1
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Chen Y, Li Y, Li B, Hu D, Dong Z, Lu F. Migrasomes from adipose derived stem cells enrich CXCL12 to recruit stem cells via CXCR4/RhoA for a positive feedback loop mediating soft tissue regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:219. [PMID: 38698419 PMCID: PMC11067256 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02482-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) represent the most advantageous choice for soft tissue regeneration. Studies proved the recruitment of ASCs post tissue injury was mediated by chemokine CXCL12, but the mechanism by which CXCL12 is generated after tissue injury remains unclear. Migrasomes are newly discovered membrane-bound organelles that could deliver CXCL12 spatially and temporally in vivo. In this study, we sought to investigate whether migrasomes participate ASC-mediated tissue regeneration. METHODS Discrepant and asymmetrical soft tissue regeneration mice model were established, in which HE staining, immunofluorescent staining, western blot and qPCR were conducted to confirm the role of CXCL12 and migrasomes in ASC-mediated tissue regeneration. Characterization of ASC-derived migrasomes were carried out by confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy as well as western blot analysis. The function and mechanism of migrasomes were further testified by assisting tissue regeneration with isolated migrasomes in vivo and by in vitro transwell combined with co-culture system. RESULTS Here, we show for the first time that migrasomes participate in soft tissue regeneration. ASCs generate migrasomes enriched with CXCL12 to mediate tissue regeneration. Migrasomes from ASCs could promote stem cells migration by activating CXCR4/RhoA signaling in vivo and in vitro. Chemoattracted ASCs facilitate regeneration, as demonstrated by the upregulation of an adipogenesis-associated protein. This positive feed-back-loop creates a favorable microenvironment for soft tissue regeneration. Thus, migrasomes represent a new therapeutic target for ASC-mediated tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a previously unknown function of ASCs in mediating tissue regeneration by generating migrasomes. The ASC-derived migrasomes can restore tissue regeneration by recruiting stem cells, which highlighting the potential application of ASC-derived migrasomes in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Delin Hu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China.
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China.
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2
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Inoue O, Goten C, Hashimuko D, Yamaguchi K, Takeda Y, Nomura A, Ootsuji H, Takashima S, Iino K, Takemura H, Halurkar M, Lim HW, Hwa V, Sanchez-Gurmaches J, Usui S, Takamura M. Single-cell transcriptomics identifies adipose tissue CD271 + progenitors for enhanced angiogenesis in limb ischemia. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101337. [PMID: 38118404 PMCID: PMC10772587 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis using mesenchymal stem/stromal cell grafts have shown modest and controversial effects in preventing amputation for patients with critical limb ischemia. Through single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human tissues, we identify CD271+ progenitors specifically from subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) as having the most prominent pro-angiogenic gene profile distinct from other stem cell populations. AT-CD271+ progenitors demonstrate robust in vivo angiogenic capacity over conventional adipose stromal cell grafts, characterized by long-term engraftment, augmented tissue regeneration, and significant recovery of blood flow in a xenograft model of limb ischemia. Mechanistically, the angiogenic capacity of CD271+ progenitors is dependent on functional CD271 and mTOR signaling. Notably, the number and angiogenic capacity of CD271+ progenitors are strikingly reduced in insulin-resistant donors. Our study highlights the identification of AT-CD271+ progenitors with in vivo superior efficacy for limb ischemia. Furthermore, we showcase comprehensive single-cell transcriptomics strategies for identification of suitable grafts for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oto Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chiaki Goten
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hashimuko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kosei Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ayano Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ootsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Takashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Iino
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiovascular and General Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Takemura
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiovascular and General Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Manasi Halurkar
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hee-Woong Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Vivian Hwa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Premium Research Institute for Human Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Soichiro Usui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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3
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Inoue O, Goten C, Hashimuko D, Yamaguchi K, Takeda Y, Nomura A, Ootsuji H, Takashima S, Iino K, Takemura H, Halurkar M, Lim HW, Hwa V, Sanchez-Gurmaches J, Usui S, Takamura M. Single cell transcriptomics identifies adipose tissue CD271+ progenitors for enhanced angiogenesis in limb ischemia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.09.527726. [PMID: 36865239 PMCID: PMC9980009 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.09.527726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis using mesenchymal stem/stromal cell grafts have shown modest and controversial effects in preventing amputation for patients with critical limb ischemia. Through single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human tissues, we identified CD271 + progenitors specifically from subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) as having the most prominent pro-angiogenic gene profile distinct from other stem cell populations. AT-CD271 + progenitors demonstrated robust in vivo angiogenic capacity, over conventional adipose stromal cell grafts, characterized by long-term engraftment, augmented tissue regeneration, and significant recovery of blood flow in a xenograft model of limb ischemia. Mechanistically, the angiogenic capacity of CD271 + progenitors is dependent on functional CD271 and mTOR signaling. Notably, the number and angiogenic capacity of CD271 + progenitors was strikingly reduced in insulin resistant donors. Our study highlights the identification of AT-CD271 + progenitors with in vivo superior efficacy for limb ischemia. Furthermore, we showcase comprehensive single-cell transcriptomics strategies for identification of suitable grafts for cell therapy. HIGHLIGHTS Adipose tissue stromal cells have a distinct angiogenic gene profile among human cell sources. CD271 + progenitors in adipose tissue have a prominent angiogenic gene profile. CD271 + progenitors show superior therapeutic capacities for limb ischemia. CD271 + progenitors are reduced and functionally impaired in insulin resistant donors. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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4
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Milan G, Conci S, Sanna M, Favaretto F, Bettini S, Vettor R. ASCs and their role in obesity and metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:994-1006. [PMID: 34625375 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs) in the structural/functional context of the adipose tissue (AT) stem niche (adiponiche), including cell-cell interactions and the microenvironment, and emphasize findings obtained in humans and in lineage-tracing models. ASCs have distinctive markers, 'colors', and anatomical 'locations' which influence their functions. Each adiponiche component can become impaired, thereby contributing to the pathological AT alterations seen in obesity and metabolic diseases. We discuss adiposopathy with a focus on adiponiche dysfunction, and underline the mechanisms that control AT expansion and energy balance. Better understanding of adiponiche regulation and ASC features could help to identify therapeutic targets that favor weight loss and counteract weight regain, and also contribute to innovative strategies for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Milan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, Padua Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Scilla Conci
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, Padua Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Sanna
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, Padua Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Favaretto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, Padua Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Bettini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, Padua Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, Padua Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
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5
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Shaik S, Martin E, Hayes D, Gimble J, Devireddy R. microRNA Sequencing of CD34+ Sorted Adipose Stem Cells Undergoing Endotheliogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:265-288. [PMID: 33397204 PMCID: PMC7994430 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While several microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate the endotheliogenesis and further promote angiogenesis have been identified in various cancers, the identification of miRNAs that can drive the differentiation of adipose derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) into the endothelial lineage has been largely unexplored. In this study, CD34+ ASCs sorted using magnetic bead separation were induced to differentiate along the endothelial pathway. miRNA sequencing of ASCs at day 3, 9, and 14 of endothelial differentiation was performed on Ion Proton sequencing system. The data obtained by this high-throughput method were aligned to the human genome HG38, and the differentially expressed miRNAs during endothelial differentiation at various time points (day 3, 9, and 14) were identified. The gene targets of the identified miRNAs were obtained through miRWalk database. The network-pathway analysis of miRNAs and their targets was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) bioinformatic tools to determine the potential candidate miRNAs that promote endothelial differentiation. Based on these analyses, six upregulated miRNAs (miR-181a-5p, miR-330-5p, miR-335-3p, miR-15b-5p, miR-99a-5p, and miR-199a-5p) and six downregulated miRNAs (miR-145-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-193a-3p, miR-125a-5p, miR-221-5p, and miR-222-3p) were chosen for further studies. In vitro evaluation of these miRNAs to induce endothelial differentiation when transfected into CD34+ sorted ASCs was studied using Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) staining and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Our results suggest that miRNAs: 335-5p, 330-5p, 181a-5p and anti-miRNAs: 125a-5p, 145-5p can likely induce endothelial differentiation in CD34+ sorted ASCs. Further studies are clearly required to elucidate the specific mechanisms on how miRNAs or anti-miRNAs identified through bioinformatics approach can induce the endotheliogenesis in ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahensha Shaik
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth Martin
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniel Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gimble
- La Cell, LLC and Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ram Devireddy
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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6
