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Sadi Khosroshahi N, Koulaeizadeh S, Abdi A, Akbarzadeh S, Hashemi Aghdam SM, Rajabi A, Safaralizadeh R. Upregulation of Long Noncoding RNA PCAT1 in Iranian Patients with Colorectal Cancer and Its Performance as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:65-69. [PMID: 38416663 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as critical molecules play an essential role in the development of cancers. In colorectal cancer (CRC), various lncRNAs are related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. LncRNA prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT-1), as an oncogenic factor, is a diagnostic biomarker that regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Methods: This study evaluated the relationship between PCAT-1, CRC occurrence, and pathological features of Iranian patients. The studied samples included 100 colorectal tumor tissues and 100 adjacent healthy tissues of Iranian CRC patients. RNAs were extracted from cancerous and noncancerous tissues to synthesize complementary DNA. The expression level of PCAT-1 was assessed using the real-time PCR method, and the data analysis was assessed using SPSS software. Results: In this study, expression level of PCAT-1 in tumor tissue was significantly increased in Iranian patients, and pathological studies of the patients had no significant relationship with the PCAT-1 expression profile. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the high expression of PCAT-1 resulted in the occurrence of colorectal tumor tissues in Iranian patients, which can be considered a diagnostic biomarker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Sadi Khosroshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Koulaeizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Abdi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sama Akbarzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rajabi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Akhgari H, Shokri N, Dehghanzadeh P, Tayefeh-Gholami S, Rajabi A, Safaralizadeh R. Expression pattern of PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 lncRNAs and their value as diagnostic biomarkers in patients with gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154654. [PMID: 37392552 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC), is a complex multifactorial neoplasm with a high mortality and prevalence rate all over the world. Hence, it is necessary to identify the multiple pathways that are previously unknown and are involved in its initiation and progression. Recently, it has become clear that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the onset and spread of cancer. The current study assessed the lncRNAs PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 expression in primary gastric tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues. METHODS 90 pairs of GC and adjacent noncancerous tissue samples were obtained. Total RNA was extracted, then cDNA was synthesized. Using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 expression levels were evaluated. Using the SPSS statistical package, the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and the expression of PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 was investigated. The diagnostic value of PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 in GC was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Compared to surrounding non-cancerous tissues, PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 were all significantly overexpressed in tumoral tissues (P = 0.001, P = 0.019, and P = 0.0001, respectively). PCAT5 expression was significantly associated with gender (P = 0.020), according to our research. The ROC curve's findings indicated that PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 may each function as poor diagnostic biomarkers, with respective AUC values of 64 %, 60 %, and 68 %, specificity values of 68 %, 60 %, and 76 %, and sensitivity values of 55 %, 72 %, and 52 %. CONCLUSION Our research suggested that PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 may be engaged in promoting and developing GC cells as a novel oncogene because of the increased expression of PCAT1, PCAT2 and PCAT5 in tumor tissues of GC patients. Additionally, PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 can be thought of as poor diagnostic biomarkers for GC case detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Akhgari
- Departmant of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Shokri
- Departmant of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Dehghanzadeh
- Departmant of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Tayefeh-Gholami
- Departmant of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- Departmant of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Departmant of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Emerging RNA-Based Therapeutic and Diagnostic Options: Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Genitourinary Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054601. [PMID: 36902032 PMCID: PMC10003365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer are the most widespread genitourinary tumors. Their treatment and diagnosis have significantly evolved over recent years, due to an increasing understanding of oncogenic factors and the molecular mechanisms involved. Using sophisticated genome sequencing technologies, the non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have all been implicated in the occurrence and progression of genitourinary cancers. Interestingly, DNA, protein, and RNA interactions with lncRNAs and other biological macromolecules drive some of these cancer phenotypes. Studies on the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs have identified new functional markers that could be potentially useful as biomarkers for effective diagnosis and/or as targets for therapeutic intervention. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying abnormal lncRNA expression in genitourinary tumors and discusses their role in diagnostics, prognosis, and treatment.
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Al-Shehri A, Bakhashab S. Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNAs in Prostate Cancer, Osteosarcoma, and Metastasis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020633. [PMID: 36831169 PMCID: PMC9953056 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a common malignancy and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone cancer, representing 20-40% of all bone malignancy cases. Cancer metastasis is a process by which malignant tumor cells detach from the primary tumor site via a cascade of processes and migrate to secondary sites through the blood circulation or lymphatic system to colonize and form secondary tumors. PC has a specific affinity to the bone based on the "seed and soil" theory; once PC reach the bone, it becomes incurable. Several studies have identified long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential targets for cancer therapy or as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The dysregulation of various lncRNAs has been found in various cancer types, including PC, OS, and metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying lncRNA oncogenic activity in tumor progression and metastasis are extremely complex and remain incompletely understood. Therefore, understanding oncogenic lncRNAs and their role in OS, PC, and metastasis and the underlying mechanism may help better manage and treat this malignancy. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge of oncogenic lncRNAs and their involvement in PC, OS, and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Al-Shehri
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-12-6400000
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5
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The role of noncoding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Exosomal lncRNA PCAT1 Promotes Tumor Circulating Cell-Mediated Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis by Regulating the Activity of the miR-329-3p/Netrin-1-CD146 Complex. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:9916228. [PMID: 36093435 PMCID: PMC9453099 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9916228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explored the colorectal cancer exosome lncRNA prostate cancer associated transcript 1– (PCAT1) mediated circulating tumors and the mechanism of cell colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Methods Exosomes were extracted from the primary colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines HCT116 and SW480 and cultured with T84 and human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells. The expression of PCAT1 and miR-329-3p was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the expression of Netrin-1, CD146, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins was detected by Western blot, the proliferation activity of T84 cells was detected by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), and cell migration was detected by Transwell. The expression of the F-actin signal was detected by immunofluorescence after coculture of exosomes with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Changes in subcutaneous tumor and liver nodule size after PCAT1 deletion were observed in a mouse model of liver metastasis from rectal cancer. Results PCAT1 expression was upregulated in primary cell lines and their exosomes. After exosomes were cocultured with colorectal cancer tumor circulating T84 cells, the expression of Netrin-1 and CD146 was upregulated, the expression of miR-329-3p was downregulated, the proliferation and migration ability of T84 cells were enhanced, and EMT occurred. After knocking down PCAT1, the above phenomenon was reversed. Similarly, after exosomes were cocultured with HUVECs, the expression of the F-actin signal increased, and after PCAT1 was knocked down, the F-actin signal also decreased. PCAT1 regulates miR-329-3p/Netrin-1 and affects the biological behavior of T84 and F-actin signal expression in HUVECs. In a mouse model of colorectal cancer liver metastasis, knocking down PCAT1 significantly reduced the nodules formed by liver metastasis in mice. Conclusions LncRNA PCAT1 derived from colorectal cancer exosomes regulates the activity of the Netrin-1-CD146 complex in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to promote the occurrence of colorectal cancer EMT and liver metastasis and provides new molecular targets for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
