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Czarnik K, Sablik Z, Borkowska A, Drożdż J, Cypryk K. Concentric remodeling and the metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 1 diabetes: an exploratory study. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02365-3. [PMID: 39287794 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic cardiomyopathy in young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) usually presents as asymptomatic diastolic heart dysfunction with left ventricle (LV) remodeling. Its prevalence seems to be underestimated. One of the factors seemingly influencing LV remodeling is a metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which was extensively investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes but not with T1D. This study aimed to describe the correlation between MASLD risk and relative wall thickness (RWT) in young patients with T1D without heart failure symptoms or treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study participants were recruited at the inpatient diabetology department, in admission order. Patients underwent a set of laboratory tests and echocardiographic examinations. The risk of MASLD was estimated using fatty liver index (FLI). Acquired data was then statistically analyzed. RESULTS The study group consisted of 55 patients. 25 participants had RWT > 0.42, suggesting LV remodeling. Study participants did not differ in HbA1c, NT-proBNP, HDL, LDL, non-HDL, and uric acid concentrations. However, patients with RWT > 0.42 had higher FLI (40.97 vs. 13.82, p < 0.01) and BMI (27.3 vs. 22.5, p < 0.01) and differed in transaminase concentrations. Moreover, patients with RWT > 0.42 had significantly higher LV mass index (85.6 vs. 68.2 g/m2) and altered mitral ring velocities. In univariable logistic regression, FLI correlated with LV remodeling risk (OR 1.028, p = 0.05). The optimal cutoff point for FLI predicting the RWT > 0.42 was 26.38 (OR 10.6, p = 0.04, sensitivity 0.857, specificity 0.657). CONCLUSIONS FLI correlates with RWT in patients with T1D independently of diabetes metabolic control and hypothetically may support recognizing T1D patients with a higher risk of LV remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Czarnik
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Central Teaching Hospital in Lodz, 251 Pomorska Street, 92-213, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Sablik
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Borkowska
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Drożdż
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Central Teaching Hospital in Lodz, 251 Pomorska Street, 92-213, Lodz, Poland
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Laudermilk LT, Schlosburg JE, Gay EA, Decker AM, Williams A, Runton R, Vasukuttan V, Kotiya A, Amato GS, Maitra R. Novel Peripherally Selective Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Neutral Antagonist Improves Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Mice. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:2856-2868. [PMID: 39296275 PMCID: PMC11406686 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing globally. MASLD is characterized by clinically significant liver steatosis, and a subset of patients progress to more severe metabolic-disorder-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with liver inflammation and fibrosis. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonism is a proven therapeutic strategy for the treatment of the phenotypes that underlie MASLD, though work on early centrally penetrant compounds largely ceased following adverse psychiatric indications in humans. We present here preclinical testing of a CB1 neutral antagonist, N-[1-[8-(2-Chlorophenyl)-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-9H-purin-6-yl]-4-phenylpiperidin-4l]methanesulfonamide (RTI-348), with minimal brain exposure when administered to mice. In a diet-induced model of MASLD-induced MASH, administration of RTI-348 decreased the total body and liver weight gain. Animals treated with RTI-348 showed reduced steatosis. Furthermore, they produced lower plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), biomarkers associated with liver damage. Mice maintained on the MASH diet had elevated expression of genes associated with profibrogenesis, immune response, and extracellular matrix remodeling, and treatment with RTI-348 mitigated these diet-induced changes in gene expression. Using an intracranial electrical self-stimulation model, we also demonstrated that RTI-348 does not produce an anhedonia response, as seen with the first-generation CB1 inverse agonist rimonabant. Altogether, the results herein point to RTI-348 as a promising neutral antagonist for MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas T Laudermilk
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
| | - Joel E Schlosburg
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0565, United States
| | - Elaine A Gay
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
| | - Ann M Decker
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
| | - Aaron Williams
- Undergraduate Studies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Rubica Runton
- Undergraduate Studies, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0002, United States
| | - Vineetha Vasukuttan
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
| | - Archana Kotiya
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
| | - George S Amato
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
| | - Rangan Maitra
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2194, United States
- Artiam Bio Inc., Cary, North Carolina 27513-2754, United States
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3
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Vu HT, Nguyen VD, Ikenaga H, Matsubara T. Application of PPAR Ligands and Nanoparticle Technology in Metabolic Steatohepatitis Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1876. [PMID: 39200340 PMCID: PMC11351628 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH) is a major disease worldwide whose effective treatment is challenging. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily and function as ligand-activated transcription factors. To date, three distinct subtypes of PPARs have been characterized: PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ. PPARα and PPARγ are crucial regulators of lipid metabolism that modulate the transcription of genes involved in fatty acid (FA), bile acid, and cholesterol metabolism. Many PPAR agonists, including natural (FAs, eicosanoids, and phospholipids) and synthetic (fibrate, thiazolidinedione, glitazar, and elafibranor) agonists, have been developed. Furthermore, recent advancements in nanoparticles (NPs) have led to the development of new strategies for MASLD/MASH therapy. This review discusses the applications of specific cell-targeted NPs and highlights the potential of PPARα- and PPARγ-targeted NP drug delivery systems for MASLD/MASH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Thai Vu
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Osaka, Japan; (H.T.V.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Vien Duc Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Osaka, Japan; (H.T.V.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Hiroko Ikenaga
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Matsubara
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Osaka, Japan; (H.T.V.); (V.D.N.)
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai 599-8570, Osaka, Japan
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4
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Al-Busafi SA, Al Balushi AS, Al Shuaili HH, Mahmood DA, Al Alawi AM. Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Impact on Fibrosis Risk in Inactive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4738. [PMID: 39200880 PMCID: PMC11355821 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are significant causes of chronic liver disease, potentially leading to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, the coexistence of CHB and NAFLD is increasingly common, although the relationship between NAFLD and inactive CHB infection remains poorly understood. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD among patients with inactive CHB, identify risk factors for NAFLD, and determine predictors of significant fibrosis in these patients. Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study targeted patients with inactive CHB at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from January 2010 to November 2021. Results: A total of 425 patients with inactive CHB were identified, of which 53.1% were male and 62.6% were aged 40-60 years. The prevalence of NAFLD was 47.8%. Various independent factors were associated with NAFLD, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, elevated low-density lipoprotein levels, high hemoglobin levels, low platelet counts, and normal alpha-fetoprotein levels. Significant associations were noted between NAFLD and significant fibrosis, with 10.5% of CHB patients with NAFLD exhibiting significant fibrosis compared to 1.4% of those without NAFLD. Other significant parameters included male gender, increased age, high alanine transaminase levels, elevated hemoglobin, and decreased platelet levels. Conclusions: The high prevalence of NAFLD in patients with inactive CHB and its associations with increased fibrosis and cirrhosis risk underscore the need for comprehensive management strategies for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said A. Al-Busafi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Amna S. Al Balushi
- Internal Medicine Program, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat 130, Oman
| | | | | | - Abdullah M. Al Alawi
- Internal Medicine Program, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat 130, Oman
- Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat 123, Oman
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5
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Petermann-Rocha F, Zhou Z, Mathers JC, Celis-Morales C, Raubenheimer D, Sattar N, Pell JP, Forrest E, Ho FK. Diet modifies the association between alcohol consumption and severe alcohol-related liver disease incidence. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6880. [PMID: 39128919 PMCID: PMC11317484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
It is elusive why some heavy drinkers progress to severe alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) while others do not. This study aimed to investigate if the association between alcohol consumption and severe ALD is modified by diet. This prospective study included 303,269 UK Biobank participants. Alcohol consumption and diet were self-reported. The diet score was created from 4 items selected using LASSO. Cox proportional hazard model showed that the diet score was monotonically associated with severe ALD risk, adjusted for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and alcohol consumption. Relative excess risk due to interaction analysis indicated that having a higher ALD diet score and a higher alcohol consumption simultaneously confers to 2.44 times (95% CI: 1.06-3.83) higher risk than the sum of excess risk of each factor. In this work, we show that people who have a poor diet might be more susceptible to severe ALD due to alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Human Performance Laboratory, Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Unit, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina de Altura (CEIMA), Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ewan Forrest
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary; University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Frederick K Ho
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Cao J, Gorwood P, Ramoz N, Viltart O. The Role of Central and Peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as a Biomarker of Anorexia Nervosa Reconceptualized as a Metabo-Psychiatric Disorder. Nutrients 2024; 16:2617. [PMID: 39203753 PMCID: PMC11357464 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors play pivotal roles in shaping brain development and function, with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) emerging as a key regulator in various physiological processes. This review explores the intricate relationship between BDNF and anorexia nervosa (AN), a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by disordered eating behaviors and severe medical consequences. Beginning with an overview of BDNF's fundamental functions in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, the review delves into recent clinical and preclinical evidence implicating BDNF in the pathophysiology of AN. Specifically, it examines the impact of BDNF polymorphisms, such as the Val66Met variant, on AN susceptibility, prognosis, and treatment response. Furthermore, the review discusses the interplay between BDNF and stress-related mood disorders, shedding light on the mechanisms underlying AN vulnerability to stress events. Additionally, it explores the involvement of BDNF in metabolic regulation, highlighting its potential implications for understanding the metabolic disturbances observed in AN. Through a comprehensive analysis of clinical data and animal studies, the review elucidates the nuanced role of BDNF in AN etiology and prognosis, emphasizing its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Finally, the review discusses limitations and future directions in BDNF research, underscoring the need for further investigations to elucidate the complex interplay between BDNF signaling and AN pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Cao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1266, F-75014 Paris, France (O.V.)
| | - Philip Gorwood
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1266, F-75014 Paris, France (O.V.)
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1266, F-75014 Paris, France (O.V.)
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, CMME, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Odile Viltart
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1266, F-75014 Paris, France (O.V.)
