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Oh M. Empowering Youth for Oral Health: A Transformative Community Initiative. J Physician Assist Educ 2024; 35:213-214. [PMID: 38727696 DOI: 10.1097/jpa.0000000000000595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilou Oh
- Marilou Oh, PA-C, MBA, is the lead PA in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah. She is also the recipient of a NCCPA Health Foundation Grant that generously funded the current program and she is the Coach/Mentor for the FTC S.O.U.P. robotics team
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Sun IG, Duangthip D, Zheng FM, Luo BW, Lo ECM, Chu CH. A randomised clinical trial to arrest caries using silver diamine fluoride therapy with two postoperative instructions. J Dent 2024; 149:105308. [PMID: 39137876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the beneficial effect of not rinsing for 30 min in arresting early childhood caries after SDF therapy. METHODS This randomised clinical trial recruited 3- to 4-year-old kindergarten children with active (soft) dentine caries. A questionnaire was sent to the parents to collect children's demographic data and oral health-related behaviours. A dentist conducted an oral examination and measured the caries experience using dmft index and oral hygiene using visible plaque index. After 38 % SDF therapy, the children were randomly allocated into two groups. Children in group A were instructed to rinse with water immediately, whereas children in group B were asked to refrain from rinsing, drinking, or eating for 30 min. After six months, the same examiner determined the lesion activity (active/arrest) of the SDF-treated carious tooth surface. Generalized Estimating Equations was used to compare the proportion of caries arrest (caries-arrest rate) between the two groups. RESULTS This study recruited 298 children with 1,158 decayed tooth surfaces receiving SDF therapy at baseline and evaluated 275 (92 %) children with 1,069 (92 %) SDF-treated tooth-surface at the six-month examination. The demographic background, oral hygiene and caries status of two groups were comparable at baseline (p > 0.05). The caries-arrest rate for group A and group B were 65 % (337/519) and 61 % (338/550), respectively (p = 0.28). CONCLUSION This randomised clinical trial found not rinsing for 30 min after SDF therapy is not better than immediate rinsing in arresting early childhood caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Topical SDF application leaves an unpleasant taste in the mouth, which may affect the acceptance or even rejection of SDF therapy among young children. This study provides clinicians with information to make their decision on postoperative instruction after SDF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Faith Miaomiao Zheng
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Bella Weijia Luo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Edward Chin Man Lo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Aly NM, Ihab M, Ammar N, Quritum M, Moussa H, El Tantawi M. Impact of dental caries and Self-perceived oral health on daily lives of children and mothers in rural Egypt: a household survey. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:884. [PMID: 39095790 PMCID: PMC11297685 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study assessed the impact of oral health on the daily lives of children and mothers living in a rural area in Northwestern Egypt. METHODS A cross-sectional household survey including children between 6 and 12 years old and their mothers was conducted in rural Egypt, 2019-2020. Data were collected using clinical examination and interview-based questionnaires of children and mothers. Three binary logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the dependent variables (oral health impact (yes, no) on avoiding smiling, chewing problems, and missing school (children) and avoiding social events (mothers)), and the explanatory variables: oral health (clinically-assessed caries experience and self-reported oral health) controlling for sociodemographic profile (child age and sex, mother's education), daily toothbrushing and village of residence. RESULTS A total of 211 households with 355 children and 211 mothers were included (91.5% response rate). About 54% of the children were girls, mean (SD) age = 8.7 (2.05) years and 82.3% did not brush their teeth daily. Mother's mean (SD) age was 31.70 (5.45) years. Because of dental problems, 31.3% of children reported chewing difficulties, 31% avoided smiling compared to 76.3% and 43.6% of mothers. Also, 30.4% of children missed school and 76.8% of mothers reported reduced participation in social activities. In children, the number of decayed anterior teeth was associated with significantly higher odds of avoiding smiling (AOR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.44). In mothers, a greater number of posterior missing teeth was associated with significantly higher odds of chewing difficulties (AOR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.45), and a greater number of all missing teeth was associated with significantly higher odds of reduced participation in social events (AOR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.30, 1.57). Good/ very good reported oral health in children and mothers was associated with lower odds of avoiding smiling and chewing problems (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Decayed anterior teeth in children have a negative impact on smiling whereas missing teeth in mothers affect the ability to chew food and socialize. The psychological, functional, and social impacts of caries in this rural setting needs to be mitigated by improving oral health literacy and access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan M Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt.
| | - Merna Ihab
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Nour Ammar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Maximilian University of Munich, Ludwig, Germany
| | - Maryam Quritum
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Hana Moussa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
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Flores-Fraile J, Parra-García S, González-Gil D, Moreno-Barrera A, Peramato-Benito A, Castaño-Seiquer A. Descriptive study of the oral health status of disadvantaged mexican populations in relation to their adherence to the mediterranean diet. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2024; 12:e196. [PMID: 39119131 PMCID: PMC11304857 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1202-2024-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in Mexico is an alarming problem that has been increasing in recent decades. Dietary factors make this pathology more common at younger ages and closely related to oral health. This study attempts to investigate the association between the oral health status of a Mexican population in the state of Yucatan and their dietary habits. OBJECTIVE This study explores the relationship between oral health-related quality of life and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a disadvantaged population in the state of Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS The research was conducted in July 2023 in Merida, Yucatan (Mexico). The sample consisted of 109 individuals aged between 4 and 72 years old. Data analysis focused on factors such as body mass index (BMI), oral health-related quality of life, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. RESULTS A notable presence of caries is observed in individuals with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Correlation coefficient 0.040, p=0.682). This underscores the potential interaction between oral health, obesity, and dietary habits. The mean Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHIP-14Sp) score was 13.19 ±13.57, median 8.00. CONCLUSIONS This research adds to the increasing evidence that highlights the significance of a balanced diet in enhancing the oral quality of life for people. More research is necessary to explore preventive measures and treatment to raise awareness about oral health within the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Flores-Fraile
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine. University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. , , , Universidad de Salamanca Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Sergio Parra-García
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine. University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. , , , Universidad de Salamanca Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Diego González-Gil
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine. University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. , , , Universidad de Salamanca Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Alejandro Moreno-Barrera
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Odontology Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. , Universidad de Sevilla Department of Stomatology Faculty of Odontology Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain
| | - Alejandra Peramato-Benito
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine. University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. , , , Universidad de Salamanca Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Antonio Castaño-Seiquer
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Odontology Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. , Universidad de Sevilla Department of Stomatology Faculty of Odontology Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain
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Lan M, Niu E, Liu M, Anderson S, Barham L, Greenfield T, Cherry-Peppers G, Gu X. Pediatric Oral Health Service Access in Racial/Ethnic Minority Neighborhoods: A Geospatial Analysis in Washington, D.C., USA. DENTAL RESEARCH AND ORAL HEALTH 2024; 7:36-42. [PMID: 38646068 PMCID: PMC11027513 DOI: 10.26502/droh.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Oral health plays a crucial role in overall well-being. One of the goals set by the US Department of Health and Human Service, Healthy People 2030 is to reducing dental caries in children and adolescents. The study aims to investigate the accessibility of pediatric dental care in neighborhoods with mixed-race and predominantly African American populations in the Washington District of Columbia (DC) area. Our objective is to uncover and highlight the disparities that exist in pediatric dental care within these communities. We have specifically examined the geographic and socio-demographic aspects of pediatric dental care facilities, utilizing geospatial tools such as modeling and mapping, as well as data from the clinical database at Howard University College of Dentistry. The detailed analysis of dental care access revealed significant disparities among various Wards in the region. Specifically, Wards 5, 7, and 8 stood out as having both the highest concentrations of African American residents and the lowest availability of pediatric dentistry providers when compared to the more affluent Wards 1, 2, and 3. Howard University College of Dentistry's pediatric dentistry department played a crucial role in providing dental care services to the community. Over the course of the year 2022, they recorded a total of 3,855 visits from residents of the DC area. Notably, a substantial portion of these visits, specifically 1,566 visits, were from individuals residing in Wards 5, 7 and 8. This data underscores the significant demand for pediatric dental services in these underserved communities and highlights the importance of addressing the disparities in access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Lan
- Department of Geography and Planning, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA 43606
| | - Eric Niu
- Livingston High School, Livingston, NJ, USA
| | - Meirong Liu
- School of Social Work, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - LaToya Barham
- College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Xinbin Gu
- College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
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Herndon JB, Rubin MS, Reusch C, Edelstein BL. A scoping review of the economic impact of family oral health: Implications for public health, research, and policy. J Public Health Dent 2024; 84:43-99. [PMID: 38305646 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize evidence on the impact of oral health on individual and family economic outcomes, describe trends in the literature, and identify areas for additional research to inform public health research and practice. METHODS Searches were conducted within PubMed, CINAHL, EconLit, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. Article review, selection, abstraction, and reporting processes were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. RESULTS Of 2758 unduplicated records identified, 52 met inclusion criteria. Study outcomes included indicators of employment/employability (n = 9), earnings/earnings potential (n = 26), parent missed work and family financial impacts of child oral health (n = 19), and financial loss (n = 3). Dental caries-related variables were the most common predictors of poorer economic outcomes. Other oral health problems, such as poorer dental functioning or poorer self-reported oral health status, also were associated with adverse economic outcomes. Significant associations with employment were found among studies that assessed interventions designed to improve oral health. Only one study estimated the impact of oral health on earnings. One-third of studies conducted multivariable analyses, and 14% incorporated race and ethnicity variables. CONCLUSIONS Although existing evidence suggests associations between oral health problems and poorer economic outcomes, there is a substantial need for more rigorous research to better understand the extent of economic impact of oral health problems and which populations are most affected. Additional high-quality research is needed to inform which interventions are most likely to improve oral health, reduce adverse economic impacts, and promote health and economic equity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcie S Rubin
