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Li Z, Wang D, Zhu X. Roles of LncRNA ARSR in tumor proliferation, drug resistance, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03700-4. [PMID: 39251493 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious diseases that threaten human life and health. Among all kinds of diseases, the mortality rate of malignant tumors is the second highest, second only to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Cancer treatment typically involves imaging, surgery, and pathological analysis. When patients are identified as carcinoma by the above means, there are often problems of distant metastasis, delayed treatment, and drug tolerance, indicating that patients have some poor prognosis and overall survival. Hence, the development of novel molecular biomarkers is of great clinical importance. In recent years, as an important mediator of material and information exchange between cells in the tumor microenvironment, lncRNA have attracted widespread attention for their roles in tumor development. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the up-to-date knowledge of lncARSR on diverse cancer types which mainly focuses on tumor proliferation, drug tolerance, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism, highlighting the potential of lncARSR as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and even a therapeutic target. In our final analysis, we provide a synthesized overview of the directions for future inquiry into lncARSR, and we are eager to witness the advancement of research that will elucidate the multifaceted nature of this lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
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2
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Muttiah B, Muhammad Fuad ND, Jaafar F, Abdullah NAH. Extracellular Vesicles in Ovarian Cancer: From Chemoresistance Mediators to Therapeutic Vectors. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1806. [PMID: 39200270 PMCID: PMC11351885 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the deadliest gynecological malignancy, with alarming projections indicating a 42% increase in new cases and a 51% rise in mortality by 2040. This review explores the challenges in OC treatment, focusing on chemoresistance mechanisms and the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as drug delivery agents. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, including cytoreductive surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, the high recurrence rate underscores the need for innovative approaches. Key resistance mechanisms include drug efflux, apoptosis disruption, enhanced DNA repair, cancer stem cells, immune evasion, and the complex tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and extracellular vesicles play crucial roles in modulating the tumor microenvironment and facilitating chemoresistance. EVs, naturally occurring nanovesicles, emerge as promising drug carriers due to their low toxicity, high biocompatibility, and inherent targeting capabilities. They have shown potential in delivering chemotherapeutics like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, as well as natural compounds such as curcumin and berry anthocyanidins, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity in OC models. However, challenges such as low production yields, heterogeneity, rapid clearance, and inefficient drug loading methods need to be addressed for clinical application. Ongoing research aims to optimize EV production, loading efficiency, and targeting, paving the way for novel and more effective therapeutic strategies in OC treatment. Overcoming these obstacles is crucial to unlocking the full potential of EV-based therapies and improving outcomes for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barathan Muttiah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Dina Muhammad Fuad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Faizul Jaafar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Atiqah Haizum Abdullah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Chen Y, Zhou Y, Chen J, Yang J, Yuan Y, Wu W. Exosomal lncRNA SNHG12 promotes angiogenesis and breast cancer progression. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:607-620. [PMID: 38833118 PMCID: PMC11194216 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Exosomes are important mediators of intercellular communication; however, their regulatory mechanisms in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) angiogenesis in breast cancer remain unknown. METHODS We isolated and characterized breast cancer cell-derived exosomes and investigated their functions. Exosomal sequencing and the TCGA database were used to screen long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate the role of exosomal lncRNA in HUVEC angiogenesis and tumor growth. Molecular methods were used to demonstrate the molecular mechanism of lncRNA. RESULTS We demonstrated that breast cancer cell-derived exosomes promoted HUVEC proliferation, tube formation, and migration. Combining exosomal sequencing results with The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Cancer database, we screened lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12), which was highly expressed in breast cancer cells. SNHG12 was also upregulated in HUVECs co-cultured with exosome-overexpressed SNHG12. Moreover, overexpression of SNHG12 in exosomes increased HUVEC proliferation and migration, whereas deletion of SNHG12 in exosomes showed the opposite effects. In vivo experiments showed that SNHG12 knockdown in exosomes inhibited breast cancer tumor growth. Transcriptome sequencing identified MMP10 as the target gene of SNHG12. Functional experiments revealed that MMP10 overexpression promoted HUVEC angiogenesis. Mechanistically, SNHG12 blocked the interaction between PBRM1 and MMP10 by directly binding to PBRM1. Moreover, exosomal SNHG12 promoted HUVEC angiogenesis via PBRM1 and MMP10. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings confirmed that exosomal SNHG12 promoted HUVEC angiogenesis via the PBRM1-MMP10 axis, leading to enhanced malignancy of breast cancer. Exosomal SNHG12 may be a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jiafeng Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yijie Yuan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Weizhu Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China.
