Mechanosensitivity of Cells and Its Role in the Regulation of Physiological Functions and the Implementation of Physiotherapeutic Effects (Review)

TXNIP mediated by EZH2 regulated osteogenic differentiation in hBmscs and MC3T3-E1 cells through the modulation of oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway

BACKGROUND

Previous research has identified a significant role of Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in bone loss. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the role and the underlying molecular mechanisms of TXNIP in the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) and pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells.

METHODS

Human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) and MC3T3-E1 cells were used to induce osteogenic differentiation. The expression of genes and proteins was assessed using RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. ChIP assay was used to validate the interaction between genes. The osteogenic differentiation ability of cells was reflected using ALP staining and detection of ALP activity. The mineralization ability of cells was assessed using ARS staining. DCFCA staining was employed to evaluate the intracellular ROS level.

RESULTS

Initially, downregulation of TXNIP and upregulation of EZH2 were observed during osteogenesis in hBMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells. Additionally, it was discovered that EZH2 negatively regulates TXNIP expression in these cells. Furthermore, experiments indicated that the knockdown of TXNIP stimulated the activation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway in hBMSCs and MC3T3- E1 cells, thus inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further functional experiments revealed that overexpression of TXNIP inhibited the osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells by enhancing ROS produc-tion. On the other hand, knockdown of TXNIP promoted the osteogenic differentiation capacity of hBMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this study demonstrated that TXNIP expression, under the regulation of EZH2, plays a crucial role in the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells by regulating ROS production and the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway.

[Correction of age-related changes in facial tissues and restoration of the body's functional reserves using dynamic electroneurostimulation and spectral phototherapy]

Theoretical background of a rational combination of dynamic electric neurostimulation (DENS) and spectral phototherapy (SPT) for complex elimination of age-related changes of facial tissues (ARCFT) and restoration of the body's functional reserves (BFR) is provided. Comparative results of separate and combined application of DENS and SPT (DENS&SPT) are provided. The results obtained upon examination of 90 patients have shown that DENS&SPT is more effective compared to separate application of the above procedures for both eliminating ARCFT and increasing BFR. After a course of DENS&SPT procedures, 87.5% of women evaluated the obtained aesthetic result as «significant improvement» and «improvement». When exposed to DENS&SPT, 5 of 8 measured parameters of facial skin condition improved significantly. At the same time, there was a restoration of BFR stress levels to moderate and optimal levels. DENS&SPT provides a mutually potentiating effect both in the aspect of correction of ARCFT and restoration of BFR decreasing with age.