- SCALab Laboratory, PsySEF Faculty, Université de Lille, UMR CNRS 9193, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
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7
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Szilagyi A. Is Increased Caloric Intake a Feature of NAFLD Regardless of the Presence of Obesity. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:1748-1749. [PMID: 37714398 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Szilagyi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Nguyen AT, Masuda M, Mori Y, Adachi Y, Fukuda T, Furuichi A, Takikawa M, Tsuda Y, Hamada Y, Maruyama Y, Ohminami H, Ohnishi K, Taketani Y. All-trans retinoic acid induces lipophagy by reducing Rubicon in Hepa1c1c7 cells. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100598. [PMID: 39032560 PMCID: PMC11381443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a metabolite of vitamin A, reduces hepatic lipid accumulation in liver steatosis model animals. Lipophagy, a new lipolysis pathway, degrades a lipid droplet (LD) via autophagy in adipose tissue and the liver. We recently found that atRA induces lipophagy in adipocytes. However, it remains unclear whether atRA induces lipophagy in hepatocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of atRA on lipophagy in Hepa1c1c7 cells and the liver of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). First, we confirmed that atRA induced autophagy in Hepa1c1c7 cells by Western blotting and the GFP-LC3-mCherry probe. Next, we evaluated the lipolysis in fatty Hepa1c1c7 cells treated with the knockdown of Atg5, an essential gene in autophagy induction. Atg5-knockdown partly suppressed the atRA-induced lipolysis in fatty Hepa1c1c7 cells. We also found that atRA reduced the protein, but not mRNA, expression of Rubicon, a negative regulator of autophagy, in Hepa1c1c7 cells and the liver of HFD-fed mice. Rubicon-knockdown partly inhibited the atRA-induced lipolysis in fatty Hepa1c1c7 cells. In addition, atRA reduced hepatic Rubicon expression in young mice, but the effect of atRA on it diminished in aged mice. Finally, we investigated the mechanism underlying reduced Rubicon protein expression by atRA in hepatocytes. A protein synthesis inhibitor, but not proteasome or lysosomal inhibitors, significantly blocked the reduction of Rubicon protein expression by atRA in Hepa1c1c7 cells. These results suggest that atRA may promote lipophagy in fatty hepatocytes by reducing hepatic Rubicon expression via inhibiting protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh The Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Yuki Mori
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Adachi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Teppei Fukuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Airi Furuichi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaki Takikawa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Hamada
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohminami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kohta Ohnishi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushma, Tokushima, Japan
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9
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Feng X, Huang N, Wu Y, Gao F, Chen X, Zhang C, Zhang B, Sun T. Alcoholic Liver Disease in China: A Disease Influenced by Complex Social Factors That Should Not Be Neglected. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:677-684. [PMID: 38993514 PMCID: PMC11233974 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2024.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses liver damage caused by chronic, excessive alcohol consumption. It manifests initially as marked hepatocellular steatosis and can progress to steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. With China's rapid economic growth, coupled with a complex social background and the influence of a deleterious wine culture, the number of patients with ALD in China has increased significantly; the disease has become a social and health problem that cannot be ignored. In this review, we briefly described the social factors affecting ALD in China and elaborated on differences between alcoholic and other liver diseases in terms of complications (e.g., cirrhosis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma, addiction, and other extrahepatic diseases). We also emphasized that ALD was more dangerous and difficult to treat than other liver diseases due to its complications, and that precise and effective treatment measures were lacking. In addition, we considered new ideas and treatment methods that may be generated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Feng
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nafei Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqin Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyi Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Rudolph EL, Chin L. Mechanobiology in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Obesity. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7134-7146. [PMID: 39057066 PMCID: PMC11276231 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With the ongoing obesity epidemic, the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is expected to rise and necessitates a greater understanding of how the disease proceeds from benign excess lipid in hepatocytes to liver fibrosis and eventually to liver cancer. MASLD is caused, at least in part, by hepatocytes' storage of free fatty acids (FAs) that dysfunctional adipocytes are no longer able to store, and therefore, MASLD is a disease that involves both the liver and adipose tissues. The disease progression is not only facilitated by biochemical signals, but also by mechanical cues such as the increase in stiffness often seen with fibrotic fatty livers. The change in stiffness and accumulation of excess lipid droplets impact the ability of a cell to mechanosense and mechanotranduce, which perpetuates the disease. A mechanosensitive protein that is largely unexplored and could serve as a potential therapeutic target is the intermediate filament vimentin. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent research on hepatocyte and adipocyte mechanobiology and provide a synopsis of studies on the varied, and sometimes contradictory, roles of vimentin. This review is intended to benefit and encourage future studies on hepatocyte and adipocyte mechanobiology in the context of MASLD and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - LiKang Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, PA 19013, USA;
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11
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Castellano-Castillo D, Núñez-Sánchez MÁ, Balaguer-Román A, Martínez-Sánchez MA, Fernández-Ruiz VE, Ferrer-Gómez M, Martínez CM, Frutos MD, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Cardona F, Ramos-Molina B. The role of PCSK9 in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and its impact on bariatric surgery outcomes. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2024; 20:652-659. [PMID: 38490825 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely tied to obesity. The degree ranges from steatosis (MASL) and steatohepatitis (MASH) to liver cirrhosis. PCSK9 controls cholesterol and lipid particle transport to the liver. PCSK9 might interfere with the pathophysiology of MASLD and bariatric surgery (BS) outcomes of patients with MASLD. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the relationship between serum and hepatic PCSK9 levels with the degree of MASLD and the metabolic outcome of BS. SETTING University Hospital, Spain. METHODS A total of 110 patients with obesity undergoing BS were classified according to liver histology as controls, MAS, and MASH. PCSK9 levels in serum were measured before and 6 months after BS using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PCSK9 protein and mRNA levels in liver tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS Hepatic PCSK9 protein levels were diminished in MASL and MASH compared with patients without MASLD and showed a strong negative association with MASLD severity scores. Liver PCSK9 mRNA was higher in MASH compared with controls and MASL and showed positive associations with MASLD severity scores. There were no differences in serum PCSK9 pre or postBS between the groups. Pre- and postsurgery serum PCSK9 positively correlated with cholesterol fold-changes and body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein -cholesterol fold-changes, respectively. PCSK9 fold-change positively correlated with BMI changes and was the sole variable explaining BMI fold changes in a regression model. CONCLUSIONS PCSK9 mRNA and protein in the liver might be associated with the degree of MASLD. Serum PCSK9 may be associated with cholesterol and/or BMI fold changes. Serum changes of PCSK9 after BS could explain BMI loss outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Intercenter Medical Oncology Clinical Management Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA)-CIMES/University of Malaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain.
| | | | - Andrés Balaguer-Román
- Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Virginia Esperanza Fernández-Ruiz
- Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ferrer-Gómez
- Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Manuel Martínez
- Experimental Pathology Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Frutos
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Intercenter Medical Oncology Clinical Management Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA)-CIMES/University of Malaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Biochemistry, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga (UMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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12
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Hussein AL, Nema DT, Nasir GA. Evaluation of the role of some non-enzymatic antioxidants among Iraqi patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220881. [PMID: 38947767 PMCID: PMC11211876 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in individuals consuming little or no alcohol, has become highly prevalent globally. Oxidative stress plays a central role in instigating inflammation and cell death pathways driving NAFLD progression. This case-control study aimed to elucidate the association between circulating levels of the pivotal non-enzymatic antioxidants - coenzyme Q10 and vitamins E and C - and liver injury parameters among 60 Iraqi NAFLD patients versus 30 healthy controls. NAFLD diagnosis entailed over 5% hepatic steatosis on ultrasound excluding other etiologies. Patients spanned three age groups: 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49. Substantially diminished antioxidant levels concurrent with elevated alkaline phosphatase enzyme were unveiled in NAFLD patients relative to controls (all p < 0.001). Age-based analysis reinforced widespread antioxidant depletion and liver enzyme augmentation across NAFLD patients. Significant correlations also emerged between antioxidants and liver parameters. Our novel observations confirm an antioxidant inadequacy likely perpetuating pathogenic oxidative reactions in NAFLD. Restoring such deficits through lifestyle or therapeutic interventions may confer preventative and disease-modifying value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar L. Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Dunia T. Nema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gulboy A. Nasir
- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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13
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Alqahtani S, Al-Raddadi R, Ajabnoor G, Alraddadi Z, Alahmadi J, Alhabash A, Hakim R, Alseraihi L, Bahijri S. Usefulness of Neck Circumference, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Saudi Population Without Type 2 Diabetes. Nutr Metab Insights 2024; 17:11786388241259942. [PMID: 38911904 PMCID: PMC11193350 DOI: 10.1177/11786388241259942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Early identification and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) could reduce overall mortality. Anthropometric measurements offer a simple and cost-effective method to potentially improve early detection of NAFLD and prevent its complications. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD using the fatty liver index (FLI) and evaluate the effectiveness of certain anthropometric measurements in predicting NAFLD as diagnosed by FLI. Method A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 1264 Saudi population without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) non-alcoholic individuals at primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Jeddah city. Measurements included triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Measurements for neck circumference (NC), and calculations for weight-to-height ratio (WHtR) and weight-to-hip ratio (WHpR), along with FLI, were performed. NAFLD was identified in individuals with an FLI ⩾60. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to assess the accuracy of WHtR, WHpR, and NC in detecting NAFLD, with Youden's index determining the optimal cutoff points for these 3 indices. Result The prevalence of NAFLD was found to be 30.9%. Among the markers, WHtR emerged as the most significant in indicating NAFLD, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.916; whereas NC and WHpR exhibited identical AUC values of 0.783. WHtR demonstrated superior diagnostic efficacy for identifying elevated FLI, with gender-specific cutoff values established at >0.57 for females and >0.61 for males. In all 3 markers, females exhibited higher sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) compared to males. Conclusion WHtR could serve as a useful tool in the initial clinical screening for NAFLD among Saudi population without T2DM to identify those who may benefit from more comprehensive testing. Further local studies are warranted to confirm the levels of accuracy and the calculated cutoffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
| | - Ghada Ajabnoor
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Alraddadi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Stem Cell and Tissue Re-engineering Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alahmadi
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Alhabash
- Department of General Surgery, King Faisal Hospital Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehad Hakim
- Ibn Sina College Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Suhad Bahijri
- Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group- King Fahd Medical Research Center
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Li X, Morel JD, Sulc J, De Masi A, Lalou A, Benegiamo G, Poisson J, Liu Y, Von Alvensleben GVG, Gao AW, Bou Sleiman M, Auwerx J. Systems genetics of metabolic health in the BXD mouse genetic reference population. Cell Syst 2024; 15:497-509.e3. [PMID: 38866010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS) is dependent on genetics, environment, and gene-by-environment interactions, rendering the study of underlying mechanisms challenging. The majority of experiments in model organisms do not incorporate genetic variation and lack specific evaluation criteria for MetS. Here, we derived a continuous metric, the metabolic health score (MHS), based on standard clinical parameters and defined its molecular signatures in the liver and circulation. In human UK Biobank, the MHS associated with MetS status and was predictive of future disease incidence, even in individuals without MetS. Using quantitative trait locus analyses in mice, we found two MHS-associated genetic loci and replicated them in unrelated mouse populations. Through a prioritization scheme in mice and human genetic data, we identified TNKS and MCPH1 as candidates mediating differences in the MHS. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms sustaining metabolic health across species and uncover likely regulators. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-David Morel
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Sulc
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessia De Masi
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amélia Lalou
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgia Benegiamo
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanne Poisson
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yasmine Liu
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo V G Von Alvensleben
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arwen W Gao
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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15
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Xiao S, Wang XB, Yang Y, Wang Q. Diagnostic role of SPP1 and collagen IV in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with MASLD. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13943. [PMID: 38886539 PMCID: PMC11183142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) leads to an increasing incidence of liver injury year by year, and patients are at a significantly higher risk of developing cirrhosis or even liver failure. No drugs have emerged to specifically treat this disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms and causative hub genes of type 2 diabetes combined with MASLD. The data were obtained through the GEO platform for bioinformatics analysis and validated by in vitro experiments to find the causative targets of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD, which will provide some theoretical basis for the development of future therapeutic drugs. GSE23343 and GSE49541 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD for functional enrichment analysis. And STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) and hub gene networks. And GO (gene ontology, GO) analysis and KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on target genes. A total of 185 co-expressed DEGs were obtained by differential analysis, and 20 key genes involved in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes were finally screened. These 20 key genes were involved in 529 GO enrichment results and 20 KEGG enrichment results, and were mainly associated with ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion, Human papillomavirus infection, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. A total of two target genes (SPP1, collagen IV) were found to be highly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD. Real time PCR results showed that there was a significant difference in SPP1 and collagen IV mRNA expression among the three groups (P < 0.05). SPP1 and Collagen IV may be candidate biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with MASLD, as verified by bioinformatics screening and in vitro experiments. Our findings provide new targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes combined with MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Bei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830063, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Geriatrics and Cadre Ward, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 38, South Lake East Road North Second Lane, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, 830063, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Cadre Ward, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 38, South Lake East Road North Second Lane, Shuimogou District, Urumqi, 830063, Xinjiang, China.
