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Chilosi M, Piciucchi S, Ravaglia C, Spagnolo P, Sverzellati N, Tomassetti S, Wuyts W, Poletti V. "Alveolar stem cell exhaustion, fibrosis and bronchiolar proliferation" related entities. A narrative review. Pulmonology 2024:S2531-0437(24)00092-8. [PMID: 39277539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Chilosi
- Department of Medical Specialities/Pulmonology Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì I
| | - S Piciucchi
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì I.
| | - C Ravaglia
- Department of Medical Specialities/Pulmonology Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì (I); DIMEC, Bologna University, Forlì Campus, Forlì I, Department
| | - P Spagnolo
- Respiratory Disease Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - N Sverzellati
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Tomassetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - W Wuyts
- Pulmonology Department, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Poletti
- Department of Medical Specialities/Pulmonology Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì (I); DIMEC, Bologna University, Forlì Campus, Forlì I, Department; Department of Respiratory Diseases & Allergy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Chan WL, Bucher CH, Goldes J, Ma AC, Steiner M, Willie BM, Mundlos S, Kornak U. Targeting TGF-β signaling, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence rescues osteoporosis in gerodermia osteodysplastica. Aging Cell 2024:e14322. [PMID: 39234801 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
GORAB is a key regulator of Golgi vesicle transport and protein glycanation. Loss of GORAB function in gerodermia osteodysplastica (GO) causes shortening of glycosaminoglycan chains, leading to extracellular matrix disorganization that results in wrinkled skin, osteoporosis and elevated TGF-β signaling. In this study, we investigated the role of TGF-β-signaling, oxidative stress, and resulting cellular senescence in the osteoporosis phenotype of GO. Treatment of GorabPrx1 conditional knockouts with the TGF-β neutralizing antibody 1D11 rescued the trabecular bone loss, indicating that TGF-β overactivation causes osteoporosis in GO. Using an inducible knockout system, we demonstrated that TGF-β dysregulation was not a cell-intrinsic effect of GORAB inactivation, but a consequence of a disorganized extracellular matrix. Enhanced TGF-β signaling caused elevated Nox4 expression in GorabPrx1 mutants and in GO patients' fibroblasts, resulting in overproduction of mitochondrial superoxide. The resulting oxidative stress was detected in GORAB null cells and also in wildtype bystander cells. The same effect was observed in zebrafish after TALEN-mediated gorab inactivation, indicating that the pathway is evolutionarily conserved. Treating GorabPrx1 mutants with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine ameliorated the osteoporosis phenotype. TGF-β induced oxidative stress coincided with accumulation of DNA damage and elevated expression of senescence markers. Inactivation of Cdkn2a in the GorabPrx1 rescued the osteoporosis phenotype. Reduced colony formation and altered subpopulations of bone marrow stromal cells were normalized upon inactivation of Cdkn2a, thus further demonstrating the relevance of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis. Our results shed light on the causative role of a TGF-β-Nox4-senescence axis and therapeutic strategies for GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Chan
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik Und Humangenetik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute of Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C H Bucher
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute of Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Goldes
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik Und Humangenetik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A C Ma
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - M Steiner
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik Und Humangenetik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B M Willie
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Mundlos
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik Und Humangenetik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik, FG Development & Disease, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Kornak
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik Und Humangenetik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Milara J, Ribera P, Marín S, Montero P, Roger I, Cortijo J. Phosphodiesterase 4 is overexpressed in keloid epidermal scars and its inhibition reduces keratinocyte fibrotic alterations. Mol Med 2024; 30:134. [PMID: 39223490 PMCID: PMC11370283 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal remodeling and hypertrophy are hallmarks of skin fibrotic disorders, and keratinocyte to mesenchymal (EMT)-like transformations drive epidermis alteration in skin fibrosis such as keloids and hypertrophic scars (HTS). While phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors have shown effectiveness in various fibrotic disorders, their role in skin fibrosis is not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the specific role of PDE4B in epidermal remodeling and hypertrophy seen in skin fibrosis. METHODS In vitro experiments examined the effects of inhibiting PDE4A-D (with Roflumilast) or PDE4B (with siRNA) on TGFβ1-induced EMT differentiation and dedifferentiation in human 3D epidermis. In vivo studies investigated the impact of PDE4 inhibition on HOCl-induced skin fibrosis and epidermal hypertrophy in mice, employing both preventive and therapeutic approaches. RESULTS The study found increased levels of PDE4B (mRNA, protein) in keloids > HTS compared to healthy epidermis, as well as in TGFβ-stimulated 3D epidermis. Keloids and HTS epidermis exhibited elevated levels of collagen Iα1, fibronectin, αSMA, N-cadherin, and NOX4 mRNA, along with decreased levels of E-cadherin and ZO-1, confirming an EMT process. Inhibition of both PDE4A-D and PDE4B prevented TGFβ1-induced Smad3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation and mesenchymal differentiation in vitro. PDE4A-D inhibition also promoted mesenchymal dedifferentiation and reduced TGFβ1-induced ROS and keratinocyte senescence by rescuing PPM1A, a Smad3 phosphatase. In vivo, PDE4 inhibition mitigated HOCl-induced epidermal hypertrophy in mice in both preventive and therapeutic settings. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the study supports the potential of PDE4 inhibitors, particularly PDE4B, in treating skin fibrosis, including keloids and HTS, shedding light on their functional role in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Milara
- CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
- Pharmacy unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pilar Ribera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - Severiano Marín
- Plastic Surgery Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, 46014, Spain
| | - Paula Montero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia, 46010, Spain
- Faculty of health sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inés Roger
- CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia, 46010, Spain
- Faculty of health sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia, 46010, Spain
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Ma L, Yu J, Fu Y, He X, Ge S, Jia R, Zhuang A, Yang Z, Fan X. The dual role of cellular senescence in human tumor progression and therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e695. [PMID: 39161800 PMCID: PMC11331035 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence, one of the hallmarks of cancer, is characterized by cell cycle arrest and the loss of most normal cellular functions while acquiring a hypersecretory, proinflammatory phenotype. The function of senescent cells in cancer cells varies depending on the cellular conditions. Before the occurrence of cancer, senescent cells act as a barrier to prevent its development. But once cancer has occurred, senescent cells play a procancer role. However, few of the current studies have adequately explained the diversity of cellular senescence across cancers. Herein, we concluded the latest intrinsic mechanisms of cellular senescence in detail and emphasized the senescence-associated secretory phenotype as a key contributor to heterogeneity of senescent cells in tumor. We also discussed five kinds of inducers of cellular senescence and the advancement of senolytics in cancer, which are drugs that tend to clear senescent cells. Finally, we summarized the various effects of senescent cells in different cancers and manifested that their functions may be diametrically opposed under different circumstances. In short, this paper contributes to the understanding of the diversity of cellular senescence in cancers and provides novel insight for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Yidian Fu
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Ai Zhuang
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of OphthalmologyNinth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghaiChina
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Robert M, Kennedy BK, Crasta KC. Therapy-induced senescence through the redox lens. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103228. [PMID: 38865902 PMCID: PMC11215421 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapy-induced senescent tumor cells have emerged as significant drivers of tumor recurrence and disease relapse. Interestingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and its associated redox signaling networks are intertwined with initiation and establishment of therapy-induced senescence. Therapy-induced senescent cells influence neighboring cells and the tumor microenvironment via their bioactive secretome known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The intracellular effects of ROS are dose and context-dependent. Under normal physiological conditions, ROS is involved in various signalling pathways and cellular processes important for maintenance of cellular homeostasis, such as redox balance, stress response, inflammatory signalling, cell proliferation and cell death among others. However excess ROS accompanied by a pro-oxidant microenvironment can engender oxidative DNA damage, triggering cellular senescence. In this review, we discuss the role of ROS and the redox state dynamics in fine-tuning homeostatic processes that drive therapy-induced cell fate towards senescence establishment, as well as their influence in stimulating inflammatory signalling and SASP production. We also offer insights into interventional strategies, specifically senotherapeutics, that could potentially leverage on modulation of redox and antioxidant pathways. Lastly, we evaluate possible implications of redox rewiring during escape from therapy-induced senescence, an emerging area of research. We envision that examining therapy-induced senescence through the redox lens, integrated with time-resolved single-cell RNA sequencing combined with spatiotemporal multi-omics, could further enhance our understanding of its functional heterogeneity. This could aid identification of targetable signalling nodes to reduce disease relapse, as well as inform strategies for development of broad-spectrum senotherapeutics. Overall, our review aims to delineate redox-driven mechanisms which contribute to the biology of therapy-induced senescence and beyond, while highlighting implications for tumor initiation and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matius Robert
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Karen C Crasta
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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6