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Diffuse Dermal Angiomatosis: Report of a Classic Case With a Comment on the Pathophysiology Based on the Histologic Findings. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 42:354-355. [PMID: 31833841 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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The Release of Adipose Stromal Cells from Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Regulates Ectopic Intramuscular Adipocyte Deposition. Cell Rep 2020; 27:323-333.e5. [PMID: 30970240 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lipid deposition (ELD) is defined by excess fat storage in locations not classically associated with adipose tissue (AT) storage. ELD is positively correlated with insulin resistance and increased risk of metabolic disorders. ELD appears as lipid droplets or adipocytes, whose cell origin is unknown. We previously showed that subcutaneous AT (ScAT) releases adipocyte progenitors into the circulation. Here, we demonstrate that triggering or preventing the release of adipocyte precursors from ScAT directly promoted or limited ectopic adipocyte formation in skeletal muscle in mice. Importantly, obesity-associated metabolic disorders could be mimicked by causing adipocyte precursor release without a high-fat diet. Finally, during nutrient overload, adipocyte progenitors exited ScAT, where their retention signals (CXCR4/CXCL12 axis) were greatly decreased, and further infiltrated skeletal muscles. These data provide insights into the formation of ELD associated with calorie overload and highlight adipocyte progenitor trafficking as a potential target in the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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8
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Forghani A, Koduru SV, Chen C, Leberfinger AN, Ravnic DJ, Hayes DJ. Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived CD34+/CD31- Cells into Endothelial Cells In Vitro. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 6:101-110. [PMID: 33344757 PMCID: PMC7747864 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, CD34+/CD31- progenitor cells were isolated from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue using magnetic activated cell sorting. The endothelial differentiation capability of these cells in vitro was evaluated by culturing them in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced medium for 14 days. Viability, proliferation, differentiation and tube formation of these cells were evaluated. Cell viability study revealed that both undifferentiated and endothelial differentiated cells remained healthy for 14 days. However, the proliferation rate was higher in undifferentiated cells compared to endothelial differentiated ones. Upregulation of endothelial characteristic genes (Von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and VE Cadherin) was observed in 2D culture. However, PECAM (CD31) was only found to be upregulated after the cells had formed tube-like structures in 3D Matrigel culture. These results indicate that adipose derived CD34+/CD31- cells when cultured in VEGF induced medium, are capable differentiation into endothelial-like lineages. Tube formation of the cells started 3h after seeding the cells on Matrigel and formed more stable and connected network 24 h post seeding in presence of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoosha Forghani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Srinivas V Koduru
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashley N Leberfinger
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dino J Ravnic
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel J Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Materials Characterization Lab, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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9
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The Roles of Podoplanin-Positive/Podoplanin-Negative Cells from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Lymphatic Regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 145:420-431. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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di Somma M, Vliora M, Grillo E, Castro B, Dakou E, Schaafsma W, Vanparijs J, Corsini M, Ravelli C, Sakellariou E, Mitola S. Role of VEGFs in metabolic disorders. Angiogenesis 2019; 23:119-130. [PMID: 31853841 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders are important public health problems. In this review, the role of vasculature network and VEGF in the adipose tissue maintenance and supplementation is discussed. Angiogenesis is a key process implicated in regulation of tissues homeostasis. Dysregulation of new blood vessels formation may be crucial and contribute to the onset of several pathological conditions, including metabolic syndrome-associated disorders. Adipose tissue homeostasis is fine regulated by vascular network. Vessels support adipose structure. Vasculature modulates the balance between positive and negative regulator factors. In white adipose tissue, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) controls the metabolic activities of adipocytes promoting the trans-differentiation from white to beige phenotype. Trans-differentiation results in an increase of energy consumption. VEGF exerts an opposite effect on brown adipose tissue, where VEGF increases oxygen supply and improves energy expenditure inducing the whitening of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M di Somma
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Vliora
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - E Grillo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - B Castro
- Histocell, S.L.Parque Tecnológico 801A, 2º, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - E Dakou
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Schaafsma
- Histocell, S.L.Parque Tecnológico 801A, 2º, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J Vanparijs
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Corsini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Ravelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Sakellariou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - S Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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11
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Kurita K, Ishikawa K, Takeda K, Fujimoto M, Ono H, Kumagai J, Inoue H, Yokoh H, Yokote K. CXCL12-CXCR4 pathway activates brown adipocytes and induces insulin resistance in CXCR4-deficient mice under high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6165. [PMID: 30992469 PMCID: PMC6467900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a role in energy expenditure and is involved in nutrient metabolism. C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)-CXCR4 pathway regulates the immune, nervous, and cardiovascular systems and affects the adipose tissue. Here, we investigated the role of this pathway as an activator of BAT. Uncoupling protein 1 mRNA and protein levels and oxygen consumption increased in the brown adipocytes treated with 100 nM CXCL12 peptide. CXCL12-mediated upregulation in P38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) levels was reduced by each inhibitor. Thus, the CXCL12-CXCR4 pathway activated the brown adipocytes through P38 and ERK that acted downstream of this pathway. Mice with CXCR4 defects only in the brown adipocytes were generated and fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Body weight and blood glucose after glucose injection increased in these mice. Long-term exposure to HFD deteriorated blood glucose level after glucose injection. Insulin sensitivity was exacerbated in the knockout mice fed with HFD. Serum lipid parameters and CXCL12 level in knockout mice were similar to those in control mice. These results suggest that the CXCL12-CXCR4 pathway induces brown adipocyte activity and affects nutrient metabolism under HFD load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kurita
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ko Ishikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan. .,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Kenji Takeda
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masanori Fujimoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiraku Ono
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Jin Kumagai
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiromi Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yokoh
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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12
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Deconstructing Adipogenesis Induced by β3-Adrenergic Receptor Activation with Single-Cell Expression Profiling. Cell Metab 2018; 28:300-309.e4. [PMID: 29937373 PMCID: PMC6082711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recruitment of brown/beige adipocytes (BAs) in white adipose tissue (WAT) involves proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte stem cells (ASCs) in concert with close interactions with resident immune cells. To deconvolve stromal cell heterogeneity in a comprehensive and unbiased fashion, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of >33,000 stromal/vascular cells from epididymal WAT (eWAT) and inguinal WAT (iWAT) under control conditions and during β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) activation. scRNA-seq identified distinct ASC subpopulations in eWAT and iWAT that appeared to be differentially poised to enter the adipogenic pathway. ADRB3 activation triggered the dramatic appearance of proliferating ASCs in eWAT, whose differentiation into BAs could be inferred from a single time point. scRNA-seq identified various immune cell types in eWAT, including a proliferating macrophage subpopulation that occupies adipogenic niches. These results demonstrate the power of scRNA-seq to deconstruct adipogenic niches and suggest novel functional interactions among resident stromal cell subpopulations.
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13
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Gonçalves AI, Miranda MS, Rodrigues MT, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Magnetic responsive cell-based strategies for diagnostics and therapeutics. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:054001. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aac78b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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14
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Shear stress: An essential driver of endothelial progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 118:46-69. [PMID: 29549046 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The blood flow through vessels produces a tangential, or shear, stress sensed by their innermost layer (i.e., endothelium) and representing a major hemodynamic force. In humans, endothelial repair and blood vessel formation are mainly performed by circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) characterized by a considerable expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), CD34, and CD133, pronounced tube formation activity in vitro, and strong reendothelialization or neovascularization capacity in vivo. EPCs have been proposed as a promising agent to induce reendothelialization of injured arteries, neovascularization of ischemic tissues, and endothelialization or vascularization of bioartificial constructs. A number of preconditioning approaches have been suggested to improve the regenerative potential of EPCs, including the use of biophysical stimuli such as shear stress. However, in spite of well-defined influence of shear stress on mature endothelial cells (ECs), articles summarizing how it affects EPCs are lacking. Here we discuss the impact of shear stress on homing, paracrine effects, and differentiation of EPCs. Unidirectional laminar shear stress significantly promotes homing of circulating EPCs to endothelial injury sites, induces anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic phenotype of EPCs, increases their capability to form capillary-like tubes in vitro, and enhances differentiation of EPCs into mature ECs in a dose-dependent manner. These effects are mediated by VEGFR2, Tie2, Notch, and β1/3 integrin signaling and can be abrogated by means of complementary siRNA/shRNA or selective pharmacological inhibitors of the respective proteins. Although the testing of sheared EPCs for vascular tissue engineering or regenerative medicine applications is still an unaccomplished task, favorable effects of unidirectional laminar shear stress on EPCs suggest its usefulness for their preconditioning.