- Division of Socio-Behavioral Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colin Reusch
- Community Catalyst, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Burton L Edelstein
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Sandy L, Helmyati S, Amalia R. Nutritional factors associated with early childhood caries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:413-419. [PMID: 38525179 PMCID: PMC10960096 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have examined the relationship between nutrition and dental caries. However further studies are needed regarding nutritional factors that can have a strong impact on the incidence of early childhood caries (ECC). Nutrition is one factor that determines caries occurrence. Exposure to carbohydrates in the oral cavity causes carbohydrate fermentation, which produces acids. This acidic substance erodes the enamel surface of teeth, leading to ECC. This systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies assessed the aspects of nutrition and diet that contribute to the incidence of ECC in children. Materials and methods We conducted a systematic review by extracting data according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search was conducted of published articles in Scopus, MEDLINE via PubMed, and Science Direct using the keywords "nutrition," "sugar," "carbohydrate," "dietary habit," "dental caries," and "oral health." The protocol was registered at PROSPERO 2023 (Registration ID: CRD42023394583). Results The article screening yielded 6 articles that met the inclusion criteria. From the total of 443 studies found. Those that could not determine a correlation between the ECC variables and nutrition and with data analyses that only used a bivariate analysis were excluded. The results of the meta-analysis showed that nutritional factors had the strongest impact on caries including feeding practice (OR 3.64; 95% CI 2.03, 6.55), sugar intake (OR 3.24; 95% CI 2.59, 4.03), and low fruit and vegetable intake (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.47, 5.01). Conclusion Two nutritional factors had the strongest relationship with the risk of ECC: feeding practice and sugar intake. The lowest risk factor for causing ECC was low fruit and vegetable intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.P.A. Sandy
- Doctorate Program of Medical and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia, 55281, Indonesia
| | - S. Helmyati
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia, 55281, Indonesia
- Center for Health and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia, 55281 Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - R. Amalia
- Department Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia, 55281, Indonesia
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Bender O, Khoury J, Hirsch G, Weinberg E, Sagy N, Buller S, Lapides-Levy S, Blumer S, Bar DZ. Immunorecognition of Streptococcus mutans secreted proteins protects against caries by limiting tooth adhesion. J Dent 2024; 141:104805. [PMID: 38101504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood caries, a prevalent chronic disease, affects 60-90 % of children in industrialized regions, leading to lesions in both primary and permanent teeth. This condition precipitates hospital admissions, emergency room visits, elevated treatment costs, and missed school days, thereby impeding the child's academic engagement and increasing the likelihood of caries into adulthood. Despite multiple identified risk factors, significant interpersonal variability remains unexplained. The immune system generates a unique antibody repertoire, essential for maintaining a balanced and healthy oral microbiome. Streptococcus mutans is a primary contributor to the development of caries. METHODS Employing mass spectrometry, we investigated the S. mutans proteins targeted by antibodies in children both with and without caries, delineating a fundamental suite of proteins discernible by the immune systems of a majority of individuals. Notably, this suite was enriched with proteins pivotal for bacterial adhesion. To ascertain the physiological implications of these discoveries, we evaluated the efficacy of saliva in thwarting S. mutans adherence to dental surfaces. RESULTS Antibodies in most children recognized a core set of ten S. mutans proteins, with additional proteins identified in some individuals. There was no significant difference in the proteins identified by children with or without caries, but there was variation in antibody binding intensity to some proteins. Functionally, saliva from caries-free individuals, but not children with caries, was found to hinder the binding of S. mutans to teeth. These findings delineate the S. mutans proteome targeted by the immune system and suggest that the inhibition of bacterial adherence to teeth is a primary mechanism employed by the immune system to maintain oral balance and prevent caries formation. CONCLUSIONS These findings enhance our knowledge of the immune system's function in oral health maintenance and caries prevention, shedding light on how immunoglobulins interact with S. mutans proteins. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Targeting S. mutans proteins implicated in bacterial adhesion could be a promising strategy for preventing childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Bender
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Jessica Khoury
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Gal Hirsch
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Evgeny Weinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel; Department of Periodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Naor Sagy
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Shani Buller
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Shiri Lapides-Levy
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Sigalit Blumer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Daniel Z Bar
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel.
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Mohamed SAS, Baker SR, Deery C, Vettore MV. The relationship of children's dental clinical status with school performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A life-course approach. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:93-100. [PMID: 37723130 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between dental clinical status and school performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain (KoB) using a life-course framework. METHODS This time-ordered cross-sectional study included 466 school children in Grade 2 (aged 7-8 years) and their parents in the KoB. Data were collected through parents' self-administered questionnaires, children's face-to-face interviews and dental clinical examinations. Data on children's school performance and school attendance were gathered from parents and school records. Structural equation modelling (SEM) examined the direct and indirect pathways between variables. RESULTS Children born in families with high socio-economic status (SES) were less likely to have dental caries and more likely to have better school performance at 7-8 years of age. Dentine caries was directly linked with poor school performance. Treated teeth directly predicted high school performance. The presence of dentine caries mediated the relationship of SES with school performance. CONCLUSIONS Birth and current socio-economic factors were significant predictors of dental clinical conditions and school performance. Dental caries and fewer treated teeth directly predicted poor school performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham A S Mohamed
- Dental Hygiene Program, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sarah R Baker
- Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher Deery
- Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mario V Vettore
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Mattheus D, Loos JR, Vogeler A. The Development and Implementation of a School-Based Dental Sealant Program for Hawaii Public Schools. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:87-95. [PMID: 37857279 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND School-based dental sealant programs are noted to increase sealant uptake among children, especially those from low-income families and those living in rural and underserved areas. However, nationally school-based dental sealant programs are substantially underutilized. This paper describes a partnership approach to a school-based dental sealant program for Title 1 public schools in Hawaii. METHODS The Hawaii Keiki: Healthy and Ready to Learn program partnered with the Hawaii Dental Service to develop and implement an interprofessional, school-based sealant program (SBSP). This article describes the development of key factors, such as partnerships, an interprofessional team, team roles, policies, and marketing tools to optimize program success. RESULTS The SBSP has completed over 3 academic years of implementation in Hawaii public schools. In its initial year (school year [SY] 2019-2020), which presented challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it served 6 schools (106 students screened) on 1 island. It expanded to 14 schools on 1 island (193 students screened) in its second year (SY 2020-2021), 28 schools on 3 islands (653 students screened) in its third year (SY 2021-2022), and during the Fall of the fourth year, the program reached 50 schools on 3 islands (1821 students screened) and is projected to reach over 70 schools by the end of SY 2022-2023. CONCLUSION Taking advantage of strategic partnerships and key interprofessional team members, a school-based dental sealant program can help to improve the oral health of children in public schools by helping to decrease barriers to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Mattheus
- Hawaii Keiki: Healthy & Ready to Learn, Professor, Nancy Atmospera-Walch School of Nursing (NAWSON), University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM), HI. Honolulu, Honolulu, HI; NAWSON, UHM
| | | | - Azeema Vogeler
- Hawaii Keiki: Healthy & Ready to Learn, Nancy Atmospera-Walch School of Nursing (NAWSON), University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM), HI. Honolulu, Honolulu, HI; NAWSON, UHM
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Kurniawan F, Wiraharja RS, Santi BT, Astiarani Y, Kristian K, Amita ASD, Bororing SR, Wijaya L, Regina, Sahusilawane IG, Yue R, Setiawan A, Wijaya E. Correlation between health status and academic achievement among elementary school students in North Jakarta. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:262. [PMID: 37849859 PMCID: PMC10578544 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1534_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-performing students are essential investments in building the nation's future. In Indonesia, however, the correlation between students' health and academic achievement is rarely examined. This study aimed to evaluate primary school students' health status and its relation to their academic achievement. MATERIAL AND METHODS A survey was conducted on 1335 students from four primary schools in North Jakarta. Health assessments included nutritional status, hair, skin condition, dental, vision, and ear conditions. Parents filled sociodemographic questionnaire. Mid-exam scores in core subjects determined academic achievement. Data were analyzed using binomial logistic regression to determine the relation of health status with students' academic achievement. RESULTS In the younger group, students who were stunted (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.23, 95% CI: 1.11-4.50), had dental caries (AOR 2.16, 95% CI: 1.15-4.04), hair problems (AOR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15-3.59), and skin problems (AOR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.01-2.20) were more likely to have a low-performing index. In the older group, students with hair problems tend to have a low-performing index (AOR 3.05, 95% CI: 1.88-5.89). Meanwhile, the students who wore eye glasses were more likely to achieve a high-performing index in the older group (AOR 0.60, 95% CI: 0.50-0.78). CONCLUSION This study shows a significant correlation between students' health status and academic achievement, where students with health problems were more likely to have lower grades compared to their counterparts. Regular health screening and examination are vital to maintaining students' health; therefore, their academic achievement can be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Kurniawan
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Regina Satya Wiraharja
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Bryany Titi Santi
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Yunisa Astiarani
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Kevin Kristian
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Angela Shinta Dewi Amita
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Sheela Rima Bororing
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Lorettha Wijaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Regina
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Isadora Gracia Sahusilawane
- Department of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Ricky Yue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Andy Setiawan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Ellen Wijaya
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia