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Liu Y, Lomeli I, Kron SJ. Therapy-Induced Cellular Senescence: Potentiating Tumor Elimination or Driving Cancer Resistance and Recurrence? Cells 2024; 13:1281. [PMID: 39120312 PMCID: PMC11312217 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence has been increasingly recognized as a hallmark of cancer, reflecting its association with aging and inflammation, its role as a response to deregulated proliferation and oncogenic stress, and its induction by cancer therapies. While therapy-induced senescence (TIS) has been linked to resistance, recurrence, metastasis, and normal tissue toxicity, TIS also has the potential to enhance therapy response and stimulate anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we examine the Jekyll and Hyde nature of senescent cells (SnCs), focusing on how their persistence while expressing the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) modulates the tumor microenvironment through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Through the SASP, SnCs can mediate both resistance and response to cancer therapies. To fulfill the unmet potential of cancer immunotherapy, we consider how SnCs may influence tumor inflammation and serve as an antigen source to potentiate anti-tumor immune response. This new perspective suggests treatment approaches based on TIS to enhance immune checkpoint blockade. Finally, we describe strategies for mitigating the detrimental effects of senescence, such as modulating the SASP or targeting SnC persistence, which may enhance the overall benefits of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen J. Kron
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Zhang F, Guo J, Yu S, Zheng Y, Duan M, Zhao L, Wang Y, Yang Z, Jiang X. Cellular senescence and metabolic reprogramming: Unraveling the intricate crosstalk in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 38997794 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic oncogenic mechanisms and properties of the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been extensively investigated. Primary features of the TME include metabolic reprogramming, hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and tumor immunosuppression. Previous studies suggest that senescence-associated secretory phenotypes that mediate intercellular information exchange play a role in the dynamic evolution of the TME. Specifically, hypoxic adaptation, metabolic dysregulation, and phenotypic shifts in immune cells regulated by cellular senescence synergistically contribute to the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment and chronic inflammation, thereby promoting the progression of tumor events. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the processes by which cellular senescence regulates the dynamic evolution of the tumor-adapted TME, with focus on the complex mechanisms underlying the relationship between senescence and changes in the biological functions of tumor cells. The available findings suggest that components of the TME collectively contribute to the progression of tumor events. The potential applications and challenges of targeted cellular senescence-based and combination therapies in clinical settings are further discussed within the context of advancing cellular senescence-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Junchen Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Shengmiao Yu
- Outpatient Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Youwei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
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Saito Y, Yamamoto S, Chikenji TS. Role of cellular senescence in inflammation and regeneration. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:28. [PMID: 38831382 PMCID: PMC11145896 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the state in which cells undergo irreversible cell cycle arrest and acquire diverse phenotypes. It has been linked to chronic inflammation and fibrosis in various organs as well as to individual aging. Therefore, eliminating senescent cells has emerged as a potential target for extending healthy lifespans. Cellular senescence plays a beneficial role in many biological processes, including embryonic development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration, which is mediated by the activation of stem cells. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of cellular senescence, including both its beneficial and detrimental effects, is critical for developing safe and effective treatment strategies to target senescent cells. This review provides an overview of the biological and pathological roles of cellular senescence, with a particular focus on its beneficial or detrimental functions among its various roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Saito
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Sena Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takako S Chikenji
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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Liang X, Zhou J, Li C, Wang H, Wan Y, Ling C, Pu L, Zhang W, Fan M, Hong J, Zhai Z. The roles and mechanisms of TGFB1 in acute myeloid leukemia chemoresistance. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111027. [PMID: 38171389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients usually have very poor prognoses, and drug-resistance is one of the major limiting factors. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGFB1) in AML drug-resistance. First, TGFB1 levels in serum and bone marrow are higher in R/R patients compared with newly diagnosed patients, this phenomenon could be due to different sources of secreted TGFB1 according to immunohistochemistry of marrow biopsies. Similarly, TGFB1 expression in AML drug-resistant cell lines is higher than that in their parental cell lines, and blocking the TGFB signaling pathway by specific inhibitors decreased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. On the other hand, exogenous TGFB1 can also promote AML parental cells senescence and chemotherapy resistance. Next, we found SOX4 level is upregulated in drug-resistant cells, and parental cells treated with exogenous TGFB1 induced upregulation of SOX4 levels. Interference of SOX4 expression by siRNA diminished the TGFB1-induced sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, we conduct metabolomic analysis and find Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathway, and Glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway are decreased after inhibiting TGFB signaling pathway or interfering SOX4 expression. This study concludes that TGFB1 level in R/R AML patients and drug-resistant strains is significantly increased. Blocking the TGFB signaling pathway can enhance the chemosensitivity of drug-resistant cells by suppressing SOX4 expression and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, School of Public Health, Hefei, Anhui, China; School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cong Li
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Wan
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chun Ling
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lianfang Pu
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhang
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengmeng Fan
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingfang Hong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, School of Public Health, Hefei, Anhui, China; School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Hematologic Department/Hematologic Disease Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Kazaleh M, Gioscia-Ryan R, Ailawadi G, Salmon M. Oxidative Stress and the Pathogenesis of Aortic Aneurysms. Biomedicines 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 38275364 PMCID: PMC10813769 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Despite their clinical significance, there remain critical knowledge gaps in the pathogenesis of aneurysm disease and the mechanisms involved in aortic rupture. Recent studies have drawn attention to the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their down-stream effectors in chronic cardiovascular diseases and specifically in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm formation. This review will discuss current mechanisms of ROS in mediating aortic aneurysms, the failure of endogenous antioxidant systems in chronic vascular diseases, and their relation to the development of aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kazaleh
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.K.); (G.A.)
| | - Rachel Gioscia-Ryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.K.); (G.A.)
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Morgan Salmon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.K.); (G.A.)
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Chen Y, Zhen Z, Chen L, Wang H, Wang X, Sun X, Song Z, Wang H, Lin Y, Zhang W, Wu G, Jiang Y, Mao Z. Androgen signaling stabilizes genomes to counteract senescence by promoting XRCC4 transcription. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56984. [PMID: 37955230 PMCID: PMC10702805 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202356984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a decreased DNA repair capacity, which might contribute to age-associated functional decline in multiple tissues. Disruption in hormone signaling, associated with reproductive organ dysfunction, is an early event of age-related tissue degeneration, but whether it impacts DNA repair in nonreproductive organs remains elusive. Using skin fibroblasts derived from healthy donors with a broad age range, we show here that the downregulation of expression of XRCC4, a factor involved in nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair, which is the dominant pathway to repair somatic double-strand breaks, is mediated through transcriptional mechanisms. We show that the androgen receptor (AR), whose expression is also reduced during aging, directly binds to and enhances the activity of the XRCC4 promoter, facilitating XRCC4 transcription and thus stabilizing the genome. We also demonstrate that dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a powerful AR agonist, restores XRCC4 expression and stabilizes the genome in different models of cellular aging. Moreover, DHT treatment reverses senescence-associated phenotypes, opening a potential avenue to aging interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhengyi Zhen
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lingjiang Chen
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Wang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoxiang Sun
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yizi Lin
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Plastic SurgeryChangzheng HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Guizhu Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalShanghai Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Jiang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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12
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Schwartz RE, Conboy IM. Non-Intrinsic, Systemic Mechanisms of Cellular Senescence. Cells 2023; 12:2769. [PMID: 38132089 PMCID: PMC10741531 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is believed to contribute to aging and disease through the activity of secreted factors that promote inflammation, remodel the extracellular matrix, and adversely modify the behavior of non-senescent cells. While the markers and properties of senescent cells are still under investigation, it is postulated that cellular senescence manifests in vivo as the consequence of cellular damage that accumulates and becomes exacerbated with time. Yet, the notions that senescence has a solely intrinsic and time-dependent nature are questioned by the rapid induction of senescence in young mice and young cells in vitro by exposure to blood from aged animals. Here, we review some of the research on the systemically present factors that increase with age and may contribute to extrinsically induced senescence or "bystander senescence". These include proteins, reactive oxygen species, lipids, and nucleic acids, which may be present in individual soluble form, in vesicles, and in non-membranous multi-component macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina M. Conboy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
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13