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16
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Mai Z, Chen Y, Mao H, Wang L. Association between the skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017-2018. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13569. [PMID: 38751375 PMCID: PMC11096813 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Previous studies have shown that sarcopenic obesity (SO) was associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, research is limited in the context of the NAFLD renamed as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) defined by updated diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to use the index skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SVR) to describe SO in a large and representative US population (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018) of adults and investigate their association with MASLD. METHODS A total of 2087 individuals were included in the analysis. SVR was calculated according to the measurement of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and MASLD was diagnosed with controlled attenuation parameter scores and cardiometabolic risk factors. SVR was divided into tertiles. Logistic regression adjusted for confounders was used to evaluate the association between SVR and MASLD. Several sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of our findings. RESULTS In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a significant association between SVR and MASLD was shown (odds ratio [OR]: 3.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-7.39, p = .010 for middle levels of SVR; OR: 3.82, 95% CI: 1.45-10.08, p = .007 for lowest levels of SVR). The sensitivity analyses confirmed that the association was robust. CONCLUSION Our findings imply that decreased SVR is linked to MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Mai
- Department of GastroenterologyZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)ShenzhenChina
| | - Yinfei Chen
- Department of EndocrinologyZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hua Mao
- Department of GastroenterologyZhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)ShenzhenChina
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17
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Zhou J, Liang T, Xing F, Li X. Probabilistic Scatter Plots for visualizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism states in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102365. [PMID: 38703816 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by dysregulated carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which are its primary features. However, traditional biochemical markers pose challenges for accurate quantification and visualization of metabolic states. This study introduces a novel states-based approach for accurate NAFLD assessment. METHODS Joint probabilistic distributions of triglycerides and glycemia were constructed using dual-indicator Probabilistic Scatter Plots based on clinical data (healthy controls: n = 1978; NAFLD patients: n = 471). Patterns of metabolic dysregulation were revealed through comparison against healthy profiles. Self-organizing feature mapping (SOFM) clustered the distributions into four dominant states. RESULTS Healthy scatter plots demonstrated a distinct progression of sub-states ranging from very healthy to sub-healthy. In contrast, NAFLD plots exhibited shifted probability centers and outward divergence. SOFM clustering classified the states into: mild; moderate and severe lipid metabolism disorders; and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. CONCLUSIONS Probabilistic Scatter Plots, when combined with SOFM clustering, facilitate a states-based quantification of NAFLD metabolic dysregulation. This method integrates multi-dimensional biochemical indicators and their distributions into a cohesive framework, enabling precise and intuitive visualization for personalized diagnosis and monitoring of prognostic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhou
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tengxiao Liang
- Fever Clinics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fangliang Xing
- Beijing Intelligent Entropy Science & Technology Co Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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18
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Popov J, Despot T, Avelar Rodriguez D, Khan I, Mech E, Khan M, Bojadzija M, Pai N. Implications of Microbiota and Immune System in Development and Progression of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:1668. [PMID: 38892602 PMCID: PMC11175128 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent type of liver disease worldwide. The exact pathophysiology behind MASLD remains unclear; however, it is thought that a combination of factors or "hits" act as precipitants for disease onset and progression. Abundant evidence supports the roles of diet, genes, metabolic dysregulation, and the intestinal microbiome in influencing the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes and subsequent progression to inflammation and fibrosis. Currently, there is no cure for MASLD, but lifestyle changes have been the prevailing cornerstones of management. Research is now focusing on the intestinal microbiome as a potential therapeutic target for MASLD, with the spotlight shifting to probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. In this review, we provide an overview of how intestinal microbiota interact with the immune system to contribute to the pathogenesis of MASLD and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). We also summarize key microbial taxa implicated in the disease and discuss evidence supporting microbial-targeted therapies in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Popov
- Boston Combined Residency Program, Boston Children’s Hospital & Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Tijana Despot
- College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland; (T.D.); (I.K.)
| | - David Avelar Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E8, Canada;
| | - Irfan Khan
- College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland; (T.D.); (I.K.)
| | - Eugene Mech
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 C1P1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Mahrukh Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Milan Bojadzija
- Department of Internal Medicine, Subotica General Hospital, 24000 Subotica, Serbia;
| | - Nikhil Pai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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19
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Feng SS, Wang SJ, Guo L, Ma PP, Ye XL, Pan ML, Hang B, Mao JH, Snijders AM, Lu YB, Ding DF. Serum bile acid and unsaturated fatty acid profiles of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:898-913. [PMID: 38766436 PMCID: PMC11099371 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i5.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The understanding of bile acid (BA) and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) profiles, as well as their dysregulation, remains elusive in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) coexisting with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Investigating these metabolites could offer valuable insights into the pathophy-siology of NAFLD in T2DM. AIM To identify potential metabolite biomarkers capable of distinguishing between NAFLD and T2DM. METHODS A training model was developed involving 399 participants, comprising 113 healthy controls (HCs), 134 individuals with T2DM without NAFLD, and 152 individuals with T2DM and NAFLD. External validation encompassed 172 participants. NAFLD patients were divided based on liver fibrosis scores. The analytical approach employed univariate testing, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and decision curve analysis to pinpoint and assess the diagnostic value of serum biomarkers. RESULTS Compared to HCs, both T2DM and NAFLD groups exhibited diminished levels of specific BAs. In UFAs, particular acids exhibited a positive correlation with NAFLD risk in T2DM, while the ω-6:ω-3 UFA ratio demonstrated a negative correlation. Levels of α-linolenic acid and γ-linolenic acid were linked to significant liver fibrosis in NAFLD. The validation cohort substantiated the predictive efficacy of these biomarkers for assessing NAFLD risk in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION This study underscores the connection between altered BA and UFA profiles and the presence of NAFLD in individuals with T2DM, proposing their potential as biomarkers in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Su Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Si-Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pan-Pan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Long Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming-Lin Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Hang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Antoine M Snijders
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Yi-Bing Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Da-Fa Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
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20
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Amini-Salehi E, Hassanipour S, Keivanlou MH, Shahdkar M, Orang Goorabzarmakhi M, Vakilpour A, Joukar F, Hashemi M, Sattari N, Javid M, Mansour-Ghanaei F. The impact of gut microbiome-targeted therapy on liver enzymes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an umbrella meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:815-830. [PMID: 37550264 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. To date, no confirmed medication is available for the treatment of NAFLD. Previous studies showed the promising effects of gut microbiome-targeted therapies; however, the results were controversial and the strength of the evidence and their clinical significance remained unclear. OBJECTIVES This umbrella study summarizes the results of meta-analyses investigating the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on liver enzymes in the NAFLD population. DATA SOURCE A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was done up to December 20, 2022, to find meta-analyses on randomized control trials reporting the effects of gut microbial therapy on patients with NAFLD. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent investigators extracted data on the characteristics of meta-analyses, and any discrepancies were resolved by a third researcher. The AMSTAR2 checklist was used for evaluating the quality of studies. DATA ANALYSIS A final total of 15 studies were included in the analysis. Results showed that microbiome-targeted therapies could significantly reduce levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT; effect size [ES], -10.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], -13.29, -7.14; P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; ES, -8.86; 95%CI, -11.39, -6.32; P < 0.001), and γ-glutamyltransferase (ES, -5.56; 95%CI, -7.92, -3.31; P < 0.001) in patients with NAFLD. Results of subgroup analysis based on intervention showed probiotics could significantly reduce levels of AST (ES, -8.69; 95%CI, -11.01, -6.37; P < 0.001) and ALT (ES, -9.82; 95%CI, -11.59, -8.05; P < 0.001). Synbiotics could significantly reduce levels of AST (ES, -11.40; 95%CI, -13.91, -8.88; P < 0.001) and ALT (ES, -11.87; 95%CI, -13.80, -9.95; P < 0.001). Prebiotics had no significant effects on AST and ALT levels (ES, -2.96; 95%CI, -8.12, 2.18, P = 0.259; and ES, -4.69; 95%CI, -13.53, 4.15, P = 0.299, respectively). CONCLUSION Gut microbiome-targeted therapies could be a promising therapeutic approach in the improvement of hepatic damage in patients with NAFLD. However, more studies are needed to better determine the best bacterial strains, duration of treatment, and optimum dosage of gut microbiome-targeted therapies in the treatment of the NAFLD population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022346998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Amini-Salehi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Milad Shahdkar
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Azin Vakilpour
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nazila Sattari
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Hosseini SA, Shayesteh AA, Hashemi SJ, Rahimi Z, Saki N, Bavi Behbahani H, Cheraghian B, Alipour M. The association between healthy eating index-2015 with anthropometric, cardiometabolic and hepatic indices among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:159. [PMID: 38724894 PMCID: PMC11084087 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders are common problems among participants with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the association between these problems and the healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) remains unknown. Although the HEI-2015 originated from American dietary guidelines, its comprehensive evaluation of diet quality provides valuable insights for various populations, including Iranians. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between anthropometric, hepatic, and cardio-metabolic indices with HEI-2015 scores in participants with NAFLD. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study, which included adults aged 35 to 70 years between 2016 and 2018. A total of 664 participant with NAFLD (452 females and 212 males) were included in the analysis. The HEI-2015 was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Various indices, including the body shape index (ABSI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), cardiometabolic index (CMI), lipoprotein combine index (LCI), AST/ALT ratio, ALD/NAFLD index, and hepatic steatosis index (HSI), were calculated. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in anthropometric, cardio-metabolic, and hepatic indices across the quartiles of HEI-2015. However, among participants with NAFLD, men had significantly higher AIP and LCI levels, while women had significantly higher BMI, ABSI, VAI, LAP, and CMI levels. Additionally, women with NAFLD exhibited higher AST/ALT and HSI levels but lower ALD/NAFLD levels compared to men with NAFLD. Linear regression analysis among men with NAFLD revealed a significant negative correlation between HEI-2015 score and HSI in both the unadjusted model (β=-0.131, SE = 0.058, p = 0.024) and the adjusted model for energy intake (β=-0.129, SE = 0.058, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated a correlation between lower HEI-2015 scores and an increased risk of steatosis in men with NAFLD. Moreover, our findings highlighted gender-related differences in NAFLD and cardio-metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shayesteh
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimi
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Saki
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Bavi Behbahani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Meysam Alipour
- Department of Nutrition, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran.