- East Branch of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo Medical Center, No. 1111 Jiangnan Road, Meixu Street, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Xu H, Liu Z, Du M, Chen Z. Progression in low-intensity ultrasound-induced tumor radiosensitization. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7332. [PMID: 38967145 PMCID: PMC11224918 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely utilized tumor treatment approach, while a significant obstacle in this treatment modality is the radioresistance exhibited by tumor cells. To enhance the effectiveness of RT, scientists have explored radiosensitization approaches, including the use of radiosensitizers and physical stimuli. Nevertheless, several approaches have exhibited disappointing results including adverse effects and limited efficacy. A safer and more effective method of radiosensitization involves low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS), which selectively targets tumor tissue and enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy. METHODS This review summarized the tumor radioresistance reasons and explored LIUS potential radiosensitization mechanisms. Moreover, it covered diverse LIUS application strategies in radiosensitization, including the use of LIUS alone, ultrasound-targeted intravascular microbubble destruction, ultrasound-mediated targeted radiosensitizers delivery, and sonodynamic therapy. Lastly, the review presented the limitations and prospects of employing LIUS-RT combined therapy in clinical settings, emphasizing the need to connect research findings with practical applications. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION LIUS employs cost-effective equipment to foster tumor radiosensitization, curtail radiation exposure, and elevate the quality of life for patients. This efficacy is attributed to LIUS's ability to utilize thermal, cavitation, and mechanical effects to overcome tumor cell resistance to RT. Multiple experimental analyses have underscored the effectiveness of LIUS in inducing tumor radiosensitization using diverse strategies. While initial studies have shown promising results, conducting more comprehensive clinical trials is crucial to confirm its safety and effectiveness in real-world situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Precision Theranostics and Radiation Protection, College of Hunan Province, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Zichao Liu
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Veterans Administration Hospital, Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Meng Du
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Precision Theranostics and Radiation Protection, College of Hunan Province, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Precision Theranostics and Radiation Protection, College of Hunan Province, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
- Institute of Medical Imaging, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Yang X, Yi C, Lu J. The roles of long non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer: from functions to therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1332528. [PMID: 38725621 PMCID: PMC11079149 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1332528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are multifunctional and participate in a variety of biological processes and gene regulatory networks. The deregulation of lncRNAs has been extensively implicated in diverse human diseases, especially in cancers. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs are essential to the pathophysiological processes of ovarian cancer (OC), acting as regulators involved in metastasis, cell death, chemoresistance, and tumor immunity. In this review, we illustrate the expanded functions of lncRNAs in the initiation and progression of OC and elaborate on the signaling pathways in which they pitch. Additionally, the potential clinical applications of lncRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of OC were emphasized, cementing the bridge of communication between clinical practice and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lijin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Puren Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinzhi Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Rodrigues-Junior DM, Moustakas A. Unboxing the network among long non-coding RNAs and TGF-β signaling in cancer. Ups J Med Sci 2024; 129:10614. [PMID: 38571882 PMCID: PMC10989219 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v129.10614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Deeper analysis of molecular mechanisms arising in tumor cells is an unmet need to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat tumors. The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling has been steadily featured in tumor biology and linked to poor prognosis of cancer patients. One pro-tumorigenic mechanism induced by TGF-β is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which can initiate cancer dissemination, enrich the tumor stem cell population, and increase chemoresistance. TGF-β signals via SMAD proteins, ubiquitin ligases, and protein kinases and modulates the expression of protein-coding and non-coding RNA genes, including those encoding larger than 500 nt transcripts, defined as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Several reports have shown lncRNAs regulating malignant phenotypes by directly affecting epigenetic processes, transcription, and post-transcriptional regulation. Thus, this review aims to update and summarize the impact of TGF-β signaling on the expression of lncRNAs and the function of such lncRNAs as regulators of TGF-β signaling, and how these networks might impact specific hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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7