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Siani A, Infante-Teixeira L, d'Arcy R, Roberts IV, El Mohtadi F, Donno R, Tirelli N. Polysulfide nanoparticles inhibit fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition via extracellular ROS scavenging and have potential anti-fibrotic properties. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213537. [PMID: 37406516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper is about the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) - and of their nanoparticle-mediated extracellular removal - in the TGF-β1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts (human dermal fibroblasts - HDFa) to more contractile myofibroblasts, and in the maintenance of this phenotype. Here, poly(propylene sulfide) (PPS) nanoparticles have been employed on 2D and 3D in vitro models, showing extremely low toxicity and undergoing negligible internalization, thereby ensuring an extracellular-only action. Firstly, PPS nanoparticles abrogated ROS-mediated downstream molecular events such as glutathione oxidation, NF-κB activation, and heme oxidase-1 (HMOX) overexpression. Secondly, PPS nanoparticles were also capable to inhibit, prevent and reverse the TGF-β1-induced upregulation of key biomechanical elements, such as ED-a fibronectin (EF-A FN) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), respectively markers of protomyofibroblastic and of myofibroblastic differentiation. We also confirmed that ROS alone are ineffective promoters of the myofibroblastic transition, although their presence contributes to its stabilization. Finally, the particles also countered TGF-β1-induced matrix- and tissue-level phenomena, e.g., the upregulation of collagen type 1, the development of aberrant collagen type 1/3 ratios and the contracture of HDFa 3D-seeded fibrin constructs. In short, experimental data at molecular, cellular and tissue levels show a significant potential in the use of PPS nanoparticles as anti-fibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Siani
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Lorena Infante-Teixeira
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Richard d'Arcy
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Iwan V Roberts
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Farah El Mohtadi
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Roberto Donno
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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14
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Javali PS, Sekar M, Kumar A, Thirumurugan K. Dynamics of redox signaling in aging via autophagy, inflammation, and senescence. Biogerontology 2023; 24:663-678. [PMID: 37195483 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Review paper attempts to explain the dynamic aspects of redox signaling in aging through autophagy, inflammation, and senescence. It begins with ROS source in the cell, then states redox signaling in autophagy, and regulation of autophagy in aging. Next, we discuss inflammation and redox signaling with various pathways involved: NOX pathway, ROS production via TNF-α, IL-1β, xanthine oxidase pathway, COX pathway, and myeloperoxidase pathway. Also, we emphasize oxidative damage as an aging marker and the contribution of pathophysiological factors to aging. In senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, we link ROS with senescence, aging disorders. Relevant crosstalk between autophagy, inflammation, and senescence using a balanced ROS level might reduce age-related disorders. Transducing the context-dependent signal communication among these three processes at high spatiotemporal resolution demands other tools like multi-omics aging biomarkers, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. The bewildering advancement of technology in the above areas might progress age-related disorders diagnostics with precision and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth S Javali
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Mouliganesh Sekar
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kavitha Thirumurugan
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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15
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Ciszewski WM, Wozniak LA, Sobierajska K. SARS-CoV-2 S and N protein peptides drive invasion abilities of colon cancer cells through TGF-β1 regulation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119541. [PMID: 37468071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the delay of colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis, which causes CRC to be treated at more advanced, often metastatic stages. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for metastatic CRC stages, which are considered the leading cause of patients' death. The mortality induced by SARS-CoV-2 is significantly higher in cancer patients than in patients with other diseases. Interestingly, COVID-19 patients often develop fibrosis which depends on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) - the process also involved in cancer progression. The study aimed to verify whether SARS-CoV-2 induces EMT and consequently increases the invasion potential of colon cancer cells. CRC cells were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 S and N protein peptides and epithelial and mesenchymal markers were analysed with Western blotting to detect the occurrence of the EMT. The migration, invasion assays and MMP-7 secretion were employed to evaluate the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to stimulate the cells invasion in vitro. ELISA assay, TGF-β1 neutralizing antibodies, TGF-βR silencing and inhibitors were used to investigate the role of the TGF-β1 signalling pathways in the SARS-CoV-2-dependent CRC stimulation. The SARS-CoV-2 induced EMT, which increased the invasion ability of CRC cells. Moreover, the SARS-CoV-2 proteins drive colon cancer cell invasion through TGF-β1. Additionally, secreted TGF-β1 induced a bystander effect in colon cancer cells. However, blocking TGF-β1/Smad- and -non-Smad-dependent pathways suppressed the SARS-CoV-2-induced invasiveness of CRC. In conclusion, we revealed that SARS-CoV-2 stimulates the invasion abilities of CRC by regulating TGF-β1-induced EMT. Our results provide a theoretical basis for using anti-TGF-β1 therapy to reduce the risk of CRC metastasis during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech M Ciszewski
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Lucyna A Wozniak
- Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sobierajska
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
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16
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D'Ambrosio M, Gil J. Reshaping of the tumor microenvironment by cellular senescence: An opportunity for senotherapies. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1007-1021. [PMID: 37339603 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response associated with aging and disease, including cancer. Senescent cells undergo a stable cell cycle arrest, undergo a change in morphology and metabolic reprogramming, and produce a bioactive secretome termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In cancer, senescence is an important barrier to tumor progression. Induction of senescence in preneoplastic cells limits cancer initiation, and many cancer therapies act in part by inducing senescence in cancer cells. Paradoxically, senescent cells lingering in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can contribute to tumor progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance. In this review, we discuss the different types of senescent cells present in the TME and how these senescent cells and their SASP reshape the TME, affect immune responses, and influence cancer progression. Furthermore, we will highlight the importance of senotherapies, including senolytic drugs that eliminate senescent cells and impede tumor progression and metastasis by restoring anti-tumor immune responses and influencing the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariantonietta D'Ambrosio
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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17
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Wang H, Ramshekar A, Cung T, Wallace-Carrete C, Zaugg C, Nguyen J, Stoddard GJ, Hartnett ME. 7-Ketocholesterol Promotes Retinal Pigment Epithelium Senescence and Fibrosis of Choroidal Neovascularization via IQGAP1 Phosphorylation-Dependent Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10276. [PMID: 37373423 PMCID: PMC10299509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of 7-ketocholesterol (7KC) occurs in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and was found previously to promote fibrosis, an untreatable cause of vision loss, partly through induction of endothelial-mesenchymal transition. To address the hypothesis that 7KC causes mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), we exposed human primary RPE (hRPE) to 7KC or a control. 7KC-treated hRPE did not manifest increased mesenchymal markers, but instead maintained RPE-specific proteins and exhibited signs of senescence with increased serine phosphorylation of histone H3, serine/threonine phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), p16 and p21, β-galactosidase labeling, and reduced LaminB1, suggesting senescence. The cells also developed senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) determined by increased IL-1β, IL-6, and VEGF through mTOR-mediated NF-κB signaling, and reduced barrier integrity that was restored by the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin. 7KC-induced p21, VEGF, and IL-1β were inhibited by an inhibitor of protein kinase C. The kinase regulates IQGAP1 serine phosphorylation. Furthermore, after 7KC injection and laser-induced injury, mice with an IQGAP1 serine 1441-point mutation had significantly reduced fibrosis compared to littermate control mice. Our results provide evidence that age-related accumulation of 7KC in drusen mediates senescence and SASP in RPE, and IQGAP1 serine phosphorylation is important in causing fibrosis in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Aniket Ramshekar
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Thaonhi Cung
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Chris Wallace-Carrete
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Chandler Zaugg
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Jasmine Nguyen
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
| | - Gregory J. Stoddard
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
| | - M. Elizabeth Hartnett
- John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (H.W.); (A.R.); (T.C.); (C.W.-C.); (C.Z.); (J.N.)
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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18
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Xu J, Shao T, Lou J, Zhang J, Xia C. Aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172920. [PMID: 37214476 PMCID: PMC10196014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) refers to the aging and degenerative diseases of intervertebral disc components such as nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate, and is the main cause of chronic low back pain. Over the past few years, many researchers around the world concerned that the degeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells plays the main role in IVDD. The degeneration of NP cells is caused by a series of pathological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, abnormal proliferation, and autophagy. Interestingly, many studies have found a close relationship between the senescence of NP cells and the progression of NP degeneration. The classical aging pathways also have been confirmed to be involved in the pathological process of IVDD. Moreover, several anti-aging drugs have been used to treat IVDD by inhibiting NP cells senescence, such as proanthocyanidins, resveratrol and bone morphogenetic protein 2. Therefore, this article will systematically list and discuss aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of IVDD, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of IVDD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongnan Xu
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Shao
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Lou
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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19
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El Maï M, Bird M, Allouche A, Targen S, Şerifoğlu N, Lopes-Bastos B, Guigonis JM, Kang D, Pourcher T, Yue JX, Ferreira MG. Gut-specific telomerase expression counteracts systemic aging in telomerase-deficient zebrafish. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:567-584. [PMID: 37142828 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Telomere shortening is a hallmark of aging and is counteracted by telomerase. As in humans, the zebrafish gut is one of the organs with the fastest rate of telomere decline, triggering early tissue dysfunction during normal zebrafish aging and in prematurely aged telomerase mutants. However, whether telomere-dependent aging of an individual organ, the gut, causes systemic aging is unknown. Here we show that tissue-specific telomerase expression in the gut can prevent telomere shortening and rescues premature aging of tert-/-. Induction of telomerase rescues gut senescence and low cell proliferation, while restoring tissue integrity, inflammation and age-dependent microbiota dysbiosis. Averting gut aging causes systemic beneficial impacts, rescuing aging of distant organs such as reproductive and hematopoietic systems. Conclusively, we show that gut-specific telomerase expression extends the lifespan of tert-/- by 40%, while ameliorating natural aging. Our work demonstrates that gut-specific rescue of telomerase expression leading to telomere elongation is sufficient to systemically counteract aging in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir El Maï