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22
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Igissin N, Orazbayev D, Telmanova Z, Kudaibergenova I, Mamatov N, Bilyalova Z, Igissinova G, Rustemova K, Turebayev D, Jexenova A, Adaibayev K, Sayakov U, Dzhumabayeva F, Muratbekova S, Sitnikova L, Syzdykov N, Shishkin I, Kozhakhmet K. Liver Cancer Incidence in Kazakhstan: Fifteen-Year Retrospective Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:1763-1775. [PMID: 38809649 PMCID: PMC11318810 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.5.1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to study the trends of liver cancer (LC) incidence in the regional context in Kazakhstan. METHODS The retrospective study was done using descriptive and analytical methods of oncoepidemiology. The extensive, crude and age-specific incidence rates are determined according to the generally accepted methodology used in sanitary statistics. The data were used to calculate the average percentage change (APС) using the Joinpoint regression analysis to determine the trend over the study period. RESULTS Between 2005 and 2019, 13,510 cases of LC were documented, comprising 59.3% males and 40.7% females. Most diagnoses were seen in age groups 55-59 years (13.3%) to 75-79 years (11.7%). LC patients' average age increased from 63.6 to 64.5 years. Incidence rates per 100,000 peaked at ages 65-69 years (35.1±1.0) and 70-74 years (43.3±1.0). LC incidence notably rose in the 70-74 years age group (APC=+0.89), contrasting with declining trends in younger age groups. Regional incidence variations revealed diverse patterns, mostly demonstrating unimodal increases, and some regions displaying bimodal growth. The age-standardized incidence rate was 5.7±0.1 per 100,000, declining from 2005 to 2012 (APC: -3.93), then rising until 2019 (APC: +1.13). Gender-specific standardized rates showed varied trends. Analyses of standardized indicators indicated declining trends in most regions but increased values in specific areas. Thematic maps classified incidence rates based on standardized indicators: low (up to 5.22), average (5.22 to 7.11), high (above 7.11 per 100,000 for the entire population). CONCLUSION The study on liver cancer in Kazakhstan reveals marked gender and age differences. The standardized incidence rate among men was twofold greater than that among women. A distinct rise in cases was noted among individuals aged 70-74 years. Regional variations in incidence were evident. These findings emphasize the necessity for focused research to comprehend the causes behind these differences, enabling customized interventions for Kazakhstan's population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbek Igissin
- Research Institute of Life and Health Sciences, Higher School of Medicine, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan.
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | - Didar Orazbayev
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | | | - Indira Kudaibergenova
- Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | - Niyazbek Mamatov
- Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | - Zarina Bilyalova
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | - Gulnur Igissinova
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Kulsara Rustemova
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Dulat Turebayev
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | | | - Kairat Adaibayev
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Umetaly Sayakov
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | | | - Svetlana Muratbekova
- Higher School of Medicine, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan.
| | | | - Nariman Syzdykov
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
- Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan”, Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Ivan Shishkin
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Higher School of Medicine, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan.
| | - Karina Kozhakhmet
- Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Higher School of Medicine, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan.
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23
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Parveen R, Hussain S, Saini S, Khan P, Saha N, Nidhi. Effect of ipragliflozin on liver enzymes in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:925-935. [PMID: 38804904 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2360078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is estimated to affect upto 70-80% of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although several anti-hyperglycemic drugs have been shown to be effective in such patients, there remains an unmet need for newer drugs. The objective of this meta-analysis was to analyze the effect of ipragliflozin on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels in patients with T2DM. METHODS A literature search on electronic databases was conducted to identify potential randomized clinical trials (RCT) as per predetermined study selection criteria. Mean difference (MD) was calculated using Cochrane review manager. RESULTS Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis, including 1349 subjects. Compared to the control group, ipragliflozin as a monotherapy showed a significant reduction in levels of ALT at week 12 (p = 0.02) and at week 24 (p = 0.007), GGT at week 12 (p < 0.00001). Ipragliflozin as an add-on therapy showed significant reduction in levels of AST at week 24 (p < 0.00001), ALT at week 12 (p = 0.002), ALT at week 24 (p < 0.00001), and GGT at week 24 (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION Findings suggest the beneficial effects of ipragliflozin on liver enzymes. Further large-scale RCTs are required to confirm ipragliflozin's role for liver-related conditions in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Parveen
- Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard School of Chemical & Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shadan Hussain
- Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard School of Chemical & Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sparsh Saini
- Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard School of Chemical & Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Parvej Khan
- Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard School of Chemical & Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nilanjan Saha
- Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard School of Chemical & Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi
- Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard School of Chemical & Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Mukhopadhyay B, Marietta C, Shen PH, Oiseni A, Mirshahi F, Mazzu M, Hodgkinson C, Winkler E, Yuan Q, Miranda D, Kunos G, Sanyal AJ, Goldman D. A patient-based iPSC-derived hepatocyte model of alcohol-associated cirrhosis reveals bioenergetic insights into disease pathogenesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2869. [PMID: 38693144 PMCID: PMC11063145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47085-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Only ~20% of heavy drinkers develop alcohol cirrhosis (AC). While differences in metabolism, inflammation, signaling, microbiome signatures and genetic variations have been tied to the pathogenesis of AC, the key underlying mechanisms for this interindividual variability, remain to be fully elucidated. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes (iHLCs) from patients with AC and healthy controls differ transcriptomically, bioenergetically and histologically. They include a greater number of lipid droplets (LDs) and LD-associated mitochondria compared to control cells. These pre-pathologic indicators are effectively reversed by Aramchol, an inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Bioenergetically, AC iHLCs have lower spare capacity, slower ATP production and their mitochondrial fuel flexibility towards fatty acids and glutamate is weakened. MARC1 and PNPLA3, genes implicated by GWAS in alcohol cirrhosis, show to correlate with lipid droplet-associated and mitochondria-mediated oxidative damage in AC iHLCs. Knockdown of PNPLA3 expression exacerbates mitochondrial deficits and leads to lipid droplets alterations. These findings suggest that differences in mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipid droplet formation are intrinsic to AC hepatocytes and can play a role in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bani Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cheryl Marietta
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pei-Hong Shen
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Abdul Oiseni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Faridoddin Mirshahi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Maria Mazzu
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Colin Hodgkinson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eli Winkler
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Qiaoping Yuan
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Miranda
- Aivia Machine Learning Team, Leica Microsystems, Inc, Deerfield, IL, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - David Goldman
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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25
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Chen Y, Xie C, Lei Y, Ye D, Wang L, Xiong F, Wu H, He Q, Zhou H, Li L, Xing J, Wang C, Zheng M. Theabrownin from Qingzhuan tea prevents high-fat diet-induced MASLD via regulating intestinal microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116582. [PMID: 38642504 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the therapeutic effect of theabrownin extracted from Qingzhuan tea (QTB) on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease (MASLD) is related to the regulation of intestinal microbiota and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Mice were divided into four groups and received normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD+QTB (180, 360 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. The results showed that QTB significantly reduced the body weight of HFD mice, ameliorated liver lipid and dyslipidemia, and increased the level of intestinal SCFAs in HFD mice. The results of 16 S rRNA showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Blautia and Lachnoclostridium and their main metabolites acetate and propionate were significantly increased after QTB intervention. The relative abundance of Colidextribacter, Faecalibaculum and Lactobacillus was significantly reduced. QTB can also significantly up-regulate the expression of ATGL, PPARα, FFAR2 and FFAR3, and inhibit the expression of LXRα, SREBP-1c, FAS and HMGCR genes. This makes it possible to act as a prebiotic to prevent MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yining Lei
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Le Wang
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Xianning Public Inspection Center of Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qiang He
- Xianning Public Inspection Center of Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Hongfu Zhou
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ling Li
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jun Xing
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Cai Wang
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China.
