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Lee Y, Do Y, Lineman M, Joo GJ, Jo H. Application of citizen science with the nationwide bird census. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10379. [PMID: 38710783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Citizen science (CS) is the most effective tool for overcoming the limitations of government and/or professional data collection. To compensate for quantitative limitations of the 'Winter Waterbird Census of Korea', we conducted a total of four bird monitoring via CS from 2021 to 2022. To use CS data alongside national data, we studied CS data quality and improvement utilizing (1) digit-based analysis using Benford's law and (2) comparative analysis with national data. In addition, we performed bird community analysis using CS-specific data, demonstrating the necessity of CS. Neither CS nor the national data adhered to Benford's law. Alpha diversity (number of species and Shannon index) was lower, and total beta diversity was higher for the CS data than national data. Regarding the observed bird community, the number of species per family was similar; however, the number of individuals per family/species differed. We also identified the necessity of CS by confirming the possibility of predicting bird communities using CS-specific data. CS was influenced by various factors, including the perceptions of the survey participants and their level of experience. Therefore, conducting CS after systematic training can facilitate the collection of higher-quality data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerim Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuno Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Maurice Lineman
- RCF Experimental School, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gea-Jae Joo
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Korea Network for Rivers and Watersheds, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbin Jo
- Department of Pet Health Care, Busan Health University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Bergallo HG, Rosa C, Ochoa AC, Manzatto AG, Guimaraes AF, Banhos A, Castilho CV, Barros CF, Norris D, Drucker DP, Rodrigues DJ, Baccaro FB, Lourenço IH, Zuanon J, Stegmann LF, Anjos MR, Silveira M, Araújo PSG, Bobrowiec PED, Fadini R, Neckel-Oliveira S, Emilio T, Santorelli Junior S, Magnusson WE. Long-term Ecological Research: Chasing fashions or being prepared for fashion changes? AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230051. [PMID: 37878914 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term-ecological-research (LTER) faces many challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining long-term funding, changes in research questions and sampling designs, keeping researchers collecting standardized data for many years, impediments to interactions with local people, and the difficulty of integrating the needs of local decision makers with "big science". These issues result in a lack of universally accepted guidelines as to how research should be done and integrated among LTER sites. Here we discuss how the RAPELD (standardized field infrastructure system), can help deal with these issues as a complementary technique in LTER studies, allowing comparisons across landscapes and ecosystems and reducing sampling costs. RAPELD uses local surveys to understand broad spatial and temporal patterns while enhancing decision-making and training of researchers, local indigenous groups and traditional communities. Sampling of ecological data can be carried out by different researchers through standardized protocols, resulting in spatial data that can be used to answer temporal questions, and allow new questions to be investigated. Results can also be integrated into existing biodiversity networks. Integrated systems are the most efficient way to save resources, maximize results, and accumulate information that can be used in the face of the unknown unknowns upon which our future depends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena G Bergallo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ecologia, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Rosa
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Ana C Ochoa
- Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Departamento de Biología, Ejército de los Andes, 950, Capital, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Angelo Gilberto Manzatto
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Departamento de Biologia, Campus, Rodovia BR 364, Km 9,5, Bairro Rural, 76801-059 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Aretha F Guimaraes
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Aureo Banhos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Carolina V Castilho
- Embrapa Roraima, Rodovia BR 174, Km 8, Caixa Postal 133, 69301-970 Boa Vista, RO, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Barros
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Botânica Estrutural, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Darren Norris
- Universidade Federal do Amapá, Coordenação de Ciências Ambientais, Ramal da UNIFAP, Km 02, 68903-758 Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Debora P Drucker
- Embrapa Agricultura Digital, Av. André Tosello, nº 209, 13083-886 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Domingos J Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Humanas e Sociais, Av. Alexandre Ferronato, 1200, 78550-728 Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Fabricio B Baccaro
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Rodrigo Octavio Gen. Rodrigo Octávio, 6200, 69080-900 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Igor H Lourenço
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Ordenamento Pesqueiro do Vale do Rio Madeira, Rua Vinte e Nove de Agosto, 786, 69800-000 Humaitá, AM, Brazil
| | - Jansen Zuanon
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Lis F Stegmann
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Amazônia Oriental, Tv. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n, 66095-903 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Anjos
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Ordenamento Pesqueiro do Vale do Rio Madeira, Rua Vinte e Nove de Agosto, 786, 69800-000 Humaitá, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcos Silveira
- Universidade Federal do Acre, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, BR 364, Km 4, 69920-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
| | - Patricia S G Araújo
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Paulo E D Bobrowiec
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Fadini
- Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Av. Vera Paz, s/n, 68040-255 Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Selvino Neckel-Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Campus Universitário, s/n, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Thaise Emilio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado (PNPD), Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, P.O. Box 6109, 13083-000 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Santorelli Junior
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente, Rua 29 de Agosto, 786, 69800-000 Humaitá, AM, Brazil
| | - William E Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Bat diversity is driven by elevation and distance to the nearest watercourse in a terra firme forest in the northeastern Brazilian Amazon. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467422000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Variations in environmental conditions along gradients play an important role in species distribution through environmental filtering of morphological and physiological traits; however, their effects on bat diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effect of the distance to the nearest watercourse, terrain elevation, vegetation clutter, basal area and canopy height on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity and on the predominance of some functional traits (body mass, wing morphology and trophic level) of bat assemblages (phyllostomid and mormoopid bats) in a terra firme forest, in the northeastern Brazilian Amazon. We captured bats using mist nets in 15 permanent plots over a 25 km2 area of continuous forest. We captured 279 individuals belonging to 28 species with a total of 77.760 m2.h of sampling effort. Our results showed that bat richness increases as a function of distance to the nearest watercourse and that the assemblage also changes, with more diverse taxonomic and functional groups in areas further from the watercourse. Furthermore, elevation positively affects species richness, and the basal area of the forest positively influences the average body mass of bats. Taken together, our results demonstrate that subtle variations in the environmental conditions along a local scale gradient impact on the main dimensions of bat diversity in primary forests.