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Mirzaei S, Paskeh MDA, Okina E, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Hashemi M, Kalu A, Zarrabi A, Nabavi N, Rabiee N, Sharifi E, Karimi-Maleh H, Ashrafizadeh M, Kumar AP, Wang Y. Molecular Landscape of LncRNAs in Prostate Cancer: A focus on pathways and therapeutic targets for intervention. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:214. [PMID: 35773731 PMCID: PMC9248128 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the most malignant tumors in men is prostate cancer that is still incurable due to its heterogenous and progressive natures. Genetic and epigenetic changes play significant roles in its development. The RNA molecules with more than 200 nucleotides in length are known as lncRNAs and these epigenetic factors do not encode protein. They regulate gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. LncRNAs play vital biological functions in cells and in pathological events, hence their expression undergoes dysregulation. Aim of review The role of epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer development are emphasized here. Therefore, lncRNAs were chosen for this purpose and their expression level and interaction with other signaling networks in prostate cancer progression were examined. Key scientific concepts of review The aberrant expression of lncRNAs in prostate cancer has been well-documented and progression rate of tumor cells are regulated via affecting STAT3, NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K/Akt and PTEN, among other molecular pathways. Furthermore, lncRNAs regulate radio-resistance and chemo-resistance features of prostate tumor cells. Overexpression of tumor-promoting lncRNAs such as HOXD-AS1 and CCAT1 can result in drug resistance. Besides, lncRNAs can induce immune evasion of prostate cancer via upregulating PD-1. Pharmacological compounds such as quercetin and curcumin have been applied for targeting lncRNAs. Furthermore, siRNA tool can reduce expression of lncRNAs thereby suppressing prostate cancer progression. Prognosis and diagnosis of prostate tumor at clinical course can be evaluated by lncRNAs. The expression level of exosomal lncRNAs such as lncRNA-p21 can be investigated in serum of prostate cancer patients as a reliable biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Okina
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 180554, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azuma Kalu
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.,Pathology, Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Korea.,School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 180554, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Wang F, Sun H, Li K, Yang K, Xiang Y, Tian X. CircRASSF2 promotes IGF1R and osteosarcoma metastasis via sponging miR-6838-5p. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:11. [PMID: 35242856 PMCID: PMC8825558 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) often occurs in children and adolescents and is highly malignant. Analyzing the pathogenesis of OS has great significance for prognosis and the discovery of new treatment strategies. METHODS The effects and mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) on OS were analyzed, as was the correlation between circRASSF2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The expression levels of microRNA (miR)-6838-5p and circRASSF2 in OS cells and osteoblasts were detected. The dual luciferase report was used to verify the targeting relationship. OS cells overexpressing circRASSF2, miR-6838-5p and/or IGF1R were constructed. The expression level of IGF1R and the biological behavior of the cells were detected. Eighty-two pairs of OS tissue and adjacent normal tissue samples were collected, and the levels of circRASSF2, miR-6838-5p, and IGF1R mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Compared with osteoblasts, OS cells showed lower expression of miR-6838-5p and higher expression of circRASSF2. The dual luciferase report confirmed that miR-6838-5p targeted IGF1R. Overexpression of IGF1R significantly blocked the anticancer effects of miR-6838-5p. The dual luciferase report verified that circRASSF2 targeted miR-6838-5p, and promoted the expression of IGF1R. Overexpression of circRASSF2 not only promoted the malignant biological behavior of OS cells, but also blocked the anticancer effects of miR-6838-5p. In OS tissue, circRASSF2 and IGF1R were upregulated, and the two were positively correlated. MiR-6838-5p was downregulated, which negatively correlated with both circRASSF2 and IGF1R. High levels of circRASSF2 were associated with higher stage and metastasis of OS. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the promoting effects of IGF1R on OS are targeted by miR-6838-5p. CircRASSF2 restored the expression of IGF1R by sponging miR-6838-5p, thereby promoting the progression of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Wang
- School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaobin Tian
- School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Ahadi A. Functional roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Genes Dis 2021; 8:424-437. [PMID: 34179307 PMCID: PMC8209321 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as regulators of gene expression and pivotal transcriptional regulators in cancer cells via diverse mechanisms. lncRNAs involves a variety of pathological and biological activities, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. By using microarray and RNA sequencing, it was identified that dysregulation of lncRNAs affects the tumorigenesis process. Taken together, these lncRNAs are putative biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies. In this review, I discuss the latest finding regarding the dysregulation of some important lncRNAs and their diverse mechanisms of these lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of certain cancers; also, I summarize the possible roles of lncRNAs in clinical application for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ahadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran
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10
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Soleymani L, Zarrabi A, Hashemi F, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Banihashemi SM, Moghadam SS, Hushmandi K, Samarghandian S, Ashrafizadeh M, Khan H. Role of ZEB family members in proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells: Revealing signaling networks. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:749-767. [PMID: 34077345 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210601114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. A variety of strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are applied for PCa treatment. PCa cells are responsive towards therapy at early stages, but they can obtain resistance in the advanced stage. Furthermore, their migratory ability is high in advanced stages. It seems that genetic and epigenetic factors play an important in this case. Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB) is a family of transcription with two key members including ZEB1 and ZEB2. ZEB family members are known due to their involvement in promoting cancer metastasis via EMT induction. Recent studies have shown their role in cancer proliferation and inducing therapy resistance. In the current review, we focus on revealing role of ZEB1 and ZEB2 in PCa. ZEB family members that are able to significantly promote proliferation and viability of cancer cells. ZEB1 and ZEB2 enhance migration and invasion of PCa cells via EMT induction. Overexpression of ZEB1 and ZEB2 is associated with poor prognosis of PCa. ZEB1 and ZEB2 upregulation occurs during PCa progression and can provide therapy resistance to cancer cells. PRMT1, Smad2, and non-coding RNAs can function as upstream mediators of the ZEB family. Besides, Bax, Bcl-2, MRP1, N-cadherin and E-cadherin can be considered as downstream targets of ZEB family in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Soleymani
- Department of biology, school of science, Urmia university, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul. Turkey
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Sabouhi Moghadam
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite -Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul. Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200. Pakistan
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11
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Xu J, Zhang Z, Shen D, Zhang T, Zhang J, De W. Long noncoding RNA LINC01296 plays an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer by suppressing p15 expression. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211004414. [PMID: 33983053 PMCID: PMC8127761 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211004414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of the long noncoding RNA LINC01296 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS We detected LINC01296 expression levels in a cohort of 51 paired CRC and normal tissues. We also assessed the effects of LINC01296 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in CRC cells in vitro, and measured its effect on tumor growth in an in vivo mouse model. We identified the potential downstream targets of LINC01296 and assessed its regulatory effects. RESULTS Expression levels of LINC01296 were elevated in 37/51 CRC tissues compared with the corresponding normal tissues and were significantly associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Knockdown of LINC01296 using antisense oligonucleotides inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis of colon cancer cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Knockdown of LINC01296 also significantly increased the gene expression of p15 in colon cancer cells. LINC01296-specific suppression of p15 was validated by the interaction between enhancer of zeste homolog 2 and LINC01296. CONCLUSION Overexpression of LINC01296 suppressed the expression of p15 leading to CRC carcinogenesis. These findings may provide the basis for novel future CRC-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhehao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei De