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26
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Kim DK, Rajan P, Cuong DM, Choi JH, Yoon TH, Go GM, Lee JW, Noh SW, Choi HK, Cho SK. Melosira nummuloides Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury by Affecting Metabolic Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8476-8490. [PMID: 38588403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Melosira nummuloides is a microalga with a nutritionally favorable polyunsaturated fatty acid profile. In the present study, M. nummuloides ethanol extract (MNE) was administered to chronic-binge alcohol-fed mice and alcohol-treated HepG2 cells, and its hepatoprotective effects and underlying mechanisms were investigated. MNE administration reduced triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), and liver injury markers, including aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), in the serum of chronic-binge alcohol-fed mice. However, MNE administration increased the levels of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK/AMPK) and PPARα, which was accompanied by a decrease in SREBP-1; this indicates that MNE can inhibit adipogenesis and improve fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, MNE administration upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1, and GPX, and ameliorated alcohol-induced inflammation by repressing the Akt/NFκB/COX-2 pathway. Metabolomic analysis revealed that MNE treatment modulated many lipid metabolites in alcohol-treated HepG2 cells. Our study findings provide evidence for the efficacy and mechanisms of MNE in ameliorating alcohol-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Kyeong Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Priyanka Rajan
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Manh Cuong
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyeon Yoon
- College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyung Min Go
- JDKBIO lnc., Jeju-si, Jeju 63023, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Wook Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka K, Maciejewska-Markiewicz D, Sykulski M, Gruszczyńska A, Herman-Iżycka J, Wyleżoł M, Katarzyna Petriczko K, Palma J, Jakubczyk K, Janda-Milczarek K, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Stachowska E. Gut Microbiome-How Does Two-Month Consumption of Fiber-Enriched Rolls Change Microbiome in Patients Suffering from MASLD? Nutrients 2024; 16:1173. [PMID: 38674864 PMCID: PMC11053994 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global problem which commonly affects patients with co-existing diseases/conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. The effective treatment of MASLD is still limited; however, diet plays a significant role in its management. There are multiple beneficial properties of dietary fiber, including its ability to modify the gut microbiome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of the consumption of fiber-enriched rolls on the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in patients suffering from MASLD. METHODS The participants were recruited according to the inclusion criteria and were required to consume fiber-enriched rolls containing either 6 g or 12 g of fiber. There were three assessment timepoints, when the anthropometric and laboratory parameters were measured, and 16s on nanopore sequencing of the fecal microbiome was conducted. RESULTS Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant phyla in the patients living with MASLD. It was demonstrated that the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) changed after the consumption of fiber-enriched rolls; however, this was strongly associated with both the timepoint and the type of SCFAs-acetate and butyrate. Additionally, the high-fiber diet was related to the increase in phyla diversity (p = 0.006571). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the introduction of an appropriate amount of fiber to the diet seems to be promising for patients suffering from MASLD due to its ability to create an improvement in gut microbiome-related aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (D.M.-M.); (K.J.); (K.J.-M.)
| | - Maciej Sykulski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gruszczyńska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | | | - Mariusz Wyleżoł
- Department of General, Vascular and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Karolina Katarzyna Petriczko
- Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, SPWSZ Hospital, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Karolina Jakubczyk
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (D.M.-M.); (K.J.); (K.J.-M.)
| | - Katarzyna Janda-Milczarek
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (D.M.-M.); (K.J.); (K.J.-M.)
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (D.M.-M.); (K.J.); (K.J.-M.)
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28
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Bao B, Xu S, Sun P, Zheng L. Neutrophil to albumin ratio: a biomarker in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and with liver fibrosis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1368459. [PMID: 38650638 PMCID: PMC11033504 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1368459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Given the high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its potential to progress to liver fibrosis, it is crucial to identify the presence of NAFLD in patients to guide their subsequent management. However, the current availability of non-invasive biomarkers for NAFLD remains limited. Therefore, further investigation is needed to identify and develop non-invasive biomarkers for NAFLD. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 11,883 patients admitted to the Healthcare Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2016 to December 2019 and divided into NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups. Anthropometric and laboratory examination data were collected. The correlations between variables and NAFLD were evaluated using the student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test and binary logistic regression analysis. The predictive ability of these variables for NAFLD was assessed using the areas under the curves (AUCs) of receiver operating characteristics. Results Among the included patients, 3,872 (32.58%) were diagnosed with NAFLD, with 386 (9.97%) individuals having liver fibrosis. Patients with NAFLD exhibited a higher proportion of males, elevated body mass index (BMI), and increased likelihood of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Logistic regression analysis identified the neutrophil to albumin ratio (NAR) as the most promising novel inflammation biomarkers, with the highest AUC value of 0.701, a cut-off value of 0.797, sensitivity of 69.40%, and specificity of 66.00% in identifying the risk of NAFLD. Moreover, NAR demonstrated superior predictive value in identifying NAFLD patients at risk of liver fibrosis, with an AUC value of 0.795, sensitivity of 71.30%, and specificity of 73.60% when NAR reached 1.285. Conclusion These findings highlight that the novel inflammatory biomarker, NAR, is a convenient and easily accessible non-invasive predictor for NAFLD and NAFLD with liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banghe Bao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Tudor MS, Gheorman V, Simeanu GM, Dobrinescu A, Pădureanu V, Dinescu VC, Forțofoiu MC. Evolutive Models, Algorithms and Predictive Parameters for the Progression of Hepatic Steatosis. Metabolites 2024; 14:198. [PMID: 38668326 PMCID: PMC11052048 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of evolutive models and algorithms for predicting the evolution of hepatic steatosis holds immense potential benefits. These computational approaches enable the analysis of complex datasets, capturing temporal dynamics and providing personalized prognostic insights. By optimizing intervention planning and identifying critical transition points, they promise to revolutionize our approach to understanding and managing hepatic steatosis progression, ultimately leading to enhanced patient care and outcomes in clinical settings. This paradigm shift towards a more dynamic, personalized, and comprehensive approach to hepatic steatosis progression signifies a significant advancement in healthcare. The application of evolutive models and algorithms allows for a nuanced characterization of disease trajectories, facilitating tailored interventions and optimizing clinical decision-making. Furthermore, these computational tools offer a framework for integrating diverse data sources, creating a more holistic understanding of hepatic steatosis progression. In summary, the potential benefits encompass the ability to analyze complex datasets, capture temporal dynamics, provide personalized prognostic insights, optimize intervention planning, identify critical transition points, and integrate diverse data sources. The application of evolutive models and algorithms has the potential to revolutionize our understanding and management of hepatic steatosis, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Sînziana Tudor
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.S.T.); (G.-M.S.)
| | - Veronica Gheorman
- Department 3 Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Georgiana-Mihaela Simeanu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.S.T.); (G.-M.S.)
| | - Adrian Dobrinescu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Vlad Pădureanu
- Department 3 Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Venera Cristina Dinescu
- Department of Health Promotion and Occupational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mircea-Cătălin Forțofoiu
- Department 3 Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Clinical Municipal Hospital “Philanthropy” of Craiova, 200143 Craiova, Romania;
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Wu M, Zhu Z, Wan R, Xu J. Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance and metabolic syndrome: A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2003-2018. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123615. [PMID: 38402937 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS) are widespread organic pollutants with endocrine-disrupting effects on human health, but the association of PFAS exposure with metabolic syndrome remains conflicting. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) program was utilized to evaluate the association of individual PFAS exposure and metabolic disorders and further determined the joint effect of PFAS co-exposures. 13921 participants and five PFAS exposures(PFHxS, MPAH, PFDE, PFNA, and PFUA) were included for analysis. The association between individual PFAS and metabolic syndrome varied in the specific PFAS and the specific metabolic disorder examined. PFHxS was negatively associated with obesity(Q4; OR = 0.75; P < 0.001), but positively associated with hyperlipidemia (Q3; OR = 1.2; P = 0.013). PFUA was negatively associated with obesity (Q4; OR = 0.6; P < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (Q3; OR = 0.85; P = 0.03), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, Q4; OR = 0.64; P = 0.015), but positively associated with hyperglycemia(Q3; OR = 1.27; P = 0.004). Furthermore, PFAS co-exposures were negatively associated with obesity(OR = 0.63; P < 0.001) and NAFLD(OR = 0.85; P = 0.021), and positively associated with hyperlipidemia(OR = 1.05; P = 0.022), but not significantly associated with hyperglycemia or hypertension. Overall, there was a negative association between PFAS co-exposures and metabolic severity score(β = -0.15; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis stratified by gender and obesity consistently showed the negative association of PFAS co-exposures with metabolic severity score, and the positive association with hyperlipidemia. However, subgroup analysis showed a negative association with NAFLD in females but not in males, and a negative association with hyperglycemia in the obesity group, but not in the non-obesity group. Collectively, our study showed a negative association of PFAS co-exposures with metabolic syndrome severity score, but did not support a consistent association between PFAS co-exposures and individual components of metabolic syndrome. Additionally, there were gender-specific as well as BMI-specific differences in these associations. Further studies are needed to rule out the reverse causality and clarify the relationship of PFAS co-exposures with the specific metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zewu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rongjun Wan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangyue Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Jiang YJ, Cao YM, Cao YB, Yan TH, Jia CL, He P. A Review: Cytochrome P450 in Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1511-1521. [PMID: 38586542 PMCID: PMC10997053 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s449494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (FALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have similar pathological spectra, both of which are associated with a series of symptoms, including steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. These clinical manifestations are caused by hepatic lipid synthesis and metabolism dysregulation and affect human health. Despite having been studied extensively, targeted therapies remain elusive. The Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) family is the most important drug-metabolising enzyme in the body, primarily in the liver. It is responsible for the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds, completing biological transformation. This process is relevant to the occurrence and development of AFLD and NAFLD. In this review, the correlation between CYP450 and liver lipid metabolic diseases is summarised, providing new insights for the treatment of AFLD and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Jiang
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ming Cao
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Bing Cao
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-Hua Yan
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Lin Jia
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping He
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China