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Oliva-Olivera W, Moreno-Indias I, Coín-Aragüez L, Lhamyani S, Alcaide Torres J, Fernández-Veledo S, Vendrell J, Camargo A, El Bekay R, Tinahones FJ. Different response to hypoxia of adipose-derived multipotent cells from obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188324. [PMID: 29166648 PMCID: PMC5699836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Multiple studies suggest that hypoxia, together with inflammation, could be one of the phenomena involved in the onset and progression of obesity-related insulin resistance. In addition, dysfunction of adipose tissue in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome is associated with decreased angiogenesis. However, some subjects with a high body mass index do not develop metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. The aim of the current study was to examine the neovascular properties of visceral adipose tissue-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells subjected to hypoxia (hypox-visASCs) from normal-weight subjects (Nw) and obese patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and without metabolic syndrome (NonMS). Methods This was a 2-year study to enroll subjects who underwent bariatric surgery or cholecystectomy. Eight patients who underwent either bariatric surgery or cholecystectomy (27 patients) participated in the study. Visceral adipose tissue samples from Nw, MS and NonMS subjects were processed by enzymatic digestion. VisASCs cultured under hypoxic conditions were characterized by tubule formation assay, ELISA, flow cytometry, migration rate, and qRT-PCR, and the effects of visASCs-conditioned medium on survival and endothelial cell tubule formation were evaluated. Results Hypox-visASCs from NonMS subjects showed a greater capacity for tubule formation than hypox-visASCs from Nw and MS subjects. The lower percentage of CD140b+/CD44+ and CD140b+/CD184+ cells observed in hypox-visASCs from NonMS subjects compared to MS subjects was accompanied not only by a lower migration rate from the chemotactic effects of stromal cell derived factor 1α, but also by lower levels of NOX5 mRNA expression. While the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 mRNA expressed by hypox-visASCs correlated positively with the body mass index and waist circumference of the subjects, the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor present in hypox-visASC-conditioned culture medium decreased significantly with increasing plasma glucose. The survival rate and tubules formed by endothelial cells cultured in hypox-visASC-conditioned medium decreased significantly with increasing homeostasis model assessment to quantify insulin resistance. Conclusions Our results suggest that hypox-visASCs from NonMS subjects could promote healthy adipose tissue expansion, while hypox-visASCs from MS subjects appear to contribute to the decreased angiogenic potential and increased inflammation underlying adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. Our results emphasize the importance of taking into account not only the BMI but also the metabolic profile of the subjects during the implementation of ASCs-based therapy to promote neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FJT); (REB); (WOO)
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Coín-Aragüez
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Research Laboratory, Science School, University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Alcaide Torres
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovirai Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Camargo
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FJT); (REB); (WOO)
| | - Francisco José Tinahones
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital of Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (FJT); (REB); (WOO)
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Ehrlund A, Acosta JR, Björk C, Hedén P, Douagi I, Arner P, Laurencikiene J. The cell-type specific transcriptome in human adipose tissue and influence of obesity on adipocyte progenitors. Sci Data 2017; 4:170164. [PMID: 29087381 PMCID: PMC5663208 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2017.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects gene expression and metabolism of white adipose tissue (WAT),
which results in insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. However, WAT is a
heterogeneous organ containing many cell types that might respond differently to
obesity-induced changes. We performed flow cytometry sorting and RNA expression
profiling by microarray of major WAT cell types (adipocytes,
CD45−/CD31−/CD34+ progenitors, CD45+/CD14+ monocytes/
macrophages, CD45+/CD14− leukocytes), which allowed us to identify genes
enriched in specific cell fractions. Additionally, we included adipocytes and
adipocyte progenitor cells obtained from lean and obese individuals. Taken
together, we provide a detailed gene expression atlas of major human adipose
tissue resident cell types for clinical/basic research and using this dataset
provide lists of cell-type specific genes that are of interest for metabolic
research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ehrlund
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Juan R Acosta
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Christel Björk
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Per Hedén
- Akademikliniken, Storängsvägen 10, Stockholm SE-115 42, Sweden
| | - Iyadh Douagi
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
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Louka DA, Holwell N, Thomas BH, Chen F, Amsden BG. Highly Bioactive SDF-1α Delivery from Low-Melting-Point, Biodegradable Polymer Microspheres. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:3747-3758. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra A. Louka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nathan Holwell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Brandon H. Thomas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Brian G. Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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18
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Gaborit B, Sengenes C, Ancel P, Jacquier A, Dutour A. Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease: A Matter of Fat? Compr Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28640452 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a small but very biologically active ectopic fat depot that surrounds the heart. Given its rapid metabolism, thermogenic capacity, unique transcriptome, secretory profile, and simply measurability, epicardial fat has drawn increasing attention among researchers attempting to elucidate its putative role in health and cardiovascular diseases. The cellular crosstalk between epicardial adipocytes and cells of the vascular wall or myocytes is high and suggests a local role for this tissue. The balance between protective and proinflammatory/profibrotic cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines released by EAT seem to be a key element in atherogenesis and could represent a future therapeutic target. EAT amount has been found to predict clinical coronary outcomes. EAT can also modulate cardiac structure and function. Its amount has been associated with atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and sleep apnea syndrome. Conversely, a beiging fat profile of EAT has been identified. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge regarding the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiological role of EAT, and the factors more globally leading to ectopic fat development. We will also highlight the most recent findings on the origin of this ectopic tissue, and its association with cardiac diseases. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1051-1082, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Gaborit
- NORT, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, NORT, Marseille, France.,Endocrinology Metabolic Diseases, and Nutrition Department, Pole ENDO, APHM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Coralie Sengenes
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, EFS, ENVT, Inserm U1031, ERL CNRS 5311, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Ancel
- NORT, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, NORT, Marseille, France
| | - Alexis Jacquier
- CNRS UMR 7339, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Marseille, France.,Radiology department, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Dutour
- NORT, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, NORT, Marseille, France.,Endocrinology Metabolic Diseases, and Nutrition Department, Pole ENDO, APHM, Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
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19
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van den Berg SM, van Dam AD, Rensen PCN, de Winther MPJ, Lutgens E. Immune Modulation of Brown(ing) Adipose Tissue in Obesity. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:46-68. [PMID: 27849358 DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with a variety of medical conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and is therefore responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. Increasing energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a current novel strategy to reduce the excessive energy stores in obesity. Brown adipocytes burn energy to generate heat and are mainly activated upon cold exposure. As prolonged cold exposure is not a realistic therapy, researchers worldwide are searching for novel ways to activate BAT and/or induce beiging of white adipose tissue. Recently, the contribution of immune cells in the regulation of brown adipocyte activity and beiging of white adipose tissue has gained increased attention, with a prominent role for eosinophils and alternatively activated macrophages. This review discusses the rediscovery of BAT, presents an overview of modes of activation and differentiation of beige and brown adipocytes, and describes the recently discovered immunological pathways that are key in mediating brown/beige adipocyte development and function. Interventions in immunological pathways harbor the potential to provide novel strategies to increase beige and brown adipose tissue activity as a therapeutic target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M van den Berg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ The Netherlands
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; and
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; and
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
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20
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Elkilani OA, Soliman MA. Angiogenesis mediators in women with idiopathic heavy menstrual bleeding. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2016; 136:280-284. [PMID: 28099683 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and mature endothelial cells in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). METHODS In a prospective observational study, women with idiopathic HMB and control individuals attending Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt, between August 2015 and January 2016 were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were a regular menstrual cycle, a normal coagulation study, and no anomalous ultrasonographic or hysteroscopic findings. Blood samples were collected during different phases of the menstrual cycle (day 5, ovulation, day 24) for measurement of the SDF-1 plasma level (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and for quantification of mature endothelial cells (by flow cytometry). RESULTS Overall, 20 women with HMB and 10 control individuals were enrolled. The SDF-1 level was significantly lower in the HMB group than in the control group during all phases of the menstrual cycle (P≤0.05 for all). The percentage of mature endothelial cells was significantly higher in the HMB group than among controls (P<0.001 for all). The SDF-1 level and the percentage of endothelial cells were negatively correlated throughout the cycle (P<0.001 for all). CONCLUSION Some mediators of angiogenesis, such as SDF-1 and endothelial cells, are disturbed in women with idiopathic HMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A Elkilani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Soliman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
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21
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Wu NN, Zhang CH, Lee HJ, Ma Y, Wang X, Ma XJ, Ma W, Zhao D, Feng YM. Brown adipogenic potential of brown adipocytes and peri-renal adipocytes from human embryo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39193. [PMID: 27982067 PMCID: PMC5159842 DOI: 10.1038/srep39193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both brown adipocytes (BAC) and beige cells hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, the amount and activity of these cells are limited in adults. Although BAC marker expression has been shown in peri-renal adipose tissues in children and adults, functional assessment is lacking. Furthermore, it is entirely unknown whether adipose progenitors are present in human embryo and able to give rise to BAC in situ during evolution. Therefore, adipose tissues in the interscapular and peri-renal regions were dissected from human embryo and subcutaneous white adipose tissues (sWAT) were obtained from an adult. After subjected to differentiation in vitro, adipocyte progenitors were detected present in all these adipose tissues. When stimulated for adipogenesis, differentiated adipocytes in the intercapular and peri-renal regions showed similar features: (1) induced BAC and beige cell marker expression including UCP1 and PRDM16 and comparable mitochondrion copy number; (2) similar gene expression patterns by RNA-Seq analysis; and (3) similar maximal oxygen consumption rates examined by respirometry. Nevertheless, stimulation of adipocyte progenitors in sWAT induces neither BAC and beige cell marker expression nor any change of oxygen consumption. In conclusion, peri-renal adipocyte progenitors in human embryo hold browning potential for BAC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Chuan-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hyuek-Jong Lee
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Ying-Mei Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