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Murashko MM, Stasevich EM, Schwartz AM, Kuprash DV, Uvarova AN, Demin DE. The Role of RNA in DNA Breaks, Repair and Chromosomal Rearrangements. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040550. [PMID: 33918762 PMCID: PMC8069526 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorrect reparation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) leading to chromosomal rearrangements is one of oncogenesis's primary causes. Recently published data elucidate the key role of various types of RNA in DSB formation, recognition and repair. With growing interest in RNA biology, increasing RNAs are classified as crucial at the different stages of the main pathways of DSB repair in eukaryotic cells: nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology-directed repair (HDR). Gene mutations or variation in expression levels of such RNAs can lead to local DNA repair defects, increasing the chromosome aberration frequency. Moreover, it was demonstrated that some RNAs could stimulate long-range chromosomal rearrangements. In this review, we discuss recent evidence demonstrating the role of various RNAs in DSB formation and repair. We also consider how RNA may mediate certain chromosomal rearrangements in a sequence-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matvey Mikhailovich Murashko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Ekaterina Mikhailovna Stasevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Anton Markovich Schwartz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Department of Molecular and Biological Physics, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Vladimirovich Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Aksinya Nicolaevna Uvarova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
| | - Denis Eriksonovich Demin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.M.M.); (E.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (D.V.K.); (A.N.U.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Hussen BM, Shoorei H, Mohaqiq M, Dinger ME, Hidayat HJ, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. The Impact of Non-coding RNAs in the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:665199. [PMID: 33842553 PMCID: PMC8033041 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.665199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a course of action that enables a polarized epithelial cell to undertake numerous biochemical alterations that allow it to adopt features of mesenchymal cells such as high migratory ability, invasive properties, resistance to apoptosis, and importantly higher-order formation of extracellular matrix elements. EMT has important roles in implantation and gastrulation of the embryo, inflammatory reactions and fibrosis, and transformation of cancer cells, their invasiveness and metastatic ability. Regarding the importance of EMT in the invasive progression of cancer, this process has been well studies in in this context. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to exert critical function in the regulation of cellular processes that are involved in the EMT. These processes include regulation of some transcription factors namely SNAI1 and SNAI2, ZEB1 and ZEB2, Twist, and E12/E47, modulation of chromatin configuration, alternative splicing, and protein stability and subcellular location of proteins. In the present paper, we describe the influence of ncRNAs including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in the EMT process and their application as biomarkers for this process and cancer progression and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohaqiq
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Marcel E. Dinger
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Wang J, Chen X, Hu H, Yao M, Song Y, Yang A, Xu X, Zhang N, Gao J, Liu B. PCAT-1 facilitates breast cancer progression via binding to RACK1 and enhancing oxygen-independent stability of HIF-1α. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:310-324. [PMID: 33850635 PMCID: PMC8020346 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia induces a series of cellular adaptive responses that enable promotion of inflammation and cancer development. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is involved in the hypoxia response and cancer promotion, and it accumulates in hypoxia and is degraded under normoxic conditions. Here we identify prostate cancer associated transcript-1 (PCAT-1) as a hypoxia-inducible long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that regulates HIF-1α stability, crucial for cancer progression. Extensive analyses of clinical data indicate that PCAT-1 is elevated in breast cancer patients and is associated with pathological grade, tumor size, and poor clinical outcomes. Through gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we find that PCAT-1 promotes hypoxia-associated breast cancer progression including growth, migration, invasion, colony formation, and metabolic regulation. Mechanistically, PCAT-1 directly interacts with the receptor of activated protein C kinase-1 (RACK1) protein and prevents RACK1 from binding to HIF-1α, thus protecting HIF-1α from RACK1-induced oxygen-independent degradation. These findings provide new insight into lncRNA-mediated mechanisms for HIF-1α stability and suggest a novel role of PCAT-1 as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xuyi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China
| | - Haijuan Hu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Mengting Yao
- School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanbiao Song
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xiuhua Xu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab of BME Measurement, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianzhao Gao
- School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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15
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Zhang W, Ren X, Qi L, Zhang C, Tu C, Li Z. The value of lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers on clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:202. [PMID: 33639865 PMCID: PMC7912917 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07882-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, emerging studies have demonstrated critical functions and potential clinical applications of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in osteosarcoma. To further validate the prognostic value of multiple lncRNAs, we have conducted this updated meta-analysis. Methods Literature retrieval was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library (last update by October 2, 2019). A meta-analysis was performed to explore association between lncRNAs expression and overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients. Relationships between lncRNAs expression and other clinicopathological features were also analyzed respectively. Results Overall, 4351 patients from 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis and 25 lncRNAs were identified. Pooled analyses showed that high expression of 14 lncRNAs connoted worse OS, while two lncRNAs were associated with positive outcome. Further, analysis toward osteosarcoma clinicopathologic features demonstrated that overexpression of TUG1 and XIST indicated poor clinical parameters of patients. Conclusions This meta-analysis has elucidated the prognostic potential of 16 lncRNAs in human osteosarcoma. Evidently, desperate expression and functional targets of these lncRNAs offer new approaches for prognosis and therapy of osteosarcoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07882-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Yu Y, Wang L, Li Z, Zheng Y, Shi Z, Wang G. Long noncoding RNA CRNDE functions as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in osteosarcoma, as well as promotes its progression via inhibition of miR-335-3p. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22734. [PMID: 33522065 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value, as well as the role of long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) in osteosarcoma (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was to determine lncRNA CRNDE and microRNA-335-3p (miR-335-3p) expressions. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was to analyze the relationship between lncRNA CRNDE expression and survival in patients with OS. Receiver operating characteristic curves were to evaluate the diagnostic value of lncRNA CRNDE in OS. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays were used to predict and confirm the relationship between lncRNA CRNDE and miR-335-3p. Cell counting Kit-8 and transwell migration assays assessed the role of lncRNA CRNDE and miR-335-3p in OS cells. RESULTS lncRNA CRNDE expression was upregulated and miR-355-3p expression was downregulated in OS. In patients with OS, low lncRNA CRNDE expression demonstrated higher overall survival, whereas high lncRNA CRNDE expression was an independent poor prognostic factor. Furthermore, increased lncRNA CRNDE expression was associated with distant metastasis and the tumor-node-metastasis stage in patients with OS, which can be considered as an independent diagnostic biomarker in OS. We revealed that miR-335-3p was the target of lncRNA CRNDE. It also demonstrated that knockdown of lncRNA CRNDE inhibited OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibition of miR-355-3p promoted this effect. Finally, miR-335-3p partially mediated the stimulatory effects of lncRNA CRNDE in OS. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that lncRNA CRNDE is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for OS, and the lncRNA CRNDE/miR-335-3p axis participates in OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leiming Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zijun Li