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Goncharov AA, Sasunova AN, Isakov VA. Comparative value of controlled attenuation (CAPc) and continuous controlled attenuation (CAP) parameters for different stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY 2024:55-63. [DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-222-2-55-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Goncharov
- Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety
| | - A. N. Sasunova
- Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety
| | - V. A. Isakov
- Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety
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Rahimlou M, Baghdadi G, Khodi A, Rahimi Z, Saki N, Banaei Jahromi N, Cheraghian B, Tavasolian R, Hosseini SA. Polyphenol consumption and Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6752. [PMID: 38514756 PMCID: PMC10957908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In this cross-sectional investigation, the primary objective was to explore the correlation between the consumption of polyphenols and the likelihood of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the adult population participating in the Hoveyzeh cohort. Data from the Hoveyzeh cohort study, part of the Persian Cohort Study, involving 10,009 adults aged 35-70, were analyzed. Exclusions were made for missing data, extreme energy intake, and liver cancer patients. Dietary habits were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and polyphenol intake was calculated using the Phenol Explorer database. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for confounders, were performed to assess the relationship between polyphenol subclasses (total polyphenols, total flavonoids, phenolic acid, and lignin) and NAFLD. Among 9894 participants, those in the highest quintile of total polyphenol (OR 0.65, CI 0.5-0.84; P = 0.007), phenolic acid (OR 0.67, CI 0.52-0.86; P < 0.001), and lignin intake (OR 0.69, CI 0.52-0.87; P = 0.001) demonstrated lower odds of NAFLD compared to the lowest quintile, even after adjusting for confounding factors. However, no significant association was found between total flavonoid intake and NAFLD (OR 1.26, CI 0.96-1.67; P = 0.47). Subgroup analysis indicated a significant inverse association between total polyphenols and NAFLD in women (OR 0.64, CI 0.42-0.93; P = 0.001). Higher intake of total polyphenols, phenolic acid, and lignin was associated with reduced odds of NAFLD among adults in the Hoveyzeh cohort. This suggests that dietary patterns rich in these polyphenols may play a role in mitigating the risk of NAFLD. Further interventional and longitudinal studies are needed to validate these findings and explore potential preventive strategies involving polyphenol-rich diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Baghdadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khodi
- Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Zahra Rahimi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Saki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Banaei Jahromi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ronia Tavasolian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Yin H, Xiong B, Yu J, Fan Y, Zhou B, Sun Y, Wang L, Xu H, Zhu Y. Interoperator reproducibility of quantitative ultrasound analysis of hepatic steatosis in participants with suspected MASLD: A prospective study. Eur J Radiol 2024; 175:111427. [PMID: 38522397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the reproducibility of tissue attenuation imaging (TAI) and tissue scatter distribution imaging (TSI) measurements in adults with suspected metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) between radiologists with varying experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants with suspected MASLD were prospectively recruited. TAI and TSI were performed for each participant by two radiologists with different levels of experience. Interoperability reliability was assessed on the basis of Bland-Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The study determined and compared the diagnostic performance of TAI and TSI with clinical prediction models using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) as a reference. RESULTS A total of 180 participants (women, n = 56; men, n = 124, mean age, 46.98 ± 14.92 years; mean BMI, 25.81 ± 4.47) were enrolled from August 2022 to September 2022. Bland-Altman plots showed only slight deviation in the TAI and TSI results of the two radiologists; there was good interoperator reproducibility for TAI (ICC = 0.92) and TSI (ICC = 0.86). Senior and junior radiologists performed examinations labeled as TAI-1 and TSI-1, and TAI-2 and TSI-2, respectively. The areas under the curves (AUCs) of TAI-1, TAI-2, TSI-1, and TAI-2 for the detection of ≥5 % hepatic steatosis were 0.90, 0.96, 0.91 and 0.96, respectively. According to ROC analysis, the diagnostic performance of both radiologists for TAI and TSI was statistically similar and superior to that of the clinical prediction model. CONCLUSIONS TAI and TSI have good reproducibility between radiologists with different levels of experience. Meanwhile, both TAI and TSI demonstrated good diagnostic performance for hepatic steatosis (≥5%), surpassing that of clinical prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing Xiong
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jifeng Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunling Fan
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Boyang Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yikang Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lifan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yuli Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Wang J, Yang N, Xu Y. Natural Products in the Modulation of Farnesoid X Receptor Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:291-314. [PMID: 38480498 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health concern with a high prevalence and increasing economic burden, but official medicine remains unavailable. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor member, is one of the most promising drug targets for NAFLD therapy that plays a crucial role in modulating bile acid, glucose, and lipid homeostasis, as well as inhibits hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. However, the rejection of the FXR agonist, obecholic acid, by the Food and Drug Administration for treating hepatic fibrosis raises a question about the functions of FXR in NAFLD progression and the therapeutic strategy to be used. Natural products, such as FXR modulators, have become the focus of attention for NAFLD therapy with fewer adverse reactions. The anti-NAFLD mechanisms seem to act as FXR agonists and antagonists or are involved in the FXR signaling pathway activation, indicating a promising target of FXR therapeutic prospects using natural products. This review discusses the effective mechanisms of FXR in NAFLD alleviation, and summarizes currently available natural products such as silymarin, glycyrrhizin, cycloastragenol, berberine, and gypenosides, for targeting FXR, which can facilitate development of naturally targeted drug by medicinal specialists for effective treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, P. R. China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cailun Road 1200, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Elguezabal Rodelo RG, Porchia LM, Torres‐Rasgado E, López-Bayghen E, Gonzalez-Mejia ME. Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while augmenting Metabolic Syndrome's effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017-2018. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298662. [PMID: 38394065 PMCID: PMC10889905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to evaluate the effect different types of abdominal fat have on NAFLD development and the effects of abdominal fat has on the association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and NALFD. METHODS Data was collected from the cross-sectional NHANES dataset (2017-2018 cycle). Using the controlled attenuation parameter (USG CAP, dB/m), which measures the level of steatosis, the cohort was stratified into two groups: NAFLD(+) (≥274 dB/m) and NAFLD(-). Using complex samples analyses, associations between liver steatosis or NAFLD and types of abdominal fat area [Total abdominal (TAFA), subcutaneous (SAT), and visceral (VAT)] were determined. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to evaluate the associations between adipose tissues and NAFLD. Logistic regression was used to determine the risk [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI)]. Participants were also classified by MetS, using the Harmonizing Definition criteria. RESULTS Using 1,980 participants (96,282,896 weighted), there was a significant (p<0.001) correlation between USG CAP and TAFA (r = 0.569), VAT (r = 0.645), and SAT (r = 0.479). Additionally, the risk of developing NAFLD was observed for total abdominal obesity (OR = 19.9, 95%CI: 5.1-77.8, p<0.001), visceral obesity (OR = 9.1, 95%CI: 6.2-13.5, p<0.001) and subcutaneous obesity (OR = 4.8, 95%CI: 3.2-6.9, p<0.001). Using 866 participants (44,399,696 weighted), for visceral obesity, participants with MetS and visceral obesity (OR = 18.1, 95%CI: 8.0-41.3, p<0.001) were shown to have a greater risk than participants with MetS only (OR = 6.3, 95%CI: 2.6-15.2, p<0.001). For subcutaneous obesity, again, participants with MetS and subcutaneous obesity (OR = 18.3, 95%CI: 8.0-41.9, p<0.001) were shown to have a greater risk than the MetS-only group (OR = 10.3, 95%CI: 4.8-22.4, p<0.001). CONCLUSION TAFA, VAT, and SAT were positively associated with USG CAP values and increased the risk of developing NAFLD. Also, the type of abdominal fat depots did affect the association between MetS and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo M. Porchia
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | | | - Esther López-Bayghen
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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Thompson RB, Sherrington R, Beaulieu C, Kirkham A, Paterson DI, Seres P, Grenier J. Reference Values for Water-Specific T1 of the Liver at 3 T: T2*-Compensation and the Confounding Effects of Fat. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38305588 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T1 mapping of the liver is confounded by the presence of fat. Multiparametric T1 mapping combines fat-water separation with T1-weighting to enable imaging of water-specific T1 (T1Water ), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and T2* values. However, normative T1Water values in the liver and its dependence on age/sex is unknown. PURPOSE Determine normative values for T1Water in the liver with comparison to MOLLI and evaluate a T2*-compensation approach to reduce T1 variability. STUDY TYPE Prospective observational; phantoms. POPULATIONS One hundred twenty-four controls (56 male, 18-75 years), 50 patients at-risk for liver disease (18 male, 30-76 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 2.89 T; Saturation-recovery chemical-shift encoded T1 Mapping (SR-CSE); MOLLI. ASSESSMENT SR-CSE provided T1Water measurements, PDFF and T2* values in the liver across three slices in 6 seconds. These were compared with MOLLI T1 values. A new T2*-compensation approach to reduce T1 variability was evaluated test/re-test reproducibility. STATISTICAL TESTS Linear regression, ANCOVA, t-test, Bland and Altman, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Liver T1 values were significantly higher in healthy females (F) than males (M) for both SR-CSE (F-973 ± 78 msec, M-930 ± 72 msec) and MOLLI (F-802 ± 55 msec, M-759 ± 69 msec). T1 values were negatively correlated with age, with similar sex- and age-dependencies observed in T2*. The T2*-compensation model reduced the variability of T1 values by half and removed sex- and age-differences (SR-CSE: F-946 ± 36 msec, M-941 ± 43 msec; MOLLI: F-775 ± 35 msec, M-770 ± 35 msec). At-risk participants had elevated PDFF and T1 values, which became more distinct from the healthy cohort after T2*-compensation. MOLLI systematically underestimated liver T1 values by ~170 msec with an additional positive T1-bias from fat content (~11 msec/1% in PDFF). Reproducibility ICC values were ≥0.96 for all parameters. DATA CONCLUSION Liver T1Water values were lower in males and decreased with age, as observed for SR-CSE and MOLLI acquisitions. MOLLI underestimated liver T1 with an additional large positive fat-modulated T1 bias. T2*-compensation removed sex- and age-dependence in liver T1, reduced the range of healthy values and increased T1 group differences between healthy and at-risk groups. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Thompson
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rachel Sherrington
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian Beaulieu
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amy Kirkham
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David I Paterson
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Seres
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Justin Grenier
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Sadrabadi F, Alarcan J, Sprenger H, Braeuning A, Buhrke T. Impact of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and PFAS mixtures on lipid metabolism in differentiated HepaRG cells as a model for human hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:507-524. [PMID: 38117326 PMCID: PMC10794458 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmental contaminants with various adverse health effects in humans including disruption of lipid metabolism. Aim of the present study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of PFAS-mediated effects on lipid metabolism in human cells. Here, we examined the impact of a number of PFAS (PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHxA, PFBA, PFHxS, PFBS, HFPO-DA, and PMPP) and of some exposure-relevant PFAS mixtures being composed of PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and PFHxS on lipid metabolism in human HepaRG cells, an in vitro model for human hepatocytes. At near cytotoxic concentrations, the selected PFAS and PFAS mixtures induced triglyceride accumulation in HepaRG cells and consistently affected the expression of marker genes for steatosis, as well as PPARα target genes and genes related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism, pointing to common molecular mechanisms of PFAS in disrupting cellular lipid and cholesterol homeostasis. PPARα activation was examined by a transactivation assay in HEK293T cells, and synergistic effects were observed for the selected PFAS mixtures at sum concentrations higher than 25 µM, whereas additivity was observed at sum concentrations lower than 25 µM. Of note, any effect observed in the in vitro assays occurred at PFAS concentrations that were at least four to five magnitudes above real-life internal exposure levels of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Sadrabadi