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Ding Y, Zhou G, Hu W. Epigenetic regulation of TGF-β pathway and its role in radiation response. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:834-848. [PMID: 38506660 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2327395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) plays a dual role in tumor progression as well as a pivotal role in radiation response. TGF-β-related epigenetic regulations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications (including methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination), chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNA regulation, have been found to affect the occurrence and development of tumors as well as their radiation response in multiple dimensions. Due to the significance of radiotherapy in tumor treatment and the essential roles of TGF-β signaling in radiation response, it is important to better understand the role of epigenetic regulation mechanisms mediated by TGF-β signaling pathways in radiation-induced targeted and non-targeted effects. CONCLUSIONS By revealing the epigenetic mechanism related to TGF-β-mediated radiation response, summarizing the existing relevant adjuvant strategies for radiotherapy based on TGF-β signaling, and discovering potential therapeutic targets, we hope to provide a new perspective for improving clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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8
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Ying X, Zheng X, Zhang X, Yin Y, Wang X. Kynurenine in IDO1 high cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles promotes angiogenesis by inducing endothelial mitophagy in ovarian cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:267. [PMID: 38468343 PMCID: PMC10929174 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitophagy, a prominent cellular homeostasis process, has been implicated in modulating endothelial cell function. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in intercellular communication, which could modulate tumor angiogenesis, a hallmark of ovarian cancer (OC) progression. However, the underlying mechanisms through how EVs regulate endothelial mitophagy associated with tumor angiogenesis during OC development remain obscure. METHODS The effect of cancer cell-derived EVs on endothelial mitophagy and its correlation with tumor angiogenesis and OC development were explored by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Multi-omics integration analysis was employed to identify potential regulatory mechanisms of cancer cell-derived EVs on endothelial mitophagy, which is involved in tumor angiogenesis associated with OC development. These insights were then further corroborated through additional experiments. An orthotopic OC mouse model was constructed to assess the antiangiogenic and therapeutic potential of the Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitor. RESULTS Cancer cell-derived EVs promoted tumor angiogenesis via the activation of endothelial mitophagy, contributing to the growth and metastasis of OC. The aberrantly high expression of IDO1 mediated abnormal tryptophan metabolism in cancer cells and promoted the secretion of L-kynurenine (L-kyn)-enriched EVs, with associated high levels of L-kyn in EVs isolated from both the tumor tissues and patient plasma in OC. EVs derived from IDO1high ovarian cancer cells elevated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) levels in endothelial cells via delivering L-kyn. Besides, IDO1high ovarian cancer cell-derived EVs upregulated sirt3 expression in endothelial cells by increasing acetylation modification. These findings are crucial for promoting endothelial mitophagy correlated with tumor angiogenesis. Notably, both endothelial mitophagy and tumor angiogenesis could be suppressed by the IDO1 inhibitor in the orthotopic OC mouse model. CONCLUSIONS Together, our findings unveil a mechanism of mitophagy in OC angiogenesis and indicate the clinical relevance of EV enriched L-kyn as a potential biomarker for tumorigenesis and progression. Additionally, IDO1 inhibitors might become an alternative option for OC adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaocui Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yujia Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Cui Y, Zhang W, Lu W, Feng Y, Wu X, Zhuo Z, Zhang D, Zhang Y. An exosome-derived lncRNA signature identified by machine learning associated with prognosis and biomarkers for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1228235. [PMID: 38404588 PMCID: PMC10884316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1228235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignancies. Current treatment options are limited and ineffective, prompting the discovery of reliable biomarkers. Exosome lncRNAs, carrying genetic information, are promising new markers. Previous studies only focused on exosome-related genes and employed the Lasso algorithm to construct prediction models, which are not robust. Methods 420 OC patients from the TCGA datasets were divided into training and validation datasets. The GSE102037 dataset was used for external validation. LncRNAs associated with exosome-related genes were selected using Pearson analysis. Univariate COX regression analysis was used to filter prognosis-related lncRNAs. The overlapping lncRNAs were identified as candidate lncRNAs for machine learning. Based on 10 machine learning algorithms and 117 algorithm combinations, the optimal predictor combinations were selected according to the C index. The exosome-related LncRNA Signature (ERLS) model was constructed using multivariate COX regression. Based on the median risk score of the training datasets, the patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the time-dependent ROC, immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy response, and immune checkpoints were analyzed. Results 64 lncRNAs were subjected to a machine-learning process. Based on the stepCox (forward) combined Ridge algorithm, 20 lncRNA were selected to construct the ERLS model. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the high-risk group had a lower survival rate. The area under the curve (AUC) in predicting OS at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.758, 0.816, and 0.827 in the entire TCGA cohort. xCell and ssGSEA analysis showed that the low-risk group had higher immune cell infiltration, which may contribute to the activation of cytolytic activity, inflammation promotion, and T-cell co-stimulation pathways. The low-risk group had higher expression levels of PDL1, CTLA4, and higher TMB. The ERLS model can predict response to anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 therapy. Patients with low expression of PDL1 or high expression of CTLA4 and low ERLS exhibited significantly better survival prospects, whereas patients with high ERLS and low levels of PDL1 or CTLA4 exhibited the poorest outcomes. Conclusion Our study constructed an ERLS model that can predict prognostic risk and immunotherapy response, optimizing clinical management for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Cui