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Petimar J, Gibson LA, Wolff MS, Mitra N, Corby P, Hettinger G, Gregory EF, Edmondson E, Block JP, Roberto CA. Changes in Dental Outcomes After Implementation of the Philadelphia Beverage Tax. Am J Prev Med 2023; 65:221-229. [PMID: 36863896 PMCID: PMC10363192 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beverage taxes are associated with declines in sugar-sweetened beverage sales and consumption, but few studies have evaluated the associations of these taxes with health outcomes. This study analyzed changes in dental decay after the implementation of the Philadelphia sweetened beverage tax. METHODS Electronic dental record data were obtained on 83,260 patients living in Philadelphia and control areas from 2014 to 2019. Difference-in-differences analyses compared the number of new Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth with that of new Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces before (January 2014-December 2016) and after (January 2019-December 2019) tax implementation in Philadelphia and control patients. Analyses were conducted in older children/adults (aged ≥15 years) and younger children (aged <15 years). Subgroup analyses stratified by Medicaid status. Analyses were conducted in 2022. RESULTS The number of new Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth did not change after tax implementation in Philadelphia in panel analyses of older children/adults (difference-in-differences= -0.02, 95% CI= -0.08, 0.03) or younger children (difference-in-differences=0.07, 95% CI= -0.08, 0.23). There were similarly no post-tax changes in the number of new Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces. However, in cross-sectional samples of patients on Medicaid, the number of new Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth was lower after tax implementation in older children/adults (difference-in-differences= -0.18, 95% CI= -0.34, -0.03; -22% decline) and younger children (difference-in-differences= -0.22, 95% CI= -0.46, 0.01; -30% decline), with similar results for number of new Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces. CONCLUSIONS The Philadelphia beverage tax was not associated with reduced tooth decay in the general population, but it was associated with reduced tooth decay in adults and children on Medicaid, suggesting potential health benefits for low-income populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Petimar
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Laura A Gibson
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark S Wolff
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nandita Mitra
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Patricia Corby
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gary Hettinger
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emily F Gregory
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emma Edmondson
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jason P Block
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christina A Roberto
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Keeper JH, Kibbe LJ, Thakkar-Samtani M, Heaton LJ, Desrosiers C, Vela K, Amaechi BT, Jablonski-Momeni A, Young DA, MacLean J, Weyant RJ, Zandona AF, Sohn W, Pitts N, Frantsve-Hawley J. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of self-assembling peptide P 11-4 on arrest, cavitation, and progression of initial caries lesions. J Am Dent Assoc 2023:S0002-8177(23)00189-7. [PMID: 37245138 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simple noninvasive evidence-based interventions for caries are needed to overcome limitations in the restorative paradigm. The self-assembling peptide P11-4 is a noninvasive intervention that regenerates enamel in initial caries lesions. STUDIES REVIEWED The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of the P11-4 products Curodont Repair (Credentis; now manufactured by vVARDIS) (CR) and Curodont Repair Fluoride Plus (Credentis; now manufactured by vVARDIS) on initial caries lesions. Primary outcomes were lesion progression after 24 months, caries arrest, and cavitation. Secondary outcomes were changes in merged International Caries Detection and Assessment System score categories, quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF; Inspektor Research System), esthetic appearance, and lesion size. RESULTS Six clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. Results of this review represent 2 primary and 2 secondary outcomes. When compared with parallel groups, use of CR likely results in a large increase in caries arrest (relative risk [RR], 1.82 [95% CI, 1.32 to 2.50]; 45% attributable risk [95% CI, 24% to 60%]; number needed to treat [NNT], 2.8) and likely decreases lesion size by a mean (SD) of 32% (28%). The evidence also suggests that use of CR results in a large reduction in cavitation (RR, 0.32 [95% CI, 0.10 to 1.06]; NNT, 6.9) and is uncertain about lowering merged International Caries Detection and Assessment System score (RR, 3.68 [95% CI, 0.42 to 32.3]; NNT, 19). No studies used Curodont Repair Fluoride Plus. No studies reported adverse esthetic changes. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS CR likely has clinically important effects on caries arrest and decreased lesion size. Two trials had nonmasked assessors, and all trials had elevated risks of bias. The authors recommend conducting longer trials. CR is a promising treatment for initial caries lesions. The protocol for this systematic review was registered a priori with PROSPERO (304794).
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Ruff RR, Monse B, Duijster D, Itchon GS, Naliponguit E, Benzian H. Effectiveness of school-based strategies to prevent tooth decay in Filipino children: A cluster-randomized trial. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:219-227. [PMID: 35112386 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence for affordable and pragmatic programmes to address the burden of untreated tooth decay in children in low- and middle-income settings is limited. This study aimed to (1) assess the effect of a government-run, school-based daily group toothbrushing programme compared to standard school-based oral health education on the incidence of dental caries and odontogenic infections in Filipino children over a period of 3 years; and (2) assess the additional preventive effect of on-demand oral urgent treatment (OUT) and weekly fluoride gel application. METHODS A cluster-randomized trial was conducted in Camiguin, Philippines. Schools in three regions were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: The Essential Health Care Programme (EHCP), which includes daily toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste; EHCP plus twice-yearly access to on-demand urgent oral treatment (EHCP + OUT) and EHCP plus weekly application of high-concentrated fluoride gel (EHCP + Fluoride). Schools in a nearby province with a similar child population were selected as external concurrent control group. Clinical oral examinations were performed by calibrated dentists from a random sample of 682 seven-year-old students who were examined at baseline and over the following 3 years. Outcome variables were the number of decayed primary teeth, the number of decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and surfaces (DMFS), and the number of permanent teeth with pulpal involvement, ulcerations, fistula or abscess (PUFA). Data were analysed using multilevel mixed-effects negative binomial regression. RESULTS Three years after implementation, increments in dental caries and odontogenic infections in permanent teeth did not significantly differ between the EHCP and control group, yet the incidence of DMFT was lower by 22% in children receiving EHCP. Compared to controls, children receiving EHCP + Fluoride had a significantly lower increment of DMFT, DMFS and PUFA by 40%, 40% and 47%, respectively. Children receiving EHCP + OUT had lower incidence rates of DMFT and DMFS than control children by 23% and 28%, respectively. A lower incidence rate was also found for PUFA, but the effect was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that the weekly application of fluoride gel and urgent oral treatment, in addition to daily school-based toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste, are realistic and effective strategies to lower the burden of dental caries in Filipino children. Implementation challenges may explain why no substantial caries-preventive benefits were demonstrated for school-based toothbrushing only. Intervention compliance should be considered in future programme implementation and evaluation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Richard Ruff
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bella Monse
- Regional Fit for School Programme, Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Manila, Philippines
| | - Denise Duijster
- Department of Social Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gina Santos Itchon
- Center for Global Health, Xavier University School of Medicine, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines
| | | | - Habib Benzian
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, WHO Collaborating Center Quality Improvement & Evidence-based Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Bohnhoff JC, Xue L, Hollander MAG, Burgette JM, Cole ES, Ray KN, Donohue J, Roberts ET. Healthcare Utilization Among Children Receiving Permanent Supportive Housing. Pediatrics 2023; 151:e2022059833. [PMID: 36974602 PMCID: PMC10071430 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-059833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Permanent supportive housing (PSH) integrates long-term housing and supports for families and individuals experiencing homelessness. Although PSH is frequently provided to families with children, little is known about the impacts of PSH among children. We examined changes in health care visits among children receiving PSH compared with similar children who did not receive PSH. METHODS We analyzed Pennsylvania Medicaid administrative data for children entering PSH between 2011 and 2016, matching to a comparison cohort with similar demographic and clinical characteristics who received non-PSH housing services. We conducted propensity score-weighted difference-in-differences (DID) analyses to compare changes in health care visits 3 years before and after children entered PSH versus changes in the comparison cohort. RESULTS We matched 705 children receiving PSH to 3141 in the comparison cohort. Over 3 years following PSH entry, dental visits among children entering PSH increased differentially relative to the comparison cohort (DID: 12.70 visits per 1000 person-months, 95% confidence interval: 3.72 to 21.67). We did not find differential changes in preventive medicine visits, hospitalizations, or emergency department (ED) visits overall. When stratified by age, children ≤5 years old at PSH entry experienced a greater decrease in ED visits relative to the comparison cohort (DID: -13.16 visits per 1000 person-months, 95% confidence interval: -26.23 to -0.10). However, emergency visit trends before PSH entry differed between the cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Children in PSH had relatively greater increases in dental visits, and younger children entering PSH may have experienced relative reductions in ED visits. Policymakers should consider benefits to children when evaluating the overall value of PSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Bohnhoff
- Schools of Medicine
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lingshu Xue
- Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Evan S. Cole
- Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristin N. Ray
- Schools of Medicine
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Julie Donohue
- Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric T. Roberts
- Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Slavkin HC, Dubois PA, Kleinman DV, Fuccillo R. Science-Informed Health Policies for Oral and Systemic Health. J Healthc Leadersh 2023; 15:43-57. [PMID: 36960302 PMCID: PMC10028303 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s363657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral, dental and craniofacial (ODC) health has a profound impact on general health and welfare throughout life, yet US dentists and physicians operate across misaligned silos. This protracted division limits access to optimal health, supports fee for services, and exacerbates health disparities. Early in the 20th century, the most frequent dental therapy was tooth extraction: removed infected teeth were substituted by prosthetic appliances - commonly, dentures or nothing. Most adults assumed becoming edentulous was a normal corollary of aging. With the discovery of penicillin and other antibiotics, healthcare professionals and policy makers predicted infectious diseases would become irrelevant. However, given numerous health threats, including SARS-CoV-2, HIV, multidrug-resistant bacteria, Zika virus, Ebola virus, and now monkeypox, public and professional awareness of transmissible infectious diseases has never been more evident. Ironically, little attention has been paid to unmet transmissible, infectious, common oral diseases - dental caries and periodontal diseases. Therefore, these persist within "the silent and invisible epidemic". The preventable death of a young boy in 2007 from an infected untreated tooth that produced bacterial meningitis is a profound reminder that our nation has vast inequities in education, health, and welfare. The impact of oral infections on hospital-acquired pneumonia, post-operative infection in cardiac valve surgery, and even academic performances of disadvantaged children displayed through sociodemographic characteristics and access to care determinants also are profound! This paper asserts that current and emerging ODC health knowledge and science will inform health policies and advance equity in access to care, affordable costs, and optimal healthcare outcomes. We recommend that legal and regulatory systems and public health programs be required to ensure health equity. A fair healthcare system that addresses holistic healthcare must be transparent, accessible, integrated and provide a standard of oral healthcare based upon scientific evidence for all people across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold C Slavkin
