Clinical Presentation of Asymptomatic and Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Clinical Characteristics of 6102 Asymptomatic and Mild Cases for Patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rise in confirmed cases, making epidemiological studies crucial for identifying the source of transmission and developing effective treatment methods. We conducted a study on the clinical characteristics of patients with asymptomatic and mild symptoms of COVID-19 at a rescue hospital in Indonesia.

METHODS

This is an epidemiological study involving 6102 patients who were admitted to the Indrapura forefront hospital in Surabaya from May 2020 to February 2021. We described demographic data, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory data, therapy, and clinical outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 6102 patients were involved in this study, with 3664 (60.04%) being male and 2438 (39.95%) being female. The age range of 21-30 years was the most prevalent, accounting for 31.1% (1898 patients). The population had 1476 patients (24.2%) with comorbid conditions. The most prevalent comorbidity observed among these patients was hypertension, affecting 1015 individuals (16.6%). Out of the total 6006 patients observed, 40.7% (n = 2486) were asymptomatic, 54.6% (n = 3329) had mild symptoms, and 3.1% (n = 191) had moderate symptoms. All patients were administered supportive therapy without the use of antiviral medication. Out of the 6102 patients included in the study, 5923 patients (97.1%) achieved a cure, 36 patients (0.6%) are currently undergoing treatment, 142 patients (2.3%) were referred for desaturation indications (SpO2 < 94%), and one patient died due to a suspected cardiovascular event. Out of the total number of patients, 74.5% (4529 patients) had an average length of stay (LOS) of less than 10 days, while 25.6% (1563 patients) had an average length of stay of more than 10 days.

CONCLUSION

The clinical presentation of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients at a rescue hospital varies significantly based on the age and sex of patients. Cough and hyposmia are commonly observed symptoms. Supportive therapy is effective, and strict implementation of social distancing is crucial in preventing the spread of this disease from individuals who are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms.

The Effect of Short Treatment with Nigella Sativa on Symptoms, the Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Profile, and Inflammatory Markers in Mild COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial

The current study investigated the impact of different doses of Nigella sativa seeds on the symptoms, the cluster of differentiation profile group, and inflammatory markers of mild COVID-19 cases.

METHODS

The study was a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients with mild and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection patients were randomly subdivided into seven subgroups: Group (GP) 1: received charcoal capsules as a control group, and GP 2: received three capsules of whole Nigella sativa seeds daily, two capsules in the morning and one in the evening; GP 3: received three capsules of whole Nigella sativa seeds every 12 h, GP 4: received five capsules in the morning and four capsules of whole Nigella sativa seeds in the evening, GP 5: received one capsule of Nigella sativa powder every 12 h; GP 6: received two capsules of Nigella sativa powder every 12 h; GP 7: received three capsules of Nigella sativa powder every 12 h; all treatment course was for ten days. Inflammatory parameters were assessed before and after interventions.

RESULTS

262 subjects were included in the final analysis. No significant difference was detected regarding age, gender, and nationality. No significant differences were detected between the inflammatory marker in all groups. The WBCs showed a significant difference between before and after the intervention. While for procalcitonin, a significant difference was demonstrated in groups 1,4, and 6.

CONCLUSIONS

The current randomized clinical trial did not reveal a significant effect of ten days of treatment with various doses of Nigella sativa on symptoms, differentiation profile, and inflammatory markers of patients with COVID-19. As a natural product, the effect of Nigella sativa on disease requires weeks to manifest itself.