1
|
Zhang Z, Gao J, Wang J, Mi Z, Li H, Dai Z, Pan Y, Dong J, Chen S, Lu S, Tan X, Chen H. Mechanism of Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi decoction to treat atherosclerosis: Insights into experiments, network pharmacology and molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118466. [PMID: 38885915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Decoction (ZSXBGZD) is a traditional herbal manuscript used to treat cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The decoction has demonstrated its capability to protect arteries and resist atherosclerosis. Its mechanisms for anti-atherosclerosis effect, nevertheless, remain unknown. AIMS OF THE STUDY The goal of the present study is to explore the effectiveness of ZSXBGZD acting on atherosclerosis and its key components based on experimental verification and network pharmacology analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and databases were used to identify chemical components in ZSXBGZD. Network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking were implemented in order to reveal the possible therapeutic targets of ZSXBGZD. To form the model of atherosclerosis, we gave Apolipoprotein E knocked out mice a high-fat diet. H&E staining was performed to observe the effects of ZSXBGZD on atherosclerosis. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to investigate whether ZSXBGZD could affect autophagy, apoptosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and other related mechanisms. RESULTS In total, 30 core compounds were screened through intersecting UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and the databases. The anti-atherosclerotic effect of ZSXBGZD might relate to the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway via network pharmacology analysis. ZSXBGZD could inhibit apoptosis, activate autophagy and ease inflammation by modifying AGE-RAGE signaling pathway to reduce the area of atherosclerotic plaque. CONCLUSION ZSXBGZD could treat atherosclerosis by regulating autophagy and apoptosis via adjusting the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Zhang
- Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Jin Gao
- School of Acupuncture and Massage, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junpeng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zishuo Mi
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhicen Dai
- School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yujing Pan
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jiming Dong
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu Lu
- Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Acupuncture and Massage, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen R, Zou J, Zhong X, Li J, Kang R, Tang D. HMGB1 in the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 581:216494. [PMID: 38007142 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Lysosome-mediated autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis are dynamic processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, ensuring cell health and functionality. The intricate interplay and reciprocal regulation between autophagy and apoptosis are implicated in various human diseases, including cancer. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone chromosomal protein, plays a pivotal role in coordinating autophagy and apoptosis levels during tumor initiation, progression, and therapy. The regulation of autophagy machinery and the apoptosis pathway by HMGB1 is influenced by various factors, including the protein's subcellular localization, oxidative state, and interactions with binding partners. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of HMGB1, with a specific focus on the interplay between autophagic degradation and apoptotic death in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the significance of HMGB1 as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target in tumor diseases is crucial for advancing our knowledge of cell survival and cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Ju Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wen J, Yin P, Su Y, Gao F, Wu Y, Zhang W, Chi P, Chen J, Zhang X. Knockdown of HMGB1 inhibits the crosstalk between oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110259. [PMID: 37141670 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), play distinctly different roles in different tumors. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone protein in the nucleus, can perform functions during inflammation and cancers. However, the role of HMGB1 in the crosstalk between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and TAMs remains unclear. Here, we established a coculture system of TAMs and OSCC cells to explore the bidirectional effect and potential mechanism of HMGB1 in OSCC cell-TAM interactions. Our results showed that HMGB1 was significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues and positively associated with tumor progression, immune cell infiltration and macrophage polarization. Then, knocking down HMGB1 in OSCC cells inhibited the recruitment and polarization of cocultured TAMs. Moreover, the knockdown of HMGB1 in macrophages not only suppressed polarization, but also inhibited cocultured OSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, macrophages secreted higher levels of HMGB1 than OSCC cells, and dampening endogenous HMGB1 reduced HMGB1 secretion. Both OSCC cell-generated and macrophage-endogenous HMGB1 may regulate TAM polarization by promoting receptor TLR4 expression and NF-κB/p65 activation and enhancing IL-10/TGF-β expression. HMGB1 in OSCC cells may regulate macrophage recruitment via IL-6/STAT3. In addition, TAM-derived HMGB1 may affect aggressive phenotypes of cocultured OSCC cells by regulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment through the IL-6/STAT3/PD-L1 and IL-6/NF-κB/MMP-9 pathways. In conclusion, HMGB1 may regulate the crosstalk between OSCC cells and TAMs, including modulating macrophage polarization and attraction, enhancing cytokine secretion, and remodeling and creating an immunosuppressive TME to further affect OSCC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Wen