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Torralvo K, Fraga R, Lima AP, Dayrell J, Magnusson WE. Environmental filtering and deforestation shape frog assemblages in Amazonia: An empirical approach assessing species abundances and functional traits. Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Torralvo
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - Rafael Fraga
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém Brazil
| | - Albertina P. Lima
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - Jussara Dayrell
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
| | - William E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
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Shaping the Ecotone Zone in Forest Communities That Are Adjacent to Expressway Roads. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12111490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a result of forest fragmentation, ecotones have become an important contribution to the landscape. The areas that include ecotones are constantly growing, thus creating new habitats for plants and animals. The factor that has the greatest impact on the configuration and extent of an ecotone is called the “edge effect”. The aim of this study was to determine the width of the ecotones in forests that are adjacent to an expressway and to characterize the edge effect they produced. The research was performed along ten transects situated at the edge of a forest and in the interior part of a forest (plots from 0 to 200 m). The structures of the forest stand, trees, shrubs, dwarf shrubs and herbs were determined and data on the species composition and species cover were also collected. Results of the statistical analyses (linear mixed models as well as detrended and canonical correspondence analyses) indicated significant changes in the structure, species composition, and species turnover that were dependent on the distance from the edge of the forest. It was shown that shrubs (cover, density, species richness) were the most affected while vascular plants were the least affected. However, the changes were ambiguous. There was either an increase or decrease in the individual parameters of the forest structure and the coverage of forest species. The extent of the forest edge began at a minimum distance of 0–20 m.
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Ganança PHS, Santos AP, Kawashita‐Ribeiro RA, Vasconcelos Neto LB, Santos Júnior IA, Guedes DDS, Fraga R. Habitats determining local frog assemblages within aquatic macrophyte meadows in Amazonia, through species traits filtering. AUSTRAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Salomão Ganança
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé Santarém PA68040‐255Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém PABrazil
| | - Alfredo P. Santos
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé Santarém PA68040‐255Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém PABrazil
| | - Ricardo A. Kawashita‐Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé Santarém PA68040‐255Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Experimentais Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Rondonópolis MTBrazil
| | - Lourival Baía Vasconcelos Neto
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé Santarém PA68040‐255Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém PABrazil
| | - Ivan Alves Santos Júnior
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Biociências Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém PABrazil
| | - Daniel de Sousa Guedes
- Curso de Bacharelado em Biologia Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém PABrazil
| | - Rafael Fraga
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé Santarém PA68040‐255Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Recursos Naturais da Amazônia Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém PA Brazil
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Souza E, Lima A, Magnusson W, Kawashita-Ribeiro R, Fadini R, Ghizoni I, Ganança P, Fraga R. Short- and long-term effects of fire and vegetation cover on four lizard species in Amazonian savannas. CAN J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2020-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ecological succession in tropical savannas is limited by seasonal fire, which affects habitat quality. Although fire may cause negligible or positive effects on animals occupying savannas, most short-term studies (months to a few years) are based on a single temporal sampling snapshot, and long-term studies (decades) are rare. We sampled four lizard species (Rainbow Whiptail, Cnemidophorus lemniscatus (Linnaeus, 1758); Striped Whiptail, Kentropyx striata (Daudin, 1802); Grass Anole, Norops auratus Duméril and Bibron, 1837 = Anolis auratus Daudin, 1802; Amazon Racerunner, Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758)) in Amazonian savannas to test the effects of fire and vegetation cover on lizard densities at two temporal scales. In the short term, we use three sampling snapshots to test the effects of fire and vegetation cover on estimated lizard densities over the subsequent 1–5 years. In the long term, we test the effects of fire and changes in vegetation cover over 21 years on current lizard density differences. In the short term, species responses were usually consistent with foraging and thermoregulation modes. However, the results were not consistent among species and years, although the variances in species density explained by year as a random factor were generally low. In the long term, the main effects of fire and vegetation cover show that lizard densities may change spatially, but not necessarily temporarily. Wildfire is a natural resource of savannas and apparently have little impact on resident lizards of that ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, CEP 68040-470, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - A.P. Lima
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida Efigênio Sales, 2239, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - W.E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida Efigênio Sales, 2239, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - R. Kawashita-Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, CEP 68040-470, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - R. Fadini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, CEP 68040-470, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - I.R. Ghizoni
- Caipora Cooperativa para a Conservação da Natureza, Avenida Desembargador Vítor Lima, 260, CEP 88040-400, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - P. Ganança
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, CEP 68040-470, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - R. Fraga
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, CEP 68040-470, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
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Blake JG. Acoustic monitors and direct observations provide similar but distinct perspectives on bird assemblages in a lowland forest of eastern Ecuador. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10565. [PMID: 33520440 PMCID: PMC7811295 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bird communities in lowland Neotropical forests exhibit temporal and spatial variation in species composition and abundance at multiple scales. Detecting and explaining such variation requires adequate methods for sampling those bird communities but counting birds in highly diverse lowland forests of the Neotropics can be particularly challenging. Point counts are one of the most frequently used methods for counting birds in tropical forests but inter- and intra-observer variability in detecting and identifying sounds may cause problems. Acoustic monitors (passive acoustic monitors; autonomous recording units) provide an alternative and potentially effective method to sample bird communities by acting, in effect, as “point counts”, recording vocalizations at a given point for a set time. I used acoustic monitors to examine patterns of species richness, spatial distribution, and community composition of birds in a lowland forest in eastern Ecuador, one of the most diverse regions on earth. I deployed monitors at 25 locations, each separated by at least 200 m, on each of two 100-ha plots (Harpia, Puma) at Tiputini Biodiversity Station during January–February, 2013–2017. Monitors were set to record for 10 min followed by a 5-min break, from 0545 h to 0810 h (10 recording periods/morning). Recordings were later reviewed to identify species; no attempt was made to distinguish individuals or to estimate distance. Results were compared with contemporaneous direct observations along transects on the same plots. A total of 214 species were identified from recordings on both plots, combined, with slightly more on Harpia (208) than on Puma (188). Number per year ranged from 142 on Harpia in 2016 to 161 on Puma in 2015. Number per point was ~45 with an overall range of 29–68. Number of species detected in recordings was similar to but somewhat less than the number recorded during direct observations. Number of species recorded increased rapidly from the first period (0545–0555 h) to the third (0615–0625 h) but showed little subsequent change. Most species were recorded at relatively few points; the four most widely distributed species were the same on both plots (Patagioenas plumbea, Xiphorhynchus guttatus, Capito aurita, Ramphastos tucanus), all of which are relatively loud canopy or subcanopy species. Ordinations based on species composition illustrated differences between plots based on both recordings and direct observations; similarly, patterns of species composition differed between methods. Acoustic monitors can be an effective tool for sampling bird communities and may be particularly effective and efficient for sampling loud species with distinctive songs. Nonetheless, results from monitors may provide different perspectives on species composition when compared to direct observations. Which method is preferred likely will depend on the specific objectives of individual studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Blake
- Wildlife Ecology & Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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de Fraga R, de Carvalho VT. Testing the Wallace’s riverine barrier hypothesis based on frog and Squamata reptile assemblages from a tributary of the lower Amazon River. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2020.1870838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Fraga