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Malia Bird
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Asma Allouche
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Seniye Targen
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Naz Şerifoğlu
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Bruno Lopes-Bastos
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Marie Guigonis
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Da Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Thierry Pourcher
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jia-Xing Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miguel Godinho Ferreira
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
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20
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Mikyskova R, Sapeg O, Psotka M, Novotny O, Hodny Z, Balintova S, Malinak D, Svobodova J, Andrys R, Rysanek D, Musilek K, Reinis M. STAT3 inhibitor Stattic and its analogues inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation and modulate cytokine secretion in senescent tumour cells. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:81. [PMID: 36825563 PMCID: PMC10018236 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling serves an important role in carcinogenesis and cellular senescence, and its inhibition in tumour cells represents an attractive therapeutic target. Premature cellular senescence, a process of permanent proliferative arrest of cells in response to various inducers, such as cytostatic drugs or ionizing radiation, is accompanied by morphological and secretory changes, and by altered susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents, which can thereby complicate their eradication by cancer therapies. In the present study, the responsiveness of proliferating and docetaxel (DTX)‑induced senescent cancer cells to small molecule STAT3 inhibitor Stattic and its analogues was evaluated using tumour cell lines. These agents displayed cytotoxic effects in cell viability assays on both proliferating and senescent murine TRAMP‑C2 and TC‑1 cells; however, senescent cells were markedly more resistant. Western blot analysis revealed that Stattic and its analogues effectively inhibited constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation in both proliferating and senescent cells. Furthermore, whether the Stattic‑derived inhibitor K1836 could affect senescence induction or modulate the phenotype of senescent cells was evaluated. K1836 treatment demonstrated no effect on senescence induction by DTX. However, the K1836 compound significantly modulated secretion of certain cytokines (interleukin‑6, growth‑regulated oncogene α and monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1). In summary, the present study demonstrated differences between proliferating and senescent tumour cells in terms of their susceptibility to STAT3 inhibitors and demonstrated the ability of the new STAT3 inhibitor K1836 to affect the secretion of essential components of the senescence‑associated secretory phenotype. The present study may be useful for further development of STAT3 inhibitor‑based therapy of cancer or age‑related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Mikyskova
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour Models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Sapeg
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour Models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Psotka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Novotny
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour Models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Hodny
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Balintova
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour Models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Rysanek
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Reinis
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour Models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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21
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Schmitt CA, Tchkonia T, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD, Kirkland JL, Lee S. COVID-19 and cellular senescence. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:251-263. [PMID: 36198912 PMCID: PMC9533263 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The clinical severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely determined by host factors. Recent advances point to cellular senescence, an ageing-related switch in cellular state, as a critical regulator of SARS-CoV-2-evoked hyperinflammation. SARS-CoV-2, like other viruses, can induce senescence and exacerbates the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which is comprised largely of pro-inflammatory, extracellular matrix-degrading, complement-activating and pro-coagulatory factors secreted by senescent cells. These effects are enhanced in elderly individuals who have an increased proportion of pre-existing senescent cells in their tissues. SASP factors can contribute to a 'cytokine storm', tissue-destructive immune cell infiltration, endothelialitis (endotheliitis), fibrosis and microthrombosis. SASP-driven spreading of cellular senescence uncouples tissue injury from direct SARS-CoV-2-inflicted cellular damage in a paracrine fashion and can further amplify the SASP by increasing the burden of senescent cells. Preclinical and early clinical studies indicate that targeted elimination of senescent cells may offer a novel therapeutic opportunity to attenuate clinical deterioration in COVID-19 and improve resilience following infection with SARS-CoV-2 or other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens A Schmitt
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
- Kepler University Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Linz, Austria.
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (German Cancer Consortium), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
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22
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Ye M, Huang X, Wu Q, Liu F. Senescent Stromal Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment: Victims or Accomplices? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071927. [PMID: 37046588 PMCID: PMC10093305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a unique cellular state. Senescent cells enter a non-proliferative phase, and the cell cycle is arrested. However, senescence is essentially an active cellular phenotype, with senescent cells affecting themselves and neighboring cells via autocrine and paracrine patterns. A growing body of research suggests that the dysregulation of senescent stromal cells in the microenvironment is tightly associated with the development of a variety of complex cancers. The role of senescent stromal cells in impacting the cancer cell and tumor microenvironment has also attracted the attention of researchers. In this review, we summarize the generation of senescent stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment and their specific biological functions. By concluding the signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms by which senescent stromal cells promote tumor progression, distant metastasis, immune infiltration, and therapy resistance, this paper suggests that senescent stromal cells may serve as potential targets for drug therapy, thus providing new clues for future related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qianju Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361008, China
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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23
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Tan Y, Zhang C, Li D, Huang J, Liu Z, Chen T, Zou X, Qin B. Bibliometric and visualization analysis of global research trends on immunosenescence (1970-2021). Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112089. [PMID: 36646295 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosenescence, the aging of the immune system, leads to a decline in the body's adaptability to the environment and plays an important role in various diseases. Immunosenescence has been widely studied in recent years. However, to date, no relevant bibliometric analyses have been conducted. This study aimed to analyze the foundation and frontiers of immunosenescence research through bibliometric analysis. METHODS Articles and reviews on immunosenescence from 1970 to 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. Countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords were analyzed and visualized using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. The R language and Microsoft Excel 365 were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS In total, 3763 publications were included in the study. The global literature on immunosenescence research has increased from 1970 to 2021. The United States was the most productive country with 1409 papers and the highest H-index. Italy had the highest average number of citations per article (58.50). Among the top 10 institutions, 50 % were in the United States. The University of California was the most productive institution, with 159 articles. Kroemer G, Franceschi C, Goronzy JJ, Solana R, and Fulop T were among the top 10 most productive and co-cited authors. Experimental Gerontology (n = 170) published the most papers on immunosenescence. The analysis of keywords found that current research focuses on "inflammaging", "gut microbiota", "cellular senescence", and "COVID-19". CONCLUSIONS Immunosenescence research has increased over the years, and future cooperation and interaction between countries and institutions must be expanded. The connection between inflammaging, gut microbiota, age-related diseases, and immunosenescence is a current research priority. Individualized treatment of immunosenescence, reducing its negative effects, and promoting healthy longevity will become an emerging research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tan
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanhe Zhang
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Deshuang Li
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianguo Huang
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziling Liu
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Medical Department, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuyan Zou
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, China.
| | - Bo Qin
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Aier Ophthalmic Technology Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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24
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Long-term platinum-based drug accumulation in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes colorectal cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:746. [PMID: 36765091 PMCID: PMC9918738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial proportion of cancer patients do not benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) due to the emergence of drug resistance. Here, we apply elemental imaging to the mapping of CT biodistribution after therapy in residual colorectal cancer and achieve a comprehensive analysis of the genetic program induced by oxaliplatin-based CT in the tumor microenvironment. We show that oxaliplatin is largely retained by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) long time after the treatment ceased. We determine that CT accumulation in CAFs intensifies TGF-beta activity, leading to the production of multiple factors enhancing cancer aggressiveness. We establish periostin as a stromal marker of chemotherapeutic activity intrinsically upregulated in consensus molecular subtype 4 (CMS4) tumors and highly expressed before and/or after treatment in patients unresponsive to therapy. Collectively, our study underscores the ability of CT-retaining CAFs to support cancer progression and resistance to treatment.