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Panpan Yin
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ying Su
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Peng Chi
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guan H, Zhong M, Ma K, Tang C, Wang X, Ouyang M, Qin R, Chen J, Zhu E, Zhu T, Lu Y, Liu Y, Tian C, Zheng Z. The Comprehensive Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Protein in Different Tumors: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:617-637. [PMID: 36820147 PMCID: PMC9938709 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s386898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HMGB1 is a highly conserved nuclear protein widely expressed in mammalian cells. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the roles and mechanisms of HMGB1 in different tumors. Methods Original data on HMGB1 expression, localization, potential interacting proteins, genetics were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, Human Protein Atlas, Compartmentalized Protein-Protein Interaction and cBioPortal databases. Then, correlation between HMGB1 expression levels and tumor stage, prognosis, potential pathways, tumor microenvironment, ESTIMATE score, immune-related genes, immune cell infiltration, microsatellite instability, tumor mutation burden, or anti-tumor drug resistance was investigated. The above results consistently indicated that high expression of HMGB1 protein may be related to clinical prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, clinical tissues of HCC patients were selected to verify the differential expression of HMGB1 protein in HCC. The sensitivity of HMGB1-siRNA transfected HepG2 cells to sorafenib was assessed. Results HMGB1 was found to be differentially expressed in many tumors and normal tissues. HMGB1 was mainly located in the nucleus and might interact with proteins such as TLR2 and TLR4. Furthermore, HMGB1 expression was closely related to tumor stage, prognosis, tumor microenvironment, immune-related genes, immune cell infiltration, microsatellite instability, tumor mutation burden, and anti-tumor drug resistance and might be involved in different pathways of various tumors. Immunohistochemistry results further verified the differential expression of HMGB1 in HCC and paracancerous tissues. HMGB1-siRNA transfected HepG2 cells had a tendency to be more insensitive to sorafenib treatment compared to the control group. Conclusions HMGB1 was differentially expressed in most tumors and normal tissues, and was closely related to the clinical stage, prognosis, immune infiltration, tumor microenvironment, and drug resistance of tumors. Therefore, HMGB1 may serve as a novel biomarker for predicting tumor prognosis, efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and a potential target for anti-tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kongyang Ma
- Centre of Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muzi Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rencai Qin
- Centre of Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiasi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enyi Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongping Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengzi Tian
- Center of Reproductive Medical, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Zhihua Zheng, Email
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kang Z, Yang J. Construction and validation of an autophagy-related long non-coding RNA signature to predict the prognosis of kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1536-1544. [PMID: 35725019 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2022-002379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To identify the autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (ARlncRNAs) associated with the prognosis of kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), thereby establishing a clinical prognostic model. The gene expression matrix and clinical survival information of patients with KIRP were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and were divided into the training and testing groups. ARlncRNAs associated with the KIRP prognosis were analyzed by univariate, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO(, and multivariate Cox regression to construct a signature. We combined clinical factors associated with the prognosis with ARlncRNAs to establish a prognostic model of patients with KIRP. A nomogram was established to predict 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival of patients with KIRP. Besides, we built the lncRNA-messenger RNA co-expression network and used Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to detect the biological functions of ARlncRNAs. LEF1-AS1, CU634019.6, C2orf48, AC027228.2, and AC107464.3 were identified. A prognosis-related ARlncRNAs signature was constructed in the training group and validated in the testing group. Patients with KIRP with a low risk score had significantly longer survival time than those with a high risk score. The risk score significantly affected the prognosis of patients, thereby being used for modeling. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival were 0.80, 0.78, and 0.84 in the training group, respectively. The signature had high concordance index and good accuracy in predicting the prognosis, which were confirmed by the nomogram. The prognosis-related ARlncRNAs signature we identified had a more accurate prediction for the prognosis of patients with KIRP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Kang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,College of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China .,College of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hirschi-Budge KM, Tsai KYF, Curtis KL, Davis GS, Theurer BK, Kruyer AMM, Homer KW, Chang A, Van Ry PM, Arroyo JA, Reynolds PR. RAGE signaling during tobacco smoke-induced lung inflammation and potential therapeutic utility of SAGEs. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:160. [PMID: 35473605 PMCID: PMC9044720 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoke exposure culminates as a progressive lung complication involving airway inflammation and remodeling. While primary smoke poses the greatest risk, nearly half of the US population is also at risk due to exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). METHODS We used WT, RAGE-/- (KO), and Tet-inducible lung-specific RAGE overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice to study the role of RAGE during short-term responses to SHS. We evaluated SHS effects in mice with and without semi-synthetic glycosaminoglycan ethers (SAGEs), which are anionic, partially lipophilic sulfated polysaccharide derivatives known to inhibit RAGE signaling. TG Mice were weaned and fed doxycycline to induce RAGE at postnatal day (PN) 30. At PN40, mice from each line were exposed to room air (RA) or SHS from three Kentucky 3R4F research cigarettes via a nose-only delivery system (Scireq Scientific, Montreal, Canada) five days a week and i.p. injections of PBS or SAGE (30 mg/kg body weight) occurred three times per week from PN40-70 before mice were sacrificed on PN70. RESULTS RAGE mRNA and protein expression was elevated following SHS exposure of control and TG mice and not detected in RAGE KO mice. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis revealed RAGE-mediated influence on inflammatory cell diapedesis, total protein, and pro-inflammatory mediators following exposure. Lung histological assessment revealed indistinguishable morphology following exposure, yet parenchymal apoptosis was increased. Inflammatory signaling intermediates such as Ras and NF-κB, as well as downstream responses were influenced by the availability of RAGE, as evidenced by RAGE KO and SAGE treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data provide fascinating insight suggesting therapeutic potential for the use of RAGE inhibitors in lungs exposed to SHS smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Hirschi-Budge
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Kary Y F Tsai
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Katrina L Curtis
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Gregg S Davis
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Benjamin K Theurer
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Anica M M Kruyer
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Kyle W Homer
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Ashley Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Juan A Arroyo
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Lung and Placenta Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lactotransferrin Downregulation Serves as a Potential Predictor for the Therapeutic Effectiveness of mTOR Inhibitors in the Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma without PTEN Mutation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121896. [PMID: 34944711 PMCID: PMC8698394 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients develop metastatic spread at the first diagnosis. Therefore, identifying a useful biomarker to predict ccRCC metastasis or therapeutic effectiveness in ccRCC patients is urgently needed. Previously, we demonstrated that lactotransferrin (LTF) downregulation enhanced the metastatic potential of ccRCC. Here, we show that LTF expression conversely associates with the mTORC1 activity as simulated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Moreover, Western blot analyses revealed that the LTF knockdown promoted, but the inclusion of recombinant human LTF protein suppressed, the phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR proteins in the detected ccRCC cells. Kaplan–Meier analyses demonstrated that the signature of combining an upregulated mTORC1 activity with a downregulated LTF expression referred to a worse overall and progression-free survival probabilities and associated with distant cancer metastasis in TCGA ccRCC patients. Furthermore, we found that the LTF-suppressed Akt/mTOR activation triggered an increased formation of autophagy in the highly metastatic ccRCC cells. The addition of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyadenine restored the LTF-suppressed cellular migration ability of highly metastatic ccRCC cells. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed that the expression of the LTF and MTORC1 gene set, not the autophagy gene set, could be the useful biomarkers to predict 5-year overall survival rate and cancer progression in ccRCC patients. Significantly, the signature of combining mTORC1 upregulation and LTF downregulation was shown as an independent prognostic factor in a multivariate analysis under the progression-free survival condition using the TCGA ccRCC database. Finally, the treatment with mTOR inhibitor rapamycin predominantly reduced the formation of autophagy and ultimately mitigated the cellular migration ability of ccRCC cells with LTF knockdown. Our findings suggest that LTF downregulation is a biomarker for guiding the use of mTOR inhibitors to combat metastatic ccRCC in the clinic.