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Liu K, Liu X, Cao T, Cui X, Sun P, Zhang L, Wu X. Causal Relationship Between Endometriosis and Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases: Mendelian Randomization Study. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:727-735. [PMID: 38699517 PMCID: PMC11063464 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s440110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explores the causal relationship between endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID). Methods The study utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for endometriosis ("finn-b-N14_ENDOMETRIOSIS") and PID ("finn-b-N14_OTHFEMPELINF"). Subsequently, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted using inverse variance weighting (IVW), Egger regression (MR-Egger), and weighted median (WM) methods. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's Q test, and in case of detected outliers, they were removed for re-evaluation of MR causality. Results From the endometriosis GWAS dataset, 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables. All three methods, IVW (OR = 1.39, P < 1×10-8), MR-Egger (OR = 1.41, P = 0.003), and WM (OR = 1.37, P = 1.16×10-5) confirmed a causal relationship between endometriosis and PID. The association between endometriosis and pelvic inflammation remained unaffected by the exclusion of individual SNPs. Lastly, Cochran's Q test and funnel plots showed no evidence of SNP asymmetry. Conclusion The results of the MR analysis support a potential causal relationship between endometriosis and an increased risk of PID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianmei Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital & Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China
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Abavisani M, Keikha M, Karbalaei M. First global report about the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Haemophilus influenzae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:90. [PMID: 38225571 PMCID: PMC10789054 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is increasing in Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae), which poses important challenges to global health. This research offers a comprehensive meta-analysis of the global epidemiology of multi-drug resistant (MDR) H. influenzae. METHODS In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis based on PRISMA checklist. Electronic databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were reviewed using keywords related to H. influenzae and antibiotic resistance. Eligible studies were selected based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, data from these studies were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. RESULTS Of 375 retrieved articles, 16 met the inclusion criteria. These studies were conducted from 2003 to 2023 and analyzed data from 19,787 clinical isolates of H. influenzae. The results showed different levels of resistance of H. influenzae to different antibiotics: ampicillin (36%), azithromycin (15.3%), ceftriaxone (1.4%), etc. The global prevalence for beta-lactamases producing H. influenzae and MDR H. influenzae was measured 34.9% and 23.1%, respectively. The prevalence rate of MDR H. influenzae was higher in Asian countries (24.6%) compared to Western regions (15.7%). MDR H. influenzae had the highest prevalence in meningitis cases (46.9%) and the lowest prevalence in acute otitis media (0.5%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MDR H. influenzae has been increasing worldwide, especially in Asian regions. This highlights the urgent need for monitoring and implementation of effective antibiotic stewardship programs globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abavisani
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Keikha
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Karbalaei
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
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Wang C, Xu H, Liu G, Liu J, Yu H, Chen B, Zheng G, Shu M, Du L, Xu Z, Huang L, Li H, Shu S, Chen Y. A Multicenter Epidemiological and Pathogenic Characteristics Study of Community-Acquired Bacterial Meningitis Children in China: Results from the Chinese Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Surveillance (CPBMS) 2019-2020. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6587-6601. [PMID: 37849791 PMCID: PMC10577658 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s413147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of children with community-acquired bacterial meningitis. Methods A multicenter, retrospective study was conducted among CABM patients under 15 years old from 33 hospitals in China from 2019 to 2020. The medical record, laboratory, and microbiological data were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 1610 children with CABM were identified and presented at a median onset age of 45 days of whom 955 (59.3%) were males. CABM occurred mostly in infants <1 year of age (84.0%, 1352/1610). In etiology-confirmed cases, the pathogens were isolated from CSF culture in 515 (32.0%), 400 (24.8%) in blood culture, and 186 (11.6%) both in CSF and blood culture. In total, 126 pathogens were identified through CSF mNGS in 330 CABM cases; 21 S. pneumoniae isolates were detected in 83 CABM cases by antigen detection method. Major pathogens were E. coli (195, 24.7%), GBS (170, 21.5%), and S. pneumoniae (157, 19.9%). GBS (29.3%, 22/75) was the first pathogen of CABM in neonates aged 0-6 days old, while E. coli (44.7%, 76/170) in 7 to 28 days of age; S. pneumoniae (96.2%, 151/157) was the most common pathogen in >3 months old cases. About 9.7% (19/195) strains of E. coli produced ultra‑broad‑spectrum β‑lactamases. The common intracranial imaging complications were subdural effusion and (or) empyema in 349 (21.7%), hydrocephalus in 233 (14.5%), and cerebral abscess in 178 (11.1%). A total of 389 (24.2%) cases were completely cured and 1088 (67.6%) cases improved. Among 166 patients (10.3%) with adverse outcomes, 32 cases (2.0%) died, and 37 cases (2.3%) relapsed. Conclusion The onset age of CABM in children is usually within 1 year of age, especially <3 months. The primary pathogens in infants less than 3 months old are E. coli and GBS, and the dominant pathogen in children older than 3 months old is S. pneumoniae. Subdural effusion and (or) empyema and hydrocephalus are common complications. CABM should not be excluded even if CSF leukocyte counts are within normal range. Due to the low detection rate of pathogens in children with CABM, standardized CSF bacteriological examination should be paid more attention to increase the pathogen detection rate. Non‑culture CSF detection methods may facilitate pathogenic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biquan Chen