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25
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Wu T, Wu Y, Jiang D, Sun W, Zou M, Vasamsetti SB, Dutta P, Leers SA, Di W, Li G. SATB2, coordinated with CUX1, regulates IL-1β-induced senescence-like phenotype in endothelial cells by fine-tuning the atherosclerosis-associated p16 INK4a expression. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13765. [PMID: 36633253 PMCID: PMC9924951 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have validated a strong association of atherosclerosis with the CDKN2A/B locus, a locus harboring three tumor suppressor genes: p14ARF , p15INK4b , and p16INK4a . Post-GWAS functional analysis reveals that CUX is a transcriptional activator of p16INK4a via its specific binding to a functional SNP (fSNP) rs1537371 on the atherosclerosis-associated CDKN2A/B locus, regulating endothelial senescence. In this work, we characterize SATB2, another transcription factor that specifically binds to rs1537371. We demonstrate that even though both CUX1 and SATB2 are the homeodomain transcription factors, unlike CUX1, SATB2 is a transcriptional suppressor of p16INK4a and overexpression of SATB2 competes with CUX1 for its binding to rs1537371, which inhibits p16INK4a and p16INK4a -dependent cellular senescence in human endothelial cells (ECs). Surprisingly, we discovered that SATB2 expression is transcriptionally repressed by CUX1. Therefore, upregulation of CUX1 inhibits SATB2 expression, which enhances the binding of CUX1 to rs1537371 and subsequently fine-tunes p16INK4a expression. Remarkably, we also demonstrate that IL-1β, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) gene itself and a biomarker for atherosclerosis, induces cellular senescence also by upregulating CUX1 and/or downregulating SATB2 in human ECs. A model is proposed to reconcile our findings showing how both primary and secondary senescence are activated via the atherosclerosis-associated p16INK4a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Aging InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Aging InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Danli Jiang
- Aging InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPennsylvaniaPittsburghUSA
| | - Meijuan Zou
- Aging InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sathish Babu Vasamsetti
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPennsylvaniaPittsburghUSA
| | - Partha Dutta
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPennsylvaniaPittsburghUSA
| | - Steven A. Leers
- UPMC Vascular LaboratoriesUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Wu Di
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Gang Li
- Aging InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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26
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Sekelova T, Danisovic L, Cehakova M. Rejuvenation of Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Prevent Age-Related Changes in Synovial Joints. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231200065. [PMID: 37766590 PMCID: PMC10540599 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal/medicinal stem/signaling cells (MSCs), well known for regenerative potential, have been involved in hundreds of clinical trials. Even if equipped with reparative properties, aging significantly decreases their biological activity, representing a major challenge for MSC-based therapies. Age-related joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis, are associated with the accumulation of senescent cells, including synovial MSCs. An impaired ability of MSCs to self-renew and differentiate is one of the main contributors to the human aging process. Moreover, senescent MSCs (sMSCs) are characterized by the senescence-messaging secretome (SMS), which is typically manifested by the release of molecules with an adverse effect. Many factors, from genetic and metabolic pathways to environmental stressors, participate in the regulation of the senescent phenotype of MSCs. To better understand cellular senescence in MSCs, this review discusses the characteristics of sMSCs, their role in cartilage and synovial joint aging, and current rejuvenation approaches to delay/reverse age-related pathological changes, providing evidence from in vivo experiments as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Sekelova
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Cehakova
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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27
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Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Kofler B, Herzog C. Dietary restriction in senolysis and prevention and treatment of disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5242-5268. [PMID: 36484738 PMCID: PMC7616065 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2153355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging represents a key risk factor for a plethora of diseases. Targeting detrimental processes which occur during aging, especially before onset of age-related disease, could provide drastic improvements in healthspan. There is increasing evidence that dietary restriction (DR), including caloric restriction, fasting, or fasting-mimicking diets, extend both lifespan and healthspan. This has sparked interest in the use of dietary regimens as a non-pharmacological means to slow aging and prevent disease. Here, we review the current evidence on the molecular mechanisms underlying DR-induced health improvements, including removal of senescent cells, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabollism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- European Translational Oncology Prevention and Screening Institute, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Institute for Biomedical Ageing, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabollism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Chiara Herzog
- European Translational Oncology Prevention and Screening Institute, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Institute for Biomedical Ageing, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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28
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Saleh T, Khasawneh AI, Himsawi N, Abu-Raideh J, Ejeilat V, Elshazly AM, Gewirtz DA. Senolytic Therapy: A Potential Approach for the Elimination of Oncogene-Induced Senescent HPV-Positive Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15512. [PMID: 36555154 PMCID: PMC9778669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence represents a unique cellular stress response characterized by a stable growth arrest, macromolecular alterations, and wide spectrum changes in gene expression. Classically, senescence is the end-product of progressive telomeric attrition resulting from the repetitive division of somatic cells. In addition, senescent cells accumulate in premalignant lesions, in part, as a product of oncogene hyperactivation, reflecting one element of the tumor suppressive function of senescence. Oncogenic processes that induce senescence include overexpression/hyperactivation of H-Ras, B-Raf, and cyclin E as well as inactivation of PTEN. Oncogenic viruses, such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), have also been shown to induce senescence. High-risk strains of HPV drive the immortalization, and hence transformation, of cervical epithelial cells via several mechanisms, but primarily via deregulation of the cell cycle, and possibly, by facilitating escape from senescence. Despite the wide and successful utilization of HPV vaccines in reducing the incidence of cervical cancer, this measure is not effective in preventing cancer development in individuals already positive for HPV. Accordingly, in this commentary, we focus on the potential contribution of oncogene and HPV-induced senescence (OIS) in cervical cancer. We further consider the potential utility of senolytic agents for the elimination of HPV-harboring senescent cells as a strategy for reducing HPV-driven transformation and the risk of cervical cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Ashraf I. Khasawneh
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Nisreen Himsawi
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Jumana Abu-Raideh
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Vera Ejeilat
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmed M. Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - David A. Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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29
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Cogno N, Bauer R, Durante M. An Agent-Based Model of Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13920. [PMID: 36430398 PMCID: PMC9693125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early- and late-phase radiation-induced lung injuries, namely pneumonitis and lung fibrosis (RILF), severely constrain the maximum dose and irradiated volume in thoracic radiotherapy. As the most radiosensitive targets, epithelial cells respond to radiation either by undergoing apoptosis or switching to a senescent phenotype that triggers the immune system and damages surrounding healthy cells. Unresolved inflammation stimulates mesenchymal cells' proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion, which irreversibly stiffens the alveolar walls and leads to respiratory failure. Although a thorough understanding is lacking, RILF and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis share multiple pathways and would mutually benefit from further insights into disease progression. Furthermore, current normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models rely on clinical experience to set tolerance doses for organs at risk and leave aside mechanistic interpretations of the undergoing processes. To these aims, we implemented a 3D agent-based model (ABM) of an alveolar duct that simulates cell dynamics and substance diffusion following radiation injury. Emphasis was placed on cell repopulation, senescent clearance, and intra/inter-alveolar bystander senescence while tracking ECM deposition. Our ABM successfully replicates early and late fibrotic response patterns reported in the literature along with the ECM sigmoidal dose-response curve. Moreover, surrogate measures of RILF severity via a custom indicator show qualitative agreement with published fibrosis indices. Finally, our ABM provides a fully mechanistic alveolar survival curve highlighting the need to include bystander damage in lung NTCP models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Cogno
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Roman Bauer
- Department of Computer Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Marco Durante
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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30
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Norouzkhani N, Karimi AG, Badami N, Jalalifar E, Mahmoudvand B, Ansari A, Pakrou Sariyarighan N, Alijanzadeh D, Aghakhani S, Shayestehmehr R, Arzaghi M, Sheikh Z, Salami Y, Marabi MH, Abdi A, Deravi N. From kitchen to clinic: Pharmacotherapeutic potential of common spices in Indian cooking in age-related neurological disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:960037. [PMID: 36438833 PMCID: PMC9685814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.960037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is described as an advanced time-related collection of changes that may negatively affect with the risk of several diseases or death. Aging is a main factor of several age-related neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and dementia), stroke, neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, brain tumors, oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Currently available medications for age-related neurological disorders may lead to several side effects, such as headache, diarrhea, nausea, gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, dyskinesia, and hallucinosis. These days, studies on plant efficacy in traditional medicine are being conducted because herbal medicine is affordable, safe, and culturally acceptable and easily accessible. The Indian traditional medicine system called Ayurveda uses several herbs and medicinal plants to treat various disorders including neurological disorders. This review aims to summarize the data on the neuroprotective potential of the following common Indian spices widely used in Ayurveda: cumin (Cuminum cyminum (L.), Apiaceae), black cumin (Nigella sativa (L.), Ranunculaceae), black pepper (Piper nigrum (L.), Piperaceae), curry leaf tree (Murraya koenigii (L.), Spreng Rutaceae), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum (L.), Fabaceae), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Apiaceae), cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton, Zingiberaceae), cloves (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry, Myrtaceae), and coriander (Coriandrum sativum (L.), Apiaceae) in age-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Norouzkhani
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arian Ghannadi Karimi
- Preclinical, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Facility, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Badami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Jalalifar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arina Ansari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Dorsa Alijanzadeh
- Student Research committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Aghakhani
- Student Research Committee, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Shayestehmehr
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Sheikh
- Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yasaman Salami
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hesam Marabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abdi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Niloofar Deravi, ,
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Liu H, Zhao H, Sun Y. Tumor microenvironment and cellular senescence: Understanding therapeutic resistance and harnessing strategies. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:769-781. [PMID: 34799201 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major contributor to cancer malignancy including development of therapeutic resistance, a process mediated in part through intercellular crosstalk. Besides diverse soluble factors responsible for pro-survival pathway activation, immune evasion and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling further promote cancer resistance. Importantly, therapy-induced senescence (TIS) of cells in the TME is frequently observed in anticancer regimens, an off-target effect that can generate profound impacts on disease progression. By conferring the resistance and fueling the repopulation of remaining cancerous cells, TIS is responsible for tumor relapse and distant metastasis in posttreatment stage. This pathological trajectory can be substantially driven by the pro-inflammatory feature of senescent cells, termed as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Targeting strategies to selectively and efficiently remove senescent cells before they exert non-autonomous but largely deleterious effects, are emerging as an effective solution to prevent drug resistance acquired from a treatment-remodeled TME. In this review, we summarize the TME composition and key activities that affect tissue homeostasis and support treatment resistance. Promising opportunities that allow TME-manipulation and senescent cell-targeting (senotherapy) are discussed, with translational pipelines to overcome therapeutic barriers in clinical oncology projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Radonjić T, Dukić M, Jovanović I, Zdravković M, Mandić O, Popadić V, Popović M, Nikolić N, Klašnja S, Divac A, Todorović Z, Branković M. Aging of Liver in Its Different Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13085. [PMID: 36361873 PMCID: PMC9656219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportion of elderly people in the world population is constantly increasing. With age, the risk of numerous chronic diseases and their complications also rises. Research on the subject of cellular senescence date back to the middle of the last century, and today we know that senescent cells have different morphology, metabolism, phenotypes and many other characteristics. Their main feature is the development of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), whose pro-inflammatory components affect tissues and organs, and increases the possibility of age-related diseases. The liver is the main metabolic organ of our body, and the results of previous research indicate that its regenerative capacity is greater and that it ages more slowly compared to other organs. With age, liver cells change under the influence of various stressors and the risk of developing chronic liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increases. It has been proven that these diseases progress faster in the elderly population and in some cases lead to end-stage liver disease that requires transplantation. The treatment of elderly people with chronic liver diseases is a challenge and requires an individual approach as well as new research that will reveal other safe and effective therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Radonjić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Dukić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Jovanović
