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Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk K, Skóra B, Szychowski KA. Toxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and its derivatives in divers biological models with the assessment of molecular mechanisms of toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27747-y. [PMID: 37213006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27747-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine totoxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and its derivatives (bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)) due to its high accumulation in environment. The performed analysis revealed the toxicity of the BPA, BPF, and BPS against Kurthia gibsoni, Microbacterium sp., and Brevundimonas diminuta as the most sensitive, reaching microbial toxic concentrations in the range of 0.018-0.031 mg ∙ L-1. Moreover, the genotoxicity assay shows the ability of all tested compounds to increase in the β-galactosidase level at the concentration range 7.81-500 µM (in Escherichia coli, PQ37). In turn, the matbolic activation of tested bishpenols has caused the enhacement of the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effect. Interestingely, the highest phytotoxicity effect was pointed for BPA and TBBPA at the concentrations of 10 mg ∙ L-1 and 50 mg ∙ L-1, which cause the inhibition of root growth by 58% and 45%, respectively (especially for S. alba and S. saccharatum). Furthermore, the cytotoxicity analyses show the ability of BPA, BPS, and TBBPA to significantly decrease the metabolic activity of human keratynoctes in vitro after 24 h of treatment at the micromolar concentrations. Simialry, the impact of the certain bisphenols on proliferation-, apoptosis-, and inflammation-related mRNA expression was shown in tested cell line. Summarizing, the presented results have proved that BPA and its derrivatives are able to show high negative effect on certain living orgnisms such as bacteria, plants, and human cells, which is strict related to pro-apoptotic and genotoxic mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, The University of Life Sciences, Leszczyńskiego Street 7, 20-069, Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland.
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Sinton MC, Meseguer-Ripolles J, Lucendo-Villarin B, Drake AJ, Hay DC. Modeling human hepatic steatosis in pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100493. [PMID: 33997813 PMCID: PMC8091923 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This protocol describes the production of hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) from human pluripotent stem cells and how to induce hepatic steatosis, a condition characterized by intracellular lipid accumulation. Following differentiation to an HLC phenotype, intracellular lipid accumulation is induced with a steatosis induction cocktail, allowing the user to examine the cellular processes that underpin hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, the renewable nature of our system, on a defined genetic background, permits in-depth mechanistic analysis, which may facilitate therapeutic target identification in the future. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sinton et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Sinton
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jose Meseguer-Ripolles
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Baltasar Lucendo-Villarin
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Amanda J. Drake
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - David C. Hay
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
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Sinton MC, Meseguer-Ripolles J, Lucendo-Villarin B, Wernig-Zorc S, Thomson JP, Carter RN, Lyall MJ, Walker PD, Thakker A, Meehan RR, Lavery GG, Morton NM, Ludwig C, Tennant DA, Hay DC, Drake AJ. A human pluripotent stem cell model for the analysis of metabolic dysfunction in hepatic steatosis. iScience 2021; 24:101931. [PMID: 33409477 PMCID: PMC7773967 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most prevalent form of liver disease worldwide. This term encompasses a spectrum of pathologies, from benign hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which have, to date, been challenging to model in the laboratory setting. Here, we present a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived model of hepatic steatosis, which overcomes inherent challenges of current models and provides insights into the metabolic rewiring associated with steatosis. Following induction of macrovesicular steatosis in hepatocyte-like cells using lactate, pyruvate, and octanoate (LPO), respirometry and transcriptomic analyses revealed compromised electron transport chain activity. 13C isotopic tracing studies revealed enhanced TCA cycle anaplerosis, with concomitant development of a compensatory purine nucleotide cycle shunt leading to excess generation of fumarate. This model of hepatic steatosis is reproducible, scalable, and overcomes the challenges of studying mitochondrial metabolism in currently available models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Sinton
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jose Meseguer-Ripolles
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Baltasar Lucendo-Villarin
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sara Wernig-Zorc
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - John P. Thomson
- Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4, 2XU, UK
| | - Roderick N. Carter
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Marcus J. Lyall
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Paul D. Walker
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, IBR Tower, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT,, UK
| | - Alpesh Thakker
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, IBR Tower, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT,, UK
| | - Richard R. Meehan
- Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4, 2XU, UK
| | - Gareth G. Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, IBR Tower, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT,, UK
| | - Nicholas M. Morton
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Christian Ludwig
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, IBR Tower, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT,, UK
| | - Daniel A. Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, IBR Tower, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Edgbaston, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT,, UK
| | - David C. Hay
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 5 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Amanda J. Drake
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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