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento Animal, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Tadeu de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, Brazil
- Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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Cordeiro GG, Vasconcelos V, Salemi LF, Nardoto GB. Factors affecting the effectiveness of riparian buffers in retaining sediment: an isotopic approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:735. [PMID: 33123773 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Riparian forest width is a major driver of their capacity to retain sediments from agricultural fields. However, the relationship between forest width and ecosystem service provisioning may vary with local environmental conditions such as relief, soil, and vegetation types. In order to assess the effect of forest width, slope, hydraulic conductivity, and land cover (watershed scale) on the effectiveness of riparian buffers in retaining sediment from pastures cultivated with African C4 grasses, we used the natural abundance of carbon stable isotopes (δ13C) in the soil and stream organic sediments as indicators. The study was conducted in small streams of the upper Corumbá River basin, state of Goiás (Cerrado biome), Brazil. We found that slight increases from 2 to 5% mean slope were sufficient to change SOM to a mixture of C3 and C4 carbon sources inside the riparian forests. Therefore, hillslope's steepness and magnitude control soil transport downslope, but after reaching the riparian forest, sediment retention is strongly affected by the forest width. We also found that soil erosion leads to fine sediment deposition in agricultural streams, especially in those watersheds with a high occurrence of degraded pastures. We conclude that sites along the stream course with a combination of steep slopes, narrow forests, and intensive land use are the most vulnerable to sediment inputs and should be the focus of preservation and restoration by landscape managers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinicius Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felippe Salemi
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais e Limnológicos, Faculdade de Planaltina, Universidade de Brasília, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Marques Peixoto G, De Fraga R, C. Araújo M, Kaefer IL, Lima AP. Hierarchical effects of historical and environmental factors on lizard assemblages in the upper Madeira River, Brazilian Amazonia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233881. [PMID: 32484844 PMCID: PMC7266318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the role of historical and ecological factors structuring assemblages is relevant to understand mechanisms and processes affecting biodiversity across heterogeneous habitats. Considering that community assembly often involves scale-dependent processes, different spatial scales may reveal distinct factors structuring assemblages. In this study we use arboreal and leaf-litter lizard abundance data from 83 plots to investigate assemblage spatial structure at two distinct scales in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. At a regional scale, we test the general hypothesis that the Madeira River acts as a barrier to dispersal of some lizard species, which results in distinct assemblages between river banks. At a local scale, we test the hypothesis that assemblages are not evenly distributed across heterogeneous habitats but respond to a continuum of inadequate-to-optimal portions of environmental predictors. Our results show that regional lizard assemblages are structured by the upper Madeira River acting as a regional barrier to 29.62% of the species sampled. This finding suggests species have been historically isolated at one of the river banks, or that distinct geomorphological features influence species occurrence at each river bank. At a local scale, different sets of environmental predictors affected assemblage composition between river banks or even along a river bank. These findings indicate that environmental filtering is a major cause of lizard assemblage spatial structure in the upper Madeira River, but predictor variables cannot be generalized over the extensive (nearly 500 km) study area. Based on a single study system we demonstrate that lizard assemblages along the forests near the banks of the upper Madeira River are not randomly structured but respond to multiple factors acting at different and hierarchical spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Marques Peixoto
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Rafael De Fraga
- Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais Amazônicos, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Maria C. Araújo
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Igor Luis Kaefer
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
| | - Albertina Pimentel Lima
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
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Sreekar R, Koh LP, Mammides C, Corlett RT, Dayananda S, Goodale UM, Kotagama SW, Goodale E. Drivers of bird beta diversity in the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot are scale dependent: roles of land use, climate, and distance. Oecologia 2020; 193:801-809. [PMID: 32447456 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the last 50 years, intensive agriculture has replaced large tracts of rainforests. Such changes in land use are driving niche-based ecological processes that determine local community assembly. However, little is known about the relative importance of these anthropogenic niche-based processes, in comparison to climatic niche-based processes and spatial processes such as dispersal limitation. In this study, we use a variation partitioning approach to determine the relative importance of land-use change (ranked value of forest loss), climatic variation (temperature and precipitation), and distance between transects, on bird beta diversity at two different spatial scales within the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot. Our results show that the drivers of local community assembly are scale dependent. At the larger spatial scale, distance was more important than climate and land use for bird species composition, suggesting that dispersal limitation over the Palk Strait, which separates the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, is the main driver of local community assembly. At the smaller scale, climate was more important than land use, suggesting the importance of climatic niches. Therefore, to conserve all species in a biodiversity hotspot, it is important to consider geographic barriers and climatic variation along with land-use change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachakonda Sreekar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
| | - Lian Pin Koh
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Christos Mammides
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Richard T Corlett
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Salindra Dayananda
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.,Foundation for Nature Conservation and Preservation, Panadura, 12500, Sri Lanka
| | - Uromi M Goodale
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Sarath W Kotagama
- Field Ornithology Group of Sri Lanka, Department of Zoology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Eben Goodale
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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Maximiano MFDA, d'Horta FM, Tuomisto H, Zuquim G, Van doninck J, Ribas CC. The relative role of rivers, environmental heterogeneity and species traits in driving compositional changes in southeastern Amazonian bird assemblages. Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanna Tuomisto
- Amazon Research Team Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Gabriela Zuquim
- Amazon Research Team Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland
- Department of Biology Aarhus University Denmark Europe
| | - Jasper Van doninck
- Amazon Research Team Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Camila Cherem Ribas
- Biodiversity Section Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Manaus Brazil
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14
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Living in small spaces: Forest fragment characterization and its use by Philippine tarsiers (Tarsius syrichta Linnaeus, 1758) in Mindanao Island, Philippines. Primates 2020; 61:529-542. [PMID: 32043166 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-020-00798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta) is a charismatic species that is threatened by illegal hunting and deforestation. Although they occur in forest and disturbed habitats, ecological information about them is still considerably lacking, which consequently hampers our ability to effectively protect tarsiers from further endangerment. Here, we characterized a 36-ha forest fragment in Mindanao Island where a population of tarsiers persist, and assessed the factors that could have influenced their distribution within the area. We sampled trees (> 1 cm DBH) within 10 × 10-m sampling plots (N = 54), which were established within 1-ha grids (N = 32) and locations where tarsiers were captured (N = 22). The habitat was characterized as a regenerating forest over limestone, with a generally homogeneous structure in terms of tree species richness, abundance, mean DBH, and height. In both sampling plots, we found an abundance of trees below 5 cm in DBH (> 50%) and between 2.6 and 5 m in height (> 40%), which, accordingly, the tarsiers appeared to prefer to use when foraging or sleeping. Lianas were among the most important features of the forest, possibly being a keystone structure in such habitats. Community assemblage, species richness, and mean height of trees, as well as distance to the forest edge, were found to be significant factors that influenced tarsier distribution in the fragment. Our study provides basic yet critical information on the habitat and ecology of Philippine tarsiers in Mindanao, and highlights the importance of forest fragments with rich flora diversity to the survival of the species.
