1
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Beyrent E, Wei DT, Beacham GM, Park S, Zheng J, Paszek MJ, Hollopeter G. Dimerization activates the Inversin complex in C. elegans. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar127. [PMID: 39110529 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-05-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic, colocalization, and biochemical studies suggest that the ankyrin repeat-containing proteins Inversin (INVS) and ANKS6 function with the NEK8 kinase to control tissue patterning and maintain organ physiology. It is unknown whether these three proteins assemble into a static "Inversin complex" or one that adopts multiple bioactive forms. Through the characterization of hyperactive alleles in C. elegans, we discovered that the Inversin complex is activated by dimerization. Genome engineering of an RFP tag onto the nematode homologues of INVS (MLT-4) and NEK8 (NEKL-2) induced a gain-of-function, cyst-like phenotype that was suppressed by monomerization of the fluorescent tag. Stimulated dimerization of MLT-4 or NEKL-2 using optogenetics was sufficient to recapitulate the phenotype of a constitutively active Inversin complex. Further, dimerization of NEKL-2 bypassed a lethal MLT-4 mutant, demonstrating that the dimeric form is required for function. We propose that dynamic switching between at least two functionally distinct states - an active dimer and an inactive monomer - gates the output of the Inversin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Beyrent
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Derek T Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Gwendolyn M Beacham
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Sangwoo Park
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Matthew J Paszek
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Gunther Hollopeter
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
- Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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2
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Beyrent E, Wei DT, Beacham GM, Park S, Zheng J, Paszek MJ, Hollopeter G. Dimerization activates the Inversin complex in C. elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.594761. [PMID: 38798613 PMCID: PMC11118560 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.594761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Genetic, colocalization, and biochemical studies suggest that the ankyrin repeat-containing proteins Inversin (INVS) and ANKS6 function with the NEK8 kinase to control tissue patterning and maintain organ physiology. It is unknown whether these three proteins assemble into a static "Inversin complex" or one that adopts multiple bioactive forms. Through characterization of hyperactive alleles in C. elegans , we discovered that the Inversin complex is activated by dimerization. Genome engineering of an RFP tag onto the nematode homologs of INVS (MLT-4) and NEK8 (NEKL-2) induced a gain-of-function, cyst-like phenotype that was suppressed by monomerization of the fluorescent tag. Stimulated dimerization of MLT-4 or NEKL-2 using optogenetics was sufficient to recapitulate the phenotype of a constitutively active Inversin complex. Further, dimerization of NEKL-2 bypassed a lethal MLT-4 mutant, demonstrating that the dimeric form is required for function. We propose that dynamic switching between at least two functionally distinct states-an active dimer and an inactive monomer-gates the output of the Inversin complex.
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3
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Kofotolios I, Bonios MJ, Adamopoulos M, Mourouzis I, Filippatos G, Boletis JN, Marinaki S, Mavroidis M. The Han:SPRD Rat: A Preclinical Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:362. [PMID: 38397964 PMCID: PMC10887417 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) stands as the most prevalent hereditary renal disorder in humans, ultimately culminating in end-stage kidney disease. Animal models carrying mutations associated with polycystic kidney disease have played an important role in the advancement of ADPKD research. The Han:SPRD rat model, carrying an R823W mutation in the Anks6 gene, is characterized by cyst formation and kidney enlargement. The mutated protein, named Samcystin, is localized in cilia of tubular epithelial cells and seems to be involved in cystogenesis. The homozygous Anks6 mutation leads to end-stage renal disease and death, making it a critical factor in kidney development and function. This review explores the utility of the Han:SPRD rat model, highlighting its phenotypic similarity to human ADPKD. Specifically, we discuss its role in preclinical trials and its importance for investigating the pathogenesis of the disease and developing new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kofotolios
- Clinic of Nephrology and Renal Tranplantation, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.M.)
| | - Michael J. Bonios
- Heart Failure and Transplant Unit, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 17674 Athens, Greece;
| | - Markos Adamopoulos
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.M.)
| | - Iordanis Mourouzis
- Department of Pharmacology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - John N. Boletis
- Clinic of Nephrology and Renal Tranplantation, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragdi Marinaki
- Clinic of Nephrology and Renal Tranplantation, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Mavroidis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.M.)
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4
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Liu K, Chen R, Wang X, Gong Y, Shi J, Gu B, Zhou Y, Cai W. Biallelic ANKS6 null variants cause notable extrarenal phenotypes in a nephronophthisis patient and lead to hepatobiliary abnormalities by YAP1 deficiency. Clin Genet 2023; 104:625-636. [PMID: 37525964 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The ankyrin repeat and sterile alpha motif domain containing 6 (ANKS6) gene, encoding an inversin compartment protein of the primary cilium, was recently reported as a pathogenic gene of nephronophthisis (MIM PS256100). Extrarenal manifestations are frequently observed in this disease, however, potential genotype-phenotype correlations and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we described an infant with kidney failure, hepatobiliary abnormalities, and heart disease, in whom whole exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous variants in ANKS6, including a novel nonsense variant p.Trp458* and a recurrent splicing variant c.2394+1G > A. mRNA expression studies showed that the splicing variant caused aberrant mRNA splicing with exon 13 skipping and the biallelic variants were predicted to cause loss of ANKS6 function. We systematically characterized the clinical and genetic spectra of the disease and revealed that biallelic null variants in ANKS6 cause more severe kidney disease and more extrarenal manifestations, thus establishing a clear genotype-phenotype correlation for the disease. Further evaluations showed that ANKS6 deficiency reduced YAP1 expression in the patient's bile duct epithelium and ANKS6 promotes YAP1 transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that loss of ANKS6 function causes hepatobiliary abnormalities through YAP1 deficiency during biliary morphogenesis and development, which may offer new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Gong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beilin Gu
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
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5