- Department of Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhisong Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
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Wilson C, Kanhere A. 8q24.21 Locus: A Paradigm to Link Non-Coding RNAs, Genome Polymorphisms and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1094. [PMID: 33499210 PMCID: PMC7865353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of the human genome is comprised of non-protein-coding genes, but the relevance of non-coding RNAs in complex diseases has yet to be fully elucidated. One class of non-coding RNAs is long non-coding RNAs or lncRNAs, many of which have been identified to play a range of roles in transcription and translation. While the clinical importance of the majority of lncRNAs have yet to be identified, it is puzzling that a large number of disease-associated genetic variations are seen in lncRNA genes. The 8q24.21 locus is rich in lncRNAs and very few protein-coding genes are located in this region. Interestingly, the 8q24.21 region is also a hot spot for genetic variants associated with an increased risk of cancer. Research focusing on the lncRNAs in this area of the genome has indicated clinical relevance of lncRNAs in different cancers. In this review, we summarise the lncRNAs in the 8q24.21 region with respect to their role in cancer and discuss the potential impact of cancer-associated genetic polymorphisms on the function of lncRNAs in initiation and progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aditi Kanhere
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
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18
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Liu SY, Zhao ZY, Qiao Z, Li SM, Zhang WN. LncRNA PCAT1 Interacts with DKC1 to Regulate Proliferation, Invasion and Apoptosis in NSCLC Cells via the VEGF/AKT/Bcl2/Caspase9 Pathway. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:963689720986071. [PMID: 33461333 PMCID: PMC7818005 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720986071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as indispensable
components of the regulatory network in the progression of various cancers,
including nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The lncRNA prostate cancer
associated transcript 1 (PCAT1) has been involved in tumorigenesis of multiple
malignant solid tumors, but it is largely unknown that what is the role of
lncRNA-PCAT1 and how it functions in the progression of lung cancer. Herein, we
observed that lncRNA PCAT1 expression was upregulated in both human NSCLC
tissues and cell lines, which was determined by qualitative polymerase chain
reaction analysis. Then, gain-and loss-of-function manipulations were performed
in A549 cells by transfection with a specific short interfering RNA against
PCAT1 or a pcDNA-PCAT1 expression vector. The results showed that PCAT1 not only
promoted NSCLC cell proliferation and invasion but also inhibited cell
apoptosis. Bioinformatics and expression correlation analyses revealed that
there was a potential interaction between PCAT1 and the dyskerin pseudouridine
synthase 1 (DKC1) protein, an RNA-binding protein. Then, RNA pull-down assays
with biotinylated probes and transcripts both confirmed that PCAT1 directly
bounds with DKC1 that could also promote NSCLC cell proliferation and invasion
and inhibit cell apoptosis. Moreover, the effects of PCAT1 and DKC1 on NSCLC
functions are synergistic. Furthermore, PCAT1 and DKC1 activated the vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/protein kinase B (AKT)/Bcl-2/caspase9 pathway
in NSCLC cells, and inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor, AKT, or
Bcl-2 could eliminate the effect of PCAT1/DKC1 co-overexpression on NSCLC cell
behaviors. In conclusion, lncRNA PCAT1 interacts with DKC1 to regulate
proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis in NSCLC cells via the
VEGF/AKT/Bcl-2/caspase9 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yu Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Min Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ning Zhang
- Department of Surgical Chest and Oncology, the Hospital of Xidian Group, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
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19
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Sun D, Zhao Y, Wang W, Guan C, Hu Z, Liu L, Jiang X. PCAT1 induced by transcription factor YY1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma proliferation, migration and invasion by sponging miR-216a-3p to up-regulate oncogene BCL3. Biol Chem 2020; 402:207-219. [PMID: 33544468 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to illustrate the function and role of PCAT1 in CCA. The relative expression was confirmed by RT-qPCR and western blot. The biological function of PCAT1 was evaluated by CCK8, EdU, colony formation, wound healing, transwell, and subcutaneous tumor formation assays. Protein levels of EMT markers were measured by western blot. The binding relationship was predicted by JASPAR and starBase. The binding of YY1 to PCAT1 promoter was assessed by ChIP and luciferase reporter. The binding capacity between miR-216a-3p and PCAT1 as well as BCL3 was assessed by luciferase reporter and AGO2-RIP assays. In this study, we found that PCAT1 was up-regulated in CCA tissues and cells, and the PCAT1 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, PCAT1 was assessed as an independent risk factor of prognosis for CCA patients. Amplified PCAT1 was found to promote tumor proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT process, whereas PCAT1 knockdown inhibited these malignant phenotypes. Mechanistically, PCAT1 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and competitively bound miR-216a-3p to increase BCL3 expression. In addition, PCAT1 was activated by transcription factor YY1. This study revealed that PCAT1 acted as an oncogene in CCA, and the YY1/PCAT1/miR-216a-3p/BCL3 axis exhibited critical functions in CCA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuqiao Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weina Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology,The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Canghai Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zengtao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xingming Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 148 BaoJian-ro, Harbin150086, Heilongjiang, China
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20
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Yang P, Liu Y, Qi YC, Lian ZH. High SENP3 Expression Promotes Cell Migration, Invasion, and Proliferation by Modulating DNA Methylation of E-Cadherin in Osteosarcoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820956988. [PMID: 33030103 PMCID: PMC7549150 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820956988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
SENP3, a sentrin/SUMO2/3-specific protease, is recognized as a transcriptional factor that accumulates under cellular oxidative stress and plays a significant role in the removal of SUMO2/3 modification. In our study, we examined a TCGA dataset and found that the transcripts per million (TPM) value of SENP3 is high in sarcoma, including osteosarcoma (OS). We found that SENP3 was highly expressed in OS cancer tissues when compared with osteofibrous dysplasia tissues. The survival data of SENP3 in TCGA showed that the sarcoma patients with higher SENP3 expression levels showed poor prognosis. In vitro, SENP3 knockdown in OS cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis. In contrast, SENP3 overexpression reversed these effects. Next, we found that SENP3 inhibited the expression of E-cadherin (E-Cad) by increasing methylation of the E-Cad promoter. Finally, E-Cad expression was increased in the OS cell line MG63 following methylation, and the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity were decreased. In summary, SENP3 played a significant role in OS carcinogenesis and may act as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Medicine & Department of Plastic Surgery, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, 504354Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, 504354Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yin Chao Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, 504354Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhang Hong Lian
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, 504354Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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21
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Liu W, Liu P, Gao H, Wang X, Yan M. Long non-coding RNA PGM5-AS1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by impairing miR-140-5p-mediated FBN1 inhibition. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2660-2677. [PMID: 32412676 PMCID: PMC7530781 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an uncommon tumor occurring in bone, accompanied by elevated incidence and reduced rate of healing. Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) serves as a conceptual paradigm to explain the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma and other cancers. Hence, developing effective therapeutic strategy to treat the EMT of osteosarcoma is essential. Here, we identified the molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PGM5‐AS1 in EMT and progression of osteosarcoma. Microarray‐based analysis was employed to screen the osteosarcoma‐related differentially expressed lncRNAs. The levels of PGM5‐AS1 as well as microRNA‐140‐5p (miR‐140‐5p) and fibrillin‐1 (FBN1) in osteosarcoma tissues and cells were determined. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA pull‐down assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were conducted to validate the relationship among PGM5‐AS1, miR‐140‐5p, and FBN1. Expression of PGM5‐AS1, miR‐140‐5p, and FBN1 was altered by overexpression, shRNA, mimic, or inhibitors in order to investigate how they regulated migration, invasion, and EMT of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function approaches were employed in nude mice to detect their roles in tumorigenesis in vivo. Osteosarcoma tissues and cells exhibited low expression of miR‐140‐5p, but high expression of PGM5‐AS1 and FBN1. PGM5‐AS1 competitively bound to miR‐140‐5p to upregulate FBN1. Furthermore, hindering PGM5‐AS1 and FBN1 or overexpressing miR‐140‐5p dampened migration, invasion, and EMT of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Furthermore, silencing PGM5‐AS1 or FBN1, or overexpressing miR‐140‐5p markedly inhibited tumorigenesis in nude mice in vivo. Taken together, PGM5‐AS1 depletion causes FBN1 reduction to retard osteosarcoma processes by negatively modulating miR‐140‐5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hang Gao