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Zdravković
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olga Mandić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Višeslav Popadić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Popović
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Novica Nikolić
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Klašnja
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anica Divac
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Todorović
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Branković
- University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Vellasamy DM, Lee SJ, Goh KW, Goh BH, Tang YQ, Ming LC, Yap WH. Targeting Immune Senescence in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13059. [PMID: 36361845 PMCID: PMC9658319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the main underlying causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is associated with chronic inflammation and intimal thickening as well as the involvement of multiple cell types including immune cells. The engagement of innate or adaptive immune response has either athero-protective or atherogenic properties in exacerbating or alleviating atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, the mechanism of action of immune cells, particularly monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and B- and T-lymphocytes have been discussed. Immuno-senescence is associated with aging, viral infections, genetic predispositions, and hyperlipidemia, which contribute to atherosclerosis. Immune senescent cells secrete SASP that delays or accelerates atherosclerosis plaque growth and associated pathologies such as aneurysms and coronary artery disease. Senescent cells undergo cell cycle arrest, morphological changes, and phenotypic changes in terms of their abundances and secretome profile including cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressions. The senescence markers are used in therapeutics and currently, senolytics represent one of the emerging treatments where specific targets and clearance of senescent cells are being considered as therapy targets for the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danusha Michelle Vellasamy
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Jye Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yin-Quan Tang
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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Salma F, Yassire O, Youssef B, Corinne D, Ameziane El Hassani R. Methods for detection of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in senescent cells. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 181:33-41. [PMID: 38302242 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a pathophysiological process with multifaceted effects. It is involved in wound healing, aging and age-related diseases as well as cancer. On the one hand, senescence is considered as barrier against tumorigenesis by inducing an irreversible/prolonged cell cycle arrest. On the other hand, it may promote tumorigenesis when senescent cells accumulate genomic instability and bypass this cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, the bystander effects mediate the propagation of the genetic instability from senescent cells to their environment through the SASP (Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype) including proinflammatory cytokines, proteases, growth factors and Reactive Oxygen Species 'ROS.' From several markers explored to detect senescent cells (β-galactosidase, p16, p21, p53, heterochromatin foci, DNA damage,…), ROS arouse particular interest because of their involvement at the chronic supraphysiological level, in the induction and maintain of DNA damage, inflammation, cell cycle disruption and epigenetic instability. In this context, the choice of methods to detect ROS in senescent cells is of particular interest and must take into account relevant parameters as well as the specificity for each species of ROS and the subcellular localization of ROS production. In this chapter, we introduce senescence and ROS, we briefly discuss the advantages and the shortcomings of methods routinely used to detect ROS. In addition, we describe the protocol to detect ROS at mitochondrial level (using the MitoSOX staining) in the BCPAP cell line (from human papillary thyroid carcinomas) expressing BRAFV600E oncogene known to trigger senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenniche Salma
- BioPatH Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco; Genome Integrity and Cancers, UMR 8200/9019 CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Oubaddou Yassire
- BioPatH Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Bakri Youssef
- BioPatH Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Dupuy Corinne
- Genome Integrity and Cancers, UMR 8200/9019 CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Piskorz WM, Cechowska-Pasko M. Senescence of Tumor Cells in Anticancer Therapy—Beneficial and Detrimental Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911082. [PMID: 36232388 PMCID: PMC9570404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence process results in stable cell cycle arrest, which prevents cell proliferation. It can be induced by a variety of stimuli including metabolic stress, DNA damage, telomeres shortening, and oncogenes activation. Senescence is generally considered as a process of tumor suppression, both by preventing cancer cells proliferation and inhibiting cancer progression. It can also be a key effector mechanism for many types of anticancer therapies such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, both directly and through bioactive molecules released by senescent cells that can stimulate an immune response. Senescence is characterized by a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that can have both beneficial and detrimental impact on cancer progression. Despite the negatives, attempts are still being made to use senescence to fight cancer, especially when it comes to senolytics. There is a possibility that a combination of prosenescence therapy—which targets tumor cells and causes their senescence—with senotherapy—which targets senescent cells, can be promising in cancer treatment. This review provides information on cellular senescence, its connection with carcinogenesis and therapeutic possibilities linked to this process.
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36
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Tian W, Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang J, Ju J, Xu H. Global research trends in atherosclerosis: A bibliometric and visualized study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:956482. [PMID: 36082127 PMCID: PMC9445883 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.956482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing evidence has spurred a considerable evolution of concepts related to atherosclerosis, prompting the need to provide a comprehensive view of the growing literature. By retrieving publications in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) of Clarivate Analytics, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on atherosclerosis to describe the research landscape.MethodsA search was conducted of the WoSCC for articles and reviews serving exclusively as a source of information on atherosclerosis published between 2012 and 2022. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to chart the annual productivity of research relevant to atherosclerosis. Through CiteSpace and VOSviewer, the most prolific countries or regions, authors, journals, and resource-, intellectual-, and knowledge-sharing in atherosclerosis research, as well as co-citation analysis of references and keywords, were analyzed.ResultsA total of 20,014 publications were retrieved. In terms of publications, the United States remains the most productive country (6,390, 31,93%). The most publications have been contributed by Johns Hopkins Univ (730, 3.65%). ALVARO ALONSO produced the most published works (171, 0.85%). With a betweenness centrality of 0.17, ERIN D MICHOS was the most influential author. The most prolific journal was identified as Atherosclerosis (893, 4.46%). Circulation received the most co-citations (14,939, 2.79%). Keywords with the ongoing strong citation bursts were “nucleotide-binding oligomerization (NOD), Leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing protein (NLRP3) inflammasome,” “short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),” “exosome,” and “homeostasis,” etc.ConclusionThe research on atherosclerosis is driven mostly by North America and Europe. Intensive research has focused on the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis, as well as its complications. Specifically, the NLRP3 inflammasome, interleukin-1β, gut microbiota and SCFAs, exosome, long non-coding RNAs, autophagy, and cellular senescence were described to be hot issues in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Tian
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Ju
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianqing Ju,
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hao Xu,
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Pang D, Yu S, Yang X. A mini-review of the role of condensin in human nervous system diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:889796. [PMID: 35992200 PMCID: PMC9386267 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.889796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitosis and meiosis are crucial life activities that transmit eukaryotic genetic information to progeny in a stable and orderly manner. The formation and appearance of chromosomes, which are derived from chromatin, are the preconditions and signs of mitosis. When entering mitosis, interphase loose chromatin is highly spiralized and folded to form compact chromosomes. In recent years, it has been found that in addition to the well-known DNA, histones, and topoisomerase, a large protein complex called condensin plays an important role in the process of chromosome formation. Numerous studies have shown that the abnormal function of condensin can lead to incomplete or excessive concentration of chromatin, as well as disorder of genome organization process, abnormal transmission of genetic information, and ultimately lead to various diseases of individual, especially in nervous system diseases. In this review, the biological function of condensin and the potential pathogenic mechanism of condensin in nervous system diseases are briefly summarized. Therefore, the investigation of these mechanisms makes a significant contribution to the understanding of those related diseases and provides new ideas for clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengping Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Shengping Yu Xuejun Yang
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengping Yu Xuejun Yang
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Shen YY, Zhang RR, Liu QY, Li SY, Yi S. Robust temporal changes of cellular senescence and proliferation after sciatic nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1588-1595. [PMID: 34916445 PMCID: PMC8771116 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.330619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence and proliferation are essential for wound healing and tissue remodeling. However, senescence-proliferation cell fate after peripheral nerve injury has not been clearly revealed. Here, post-injury gene expression patterns in rat sciatic nerve stumps (SRP113121) and L4-5 dorsal root ganglia (SRP200823) obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information were analyzed to decipher cellular senescence and proliferation-associated genetic changes. We first constructed a rat sciatic nerve crush model. Then, β-galactosidase activities were determined to indicate the existence of cellular senescence in the injured sciatic nerve. Ki67 and EdU immunostaining was performed to indicate cellular proliferation in the injured sciatic nerve. Both cellular senescence and proliferation were less vigorous in the dorsal root ganglia than in sciatic nerve stumps. These results reveal the dynamic changes of injury-induced cellular senescence and proliferation from both genetic and morphological aspects, and thus extend our understanding of the biological processes following peripheral nerve injury. The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Nantong University, China (approval No. 20190226-001) on February 26, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ying Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui-Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Iakovou E, Kourti M. A Comprehensive Overview of the Complex Role of Oxidative Stress in Aging, The Contributing Environmental Stressors and Emerging Antioxidant Therapeutic Interventions. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:827900. [PMID: 35769600 PMCID: PMC9234325 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.827900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aging is a normal, inevitable, irreversible, and progressive process which is driven by internal and external factors. Oxidative stress, that is the imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant molecules favoring the first, plays a key role in the pathophysiology of aging and comprises one of the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related diseases. However, the oxidative stress theory of aging has not been successfully proven in all animal models studying lifespan, meaning that altering oxidative stress/antioxidant defense systems did not always lead to a prolonged lifespan, as expected. On the other hand, animal models of age-related pathological phenotypes showed a well-correlated relationship with the levels of prooxidant molecules. Therefore, it seems that oxidative stress plays a more complicated role than the one once believed and this role might be affected by the environment of each organism. Environmental factors such as UV radiation, air pollution, and an unbalanced diet, have also been implicated in the pathophysiology of aging and seem to initiate this process more rapidly and even at younger ages. Aim The purpose of this review is to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in the physiology of aging and the effect of certain environmental factors in initiating and sustaining this process. Understanding the pathophysiology of aging will contribute to the development of strategies to postpone this phenomenon. In addition, recent studies investigating ways to alter the antioxidant defense mechanisms in order to prevent aging will be presented. Conclusions Careful exposure to harmful environmental factors and the use of antioxidant supplements could potentially affect the biological processes driving aging and slow down the development of age-related diseases. Maybe a prolonged lifespan could not be achieved by this strategy alone, but a longer healthspan could also be a favorable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evripides Iakovou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Malamati Kourti