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Rothé B, Ikawa Y, Zhang Z, Katoh TA, Kajikawa E, Minegishi K, Xiaorei S, Fortier S, Dal Peraro M, Hamada H, Constam DB. Bicc1 ribonucleoprotein complexes specifying organ laterality are licensed by ANKS6-induced structural remodeling of associated ANKS3. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002302. [PMID: 37733651 PMCID: PMC10513324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ laterality of vertebrates is specified by accelerated asymmetric decay of Dand5 mRNA mediated by Bicaudal-C1 (Bicc1) on the left side, but whether binding of this or any other mRNA to Bicc1 can be regulated is unknown. Here, we found that a CRISPR-engineered truncation in ankyrin and sterile alpha motif (SAM)-containing 3 (ANKS3) leads to symmetric mRNA decay mediated by the Bicc1-interacting Dand5 3' UTR. AlphaFold structure predictions of protein complexes and their biochemical validation by in vitro reconstitution reveal a novel interaction of the C-terminal coiled coil domain of ANKS3 with Bicc1 that inhibits binding of target mRNAs, depending on the conformation of ANKS3 and its regulation by ANKS6. The dual regulation of RNA binding by mutually opposing structured protein domains in this multivalent protein network emerges as a novel mechanism linking associated laterality defects and possibly other ciliopathies to perturbed dynamics in Bicc1 ribonucleoparticle (RNP) formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rothé
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yayoi Ikawa
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Zhidian Zhang
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV IBI, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Takanobu A. Katoh
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Eriko Kajikawa
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Katsura Minegishi
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institutes of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sai Xiaorei
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institutes of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Simon Fortier
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV IBI, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hiroshi Hamada
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daniel B. Constam
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Rothé B, Fortier S, Gagnieux C, Schmuziger C, Constam DB. Antagonistic interactions among structured domains in the multivalent Bicc1-ANKS3-ANKS6 protein network govern phase transitioning of target mRNAs. iScience 2023; 26:106855. [PMID: 37275520 PMCID: PMC10232731 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing number of diseases linked to aberrant phase transitioning of ribonucleoproteins highlights the need to uncover how the interplay between multivalent protein and RNA interactions is regulated. Cytoplasmic granules of the RNA binding protein Bicaudal-C (Bicc1) are regulated by the ciliopathy proteins ankyrin (ANK) and sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain-containing ANKS3 and ANKS6, but whether and how target mRNAs are affected is unknown. Here, we show that head-to-tail polymers of Bicc1 nucleated by its SAM domain are interconnected by K homology (KH) domains in a protein meshwork that mediates liquid-to-gel transitioning of client transcripts. Moreover, while the dispersion of these granules by ANKS3 concomitantly released bound mRNAs, co-recruitment of ANKS6 by ANKS3 reinstated Bicc1 condensation and ribonucleoparticle assembly. RNA-independent Bicc1 polymerization and its dual regulation by ANKS3 and ANKS6 represent a new mechanism to couple the reversible immobilization of client mRNAs to controlled protein phase transitioning between distinct metastable states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rothé
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon Fortier
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Gagnieux
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Schmuziger
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel B. Constam
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Pyrshev K, Stavniichuk A, Tomilin VN, Khayyat NH, Ren G, Kordysh M, Zaika O, Mamenko M, Pochynyuk O. TRPV4 functional status in cystic cells regulates cystogenesis in autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease during variations in dietary potassium. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15641. [PMID: 36946001 PMCID: PMC10031299 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel plays a dominant role in maintaining [Ca2+ ]i homeostasis and flow-sensitive [Ca2+ ]i signaling in the renal tubule. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) manifests as progressive cyst growth due to cAMP-dependent fluid secretion along with deficient mechanosensitivity and impaired TRPV4 activity. Here, we tested how regulation of renal TRPV4 function by dietary K+ intake modulates the rate of cystogenesis and mechanosensitive [Ca2+ ]i signaling in cystic cells of PCK453 rats, a homologous model of human autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD). One month treatment with both high KCl (5% K+ ) and KB/C (5% K+ with bicarbonate/citrate) diets significantly increased TRPV4 levels when compared to control (0.9% K+ ). High KCl diet caused an increased TRPV4-dependent Ca2+ influx, and partial restoration of mechanosensitivity in freshly isolated monolayers of cystic cells. Unexpectedly, high KB/C diet induced an opposite effect by reducing TRPV4 activity and worsening [Ca2+ ]i homeostasis. Importantly, high KCl diet decreased cAMP, whereas high KB/C diet further increased cAMP levels in cystic cells (assessed as AQP2 distribution). At the systemic level, high KCl diet fed PCK453 rats had significantly lower kidney-to-bodyweight ratio and reduced cystic area. These beneficial effects were negated by a concomitant administration of an orally active TRPV4 antagonist, GSK2193874, resulting in greater kidney weight, accelerated cystogenesis, and augmented renal injury. High KB/C diet also exacerbated renal manifestations of ARPKD, consistent with deficient TRPV4 activity in cystic cells. Overall, we demonstrate that TRPV4 channel activity negatively regulates cAMP levels in cystic cells thus attenuating (high activity) or accelerating (low activity) ARPKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrylo Pyrshev
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Anna Stavniichuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Viktor N. Tomilin
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Naghmeh Hassanzadeh Khayyat
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Guohui Ren
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Mariya Kordysh
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Oleg Zaika
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Mykola Mamenko
- Department of PhysiologyAugusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Oleh Pochynyuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
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8
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Nardozi D, Palumbo S, Khan AUM, Sticht C, Bieback K, Sadeghi S, Kluth MA, Keese M, Gretz N. Potential Therapeutic Effects of Long-Term Stem Cell Administration: Impact on the Gene Profile and Kidney Function of PKD/Mhm (Cy/+) Rats. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092601. [PMID: 35566725 PMCID: PMC9102853 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders and one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease. Here, we investigate the potential effects of long-term human stem cell treatment on kidney function and the gene expression profile of PKD/Mhm (Cy/+) rats. Human adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) and human skin-derived ABCB5+ stromal cells (2 × 106) were infused intravenously or intraperitoneally monthly, over 6 months. Additionally, ASC and ABCB5+-derived conditioned media were administrated intraperitoneally. The gene expression profile results showed a significant reprogramming of metabolism-related pathways along with downregulation of the cAMP, NF-kB and apoptosis pathways. During the experimental period, we measured the principal renal parameters as well as renal function using an innovative non-invasive transcutaneous device. All together, these analyses show a moderate amelioration of renal function in the ABCB5+ and ASC-treated groups. Additionally, ABCB5+ and ASC-derived conditioned media treatments lead to milder but still promising improvements. Even though further analyses have to be performed, the preliminary results obtained in this study can lay the foundations for a novel therapeutic approach with the application of cell-based therapy in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nardozi
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.N.); (S.P.); (A.u.M.K.); (C.S.)
- Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Stefania Palumbo
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.N.); (S.P.); (A.u.M.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Arif ul Maula Khan
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.N.); (S.P.); (A.u.M.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.N.); (S.P.); (A.u.M.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunoscience, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Samar Sadeghi
- RHEACELL GmbH & Co.KG/TICEBA GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Mark Andreas Kluth
- RHEACELL GmbH & Co.KG/TICEBA GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.S.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Michael Keese
- Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.N.); (S.P.); (A.u.M.K.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Airik M, McCourt B, Ozturk TT, Huynh AB, Zhang X, Tometich JT, Topaloglu R, Ozen H, Orhan D, Nejak-Bowen K, Monga SP, Hand TW, Ozaltin F, Airik R. Mitigation of portal fibrosis and cholestatic liver disease in ANKS6-deficient livers by macrophage depletion. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22157. [PMID: 35032404 PMCID: PMC8852242 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101387r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a developmental liver disease that is caused by mutations in genes that encode ciliary proteins and is characterized by bile duct dysplasia and portal fibrosis. Recent work has demonstrated that mutations in ANKS6 can cause CHF due to its role in bile duct development. Here, we report a novel ANKS6 mutation, which was identified in an infant presenting with neonatal jaundice due to underlying biliary abnormalities and liver fibrosis. Molecular analysis revealed that ANKS6 liver pathology is associated with the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages to the periportal fibrotic tissue and ductal epithelium. To further investigate the role of macrophages in CHF pathophysiology, we generated a novel liver-specific Anks6 knockout mouse model. The mutant mice develop biliary abnormalities and rapidly progressing periportal fibrosis reminiscent of human CHF. The development of portal fibrosis in Anks6 KO mice coincided with the accumulation of inflammatory monocytes and macrophages in the mutant liver. Gene expression and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the preponderance of M1- over M2-like macrophages at the onset of fibrosis. A critical role for macrophages in promoting peribiliary fibrosis was demonstrated by depleting the macrophages with clodronate liposomes which effectively reduced inflammatory gene expression and fibrosis, and ameliorated tissue histology and biliary function in Anks6 KO livers. Together, this study demonstrates that macrophages play an important role in the initiation of liver fibrosis in ANKS6-deficient livers and their therapeutic elimination may provide an avenue to mitigate CHF in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Blake McCourt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tugba Tastemel Ozturk
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Amy B Huynh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Justin T Tometich
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224
| | - Rezan Topaloglu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ozen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Diclehan Orhan
- Pediatric Pathology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kari Nejak-Bowen
- Department of Pathology and Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Department of Pathology and Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy W Hand
- R.K. Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224
| | - Fatih Ozaltin
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey,Nephrogenetics Laboratory, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rannar Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,Corresponding Author: Name: Rannar Airik, PhD, Address: UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA, , Tel.: +1 (412) 692-6229, Fax.: +1 (412) 692-7816
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10
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Schwarz H, Popp B, Airik R, Torabi N, Knaup KX, Stoeckert J, Wiech T, Amann K, Reis A, Schiffer M, Wiesener MS, Schueler M. Biallelic ANKS6 mutations cause late onset ciliopathy with chronic kidney disease through YAP dysregulation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:1357-1369. [PMID: 34740236 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) comprises a group of inherited kidney diseases, caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins localizing to primary cilia. NPHP-RC represent the one of the most frequent monogenic causes of renal failure within the first three decades of life, but its molecular disease mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we identified biallelic ANKS6 mutations in two affected siblings with late onset chronic kidney disease by whole exome sequencing. We employed patient derived fibroblasts generating an in vitro model to study the precise biological impact of distinct human ANKS6 mutations, completed by immunohistochemistry studies on renal biopsy samples. Functional studies using patient derived cells showed an impaired integrity of the ciliary Inversin compartment with reduced cilia length. Further analyses demonstrated that ANKS6 deficiency leads to a dysregulation of Hippo-signaling through nuclear YAP imbalance, and disrupted ciliary localization of YAP. Additionally an altered transcriptional activity of canonical Wnt target genes and altered expression of non-phosphorylated (active) β-catenin and phosphorylated GSK3β were observed. Upon ciliation ANKS6 deficiency revealed a deranged subcellular localization and expression of components of the endocytic recycling compartment. Our results demonstrate that ANKS6 plays a key role in regulating the Hippo pathway and ANKS6 deficiency is linked to dysregulation of signaling pathways. Our study provides molecular clues in understanding pathophysiological mechanisms of NPHP-RC and may offer new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schwarz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Rannar Airik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Nasrin Torabi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Karl X Knaup
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Johanna Stoeckert
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Institute of Pathology, Nephropathology Section, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Michael S Wiesener
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
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11
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Gupta S, Ozimek-Kulik JE, Phillips JK. Nephronophthisis-Pathobiology and Molecular Pathogenesis of a Rare Kidney Genetic Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111762. [PMID: 34828368 PMCID: PMC8623546 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in our understanding of the aetiology and pathophysiology of genetic cystic kidney diseases can be attributed to the identification of cystogenic genes over the last three decades. The foundation of this was laid by positional cloning strategies which gradually shifted towards next-generation sequencing (NGS) based screenings. This shift has enabled the discovery of novel cystogenic genes at an accelerated pace unlike ever before and, most notably, the past decade has seen the largest increase in identification of the genes which cause nephronophthisis (NPHP). NPHP is a monogenic autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease caused by mutations in a diverse clade of over 26 identified genes and is the most common genetic cause of renal failure in children. NPHP gene types present with some common pathophysiological features alongside a diverse range of extra-renal phenotypes associated with specific syndromic presentations. This review provides a timely update on our knowledge of this disease, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, anatomical and molecular features. We delve into the diversity of the NPHP causing genes and discuss known molecular mechanisms and biochemical pathways that may have possible points of intersection with polycystic kidney disease (the most studied renal cystic pathology). We delineate the pathologies arising from extra-renal complications and co-morbidities and their impact on quality of life. Finally, we discuss the current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available for disease management, outlining possible avenues of research to improve the prognosis for NPHP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabarni Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Justyna E. Ozimek-Kulik
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Kathleen Phillips
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
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12
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Airik M, Schüler M, McCourt B, Weiss AC, Herdman N, Lüdtke TH, Widmeier E, Stolz DB, Nejak-Bowen KN, Yimlamai D, Wu YL, Kispert A, Airik R, Hildebrandt F. Loss of Anks6 leads to YAP deficiency and liver abnormalities. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:3064-3080. [PMID: 32886109 PMCID: PMC7733532 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ANKS6 is a ciliary protein that localizes to the proximal compartment of the primary cilium, where it regulates signaling. Mutations in the ANKS6 gene cause multiorgan ciliopathies in humans, which include laterality defects of the visceral organs, renal cysts as part of nephronophthisis and congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) in the liver. Although CHF together with liver ductal plate malformations are common features of several human ciliopathy syndromes, including nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies, the mechanism by which mutations in ciliary genes lead to bile duct developmental abnormalities is not understood. Here, we generated a knockout mouse model of Anks6 and show that ANKS6 function is required for bile duct morphogenesis and cholangiocyte differentiation. The loss of Anks6 causes ciliary abnormalities, ductal plate remodeling defects and periportal fibrosis in the liver. Our expression studies and biochemical analyses show that biliary abnormalities in Anks6-deficient livers result from the dysregulation of YAP transcriptional activity in the bile duct-lining epithelial cells. Mechanistically, our studies suggest, that ANKS6 antagonizes Hippo signaling in the liver during bile duct development by binding to Hippo pathway effector proteins YAP1, TAZ and TEAD4 and promoting their transcriptional activity. Together, this study reveals a novel function for ANKS6 in regulating Hippo signaling during organogenesis and provides mechanistic insights into the regulatory network controlling bile duct differentiation and morphogenesis during liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Markus Schüler