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter A Dubois
- California Dental Association, California Dental Association Holding Company, Inc., Sacramento, California, USA
| | | | - Ralph Fuccillo
- Cambridge Concord Associates, Stoneham, Massachusetts, USA
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Moreno-Barrera A, Morales-Ruiz P, Ribas Pérez D, Flores-Fraile J, Castaño-Seiquer A. Analysis and Evaluation of Dental Caries in a Mexican Population: A Descriptive Transversal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3873. [PMID: 36900884 PMCID: PMC10001530 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oral diseases are an important public health problem owing to their high prevalence and strong impact on people, particularly in disadvantaged populations. There is a strong relationship between the socioeconomic situation and the prevalence and severity of these diseases. Mexico is among the countries with a higher frequency range in oral diseases, highlighting dental caries, which affect more than 90% of the Mexican population. MATERIALS AND METHOD A cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study was carried out in 552 individuals who underwent a complete cariogenic clinical examination in different populations of the state of Yucatan. All individuals were evaluated after providing informed consent and with the consent of their legal guardians for those under legal age. We used the caries measurement methods described by the World Health Organization (WHO). Prevalence of caries, DMFT, and dft indexes were measured. Other aspects were also studied, such as oral habits and the use of public or private dental services. RESULTS The prevalence of caries in permanent dentition was 84%. Moreover, it was found to be statistically related to the following variables: place of residence, socioeconomic level, gender, and level of education (p < 0.05). For primary teeth, the prevalence was 64% and there was no statistical relation with any of the variables studied (p > 0.05). Regarding the other aspects studied, more than 50% of the sample used private dental services. CONCLUSIONS There is a high need for dental treatment in the population studied. It is necessary to develop prevention and treatment strategies considering the particularities of each population, driving collaborative projects to promote better oral health conditions in disadvantaged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Ribas Pérez
- Department of Stomatology, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain
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The Impact of Dental Care Programs on Individuals and Their Families: A Scoping Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11020033. [PMID: 36826178 PMCID: PMC9954911 DOI: 10.3390/dj11020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant global improvements in oral health, inequities persist. Targeted dental care programs are perceived as a viable approach to both improving oral health and to address inequities. However, the impacts of dental care programs on individual and family oral health outcomes remain unclear. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this scoping review is to map the evidence on impacts of existing dental programs, specifically on individual and family level outcomes. METHODS We systematically searched four scientific databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts for studies published in the English language between December 1999 and November 2021. Search terms were kept broad to capture a range of programs. Four reviewers (AG, VD, AE, and KKP) independently screened the abstracts and reviewed full-text articles and extracted the data. Cohen's kappa inter-rater reliability score was 0.875, indicating excellent agreement between the reviewers. Data were summarized according to the PRISMA statement. RESULTS The search yielded 65,887 studies, of which 76 were included in the data synthesis. All but one study assessed various individual-level outcomes (n = 75) and only five investigated family outcomes. The most common program interventions are diagnostic and preventive (n = 35, 46%) care, targeted children (n = 42, 55%), and delivered in school-based settings (n = 28, 37%). The majority of studies (n = 43, 57%) reported a significant improvement in one or more of their reported outcomes; the most assessed outcome was change in dental decay (n = 35). CONCLUSIONS Dental care programs demonstrated effectiveness in addressing individual oral health outcomes. However, evidence to show the impact on family-related outcomes remains limited and requires attention in future research.
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Ghoneim A, Ebnahmady A, D'Souza V, Parbhakar KK, He H, Gerbig M, Singhal S, Quiñonez C. The impact of dental care programs on healthcare system and societal outcomes: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1574. [PMID: 36564768 PMCID: PMC9780625 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental diseases have detrimental effects on healthcare systems and societies at large. Providing access to dental care can arguably improve health outcomes, reduce healthcare utilization costs, and improve several societal outcomes. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to review the literature to assess the impacts of dental care programs on healthcare and societal outcomes. Specifically, to identify the nature of such programs, including the type of services delivered, who was targeted, where services were delivered, and how access to dental care was enabled. Also, what kind of societal and healthcare outcomes have been attempted to be addressed through these programs were identified. METHODS We conducted a scoping review by searching four databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts. Relevant articles published in English language from January 2000 to February 2022 were screened by four reviewers to determine eligibility for inclusion. RESULTS The search resulted in 29,468 original articles, of which 25 were included in the data synthesis. We found minimal evidence that answers our proposed research question. The majority of identified programs have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing medical and dental healthcare utilization (especially for non-preventive services) and avert more invasive treatments, and to a lesser degree, resulting in cost-savings. Moreover, some promising but limited evidence about program impacts on societal outcomes such as reducing homelessness and improving employability was reported. CONCLUSION Despite the well-known societal and economic consequences of dental problem, there is a paucity of studies that address the impacts of dental care programs from the societal and healthcare system perspectives. MESH TERMS Delivery of Health Care, Dental Care, Outcome assessment, Patient acceptance of Health Care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezoo Ebnahmady
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Violet D'Souza
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Helen He
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Madeline Gerbig
- Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sonica Singhal
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carlos Quiñonez
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON, Canada
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Ria N, Simaremare SA, Manurung NK. Education of Dental Health Maintenance Using Paint Application. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Education of dental health maintenance is important for children, because the lack of knowledge of children in maintaining dental health will affect the development of dental health in adulthood. The success of education is influenced, among others, by the media or tools used.
AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of education using paint application media on the risk factors for caries.
METHODOLOGY: This type of research was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test designs. To find out changes in knowledge, a questionnaire was administered. The sample was elementary school students, aged 8-10 years and the number of samples were 60 people. Data analysis using paired t test.
RESULTS: This study showed that there was a significant effect on the average value obtained from students' knowledge before and after the intervention using the paint application. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the use of paint applications as a medium for education media of dental health maintenance
CONCLUSION: Education using paint application media has increased students' knowledge. It was stated that education using paint applications had an effect on increasing students' knowledge in maintaining dental health. It is hoped that the use of the Paint Application media will be an alternative in the selection of dental health maintenance educational aids.
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Rankine J, Fuhrman B, Copperman E, Miller E, Culyba A. School Absenteeism Among Middle School Students With High Exposure to Violence. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:1300-1308. [PMID: 35342032 PMCID: PMC9509495 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic school absenteeism is linked to failure to graduate high school and poor health in adulthood. Contextual factors associated with absenteeism may be under-recognized in school and clinical settings. We examined the prevalence of self-reported absenteeism and violence exposure and their association among middle school students with identified risk of trauma. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from a dating violence prevention program. Participants completed surveys identifying lifetime exposure to 10 types of violence and past 30-day absence. Violence exposure and absenteeism were summarized and compared across demographic groups. Generalized linear models examined associations between 1) any history of violence exposure, 2) each type of violence exposure, and 3) summed exposures to different types of violence, and frequent absenteeism (≥2 absences in past 30 days). RESULTS Of all participants (overall n = 499), 45.5% reported frequent absenteeism and 71.5% reported violence exposure. Any self-reported violence exposure was associated with absenteeism (aRR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.06-1.92). However, no specific type of violence exposure predicted absenteeism. Comparing summed exposures to different types of violence to no violence exposure, exposure to 1 type of violence was associated with absenteeism (aRR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.15-2.20), with no evidence of stronger associations with greater exposure (2-3 types: aRR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.00-1.88; ≥4 types: aRR = 1.31, 95%CI: 0.98-1.74). CONCLUSIONS Youth in this sample reported both high rates of violence exposure and absenteeism. Prior violence exposure was associated with absenteeism. Resources and contextual support for youth exposed to family or community violence may play a role in school attendance, emphasizing need for trauma-sensitive approaches to absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelin Rankine
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 120 Lytton Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.
| | - Barbara Fuhrman
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 120 Lytton Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Ethan Copperman
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 120 Lytton Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 120 Lytton Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Alison Culyba
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 120 Lytton Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa
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Impact of school sealant programs on oral health among youth and identification of potential barriers to implementation. J Am Dent Assoc 2022; 153:970-978.e4. [PMID: 35953306 PMCID: PMC10054320 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND School sealant programs (SSPs) increase sealant prevalence among children lacking access to oral health care. SSPs, however, are substantially underused. From 2013 through 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded 18 states for SSP activities in high-need schools (≥ 50% free and reduced-price meal program participation). From 2019 through 2020, the authors assessed SSPs' impact in reducing caries and how states expanded SSPs. The authors also discuss potential barriers to expansion. METHODS For Aim 1, the authors used a published methodology and SSP baseline screening and 1-year retention data to estimate averted caries over 9 years attributable to SSPs. For Aim 2, the authors used state responses to an online survey, phone interviews, and annual administrative reports. RESULTS Using data for 62,750 children attending 18.6% of high-need schools in 16 states, the authors estimated that 7.5% of sound, unsealed molars would develop caries annually without sealants and placing 4 sealants would prevent caries in 1 molar. Fourteen states reported SSP expansion in high-need schools. The 2 most frequently reported barriers to SSP expansion were levels of funding and policies requiring dentists to be present at assessment or sealant placement. CONCLUSIONS The authors found that SSPs typically served children at elevated caries risk and reduced caries. In addition, the authors identified funding levels and policies governing supervision of dental hygienists as possible barriers to SSP expansion. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Increasing SSP prevalence could reduce caries. Further research on potential barriers to SSP implementation identified in this study could provide critical information for long-term SSP sustainability.
