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Cornforth MN, Durante M. Radiation quality and intra-chromosomal aberrations: Size matters. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 836:28-35. [PMID: 30389158 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The shift from plant to mammalian cell models in radiation cytogenetics hastened the development of methods suitable for the analysis of chromosome-type aberrations. These included methods to detect interchanges that take place between different chromosomes (dicentrics and translocations), and intrachanges occurring within a given chromosome (rings, interstitial deletions and inversions). In this review we consider the relationship between chromosome-type interchanges and intrachanges in response to changes in ionization density (linear energy transfer; LET). In that context, we discuss advantages and disadvantages of more modern methods used to measure intrachanges, and the implications that their increased resolution of measurement may have on the inter-to-intrachange fraction (i.e., the F-ratio). We conclude that the premise of the F-ratio is supported by its biophysical assumptions, but its intended use as an LET-dependent measure of prior radiation exposure is hampered mainly by our inability to accurately assess, on a cell-by-cell basis, inversions and interstitial deletions whose small sizes are below the detection limits of conventional cytogenetic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Cornforth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Marco Durante
- Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA), National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Via Sommarive, Trento, Italy.
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Kraft D, Ritter S, Durante M, Seifried E, Fournier C, Tonn T. Transmission of clonal chromosomal abnormalities in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells surviving radiation exposure. Mutat Res 2015; 777:43-51. [PMID: 25938904 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In radiation-induced acute myeloid leukemia (rAML), clonal chromosomal abnormalities are often observed in bone marrow cells of patients, suggesting that their formation is crucial in the development of the disease. Since rAML is considered to originate from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), we investigated the frequency and spectrum of radiation-induced chromosomal abnormalities in human CD34(+) cells. We then measured stable chromosomal abnormalities, a possible biomarker of leukemia risk, in clonally expanded cell populations which were grown for 14 days in a 3D-matrix (CFU-assay). We compared two radiation qualities used in radiotherapy, sparsely ionizing X-rays and densely ionizing carbon ions (29 and 60-85 keV/μm, doses between 0.5 and 4 Gy). Only a negligible number of de novo arising, unstable aberrations (≤ 0.05 aberrations/cell, 97% breaks) were measured in the descendants of irradiated HSPC. However, stable aberrations were detected in colonies formed by irradiated HSPC. All cells of the affected colonies exhibited one or more identical aberrations, indicating their clonal origin. The majority of the clonal rearrangements (92%) were simple exchanges such as translocations (77%) and pericentric inversions (15%), which are known to contribute to the development of rAML. Carbon ions were more efficient in inducing cell killing (maximum of ∼ 30-35% apoptotic cells for 2 Gy carbon ions compared to ∼ 25% for X-rays) and chromosomal aberrations in the first cell-cycle after exposure (∼ 70% and ∼ 40% for 1 Gy of carbon ions and X-rays, respectively), with a higher fraction of non-transmissible aberrations. In contrast, for both radiation qualities the percentage of clones with chromosomal abnormalities was similar (40%). Using the frequency of colonies with clonal aberrations as a surrogate marker for the leukemia risk following radiotherapy of solid tumors, charged particle therapy is not expected to lead to an increased risk of leukemia in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kraft
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Department of Biophysics, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Institute for Transfusion Medicine und Immunohematology, DRK-Blutspendedienst Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital, Sandhofstrasse 1, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Ritter
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Department of Biophysics, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Marco Durante
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Department of Biophysics, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Physics Department, Technical University Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6-8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Erhard Seifried
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine und Immunohematology, DRK-Blutspendedienst Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital, Sandhofstrasse 1, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Claudia Fournier
- GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Department of Biophysics, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Torsten Tonn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine und Immunohematology, DRK-Blutspendedienst Baden-Wuerttemberg-Hessen, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital, Sandhofstrasse 1, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Med. Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Institute for Transfusion Medicine Dresden, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Blasewitzer Straße 68/70, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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Pignalosa D, Lee R, Hartel C, Sommer S, Nikoghosyan A, Debus J, Ritter S, Durante M. Chromosome inversions in lymphocytes of prostate cancer patients treated with X-rays and carbon ions. Radiother Oncol 2013; 109:256-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hada M, Wu H, Cucinotta FA. mBAND analysis for high- and low-LET radiation-induced chromosome aberrations: a review. Mutat Res 2011; 711:187-192. [PMID: 21232544 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
During long-term space travel or cancer therapy, humans are exposed to high linear energy transfer (LET) energetic heavy ions. High-LET radiation is much more effective than low-LET radiation in causing various biological effects, including cell inactivation, genetic mutations, cataracts and cancer induction. Most of these biological endpoints are closely related to chromosomal damage, and cytogenetic damage can be utilized as a biomarker for radiation insults. Epidemiological data, mainly from survivors of the atomic bomb detonations in Japan, have enabled risk estimation from low-LET radiation exposures. The identification of a cytogenetic signature that distinguishes high- from low-LET exposure remains a long-term goal in radiobiology. Recently developed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-painting methodologies have revealed unique endpoints related to radiation quality. Heavy-ions induce a high fraction of complex-type exchanges, and possibly unique chromosome rearrangements. This review will concentrate on recent data obtained with multicolor banding in situ hybridization (mBAND) methods in mammalian cells exposed to low- and high-LET radiations. Chromosome analysis with mBAND technique allows detection of both inter- and intrachromosomal exchanges, and also distribution of the breakpoints of aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Hada
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA; Universities Space Research Association, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
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