- Division of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charite University, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blake McCourt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Nathan Herdman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Eugen Widmeier
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kari N Nejak-Bowen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yijen L Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Rannar Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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13
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Stokman MF, Saunier S, Benmerah A. Renal Ciliopathies: Sorting Out Therapeutic Approaches for Nephronophthisis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653138. [PMID: 34055783 PMCID: PMC8155538 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy and a major cause of end-stage renal disease in children. The main forms, juvenile and adult NPH, are characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis whereas the infantile form is more severe and characterized by cysts. NPH is caused by mutations in over 20 different genes, most of which encode components of the primary cilium, an organelle in which important cellular signaling pathways converge. Ciliary signal transduction plays a critical role in kidney development and tissue homeostasis, and disruption of ciliary signaling has been associated with cyst formation, epithelial cell dedifferentiation and kidney function decline. Drugs have been identified that target specific signaling pathways (for example cAMP/PKA, Hedgehog, and mTOR pathways) and rescue NPH phenotypes in in vitro and/or in vivo models. Despite identification of numerous candidate drugs in rodent models, there has been a lack of clinical trials and there is currently no therapy that halts disease progression in NPH patients. This review covers the most important findings of therapeutic approaches in NPH model systems to date, including hypothesis-driven therapies and untargeted drug screens, approached from the pathophysiology of NPH. Importantly, most animal models used in these studies represent the cystic infantile form of NPH, which is less prevalent than the juvenile form. It appears therefore important to develop new models relevant for juvenile/adult NPH. Alternative non-orthologous animal models and developments in patient-based in vitro model systems are discussed, as well as future directions in personalized therapy for NPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijn F Stokman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Benmerah
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inherited Kidney Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
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14
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Molecular genetics of renal ciliopathies. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1205-1220. [PMID: 33960378 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Renal ciliopathies are a heterogenous group of inherited disorders leading to an array of phenotypes that include cystic kidney disease and renal interstitial fibrosis leading to progressive chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. The renal tubules are lined with epithelial cells that possess primary cilia that project into the lumen and act as sensory and signalling organelles. Mutations in genes encoding ciliary proteins involved in the structure and function of primary cilia cause ciliopathy syndromes and affect many organ systems including the kidney. Recognised disease phenotypes associated with primary ciliopathies that have a strong renal component include autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney disease and their various mimics, including atypical polycystic kidney disease and nephronophthisis. The molecular investigation of inherited renal ciliopathies often allows a precise diagnosis to be reached where renal histology and other investigations have been unhelpful and can help in determining kidney prognosis. With increasing molecular insights, it is now apparent that renal ciliopathies form a continuum of clinical phenotypes with disease entities that have been classically described as dominant or recessive at both extremes of the spectrum. Gene-dosage effects, hypomorphic alleles, modifier genes and digenic inheritance further contribute to the genetic complexity of these disorders. This review will focus on recent molecular genetic advances in the renal ciliopathy field with a focus on cystic kidney disease phenotypes and the genotypes that lead to them. We discuss recent novel insights into underlying disease mechanisms of renal ciliopathies that might be amenable to therapeutic intervention.
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15
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Mighri N, Hamdi Y, Boujemaa M, Othman H, Ben Nasr S, El Benna H, Mejri N, Labidi S, Ayari J, Jaidene O, Bouaziz H, Ben Rekaya M, M'rad R, Haddaoui A, Rahal K, Boussen H, Boubaker S, Abdelhak S. Identification of Novel BRCA1 and RAD50 Mutations Associated With Breast Cancer Predisposition in Tunisian Patients. Front Genet 2020; 11:552971. [PMID: 33240314 PMCID: PMC7677579 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.552971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deleterious mutations on BRCA1/2 genes are known to confer high risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. The identification of these mutations not only helped in selecting high risk individuals that need appropriate prevention approaches but also led to the development of the PARP-inhibitors targeted therapy. This study aims to assess the prevalence of the most frequent BRCA1 mutation in Tunisia, c.211dupA, and provide evidence of its common origin as well as its clinicopathological characteristics. We also aimed to identify additional actionable variants using classical and next generation sequencing technologies (NGS) which would allow to implement cost-effective genetic testing in limited resource countries. Patients and Methods Using sanger sequencing, 112 breast cancer families were screened for c.211dupA. A set of patients that do not carry this mutation were investigated using NGS. Haplotype analysis was performed to assess the founder effect and to estimate the age of this mutation. Correlations between genetic and clinical data were also performed. Results The c.211dupA mutation was identified in 8 carriers and a novel private BRCA1 mutation, c.2418dupA, was identified in one carrier. Both mutations are likely specific to North-Eastern Tunisia. Haplotype analysis supported the founder effect of c.211dupA and showed its recent origin. Phenotype-genotype correlation showed that both BRCA1 mutations seem to be associated with a severe phenotype. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis of a BRCA negative family revealed a Variant of Unknown Significance, c.3647C > G on RAD50. Molecular modeling showed that this variant could be classified as deleterious as it is responsible for destabilizing the RAD50 protein structure. Variant prioritization and pathway analysis of the WES data showed additional interesting candidate genes including MITF and ANKS6. Conclusion We recommend the prioritization of BRCA1-c.211dupA screening in high risk breast cancer families originating from the North-East of Tunisia. We also highlighted the importance of NGS in detecting novel mutations, such as RAD50-c.3647C > G. In addition, we strongly recommend using data from different ethnic groups to review the pathogenicity of this variant and reconsider its classification in ClinVar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najah Mighri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosr Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maroua Boujemaa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houcemeddine Othman
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sonia Ben Nasr
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda El Benna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Mejri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Labidi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Ayari
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Jaidene
- Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaiez Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Bouaziz
- Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaiez Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ben Rekaya
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ridha M'rad
- Service des Maladies Congénitales et Héréditaires, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abderrazek Haddaoui
- The Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Rahal
- Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaiez Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, LR16IPT05, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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16