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Abstract
Low-income children have higher rates of unmet oral health needs. Prior research suggests that poor oral health is associated with lower academic performance but uses cross-sectional and mostly parent-reported measures. This study examined the association between oral health during the first 5 y of life and subsequent academic achievement for low-income children. Birth certificates of children born in Iowa in 1999-2009 were linked to Medicaid enrollment and dental claims data in 1999-2014 and reading and math standardized school test scores for grades 2 through 11. The following oral health measures were examined: having minor dental treatments (mostly surface fillings), major dental treatments (mostly crowns and pulpotomy) or extractions, and comprehensive dental exams during the first 5 y of life. Regression models were estimated adjusting for sociodemographic factors, early infant health, and school district effects. The sample included 28,859 children and 127,464 child-grade observations. In total, 21%, 12%, and 62% of children had at least 1 minor dental treatment, 1 major treatment or extraction, and 1 comprehensive dental exam in the first 5 y of life, respectively. Children who received a minor dental treatment had higher reading and math scores by 1 percentile (95% CI, 0.09-1.9) and 0.9 percentiles (95% CI, 0.02-1.8), respectively. Children who had a major dental treatment or extraction had lower reading and math scores by 2.4 (95% CI, -3.5 to -1.4) and 1.8 (95% CI, -2.8 to -0.8) percentiles. Children who had a comprehensive oral exam had higher reading and math scores by 0.7 (95% CI, 0.06-1.4) and 1.2 (95% CI, 0.6-1.9) percentiles. The findings suggest that children's oral health before school age is associated with academic achievement later during school years.
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Affiliation(s)
- G.L. Wehby
- Department of Health Management and
Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Economics, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Preventive &
Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Public Policy Center, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- National Bureau of Economic Research,
Cambridge, MA, USA
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Quiñonez C, Jones JA, Vujicic M, Tomar SL, Lee JY. The 2021 report on oral health in America: Directions for the future of dental public health and the oral health care system. J Public Health Dent 2022; 82:133-137. [PMID: 35611708 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the two decades between Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General and Oral Health in America: Advances and Challenges much good happened but intractable challenges persist. Inequity in oral health status, utilization, and access to care continue to negatively affect the health and economic wellbeing of Americans and their families, local, state, and federal health care systems, and American society overall. To move the nation forward, we argue that: more emphasis is needed in prevention; access to care must be improved to mitigate inequity; newer understandings of oral disease must be leveraged in the service of health and health care; the value that oral health brings to economic wellbeing must be elucidated; better policy choices must be made in all of the above; and more effective oral health care leaders in driving policy change must be trained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Quiñonez
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judith A Jones
- School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Marko Vujicic
- American Dental Association, Health Policy Institute, Chicago, USA
| | - Scott L Tomar
- Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jessica Y Lee
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Khalid G, Metzner F, Pawils S. Prevalence of dental neglect and associated risk factors in children and adolescents-A systematic review. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:436-446. [PMID: 34585811 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental neglect (DN) is characterized within the wider framework of child neglect, though it is under-recognized by professionals. AIM To get an overview of the prevalence of DN worldwide and highlight the possible risk factors associated with it. METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies on children and adolescents aged 0-19 years were included. Studies were identified by searching in the various scientific databases up to 14 January 2020. RESULTS Ten primary studies were included in which DN or indicators of DN were examined. The prevalence estimate range of DN reported by seven of the included studies after removing the outliers is from 34% to 56%. The prevalence of untreated caries reported by three of the included studies ranged from 38.9% to 99%. The education level and SES of parents and parental attitudes towards dental health affect children's oral health. Moreover, looked-after children and children of refugees are at higher risk of DN. CONCLUSION The study showed a high prevalence of DN and untreated caries. Due to the under-reporting of DN and a limited number of included studies, the results cannot be generalized worldwide. There is a need to make policies that include reporting of DN to higher authorities by dental professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Khalid
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franka Metzner
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke Pawils
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Sandom F, Hearnshaw S, Grant S, Williams L, Brocklehurst P. The in-practice prevention programme: an example of flexible commissioning from Yorkshire and the Humber. Br Dent J 2022:10.1038/s41415-022-4140-y. [PMID: 35383286 PMCID: PMC8982659 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-4140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction An In-Practice Prevention (IPP) programme was developed by the Local Dental Network in the North Yorkshire and the Humber area in England in response to an oral health needs assessment. The underpinning logic model drew on a flexible commissioning approach and aimed to incentivise dental teams with NHS contracts to promote the delivery of prevention. This used care pathways that involved the whole dental team and was cost-neutral.Aim The programme was evaluated using realist methodology to identify 'what works, in which circumstances, how and for who?'.Design Realist evaluations are explanatory in nature and attempt to understand the factors that appear to influence the success (or not) of an intervention, rather than demonstrating causality.Methods and results Following a review of the pertinent literature, semi-structured interviews and focus groups, five theory areas were considered to be critical to the delivery of IPP. In order of stated priority, these were: 1) clinical leadership; 2) 'skill mix'; 3) financial incentives; 4) institutional logic/practice culture; and 5) behaviour change.Conclusion The results appear to show that clinically-led programmes could offer value to dental commissioners within a flexible commissioning model, although this would need to be further tested using an experiment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Sandom
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, UK
| | | | - Siobhan Grant
- Public Health England, North Yorkshire and the Humber Area, UK
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Mattos MG, Santos PP, Souza IPRD, Luiz RR, Maia LC, Neves ADA. Association Between Caries Experience and School Performance in an Island Community: Full-Time versus Part-Time Public Schools. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2022.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Simon A, Cage J, Akinkugbe AA. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Oral Health Outcomes in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12313. [PMID: 34886034 PMCID: PMC8657285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cross-sectional associations between exposure to nine Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and U.S. children's and adolescent's oral health outcomes. Data from 41,294 participants of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) were analyzed. Past year exposure to ACE, oral health outcomes (decayed teeth, bleeding gums, and condition of the teeth), and child and caregiver sociodemographic factors were self-reported. Using SAS v. 9.4, propensity score weighted, multilevel survey-logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) of the proposed associations. The overall mean (SE) age was 8.9 (0.1) years with 51% being male. Fifty-four percent (54%) identified as non-Hispanic white, and 12% as non-Hispanic black. The prevalence of the nine ACE measures ranged from 3% for caregiver death to 25% for financial hardship and parental divorce. Children who experienced caregiver mental illness, when compared to those who did not, were more likely to report decayed teeth (AOR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.24, 2.42)) and the condition of their teeth as fair/poor (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.61, 4.19). Children in households with financial hardship were about twice as likely to report dental caries (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.50, 2.29) and have fair/poor teeth (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.51) and bleeding gums (AOR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.48, 3.86). ACEs appear to be associated with worse oral health outcomes among children and adolescents. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional nature of this study precludes a causal interpretation of these findings and necessitates more research to elucidate the oral health impacts of exposure to ACEs in longitudinal follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Simon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Jamie Cage
- School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Aderonke A. Akinkugbe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Department of Dental Public Health and Policy, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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Al Daajani MM, Al-Habib DM, Ibrahim MH, Al Shewear NA, Fagihi YM, Alzaher AA, Alfaleh AF, Alabdulkareem KI. Prevalence of Health Problems Targeted by the National School-Based Screening Program among Primary School Students in Saudi Arabia, 2019. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1310. [PMID: 34682990 PMCID: PMC8544408 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) established a National School-Based Screening Program (NSBSP) for health screening of schoolchildren. Students from specific grades were systematically screened for several health problems, including obesity, visual and auditory problems, dental cavities, scoliosis, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of these health problems among primary school students based on secondary data obtained from the NSBSP. We included 444,259 screened school children from the first and fourth grades of 50% of the selected schools (both private and public) across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) during the academic year 2018-2019. Among them, the most prevalent health problems identified were dental cavities (38.7%), eye refractory errors (10.9%), and overweight and obesity (10.5%); the less prevalent problems included ADHD (2.81%), auditory problems (0.6%), and scoliosis (0.48%). A greater prevalence of most health problems was observed in girls more than boys. The NSBSP successfully aided the detection of health conditions with high and low prevalence among primary school students in the KSA, and thus, the identification of health problems of specific concern. Implementation of effective school health services for the prevention, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of these health problems are imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dina Mohammed Al-Habib
- General Administration of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia; (D.M.A.-H.); (M.H.I.); (N.A.A.S.); (Y.M.F.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Mona Hamed Ibrahim
- General Administration of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia; (D.M.A.-H.); (M.H.I.); (N.A.A.S.); (Y.M.F.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
- Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Nora Abdulrhman Al Shewear
- General Administration of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia; (D.M.A.-H.); (M.H.I.); (N.A.A.S.); (Y.M.F.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Yahya Mohammad Fagihi
- General Administration of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia; (D.M.A.-H.); (M.H.I.); (N.A.A.S.); (Y.M.F.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Abrar Abdulazeem Alzaher
- General Administration of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia; (D.M.A.-H.); (M.H.I.); (N.A.A.S.); (Y.M.F.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Amjad Fawzi Alfaleh
- General Administration of School Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia; (D.M.A.-H.); (M.H.I.); (N.A.A.S.); (Y.M.F.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.A.)
- General Directorate of Medical Consultation, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Ibrahim Alabdulkareem
- Family Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
- Primary Health Care, Assisting Deputyship for Primary Health Care, MOH, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
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Umotong E. Consideration of equality, diversity, and inclusivity as a higher function. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:1040-1042. [PMID: 34503856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Equality, inclusivity, and diversity remain pertinent topics in healthcare not only for the benefit of patients but also for the workforce. Schemes have existed for many years, but in spite of the progress being made, it remains necessary to reiterate the importance of these terms and to make a conscious effort to enforce them. This paper describes prejudices and stereotypes as a function of the Bayesian brain, beyond human control, and suggests that a higher function is needed to recognise and over-ride these innate thought processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Umotong
- Flat 2A Avenham Tower, 16 Bank Parade, Preston, PR1 3TA.