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weixuan Zhang
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenping Lu
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaogong Feng
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhili Zhuo
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongni Zhang
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Guang Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Peña-Flores JA, Muela-Campos D, Guzmán-Medrano R, Enríquez-Espinoza D, González-Alvarado K. Functional Relevance of Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Long Non-Coding and Circular RNAs in Cancer Angiogenesis. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:12. [PMID: 38392967 PMCID: PMC10891584 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as subcellular structures limited by a bilayer lipid membrane that function as important intercellular communication by transporting active biomolecules, such as proteins, amino acids, metabolites, and nucleic acids, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These cargos can effectively be delivered to target cells and induce a highly variable response. LncRNAs are functional RNAs composed of at least 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins. Nowadays, lncRNAs and circRNAs are known to play crucial roles in many biological processes, including a plethora of diseases including cancer. Growing evidence shows an active presence of lnc- and circRNAs in EVs, generating downstream responses that ultimately affect cancer progression by many mechanisms, including angiogenesis. Moreover, many studies have revealed that some tumor cells promote angiogenesis by secreting EVs, which endothelial cells can take up to induce new vessel formation. In this review, we aim to summarize the bioactive roles of EVs with lnc- and circRNAs as cargo and their effect on cancer angiogenesis. Also, we discuss future clinical strategies for cancer treatment based on current knowledge of circ- and lncRNA-EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Peña-Flores
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical and Stomatological Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico; (D.M.-C.); (R.G.-M.); (D.E.-E.); (K.G.-A.)
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Malgundkar SH, Tamimi Y. The pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers and modulators of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (OC). Hum Genet 2024; 143:107-124. [PMID: 38276976 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal gynecological disease that is often diagnosed at later stages due to its asymptomatic nature and the absence of efficient early-stage biomarkers. Previous studies have identified genes with abnormal expression in OC that couldn't be explained by methylation or mutation, indicating alternative mechanisms of gene regulation. Recent advances in human transcriptome studies have led to research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as regulators of cancer gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of ncRNAs with a length greater than 200 nucleotides, have been identified as crucial regulators of physiological processes and human diseases, including cancer. Dysregulated lncRNA expression has also been found to play a crucial role in ovarian carcinogenesis, indicating their potential as novel and non-invasive biomarkers for improving OC management. However, despite the discovery of several thousand lncRNAs, only one has been approved for clinical use as a biomarker in cancer, highlighting the importance of further research in this field. In addition to their potential as biomarkers, lncRNAs have been implicated in modulating chemoresistance, a major problem in OC. Several studies have identified altered lncRNA expression upon drug treatment, further emphasizing their potential to modulate chemoresistance. In this review, we highlight the characteristics of lncRNAs, their function, and their potential to serve as tumor markers in OC. We also discuss a few databases providing detailed information on lncRNAs in various cancer types. Despite the promising potential of lncRNAs, further research is necessary to fully understand their role in cancer and develop effective strategies to combat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shika Hanif Malgundkar
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PC 123, PO Box 35, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PC 123, PO Box 35, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
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Dzhugashvili E, Tamkovich S. Exosomal Cargo in Ovarian Cancer Dissemination. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9851-9867. [PMID: 38132461 PMCID: PMC10742327 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate among all gynecologic cancers and is characterized by early peritoneal spread. The growth and development of OC are associated with the formation of ascitic fluid, creating a unique tumor microenvironment. Understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression is crucial in identifying new diagnostic biomarkers and developing novel therapeutic strategies. Exosomes, lipid bilayer vesicles measuring 30-150 nm in size, are known to establish a crucial link between malignant cells and their microenvironment. Additionally, the confirmed involvement of exosomes in carcinogenesis enables them to mediate the invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Functionally active non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circRNAs), proteins, and lipid rafts transported within exosomes can activate numerous signaling pathways and modify gene expression. This review aims to expand our understanding of the role of exosomes and their contents in OC carcinogenesis processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry, tumor cell proliferation, and peritoneal spread. It also discusses the potential for utilizing exosomal cargo to develop novel "liquid biopsy" biomarkers for early OC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Dzhugashvili