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Kulkarni S, Abro B, Duque Lasio ML, Stoll J, Grange DK, He M. Clinical and Pathological Features of a Newborn With Compound Heterozygous ANKS6 Variants. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2020; 23:235-239. [PMID: 31635528 DOI: 10.1177/1093526619881541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a term female infant born to nonconsanguineous parents who presented with renal failure at birth, hypothyroidism, cholestasis, and progressive cardiac dysfunction. Multigene next-generation sequencing panels for cholestasis, cardiomyopathy, and cystic renal disease did not reveal a unifying diagnosis. Whole exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in ANKS6 (Ankyrin Repeat and Sterile Alpha Motif Domain Containing 6), which encodes a protein that interacts with other proteins of the Inv compartment of cilium (NEK8, NPHP2/INVS, and NPHP3). ANKS6 has been shown to be important for early renal development and cardiac looping in animal models. Autopsy revealed cystic renal dysplasia and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, disarray, and focal necrosis. Liver histology revealed cholestasis and centrilobular necrosis, which was likely a result of progressive cardiac failure. This is the first report of compound heterozygous variants in ANKS6 leading to a nephronopthisis-related ciliopathy-like phenotype. We conclude that pathogenic variants in ANKS6 may present early in life with severe renal and cardiac failure, similar to subjects with variants in genes encoding other proteins in the Inv compartment of the cilium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakil Kulkarni
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Brooj Abro
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Maria Laura Duque Lasio
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Janis Stoll
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dorothy K Grange
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mai He
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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17
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Vincenzi M, Mercurio FA, Leone M. Sam Domains in Multiple Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:450-476. [PMID: 30306850 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181009114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sterile alpha motif (Sam) domain is a small helical protein module, able to undergo homo- and hetero-oligomerization, as well as polymerization, thus forming different types of protein architectures. A few Sam domains are involved in pathological processes and consequently, they represent valuable targets for the development of new potential therapeutic routes. This study intends to collect state-of-the-art knowledge on the different modes by which Sam domains can favor disease onset and progression. METHODS This review was build up by searching throughout the literature, for: a) the structural properties of Sam domains, b) interactions mediated by a Sam module, c) presence of a Sam domain in proteins relevant for a specific disease. RESULTS Sam domains appear crucial in many diseases including cancer, renal disorders, cataracts. Often pathologies are linked to mutations directly positioned in the Sam domains that alter their stability and/or affect interactions that are crucial for proper protein functions. In only a few diseases, the Sam motif plays a kind of "side role" and cooperates to the pathological event by enhancing the action of a different protein domain. CONCLUSION Considering the many roles of the Sam domain into a significant variety of diseases, more efforts and novel drug discovery campaigns need to be engaged to find out small molecules and/or peptides targeting Sam domains. Such compounds may represent the pillars on which to build novel therapeutic strategies to cure different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Vincenzi
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Anna Mercurio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.,Cirpeb, InterUniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.,Cirpeb, InterUniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
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18
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Rothé B, Gagnieux C, Leal-Esteban LC, Constam DB. Role of the RNA-binding protein Bicaudal-C1 and interacting factors in cystic kidney diseases. Cell Signal 2019; 68:109499. [PMID: 31838063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic kidneys frequently associate with mutations in individual components of cilia, basal bodies or centriolar satellites that perturb complex protein networks. In this review, we focus on the RNA-binding protein Bicaudal-C1 (BICC1) which was found mutated in renal cystic dysplasia, and on its interactions with the ankyrin repeat and sterile α motif (SAM)-containing proteins ANKS3 and ANKS6 and associated kinases and their partially overlapping ciliopathy phenotypes. After reviewing BICC1 homologs in model organisms and their functions in mRNA and cell metabolism during development and in renal tubules, we discuss recent insights from cell-based assays and from structure analysis of the SAM domains, and how SAM domain oligomerization might influence multivalent higher order complexes that are implicated in ciliary signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rothé
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Gagnieux
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Carolina Leal-Esteban
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel B Constam
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) SV ISREC, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Fang B, Guo J, Hao C, Guo R, Qian S, Li W, Jia X. Whole-exome sequencing identifies a novel compound heterozygous mutation of ANKS6 gene in a Chinese nephronophthisis patient. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 501:131-135. [PMID: 31678577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease that leads to renal failure in childhood or adolescence. NPHP and the related syndromes have been termed 'ciliopathies' because most NPHP gene products localize to the cilium or its associated structures. METHODS Here, we report a 2-year and 11-month-old Chinese girl with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and myocardial hypertrophy. We performed trio-whole-exome sequencing to identify the causative variant of this patient. RESULTS We identified an unreported compound heterozygous mutation (c.2420dupT, p.Thr808Aspfs*2 and c.1973-1G > A) in ANKS6 in the proband. The frameshift mutation c.2420dupT of ANKS6 was inherited from the proband's unaffected father and the splicing mutation c.1973-1G > A of ANKS6 was inherited from the proband's unaffected mother. Homozygous mutation in ANKS6 leads to NPHP16 (OMIM#615382) and this is the first case with a compound heterozygous mutation in the NPHP16 gene. CONCLUSION We have identified a patient with ANKS6 variants in the East-Asian population for the first time. This case report expands the clinical and genetic spectra of NPHP and emphasizes the usefulness of whole-exome sequencing for genetic diagnosis of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boliang Fang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Inherited & Metabolic Diseases, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chanjuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Inherited & Metabolic Diseases, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruolan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Inherited & Metabolic Diseases, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suyun Qian
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Inherited & Metabolic Diseases, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xinlei Jia
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
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20
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Schlimpert M, Lagies S, Müller B, Budnyk V, Blanz KD, Walz G, Kammerer B. Metabolic perturbations caused by depletion of nephronophthisis factor Anks6 in mIMCD3 cells. Metabolomics 2019; 15:71. [PMID: 31041607 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an inherited form of cystic kidney disease with various extrarenal manifestations accounting for the largest amount of endstage renal disease in childhood. Patient mutations of Anks6 have also been found to cause NPH like phenotypes in animal models. However, little is known about functionality of Anks6. OBJECTIVES/METHODS We investigated the impact of Anks6 depletion on cellular metabolism of inner medullary collecting duct cells by GC-MS profiling and targeted LC-MS/MS analysis using two different shRNA cell lines for tetracycline-inducible Anks6 downregulation, namely mIMCD3 krab shANKS6 i52 and mIMCD3 krab shANKS6 i12. RESULTS In combination, we could successfully identify 158 metabolites of which 20 compounds showed similar alterations in both knockdown systems. Especially, large neutral amino acids, such as phenylalanine, where found to be significantly downregulated indicating disturbances in amino acid metabolism. Arginine, lysine and spermidine, which play an important role in cell survival and proliferation, were found to be downregulated. Accordingly, cell growth was diminished in tet treated mIMCD3 krab shANKS6 i52 knockdown cells. Deoxynucleosides were significantly downregulated in both knockdown systems. Hence, PARP1 levels were increased in tet treated mIMCD3 krab shANKS6 i52 cells, but not in tet treated mIMCD3 krab shANKS6 i12 cells. However, yH2AX was found to be increased in the latter. CONCLUSION In combination, we hypothesise that Anks6 affects DNA damage responses and proliferation and plays a crucial role in physiological amino acid and purine/pyrimidine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schlimpert
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lagies
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Müller
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vadym Budnyk
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kelly Daryll Blanz
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Walz
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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21