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31
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Rajiah K, Lim WK, Madeline Teoh PL, Binti Mas'od MA, Lim WY, Poh Chou LL, Mak ZQ. Community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and practices towards oral healthcare and its management: A systematic review. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14096. [PMID: 33619786 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community pharmacists play a significant part in providing oral healthcare advice as there are significant connections between oral healthcare and body system healthcare. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature regarding the knowledge, attitudes and practice of community pharmacists in managing oral healthcare problems. METHODS A systematic review was conducted through Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Studies regarding knowledge, attitudes and practice of management of dental care by community pharmacists between 1990 and 2019 were included. RESULTS Forest plot was performed to access knowledge, attitudes and practice of community pharmacist on oral healthcare. The results showed there were 44% of community pharmacists have a lack of knowledge on oral healthcare to provide an appropriate recommendation to patients with dental problems. Eighty-eight per cent of community pharmacists were willing to improve their knowledge of oral healthcare. There were 86% of them recognised that their role was significant in oral health. However, there were 59% of community pharmacists who had poor attitude in providing oral health information. CONCLUSIONS Community pharmacists were lacking knowledge on oral health mainly because of paucity in providing appropriate training courses. This has led to poor practices towards oral healthcare as they were unable to provide suitable products recommendations to the patients. This has led the community pharmacists into lack of attitudes in providing oral health information. However, most of the community pharmacists were conscious of their role in the oral healthcare system and were willing to improve their knowledge of oral healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingston Rajiah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weng Kit Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Lin Madeline Teoh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Win Yi Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lorni Ling Poh Chou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zi Qing Mak
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Quadros LN, Rebelo MAB, de Queiroz AC, Pereira JV, Vettore MV, Rebelo Vieira JM. Clinical consequences of untreated dental caries and school performance in low-income adolescents. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:619-626. [PMID: 33222334 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The possible link between dental status and school performance has been investigated. The influence of the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries in this association, however, has been minimally explored. AIM To assess the relationship between clinical consequences of untreated dental caries and school performance in adolescents, and to examine the demographics and socioeconomic status pathways by which clinical consequences of untreated dental caries is associated with school performance. DESIGN A cross-sectional study involving 363 low-income school adolescents was conducted in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Dental clinical measures were registered by five calibrated examiners to evaluate dental caries experience (decayed, missing, and filled teeth index [DMFT]) and clinical sequelae of dental caries (PUFA/pufa index). School performance was assessed using school grade history obtained from official records. Statistical analysis was conducted using pathway analysis to estimate beta coefficients (β) of the direct and indirect effects between variables. RESULTS DMFT and PUFA/pufa mean were 1.93 and 0.30, respectively. PUFA/pufa scores (β = -0.19) and male sex (β = 0.35) directly predicted poor school performance. DMFT was indirectly linked to poor school performance via PUFA/pufa scores (β = -0.03). CONCLUSIONS Dental caries and clinical consequences of dental caries were important predictors of poor school performance in low-income adolescents via direct and indirect effects.
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Aldosari MA, Bukhari OM, Ruff RR, Palmisano JN, Nguyen H, Douglass CW, Niederman R, Starr JR. Comprehensive, School-Based Preventive Dentistry: Program Details and Students' Unmet Dental Needs. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2021; 91:761-770. [PMID: 34389994 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this paper, we describe the design, program details, and baseline demographics and oral health of participants in ForsythKids, a regional, comprehensive, school-based mobile caries prevention program. METHODS We solicited all Massachusetts elementary schools with greater than 50% of students receiving free or reduced-price meals. Six schools initially elected to participate, ultimately followed by over 50 schools. Interventions were based on systematic reviews and randomized controlled caries prevention trials. Participating students received semiannual dental examinations, followed by comprehensive preventive care. Summary statistics regarding oral health indicators were derived from individual tooth- and surface-level data. RESULTS Over a 6-year period, data were collected on 6927 children. The number of students per school ranged from 58 to 681. The overall participation rate was 15%, ranging from 10% to 29%. Overall, 57% of the children were younger than 8 years at baseline. Approximately, 54% of children experienced dental decay on any tooth at baseline; 32% had untreated decay on any tooth, 29% had untreated decay on primary teeth, and 10% untreated decay on permanent teeth. CONCLUSIONS Untreated dental decay was double the national average, even in schools within several blocks of community dental clinics. These data demonstrate the need for caries prevention beyond the traditional dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muath A Aldosari
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, 3094 King Saud University, Riyadh 12372-7224, Saudi Arabia; Lecturer, Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115., USA
| | - Omair M Bukhari
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Preventive Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of Dentistry, 2275 Al Awali District, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryan Richard Ruff
- Associate Professor, , Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry and College of Global Public Health, 433 First Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10044., USA
| | - Joseph N Palmisano
- Director, , Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, 85 East Newton Street, M921, Boston, MA, 02118., USA
| | - Helen Nguyen
- Public Health Dentist, , Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142; Lecturer, Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115., USA
| | - Chester W Douglass
- Professor Emeritus, , Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115., USA
| | - Richard Niederman
- Professor, , Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10044., USA
| | - Jacqueline R Starr
- Director of Strategic Initiatives, , Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Lecturer, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine., USA
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Choi ES, Jeon HS, Mun SJ. Association between sleep habits and symptoms of oral disease in adolescents: the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:233. [PMID: 33941148 PMCID: PMC8094500 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep habits and oral disease symptoms in adolescents. METHODS Among 62,276 adolescents who participated in the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2017), we selected a total of 54,766 adolescents (age, 12-18 years; male, 49.9%) for the final analysis, after excluding those who did not report their sleep duration. The 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data were obtained from a stratified, multistage, clustered sample. Independent variables included general characteristics, oral health behavior, sleep types, sleep duration, and sleep quality; dependent variables comprised oral disease symptoms. Sleep was categorized according to bedtime astype A (bedtime < 1 a.m.) and type B (bedtime ≥ 1 a.m.). Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS After adjusting for all covariates, adolescents with type A sleep had a higher risk of toothache on chewing (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.15) than adolescents with type B. Adolescents who slept for 6 h or less each night had a higher risk of pain in the tongue and buccal mucosa (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.18-1.54), gingival pain, and bleeding (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.19-1.45) than those who slept for more than 8 h. Adolescents with low quality of sleep had a higher risk of toothache or throbbing (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.60-1.81), toothache on chewing (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.65-1.82), and halitosis (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.41-1.59) than those with high quality of sleep. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that some oral symptoms are related to sleep duration and quality. It is essential to inculcate good sleeping habits in adolescents by emphasizing the effects of inadequate sleep duration and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sil Choi
- Department of Dental Hygiene, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Jeon
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Yeoju Institute of Technology, Yeoju, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Jung Mun
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, 26493, Wonju, Gangwondo, Republic of Korea.
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Burgette JM, Weyant RJ, Ettinger AK, Miller E, Ray KN. What is the association between income loss during the COVID-19 pandemic and children's dental care? J Am Dent Assoc 2021; 152:369-376. [PMID: 33810832 PMCID: PMC7867385 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The degree to which children experience unmet need for dental care during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with pandemic-related household job or income loss are unknown. METHODS The authors performed a cross-sectional household survey of 348 families in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from June 25 through July 2, 2020. Unmet need for child dental care and pandemic-related household job or income loss were assessed using caregiver self-report. RESULTS Caregivers reported that the greatest unmet child health care need during the COVID-19 pandemic was dental care (16%), followed by medical care for a well visit or vaccination (5%). Approximately 40% of caregivers reported job loss or a decrease in household income due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors found a significant association between the probability of unmet child dental care and pandemic-related household job or income loss (P = .022). Losing a job or experiencing a decrease in income due to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with unmet child dental care (relative risk, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 2.88). CONCLUSIONS In this sample, 3 times as many households reported unmet dental care for a child compared with unmet medical care. Unmet child dental care was more common in households where pandemic-related job or income loss occurred. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS If unmet dental care continues as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, nontraditional strategies for delivering dental care can be considered to improve access to dental care for children, such as teledentistry and oral health prevention services in primary care settings.
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García-Pola M, González-Díaz A, García-Martín JM. Effect of a Preventive Oral Health Program Starting during Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study Comparing Immigrant and Native Women and Their Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4096. [PMID: 33924511 PMCID: PMC8069462 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate whether including pregnant women in a preventive dental program prevented the appearance of caries in their children up to the age of 6, and whether the effect was similar in children of immigrant and non-immigrant women. In phase I, 90 pregnant women, 45 immigrants and 45 natives, were taught about the development and prevention of caries. In phase II the oral health of their children at the age of 6 (n = 90) was evaluated, along with a control group of children of natives and immigrants of the same age (n = 90). A survey was used to determine participants' backgrounds and habits. A multivariate study of the results was performed using R-core software. The number of children without caries was 128 (71.1%), whereas 52 (28.9%) had caries, 15 from the protocol (16.67%) and 37 from the control group (41.11%), with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). The mean number of caries for the children in the protocol was 0.62 ± 2 and in the control group it was 1.88 ± 2.9 (p = 0.001). In the multivariate analysis the risk of developing caries was higher for the condition of being the child of an immigrant (OR = 11.137), inadequate oral health (OR = 4.993), the children being overweight at the age of 6 (OR = 10.680), and the consumption of candies (OR = 5.042). In conclusion, the preventive protocols started during pregnancy reduced caries in participants' children, which suggests that these protocols should be encouraged. Because immigrant children are more vulnerable to caries, they and their parents should be included in preventive programs once they arrive in the host country.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Pola
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.G.-D.); (J.M.G.-M.)