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jimmy Alarcan
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Sprenger
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Buhrke
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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Clavreul L, Bernard L, Cotte AK, Hennuyer N, Bourouh C, Devos C, Helleboid A, Haas JT, Verrijken A, Gheeraert C, Derudas B, Guille L, Chevalier J, Eeckhoute J, Vallez E, Dorchies E, Van Gaal L, Lassailly G, Francque S, Staels B, Paumelle R. The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 is induced in MASLD and impairs the lipid-regulatory activity of PPARα. Metabolism 2024; 151:155720. [PMID: 37926201 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) is a key regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and therefore a promising therapeutic target against Metabolic-dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Diseases (MASLD). However, its expression and activity decrease during disease progression and several of its agonists did not achieve sufficient efficiency in clinical trials with, surprisingly, a lack of steatosis improvement. Here, we identified the Human leukocyte antigen-F Adjacent Transcript 10 (FAT10) as an inhibitor of PPARα lipid metabolic activity during MASLD progression. APPROACH AND RESULTS In vivo, the expression of FAT10 is upregulated in human and murine MASLD livers upon disease progression and correlates negatively with PPARα expression. The increase of FAT10 occurs in hepatocytes in which both proteins interact. FAT10 silencing in vitro in hepatocytes increases PPARα target gene expression, promotes fatty acid oxidation and decreases intra-cellular lipid droplet content. In line, FAT10 overexpression in hepatocytes in vivo inhibits the lipid regulatory activity of PPARα in response to fasting and agonist treatment in conditions of physiological and pathological hepatic lipid overload. CONCLUSIONS FAT10 is induced during MASLD development and interacts with PPARα resulting in a decreased lipid metabolic response of PPARα to fasting or agonist treatment. Inhibition of the FAT10-PPARα interaction may provide a means to design potential therapeutic strategies against MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Clavreul
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Lucie Bernard
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Alexia K Cotte
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Cyril Bourouh
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Claire Devos
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Audrey Helleboid
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Joel T Haas
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - An Verrijken
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Céline Gheeraert
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Derudas
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Loïc Guille
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Julie Chevalier
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Eeckhoute
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vallez
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Emilie Dorchies
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Luc Van Gaal
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Lassailly
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 1 place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sven Francque
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Réjane Paumelle
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, EGID, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, 59045 Lille, France.
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Allam MM, Ibrahim RM, El Gazzar WB, Said MA. Dipeptedyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor downregulates HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in a diabetic rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:87-95. [PMID: 34543583 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1975758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inflammatory and immune pathways play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sitagliptin blocks the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme, mechanisms that alter inflammatory pathways and the innate immune system, and by which Sitagliptin affects the pathogenesis of NAFLD weren't previously discussed. OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand the interaction between Sitagliptin and innate immune response in order to meliorate NAFLD. METHODS Thirty- two Wistar male albino rats were categorised into four groups. Rats have received a standard diet or a high-fat diet either with or without Sitagliptin. Serum HMGB1, protein and mRNA expressions of hepatic TLR4 and NF-κB, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological changes were analysed. RESULTS An ameliorative action of Sitagliptin in NAFLD was demonstrated via decreasing HMGB1-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signalling in order to suppress inflammation and reduce insulin resistance. CONCLUSION Sitagliptin may in fact prove to be a beneficial therapeutic intervention in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Allam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
| | - Reham M Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
| | - Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
| | - Mona A Said
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
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Ulhaq ZS, Tse WKF. PFHxS Exposure and the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:93. [PMID: 38254982 PMCID: PMC10815161 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) is a highly prevalent environmental pollutant, often considered to be less toxic than other poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Despite its relatively lower environmental impact compared to other PFASs, several studies have suggested that exposure to PFHxS may be associated with disruptions of liver function in humans. Nevertheless, the precise pathomechanisms underlying PFHxS-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain relatively unclear. Therefore, this study applied our previously published transcriptome dataset to explore the effects of PFHxS exposure on the susceptibility to NAFLD and to identify potential mechanisms responsible for PFHxS-induced NAFLD through transcriptomic analysis conducted on zebrafish embryos. Results showed that exposure to PFHxS markedly aggravated hepatic symptoms resembling NAFLD and other metabolic syndromes (MetS) in fish. Transcriptomic analysis unveiled 17 genes consistently observed in both NAFLD and insulin resistance (IR), along with an additional 28 genes identified in both the adipocytokine signaling pathway and IR. These shared genes were also found within the NAFLD dataset, suggesting that hepatic IR may play a prominent role in the development of PFHxS-induced NAFLD. In conclusion, our study suggests that environmental exposure to PFHxS could be a potential risk factor for the development of NAFLD, challenging the earlier notion of PFHxS being safer as previously claimed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Moore E, Patanwala I, Jafari A, Davies IG, Kirwan RP, Newson L, Mazidi M, Lane KE. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patient biomarkers and parameters. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:143-165. [PMID: 37290426 PMCID: PMC10777680 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in 25-30% of British and European populations, representing a potential global public health crisis. Marine omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids offer well-evidenced benefits to NAFLD biomarkers; however, the effect of plant-based n-3 has not been evaluated with a systematic review and meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE The review aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of plant-based n-3 supplementation on NAFLD surrogate biomarkers and parameters. DATA SOURCES Medline (EBSCO), PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials published between January 1970 and March 2022 evaluating the impact of plant-based n-3 interventions on diagnosed NAFLD. The review followed the PRISMA checklist and is PROSPERO registered (CRD42021251980). DATA EXTRACTION A random-effects model and generic inverse variance methods synthesized quantitative data, followed by a leave-one-out method for sensitivity analysis. We identified 986 articles; after the application of selection criteria, six studies remained with 362 patients with NAFLD. RESULTS The meta-analysis showed that plant-based n-3 fatty acid supplementation significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (mean difference: 8.04 IU/L; 95% confidence interval: 14.70, 1.38; I2 = 48.61%) and plasma/serum triglycerides (44.51 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval: -76.93, -12.08; I2 = 69.93%), alongside body-composition markers in patients with NAFLD (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Plant-based n-3 fatty acid supplementation improves ALT enzyme biomarkers, triglycerides, body mass index, waist circumference, and weight loss when combined with lifestyle interventions to increase physical activity and a calorie-controlled diet. Further research is needed to identify the most effective plant-based n-3 sources in larger numbers of patients with NAFLD over longer study durations. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021251980.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Moore
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alireza Jafari
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ian G Davies
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P Kirwan
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Newson
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie E Lane
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Arvanitakis K, Koufakis T, Kalopitas G, Papadakos SP, Kotsa K, Germanidis G. Management of type 2 diabetes in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis: Short of evidence, plenty of potential. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:102935. [PMID: 38163417 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in patients with compensated cirrhosis is challenging due to hypoglycemic risk, altered pharmacokinetics, and the lack of robust evidence on the risk/benefit ratio of various drugs. Suboptimal glycemic control accelerates the progression of cirrhosis, while the frequent coexistence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with T2D highlights the need for a multifactorial therapeutic approach. METHODS A literature search was performed in Medline, Google Scholar and Scopus databases till July 2023, using relevant keywords to extract studies regarding the management of T2D in patients with compensated cirrhosis. RESULTS Metformin, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are promising treatment options for patients with T2D and compensated liver cirrhosis, offering good glycemic control with minimal risk of hypoglycemia, while their pleiotropic actions confer benefits on NAFLD and body weight, and decrease cardiorenal risk. Sulfonylureas cause hypoglycemia, thus should be avoided, while in specific studies, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors have been correlated with increased risk of decompensation and variceal bleeding. Despite the benefits of thiazolidinediones in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, concerns about edema and weight gain limit their use in compensated cirrhosis. Insulin does not exert hepatotoxic effects and can be administered safely in combination with other drugs; however, the risk of hypoglycemia should be considered. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of new hepatoprotective diabetes drugs into clinical practice, including tirzepatide, SGLT2i, and GLP-1 RA, sets the stage for future trials to investigate the ideal therapeutic regimen for people with T2D and compensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece; Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theocharis Koufakis
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Kalopitas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece; Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros P Papadakos
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Diabetes Centre, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Germanidis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece; Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Castillo MF, Salgado-Canales D, Arrese M, Barrera F, Mikhailidis DP. Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Lipid Profile, Anthropometric and Hepatic Markers in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Systematic Review. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2024; 22:187-202. [PMID: 38321893 DOI: 10.2174/0115701611285401240110074530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first-line treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is lifestyle modification; this should accompany any pharmacological intervention. Intermittent fasting (IF) has shown benefits over metabolic and cardiovascular parameters. Non-religious IF includes Time-Restricted Feeding (TRF), Alternate-Day Fasting (ADF), and 5:2 IF interventions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of IF on anthropometric, liver damage, and lipid profile markers in subjects with NAFLD. METHODS A bibliographic search was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using PubMed and Scopus databases. RESULTS Five studies involving 470 patients with NAFLD were included. In relation to anthropometric markers, all the articles reported body weight reduction (2.48-7.63%), but only ADF and 5:2 IF reported a body weight reduction >5%; also, all the articles reported fat mass reduction. Concerning hepatic markers, all the articles reported a reduction in hepatic steatosis and alanine aminotransferase activity, but no changes in fat-free mass and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. There were variable results on fibrosis, other liver enzymes, waist circumference and body mass index, as well as the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSION Any form of IF could be potentially beneficial for NAFLD treatment and some associated cardiometabolic parameters. However, it is necessary to evaluate the effects and safety of IF in long-term studies involving a higher number of participants with different stages of NAFLD. The effect of IF on NAFLD-associated vascular risk also needs evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Castillo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Salgado-Canales