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Blackburn ATM, Miller RK. Modeling congenital kidney diseases in Xenopus laevis. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/4/dmm038604. [PMID: 30967415 PMCID: PMC6505484 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.038604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) occur in ∼1/500 live births and are a leading cause of pediatric kidney failure. With an average wait time of 3-5 years for a kidney transplant, the need is high for the development of new strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of CAKUT and preserving renal function. Next-generation sequencing has uncovered a significant number of putative causal genes, but a simple and efficient model system to examine the function of CAKUT genes is needed. Xenopus laevis (frog) embryos are well-suited to model congenital kidney diseases and to explore the mechanisms that cause these developmental defects. Xenopus has many advantages for studying the kidney: the embryos develop externally and are easily manipulated with microinjections, they have a functional kidney in ∼2 days, and 79% of identified human disease genes have a verified ortholog in Xenopus. This facilitates high-throughput screening of candidate CAKUT-causing genes. In this Review, we present the similarities between Xenopus and mammalian kidneys, highlight studies of CAKUT-causing genes in Xenopus and describe how common kidney diseases have been modeled successfully in this model organism. Additionally, we discuss several molecular pathways associated with kidney disease that have been studied in Xenopus and demonstrate why it is a useful model for studying human kidney diseases. Summary: Understanding how congenital kidney diseases arise is imperative to their treatment. Using Xenopus as a model will aid in elucidating kidney development and congenital kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria T M Blackburn
- Pediatric Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rachel K Miller
- Pediatric Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA .,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Program in Biochemistry and Cell Biology Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Luo F, Tao YH. Nephronophthisis: A review of genotype-phenotype correlation. Nephrology (Carlton) 2018; 23:904-911. [PMID: 29717526 PMCID: PMC6175366 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nephronophthisis is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease and one of the most common genetic disorders causing end‐stage renal disease in children. Nephronophthisis is a genetically heterogenous disorder with more than 25 identified genes. In 10%–20% of cases, there are additional features of a ciliopathy syndrome, such as retinal defects, liver fibrosis, skeletal abnormalities, and brain developmental disorders. This review provides an update of the recent advances in the clinical features and related gene mutations of nephronophthisis, and novel approaches for therapy in nephronophthisis patients may be needed. Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a renal ciliopathy affecting children and young adults. This review gives an update on the recent advances in the clinical features and related gene mutations of NPHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Hong Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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23
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Metabolic Phenotyping of Anks3 Depletion in mIMCD-3 cells - a Putative Nephronophthisis Candidate. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9022. [PMID: 29899363 PMCID: PMC5998149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal recessive form of cystic kidney disease and the leading cause of hereditary kidney failure in children and young adults. Like other NPH proteins, the NPHP16/Anks6-interacting protein Anks3 has been identified to cause laterality defects in humans. However, the cellular functions of Anks3 remain enigmatic. We investigated the metabolic impact of Anks3 depletion in cultured murine inner medullary collecting duct cells via GC-MS profiling and LC-MS/MS analysis. Combined metabolomics successfully identified 155 metabolites; 48 metabolites were identified to be significantly altered by decreasing Anks3 levels. Especially, amino acid and purine/pyrimidine metabolism were affected by loss of Anks3. Branched-chain amino acids were identified to be significantly downregulated suggesting disrupted nutrient signalling. Tryptophan and 1-ribosyl-imidazolenicotinamide accumulated whereas NAD+ and NADP+ concentrations were diminished indicating disturbances within the tryptophan-niacin pathway. Most strikingly, nucleosides were reduced upon Anks3 depletion, while 5-methyluridine and 6-methyladenosine accumulated over time. Hence, elevated PARP1 and cleaved PARP1 levels could be detected. Furthermore, living cell number and viability was significantly declined. In combination, these results suggest that Anks3 may be involved in DNA damage responses by balancing the intracellular nucleoside pool.
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24
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Rothé B, Leettola CN, Leal-Esteban L, Cascio D, Fortier S, Isenschmid M, Bowie JU, Constam DB. Crystal Structure of Bicc1 SAM Polymer and Mapping of Interactions between the Ciliopathy-Associated Proteins Bicc1, ANKS3, and ANKS6. Structure 2018; 26:209-224.e6. [PMID: 29290488 PMCID: PMC6258031 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Head-to-tail polymers of sterile alpha motifs (SAM) can scaffold large macromolecular complexes. Several SAM-domain proteins that bind each other are mutated in patients with cystic kidneys or laterality defects, including the Ankyrin (ANK) and SAM domain-containing proteins ANKS6 and ANKS3, and the RNA-binding protein Bicc1. To address how their interactions are regulated, we first determined a high-resolution crystal structure of a Bicc1-SAM polymer, revealing a canonical SAM polymer with a high degree of flexibility in the subunit interface orientations. We further mapped interactions between full-length and distinct domains of Bicc1, ANKS3, and ANKS6. Neither ANKS3 nor ANKS6 alone formed macroscopic homopolymers in vivo. However, ANKS3 recruited ANKS6 to Bicc1, and the three proteins together cooperatively generated giant macromolecular complexes. Thus, the giant assemblies are shaped by SAM domains, their flanking sequences, and SAM-independent protein-protein and protein-mRNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rothé
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Life Sciences, SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine N Leettola
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Boyer Hall, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA
| | - Lucia Leal-Esteban
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Life Sciences, SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Duilio Cascio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Boyer Hall, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA
| | - Simon Fortier
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Life Sciences, SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Isenschmid
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Life Sciences, SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James U Bowie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Boyer Hall, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1570, USA
| | - Daniel B Constam
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Life Sciences, SV ISREC, Station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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25
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Rodenbeck SD, Zarse CA, McKenney-Drake ML, Bruning RS, Sturek M, Chen NX, Moe SM. Intracellular calcium increases in vascular smooth muscle cells with progression of chronic kidney disease in a rat model. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017; 32:450-458. [PMID: 27510531 PMCID: PMC5837609 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exhibit phenotypic plasticity, promoting vascular calcification and increasing cardiovascular risk. Changes in VSMC intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) are a major determinant of plasticity, but little is known about changes in [Ca 2+ ] i in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We have previously demonstrated such plasticity in aortas from our rat model of CKD and therefore sought to examine changes in [Ca 2+ ] i during CKD progression. Materials and Methods We examined freshly isolated VSMCs from aortas of normal rats, Cy/+ rats (CKD) with early and advanced CKD, and advanced CKD rats treated without and with 3% calcium gluconate (CKD + Ca 2+ ) to lower parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. [Ca 2+ ] i was measured with fura-2. Results Cy/+ rats developed progressive CKD, as assessed by plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23. VSMCs isolated from rats with CKD demonstrated biphasic alterations in resting [Ca 2+ ] i : VSMCs from rats with early CKD exhibited reduced resting [Ca 2+ ] i , while VSMCs from rats with advanced CKD exhibited elevated resting [Ca 2+ ] i . Caffeine-induced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca 2+ store release was modestly increased in early CKD and was more drastically increased in advanced CKD. The advanced CKD elevation in SR Ca 2+ store release was associated with a significant increase in the activity of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase (SERCA); however, SERCA2a protein expression was decreased in advanced CKD. Following SR Ca 2+ store release, recovery of [Ca 2+ ] i in the presence of caffeine and extracellular Ca 2+ was attenuated in VSMCs from rats with advanced CKD. This impairment, together with reductions in expression of the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger, suggest a reduction in Ca 2+ extrusion capability. Finally, store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) was assessed following SR Ca 2+ store depletion. Ca 2+ entry during recovery from caffeine-induced SR Ca 2+ store release was elevated in advanced CKD, suggesting a role for exacerbated SOCE with progressing CKD. Conclusions With progressive CKD in the Cy/+ rat there is increased resting [Ca 2+ ] i in VSMCs due, in part, to increased SOCE and impaired calcium extrusion from the cell. Such changes may predispose VSMCs to phenotypic changes that are a prerequisite to calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Dineen Rodenbeck