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15
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Corrêa Nogueira TDA, Ayala WE, Dayrell JS, de Fraga R, Kaefer IL. Scale-dependent estimates of niche overlap and environmental effects on two sister species of Neotropical snakes. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2019.1616957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jussara Santos Dayrell
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Rafael de Fraga
- Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Brazil
| | - Igor Luis Kaefer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
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16
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Faria AS, Menin M, Kaefer IL. Riparian zone as a main determinant of the structure of lizard assemblages in upland Amazonian forests. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayra Souza Faria
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia/INPA; V8, Av. André Araújo, 2936 Petrópolis Manaus Amazonas CEP: 69067-375 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Menin
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Amazonas - Senador Arthur Virgílio Filho - Setor Sul; Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - Igor Luis Kaefer
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal do Amazonas - Senador Arthur Virgílio Filho - Setor Sul; Manaus Amazonas Brazil
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17
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Pereira LGDA, Capavede UD, Tavares VDC, Magnusson WE, Bobrowiec PED, Baccaro FB. From a bat's perspective, protected riparian areas should be wider than defined by Brazilian laws. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 232:37-44. [PMID: 30468955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Riparian areas around streams are those areas in which biological communites are directly influenced by the stream. The size of protected riparian areas and their conservation has become a controversial topic after changes implemented in the Brazilian Forest Code (BFC): a set of laws that regulates the size of Permanent Protection Areas (PPA). Here, we investigate the influence of distance from water bodies on bat-species and guild composition in a lowland Amazonian rainforest. Our hypotheses were that bat assemblages would change depending on the distance to the water body and that the abundance of herbivorous bats (frugivorous and nectarivorous) would be greater in areas close to water. Bats were captured with mist-nets in 24 riparian and 25 non-riparian plots within a trail grid in an old-growth terra-firme forest, northeast of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Each plot was sampled three times in a total of 7056 net-hours. We captured 1191 bats, comprising 51 species. We used model selection based on AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) to compare linear and piecewise regressions to estimate the ecological thresholds for different bat assemblages. Piecewise models with one breakpoint were more parsimonious than linear models for abundance data, and the species and guild composition of animalivorous and frugivorous bats. Animalivorous-bat abundance increased from the stream to about 181 m, and frugivorous-bat abundance decreased within 50 m of the stream. The patterns of guild abundance suggest that frugivorous bats may need greater access to streams than animalivorous bats. The most conservative model suggests that most of the variation in bat composition occurs close to the stream and extends to up 114 m from the banks. Therefore, the 30 m wide strip of riparian forest protected by Brazilian law would maintain a relatively small fraction of bat-species assemblages in Ducke Reserve, and is insufficient to represent most of the assemblage-composition variation within the riparian zone. The suggestion to reduce the width of the protected riparian zone from 30 to 15 m for streams smaller than 10 m wide, as is under discussion, would likely be prejudicial for bat assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ubirajara Dutra Capavede
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), 69080-971, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Valéria da Cunha Tavares
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), 32415-250, Ibirité, MG, Brazil
| | - William E Magnusson
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), 69080-971, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Paulo Estefano Dineli Bobrowiec
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), 69080-971, Manaus, AM, Brazil; Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), 69011-970, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - Fabricio Beggiato Baccaro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), 69080-900, Manaus, AM, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), 69080-971, Manaus, AM, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), 69067-005, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
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18
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Maure LA, Rodrigues RC, Alcântara ÂV, Adorno BFCB, Santos DL, Abreu EL, Tanaka RM, Gonçalves RM, Hasui E. Functional Redundancy in bird community decreases with riparian forest width reduction. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:10395-10408. [PMID: 30464813 PMCID: PMC6238144 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Riparian ecosystems are suffering anthropogenic threats that reduce biodiversity and undermine ecosystem services. However, there is a great deal of uncertainty about the way species composition of assemblages is related to ecosystem function, especially in a landscape fragmentation context.Here, we assess the impact of habitat loss and disturbance on Functional Diversity (FD) components Functional Redundancy (FRed), Functional Evenness (FEve), and Functional Richness (FRic) of riparian forest bird assemblages to evaluate (a) how FD components respond to riparian forest width reduction and vegetation disturbance; (b) the existence of thresholds within these relationships; (c) which of the main birds diet guild (frugivores, insectivores, and omnivores) respond to such thresholds. We predict that FD components will be affected negatively and nonlinearly by riparian changes. However, guilds could have different responses due to differences of species sensitivity to fragmentation and disturbance. We expect to find thresholds in FD responses, because fragmentation and disturbance drive loss of specific FD components.Our results show that FRed and FEve were linearly affected by width and disturbance of riparian habitats, respectively. FRed was significantly lower in riparian forests assemblages below 400 m wide, and FEve was significantly higher above 60% disturbance. These responses of FD were also followed to the decline in insectivores and frugivores richness in riparian forests most affected by these changes.Consequently, our study suggests communities do not tolerate reduction in riparian forest width or disturbance intensification without negative impact on FD, and this becomes more critical for riparian area <400-m wide or with more than 60% disturbance. This minimum riparian width required to maintain FRed is greater than the minimum width required for riparian forests by Brazilian law. Thus, it is important to consider mechanisms to expand riparian habitats and reduce the disturbance intensity in riparian forests so that riparian bird community FD may be effectively conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A. Maure
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Rodolpho C. Rodrigues
- Departamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ângelo V. Alcântara
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Bruno F. C. B. Adorno
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Douglas L. Santos
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Eduardo L. Abreu
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Rafael M. Tanaka
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Rute M. Gonçalves
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Erica Hasui
- Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de AlfenasAlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
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19