- V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Tamkovich
- V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Lin YH. The effects of intracellular and exosomal ncRNAs on cancer progression. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1587-1597. [PMID: 37884579 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Altered gene expression as well as mislocalization of a gene's encoded product (proteins or noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs)) can lead to disease and cancer formation. Multiple studies have indicated that exosomes and their contents act as cell-to-cell communicators and play a key role in cancer progression. Moreover, exosomes contain several functional molecules, including ncRNAs. NcRNAs function as master regulators to coordinate cell growth, cell motility and drug resistance. However, intracellular ncRNAs, which can be transferred to recipient cells via exosomes (exosomal ncRNAs), mediate common/distinct downstream molecules, signaling pathways and functions that are less emphasized concepts in cancer development research. In this study, by using exosomes as a model, we comprehensively discuss the current knowledge regarding (1) the functional role of ncRNAs, both their intracellular and exosomal forms, in cancer progression, (2) the possible mechanism of ncRNA incorporation into exosomes and (3) the therapeutic applications and limitations of exosomes based on current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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14
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Nazari-Khanamiri F, Abdyazdani N, Abbasi R, Ahmadi M, Rezaie J. Tumor cells-derived exosomal noncoding RNAs in cancer angiogenesis: Molecular mechanisms and prospective. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1008-1015. [PMID: 37843018 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, heterogeneous, membrane-bound nanoparticles that originated from eukaryotic cells, contribute to intracellular communication by transferring various biomolecules both on their surface and as internal cargo. One of the most significant current discussions on cancer progression is noncoding RNAs cargo of exosomes, which can regulate angiogenesis in tumor. A growing body of evidence shows that exosomes from tumor cells contain various microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs that can promote tumor progression by inducing angiogenesis. However, some noncoding RNAs may inhibit cancer angiogenesis. Targeting angiogenic noncoding RNA of exosomes may serve as a hopeful implement for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the latest knowledge of the roles of exosomal noncoding RNAs in tumor angiogenesis Understanding the biology of exosomal noncoding RNAs can help scientists plan exosomes-based innovations for the treatment of cancer angiogenesis and cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Nazari-Khanamiri
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Hematology, Immune Cell Therapy, and Stem Cells Transplantation Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Abbasi
- Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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15
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Guo S, Huang J, Li G, Chen W, Li Z, Lei J. The role of extracellular vesicles in circulating tumor cell-mediated distant metastasis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:193. [PMID: 38037077 PMCID: PMC10688140 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research has demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are very closely related in the process of distant tumor metastasis. Primary tumors are shed and released into the bloodstream to form CTCs that are referred to as seeds to colonize and grow in soil-like distant target organs, while EVs of tumor and nontumor origin act as fertilizers in the process of tumor metastasis. There is no previous text that provides a comprehensive review of the role of EVs on CTCs during tumor metastasis. In this paper, we reviewed the mechanisms of EVs on CTCs during tumor metastasis, including the ability of EVs to enhance the shedding of CTCs, protect CTCs in circulation and determine the direction of CTC metastasis, thus affecting the distant metastasis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyin Guo
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Genpeng Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jianyong Lei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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16