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Angiogenesis and Cancer Drug Discovery Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- *Correspondence: Malamati Kourti
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Kaisrlikova M, Vesela J, Kundrat D, Votavova H, Dostalova Merkerova M, Krejcik Z, Divoky V, Jedlicka M, Fric J, Klema J, Mikulenkova D, Stastna Markova M, Lauermannova M, Mertova J, Soukupova Maaloufova J, Jonasova A, Cermak J, Belickova M. RUNX1 mutations contribute to the progression of MDS due to disruption of antitumor cellular defense: a study on patients with lower-risk MDS. Leukemia 2022; 36:1898-1906. [PMID: 35505182 PMCID: PMC9252911 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS) have a generally favorable prognosis; however, a small proportion of cases progress rapidly. This study aimed to define molecular biomarkers predictive of LR-MDS progression and to uncover cellular pathways contributing to malignant transformation. The mutational landscape was analyzed in 214 LR-MDS patients, and at least one mutation was detected in 137 patients (64%). Mutated RUNX1 was identified as the main molecular predictor of rapid progression by statistics and machine learning. To study the effect of mutated RUNX1 on pathway regulation, the expression profiles of CD34 + cells from LR-MDS patients with RUNX1 mutations were compared to those from patients without RUNX1 mutations. The data suggest that RUNX1-unmutated LR-MDS cells are protected by DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms and cellular senescence as an antitumor cellular barrier, while RUNX1 mutations may be one of the triggers of malignant transformation. Dysregulated DDR and cellular senescence were also observed at the functional level by detecting γH2AX expression and β-galactosidase activity. Notably, the expression profiles of RUNX1-mutated LR-MDS resembled those of higher-risk MDS at diagnosis. This study demonstrates that incorporating molecular data improves LR-MDS risk stratification and that mutated RUNX1 is associated with a suppressed defense against LR-MDS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kaisrlikova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Vesela
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kundrat
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Votavova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zdenek Krejcik
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Divoky
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Jedlicka
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Fric
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Klema
- Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mikulenkova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jolana Mertova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Anna Jonasova
- First Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Cermak
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Belickova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic. .,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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41
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Homann L, Rentschler M, Brenner E, Böhm K, Röcken M, Wieder T. IFN-γ and TNF Induce Senescence and a Distinct Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype in Melanoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091514. [PMID: 35563820 PMCID: PMC9103004 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is a central pillar of melanoma treatment leading to durable response rates. Important mechanisms of action of ICB therapy include disinhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Stimulated CD4+ T helper 1 cells secrete the effector cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), which induce senescence in tumor cells. Besides being growth-arrested, senescent cells are metabolically active and secrete a large spectrum of factors, which are summarized as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This secretome affects the tumor growth. Here, we compared the SASP of cytokine-induced senescent (CIS) cells with the SASP of therapy-induced senescent (TIS) cells. Therefore, we established in vitro models for CIS and TIS in melanoma. The human melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-28 and WM115 were treated with the cytokines IFN-γ and TNF as CIS, the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin, and the cell cycle inhibitor palbociclib as TIS. Then, we determined several senescence markers, i.e., growth arrest, p21 expression, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. For SASP analyses, we measured the regulation and secretion of several common SASP factors using qPCR arrays, protein arrays, and ELISA. Each treatment initiated a stable growth arrest, enhanced SA-β-gal activity, and—except palbociclib—increased the expression of p21. mRNA and protein analyses revealed that gene expression and secretion of SASP factors were severalfold stronger in CIS than in TIS. Finally, we showed that treatment with the conditioned media (CM) derived from cytokine- and palbociclib-treated cells induced senescence characteristics in melanoma cells. Thus, we conclude that senescence induction via cytokines may lead to self-sustaining senescence surveillance of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Homann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (M.R.); (E.B.); (K.B.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (T.W.); Tel.: +49-7071-2986865 (L.H.); +49-7071-2978240 (T.W.)
| | - Maximilian Rentschler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (M.R.); (E.B.); (K.B.); (M.R.)
- Institute of Physiology I, Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Brenner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (M.R.); (E.B.); (K.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Katharina Böhm
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (M.R.); (E.B.); (K.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Martin Röcken
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (M.R.); (E.B.); (K.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Thomas Wieder
- Institute of Physiology I, Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (T.W.); Tel.: +49-7071-2986865 (L.H.); +49-7071-2978240 (T.W.)
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42
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Zhu R, Wan H, Yang H, Song M, Chai Y, Yu B. The Role of Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype in Bone Loss. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:841612. [PMID: 35223858 PMCID: PMC8864518 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.841612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population of most nations have a large proportion of older individuals, there is an increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis. Consequently, scientists have focused their attention on the pathogenic mechanisms of osteoporosis. Owing to an increase in studies on cellular senescence in recent years, research has begun to focus on the function of the senescent microenvironment in osteoporosis. With chronic inflammation, senescent cells in the bone marrow secrete a series of factors known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, acting on their own or surrounding healthy cells and consequently exacerbating ageing.The components of the SASP may differ depending on the cause of osteoporosis. This review aimed to summarize the relationship between SASP factors and osteoporosis and suggest new insights into the mechanistic investigation of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjiu Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyang Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingrui Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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43
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Lehmann J, Narcisi R, Franceschini N, Chatzivasileiou D, Boer CG, Koevoet WJLM, Putavet D, Drabek D, van Haperen R, de Keizer PLJ, van Osch GJVM, Ten Berge D. WNT/beta-catenin signalling interrupts a senescence-induction cascade in human mesenchymal stem cells that restricts their expansion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:82. [PMID: 35048158 PMCID: PMC8770385 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Senescence, the irreversible cell cycle arrest of damaged cells, is accompanied by a deleterious pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescence and the SASP are major factors in aging, cancer, and degenerative diseases, and interfere with the expansion of adult cells in vitro, yet little is known about how to counteract their induction and deleterious effects. Paracrine signals are increasingly recognized as important senescence triggers and understanding their regulation and mode of action may provide novel opportunities to reduce senescence-induced inflammation and improve cell-based therapies. Here, we show that the signalling protein WNT3A counteracts the induction of paracrine senescence in cultured human adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We find that entry into senescence in a small subpopulation of MSCs triggers a secretome that causes a feed-forward signalling cascade that with increasing speed induces healthy cells into senescence. WNT signals interrupt this cascade by repressing cytokines that mediate this induction of senescence. Inhibition of those mediators by interference with NF-κB or interleukin 6 signalling reduced paracrine senescence in absence of WNT3A and promoted the expansion of MSCs. Our work reveals how WNT signals can antagonize senescence and has relevance not only for expansion of adult cells but can also provide new insights into senescence-associated inflammatory and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Lehmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Section Molecular Cancer Research, Division LAB, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Narcisi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Franceschini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danai Chatzivasileiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy G Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy J L M Koevoet
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Putavet
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Section Molecular Cancer Research, Division LAB, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dubravka Drabek
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Harbour Biomed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rien van Haperen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Harbour Biomed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter L J de Keizer
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Section Molecular Cancer Research, Division LAB, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Derk Ten Berge
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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44
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Lorenzo EC, Torrance BL, Keilich SR, Al‐Naggar I, Harrison A, Xu M, Bartley JM, Haynes L. Senescence-induced changes in CD4 T cell differentiation can be alleviated by treatment with senolytics. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13525. [PMID: 34962049 PMCID: PMC8761018 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and senescence impact CD4 T helper cell (Th) subset differentiation during influenza infection. In the lungs of infected aged mice, there were significantly greater percentages of Th cells expressing the transcription factor FoxP3, indicative of regulatory CD4 T cells (Treg), when compared to young. TGF‐beta levels, which drive FoxP3 expression, were also higher in the bronchoalveolar lavage of aged mice and blocking TGF‐beta reduced the percentage of FoxP3+ Th in aged lungs during influenza infection. Since TGF‐beta can be the product of senescent cells, these were targeted by treatment with senolytic drugs. Treatment of aged mice with senolytics prior to influenza infection restored the differentiation of Th cells in those aged mice to a more youthful phenotype with fewer Th cells expressing FoxP3. In addition, treatment with senolytic drugs induced differentiation of aged Th toward a healing Type 2 phenotype, which promotes a return to homeostasis. These results suggest that senescent cells, via production of cytokines such as TGF‐beta, have a significant impact on Th differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica C. Lorenzo
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Blake L. Torrance
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
- Department of Immunology University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Spencer R. Keilich
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
- Department of Immunology University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Iman Al‐Naggar
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Andrew Harrison
- Department of Immunology University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Jenna M. Bartley
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
- Department of Immunology University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
| | - Laura Haynes
- UConn Center on Aging University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
- Department of Immunology University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA
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45
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Sahabi S, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Zarghami N. A new insight into cell biological and biochemical changes through aging. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151841. [PMID: 34995929 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
After several years of extensive research, the main cause of aging is yet elusive. There are some theories about aging, such as stem cell aging, senescent cells accumulation, and neuro-endocrine theories. None of them is able to explain all changes that happen in cells and body through aging. By finding out the main cause of aging, it will be much easier to control, prevent and even reverse the aging process. Our cells, regardless of their replicative capacity, get old through aging and they have almost the same epigenetic age. Different cell signaling pathways contribute to aging. The most important one is mTORC1 that becomes hyperactive in cells that undergo aging. Other significant changes with age are lysosome accumulation, impaired autophagy, and mitophagy. Immune system undergoes gradual changes through aging including a shift from lymphoid to myeloid lineage production as well as increased IL-6 and TNF-α which lead to age-related weight loss and meta-inflammation. Additionally, our endocrine system also experiences some changes that should be taken into consideration when looking for the main cause of aging in the human body. In this review, we planned to summarize some of the changes that happen in cells and the body through aging.