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de Fraga R, Ferrão M, Stow AJ, Magnusson WE, Lima AP. Different environmental gradients affect different measures of snake β-diversity in the Amazon rainforests. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5628. [PMID: 30280020 PMCID: PMC6162079 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms generating and maintaining biodiversity at regional scales may be evaluated by quantifying β-diversity along environmental gradients. Differences in assemblages result in biotic complementarities and redundancies among sites, which may be quantified through multi-dimensional approaches incorporating taxonomic β-diversity (TBD), functional β-diversity (FBD) and phylogenetic β-diversity (PBD). Here we test the hypothesis that snake TBD, FBD and PBD are influenced by environmental gradients, independently of geographic distance. The gradients tested are expected to affect snake assemblages indirectly, such as clay content in the soil determining primary production and height above the nearest drainage determining prey availability, or directly, such as percentage of tree cover determining availability of resting and nesting sites, and climate (temperature and precipitation) causing physiological filtering. We sampled snakes in 21 sampling plots, each covering five km2, distributed over 880 km in the central-southern Amazon Basin. We used dissimilarities between sampling sites to quantify TBD, FBD and PBD, which were response variables in multiple-linear-regression and redundancy analysis models. We show that patterns of snake community composition based on TBD, FBD and PBD are associated with environmental heterogeneity in the Amazon. Despite positive correlations between all β-diversity measures, TBD responded to different environmental gradients compared to FBD and PBD. Our findings suggest that multi-dimensional approaches are more informative for ecological studies and conservation actions compared to a single diversity measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Fraga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociedade, Natureza e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Ferrão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Adam J Stow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William E Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Albertina P Lima
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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20
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Ferreira AS, Jehle R, Stow AJ, Lima AP. Soil and forest structure predicts large-scale patterns of occurrence and local abundance of a widespread Amazonian frog. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5424. [PMID: 30123719 PMCID: PMC6087616 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of biodiversity within the Amazon basin is often structured by sharp environmental boundaries, such as large rivers. The Amazon region is also characterized by subtle environmental clines, but how they might affect the distributions and abundance of organisms has so far received less attention. Here, we test whether soil and forest characteristics are associated with the occurrence and relative abundance of the forest-floor dwelling Aromobatid frog, Allobates femoralis. We applied a structured sampling regime along an 880 km long transect through forest of different density. High detection probabilities were estimated for A. femoralis in each of the sampling modules. Using generalized linear mixed-effects models and simple linear regressions that take detectability into account, we show that A. femoralis is more abundant in open forests than in dense forests. The presence and relative abundance of A. femoralis is also positively associated with clay-rich soils, which are poorly drained and therefore likely support the standing water bodies required for reproduction. Taken together, we demonstrate that relatively easy-to-measure environmental features can explain the distribution and abundance of a widespread species at different spatial scales. Such proxies are of clear value to ecologists and conservation managers working in large inaccessible areas such as the Amazon basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Robert Jehle
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Adam J Stow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Albertina P Lima
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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21
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Mitchell SL, Edwards DP, Bernard H, Coomes D, Jucker T, Davies ZG, Struebig MJ. Riparian reserves help protect forest bird communities in oil palm dominated landscapes. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon L. Mitchell
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE)School of Anthropology and ConservationUniversity of Kent Canterbury Kent UK
| | - David P. Edwards
- Department of Animal and Plant SciencesUniversity of Sheffield Sheffield South Yorks UK
| | - Henry Bernard
- Institute for Tropical Biology and ConservationUniversiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
| | - David Coomes
- Forest Ecology and Conservation GroupDepartment of Plant SciencesUniversity of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge UK
| | - Tommaso Jucker
- Forest Ecology and Conservation GroupDepartment of Plant SciencesUniversity of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge UK
| | - Zoe G. Davies
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE)School of Anthropology and ConservationUniversity of Kent Canterbury Kent UK
| | - Matthew J. Struebig
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE)School of Anthropology and ConservationUniversity of Kent Canterbury Kent UK
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22
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Functional connectivity in urban landscapes promoted by Ramphastos toco (Toco Toucan) and its implications for policy making. Urban Ecosyst 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-018-0789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Capaverde UD, Pereira LGDA, Tavares VDC, Magnusson WE, Baccaro FB, Bobrowiec PED. Subtle changes in elevation shift bat-assemblage structure in Central Amazonia. Biotropica 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ubirajara Dutra Capaverde
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM 69080-971 Brazil
| | | | - Valéria da Cunha Tavares
- Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 31270-010 Brazil
| | - William E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM 69067-375 Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Estefano D. Bobrowiec
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM 69067-375 Brazil
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Manaus AM 69011-970 Brazil
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24
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Ferrão M, de Fraga R, Moravec J, Kaefer IL, Lima AP. A new species of Amazonian snouted treefrog (Hylidae: Scinax) with description of a novel species-habitat association for an aquatic breeding frog. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4321. [PMID: 29441233 PMCID: PMC5808318 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Scinax is one of the most specious genera of treefrogs of the family Hylidae. Despite the high number of potential new species of Scinax revealed in recent studies, the rate of species descriptions for Amazonia has been low in the last decade. A potential cause of this low rate may be the existence of morphologically cryptic species. Describing new species may not only impact the taxonomy and systematics of a group of organisms but also benefit other fields of biology. Ecological studies conducted in megadiverse regions, such as Amazonia, often meet challenging questions concerning insufficient knowledge of organismal alpha taxonomy. Due to that, detecting species-habitat associations is dependent on our ability to properly identify species. In this study, we first provide a description of a new species (including its tadpoles) of the genus Scinax distributed along heterogeneous landscapes in southern Amazonia; and secondly assess the influence of environmental heterogeneity on the new species' abundance and distribution. Scinax ruberoculatus sp. nov. differs from all nominal congeners by its small size (SVL 22.6-25.9 mm in males and 25.4-27.5 mm in females), by having a dark brown spot on the head and scapular region shaped mainly like the moth Copiopteryx semiramis (or a human molar in lateral view, or a triangle), bicolored reddish and grey iris, snout truncate in dorsal view, bilobate vocal sac in males, by its advertisement call consisting of a single pulsed note with duration of 0.134-0.331 s, 10-23 pulses per note, and dominant frequency 1,809-1,895 Hz. Both occurrence and abundance of the new species are significantly influenced by silt content in the soil. This finding brings the first evidence that edaphic factors influence species-habitat association in Amazonian aquatic breeding frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquéias Ferrão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rafael de Fraga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jiří Moravec