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22
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Yoshizumi Y, Yukawa H, Iwaki R, Fujinaka S, Kanou A, Kanou Y, Yamada T, Nakagawa S, Ohara T, Nakagiri K, Ogihara Y, Tsutsui Y, Hayashi Y, Ishigami M, Baba Y, Ishikawa T. Immunomodulatory Effects of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells on Concanavalin A-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. CELL MEDICINE 2016; 9:21-33. [PMID: 28174672 DOI: 10.3727/215517916x693159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy with adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) is expected to be a candidate for the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), which is caused by excessive immune responses. In order to evaluate the therapeutic effects of ASCs on FHF, the in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory effects of ASCs were examined in detail in the mouse model. The in vitro effects of ASCs were examined by assessing their influence on the proliferation of lymphomononuclear cells (LMCs) stimulated with three kinds of mitogens: phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus ionomycin, concanavalin A (ConA), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The proliferation of LMCs was efficiently suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by ASCs in the cases of PMA plus ionomycin stimulation and ConA stimulation, but not in the case of LPS stimulation. The in vivo effects of transplanted ASCs were examined in the murine FHF model induced by ConA administration. The ALT levels and histological inflammatory changes in the ConA-administered mice were apparently relieved by the transplantation of ASCs. The analysis of mRNA expression patterns in the livers indicated that the expressions of the cytokines such as Il-6, Il-10, Ifn-γ, and Tnf-α, and the cell surface markers such as Cd3γ, Cd4, Cd8α, Cd11b, and Cd11c were downregulated in the ASC-transplanted mice. The immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects of ASCs were confirmed in the mouse model both in vitro and in vivo. These suggest that the cell therapy with ASCs is beneficial for the treatment of FHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuma Yoshizumi
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- †ImPACT Research Center for Innovative Nanobiodevices, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan; ‡Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryoji Iwaki
- § Kinuura-Tobu Health Care Center , Kariya , Japan
| | - Sanae Fujinaka
- ¶ Department of Clinical Laboratories, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Ayano Kanou
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yuki Kanou
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamada
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Shingo Nakagawa
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Tomomi Ohara
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Kenta Nakagiri
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogihara
- ‡ Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yoko Tsutsui
- † ImPACT Research Center for Innovative Nanobiodevices, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yumi Hayashi
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- # Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Showa-ku, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- †ImPACT Research Center for Innovative Nanobiodevices, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan; ‡Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Higashi-ku, Nagoya , Japan
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23
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Zwierzina ME, Ejaz A, Bitsche M, Blumer MJF, Mitterberger MC, Mattesich M, Amann A, Kaiser A, Pechriggl EJ, Hörl S, Rostek U, Pierer G, Fritsch H, Zwerschke W. Characterization of DLK1(PREF1)+/CD34+ cells in vascular stroma of human white adipose tissue. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15:403-18. [PMID: 26342195 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorting of native (unpermeabilized) SVF-cells from human subcutaneous (s)WAT for cell surface staining (cs) of DLK1 and CD34 identified three main populations: ~10% stained cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34-, ~20% cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34+dim and ~45% cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+. FACS analysis after permeabilization showed that all these cells stained positive for intracellular DLK1, while CD34 was undetectable in cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34- cells. Permeabilized cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+ cells were positive for the pericyte marker α-SMA and the mesenchymal markers CD90 and CD105, albeit CD105 staining was dim (cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/CD90+/CD105+dim/α-SMA+/CD45-/CD31-). Only these cells showed proliferative and adipogenic capacity. Cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34- and cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34+dim cells were also α-SMA+ but expressed CD31, had a mixed hematopoietic and mesenchymal phenotype, and could neither proliferate nor differentiate into adipocytes. Histological analysis of sWAT detected DLK1+/CD34+ and DLK1+/CD90+ cells mainly in the outer ring of vessel-associated stroma and at capillaries. DLK1+/α-SMA+ cells were localized in the CD34- perivascular ring and in adventitial vascular stroma. All these DLK1+ cells possess a spindle-shaped morphology with extremely long processes. DLK1+/CD34+ cells were also detected in vessel endothelium. Additionally, we show that sWAT contains significantly more DLK1+ cells than visceral (v)WAT. We conclude that sWAT has more DKL1+ cells than vWAT and contains different DLK1/CD34 populations, and only cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/CD90+/CD105+dim/α-SMA+/CD45-/CD31- cells in the adventitial vascular stroma exhibit proliferative and adipogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit E Zwierzina
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael J F Blumer
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria C Mitterberger
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Mattesich
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth J Pechriggl
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Hörl
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Rostek
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pierer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Fritsch
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: Myth or Reality of the 21th Century. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:734731. [PMID: 26300923 PMCID: PMC4537770 DOI: 10.1155/2015/734731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the 1960s and the therapeutic use of hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow origin, there has been an increasing interest in the study of undifferentiated progenitors that have the ability to proliferate and differentiate into various tissues. Stem cells (SC) with different potency can be isolated and characterised. Despite the promise of embryonic stem cells, in many cases, adult or even fetal stem cells provide a more interesting approach for clinical applications. It is undeniable that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or Wharton's Jelly are of potential interest for clinical applications in regenerative medicine because they are easily available without ethical problems for their uses. During the last 10 years, these multipotent cells have generated considerable interest and have particularly been shown to escape to allogeneic immune response and be capable of immunomodulatory activity. These properties may be of a great interest for regenerative medicine. Different clinical applications are under study (cardiac insufficiency, atherosclerosis, stroke, bone and cartilage deterioration, diabetes, urology, liver, ophthalmology, and organ's reconstruction). This review focuses mainly on tissue and organ regeneration using SC and in particular MSC.
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Cousin B, Casteilla L, Laharrague P, Luche E, Lorsignol A, Cuminetti V, Paupert J. Immuno-metabolism and adipose tissue: The key role of hematopoietic stem cells. Biochimie 2015; 124:21-26. [PMID: 26107410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of immunometabolism has come a long way in the past decade, leading to the emergence of a new role for white adipose tissue (WAT) that is now recognized to stand at the junction of immune and metabolic regulations. Interestingly, a crucial role of the abundant and heterogeneous immune population present in WAT has been proposed in the induction and development of metabolic diseases. Although a large body of data focused on mature immune cells, only few scattered studies are dedicated to leukocyte production, and the activity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in these pathological states. Considering that blood cell production and the differentiation of HSCs and their progeny is orchestrated, in part, by complex interacting signals emanating from their microenvironment, it thus seems worth to better understand the relationships between metabolism and HSC. This review discusses the alterations of hematopoietic process described in metabolic diseases and focused on the emerging data concerning HSC present in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cousin
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - L Casteilla
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - P Laharrague
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, TSA 50032, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - E Luche
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - A Lorsignol
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - V Cuminetti
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - J Paupert
- CNRS 5273, UMR STROMALab, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse 3, UPS, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; INSERM U1031, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; EFS Pyrénées -Méditerranée, BP 84225, F-31 432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Cancer-Associated Adipose Tissue Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Paracrine Oncostatin M and Jak/STAT3 Signaling. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6806-19. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Saito Y, Shimada M, Utsunomiya T, Ikemoto T, Yamada S, Morine Y, Imura S, Mori H, Arakawa Y, Kanamoto M, Iwahashi S, Takasu C. Homing effect of adipose-derived stem cells to the injured liver: the shift of stromal cell-derived factor 1 expressions. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:873-80. [PMID: 25131380 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether systemically transplanted human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) homed to the injured liver in nude mice under stress with subsequent hepatectomy (Hx) and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was investigated in the present study. The types of cells in the liver that were involved in the homing of ADSCs were clarified, with focus on the stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4) axis. METHODS Adipose-derived stem cells were transplanted intravenously immediately after 70% Hx and I/R. ADSCs were traced by in vivo imaging for 24 h after transplantation and ADSCs were histologically detected in the liver. SDF-1 and CXCR-4 expressions in the liver were evaluated by real time RT-PCR. The immunohistochemical analysis of SDF-1 was also performed to identify SDF-1 expressing cells in the liver. RESULTS Adipose-derived stem cells were found in various organs immediately following transplantation and almost accumulated in remnant liver or spleen at 6 h after transplantation. ADSCs were also histologically revealed in the harvested liver. Hx and I/R injury significantly enhanced SDF-1 expressions regardless of ADSCs transplantation, and only ADSC transplantation increased CXCR-4 expressions. The predominant SDF-1 positive cells in the liver were equally identified in parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells at 6 h, but shifted to non-parenchymal cells at 24 h after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Systemically transplanted ADSCs homed to the injured liver after transplantation, possibly based on the mechanisms of SDF-1/CXCR-4 axis. Therefore, systemic transplantation might be an effective and practical route for the transplantation of ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Saito
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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Gil-Ortega M, Garidou L, Barreau C, Maumus M, Breasson L, Tavernier G, García-Prieto CF, Bouloumié A, Casteilla L, Sengenès C. Native adipose stromal cells egress from adipose tissue in vivo: evidence during lymph node activation. Stem Cells 2014; 31:1309-20. [PMID: 23533182 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) has become accepted as a source of multipotent progenitor cells, the adipose stromal cells (ASCs). In this regard, considerable work has been performed to harvest and characterize this cell population as well as to investigate the mechanisms by which transplanted ASCs mediate tissue regeneration. In contrast the endogenous release of native ASCs by AT has been poorly investigated. In this work, we show that native ASCs egress from murine AT. Indeed, we demonstrated that the release of native ASCs from AT can be evidenced both using an ex vivo perfusion model that we set up and in vivo. Such a mobilization process is controlled by CXCR4 chemokine receptor. In addition, once mobilized from AT, circulating ASCs were found to navigate through lymph fluid and to home into lymph nodes (LN). Therefore, we demonstrated that, during the LN activation, the fat depot encapsulating the activated LN releases native ASCs, which in turn invade the activated LN. Moreover, the ASCs invading the LN were visualized in close physical interaction with podoplanin and ER-TR7 positive structures corresponding to the stromal network composing the LN. This dynamic was impaired with CXCR4 neutralizing antibody. Taken together, these data provide robust evidences that native ASCs can traffic in vivo and that AT might provide stromal cells to activated LNs.