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chad A. Zarse
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street, R2-202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mikaela L. McKenney-Drake
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Bruning
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael Sturek
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Neal X. Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street, R2-202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sharon M. Moe
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street, R2-202, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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26
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Srivastava S, Molinari E, Raman S, Sayer JA. Many Genes-One Disease? Genetics of Nephronophthisis (NPHP) and NPHP-Associated Disorders. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:287. [PMID: 29379777 PMCID: PMC5770800 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a renal ciliopathy and an autosomal recessive cause of cystic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, and end-stage renal failure, affecting children and young adults. Molecular genetic studies have identified more than 20 genes underlying this disorder, whose protein products are all related to cilia, centrosome, or mitotic spindle function. In around 15% of cases, there are additional features of a ciliopathy syndrome, including retinal defects, liver fibrosis, skeletal abnormalities, and brain developmental disorders. Alongside, gene identification has arisen molecular mechanistic insights into the disease pathogenesis. The genetic causes of NPHP are discussed in terms of how they help us to define treatable disease pathways including the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway, the mTOR pathway, Hedgehog signaling pathways, and DNA damage response pathways. While the underlying pathology of the many types of NPHP remains similar, the defined disease mechanisms are diverse, and a personalized medicine approach for therapy in NPHP patients is likely to be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalabh Srivastava
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Renal Unit, City Hospitals Sunderland and South Tyneside NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Molinari
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Shreya Raman
- Department of Histopathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John A Sayer
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Renal Services, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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27
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Mallett A, Patel C, Maier B, McGaughran J, Gabbett M, Takasato M, Cameron A, Trnka P, Alexander SI, Rangan G, Tchan MC, Caruana G, John G, Quinlan C, McCarthy HJ, Hyland V, Hoy WE, Wolvetang E, Taft R, Simons C, Healy H, Little M. A protocol for the identification and validation of novel genetic causes of kidney disease. BMC Nephrol 2015; 16:152. [PMID: 26374634 PMCID: PMC4570515 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-015-0148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic renal diseases (GRD) are a heterogeneous and incompletely understood group of disorders accounting for approximately 10 % of those diagnosed with kidney disease. The advent of Next Generation sequencing and new approaches to disease modelling may allow the identification and validation of novel genetic variants in patients with previously incompletely explained or understood GRD. METHODS/DESIGN This study will recruit participants in families/trios from a multidisciplinary sub-specialty Renal Genetics Clinic where known genetic causes of GRD have been excluded or where genetic testing is not available. After informed patient consent, whole exome and/or genome sequencing will be performed with bioinformatics analysis undertaken using a customised variant assessment tool. A rigorous process for participant data management will be undertaken. Novel genetic findings will be validated using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells via differentiation to renal and relevant extra-renal tissue phenotypes in vitro. A process for managing the risk of incidental findings and the return of study results to participants has been developed. DISCUSSION This investigator-initiated approach brings together experts in nephrology, clinical and molecular genetics, pathology and developmental biology to discover and validate novel genetic causes for patients in Australia affected by GRD without a known genetic aetiology or pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mallett
- Kidney Health Service and Conjoint Kidney Research Laboratory, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. .,Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Centre for Chronic Disease and CKD.QLD, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia. .,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia. .,Kidney Health Service, Level 9, Ned Hanlon Building, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Herston, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia.
| | - Chirag Patel
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Barbara Maier
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie McGaughran
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael Gabbett
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Minoru Takasato
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anne Cameron
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Centre for Chronic Disease and CKD.QLD, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Peter Trnka
- Queensland Child and Adolescent Renal Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen I Alexander
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gopala Rangan
- Department of Nephrology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michel C Tchan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Georgina Caruana
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George John
- Kidney Health Service and Conjoint Kidney Research Laboratory, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cathy Quinlan
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hugh J McCarthy
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Valentine Hyland
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pathology Queensland and Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wendy E Hoy
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Centre for Chronic Disease and CKD.QLD, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Ernst Wolvetang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Ryan Taft
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Cas Simons
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Helen Healy
- Kidney Health Service and Conjoint Kidney Research Laboratory, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Centre for Chronic Disease and CKD.QLD, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Melissa Little
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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28
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Delestré L, Bakey Z, Prado C, Hoffmann S, Bihoreau MT, Lelongt B, Gauguier D. ANKS3 Co-Localises with ANKS6 in Mouse Renal Cilia and Is Associated with Vasopressin Signaling and Apoptosis In Vivo in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136781. [PMID: 26327442 PMCID: PMC4556665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Ankyrin repeat and sterile alpha motif domain containing 6 (ANKS6) play a causative role in renal cyst formation in the PKD/Mhm(cy/+) rat model of polycystic kidney disease and in nephronophthisis in humans. A network of protein partners of ANKS6 is emerging and their functional characterization provides important clues to understand the role of ANKS6 in renal biology and in mechanisms involved in the formation of renal cysts. Following experimental confirmation of interaction between ANKS6and ANKS3 using a Yeast two hybrid system, we demonstrated that binding between the two proteins occurs through their sterile alpha motif (SAM) and that the amino acid 823 in rat ANSK6 is key for this interaction. We further showed their interaction by co-immunoprecipitation and showed in vivo in mice that ANKS3 is present in renal cilia. Downregulated expression of Anks3 in vivo in mice by Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) modified antisense oligonucleotides was associated with increased transcription of vasopressin-induced genes, suggesting changes in renal water permeability, and altered transcription of genes encoding proteins involved in cilium structure, apoptosis and cell proliferation. These data provide experimental evidence of ANKS3-ANKS6 direct interaction through their SAM domain and co-localisation in mouse renal cilia, and shed light on molecular mechanisms indirectly mediated by ANKS6 in the mouse kidney, that may be affected by altered ANKS3-ANKS6 interaction. Our results contribute to improved knowledge of the structure and function of the network of proteins interacting with ANKS6, which may represent therapeutic targets in cystic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Delestré
- Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre and Marie Curie, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR_S1138, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Zeineb Bakey
- Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre and Marie Curie, UMR_S1155, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S1155 Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Cécilia Prado
- Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre and Marie Curie, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR_S1138, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Sigrid Hoffmann
- Medical Research Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Brigitte Lelongt
- Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre and Marie Curie, UMR_S1155, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S1155 Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Gauguier
- Sorbonne Universities, University Pierre and Marie Curie, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR_S1138, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism & Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, University Pierre and Marie-Curie, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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29
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Newman CL, Chen NX, Smith E, Smith M, Brown D, Moe SM, Allen MR. Compromised vertebral structural and mechanical properties associated with progressive kidney disease and the effects of traditional pharmacological interventions. Bone 2015; 77:50-6. [PMID: 25892482 PMCID: PMC4447592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Patients with chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) have a significantly higher vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk than the general population. Several preclinical models have documented altered skeletal properties in long bones, but few data exist for vertebral bone. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of progressive CKD on vertebral bone structure and mechanics and to determine the effects of treatment with either bisphosphonates or anti-sclerostin antibody in groups of animals with high or low PTH. METHODS Animals with progressive kidney disease were left untreated, treated with calcium to lower PTH, zoledronic acid to lower remodeling without affecting PTH, anti-sclerostin antibody, or anti-sclerostin antibody plus calcium. Non-diseased, untreated littermates served as controls. Vertebral bone morphology (trabecular and cortical) and mechanical properties (structural and material-level) were assessed at 35 weeks of age by microCT and mechanical testing, respectively. RESULTS CKD with high PTH resulted in 6-fold higher bone formation rate, significant reductions in the amount of trabecular and cortical bone, and compromised whole bone mechanical properties in the vertebra compared to normal animals. Treatments that reduced bone remodeling were effective in normalizing vertebral structure and mechanical properties only if the treatment reduced serum PTH. Similarly, treatment with anti-sclerostin antibody was effective in enhancing bone mass and mechanical properties but only if combined with PTH-suppressive treatment. CONCLUSIONS CKD significantly altered both cortical and trabecular bone properties in the vertebra resulting in compromised mechanical properties and these changes can be normalized by interventions that involve reductions in PTH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neal X Chen
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Eric Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Mark Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Drew Brown
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sharon M Moe
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew R Allen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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30
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Abstract
Loss of the RNA-binding protein Bicaudal-C (Bicc1) provokes renal and pancreatic cysts as well as ectopic Wnt/β-catenin signaling during visceral left-right patterning. Renal cysts are linked to defective silencing of Bicc1 target mRNAs, including adenylate cyclase 6 (AC6). RNA binding of Bicc1 is mediated by N-terminal KH domains, whereas a C-terminal sterile alpha motif (SAM) self-polymerizes in vitro and localizes Bicc1 in cytoplasmic foci in vivo. To assess a role for multimerization in silencing, we conducted structure modeling and then mutated the SAM domain residues which in this model were predicted to polymerize Bicc1 in a left-handed helix. We show that a SAM-SAM interface concentrates Bicc1 in cytoplasmic clusters to specifically localize and silence bound mRNA. In addition, defective polymerization decreases Bicc1 stability and thus indirectly attenuates inhibition of Dishevelled 2 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Importantly, aberrant C-terminal extension of the SAM domain in bpk mutant Bicc1 phenocopied these defects. We conclude that polymerization is a novel disease-relevant mechanism both to stabilize Bicc1 and to present associated mRNAs in specific silencing platforms.
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31
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Bakey Z, Bihoreau MT, Piedagnel R, Delestré L, Arnould C, de Villiers AD, Devuyst O, Hoffmann S, Ronco P, Gauguier D, Lelongt B. The SAM domain of ANKS6 has different interacting partners and mutations can induce different cystic phenotypes. Kidney Int 2015; 88:299-310. [PMID: 26039630 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The ankyrin repeat and sterile α motif (SAM) domain-containing six gene (Anks6) is a candidate for polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Originally identified in the PKD/Mhm(cy/+) rat model of PKD, the disease is caused by a mutation (R823W) in the SAM domain of the encoded protein. Recent studies support the etiological role of the ANKS6 SAM domain in human cystic diseases, but its function in kidney remains unknown. To investigate the role of ANKS6 in cyst formation, we screened an archive of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-treated mice and derived a strain carrying a missense mutation (I747N) within the SAM domain of ANKS6. This mutation is only six amino acids away from the PKD-causing mutation (R823W) in cy/+ rats. Evidence of renal cysts in these mice confirmed the crucial role of the SAM domain of ANKS6 in kidney function. Comparative phenotype analysis in cy/+ rats and our Anks6(I747N) mice further showed that the two models display noticeably different PKD phenotypes and that there is a defective interaction between ANKS6 with ANKS3 in the rat and between ANKS6 and BICC1 (bicaudal C homolog 1) in the mouse. Thus, our data demonstrate the importance of ANKS6 for kidney structure integrity and the essential mediating role of its SAM domain in the formation of protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Bakey
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1155, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | | | - Rémi Piedagnel
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1155, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Laure Delestré
- 1] UPD University of Paris 05, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1138, CRC, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Arnould
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1155, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre d'Hotman de Villiers
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1155, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- 1] UCL Medical School, Brussels, Belgium [2] University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sigrid Hoffmann
- Medical Research Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pierre Ronco
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1155, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France [3] AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Gauguier
- 1] UPD University of Paris 05, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1138, CRC, Paris, France [3] Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, University Pierre & Marie Curie, Hospital Pitié Salpetrière, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Lelongt
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1155, Paris, France [2] INSERM, UMR_S1155, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
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32
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease and is one of the most common genetic disorders causing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children and adolescents. NPHP is a genetically heterogenous disorder with 20 identified genes. NPHP occurs as an isolated kidney disease, but approximately 15% of NPHP patients have additional extrarenal symptoms affecting other organs [e.g. eyes, liver, bones and central nervous system (CNS)]. The pleiotropy in NPHP is explained by the finding that almost all NPHP gene products share expression in primary cilia, a sensory organelle present in most mammalian cells. If extrarenal symptoms are present in addition to NPHP, these disorders are classified as NPHP-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC). This review provides an update about recent advances in the field of NPHP-RC. RECENT FINDINGS The identification of novel disease-causing genes has improved our understanding of the pathomechanisms contributing to NPHP-RC. Multiple interactions between different NPHP-RC gene products have been published and outline the interconnectivity of the affected proteins and shared pathways. SUMMARY The significance of recently identified genes for NPHP-RC is discussed and the complex role and interaction of NPHP proteins in ciliary function and cellular signalling pathways is highlighted.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adolescent
- Child
- Cilia/pathology
- Cilia/physiology
- Cytoskeletal Proteins
- Genes, Recessive
- Humans
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/complications
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/congenital
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/pathology
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/physiopathology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/genetics
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/pathology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mutation/genetics
- Phenotype
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T F Wolf
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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