGR treatment to diabetic (D+CM group) rats prevented the rise in glucose level by 96.7 %, while enhancing insulin level (77.7 %) and improving insulin sensitivity (27.3 %) compared to D group. The brain antioxidant status of D group rats showed higher levels of lipid peroxidation (77.9 %), protein glycation (100 %), and increased activities of xanthine oxidase (47.1 %) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (101.9 %) and lowered concentration of reduced glutathione (38.2 %) and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes i.e., glutathione reductase (24 %), glutathione peroxidase (24.4 %) and superoxide dismutase (42.1 %) and increased activities of catalase (87.4 %) and glutathione-S-transferase (45.3 %) compared to control group. While EtCMGR treatment for 60 days in D+CM group prevented the observed abnormalities of antioxidant status of D group. This study demonstrates that EtCMGR is a potent neuroprotective agent against oxidative damage induced under diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Sudhakara
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B. Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P. Mallaiah
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - N. Sreenivasulu
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - D. Saralakumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: D. Saralakumari, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, Andhra Pradesh, India; Tel: +91 08554 255879, M: +91 9440708370, E-mail:
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Khaksary Mahabady M, Najafzadeh Varzi H, Bakhtiari E. The effects of cyclophosphamide, melatonin and carvedilol on neural tube and skeletal system of mice fetuses in prenatal period. Ann Anat 2011; 193:459-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Al-Salami H, Butt G, Tucker I, Golocorbin-Kon S, Mikov M. Probiotics decreased the bioavailability of the bile acid analog, monoketocholic acid, when coadministered with gliclazide, in healthy but not diabetic rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2011; 37:99-108. [PMID: 21874525 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-011-0060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent studies we showed that gliclazide has no hypoglycemic effect on type 1 diabetic (T1D) rats while MKC does, and their combination exerted a better hypoglycemic effect than MKC alone. We also showed that the most hypoglycemic effect was noticed when T1D rats were treated with probiotics then gavaged with MKC + gliclazide (blood glucose decreased from 24 ± 3 to 10 ± 2 mmol/l). The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of probiotics on MKC pharmacokinetics when coadministered with gliclazide, in T1D rats. 80 male Wistar rats (weight 350 ± 50 g) were randomly allocated into 8 groups (10 rats/group), 4 of which were injected with alloxan (30 mg/kg) to induce T1D. Group 1 was healthy and group 2 was diabetic. Groups 3 (healthy) and 4 (diabetic) were gavaged with probiotics (75 mg/kg) every 12 h for 3 days and 12 h later all groups received a single oral dose of MKC + gliclazide (4 and 20 mg/kg respectively). The remaining 4 groups were treated in the same way but administered MKC + gliclazide via the i.v. route. Blood samples collected from T1D rats prior to MKC + gliclazide revealed that probiotic treatment alone reduced blood glucose levels twofold. When coadministered with gliclazide, the bioavailability of MKC was reduced in healthy rats treated with probiotics but remained the same in diabetic pretreated rats. The decrease in MKC bioavailability, when administered with gliclazide, caused by probiotic treatment in healthy but not diabetic rats suggests that probiotic treatment induced MKC metabolism or impaired its absorption, only in healthy animals. The different MKC bioavailability in healthy and diabetic rats could be explained by different induction of presystemic elimination of MKC in the gut by probiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Al-Salami
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Auyanet I, Rodríguez LJ, Rodríguez LJ, Sánchez AY, Esparza N, Cabrera F, Bosch E, Cardona P, Checa MD. [Clinical and pharmacological factors related to the requirements of laser photocoagulation in patients with diabetic nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes mellitus]. Med Clin (Barc) 2011; 137:152-6. [PMID: 21507434 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2010.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus whose prevalence is closely related to the presence of nephropathy and hypertension. The aim was to study clinical and pharmacological factors that are associated with an increased need for laser photocoagulation in patients with diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cross sectional study of 63 patients followed in the Diabetic Nephropathy consultation. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether or not previously have received photocoagulation. In each subgroup were studied demographic variables, anthropometric, laboratory, cardiovascular risk factors and treatment received by each patient for the control of hypertension, diabetes and others diseases. RESULTS We observed that the group had received photocoagulation had more years of diabetes evolution, more history of cardiovascular disease and a lower creatinine clearance. Similarly, the percentage of patients treated with carvedilol was significantly higher in the subgroup who had not received photocoagulation while the percentage of patients treated with beta-blockers was significantly higher in the subgroup that received photocoagulation; no significant differences was observed in the degree of control blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and pharmacological factors related to the requirements of laser photocoagulation were years of diabetes evolution, history of cardiovascular disease, the stage of kidney disease and the treatment with beta-blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Auyanet
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Insular Universitario de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, España.