- Department of Infection, Anhui Province Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Shu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/ West China Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Du
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Shanxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Pediatric Inpatient Ward, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lisu Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Li
- Outpatient Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sainan Shu
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghu Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - On behalf of The CPBMS Study Group
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infection, Anhui Province Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/ West China Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Shanxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Pediatric Inpatient Ward, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Outpatient Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Kobayashi H. Similarities in Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying the Bidirectional Relationship between Endometriosis and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050868. [PMID: 36900012 PMCID: PMC10000848 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrial cells outside of the uterine cavity. Endometriosis affects 10% of women of reproductive age and significantly reduces their quality of life as a result of chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Biologic mechanisms, including persistent inflammation, immune dysfunction, and epigenetic modifications, have been proposed as the pathogenesis of endometriosis. In addition, endometriosis can potentially be associated with an increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Changes in the vaginal microbiota associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) result in PID or a severe form of abscess formation, tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA). This review aims to summarize the pathophysiology of endometriosis and PID and to discuss whether endometriosis may predispose to PID and vice versa. METHODS Papers published between 2000 and 2022 in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases were included. RESULTS Available evidence supports that women with endometriosis are at increased risk of comorbid PID and vice versa, supporting that endometriosis and PID are likely to coexist. There is a bidirectional relationship between endometriosis and PID that shares a similar pathophysiology, which includes the distorted anatomy favorable to bacteria proliferation, hemorrhage from endometriotic lesions, alterations to the reproductive tract microbiome, and impaired immune response modulated by aberrant epigenetic processes. However, whether endometriosis predisposes to PID or vice versa has not been identified. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes our current understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis and PID and discusses the similarities between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Ms.Clinic MayOne, Kashihara 634-0813, Japan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
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Kebede B, Yihunie W, Abebe D, Addis Tegegne B, Belayneh A. Gram-negative bacteria isolates and their antibiotic-resistance patterns among pediatrics patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221094191. [PMID: 35509958 PMCID: PMC9058367 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221094191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the serious threats in the world, including Ethiopia. Even though several studies were conducted to estimate common bacteria and their antibiotic-resistance profile in Ethiopia, it is difficult to estimate the overall resistant patterns due to the lack of a nationwide study. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence of gram-negative bacteria isolates and their antibiotic-resistance profile among pediatrics patients in Ethiopia. Methods: A web-based search using PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Hinari, Sci-Hub, African Journals Online Library, and free-text web searches using Google Scholar was conducted from August to September 16, 2021. Each of the original articles was searched by Boolean search technique using various keywords and was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel format and exported to STATA 14.0 for statistical analyses. Results: The database search delivered a total of 2,684 studies. After articles were removed by duplications, title, reading the abstract, and assessed for eligibility criteria, 19 articles were included in the systematic review. Of a total of 1372 (16.77%) culture-positive samples, 735 (53.57%) were gram-negative. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated bacteria followed by Klebsiella species, 139/1372 (10.13%), and 125/1372(9.11%), respectively. More than 66.67% of isolates were resistant to ampicillin except for Neisseria meningitidis which was 32.35% (11/34). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiela species, and Citrobacter species were 100% resistance for cefepime. Haemophilus influenzae was 100% resistant to meropenem. Salmonella species were 93.30%, 78.26%, and 63.64% resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole, respectively. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria were identified as the common pathogen causing infection in pediatrics and the level of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics was significantly higher in Ethiopia. Culture and susceptibility tests and well-designed infection control programs are important measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekalu Kebede
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Wubetu Yihunie
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Dehnnet Abebe
- Pharmacognosy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia1
| | - Bantayehu Addis Tegegne
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Belayneh
- Pharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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