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Zhang Y, Pu Y, Wang J, Li Z, Wang H. Research progress regarding the role of long non-coding RNAs in osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2606-2612. [PMID: 32782578 PMCID: PMC7400499 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in children and adolescents. Although treatments for osteosarcoma have improved, the likelihood of survival remains low for most patients with metastasis and recurrence. Elucidating the mechanism underlying the development of osteosarcoma and chemotherapy resistance will be important to improve diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are longer than 200 nucleotides in length and do not encode for proteins, have been shown to play a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma, and are expected to serve as biomarkers and molecular targets. This review discusses the progress in the study of the role of lncRNAs in osteosarcoma, and highlights the recent developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Yanchuan Pu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Zicai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
| | - Hulin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, P.R. China
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23
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Wen JH, Wu YM, Chen LL. [Functions of non-coding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:330-337. [PMID: 32573144 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament-derived cells serve as an important source of seeding cells in periodontal regenerative medicine, and their osteogenic potential is closely related to alveolar bone repair and periodontal regeneration. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), such as microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA, play important roles in the regu-lation of osteogenic genes in human periodontal ligament-derived cells. In this review, we summarize the target genes, path-ways, and functions of the ncRNA network during osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Wen
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yan-Min Wu
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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24
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Jin KT, Yao JY, Fang XL, Di H, Ma YY. Roles of lncRNAs in cancer: Focusing on angiogenesis. Life Sci 2020; 252:117647. [PMID: 32275935 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 98% of the human genome consists of non-coding sequences that are classified into two classes by size: small non-coding RNAs (≤200 nucleotides) and long non-coding RNAs (≥200 nucleotides). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various cellular events and act as guides, signals, decoys, and dynamic scaffolds. Due to their oncogenic and tumor suppressive roles, lncRNAs are important in cancer development and growth. LncRNAs play their roles by modulating cancer hallmarks, including DNA damage, metastasis, immune escape, cell stemness, drug resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is vital for solid tumors which guarantees their growth beyond 2 mm3. Tumor angiogenesis is a complex process and is regulated through interaction between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors within the tumor microenvironment. There are accumulating evidence that different lncRNAs regulate tumor angiogenesis. In this paper, we described the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Yu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xing-Liang Fang
- Acupuncture and Tuina Clinic, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Hua Di
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing Municipal Hospital), Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Ying-Yu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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25
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Dashti S, Taheri M. PCAT1: An oncogenic lncRNA in diverse cancers and a putative therapeutic target. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 114:104429. [PMID: 32220602 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of diverse biological functions has potentiated them as cancer biomarkers. Among these transcripts is the prostate cancer associated transcript 1 (PCAT1) which has been initially shown to exert oncogenic roles in prostate cancer. Further studies revealed its similar roles in various kinds of human malignancies including both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Animal studies have shown that down-regulation of this lncRNA can attenuate tumor growth in a wide array of cancers including prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, squamous cell carcinoma lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies aimed at identification of diagnostic value of this lncRNA in human cancers reported various values ranging from 0.66 to 0.89 in diverse cancers with the best value reported in multiple myeloma. This lncRNA has a number of putative functional genomic variants such as rs1902432, rs2632159, rs1026411, rs710886, rs16901904 and rs710886 which can modify expression or function of PCAT1 thus altering the risk of human cancers. Based on aberrant expression of PCAT1 in malignancies of diverse origins, this lncRNA can be regarded as a therapeutic target in a vast array of cancers. Thus, modalities for efficient reduction of its expression would be beneficial for several patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center(Ghafouri-Fard et al., 2020b), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Dashti
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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26
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Zhang C, Shao S, Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu J, Fang F, Li P, Wang B. LncRNA PCAT1 promotes metastasis of endometrial carcinoma through epigenetical downregulation of E-cadherin associated with methyltransferase EZH2. Life Sci 2020; 243:117295. [PMID: 31927050 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
More than 140 thousands of women suffer from endometrial carcinoma in the worldwide, and over 40 thousand of the patients die before and after in surgery and chemoradiotherapy because of its metastasis. However, its molecular mechanism is much less known compared to other cancers. In this study, we demonstrated that long non-coding RNA PCAT1 is dramatically increased in the tissues and plasma from endometrial carcinoma (EC) (n = 100, all p < 0.001) controlled by its paracancerous tissue, and cell lines including RL-952, HEC-1-B, KLE, Ishikawa, and AN3CA compared to the cells from normal endometrium (all p < 0.001). When lncRNA PCAT1 was knocked-down, the KLE and AN3CA cells exhibited slow capability on proliferation and colony formation in vitro. With the silence of lncRNA PCAT1, the cells were markedly inhibited on migration and invasion in vitro (all p < 0.001), which were confirmed on the EC patient subjects. When expressions of lncRNA PCAT1 were interfered in the cells, expressions of E-cadherin but not N-cadherin and Vimentin were significantly promoted with a strong up-regulation accompanied by nearly completed recoveries on migration and invasion (all p < 0.001). In order to analyze the association of lncRNA PCAT1 and E-cadherin, we silenced the expressions of both genes and unveiled that EC migration and invasion were significantly congested (all p < 0.001). Importantly, we found that the E-cadherin down-regulation caused by lncRNA PCAT1 associates with histone methyltransferase EZH2. When over-expression of EZH2 was applied in the PCAT1 silenced cells, the expression of E-cadherin experienced significant decrease in the cell lines. Reversely, when expression of EZH2 was annulled in the PCAT1 silenced cells, the expression of E-cadherin was significantly boosted in the cells (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, the interaction of lncRNA PCAT1 and EZH2 were approved with immunoprecipitation. Our data demonstrated that the methyltransferase EZH2 related up-regulation of lncRNA PCAT1 along with down-regulation of E-cadherin could be essential in oncogenesis of endometrial carcinoma in both EC cells and patient subjects. These compact data suggest that combination of lncRNA PCAT1, EZH2 and E-cadherin could provide valued information for efficient EC diagnostics, which would propose a potential target for EC treatment with EZH2i on methyltransferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Shasha Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Liyang Wang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jianzhong Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Huaian Second People's Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Gynaecology, Huaian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Peiquan Li
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Huaian First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300 Jiangsu, China.
