1
|
Gawecki M, Pytrus W, Swiech A, Mackiewicz J, Lytvynchuk L. Laser Treatment of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy - An Update. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2024. [PMID: 39047764 DOI: 10.1055/a-2338-3235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Laser treatment has been a mainstay for management of central serous chorioretinopathy for a few decades. Different types of lasers have been used and non-damaging retinal laser is the most recent option. The aim of this review is to provide an update on this form of treatment, based on the research published during last 5 years, in comparison with earlier studies published. A MEDLINE database search was performed with a combination of the following terms: central serous chorioretinopathy and laser photocoagulation or subthreshold laser or subthreshold micropulse laser or nanosecond laser or microsecond laser or end-point management or photodynamic therapy. Results were analyzed separately for each modality of laser treatment. Reports published in recent years confirm findings of previous research and do not distinguish treatments of this clinical entity. Among all analyzed laser options, photodynamic therapy provides the fastest and most prominent morphological improvements, including subretinal fluid resorption and reduction of choroidal thickness. This modality is also associated with fewer recurrences than with other treatments. Subthreshold micropulse laser allows the physician to maintain and, in selected cases, improve the patient's vision. Conventional photocoagulation is still effective, especially with the introduction of navigated laser systems. Despite the availability of variable laser treatment options, long-term functional improvements in chronic cases are minor for each modality. Long-lasting central serous chorioretinopathy cases with significantly altered retinal morphology do not usually present with functional improvement, despite satisfactory morphological outcomes. Early initiation of treatment has the potential to prevent visual loss and to improve the patient's quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Gawecki
- Ophthalmology, Dobry Wzrok Ophthalmological Clinic, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Anna Swiech
- Chair of Ophthalmology, Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- Chair of Ophthalmology, Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Lyubomyr Lytvynchuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic, Justus Liebig University, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hou YC, Li YF, Xie XF, Kou ZL, Lu Y, Chen SY, Wang Y, Lu Z. Ion-Doped Photonic Crystal Fiber Lasers. Front Chem 2022; 9:801477. [PMID: 35004617 PMCID: PMC8739773 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.801477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with conventional solid-state lasers, fiber lasers have the advantages of small size, simple cooling system, and good output beam quality, enabling them an extended service lifetime in industrialized environments. Periodically arranged photonic crystals have been the most important gain medium for high-power laser applications, which overcame the problems in fiber lasers such as small mode field, low degree of nonlinearity, and non-adjustable dispersion. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent advances of typical ion-doped photonic crystal fiber lasers doped, discuss the challenges, and provide an outlook on the future developments in ion-doped photonic crystal fiber lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chong Hou
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun-Fei Li
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Xie
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Long Kou
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Si-Ying Chen
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|