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Arrese
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Barrera
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, Medical School, University College London (UCL), Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
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Li X, Chen W, Ren J, Gao X, Zhao Y, Song T, Fu K, Zheng Y, Yang J. Effects of curcumin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A scientific metrogy study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155241. [PMID: 38128395 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases encountered in clinical practice. Curcumin can alleviate insulin resistance, inhibit oxidative stress response, reduce inflammation, reduce liver fat deposition, and effectively improve NAFLD through various modalities, inhibiting the progression into cirrhosis and fibrosis. PURPOSE To explore the current status, hot spots, and developing trends of curcumin in NAFLD treatment through quantitative scientific analysis to serve as a reference for subsequent studies. STUDY DESIGN A comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of action of curcumin in the treatment of NAFLD and methods to increase curcumin bioavailability using bibliometric analysis and literature review. METHODS This study used VOSviewer software to analyze the literature related to curcumin treatment of NAFLD in the Web of Science (WOS) core set database. A comprehensive and in-depth review was conducted based on the results of scientific econometric research and literature review. RESULTS The review observed that curcumin can activate various signaling pathways such as AMPK and NF-κB to inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis, thereby reflecting its pharmacological effects: lowering lipid, anti-inflammatory, reducing insulin resistance, and anti-fibrosis. These mechanisms improve or even reverse the complex pathological features of lipid metabolism disorders associated with NAFLD. Curcumin also can potentially serve as a primary regulatory target for treating hepatic steatosis using gut microbiota. However, these pharmacological effects of curcumin were limited owing to its low bioavailability. CONCLUSION This review discusses NAFLD treatment with curcumin, analyzes the reasons for its low bioavailability, and introduces models for studying and methods for improving curcumin bioavailability. As research on NAFLD grows, future research should capture the trend of basic research, pay attention to clinical research, and continuously explore the therapeutic potential of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankuan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiali Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xinchen Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tianbao Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kun Fu
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Yanchao Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Jinlong Yang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Mustika S, Santosaningsih D, Handayani D, Rudijanto A. Impact of multiple different high-fat diets on metabolism, inflammatory markers, dysbiosis, and liver histology: study on NASH rat model induced diet. F1000Res 2023; 12:180. [PMID: 39229607 PMCID: PMC11369591 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129645.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), can lead to advanced liver disease. It is known that a variety of diets play a significant role in the development of NAFLD/NASH. The goal of this study was to determine the most appropriate composition of diet to induce NASH in an animal model. Methods This research used Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar (n=27), which were divided into four groups and given each diet for 12 weeks: normal diet (ND, n=7), high-fat diet (HFD, n=6), western diet (WD, n=7), and high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFHFD, n=7). Subjects were monitored for changes in body weight. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hepatic lipase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fecal samples were taken for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis. Liver histology was assessed using NAS (NAFLD activity score). A statistical comparison test was carried out using the one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The highest average body weight was observed in the WD group (346.14 g). Liver enzymes, LDL, triglyceride, propionic acid, and acetic acid did not show significantly differences among the groups. TNF-α, IL-6, and hepatic lipase were significant (p = 0.000; p = 0.000; p = 0.004) and the highest level recorded in the HFD group. Butyrate acid level also showed significances (p = 0.021) with the lowest concentration seen in the HFHFD group (4.77 mMol/g). Only WD and HFHFD had a NAS ≥ 5 (14% and 14%). The highest percentage of borderline NAS was found in WD (57%). Conclusions WD feeding is the most appropriate diet type to induce NASH in rats as it influences metabolic, inflammatory, dysbiosis, and liver histology of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syifa Mustika
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Santosaningsih
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Dian Handayani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Rudijanto
- Endocrine Metabolic & Diabetes Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya - Dr Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
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Li W, Spray B, Børsheim E, Korourian S, Hakkak R. Long-Term Feeding Soy Protein Concentrates Protect Against Hepatic Steatosis Independent of Isoflavone Levels. J Med Food 2023; 26:911-918. [PMID: 37971778 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of soy foods are attributed to the high-quality protein and the bioactive compounds such as isoflavones. We previously reported that feeding obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats soy protein concentrates (SPCs) with low isoflavone (LIF) and high isoflavone (HIF) for 9 weeks significantly reduced liver steatosis compared to a casein control (C) diet. The current study extended the dietary treatments to 18 weeks to investigate the long-term effect of LIF and HIF SPC diets. 6-week-old male lean (L, n = 21) and obese (O, n = 21) Zucker rats were fed a casein C diet, LIF and HIF SPC diets for 18 weeks and body weight (BW) was recorded twice weekly. Rats were killed after 18 weeks to measure liver steatosis and serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Obese rats had significantly greater final BW, liver weight, liver weight as the percentage of BW, and steatosis score compared to lean rats in all three dietary groups. The obese high-isoflavones (OHIF) group had significantly higher BW compared to obese control (OC) group (P < .0001) and obese low-isoflavones (OLIF) group (P = .01). OC group had significantly greater liver weight, liver weight as the percentage of BW, and liver steatosis score compared to OLIF (P = .0077, P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively) and OHIF (P = .0094, P < .0001, and P < .0001, respectively) groups. Taken together, long-term feeding of SPC diets protected against liver steatosis regardless of isoflavone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Beverly Spray
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Soheila Korourian
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Reza Hakkak
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Renu K, Myakala H, Chakraborty R, Bhattacharya S, Abuwani A, Lokhandwala M, Vellingiri B, Gopalakrishnan AV. Molecular mechanisms of alcohol's effects on the human body: A review and update. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23502. [PMID: 37578200 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has been linked to numerous negative health outcomes although it has some beneficial effects on moderate dosages, the most severe of which being alcohol-induced hepatitis. The number of people dying from this liver illness has been shown to climb steadily over time, and its prevalence has been increasing. Researchers have found that alcohol consumption primarily affects the brain, leading to a wide range of neurological and psychological diseases. High-alcohol-consumption addicts not only experienced seizures, but also ataxia, aggression, social anxiety, and variceal hemorrhage that ultimately resulted in death, ascites, and schizophrenia. Drugs treating this liver condition are limited and can cause serious side effects like depression. Serine-threonine kinases, cAMP protein kinases, protein kinase C, ERK, RACK 1, Homer 2, and more have all been observed to have their signaling pathways disrupted by alcohol, and alcohol has also been linked to epigenetic changes. In addition, alcohol consumption induces dysbiosis by changing the composition of the microbiome found in the gastrointestinal tract. Although more studies are needed, those that have been done suggest that probiotics aid in keeping the various microbiota concentrations stable. It has been argued that reducing one's alcohol intake may seem less harmful because excessive drinking is a lifestyle disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Haritha Myakala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rituraj Chakraborty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharmishtha Bhattacharya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asmita Abuwani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mariyam Lokhandwala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Department of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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49
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Díaz LA, Arab JP, Louvet A, Bataller R, Arrese M. The intersection between alcohol-related liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:764-783. [PMID: 37582985 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) are the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD and ALD share pathophysiological, histological and genetic features and both alcohol and metabolic dysfunction coexist as aetiological factors in many patients with hepatic steatosis. A diagnosis of NAFLD requires the exclusion of significant alcohol consumption and other causes of liver disease. However, data suggest that significant alcohol consumption is often under-reported in patients classified as having NAFLD and that alcohol and metabolic factors interact to exacerbate the progression of liver disease. In this Review, we analyse existing data on the interaction between alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome as well as the overlapping features and differences in the pathogenesis of ALD and NAFLD. We also discuss the clinical implications of the coexistence of alcohol consumption, of any degree, in patients with evidence of metabolic derangement as well as the use of alcohol biomarkers to detect alcohol intake. Finally, we summarize the evolving nomenclature of fatty liver disease and describe a recent proposal to classify patients at the intersection of NAFLD and ALD. We propose that, regardless of the presumed aetiology, patients with fatty liver disease should be evaluated for both metabolic syndrome and alcohol consumption to enable better prognostication and a personalized medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Antonio Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandre Louvet
- Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Hôpital Huriez, Lille Cedex, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Unité INSERM INFINITE 1286, Lille, France
| | - Ramón Bataller
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Arrese
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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50
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Emamat H, Farhadnejad H, Poustchi H, Teymoori F, Bahrami A, Hekmatdoost A. The association between dietary acid load and odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A case-control study. Nutr Health 2023; 29:637-644. [PMID: 35306902 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221088383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Data on the association between dietary acid load and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are scarce and controversial. Aim: This study aimed to assess the association between dietary acid-base loads and odds of NAFLD. Methods: In the current study, 196 cases of NAFLD (proven by a gastroenterologist using Fibroscan) and 803 age-matched controls were enrolled from the same clinic. Dietary intakes of patients with NAFLD and controls without hepatic steatosis were evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary acid load was estimated using the validated potential renal acid load (PRAL) algorithm. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds of NAFLD across quintiles of PRAL. Results: The mean ± SD age of the study population (43% male) was 43.28 ± 14.02 years. The mean ± SD of PRAL was -1.90 ± 7.12 for all participants. After adjustment for all known confounders, subjects in the third quintile of PRAL (nearly with neutral PRAL) had a 54% lower odds of NAFLD compared with those in the lowest quintiles of the PRAL [(OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.24-0.89), (P = 0.021)]. However, the odds of NAFLD in the highest quintiles of PRAL was not different in comparison to the lowest quintiles (OR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.41-1.57). Conclusion: In conclusion, our results have shown a modest U shaped relationship between PRAL and NAFLD. Further studies with acid-base biomarkers are needed to confirm the role of dietary acid load in the development of NAFLD and its potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and pancreatobiliary research group, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Student Research Committee, Iran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahrami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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