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29
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Yamaguchi DT. “Ins” and “Outs” of mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis in regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:94-110. [PMID: 24772237 PMCID: PMC3999785 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of bone requires mesenchymal stem cells that by self-renewal, are able to generate a critical mass of cells with the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts that can produce bone protein matrix (osteoid) and enable its mineralization. The number of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) diminishes with age and ex vivo replication of hMSCs has limited potential. While propagating hMSCs under hypoxic conditions may maintain their ability to self-renew, the strategy of using human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) to allow for hMSCs to prolong their replicative lifespan is an attractive means of ensuring a critical mass of cells with the potential to differentiate into various mesodermal structural tissues including bone. However, this strategy must be tempered by the oncogenic potential of TERT-transformed cells, or their ability to enhance already established cancers, the unknown differentiating potential of high population doubling hMSCs and the source of hMSCs (e.g., bone marrow, adipose-derived, muscle-derived, umbilical cord blood, etc.) that may provide peculiarities to self-renewal, differentiation, and physiologic function that may differ from non-transformed native cells. Tissue engineering approaches to use hMSCs to repair bone defects utilize the growth of hMSCs on three-dimensional scaffolds that can either be a base on which hMSCs can attach and grow or as a means of sequestering growth factors to assist in the chemoattraction and differentiation of native hMSCs. The use of whole native extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by hMSCs, rather than individual ECM components, appear to be advantageous in not only being utilized as a three-dimensional attachment base but also in appropriate orientation of cells and their differentiation through the growth factors that native ECM harbor or in simulating growth factor motifs. The origin of native ECM, whether from hMSCs from young or old individuals is a critical factor in “rejuvenating” hMSCs from older individuals grown on ECM from younger individuals.
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Blazquez-Martinez A, Chiesa M, Arnalich F, Fernandez-Delgado J, Nistal M, De Miguel MP. c-Kit identifies a subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells in adipose tissue with higher telomerase expression and differentiation potential. Differentiation 2014; 87:147-60. [PMID: 24713343 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue is an easy to obtain source of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs). We and others have achieved significant but suboptimal therapeutic effects with ADSCs in various settings, mainly due to low rates of differentiation into specific cell types and with the downside of undesired side effects as a consequence of the undifferentiated ADSCs. These data prompted us to find new stem cell-specific markers for ADSCs and/or subpopulations with higher differentiation potential to specific lineages. We found a subpopulation of human ADSCs, marked by c-Kit positiveness, resides in a perivascular location, and shows higher proliferative activity and self-renewal capacity, higher telomerase activity and expression, higher in vitro adipogenic efficiency, a higher capacity for the maintenance of cardiac progenitors, and higher pancreatogenic and hepatogenic efficiency independently of CD105 expression. Our data suggests that the isolation of ADSC subpopulations with anti-c-Kit antibodies allows for the selection of a more homogeneous subpopulation with increased cardioprotective properties and increased adipogenic and endodermal differentiation potential, providing a useful tool for specific therapies in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blazquez-Martinez
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Chiesa
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Arnalich
- Department of Internal Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Fernandez-Delgado
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Santa Cristina Hospital, and Centrocim, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Nistal
- Department of Pathology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - M P De Miguel
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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Flameng W, De Visscher G, Mesure L, Hermans H, Jashari R, Meuris B. Coating with fibronectin and stromal cell–derived factor-1α of decellularized homografts used for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction eliminates immune response–related degeneration. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 147:1398-1404.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Crisan M, Corselli M, Chen WCW, Péault B. Perivascular cells for regenerative medicine. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 16:2851-60. [PMID: 22882758 PMCID: PMC4393715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are currently the best candidate therapeutic cells for regenerative medicine related to osteoarticular, muscular, vascular and inflammatory diseases, although these cells remain heterogeneous and necessitate a better biological characterization. We and others recently described that MSC originate from two types of perivascular cells, namely pericytes and adventitial cells and contain the in situ counterpart of MSC in developing and adult human organs, which can be prospectively purified using well defined cell surface markers. Pericytes encircle endothelial cells of capillaries and microvessels and express the adhesion molecule CD146 and the PDGFRβ, but lack endothelial and haematopoietic markers such as CD34, CD31, vWF (von Willebrand factor), the ligand for Ulex europaeus 1 (UEA1) and CD45 respectively. The proteoglycan NG2 is a pericyte marker exclusively associated with the arterial system. Besides its expression in smooth muscle cells, smooth muscle actin (αSMA) is also detected in subsets of pericytes. Adventitial cells surround the largest vessels and, opposite to pericytes, are not closely associated to endothelial cells. Adventitial cells express CD34 and lack αSMA and all endothelial and haematopoietic cell markers, as for pericytes. Altogether, pericytes and adventitial perivascular cells express in situ and in culture markers of MSC and display capacities to differentiate towards osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cell lineages. Importantly, adventitial cells can differentiate into pericyte-like cells under inductive conditions in vitro. Altogether, using purified perivascular cells instead of MSC may bring higher benefits to regenerative medicine, including the possibility, for the first time, to use these cells uncultured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Crisan
- Erasmus MC Stem Cell Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Gil-Ortega M, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B, Casteilla L, Sengenès C. Ex vivo microperfusion system of the adipose organ: a new approach to studying the mobilization of adipose cell populations. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:1255-62. [PMID: 24357852 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Adipose tissue (AT) is a dynamic organ that expands and contracts rapidly. It is composed of adipocytes and of cell populations among which immune cells and mesenchymal progenitors known as adipose stromal cells (ASCs). The AT cell turnover has been extensively studied. Surprisingly it has only been viewed as the result of both cell proliferation/death and cell infiltration. Nevertheless, both immune cells and ASCs exhibit migration abilities; therefore their egress from AT in response to physiological/pathophysiological stimuli has to be considered. To do so, the aim of the present work was to develop a model allowing the study of cell release from the adipose organ. SUBJECTS/METHODS Mesenteric (Mes) ATs were isolated from 9-week-old C57BL/6 male mice and were catheterized via the superior mesenteric artery and were perfused with a saline solution. After an equilibration period, the mesenteric fat pad was perfused with CXCL12 (stromal-derived factor-1, SDF-1) or sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) to trigger cell mobilization and perfusates were collected every 30 min for subsequent flow cytometry analyses. RESULTS We report here that CXCL12 induces the specific release of ASCs from MesAT thus demonstrating that ASCs are specifically mobilized from fat depots by a CXCL12-dependent pathway. Moreover, we showed that leukocyte mobilization can be triggered via a S1P-dependent pathway. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a microperfusion model of an intact fat depot allowing the study of AT cell release in response to various molecules. The perfusion system described here demonstrates that ASCs and leukocytes can be pharmacologically mobilized from AT. Therefore, AT microperfusion might constitute an appropriate and reliable approach for evaluating the mobilization of different cell populations from AT in various physiological and pathophysiological contexts. Such a model might help in identifying factors and drugs controlling AT cell release, impacting the medical fields of regenerative medicine and of obesity or its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil-Ortega
- 1] Inserm U1031 STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [2] CNRS, Université Toulouse III, UPS UMR5273 STROMAlab, BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [3] EFS (Etablissement Français du Sang), STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [4] Université Toulouse III, UPS UMR5273 STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France
| | - M S Fernández-Alfonso
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Somoza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Casteilla