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nam HK, Jeong SR, Pyo MC, Ha SK, Nam MH, Lee KW. Methylglyoxal-Derived Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE4) Promote Cell Proliferation and Survival in Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells through the RAGE/Akt/ERK Signaling Pathways. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1697-1706. [PMID: 34719646 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the products formed through a non-enzymatic reaction of reducing sugars with proteins or lipids. There is a potential for toxicity in the case of AGEs produced through glycation with dicarbonyl compounds including methylglyoxal, glyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone. The AGEs bind the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and stimulate the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway that can increase the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, AGE-induced protein kinase B (Akt) signaling can promote cancer cell proliferation and contribute to many diseases such as kidney cancer. In light of the lack of extensive study of the relationship between methylglyoxal-induced AGEs (AGE4) and renal cancer, we studied the proliferous and anti-apoptotic effects of AGE4 on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in this study. AGE4 treatment was involved in the proliferation and migration of RCC cells in vitro by upregulating proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and MMPs while suppressing apoptotic markers such as Bax and caspase 3. Moreover, Akt and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were phosphorylated in RCC cells with AGE4 treatment. As a result, this study demonstrated that AGE4-RAGE axis can promote the growth ability of RCC by inducing PCNA, MMPs, and inhibiting apoptosis in RCC via the Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Kyul Nam
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University
| | - So-Ra Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University
| | - Min Cheol Pyo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University
| | - Sang-Keun Ha
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Mi-Hyun Nam
- Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado
| | - Kwang-Won Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ren L, Lou Y, Sun M. The anti-tumor effects of evodiamine on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through regulating advanced glycation end products (AGE) / receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5985-5995. [PMID: 34477479 PMCID: PMC8806666 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1972082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) is emerging as a novel anti-tumor drug, which is involved in the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis. High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1)/RAGE is involved in invasive behavior of OSCC cells and angiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the potential of EVO in OSCC in vitro and in vivo. We found that RAGE silencing suppressed HSC-4 cell proliferation and invasion, and tube formation of HUVEC. EVO showed marked inhibitory effects on the malignant behaviors of HSC-4 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further experiments revealed that the RAGE overexpression was able to markedly block the effects of EVO on cell proliferation and invasion, and tube formation. By analyzing the expression of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) and RAGE in HSC-4 cells, the result showed that EVO slightly reduced HMBG1 levels and dramatically decreased RAGE levels, while RAGE overexpression did have no marked influences on HMBG1 levels. The anti-tumor effects of EVO were further confirmed in mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma xenograft models. Remarkable anti-tumor effects of EVO were also demonstrated, as presented by reduced tumor size and levels of HMBG1 and RAGE in tumor tissue of mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma xenograft models. The results demonstrated that EVO has a direct binding effect on HMGB1, but it may be involved in degrading the protein. More importantly, it can reduce the activity of RAGE pathway by affecting the binding between HMBG1 and RAGE. To conclude, EVO inhibited proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of OSCC through affecting the downstream signal transduction system of AGE/RAGE by targeting RAGE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang Ren
- Department of Stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Lou