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46
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Russo M, Spagnuolo C, Moccia S, Tedesco I, Lauria F, Russo GL. Biochemical and Cellular Characterization of New Radio-Resistant Cell Lines Reveals a Role of Natural Flavonoids to Bypass Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010301. [PMID: 35008725 PMCID: PMC8745286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide, and, among the most frequent cancer types, osteosarcoma accounts for 56% of bone neoplasms observed in children and colorectal cancer for 10.2% of tumors diagnosed in the adult population. A common and frequent hurdle in cancer treatment is the emergence of resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy whose biological causes are largely unknown. In the present work, human osteosarcoma (SAOS) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell lines were γ-irradiated at doses mimicking the sub-lethal irradiation in clinical settings to obtain two radio-resistant cellular sub-populations named SAOS400 and HT500, respectively. Since “therapy-induced senescence” (TIS) is often associated with tumor response to radiotherapy in cancer cells, we measured specific cellular and biochemical markers of senescence in SAOS400 and HT500 cells. In detail, both cell lines were characterized by a higher level of expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4 and p21CIP1 and increased positivity to SAβ-gal (senescence-associated β-galactosidase) with respect to parental cells. Moreover, the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species in the resistant cells were significantly lower compared to the parental counterparts. Subsequently, we demonstrated that senolytic agents were able to sensitize SAOS400 and HT500 to cell death induced by γ-irradiation. Employing two natural flavonoids, fisetin and quercetin, and a BH3-mimetic, ABT-263/navitoclax, we observed that their association with γ-irradiation significantly reduced the expression of p16INK4, p21CIP1 and synergistically (combination index < 1) increased cell death compared to radiation mono-alone treatments. The present results reinforce the potential role of senolytics as adjuvant agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Russo
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (G.L.R.); Tel.: +39-0825-299-331 (M.R.)
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47
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Ionizing Radiation-Induced Brain Cell Aging and the Potential Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123570. [PMID: 34944078 PMCID: PMC8700624 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Population aging is occurring rapidly worldwide, challenging the global economy and healthcare services. Brain aging is a significant contributor to various age-related neurological and neuropsychological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Several extrinsic factors, such as exposure to ionizing radiation, can accelerate senescence. Multiple human and animal studies have reported that exposure to ionizing radiation can have varied effects on organ aging and lead to the prolongation or shortening of life span depending on the radiation dose or dose rate. This paper reviews the effects of radiation on the aging of different types of brain cells, including neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and cerebral endothelial cells. Further, the relevant molecular mechanisms are discussed. Overall, this review highlights how radiation-induced senescence in different cell types may lead to brain aging, which could result in the development of various neurological and neuropsychological disorders. Therefore, treatment targeting radiation-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation may prevent radiation-induced brain aging and the neurological and neuropsychological disorders it may cause.
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48
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Salovska B, Kondelova A, Pimkova K, Liblova Z, Pribyl M, Fabrik I, Bartek J, Vajrychova M, Hodny Z. Peroxiredoxin 6 protects irradiated cells from oxidative stress and shapes their senescence-associated cytokine landscape. Redox Biol 2021; 49:102212. [PMID: 34923300 PMCID: PMC8688892 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a complex stress response defined as an essentially irreversible cell cycle arrest mediated by the inhibition of cell cycle-specific cyclin dependent kinases. The imbalance in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress have been repeatedly observed as one of the hallmarks of the senescent phenotype. However, a large-scale study investigating protein oxidation and redox signaling in senescent cells in vitro has been lacking. Here we applied a proteome-wide analysis using SILAC-iodoTMT workflow to quantitatively estimate the level of protein sulfhydryl oxidation and proteome level changes in ionizing radiation-induced senescence (IRIS) in hTERT-RPE-1 cells. We observed that senescent cells mobilized the antioxidant system to buffer the increased oxidation stress. Among the antioxidant proteins with increased relative abundance in IRIS, a unique 1-Cys peroxiredoxin family member, peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), was identified as an important contributor to protection against oxidative stress. PRDX6 silencing increased ROS production in senescent cells, decreased their resistance to oxidative stress-induced cell death, and impaired their viability. Subsequent SILAC-iodoTMT and secretome analysis after PRDX6 silencing showed the downregulation of PRDX6 in IRIS affected protein secretory pathways, decreased expression of extracellular matrix proteins, and led to unexpected attenuation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The latter was exemplified by decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 which was also confirmed after treatment with an inhibitor of PRDX6 iPLA2 activity, MJ33. In conclusion, by combining different methodological approaches we discovered a novel role of PRDX6 in senescent cell viability and SASP development. Our results suggest PRDX6 could have a potential as a drug target for senolytic or senomodulatory therapy. SILAC-iodoTMT is a powerful tool to quantify redox imbalance in IRIS. Senescence in hTERT-RPE-1 cells is not accompanied by bulk cysteine oxidation. Antioxidant proteins are upregulated in senescent hTERT-RPE-1 cells. PRDX6 silencing affects redox homeostasis and viability of senescent cells. PRDX6 silencing alters secretome of senescent RPE-1 cells and suppresses IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Salovska
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Kondelova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Pimkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; BIOCEV, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Liblova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Pribyl
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Fabrik
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Genome Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vajrychova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Hodny
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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49
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Roger L, Tomas F, Gire V. Mechanisms and Regulation of Cellular Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313173. [PMID: 34884978 PMCID: PMC8658264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence entails a state of an essentially irreversible proliferative arrest in which cells remain metabolically active and secrete a range of pro-inflammatory and proteolytic factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. There are different types of senescent cells, and senescence can be induced in response to many DNA damage signals. Senescent cells accumulate in different tissues and organs where they have distinct physiological and pathological functions. Despite this diversity, all senescent cells must be able to survive in a nondividing state while protecting themselves from positive feedback loops linked to the constant activation of the DNA damage response. This capacity requires changes in core cellular programs. Understanding how different cell types can undergo extensive changes in their transcriptional programs, metabolism, heterochromatin patterns, and cellular structures to induce a common cellular state is crucial to preventing cancer development/progression and to improving health during aging. In this review, we discuss how senescent cells continuously evolve after their initial proliferative arrest and highlight the unifying features that define the senescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauréline Roger
- Structure and Instability of Genomes Laboratory, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), CNRS-UMR 7196/INSERM U1154, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Fanny Tomas
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Véronique Gire
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-434359513; Fax: +33-(0)-434359410
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50
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Zhang K, Xu L, Cong YS. Telomere Dysfunction in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:739810. [PMID: 34859008 PMCID: PMC8631932 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.739810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an age-dependent progressive and fatal lung disease of unknown etiology, which is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix inside the interstitial layer of the lung parenchyma that leads to abnormal scar architecture and compromised lung function capacity. Recent genetic studies have attributed the pathological genes or genetic mutations associated with familial idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and sporadic IPF to telomere-related components, suggesting that telomere dysfunction is an important determinant of this disease. In this study, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of how telomere dysfunction drives IPF genesis. We highlighted the key role of alveolar stem cell dysfunction caused by telomere shortening or telomere uncapping, which bridged the gap between telomere abnormalities and fibrotic lung pathology. We emphasized that senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, innate immune cell infiltration, and/or inflammation downstream of lung stem cell dysfunction influenced the native microenvironment and local cell signals, including increased transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in the lung, to induce pro-fibrotic conditions. In addition, the failed regeneration of new alveoli due to alveolar stem cell dysfunction might expose lung cells to elevated mechanical tension, which could activate the TGF-β signaling loop to promote the fibrotic process, especially in a periphery-to-center pattern as seen in IPF patients. Understanding the telomere-related molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of IPF would provide new insights into IPF etiology and therapeutic strategies for this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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