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Igor L. Kaefer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Albertina P. Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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25
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Santorelli S, Magnusson WE, Deus CP. Most species are not limited by an Amazonian river postulated to be a border between endemism areas. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2294. [PMID: 29396491 PMCID: PMC5797105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
At broad scales in the Amazon, it is often hypothesized that species distributions are limited by geographical barriers, such as large rivers (river-barrier hypothesis). This hypothesis has been used to explain the spatial-distribution limits of species and to indicate endemism areas for several phylogenetic lineages. We tested the ability of the river-barrier hypothesis to explain patterns of species diversity and spatial-distribution limits for 1952 easily-detected species in 14 taxonomic groups that occur around the Madeira River, and our results indicate that the hypothesis that the Madeira River is the border between endemism areas and explains much of the diversity found in the region is inappropriate for >99% of species. This indicates that alternative hypotheses should be proposed to explain the limits of distributions of species around the Madeira River, as well as a revision of the criteria that are used to determine species-endemism areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Santorelli
- Programa de Pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, CEP 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - William E Magnusson
- Centro de Estudos Integrados da Biodiversidade Amazônica, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, CEP 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, CEP 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Claudia P Deus
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, CEP 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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26
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de Abreu FHT, Schietti J, Anciães M. Spatial and environmental correlates of intraspecific morphological variation in three species of passerine birds from the Purus–Madeira interfluvium, Central Amazonia. Evol Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-018-9929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Bueno AS, Dantas SM, Henriques LMP, Peres CA. Ecological traits modulate bird species responses to forest fragmentation in an Amazonian anthropogenic archipelago. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Saldanha Bueno
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich Norfolk United Kingdom
- Instituto Federal de Educação; Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha; Júlio de Castilhos Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich Norfolk United Kingdom
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Srbek-Araujo AC, Gnocchi AP, Guimarães LJ, Roper JJ. Defaunation as a trigger for the additional loss of plant species in fragmented landscapes: considerations on the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. RODRIGUÉSIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201768530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Here we present a brief review on how the loss of fauna can cause a concomitant loss in plant diversity in the state of Espírito Santo, focusing on the context of current habitat loss and fragmentation and the importance of the mutualistic interactions between animals and plants. We discuss the main groups of fauna that are involved in pollination and seed dispersal, especially those that are found in the state of Espírito Santo. These ecological processes were selected due to their relevance for population dynamics and population genetics of plants. In Atlantic Forest, important pollinators include a variety of insects (especially bees), along with many species of birds and bats. Seed dispersers also include many taxonomic groups, from ants to large mammals. Each of these groups contribute in their own unique and complementary, rather than redundant, way. Habitat fragmentation causes a variety of problems for habitat integrity and the reduction of species diversity, and smaller fragments tend to support fewer species and smaller populations. As a consequence, pollinators and seed dispersers are lost or their activity is reduced, thereby reducing even further the reproductive success of the plants, leading to a vicious cycle of reduction of species diversity.
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Menger J, Magnusson WE, Anderson MJ, Schlegel M, Pe’er G, Henle K. Environmental characteristics drive variation in Amazonian understorey bird assemblages. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171540. [PMID: 28225774 PMCID: PMC5321421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical bird assemblages display patterns of high alpha and beta diversity and, as tropical birds exhibit strong habitat specificity, their spatial distributions are generally assumed to be driven primarily by environmental heterogeneity and interspecific interactions. However, spatial distributions of some Amazonian forest birds are also often restricted by large rivers and other large-scale topographic features, suggesting that dispersal limitation may also play a role in driving species’ turnover. In this study, we evaluated the effects of environmental characteristics, topographic and spatial variables on variation in local assemblage structure and diversity of birds in an old-growth forest in central Amazonia. Birds were mist-netted in 72 plots distributed systematically across a 10,000 ha reserve in each of three years. Alpha diversity remained stable through time, but species composition changed. Spatial variation in bird-assemblage structure was significantly related to environmental and topographic variables but not strongly related to spatial variables. At a broad scale, we found bird assemblages to be significantly distinct between two watersheds that are divided by a central ridgeline. We did not detect an effect of the ridgeline per se in driving these patterns, indicating that most birds are able to fly across it, and that differences in assemblage structure between watersheds may be due to unmeasured environmental variables or unique combinations of measured variables. Our study indicates that complex geography and landscape features can act together with environmental variables to drive changes in the diversity and composition of tropical bird assemblages at local scales, but highlights that we still know very little about what makes different parts of tropical forest suitable for different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Menger
- UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- Coordenação de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - William E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Marti J. Anderson
- New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study - NZIAS, Albany Campus, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martin Schlegel
- Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Guy Pe’er
- UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Klaus Henle
- UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
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Jorge RF, Simões PI, Magnusson WE, Lima AP. Fine-scale habitat heterogeneity explains the local distribution of two Amazonian frog species of concern for conservation. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael F. Jorge
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA); Avenida Efigênio Sales, 2239 Bairro Aleixo Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - Pedro I. Simões
- Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados; Faculdade de Biociências; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS); Avenida Ipiranga, 6681 Prédio 40, sala 110 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - William E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade - INPA; Avenida Efigênio Sales, 2239 Bairro Aleixo Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - Albertina P. Lima
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade - INPA; Avenida Efigênio Sales, 2239 Bairro Aleixo Manaus Amazonas Brazil
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31