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Wu W, He J. Unveiling the functional paradigm of exosome-derived long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer: based on a narrative review and systematic review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15219-15247. [PMID: 37578522 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The intricate mechanisms underlying intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment remain largely elusive. Recently, attention has shifted towards exploring the intercellular signaling mediated by exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) within this context. This comprehensive systematic review aims to elucidate the functional paradigm of exosome-derived lncRNAs in cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The review provides a comprehensive narrative of lncRNA definition, characteristics, as well as the formation, sorting, and uptake processes of exosome-derived lncRNAs. Additionally, it describes comprehensive technology for exosome research and nucleic acid drug loading. This review further systematically examines the cellular origins, functional roles, and underlying mechanisms of exosome-derived lncRNAs in recipient cells within the cancer setting. RESULTS The functional paradigm of exosome-derived lncRNAs in cancer mainly depends on the source cells and sorting mechanism of exosomal lncRNAs, the recipient cells and uptake mechanisms of exosomal lncRNAs, and the specific molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in recipient cells. The source cells of exosomal lncRNAs mainly involved in the current review included tumor cells, cancer stem cells, normal cells, macrophages, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. CONCLUSION This synthesis of knowledge offers valuable insights for accurately identifying exosomal lncRNAs with potential as tumor biomarkers. Moreover, it aids in the selection of appropriate targeting strategies and preclinical models, thereby facilitating the clinical translation of exosomal lncRNAs as promising therapeutic targets against cancer. Through a comprehensive understanding of the functional role of exosome-derived lncRNAs in cancer, this review paves the way for advancements in personalized medicine and improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jia He
- Faculty Affairs and Human Resources Management Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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17
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Hosseini R, Hosseinzadeh N, Asef-Kabiri L, Akbari A, Ghezelbash B, Sarvnaz H, Akbari ME. Small extracellular vesicle TGF-β in cancer progression and immune evasion. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1309-1322. [PMID: 37344681 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a well-known cytokine that controls various processes in normal physiology and disease context. Strong preclinical and clinical literature supports the crucial roles of the TGF-β in several aspects of cancer biology. Recently emerging evidence reveals that the release of TGF-β from tumor/immune/stromal cells in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) plays an important part in tumor development and immune evasion. Hence, this review aims to address the packaging, release, and signaling pathways of TGF-β carried in sEVs (sEV-TGF-β) in cancer, and to explore its underpinning roles in tumor development, growth, progression, metastasis, etc. We also highlight key progresses in deciphering the roles of sEV-TGF-β in subverting anti-tumor immune responses. The paper ends with a focus on the clinical significance of TGF-β carried in sEVs and draws attention to its diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hosseini
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nashmin Hosseinzadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Asef-Kabiri
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Akbari
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Sarvnaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Pan Y, Liu Y, Wei W, Yang X, Wang Z, Xin W. Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Shippers for Noncoding RNA-Based Modulation of Angiogenesis: Insights from Ischemic Stroke and Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205739. [PMID: 36592424 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke and systemic cancer are two of the leading causes of mortality. Hypoxia is a central pathophysiological component in ischemic stroke and cancer, representing a joint medical function. This function includes angiogenesis regulation. Vascular remodeling coupled with axonal outgrowth following cerebral ischemia is critical in improving poststroke neurological functional recovery. Antiangiogenic strategies can inhibit cancer vascularization and play a vital role in impeding cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Although there are significant differences in the cause of angiogenesis across both pathophysiological conditions, emerging evidence states that common signaling structures, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), are involved in this context. EVs, heterogeneous membrane vesicles encapsulating proteomic genetic information from parental cells, act as multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication. Among the multifaceted roles in modulating biological responses, exhaustive evidence shows that ncRNAs are selectively sorted into EVs, modulating common specific aspects of cancer development and stroke prognosis, namely, angiogenesis. This review will discuss recent advancements in the EV-facilitated/inhibited progression of specific elements of angiogenesis with a particular concern about ncRNAs within these vesicles. The review is concluded by underlining the clinical opportunities of EV-derived ncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Pan
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zengguang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wenqiang Xin
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
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19
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Malgundkar SH, Tamimi Y. Exosomes as crucial emerging tools for intercellular communication with therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO833. [PMID: 37006229 PMCID: PMC10051132 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
More than two-thirds of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients are diagnosed at advanced stages due to the lack of sensitive biomarkers. Currently, exosomes are intensively investigated as non-invasive cancer diagnostic markers. Exosomes are nanovesicles released in the extracellular milieu with the potential to modulate recipient cells' behavior. EOC cells release many altered exosomal cargoes that exhibit clinical relevance to tumor progression. Exosomes represent powerful therapeutic tools (drug carriers or vaccines), posing a promising option in clinical practice for curing EOC in the near future. In this review, we highlight the importance of exosomes in cell–cell communication, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and their potential to serve as diagnostic and prognostic factors, particularly in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shika Hanif Malgundkar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 35, PC 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 35, PC 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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20