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Lin H, Hao Y, Wan X, He J, Tong Y. Baicalein inhibits cell development, metastasis and EMT and induces apoptosis by regulating ERK signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:49-57. [PMID: 31948366 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1713807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant primary tumor. Baicalein has broad-spectrum anti-tumor effects. This study aimed to study the specific molecular regulatory mechanism of baicalein in anti-osteosarcoma and the possible regulatory signaling network involved.Methods: In vitro experiment, MG-63 cells treated with 0, 50, 75, and 100 μM of baicalein. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, cycle, apoptosis, and morphology were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT), clone formation, wound healing, Transwell, flow cytometry, Hoechst staining, wound healing and microscopic observation. In addition, cycle, apoptosis and EMT-related proteins and p-ERK/ERK expression level were analyzed using western blotting. In vivo experiments were performed by BALB/c-nude mice model establishment to detect mice and tumor weight, tumor volume, positive rate and p-ERK/ERK expression when mice treated with 100 μM of baicalein.Results: Firstly, the IC50 of baicalein was 67.57 μM. Then, baicalein decreased cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and the expression of CDK2, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, Bcl-2, N-cad, Vimentin, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-ERK/ERK, while increased G1 phase numbers, apoptosis and the expression level of p21, p27, cleaved caspase 3/9, Bax, E-cad, ZO-1 in a dose-dependent manner in MG-63 cells. Also, baicalein reduced the body weight, tumor weight and volume and relative expression level of p-ERK/ERK in vivo.Conclusion: Baicalein inhibits cell development, metastasis, and EMT progress and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by regulating ERK signaling pathway in osteosarcoma, and has a visible anti-osteosarcoma effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Yongjun Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, China
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Zang B, Zhao J, Chen C. LncRNA PCAT-1 Promoted ESCC Progression via Regulating ANXA10 Expression by Sponging miR-508-3p. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10841-10849. [PMID: 31920393 PMCID: PMC6941610 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s233983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given the poor prognosis of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients, molecular mechanisms underlying the progression and metastasis of ESCC are highly desired in the scientific community. Prostate cancer associated transcript-1 (PCAT-1) is a lncRNA up-regulated in major types of cancers and is associated with the poor prognosis of cancer patients. This study aimed to understand the expression and role of PCAT-1 in the progression and metastasis of ESCC and to identify the potential lncRNA-miRNA interactions and signaling pathways underlying the mechanisms of action of PCAT-1 in ESCC. Materials and Methods Gene expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR; protein levels were determined by Western blot assay; cell proliferation, invasion and migration were determined by CCK-8, Transwell invasion and wound healing assays, respectively; in vivo tumor growth was evaluated by xenograft nude mice model. Results Our data showed the up-regulation of PCAT-1 in different human ESCC cell lines and in clinical ESCC tissues. Knockdown of PCAT-1 in ESCC cells significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of the cancer cells. Moreover, we showed the interactions between PCAT-1 and miR-508-3p and demonstrated that PCAT-1 was able to repress miR-508-3p expression in ESCC cells via acting as a competing endogenous RNA. Besides, Annexin A10 (ANXA10) was identified to be the downstream target of the PCAT-1 and miR-508-3p interactions. Conclusion This study demonstrated the functional role of PCAT-1 in promoting the proliferation, invasion and migration of ESCC cells. We also identified a PCAT-1/miR-508-3p/ANXA10 axis in mediating the promoting role of PCAT-1 in the progression of ESCC. The findings provide experimental evidence to support lncRNA PCAT-1 as a potential therapeutic target of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Guo W, Jiang H, Li H, Li F, Yu Q, Liu Y, Jiang W, Zhang M. LncRNA-SRA1 Suppresses Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation While Promoting Cell Apoptosis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033819841438. [PMID: 31106680 PMCID: PMC6535715 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819841438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor that is frequently found in the long bones of children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine long noncoding RNA-steroid receptor RNA activator 1 expression in osteosarcoma to explore the biological function of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 on proliferation, migration, and invasion along with apoptosis and its regulatory mechanism, which would facilitate the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of osteosarcoma. Methods: First, microarray analysis was applied to determine the expression of long noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma tissues and paired normal tissues. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to validate microarray findings. Next, osteosarcoma cancerous cell lines SJSA-1 and U2OS were transfected with pcDNA3.1-SRA1 or pCMV-sh-SRA1 to increase or decrease steroid receptor RNA activator 1 expression levels, and microRNA-208a inhibitors, mimic to investigate the effects of microRNA-208a on osteosarcoma as well as the regulatory relation between long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 and microRNA-208a. Cell proliferation was evaluated through Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to evaluate the apoptosis ratio. The migration and invasion abilities were measured using wound-healing and transwell assays. Results: Long noncoding RNA-steroid receptor RNA activator 1 expression was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells compared with that in corresponding normal tissues, whereas microRNA-208a expression was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. Moreover, the restoration of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 inhibited cell proliferation, and upregulation of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 restrained cell migration and invasion but boosted the apoptosis rate in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 targeting microRNA-208a was involved in the progression of osteosarcoma. Furthermore, upregulating microRNA-208a exerted similar roles of silencing long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 in cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion, which were reversed by enhancing the expression of long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1. Conclusions: In our study, long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator 1 played an antitumor role in osteosarcoma as it reduced cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, but facilitated cell apoptosis via sponging microRNA-208a, which could be regarded as a potential therapeutic target of osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Haitao Jiang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Haijun Li
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Li
- 2 Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Yu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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30
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Shen X, Shen P, Yang Q, Yin Q, Wang F, Cong H, Wang X, Ju S. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA PCAT-1 inhibits myeloma cell growth and drug resistance via p38 and JNK MAPK pathways. J Cancer 2019; 10:6502-6510. [PMID: 31777580 PMCID: PMC6856901 DOI: 10.7150/jca.35098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Both previous and recent literature showed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were crucial participants in multiple myeloma (MM) evolution. However, the dynamic regulation and mechanism of lncRNAs in MM progression was not fully understood. This study will explore the expression and effects of prostate cancer-associated ncRNA transcript 1 (PCAT-1) in MM. Materials and Methods: The expression level of PCAT-1 was examined using quantitative real-time PCR in patients with newly diagnosed MM and cell lines. The potential biological effects and molecular mechanisms of PCAT-1 in MM were evaluated using a series of soft agar colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay, cell cycle and apoptosis assay by flow cytometry, protein chip arrays, western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and nude subcutaneous tumorigenesis model. Results: High expression of PCAT-1 was observed in patients with newly diagnosed MM and cell lines. Over-expressed PCAT-1 enhanced cell division and inhibited apoptosis both in cultured cells and in animal model. Meanwhile, silenced PCAT-1 exerted the opposite function. Additionally, PCAT-1 knockdown sensitized MM cells to bortezomib (Bort). Inhibitor of PCAT-1 combination with Bort exhibited a more effective inhibitory effect on MM cells compared with negative control or Bort alone. Further mechanism exploration via protein chips, Go and KEGG pathway analysis along with immunoblot analysis revealed that PCAT-1 facilitated cell growth and drug resistance via the p38 and JNK MAPK pathways. Conclusion: This study identified a novel lncRNA-associated mechanism underlying MM carcinogenesis, and provided clinicians with a promising therapeutic target in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjuan Shen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Pei Shen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Hui Cong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, JS, P. R. China
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31