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Bicudo T, Anciães M, Benchimol M, Peres CA, Simões PI. Insularization effects on acoustic signals of 2 suboscine Amazonian birds. Behav Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arw070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Graça MB, Morais JW, Franklin E, Pequeno PACL, Souza JLP, Bueno AS. Combining Taxonomic and Functional Approaches to Unravel the Spatial Distribution of an Amazonian Butterfly Community. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:301-309. [PMID: 26643123 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the spatial distribution of an Amazonian fruit-feeding butterfly assemblage by linking species taxonomic and functional approaches. We hypothesized that: 1) vegetation richness (i.e., resources) and abundance of insectivorous birds (i.e., predators) should drive changes in butterfly taxonomic composition, 2) larval diet breadth should decrease with increase of plant species richness, 3) small-sized adults should be favored by higher abundance of birds, and 4) communities with eyespot markings should be able to exploit areas with higher predation pressure. Fruit-feeding butterflies were sampled with bait traps and insect nets across 25 km(2) of an Amazonian ombrophilous forest in Brazil. We measured larval diet breadth, adult body size, and wing marking of all butterflies. Our results showed that plant species richness explained most of the variation in butterfly taxonomic turnover. Also, community average diet breadth decreased with increase of plant species richness, which supports our expectations. In contrast, community average body size increased with the abundance of birds, refuting our hypothesis. We detected no influence of environmental gradients on the occurrence of species with eyespot markings. The association between butterfly taxonomic and functional composition points to a mediator role of the functional traits in the environmental filtering of butterflies. The incorporation of the functional approach into the analyses allowed for the detection of relationships that were not observed using a strictly taxonomic perspective and provided an extra insight into comprehending the potential adaptive strategies of butterflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márlon B Graça
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ), Center for Integrated Studies of Amazonian Biodiversity, CENBAM, Manaus, Brazil,
| | - José W Morais
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Elizabeth Franklin
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ), Center for Integrated Studies of Amazonian Biodiversity, CENBAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Pedro A C L Pequeno
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ), Center for Integrated Studies of Amazonian Biodiversity, CENBAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Jorge L P Souza
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ), Center for Integrated Studies of Amazonian Biodiversity, CENBAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Anderson Saldanha Bueno
- Biodiversity Coordination, National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (; ; ; ; ; ), Campus Júlio de Castilhos, Farroupilha Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Brazil
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Moura NG, Lees AC, Aleixo A, Barlow J, Berenguer E, Ferreira J, Mac Nally R, Thomson JR, Gardner TA. Idiosyncratic responses of Amazonian birds to primary forest disturbance. Oecologia 2015; 180:903-16. [PMID: 26566810 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As humans continue to alter tropical landscapes across the world, it is important to understand what environmental factors help determine the persistence of biodiversity in modified ecosystems. Studies on well-known taxonomic groups can offer critical insights as to the fate of biodiversity in these modified systems. Here we investigated species-specific responses of 44 forest-associated bird species with different behavioural traits to forest disturbance in 171 transects distributed across 31 landscapes in two regions of the eastern Brazilian Amazon. We investigated patterns of species occurrence in primary forests varyingly disturbed by selective-logging and fire and examined the relative importance of local, landscape and historical environmental variables in determining species occurrences. Within undisturbed and disturbed primary forest transects, we found that distance to forest edge and the biomass of large trees were the most important predictors driving the occurrence of individual species. However, we also found considerable variation in species responses to different environmental variables as well as inter-regional variation in the responses of the same species to the same environmental variables. We advocate the utility of using species-level analyses to complement community-wide responses in order to uncover highly variable and species-specific responses to environmental change that remain so poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nárgila G Moura
- Curso de Pós-Graduação de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, CEP 66040-170, Brazil.
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
| | - Alexander C Lees
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
- Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, CEP 66040-170, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Aleixo
- Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, CEP 66040-170, Brazil
| | - Jos Barlow
- Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Caixa Postal 399, Belém, Pará, CEP 66040-170, Brazil
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Setor de Ecologia e Conservação, Lavras, Minas Gerais, CEP 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Erika Berenguer
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Joice Ferreira
- Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n, CP 48, Belém, Pará, CEP 66095-100, Brazil
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- Institute for Applied Ecology, The University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - James R Thomson
- Institute for Applied Ecology, The University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - Toby A Gardner
- Stockholm Environment Institute, 87D Linegatan, Stockholm, Sweden
- International Institute for Sustainability, Rio De Janeiro, CEP 22460-320, Brazil
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Habitat associations of woodcreeper (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) assemblage in selectively logged areas of Southern Amazonia. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467415000565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:The Brazilian Amazon rain forest has lost c. 17% of its originally forested portion, due to deforestation and selective logging. Forest degradation caused by logging contributes to loss of animal species that require specialized habitats to survive, such as woodcreepers that inhabit understorey areas. Habitat associations of woodcreeper species can be important for identifying species that have restricted distribution and/or habitat specialization. Our study investigates the effects of spatial variation in forest structure and some landscape features (canopy openness, altitude, distance to stream and exploited basal area) on the abundance and composition of woodcreeper assemblage in selectively logged tropical forests in Southern Amazonia. We used mist-nets and points count to quantify the composition and abundance of woodcreepers in 32 plots in three sites. Plots were spatially arranged in PPBio LTER sites (long-term ecological research plots, systematically spaced at 1-km intervals) in Southern Amazonia. A total of 240 individuals (captured, observed and/or heard) belonging to 11 woodcreeper species were detected. Mantel tests showed that there is no spatial autocorrelation among woodcreeper assemblage and distance between plots. Altitude and canopy openness were significantly associated with the composition of the woodcreeper assemblage. Altitude was negatively associated with species richness, and the abundance of the two dominant species (Glyphorynchus spirurus and Xiphorhynchus elegans). The negative relationship with canopy openness suggests that woodcreeper assemblages that inhabit understorey are likely to be indirectly affected by selective logging which reduces canopy cover. The selective logging indirectly changes bird species assemblages, and depending on the intensity, may result in the local extinction of some insectivorous species. Short- and long-term studies addressing different intensities of selective logging are needed to determine the impacts on the bird species and forest structure.