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Rahaei Z, Moradian E, Falahati-Marvast F. Improving dental-oral health learning in students using a mobile application ("My tooth"): A controlled before and after study. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:512-518. [PMID: 33829640 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tooth decay is one of the most common problems amongst students. Despite considerable educational interventions, it is still very prevalent. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a dental-oral health mobile educational application with the common dental-oral health education amongst elementary school students. METHODS This interventional study was carried out on 158 girl students in the age range of 10-12 years in Mobarakeh City, Iran. The participants were categorized into the intervention and control groups and investigated in the academic year of 2018-2019. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. Initially, all students completed the questionnaires. Later, the intervention group members were trained using dental-oral health mobile educational application and control group received the common dental-oral health educations in lectures and demonstrations. Two months after the last intervention, the same questionnaire was completed and data were analysed by SPSS software. RESULTS Before the intervention, the mean score of behaviour was 13.69 ± 3.89 and 13.93 ± 3.02 (of 21) for the intervention and control groups. At this phase, the difference between the two groups was not significant in the studied dimensions (p > 0.05). After the intervention, mean scores of the intervention group increased significantly with regard to all variables (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study confirmed the positive effect of learning through mobile applications on increasing the students' knowledge, attitude and performance regarding dental-oral health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rahaei
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elham Moradian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Falahati-Marvast
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Bridge G, Martel AS, Lomazzi M. Silver Diamine Fluoride: Transforming Community Dental Caries Program. Int Dent J 2021; 71:458-461. [PMID: 33653594 PMCID: PMC9275183 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Untreated dental caries is the most frequent childhood chronic disease worldwide. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) offers a safe and effective alternative treatment, especially for children. Objective To inform the dental community about the efficacy of SDF in community dental caries programs and to advocate for its use as an affordable and equitable approach to promote health and well-being within the dental setting. Methods A summary of the literature shared during a webinar about the use and efficacy of SDF in community dental programs hosted by the Oral Health Working Group of the World Federation of Public Health Associations Results Based on the traditional “drill-and-fill” approach, the current treatment for severe caries is associated with pain, fear, and poor oral health outcomes in later life. Innovative approaches to prevent and control caries are needed. SDF offers an alternative treatment option for caries. It is a practical, affordable, and acceptable option for caries treatment, eliminating the need for general anaesthetic in young children, and improving long-term oral health outcomes. Conclusion SDF can improve oral health outcomes for community members, especially for individuals from low-socioeconomic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Bridge
- Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK; Queen Mary University, Bethnal Green, London.
| | | | - Marta Lomazzi
- University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; World Federation of Public Health Associations, Geneva, Switzerland
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Mohammadipour HS, Forouzanfar F, Forouzanfar A. The Role of Type 2 Fibroblast Growth Factor in Periodontal Therapy. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:310-317. [PMID: 33153420 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201105152639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of periodontitis is around 20-50% in the global population. If it is not treated, it can cause tooth loss. Periodontal treatment aims at preserving the patient's teeth from various damages, including infection control and restoring lost periodontal tissue. The periodontium has great biological regenerative potential, and several biomaterials can be used to improve the outcome of periodontal treatment. To achieve the goal of periodontal tissue regeneration, numerous studies have used fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) to stimulate the regeneration of both the soft tissue and bone. FGF2 induced a significant increment in the percentage of bone fill, bone mineral levels of the defect sites, length of the regenerated periodontal ligament, angiogenesis, connective tissue formation on the root surface, formation of dense fibers bound to the alveolar bone and newly synthesized cementum in teeth. This review will open further avenues to better understand the FGF2 therapy for periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Forouzanfar
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Jessani A, Quadri MFA, Lefoka P, El-Rabbany A, Hooper K, Lim HJ, Ndobe E, Brondani M, Laronde DM. Oral Health Status and Patterns of Dental Service Utilization of Adolescents in Lesotho, Southern Africa. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:120. [PMID: 33562218 PMCID: PMC7915077 DOI: 10.3390/children8020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the best predictors for unmet dental treatment needs and patterns of dental service utilization by adolescents in the Kingdom of Lesotho, Southern Africa. A self-reported 40-item oral health survey was administered, and clinical oral examinations were conducted in public schools in Maseru from August 10 to August 25, 2016. Associations between psychosocial factors with oral health status and dental service utilization were evaluated using simple, bivariate, and multivariate regressions. Five hundred and twenty-six survey responses and examinations were gathered. The mean age of student participants was 16.4 years of age, with a range between 12 and 19 years of age. More than two thirds (68%; n = 355) of participants were female. The majority reported their quality of life (84%) and general health to be good/excellent (81%). While 95% reported that oral health was very important, only 11% reported their personal dental health as excellent. Three percent reported having a regular family dentist, with the majority (85%) receiving dental care in a hospital or medical clinic setting; only 14% had seen a dental professional within the previous two years. The majority of participants did not have dental insurance (78%). Clinical examination revealed tooth decay on 30% of mandibular and maxillary molars; 65% had some form of gingivitis. In multivariate analysis, not having dental education and access to a regular dentist were the strongest predictors of not visiting a dentist within the last year. Our results suggest that access to oral health care is limited in Lesotho. Further patient oral health education and regular dental care may make an impact on this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Jessani
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Pulane Lefoka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, National University of Lesotho, Maseru 180, Lesotho;
| | - Abdul El-Rabbany
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E4, Canada; (A.E.-R.); (K.H.)
| | - Kirsten Hooper
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E4, Canada; (A.E.-R.); (K.H.)
| | - Hyun Ja Lim
- Department of Community Health & Epidemiology College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E4, Canada;
| | | | - Mario Brondani
- Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Denise M. Laronde
- Oral and Biological Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
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Ivanisevic Z, Uzarevic Z, Lesic S, Vcev A, Matijevic M. Oral Health of Children from the SOS Children's Village in Croatia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020616. [PMID: 33450955 PMCID: PMC7828422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the values of DMFT/DMFS and dft/dfs in the examined groups of children and the assessment of the mothers of the examined groups of children related to the oral health of their children. The research included children from the SOS Children’s Village in Croatia as well as children from biological families from rural and urban areas. The children were examined by the visual–tactile method according to the standardized World Health Organization criteria. dft/DMFT and dfs/DMFS indices were calculated. An analysis of completed questionnaires was made. The children from the SOS Children’s Village demonstrated the lowest mean values of the dft/dfs (2.42/3.31) and DMFT/DMFS (1.61/2.23) indices compared to children from rural and urban areas. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant difference (p = 0.01) in SiC index values between the examined children. In the groups of children from the SOS Children’s Village and from the rural area compared to the children from the urban area, oral hygiene was singled out as the most important factor in the analysis of the main components. An equally significant factor for all the respondents is the assessment of oral health and eating habits. The least significant factor for the group of children from the SOS Children’s Village is socio-economic status, which is the most significant for the children from the urban area. The children from the SOS Children’s village have the lowest dft/DMFT, dfs/DMFS, and SiC indices. The most important factor influencing oral health in the group of children from the SOS Children’s Village that stands out is oral hygiene, and the least important is the socio-economic status. The assessment of oral health by the SOS mothers does not differ from the assessment of biological mothers of children from rural and urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Ivanisevic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.I.); (S.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Zvonimir Uzarevic
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Education, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Stjepanka Lesic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.I.); (S.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Aleksandar Vcev
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.I.); (S.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Marko Matijevic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Z.I.); (S.L.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-9-1224-1501
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Pentapati KC, Yeturu SK, Siddiq H. Global and regional estimates of dental pain among children and adolescents-systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:1-12. [PMID: 32557184 PMCID: PMC7943429 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to evaluate the pooled prevalence of dental pain amongst children and adolescents. METHODS Studies conducted in children and adolescents up to18 years of age and where prevalence of dental is reported or calculated were included. Search was performed in four major databases from inception to June 1st, 2019. Prevalence estimate at the maximal recall for the dental pain for the individual study was used to calculate the overall pooled estimate. RESULTS The prevalence of dental pain ranged from 1.33 to 87.8% in the included publications for quantitative synthesis (n = 97). More than half of the publications reported the lifetime prevalence of dental pain (n = 51) while few studies reported the current prevalence of dental pain (n = 3) and only one study evaluated the dental pain in the past one week. Heterogeneity was high among the included publications (Q = 49,063.12; P < 0.001; df = 96 and I2 = 99.8; P < 0.001). Overall pooled prevalence of dental pain was 32.7 (CI = 29.6-35.9). No difference was seen with respect to the trends in prevalence of dental pain (Coefficient: 0.005; 95% CI - 0.001-0.011; P-value: 0.101). CONCLUSION Two out of ten children below five years, four out of ten children between 6 and 12 years and three out of ten adolescents between 13 and 18 years would have experienced pain in the past. Overall, three out of ten children or adolescents might have experienced dental pain in the past. There was no difference in the pain prevalence between male and females. Studies from Africa reported highest pooled prevalence (50.1%) with least being from Australia (20.7%). Studies from India (40.4%), China (41.3%) and Iran (42.6%) reported high pooled prevalence estimates of dental pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sravan Kumar Yeturu
- grid.411370.00000 0000 9081 2061Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Viswavidya Peetham, Kochi, India
| | - Hanan Siddiq
- grid.411639.80000 0001 0571 5193Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
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Keränen A, Karki S, Anttonen V, Laitala ML. Validating a short form of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) and the Family Impact Scale (FIS) in Finnish language. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:561-566. [PMID: 33367989 PMCID: PMC8302523 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to adapt the short-form versions of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ), and the Family Impact Scale (FIS) in the Finnish language and to test its validity and reliability. Another aim was to compare the background factors of parents with respect to P-CPQ and FIS outcomes. Methods This study was conducted among a convenient sample of parents who visited the public dental clinic in Sievi, Finland, from May to October 2016. A total of 54 parents of 2–8-year-old children completed the short-form of the P-CPQ questionnaire and 50 parents of 2–8-year-olds completed the FIS questionnaire while visiting for their children’s routine dental check-up. Parents completed the self-administered P-CPQ and FIS questionnaires. Reliability and validity of the short-form of the P-CPQ and FIS were assessed. Differences between gender, and family size were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U test and the differences between age groups were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA test. Result The Finnish versions of both the short forms of the P-CPQ and FIS had alpha values within the acceptable range. The scales also showed good construct validity. Toddlers (2–4-year olds) had the highest scores for both the P-CPQ and FIS-8 subscales. Likewise, families with 5 or more children had high FIS scores. Conclusion The short form of the P-CPQ and FIS in Finnish language are valid and reliable. The oral health of the child seems to have the greatest family impact among parents with five or more children and in families with 2–4-year olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Keränen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Aapistie 3, POB 5281, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - S Karki