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Li H, Ma X, Yang D, Suo Z, Dai R, Liu C. PCAT-1 contributes to cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer through epigenetically silencing PTEN via recruiting EZH2. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1353-1361. [PMID: 31478258 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the functional role and the underlying molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT-1) in cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer (GC). Our results indicated that PCAT-1 was overexpressed in CDDP-resistant GC tumor tissues and cell lines. High expression of PCAT-1 was closely correlated with short overall survival in patients with GC. Downregulation of PCAT-1 resensitized CDDP-resistant GC cells to cisplatin. In addition, PCAT-1 epigenetically silenced PTEN through binding to the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), thus increasing H3K27me3. More importantly, PTEN silencing counteracted PCAT-1 knockdown-mediated enhancement in cisplatin sensitivity of CDDP-resistant GC cells. In summary, PCAT-1 led to cisplatin resistance in GC cells through epigenetically suppressing PTEN expression, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for GC patients with chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Digestion, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- Department of Digestion, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Desheng Yang
- Department of Digestion, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhimin Suo
- Department of Digestion, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Rujiang Dai
- Department of Digestion, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- Department of Digestion, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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32
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Bi Y, Cui Z, Li H, Lv X, Li J, Yang Z, Gao M, Zhang Z, Wang S, Zhou B, Yin Z. Polymorphisms in Long Noncoding RNA-Prostate Cancer-Associated Transcript 1 Are Associated with Lung Cancer Susceptibility in a Northeastern Chinese Population. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:1357-1365. [PMID: 31464517 PMCID: PMC6822575 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. In this study, we chose four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lncRNA-PCAT1 (rs1026411 G>A, rs12543663 A>C, rs710886 T>C, and rs16901904 T>C) to investigate the association between genetic variant in lncRNA-PCAT1 and susceptibility to lung cancer. The study was a hospital-based case–control study including 561 cancer-free controls and 468 lung cancer cases. Genotyping of four SNPs was conducted by using Taqman® allelic discrimination methods. All statistical analyses were performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. We failed to find significant associations between four SNPs and lung cancer risk in all models. However, polymorphisms in rs1026411 and rs710886 were observed to have significant associations with susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer (AG vs. GG: odds ratio [OR]a = 0.701, p* = 0.020 and AA+AG vs. GG: ORa = 0.711 [superscript “a” refers to OR adjusted by age, gender, and smoking], p* = 0.017 [asterisks “*” refers to p adjusted by age, gender, and smoking] for rs1026411; CT vs. TT: ORa = 0.723, p* = 0.047 and CC+CT vs. TT: ORa = 0.729, p* = 0.038 for rs710886). Besides, the rs1026411 polymorphism had a similar association with lung adenocarcinoma risk (AG vs. GG: ORa = 0.663, p* = 0.019 and AA+AG vs. GG: ORa = 0.685, p* = 0.020). Polymorphisms in rs710886 and rs16901904 were observed to be associated with lung squamous cell carcinoma risk (CC+CT vs. TT: ORa = 0.638, p* = 0.040 for rs710886; CC vs. TT: ORa = 2.582, p* = 0.033 and CC vs. TT+CT: ORa = 2.381, p* = 0.048 for rs16901904). In addition, there were no significant results in gene–environmental interactions in both additive and multiplicative models. Our results suggested that polymorphisms in lncRNA-PCAT1 might be associated with lung cancer susceptibility in a northeastern Chinese population. The results of gene–environmental interactions were not significant in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Bi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Cui
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Lv
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zitai Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Shengli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Yang ML, Huang Z, Wu LN, Wu R, Ding HX, Wang BG. lncRNA- PCAT1 rs2632159 polymorphism could be a biomarker for colorectal cancer susceptibility. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190708. [PMID: 31253700 PMCID: PMC6629943 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lncRNAs could be biomarkers for susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC), but the association of PCAT1 polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility is yet to be studied. Methods: Five tagSNPs covering the PCAT1 gene were detected through Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR among 436 CRC patients and 510 controls. An expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) bioinformatic analysis was then performed. Results: In the present study, PCAT1 rs2632159 polymorphism increased CRC risk by 1.37-fold and 2.19-fold in the dominant and recessive models, respectively (P=0.040 and 0.041). When the CRC cases were divided into colon cancer and rectal cancer, we found that this polymorphism affected colon cancer risk under the dominant model (P=0.022, OR = 1.51) and affected rectal cancer susceptibility under the recessive model (P=0.009, OR = 3.03). A more pronounced effect was observed in the male subgroup in that PCAT1 rs2632159 SNP increased rectal cancer risk by 3.97-fold (P=0.017). When PCAT1 rs2632159 was present, epistatic effects were observed with rs1902432 and rs785005 (P=0.011 and 0.008, respectively). eQTL analysis showed that rs2632159 could influence binding with the transcription factors EBF, LUN-1, and TCF12. Conclusion:PCAT1 rs2632159 SNP could be a biomarker for CRC risk. And the rs1902432 SNP might only have potential to be a biomarker for colon cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Yang
- The 2nd Oncology Department of Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Genery Surgery Department of Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Li-Na Wu
- The 2nd Oncology Department of Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Rong Wu
- The 2nd Oncology Department of Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Han-Xi Ding
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ben-Gang Wang
- Department 1 of General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Guo Y, Yue P, Wang Y, Chen G, Li Y. PCAT-1 contributes to cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer through miR-128/ZEB1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109255. [PMID: 31352238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is implicated with chemoresistance in cancers. However, their function and molecular mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) chemoresistance remain not well elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional role and the underlying molecular mechanism of lncRNA prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT-1) in cisplatin (DDP) resistance of GC. Our results revealed that PCAT-1 was up-regulated in DDP-resistant GC tissues and cells. GC patients with high PCAT-1 expression levels had a poor prognosis. Knockdown of PCAT-1 facilitated the sensitivity of DDP-resistant GC cells to DDP. Additionally, PCAT-1 functioned as a sponge of miR-128 in GC cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-128 reversed the inductive effect of PCAT-1 knockdown on DDP sensitivity of GC cells. In addition, ZEB1 was identified as a target of miR-128, and overexpression of ZEB1 could block the inductive effect of PCAT-1 knockdown on DDP sensitivity of GC cells. Besides, PCAT-1 knockdown enhanced DDP sensitivity in tumors in vivo. In summary, PCAT-1 confers DDP resistance in GC cells through miR-128/ZEB1 axis, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinmou Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shangqiu first People's Hospital, Shangqiu, 476100, China.
| | - Peiru Yue
- Department of Oncology, Shangqiu first People's Hospital, Shangqiu, 476100, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shangqiu first People's Hospital, Shangqiu, 476100, China
| | - Gongbin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shangqiu first People's Hospital, Shangqiu, 476100, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, Shangqiu first People's Hospital, Shangqiu, 476100, China
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Jiang W, Yu Y, Liu J, Zhao Q, Wang J, Zhang J, Dang X. Downregulation of Cdc6 inhibits tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108949. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Yang W, Shan Z, Zhou X, Peng L, Zhi C, Chai J, Liu H, Yang J, Zhang Z. Knockdown of lncRNA GHET1 inhibits osteosarcoma cells proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Biomark 2019; 23:589-601. [PMID: 30475755 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant skeleton tumor that derives from mesenchymal cells. Emerging evidences have identified the vital role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of osteosarcoma. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA gastric carcinoma highly expressed transcript 1 (GHET1) in osteosarcoma progression. METHODS The expression levels of relevant genes in clinical samples and cell lines were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 and cell colony formation assays. Transwell assay was used to detect the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Protein levels were detected by western blot. In vivo tumor growth was investigated in the xenograft nude mice model. To determine whether growth inhibition and apoptosis are responsible for antitumor activity of silencing GHET1, immunohistochemistry for proliferation and TUNEL assay was performed in xenograft tissues. In vivo lung metastasis was performed to detect the effect of GHET1 on cell metastasis ability. RESULTS Our results revealed that GHET1 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues compared to normal tissues. GHET1 was also increased in osteosarcoma cell lines compared to normal osteoplastic cell line. The up-regulation of GHET1 was significantly associated with TNM stage, distant metastasis and lymph node metastasis in patients with osteosarcoma. In vitro studies showed that silencing GHET1 in MG-63 and U2OS cells inhibited cell proliferation, cell invasion and migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), promoted cell apoptotic rate, and also caused an increase in cell population at G0/G1 phase with a decrease in cell population at S phase. Overexpression of GHET1 promoted the proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. Importantly, silencing GHET1 inhibited tumor growth and tumor metastasis in mice MG-63-xenograft model in association with changes of EMT-related genes, reduced expression of Ki-67 and promotion of apoptosis. CONCLUSION GHET1 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, inhibited cell apoptosis, promoted cell proliferation, invasion and migration by affecting EMT in vitro, and was correlated with the tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. GHET1 may be a potential therapeutic target of osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiming Shan
- Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Zhengzhou University, The Children's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinfang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liangqun Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chongyang Zhi
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junhui Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junmei Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Zhengzhou University, The Children's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhandong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Xiong T, Li J, Chen F, Zhang F. PCAT-1: A Novel Oncogenic Long Non-Coding RNA in Human Cancers. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:847-856. [PMID: 30906215 PMCID: PMC6429018 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides (nts) without obvious protein coding potential. lncRNAs act as multiple roles in biological processes of diseases, especially carcinomas. Prostate cancer associated transcript-1 (PCAT-1) is an oncogenic lncRNA that identified by RNA-Sequence in prostate cancer. High expression of PCAT-1 is observed in different types of cancers, including prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer and gastric cancer. High expressed PCAT-1 is correlated with poor overall survival. Furthermore, PCAT-1 regulates cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Additionally, PCAT-1 is involved in EMT and Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway. In this review, we focus on the implication of PCAT-1 in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fangfang Chen
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036
| | - Fangting Zhang
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036
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Yu L, Qu H, Yu Y, Li W, Zhao Y, Qiu G. LncRNA-PCAT1 targeting miR-145-5p promotes TLR4-associated osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:6134-6147. [PMID: 30338912 PMCID: PMC6237555 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to explore the differential expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA)‐PCAT1, miR‐145‐5p and TLR4 in osteogenic differentiation via the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signalling pathway and consequently determine the potential molecular mechanism. The mRNAs and pathways related to the osteogenic differentiation in human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs) were analysed by bioinformatics. The MiRanda and TargetScan database were employed to detect the potential binding sites of miRNAs on lncRNAs and mRNAs. The differential expression of lncRNA‐PCAT1, miR‐145‐5p and TLR4 were detected by qRT‐PCR. Rrelated protein expression was analysed by Western blot. The targeted relationships between lncRNA‐PCAT1, miR‐145‐5p and TLR4 were verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and ARS staining assays were used to measure the impacts exerted by lncRNA PCAT1, miR‐145‐5p and TLR4 mRNA on osteogenic differentiation. After the induction of osteoblast differentiation, the expression of lncRNA‐PCAT1 and TLR4 increased, while the expression of miR‐145‐5p decreased. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay confirmed the targeted relationship between lncRNA‐PCAT1, miR‐145‐5p, and TLR4. LncRNA‐PCAT1 negatively regulated miR‐145‐5p and positively regulated TLR4. Knockdown of lncRNA‐PCAT1 or TLR4 decreased the expression of osteogenic differentiation‐related proteins, reduced the ALP and ARS levels and the activity of the TLR signalling pathway. MiR‐145‐5p could reverse the effects of PCAT1 and TLR4 in hADSCs osteogenic differentiation. LncRNA‐PCAT1 negatively regulated miR‐145‐5p, which promoted TLR4 expression to promote osteogenic differentiation by activating the TLR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjia Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Qu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yifeng Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
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Chalcone Derivatives 4'-Amino-1-Naphthyl-Chalcone (D14) and 4'-Amino-4-Methyl-1-Naphthyl-Chalcone (D15) Suppress Migration and Invasion of Osteosarcoma Cells Mediated by p53 Regulating EMT-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092838. [PMID: 30235848 PMCID: PMC6163733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that mainly affects children, adolescents, and young adults. The inhibition of metastasis is a main strategy of OS therapy since the development of metastatic disease due to drug resistance remains the most important cause of death from this cancer. Considering the severe side effects of current OS chemotherapy, the identification of anti-metastatic drugs with reduced toxicity is of great interest. Chalcones are polyphenols with a basic structure consisting of an α-, β-unsaturated carbonyl system linking two aryl rings. These compounds exhibit anticancer activity against a variety of tumor cell lines through multiple mechanisms, including the regulation of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 and its target genes. An important process regulated by p53 is epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which facilitates tumor metastasis by conferring migratory and invasive properties to cancer cells. The activation of p53 can revert EMT and reduce migration and invasion. This study aimed to examine the inhibitory effects of two 4′-aminochalcones on the migration/invasion of the U2OS (p53+/+) and SAOS-2 (p53−/−) OS cell lines as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay. Transwell assays were used to evaluate the migratory and invasive ability of the cells. The two 4′-aminochalcones showed low capacity to inhibit the viability of OS cells independent of p53 status, but preferentially suppressed the migration of U2OS cells and of a SAOS-2 cell line expressing p53. Invasion was strongly inhibited by both chalcones independent of p53 status. RT-PCR, zymography, and Western blot were used to study the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and EMT markers after treatment with the chalcones. The results indicated that the 4′-aminochalcone-induced antimigratory and anti-invasive effects are potentially associated with the inhibition of extracellular matrix (ECM) enzymatic degradation in OS cells and with the modulation of EMT genes. These effects probably result from the induced increase of p53 protein expression by the two chalcones. In conclusion, chalcones D14 and D15 have potential anti-metastatic activity mediated by p53 that can be exploited for OS treatment.
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Wang Z, Wang Z, Liu J, Yang H. Long non-coding RNA SNHG5 sponges miR-26a to promote the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma by targeting ROCK1. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:598-605. [PMID: 30114643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common invasive malignancies of the bone. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG5 (small nucleolar RNA host gene 5) has been consistently shown to be involved in many cancers, although its precise function in osteosarcoma remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of SNHG5 in OS progression and the underlying mechanism. METHODS SNHG5 expression in 32 OS tissues and 4 OS cell lines was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Migration, invasion, proliferation and cell cycle profiles were analyzed by established assays to determine the biological functions of SNHG5 and miR-26a in OS cells. The binding sites of miR-26a in SNHG5 and ROCK1 were predicted by the RNAhybrid 2.2 program. Luciferase reporter assay was then used to validate the direct targeting of SNHG5 with miR-26a and of Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) with miR-26a. The effect of SNHG5 on the ROCK signaling pathway was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS Elevated expression of SNHG5 was correlated with poor clinical outcome and prognosis in OS patients. SNHG5 functioned as a sponge for miR-26a and promoted proliferation, invasion and migration, and accelerated G1 to S phase transition in OS cells. SNHG5 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-26a and activated the ROCK signaling pathway through the miR-26a-ROCK1 axis. CONCLUSION SNHG5 acts as an oncogene in OS via the SNHG5-miR-26a-ROCK1 axis and is therefore a potential novel therapeutic target for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhimeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
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Guan H, Mei Y, Mi Y, Li C, Sun X, Zhao X, Liu J, Cao W, Li Y, Wang Y. Downregulation of lncRNA ANRIL suppresses growth and metastasis in human osteosarcoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4893-4899. [PMID: 30147340 PMCID: PMC6098425 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s170293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to research the potential function of lncRNA ANRIL in osteosarcoma (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR, cell counting kit-8, wound healing assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometric analysis, caspase activity analysis, and Western blot were carried out. RESULTS ANRIL was remarkably upregulated in human OS tissues and cells, and knockdown of ANRIL significantly suppressed MG63 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, our mechanistic research findings verified that ANRIL-influenced growth and apoptosis may be partly through regulation of caspase-3 and Bcl-2. Migration and invasion were influenced via ANRIL-mediated regulation of MTA1, TIMP-2, and E-cadherin. CONCLUSION Our finding demonstrates that ANRIL plays vital roles in OS growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongya Guan
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingwu Mei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China,
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jia Liu
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebai Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yisheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
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