- 1] Inserm U1031 STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [2] CNRS, Université Toulouse III, UPS UMR5273 STROMAlab, BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [3] EFS (Etablissement Français du Sang), STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [4] Université Toulouse III, UPS UMR5273 STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France
| | - C Sengenès
- 1] Inserm U1031 STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [2] CNRS, Université Toulouse III, UPS UMR5273 STROMAlab, BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [3] EFS (Etablissement Français du Sang), STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France [4] Université Toulouse III, UPS UMR5273 STROMAlab BP 84 225-F-31 432, Toulouse, France
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Hausman GJ, Dodson MV. Stromal Vascular Cells and Adipogenesis: Cells within Adipose Depots Regulate Adipogenesis. J Genomics 2013; 1:56-66. [PMID: 25031656 PMCID: PMC4091429 DOI: 10.7150/jgen.3813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A collection of investigations indicate the importance of adipose tissue stromal/stem cells to vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during adipogenesis. Early in development the stromal-vascular (S-V) elements control and dictate the extent of adipogenesis. For instance, the vasculature and connective tissue collagen matrix develops before overt adipocyte differentiation. Definitive studies of human adipose tissue stem cells (ADSC) provided an understanding of stem cell identity and function. In this regard, a novel vascular stem cell theory proposes that ADSC are a mixed population of vascular stem cells (VSC) with differential potential proportional to the angiogenic potential of the vasculature. The differential potential of VSC can range considerably in a continuous fashion and can include vascular smooth cells, endothelial cells (EC) and adipocytes. These observations are consistent with fetal adipose tissue studies that show location-dependent angiogenic potential ranging from more to less in regards to a predominant presence of EC and developing arterioles before overt adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary J Hausman
- 1. Poultry Processing and Swine Physiology Research, Agricultural Research Service, Richard B. Russell Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Michael V Dodson
- 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Wang WZ, Fang XH, Williams SJ, Stephenson LL, Baynosa RC, Wong N, Khiabani KT, Zamboni WA. The effect of lipoaspirates cryopreservation on adipose-derived stem cells. Aesthet Surg J 2013; 33:1046-55. [PMID: 23966549 DOI: 10.1177/1090820x13501690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous fat grafting has gained popularity, particularly with the discovery of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC). The possibility of freezing lipoaspirates (LA) for later use has intriguing clinical potential. However, the effect of LA cryopreservation on ADSC is unclear. OBJECTIVES The authors explore the effect of LA cryopreservation on ADSC viability. METHODS Human LA (n = 8) were harvested using a standard technique. Lipoaspirate samples were either processed immediately as fresh LA (A) or stored at -20°C and then at -80°C for 30 days with (B) or without (C) freezing medium. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was separated from adipocytes and either cultured to obtain purified ADSC or processed for the isolation of 3 distinct ADSC subpopulations (CD90(+)/CD45(-), CD105(+)/CD45(-), and CD34(+)/CD31(-)). Apoptosis and necrosis were determined by an annexin V/propidium iodide assay and quantified by flow cytometry. The capability of ADSC for long-term proliferation and differentiation was also examined. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the apoptosis and necrosis of adipocytes, SVF, or ADSC between groups A and B. However, cell viability in SVF and ADSC was significantly compromised in group C as compared with group B (P < .01) due to higher ADSC apoptosis but not necrosis. The viable ADSC isolated from fresh or frozen LA were cultured for more than 20 passages and demonstrated similar patterns and speed of proliferation with strong capability to differentiate, evidenced by cell doubling time and positive staining with Oil Red O (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri) and alkaline phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS Lipoaspirates cryopreservation had a significant impact on ADSC apoptosis but not on ADSC necrosis, proliferation, or differentiations. Freezing medium provides significant protection against ADSC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Z Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery at the University of Nevada School of Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada
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Chen W, Long KD, Lu M, Chaudhery V, Yu H, Choi JS, Polans J, Zhuo Y, Harley BAC, Cunningham BT. Photonic crystal enhanced microscopy for imaging of live cell adhesion. Analyst 2013; 138:5886-94. [PMID: 23971078 DOI: 10.1039/c3an01541f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A form of microscopy that utilizes a photonic crystal biosensor surface as a substrate for cell attachment enables label-free, quantitative, submicron resolution, time-resolved imaging of cell-surface interactions without cytotoxic staining agents or temporally-unstable fluorophores. Other forms of microscopy do not provide this direct measurement of live cell-surface attachment localization and strength that includes unique, dynamic morphological signatures critical to the investigation of important biological phenomena such as stem cell differentiation, chemotaxis, apoptosis, and metastasis. Here, we introduce Photonic Crystal Enhanced Microscopy (PCEM), and apply it to the study of murine dental stem cells to image the evolution of cell attachment and morphology during chemotaxis and drug-induced apoptosis. PCEM provides rich, dynamic information about the evolution of cell-surface attachment profiles over biologically relevant time-scales. Critically, this method retains the ability to monitor cell behavior with spatial resolution sufficient for observing both attachment footprints of filopodial extensions and intracellular attachment strength gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Mitterberger MC, Lechner S, Mattesich M, Zwerschke W. Adipogenic differentiation is impaired in replicative senescent human subcutaneous adipose-derived stromal/progenitor cells. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 69:13-24. [PMID: 23657974 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that adipose-derived stromal/progenitor cells isolated from abdominal subcutaneous fat pads of adult donors successively enter replicative senescence after long-term cultivation. This is characterized by enlarged cell size, flattened morphology, and upregulated senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Moreover, the senescence- associated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16(Ink4A) and p21(Cip1) were induced correlating with activation of the G1/S cell cycle inhibitor retinoblastoma protein and terminal proliferation arrest. The number of cells in the adipose-derived stromal/progenitor cell population with high adipogenic capacity declined inversely with the increase of senescent cells. Adipogenic hormone cocktail induced expression of the adipogenic key regulators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α was significantly reduced in senescent adipose-derived stromal/ progenitor cells. Furthermore, the expression of the adipogenic differentiation genes fatty acid binding protein-4, adiponectin, and leptin and the formation of fat droplets were impaired. We conclude cellular senescence contributes to dysfunctions in adipose-derived stromal/progenitor cell replication, adipogenesis, triglyceride storage, and adipokine secretion.
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Analysis for apoptosis and necrosis on adipocytes, stromal vascular fraction, and adipose-derived stem cells in human lipoaspirates after liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013; 131:77e-85e. [PMID: 23271558 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3182729ff7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells have become the most studied adult stem cells. The authors examined the apoptosis and necrosis rates for adipocyte, stromal vascular fraction, and adipose-derived stem cells in fresh human lipoaspirates. METHODS Human lipoaspirate (n = 8) was harvested using a standard liposuction technique. Stromal vascular fraction cells were separated from adipocytes and cultured to obtain purified adipose-derived stem cells. A panel of stem cell markers was used to identify the surface phenotypes of cultured adipose-derived stem cells. Three distinct stem cell subpopulations (CD90/CD45, CD105/CD45, and CD34/CD31) were selected from the stromal vascular fraction. Apoptosis and necrosis were determined by annexin V/propidium iodide assay and analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The cultured adipose-derived stem cells demonstrated long-term proliferation and differentiation evidenced by cell doubling time and positive staining with oil red O and alkaline phosphatase. Isolated from lipoaspirates, adipocytes exhibited 19.7 ± 3.7 percent apoptosis and 1.1 ± 0.3 percent necrosis; stromal vascular fraction cells revealed 22.0 ± 6.3 percent of apoptosis and 11.2 ± 1.9 percent of necrosis; stromal vascular fraction cells had a higher rate of necrosis than adipocytes (p < 0.05). Among the stromal vascular fraction cells, 51.1 ± 3.7 percent expressed CD90/CD45, 7.5 ± 1.0 percent expressed CD105/CD45, and 26.4 ± 3.8 percent expressed CD34/CD31. CD34/CD31 adipose-derived stem cells had lower rates of apoptosis and necrosis compared with CD105/CD45 adipose-derived stem cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adipose-derived stem cells had a higher rate of apoptosis and necrosis than adipocytes. However, the extent of apoptosis and necrosis was significantly different among adipose-derived stem cell subpopulations.