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Aapistie 3, POB 5281, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - V Anttonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Aapistie 3, POB 5281, 90220, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M-L Laitala
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Aapistie 3, POB 5281, 90220, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Burgette JM. Family Resilience and Connection Is Associated with Dental Caries in US Children. JDR Clin Trans Res 2020; 7:61-70. [PMID: 33353476 DOI: 10.1177/2380084420982250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of family resilience and connection on children's oral health has not been well-documented in the published literature. OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between family resilience and connection and the probability of a child having caregiver-reported dental caries using a nationally representative sample. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health was performed on US children ages 6 to 17 y. Family resilience and connection was assessed using a 6-point index and analyzed as a 3-level categorical variable. Caregivers reported whether their child had "decayed teeth or cavities" during the past 12 mo. Logistic regression was performed controlling for child (age, gender, race/ethnicity, insurance, preventive dental use) and family (education and federal poverty level) characteristics. RESULTS Among the 35,167 children in the sample, 10.4% children had caregiver-reported dental caries. The prevalence of dental caries decreased in a graded fashion with increasing levels of family resilience and connection (12.5%, 10.5%, and 8.8%, respectively; P < 0.001). As compared with children with the lowest level of family resilience and connection, those with the highest level had lower odds of caregiver-reported dental caries after adjusting for child and family covariates (adjusted odds ratio = 0.63; 95% confidence interval = 0.58, 0.69). CONCLUSION Using a nationally representative sample, children living in families with higher levels of resilience and connection had a significantly lower odds of caregiver-reported dental caries. Policies and programs that increase family resilience and connection have the potential to decrease dental caries in school-aged children. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This work suggests an association between family resilience/connection and dental caries in school-aged children. Further work is required to determine the degree to which addressing these constructs might impact child dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Burgette
- Departments of Dental Public Health and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Karam SA, Costa FDS, Schwendicke F, Correa MB, Demarco FF. Oral health and academic performance or absenteeism: Findings from a University in Southern Brazil. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:267-274. [PMID: 33210324 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between oral health conditions and academic performance and absenteeism in university students. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out on a comprehensive sample of 1865 freshman students from the Federal University of Pelotas/Southern Brazil in 2017. A self-administered questionnaire was applied in the classroom, inquiring about socioeconomic, demographic, psychological, academic characteristics and oral conditions (tooth loss, self-reported oral health and toothache). For the dependent variables, academic performance was evaluated by the question: 'How would you describe your academic performance?' while absenteeism was assessed with the question 'In the last six months, have you missed some class for dental reasons?'. Multivariable analyses used hierarchical Poisson regression with backward selection. RESULTS The prevalence of low academic performance was 38.6% and absenteeism due to dental reasons 6.2%. The prevalence of toothache and poor self-perceived oral health was 28% and 20%, respectively. Multivariable analysis found low academic performance to be more prevalent in students with poor self-perceived oral health (PR 1.46; 95% CI 1.22-1.77), and absenteeism to be almost six times more prevalent (PR 5.85; 95% CI 3.84-8.90) in students reporting toothache. CONCLUSIONS Poor oral health is associated with both poor academic performance and absenteeism in university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Arangurem Karam
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Francine Dos Santos Costa
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health, Health Services Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Seirawan H, Parungao K, Habibian M, Slusky N, Edwards C, Artavia M, Cen S, Chan C, Mulligan R. The Children's Health and Maintenance Program (CHAMP): An innovative community outreach oral health promotion program: A randomized trial. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:192-200. [PMID: 33135179 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe CHAMP (Children's Oral Health Promotion Program) evaluating the impact of two motivational methods in increasing dental care access. METHODS CHAMP is a multi-dimensional oral health promotion programme that recruited and screened underprivileged children/families from community sites in Los Angeles County between 2012 and 2018. A randomized clinical trial (RCT) enrolled children/families into one or more motivational interventions (intra-oral camera and/or social work consultation) designed to impact subsequent scheduling of dental appointments. RESULTS CHAMP served 24 535 families. RCT had 418 families with 68.5% scheduling appointments by second follow-up (P < .001). Excluding children with scheduled appointments by first follow-up, children experiencing both interventions were 4.1 (95% CI 1.5-11.2) times more likely to schedule appointments by second follow-up than were the controls (P=<.01). When experiencing both interventions and had never previously been to the dentist, 68.3% scheduled dental appointments; this was significantly higher than the controls (46.7%) (P = .04). The best predictor for families to have scheduled appointments was a dental visit within the last six months [OR = 3.8 (95% CI 2.2-6.6), P < .001]. CONCLUSIONS Outreach health promotion programmes are important and should consider utilizing various motivational techniques to encourage enrolment and treatment at dental homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Seirawan
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristine Parungao
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mina Habibian
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Slusky
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christine Edwards
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Margarita Artavia
- USC Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven Cen
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chan Chan
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roseann Mulligan
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Cothron A, McLeod C. Time is on the side of change in dentistry. J Public Health Dent 2020; 80 Suppl 2:S100-S103. [DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline McLeod
- The DentaQuest Partnership for Oral Health Advancement Boston MA USA
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Khouja T, Burgette JM, Donohue JM, Roberts ET. Association between Medicaid expansion, dental coverage policies for adults, and children's receipt of preventive dental services. Health Serv Res 2020; 55:642-650. [PMID: 32700423 PMCID: PMC7518821 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether low-income children's use of preventive dental services is linked to variation in state Medicaid policies that affect parents' access to dental care in Medicaid. DATA SOURCES Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2011-2016), Area Health Resources File, and Medicaid adult dental coverage policies. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a quasi-experimental analysis using linked parent-child dyads in low-income families (≤125 percent of the Federal Poverty Level). We assessed whether expansions of Medicaid to low-income adults under the Affordable Care Act were associated with increases in the use of preventive dental services among low-income children when state Medicaid programs did vs did not cover these services for adults. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Over the study period, 37.8 percent of low-income children received at least one annual preventive dental visit. We found no change in children's receipt of preventive dental care associated with Medicaid expansions in states that covered (1.26 percentage points; 95% CI: -3.74 to 6.27) vs did not cover preventive dental services for adults (3.03 percentage points; 95% CI: -2.76 to 8.81). (differential change: -1.76 percentage points; 95% CI: -8.09, 4.56). However, our estimates are imprecise, with wide confidential intervals that are unable to rule out sizable effects in either direction. CONCLUSION We did not find an association between Medicaid expansions with concurrent coverage of preventive dental services for adults and children's use of these services. Factors other than parental access to dental benefits through Medicaid may be more salient determinants of preventive dental care use among low-income children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tumader Khouja
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline M. Burgette
- Departments of Dental Public Health and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - Julie M. Donohue
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - Eric T. Roberts
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPennsylvania
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Dudovitz R, Teutsch C, Holt K, Herman A. Improving parent oral health literacy in Head Start programs. J Public Health Dent 2020; 80:150-158. [PMID: 32083725 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parental low oral health literacy is thought to contribute to child oral health disparities. Few large-scale interventions can improve oral health literacy for diverse, high-risk populations. We sought to determine whether an oral health literacy intervention aimed at parents of children attending Head Start programs improved oral health literacy and behaviors. METHODS Staff from 29 Head Start agencies across the country were trained to deliver a parent oral health literacy intervention. Parent surveys were conducted at baseline and approximately 6 months later, following intervention completion. Surveys measured parent and child demographics, oral health knowledge, behaviors, information sources, and health care utilization. Paired t tests and mixed-effects regression models controlling for agency, child age, and race/ethnicity evaluated whether measures improved after the intervention. In addition, at follow-up, agency staff were asked to complete an open-ended survey reporting how the intervention impacted their site. Responses were coded using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS A total of 2,011 (87%) parents completed both the baseline and follow-up surveys. All oral health knowledge and behaviors improved significantly from baseline to follow-up. In addition, parents reported using more oral health information sources, using more preventative oral health care, and less emergency room (ER) use for child dental problems. Head Start staff perceived that the intervention increased parental oral health literacy, enhanced parental oral health engagement, improved child oral health behaviors, and facilitated health communication with parents. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that this intervention successfully improved oral health literacy for diverse parents of children at high risk for dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Dudovitz
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Discovery and Innovations Institute, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carol Teutsch
- UCLA Health Care Institute, Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katrina Holt
- National Maternal and Child Oral Health Resource Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ariella Herman
- UCLA Health Care Institute, Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Patton S, Severe S. Nursing Students’ Assessment and Parent Reports of Their Children’s Oral Health Behaviors as Predictors of Tooth Decay Risk—A Cross-Sectional, Correlational Study. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2320206819895846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between children’s tooth decay risk score and a dental examination and parent reports of oral health practices. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study utilizing data from an oral health assessment was performed by undergraduate nursing students and parents completed the permission forms. Results: Four hundred and fifty-six children received an oral health assessment. None of the percentages were found to be at high risk for tooth de cay and 21% were referred for further evaluation and dental treatment. Twenty-seven % of parents reported that their child was not being seen by a dentist and 49% reported that they had not established recommended tooth brushing practices in early childhood. In this analysis, the physical examination measures accounted for a significant amount of risk: R2 = 0.55, F(5,317) = 7.62, P < .00. The parent report measures offered little predictive power beyond the examination: R2 = 0.029, F(7,310) = 3.01, P = .00. Conclusions: These findings identify a need for a broader perspective to inform oral risk assessment and interventions to address oral health disparities. A social determinant of health framework would improve nursing students’ competency to identify children in need of early intervention. Oral health promotion at the family and community level would improve the preventive oral health practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Patton
- Eleanor Mann School of Nursing, University of Arkansas, Arkansas, USA
| | - Stephanie Severe
- Eleanor Mann School of Nursing, University of Arkansas, Arkansas, USA
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