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Zhang L, Shen Y, Wang Z, Li X, Xia W, Fan X, Su L, Wang D. Comprehensive analysis of exosomal circRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA profiles to identify the potential RNAs involved in the pathogenesis of venous malformation. J Oral Pathol Med 2023. [PMID: 36807323 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous malformation (VM) is a kind of congenital vascular anomaly with a high incidence of recurrence, detailed pathogenesis and standard treatment of VM still lack now. Increasing evidence showed exosomal RNA plays a pivotal role in various diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of VM based on the potential differentially exosomal RNAs remains unclear. METHODS Comparative high-throughput sequencing with serum exosomes from three VM patients and three healthy donors was used to explore differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs, DE lncRNAs, and DE mRNAs involving the formation of VM. We identified and verified DE circRNAs, DE lncRNAs, and DE mRNAs via qRT-PCR assay. We explored the potential functions of these exosomal DE non-coding RNAs via performing further Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. Besides, circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA linkages were also constructed to find their potential relationships in VM. RESULTS A total of 121 circRNAs, 53 lncRNAs, and 42 mRNAs (|log2 FC| ≥ 2.0, FDR <0.05, n = 3) were determined to be differentially expressed. QRT-PCR validated that these top-changed DE circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs had significant expression changes. Functional studies demonstrated that DE circRNAs play a pivotal role in thyroid hormone signaling pathway, DE lncRNAs function as a key regulator in MAPK signaling pathway and DE miRNAs participate in the process of hepatocellular carcinoma mostly. CONCLUSION Our study comprehensively depicted exosomal DE non-coding RNAs networks related to the pathogenesis of VM which can provide new insight into, a novel target for treating VM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Shen
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiya Xia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xindong Fan
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Su
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Fengcheng Hospital of Feng Xian District, Fengcheng Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Deming Wang
- Vascular Anomaly Center, Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Wang KH, Ding DC. The Role and Applications of Exosomes in Gynecological Cancer: A Review. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231195240. [PMID: 37632354 PMCID: PMC10467393 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231195240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer vesicles that are released by all types of cells, containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids such as DNAs and RNAs. Exosomes can be transferred between cells and play a variety of physiological and pathological regulatory functions. Noncoding RNAs, including micro RNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are the most studied biomolecules from exosomes and more and more studies found that noncoding RNAs play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases, including various types of cancer. Gynecological malignancies such as ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer seriously threaten women's life. Therefore, this article reviews the roles and applications of exosomes in gynecological malignancies, including the promotion or inhibition of tumor progression and regulation of tumor microenvironments, and as potential therapeutic targets for treating gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C
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22
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Zhang R, Zou Y, Luo J. Application of Extracellular Vesicles in Gynecologic Cancer Treatment. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120740. [PMID: 36550946 PMCID: PMC9774372 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer are the three most common gynecological malignancies that seriously threaten women's health. With the development of molecular biology technology, immunotherapy and targeted therapy for gynecologic tumors are being carried out in clinical treatment. Extracellular vesicles are nanosized; they exist in various body fluids and play an essential role in intercellular communication and in the regulation of various biological process. Several studies have shown that extracellular vesicles are important targets in gynecologic cancer treatment as they promote tumor growth, progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune system escape. This article reviews the progress of research into extracellular vesicles in common gynecologic tumors and discusses the role of extracellular vesicles in gynecologic tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwen Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yixing Zou