- Department of Stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu M, Shan M, Zhang Y, Guo Z. Progranulin Protects Against Airway Remodeling Through the Modulation of Autophagy via HMGB1 Suppression in House Dust Mite-Induced Chronic Asthma. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3891-3904. [PMID: 34408470 PMCID: PMC8367219 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s322724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Airway remodeling is an important feature of chronic asthma, and yet there are few effective therapeutic strategies. Progranulin (PGRN) has been shown to have lung protective functions, but the role of PGRN in asthmatic airway remodeling is unclear. We aim to explore the protective potential of PGRN on house dust mite (HDM)-induced airway remodeling and the underlying mechanisms. Methods In this study, a murine model of chronic asthma was established by HDM sensitization and challenge. Recombinant PGRN was intranasally administrated to mice during the phase of HDM challenge. TGF-β1-treated human airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells were utilized to explore the effect of PGRN on airway epithelia exposed to profibrotic conditions and molecular mechanisms. Results We found that PGRN treatment attenuated HDM-induced airway remodeling, as evidenced by the suppression of collagen accumulation, mucus overproduction and airway smooth muscle synthesis in HDM-challenged asthmatic mice lungs. Meanwhile, PGRN also reversed the increased levels of autophagy markers and autophagosomes in airway epithelia under mimic asthmatic conditions, thereby controlling the fibrotic process in vivo and in vitro. Specifically, overexpressed HMGB1 and the subsequent RAGE/MAPKs signaling activation due to HDM exposure were abrogated in PGRN-treated asthmatic mice. Furthermore, knockdown of HMGB1 expression significantly restrained the fibrosis formation in TGF-β1-induced airway epithelia accompanied by the downregulation of autophagic activity. However, enhancement of extracellular HMGB1 levels blunted the inhibition of autophagic flux by PGRN in airway epithelia, thereby resulting in the augmentation of collagen synthesis and fibrosis. Conclusion Taken together, our data revealed that PGRN protected against asthmatic airway remodeling by negatively regulating autophagy via HMGB1 suppression, which might provide new insights into the therapeutic options for HDM-induced chronic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meixuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtian Shan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200123, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh N. Role of mammalian long non-coding RNAs in normal and neuro oncological disorders. Genomics 2021; 113:3250-3273. [PMID: 34302945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed at lower levels than protein-coding genes but have a crucial role in gene regulation. LncRNA is distinct, they are being transcribed using RNA polymerase II, and their functionality depends on subcellular localization. Depending on their niche, they specifically interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins and modify chromatin function, regulate transcription at various stages, forms nuclear condensation bodies and nucleolar organization. lncRNAs may also change the stability and translation of cytoplasmic mRNAs and hamper signaling pathways. Thus, lncRNAs affect the physio-pathological states and lead to the development of various disorders, immune responses, and cancer. To date, ~40% of lncRNAs have been reported in the nervous system (NS) and are involved in the early development/differentiation of the NS to synaptogenesis. LncRNA expression patterns in the most common adult and pediatric tumor suggest them as potential biomarkers and provide a rationale for targeting them pharmaceutically. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of lncRNA synthesis, localization, and functions in transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and other forms of gene regulation, methods of lncRNA identification, and their potential therapeutic applications in neuro oncological disorders as explained by molecular mechanisms in other malignant disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Centre for Advance Research, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 003, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
du Plessis M, Davis T, Loos B, Pretorius E, de Villiers WJS, Engelbrecht AM. Molecular regulation of autophagy in a pro-inflammatory tumour microenvironment: New insight into the role of serum amyloid A. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 59:71-83. [PMID: 33727011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation, systemic or local, plays a vital role in tumour progression and metastasis. Dysregulation of key physiological processes such as autophagy elicit unfavourable immune responses to induce chronic inflammation. Cytokines, growth factors and acute phase proteins present in the tumour microenvironment regulate inflammatory responses and alter crosstalk between various signalling pathways involved in the progression of cancer. Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a key acute phase protein secreted by the liver during the acute phase response (APR) following infection or injury. However, cancer and cancer-associated cells produce SAA, which when present in high levels in the tumour microenvironment contributes to cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. SAA can activate several signalling pathways such as the PI3K and MAPK pathways, which are also known modulators of the intracellular degradation process, autophagy. Autophagy can be regarded as having a double edged sword effect in cancer. Its dysregulation can induce malignant transformation through metabolic stress which manifests as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and DNA damage. On the other hand, autophagy can promote cancer survival during metabolic stress, hypoxia and senescence. Autophagy has been utilised to promote the efficiency of chemotherapeutic agents and can either be inhibited or induced to improve treatment outcomes. This review aims to address the known mechanisms that regulate autophagy as well as illustrating the role of SAA in modulating these pathways and its clinical implications for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M du Plessis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - T Davis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - B Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - E Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - W J S de Villiers