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Dias-Terceiro RG, Kaefer IL, de Fraga R, de Araújo MC, Simões PI, Lima AP. A Matter of Scale: Historical and Environmental Factors Structure Anuran Assemblages from the Upper Madeira River, Amazonia. Biotropica 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Randolpho G. Dias-Terceiro
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Caixa Postal 478; Manaus Amazonas CEP 69011-970 Brazil
| | - Igor Luis Kaefer
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Manaus Amazonas CEP 69077-000 Brazil
| | - Rafael de Fraga
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Caixa Postal 478; Manaus Amazonas CEP 69011-970 Brazil
| | - Maria Carmozina de Araújo
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Caixa Postal 478; Manaus Amazonas CEP 69011-970 Brazil
| | - Pedro Ivo Simões
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Caixa Postal 478; Manaus Amazonas CEP 69011-970 Brazil
- Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul CEP 90619-900 Brazil
| | - Albertina P. Lima
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Caixa Postal 478; Manaus Amazonas CEP 69011-970 Brazil
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Keir AF, Pearson RG, Congdon RA. Determinants of bird assemblage composition in riparian vegetation on sugarcane farms in the Queensland Wet Tropics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/pc14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Remnant habitat patches in agricultural landscapes can contribute substantially to wildlife conservation. Understanding the main habitat variables that influence wildlife is important if these remnants are to be appropriately managed. We investigated relationships between the bird assemblages and characteristics of remnant riparian forest at 27 sites among sugarcane fields in the Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion. Sites within the remnant riparian zone had distinctly different bird assemblages from those of the forest, but provided habitat for many forest and generalist species. Width of the riparian vegetation and distance from source forest were the most important factors in explaining the bird assemblages in these remnant ribbons of vegetation. Gradual changes in assemblage composition occurred with increasing distance from source forest, with species of rainforest and dense vegetation being replaced by species of more open habitats, although increasing distance was confounded by decreasing riparian width. Species richness increased with width of the riparian zone, with high richness at the wide sites due to a mixture of open-habitat species typical of narrower sites and rainforest species typical of sites within intact forest, as a result of the greater similarity in vegetation characteristics between wide sites and the forest proper. The results demonstrate the habitat value for birds of remnant riparian vegetation in an agricultural landscape, supporting edge and open vegetation species with even narrow widths, but requiring substantial width (>90 m) to support specialists of the closed forest, the dominant original vegetation of the area.
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Costa FV, Costa FR, Magnusson WE, Franklin E, Zuanon J, Cintra R, Luizão F, Camargo JLC, Andrade A, Laurance WF, Baccaro F, Souza JLP, Espírito-Santo H. Synthesis of the first 10 years of long-term ecological research in Amazonian Forest ecosystem – implications for conservation and management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncon.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Potts JR, Mokross K, Stouffer PC, Lewis MA. Step selection techniques uncover the environmental predictors of space use patterns in flocks of Amazonian birds. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:4578-88. [PMID: 25558353 PMCID: PMC4278811 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the behavioral decisions behind animal movement and space use patterns is a key challenge for behavioral ecology. Tools to quantify these patterns from movement and animal-habitat interactions are vital for transforming ecology into a predictive science. This is particularly important in environments undergoing rapid anthropogenic changes, such as the Amazon rainforest, where animals face novel landscapes. Insectivorous bird flocks are key elements of avian biodiversity in the Amazonian ecosystem. Therefore, disentangling and quantifying the drivers behind their movement and space use patterns is of great importance for Amazonian conservation. We use a step selection function (SSF) approach to uncover environmental drivers behind movement choices. This is used to construct a mechanistic model, from which we derive predicted utilization distributions (home ranges) of flocks. We show that movement decisions are significantly influenced by canopy height and topography, but depletion and renewal of resources do not appear to affect movement significantly. We quantify the magnitude of these effects and demonstrate that they are helpful for understanding various heterogeneous aspects of space use. We compare our results to recent analytic derivations of space use, demonstrating that the analytic approximation is only accurate when assuming that there is no persistence in the animals' movement. Our model can be translated into other environments or hypothetical scenarios, such as those given by proposed future anthropogenic actions, to make predictions of spatial patterns in bird flocks. Furthermore, our approach is quite general, so could potentially be used to understand the drivers of movement and spatial patterns for a wide variety of animal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Potts
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada ; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield Sheffield, UK
| | - Karl Mokross
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803 ; Projeto Dinâmica Biólogica de Fragmentos Florestais, INPA Av. André Araújo 2936, Petropólis, Manaus, 69083-000, Brazil
| | - Philip C Stouffer
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803 ; Projeto Dinâmica Biólogica de Fragmentos Florestais, INPA Av. André Araújo 2936, Petropólis, Manaus, 69083-000, Brazil
| | - Mark A Lewis
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada ; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Magnuson W. Uncertainty and the design of in-situ biodiversity-monitoring programs. NATURE CONSERVATION 2014. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.8.5929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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The costs of evaluating species densities and composition of snakes to assess development impacts in amazonia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105453. [PMID: 25147930 PMCID: PMC4141766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies leading to decision-making for environmental licensing often fail to provide accurate estimates of diversity. Measures of snake diversity are regularly obtained to assess development impacts in the rainforests of the Amazon Basin, but this taxonomic group may be subject to poor detection probabilities. Recently, the Brazilian government tried to standardize sampling designs by the implementation of a system (RAPELD) to quantify biological diversity using spatially-standardized sampling units. Consistency in sampling design allows the detection probabilities to be compared among taxa, and sampling effort and associated cost to be evaluated. The cost effectiveness of detecting snakes has received no attention in Amazonia. Here we tested the effects of reducing sampling effort on estimates of species densities and assemblage composition. We identified snakes in seven plot systems, each standardised with 14 plots. The 250 m long centre line of each plot followed an altitudinal contour. Surveys were repeated four times in each plot and detection probabilities were estimated for the 41 species encountered. Reducing the number of observations, or the size of the sampling modules, caused significant loss of information on species densities and local patterns of variation in assemblage composition. We estimated the cost to find a snake as $ 120 U.S., but general linear models indicated the possibility of identifying differences in assemblage composition for half the overall survey costs. Decisions to reduce sampling effort depend on the importance of lost information to target-issues, and may not be the preferred option if there is the potential for identifying individual snake species requiring specific conservation actions. However, in most studies of human disturbance on species assemblages, it is likely to be more cost-effective to focus on other groups of organisms with higher detection probabilities.
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Muehlbauer JD, Collins SF, Doyle MW, Tockner K. How wide is a stream? Spatial extent of the potential “stream signature” in terrestrial food webs using meta-analysis. Ecology 2014; 95:44-55. [DOI: 10.1890/12-1628.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fraga RD, Magnusson WE, Abrahão CR, Sanaiotti T, Lima AP. Habitat Selection by Bothrops atrox (Serpentes: Viperidae) in Central Amazonia, Brazil. COPEIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-11-098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ribeiro JW, Lima AP, Magnusson WE. The Effect of Riparian Zones on Species Diversity of Frogs in Amazonian Forests. COPEIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-11-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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