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Association of stromal-derived factor-1 alpha and endogenous sex hormones in men aged over 50 years with stable coronary artery disease. Adv Med Sci 2012. [PMID: 23192056 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-012-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many studies indicate an inverse relationship between stromal-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1 alpha), a chemokine, and coronary risk factors. Moreover, SDF-1 alpha is crucial in neoangiogenesis and in the mobilization and homing of endothelial progenitor cells to the ischemic coronary vessels. Numerous studies indicate that circulating sex hormones are associated with atherogenesis during male aging. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether there exists a relationship between SDF-1 alpha and endogenous sex hormones in aging men with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS Plasma concentrations of SDF-1 alpha, testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured and the E2/T ratio was calculated in a cross-sectional study of 82 men over 50 years of age with stable CAD. RESULTS SDF-1 alpha was positively and significantly correlated with T (r = 0.233; p = 0.036) and with SHBG (r = 0.312; p = 0.004). There was a significant inverse correlation between SDF-1 alpha and the E2/T ratio (r = -0.463; p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, body mass index and smoking status, SHBG and E2/T ratio were the only factors associated with SDF-1 alpha. CONCLUSIONS T and SHBG (directly) and the E2/T ratio (inversely) may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of CAD through their relationships to SDF-1 alpha.
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Ryu JK, Tumurbaatar M, Jin HR, Kim WJ, Kwon MH, Piao S, Choi MJ, Yin GN, Song KM, Kang YJ, Koh YJ, Koh GY, Suh JK. Intracavernous delivery of freshly isolated stromal vascular fraction rescues erectile function by enhancing endothelial regeneration in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse. J Sex Med 2012; 9:3051-65. [PMID: 23088258 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Men with diabetic erectile dysfunction (ED) often have severe endothelial dysfunction and respond poorly to oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. AIM To examine whether and how freshly isolated stromal vascular fraction (SVF) promotes cavernous endothelial regeneration and restores erectile function in diabetic animals. METHODS Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were used. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. SVF was isolated from epididymal adipose tissues of green fluorescence protein transgenic mice. At 8 weeks after the induction of diabetes, the animals were divided into six groups: controls, diabetic mice, and diabetic mice treated with a single intracavernous injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or SVF (1 × 10(4) cells, 1 × 10(5) cells, or 2 × 10(5) cells/20 µL, respectively). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Two weeks later, erectile function was measured by cavernous nerve stimulation. The penis was stained with antibodies to CD31, CD34, phosphohistone H3, phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). We also performed Western blot for phospho-eNOS and eNOS, and determined cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentration in the corpus cavernosum tissue. RESULTS Significant improvement in erectile function was noted in diabetic mice treated with SVF at concentrations of 1 × 10(5) and 2 × 10(5) cells, which reached up to 82% of the control values. Local delivery of SVF significantly increased cavernous endothelial cell proliferation, eNOS phosphorylation, and cGMP expression compared with that in the untreated group and the PBS-treated diabetic group. Intracavernous injection of SVF increased cavernous VEGF-A expression and induced recruitment of CD34(+)CD31(-) progenitor cells. Some SVF underwent differentiation into cavernous endothelial cells. SVF-induced promotion of cavernous angiogenesis and erectile function was abolished in the presence of VEGF-Trap, a soluble VEGF-A neutralizing antibody. CONCLUSION The results support the concept of cavernous endothelial regeneration by use of SVF as a curative therapy for diabetic ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is the focus of new interest because of the presence of an abundant and complex immune cell population that is involved in key pathologies such as metabolic syndrome. Based on in vivo reconstitution assays, it is thought that these immune cells are derived from the bone marrow (BM). However, previous studies have shown that WAT exhibits specific hematopoietic activity exerted by an unknown subpopulation of cells. In the present study, we prospectively isolated a peculiar hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell population from murine WAT. The cells are phenotypically similar to BM hematopoietic stem cells and are able to differentiate into both myeloid and lymphoid lineages in vitro. In competitive repopulation assays in vivo, they reconstituted the innate immune compartment in WAT preferentially and more efficiently than BM cells, but did not reconstitute hematopoietic organs. They were also able to give rise to multilineage engraftment in both secondary recipients and in utero transplantation. Therefore, we propose that WAT hematopoietic cells constitute a population of immature cells that are able to renew innate immune cell populations. Considering the amount of WAT in adults, our results suggest that WAT hematopoietic activity controls WAT inflammatory processes and also supports innate immune responses in other organs.
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Mihaila SM, Frias AM, Pirraco RP, Rada T, Reis RL, Gomes ME, Marques AP. Human adipose tissue-derived SSEA-4 subpopulation multi-differentiation potential towards the endothelial and osteogenic lineages. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 19:235-46. [PMID: 22924692 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose tissue has been recently recognized as a potential source of stem cells for regenerative medicine applications, including bone tissue engineering (TE). Despite the gathered knowledge regarding the differentiation potential of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs), in what concerns the endothelial lineage many uncertainties are still present. The existence of a cell subpopulation within the human adipose tissue that expresses a SSEA-4 marker, usually associated to pluripotency, raises expectations on the differentiation capacity of these cells (SSEA-4(+)hASCs). In the present study, the endothelial and osteogenic differentiation potential of the SSEA-4(+)hASCs was analyzed, aiming at proposing a single-cell source/subpopulation for the development of vascularized bone TE constructs. SSEA-4(+)hASCs were isolated using immunomagnetic sorting and cultured either in α-MEM, in EGM-2 MV (endothelial growth medium), or in osteogenic medium. SSEA-4(+)hASCs cultured in EGM-2 MV formed endothelial cell-like colonies characterized by a cobblestone morphology and expression of CD31, CD34, CD105, and von Willebrand factor as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. The endothelial phenotype was also confirmed by their ability to incorporate acetylated low-density lipoprotein and to form capillary-like structures when seeded on Matrigel. SSEA-4(+)hASCs cultured in α-MEM displayed fibroblastic-like morphology and exhibited a mesenchymal surface marker profile (>90% CD90(+)/CD73(+)/CD105(+)). After culture in osteogenic conditions, an overexpression of osteogenic-related markers (osteopontin and osteocalcin) was observed both at molecular and protein levels. Matrix mineralization detected by Alizarin Red staining confirmed SSEA-4(+)hASCs osteogenic differentiation. Herein, we demonstrate that from a single-cell source, human adipose tissue, and by selecting the appropriate subpopulation it is possible to obtain microvascular-like endothelial cells and osteoblasts, the most relevant cell types for the creation of vascularized bone tissue-engineered constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Mihaila
- Department of Polymer Engineering, 3B's Research Group, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
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Chatzigeorgiou A, Karalis KP, Bornstein SR, Chavakis T. Lymphocytes in obesity-related adipose tissue inflammation. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2583-2592. [PMID: 22733483 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation in the white adipose tissue (WAT) is considered a major player in the development of insulin resistance. The role of macrophages accumulating in the WAT during obesity, promoting WAT inflammation and insulin resistance is well established. In contrast, less is known about the role of lymphocytes. Recent studies have implicated different lymphocyte subsets in WAT inflammation. For instance, cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells infiltrating the WAT may contribute to the recruitment, differentiation and activation of macrophages. On the other hand, a differential role for CD4(+) Th1 and CD4(+) Th2 cells has been suggested. Levels of WAT regulatory T cells decrease during the course of obesity and may represent a crucial factor for the maintenance of insulin sensitivity. Moreover, activation of natural killer T cells, an innate-like T cell population, which recognises lipid antigens, promotes insulin resistance and WAT inflammation. Finally, B cells may infiltrate WAT very early in response to high-fat feeding and worsen glucose metabolism through modulation of T cells and the production of pathogenic antibodies. These interesting new findings however bear controversies and introduce novel, yet unanswered, questions. Here, we review and discuss the impact of the different lymphocyte subsets in obesity-related WAT inflammation and attempt to identify the open questions to be answered by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Vascular Inflammation, Diabetes and Kidney, University Clinic Carl-Gustav-Carus, University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute of Physiology, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - K P Karalis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Carl-Gustav-Carus, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Developmental Biology Section, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S R Bornstein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Carl-Gustav-Carus, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Chavakis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Vascular Inflammation, Diabetes and Kidney, University Clinic Carl-Gustav-Carus, University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute of Physiology, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Aizawa Y, Shoichet MS. The role of endothelial cells in the retinal stem and progenitor cell niche within a 3D engineered hydrogel matrix. Biomaterials 2012; 33:5198-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mitterberger