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Budin SB, Othman F, Louis SR, Bakar MA, Das S, Mohamed J. The effects of palm oil tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and the vascular wall of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2009; 64:235-44. [PMID: 19330251 PMCID: PMC2666447 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322009000300015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of palm oil tocotrienol-rich fractions on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Animals were divided into three groups: (i) normal non-diabetic (NDM), (ii) diabetic treated (tocotrienol-rich fractions - TRF) and (iii) diabetic untreated (non-TRF). The treatment group received oral administration of tocotrienol-rich fractions (200 mg/kg body weight) daily for eight weeks. The normal non-diabetic and the diabetic untreated groups were fed standard rat feed. Blood glucose and lipid profiles, oxidative stress markers and morphological changes of the thoracic aorta were evaluated. RESULTS Tocotrienol-rich fractions treatment reduced serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations. The tocotrienol-rich fractions group also showed significantly lower levels of plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride, as compared to the untreated group. The tocotrienol-rich fractions group had higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as compared to the untreated group. Superoxide dismutase activity and levels of vitamin C in plasma were increased in tocotrienol-rich fractions-treated rats. The levels of plasma and aorta malondealdehyde + 4-hydroxynonenal (MDA + 4-HNE) and oxidative DNA damage were significant following tocotrienol-rich fractions treatment. Electron microscopic examination showed that the normal morphology of the thoracic aorta was disrupted in STZ-diabetic rats. Tocotrienol-rich fractions supplementation resulted in a protective effect on the vessel wall. CONCLUSION These results show that tocotrienol-rich fractions lowers the blood glucose level and improves dyslipidemia. Levels of oxidative stress markers were also reduced by administration of tocotrienol-rich fractions. Vessel wall integrity was maintained due to the positive effects mediated by tocotrienol-rich fractions.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/administration & dosage
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/ultrastructure
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Cholesterol/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Dietary Supplements
- Male
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Palm Oil
- Plant Oils/administration & dosage
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Streptozocin
- Tocotrienols/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Balkis Budin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan – Malaysia
| | - Faizah Othman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia - Malaysia
| | - Santhana Raj Louis
- Division of Electron Microscope, Institute for Medical Research - Malaysia
| | - Mokhtar Abu Bakar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia - Malaysia. Tel.: 603 40405645,
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia - Malaysia
| | - Jamaludin Mohamed
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan – Malaysia
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Matteucci E, Giampietro O. Proposal open for discussion: defining agreed diagnostic procedures in experimental diabetes research. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 115:163-172. [PMID: 17961942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Revised: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal experimentation has a long tradition in diabetes research and has provided invaluable benefits with regard to insulin discovery and treatment assessment. METHODS The review focuses on chemical-induced diabetes in rats and surveys the protocols of diabetes induction, diabetes diagnosis, and glucose tolerance evaluation in a selection of recent research. RESULTS This brief review of techniques in experimental diabetes highlights that there is no uniformity, whereas standardisation of procedures is desirable so that comparability will exist among experiments carried out in different settings. CONCLUSIONS On this basis, questions are put and standards are proposed. It would be a platform to promote the exchange of ideas through expert consultation about practical issues related to animal research and a basis on which standards can be set according to user requirements and animal respect.
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