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Orouei S, Fallah S, Sanaei A, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Rezaei S, Heidari H, Behroozaghdam M, Daneshi S, Salimimoghadam S, Mirzaei S, Hashemi M, Samarghandian S. LncRNA-miRNA axis in tumor progression and therapy response: An emphasis on molecular interactions and therapeutic interventions. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113609. [PMID: 36037786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors are critical regulators of biological and pathological mechanisms and they could interact with different molecular pathways. Targeting epigenetic factors has been an idea approach in disease therapy, especially cancer. Accumulating evidence has highlighted function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as epigenetic factors in cancer initiation and development and has focused on their association with downstream targets. microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most well-known targets of lncRNAs and present review focuses on lncRNA-miRNA axis in malignancy and therapy resistance of tumors. LncRNA-miRNA regulates cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy in cancers. This axis affects tumor metastasis via regulating EMT and MMPs. Besides, lncRNA-miRNA axis determines sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Based on the studies, lncRNAs can be affected by drugs and genetic tools in cancer therapy and this may affect expression level of miRNAs as their downstream targets, leading to cancer suppression/progression. LncRNAs have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor functions in cancer and this unique function of lncRNAs has complicated their implication in tumor therapy. LncRNA-miRNA axis can also affect other signaling networks in cancer such as PI3K/Akt, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin and EZH2 among others. Notably, lncRNA/miRNA axis can be considered as a signature for diagnosis and prognosis in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sima Orouei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shayan Fallah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Arezoo Sanaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shamin Rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hajar Heidari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Public Health University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Advances in Exosomes as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarkers for Gynaecological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194743. [PMID: 36230667 PMCID: PMC9563301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The three major gynaecological cancers are ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer, which endanger women’s health worldwide. Significant progress has been made in the study of exosomes, which have been proven to be an important form of intercellular communication, as well as an important carrier for the uptake, transport, and release of cargo. Exosomes may also be promising diagnostic or prognostic markers for gynaecologic malignancies, which may improve the level of treatment of gynaecologic malignancies. This article reviews the latest research progress and systematic knowledge of exosomes in gynaecological malignant tumours in recent years, in order to provide a new perspective for the treatment of gynaecological tumours and promote the clinical application of exosomes in gynaecological malignancies. Abstract Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that can be released by practically all types of cells. They have a diameter of 30–150 nm. Exosomes control the exchange of materials and information between cells. This function is based on its special cargo-carrying and transporting functions, which can load a variety of useful components and guarantee their preservation. Recently, exosomes have been confirmed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of gynaecological malignancies. Particularly, participation in liquid biopsy was studied extensively in gynaecological cancer, which holds the advantages of noninvasiveness and individualization. Literature Review: This article reviews the latest research progress of exosomes in gynaecological malignancies and discusses the involvement of humoral and cell-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis, progression, metastasis, drug resistance and treatment of ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. Advances in the clinical application of exosomes in diagnostic technology, drug delivery, and overcoming tumour resistance are also presented. Conclusion: Exosomes are potentially diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in gynaecological malignancies, and also provide new directions for the treatment of gynaecological tumours, showing great clinical potential.
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Li S, Xie X, Peng F, Du J, Peng C. Regulation of temozolomide resistance via lncRNAs: Clinical and biological properties of lncRNAs in gliomas (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:101. [PMID: 35796022 PMCID: PMC9291250 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a primary types of intracranial malignancies and are characterized by a poor prognosis due to aggressive recurrence profiles. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an auxiliary alkylating agent that is extensively used in conjunction with surgical resection and forms the mainstay of clinical treatment strategies for gliomas. However, the frequent occurrence of TMZ resistance in clinical practice limits its therapeutic efficacy. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play key and varied roles in glioma progression. lncRNAs have been reported to inhibit glioma progression by targeting various signaling pathways. In addition, the differential expression of lncRNAs has also been found to mediate the resistance of glioma to several chemotherapeutic agents, particularly to TMZ. The present review article therefore summarizes the findings of previous studies in an aim to report the significance and function of lncRNAs in regulating the chemoresistance of gliomas. The present review may provide further insight into the clinical treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Fu Peng or Professor Junrong Du, Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 17 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Junrong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Fu Peng or Professor Junrong Du, Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 17 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
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