MC, Lechner S, Mattesich M, Kaiser A, Probst D, Wenger N, Pierer G, Zwerschke W. DLK1(PREF1) is a negative regulator of adipogenesis in CD105⁺/CD90⁺/CD34⁺/CD31⁻/FABP4⁻ adipose-derived stromal cells from subcutaneous abdominal fat pats of adult women. Stem Cell Res 2012; 9:35-48. [PMID: 22640926 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The main physiological function of adipose-derived stromal/progenitor cells (ASC) is to differentiate into adipocytes. ASC are most likely localized at perivascular sites in adipose tissues and retain the capacity to differentiate into multiple cell types. Although cell surface markers for ASC have been described, there is no complete consensus on the antigen expression pattern that will precisely define these cells. DLK1(PREF1) is an established marker for mouse adipocyte progenitors which inhibits adipogenesis. This suggests that DLK1(PREF1) could be a useful marker to characterize human ASC. The DLK1(PREF1) status of human ASC is however unknown. In the present study we isolated ASC from the heterogeneous stromal vascular fraction of subcutaneous abdominal fat pats of adult women. These cells were selected by their plastic adherence and expanded to passage 5. The ASC were characterized as relatively homogenous cell population with the capacity to differentiate in vitro into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts and the immunophenotype CD105⁺/CD90⁺/CD34⁺/CD31⁻/FABP4⁻. The ASC were positive for DLK1(PREF1) which was well expressed in proliferating and density arrested cells but downregulated in the course of adipogenic differentiation. To investigate whether DLK1(PREF1) plays a role in the regulation of adipogenesis in these cells RNAi-mediated knockdown experiments were conducted. Knockdown of DLK1(PREF1) in differentiating ASC resulted in a significant increase of the expression of the adipogenic key regulator PPARγ2 and of the terminal adipogenic differentiation marker FABP4. We conclude that DLK1(PREF1) is well expressed in human ASC and acts as a negative regulator of adipogenesis. Moreover, DLK1(PREF1) could be a functional marker contributing to the characterization of human ASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Mitterberger
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Monaco E, Bionaz M, Rodriguez-Zas S, Hurley WL, Wheeler MB. Transcriptomics comparison between porcine adipose and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells during in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32481. [PMID: 22412878 PMCID: PMC3296722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) are considered the gold standard for use in tissue regeneration among mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The abundance and ease of harvest make the adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) an attractive alternative to BMSC. The aim of the present study was to compare the transcriptome of ASC and BMSC, respectively isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and femur of 3 adult pigs, during in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation for up to four weeks. At 0, 2, 7, and 21 days of differentiation RNA was extracted for microarray analysis. A False Discovery Rate ≤0.05 for overall interactions effect and P<0.001 between comparisons were used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEG). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and DAVID performed the functional analysis of the DEG. Functional analysis of highest expressed genes in MSC and genes more expressed in MSC vs. fully differentiated tissues indicated low immunity and high angiogenic capacity. Only 64 genes were differentially expressed between ASC and BMSC before differentiation. The functional analysis uncovered a potential larger angiogenic, osteogenic, migration, and neurogenic capacity in BMSC and myogenic capacity in ASC. Less than 200 DEG were uncovered between ASC and BMSC during differentiation. Functional analysis also revealed an overall greater lipid metabolism in ASC, while BMSC had a greater cell growth and proliferation. The time course transcriptomic comparison between differentiation types uncovered <500 DEG necessary to determine cell fate. The functional analysis indicated that osteogenesis had a larger cell proliferation and cytoskeleton organization with a crucial role of G-proteins. Adipogenesis was driven by PPAR signaling and had greater angiogenesis, lipid metabolism, migration, and tumorigenesis capacity. Overall the data indicated that the transcriptome of the two MSC is relatively similar across the conditions studied. In addition, functional analysis data might indicate differences in therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Monaco
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sandra Rodriguez-Zas
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Walter L. Hurley
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Wheeler
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mazo M, Cemborain A, Gavira JJ, Abizanda G, Araña M, Casado M, Soriano M, Hernández S, Moreno C, Ecay M, Albiasu E, Belzunce M, Orbe J, Páramo JA, Merino J, Peñuelas I, Verdugo JMG, Pelacho B, Prosper F. Adipose stromal vascular fraction improves cardiac function in chronic myocardial infarction through differentiation and paracrine activity. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:1023-37. [PMID: 22305117 DOI: 10.3727/096368911x623862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh adipose-derived cells have been shown to be effective in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI), but their role in the chronic setting is unknown. We sought to determine the long-term effect of the adipose derived-stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell transplantation in a rat model of chronic MI. MI was induced in 82 rats by permanent coronary artery ligation and 5 weeks later rats were allocated to receive an intramyocardial injection of 10(7) GFP-expressing fresh SVF cells or culture media as control. Heart function and tissue metabolism were determined by echocardiography and (18)F-FDG-microPET, respectively, and histological studies were performed for up to 3 months after transplantation. SVF induced a statistically significant long-lasting (3 months) improvement in cardiac function and tissue metabolism that was associated with increased revascularization and positive heart remodeling, with a significantly smaller infarct size, thicker infarct wall, lower scar fibrosis, and lower cardiac hypertrophy. Importantly, injected cells engrafted and were detected in the treated hearts for at least 3 months, directly contributing to the vasculature and myofibroblasts and at negligible levels to cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, SVF release of angiogenic (VEGF and HGF) and proinflammatory (MCP-1) cytokines, as well as TIMP1 and TIMP4, was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, strongly suggesting that they have a trophic effect. These results show the potential of SVF to contribute to the regeneration of ischemic tissue and to provide a long-term functional benefit in a rat model of chronic MI, by both direct and indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mazo
- Hematology and Cell Therapy and Foundation for Applied Medical Research, Division of Cancer, Clínica Universitaria, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
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Mesenchymal stem cells and cardiovascular disease: a bench to bedside roadmap. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:175979. [PMID: 22315617 PMCID: PMC3270473 DOI: 10.1155/2012/175979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incredible boost in stem cell research has kindled the expectations of both patients and physicians. Mesenchymal progenitors, owing to their availability, ease of manipulation, and therapeutic potential, have become one of the most attractive options for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, from cartilage defects to cardiac disorders. Moreover, their immunomodulatory capacity has opened up their allogenic use, consequently broadening the possibilities for their application. In this review, we will focus on their use in the therapy of myocardial infarction, looking at their characteristics, in vitro and in vivo mechanisms of action, as well as clinical trials.
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Hutter R, Badimon JJ, Fuster V, Narula J. Coronary artery disease in aging women: a menopause of endothelial progenitor cells? Med Clin North Am 2012; 96:93-102. [PMID: 22391254 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The cardiovascular protection provided to women during the reproductive age and the unique angiogenic properties of the female reproductive system provide insights into the complex regulatory network of female sex hormones, angiogenic growth factors, and stem cell regulatory molecules. The intricate and interwoven endometrial physiology of the female menstrual cycle shows that in order to harness the physiologic cardioprotection provided by nature to women of reproductive age, for better cardiovascular therapies in postmenopausal women and the population in general, a coherent and systematic approach is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph Hutter
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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Monitoring transplanted adipose tissue-derived stem cells combined with heparin in the liver by fluorescence imaging using quantum dots. Biomaterials 2011; 33:2177-86. [PMID: 22192539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cell (ASC) transplantation, when used in combination with heparin, has proven to be an effective treatment for acute liver failure in mice. However, the behavior and organ-specific accumulation of transplanted ASCs alone or in combination with heparin is poorly understood. In this paper, we investigated whether quantum dots (QDs) labeling using octa-arginine peptide (R8) for ASCs could be applied for in vivo fluorescence imaging in mice with acute liver failure, and analyzed the behavior and organ-specific accumulation of ASCs that were transplanted alone or in combination with heparin using an IVIS(®) Spectrum analysis. Almost all of the transplanted ASCs were observed to accumulate in the lungs within 10 min without heparin. However, when heparin was used in combination with the ASCs, the accumulation of the transplanted ASCs was found not only in the lungs but also in the liver. The region of interest (ROI) analysis of ex vivo fluorescence imaging showed that the accumulation rate of transplanted ASCs in the liver increased to about 30%. In the time course analysis, the accumulation rate of ASCs in the liver was about 10% in 1 day and was maintained at that level for at least 2 day. We observed that heparin was effective for increasing the accumulation of transplanted ASCs in the liver using fluorescence imaging technology. We suggest that fluorescence imaging by means of QDs labeling using R8 can be useful for tracing the transplanted cells.
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