- African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, South Africa
| | - A M Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Al-Attar R, Storey KB. RAGE against the stress: Mitochondrial suppression in hypometabolic hearts. Gene 2020; 761:145039. [PMID: 32777527 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) can tolerate full body freezing in winter. As a protective response, wood frogs dehydrate their cells and accumulate large quantities of glucose as an intracellular cryoprotectant. Freezing causes ischemia since blood delivery to organs is interrupted. Fascinatingly, wood frogs can tolerate dehydration, extreme hyperglycemia, and anoxia independently of freezing. In response to low oxygen levels, wood frogs strategically reduce their metabolic rates and allocate the finite amount of intracellular fuel available to pro-survival processes while reducing or interrupting all others. In this study, the involvement of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in activating RAGE (AGE receptor) were investigated. The results show that freezing, anoxia and dehydration induced the expression of total HMGB1 and its acetylation in the heart. RAGE levels were induced in response to all stress conditions, which resulted in differential regulation of the ETS1 transcription factor. While the nuclear localization of total ETS1 was not affected, the DNA binding activity of total and its active form increased in response to freezing and dehydration but not in response to anoxia. Current results indicate that ETS1 acts as a transcriptional activator for peroxiredoxin 1 in response to freezing but acts as a transcriptional repressor of several nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes in response to all stresses. Altogether, current results show that the HMGB1/RAGE axis may activate ETS1 and that this activation could result in both transcriptional activation and/or repression in a stress-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Al-Attar
- Institude of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S-5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institude of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S-5B6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fukuoka CY, Vicari HP, Sipert CR, Bhawal UK, Abiko Y, Arana-Chavez VE, Simões A. Early effect of laser irradiation in signaling pathways of diabetic rat submandibular salivary glands. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236727. [PMID: 32750068 PMCID: PMC7402516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) is clinically used to modulate inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, its molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study aimed to describe the effects of LPLI upon inflammatory, apoptotic and proliferation markers in submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) in an experimental model of chronic disorder, 24h after one time irradiation. Diabetes was induced in rats by the injection of streptozotocin. After 29 days, these animals were treated with LPLI in the SMG area, and euthanized 24h after this irradiation. Treatment with LPLI significantly decreased diabetes-induced high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression, while enhancing the activation of the transcriptional factor cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein. LPLI also reduced the expression of bax, a mitochondrial apoptotic marker, favoring the cell survival. These findings suggest that LPLI can hamper the state of chronic inflammation and favor homeostasis in diabetic rats SMGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Yuki Fukuoka
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Passos Vicari
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Renata Sipert
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Abiko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alyne Simões
- Laboratory of Oral Biology, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nebbioso M, Lambiase A, Armentano M, Tucciarone G, Bonfiglio V, Plateroti R, Alisi L. The Complex Relationship between Diabetic Retinopathy and High-Mobility Group Box: A Review of Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080666. [PMID: 32722545 PMCID: PMC7464385 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a protein that is part of a larger family of non-histone nuclear proteins. HMGB1 is a ubiquitary protein with different isoforms, linked to numerous physiological and pathological pathways. HMGB1 is involved in cytokine and chemokine release, leukocyte activation and migration, tumorigenesis, neoangiogenesis, and the activation of several inflammatory pathways. HMGB1 is, in fact, responsible for the trigger, among others, of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is rapidly growing in number. DR is an inflammatory disease caused by hyperglycemia, which determines the accumulation of oxidative stress and cell damage, which ultimately leads to hypoxia and neovascularization. Recent evidence has shown that hyperglycemia is responsible for the hyperexpression of HMGB1. This protein activates numerous pathways that cause the development of DR, and HMGB1 levels are constantly increased in diabetic retinas in both proliferative and non-proliferative stages of the disease. Several molecules, such as glycyrrhizin (GA), have proven effective in reducing diabetic damage to the retina through the inhibition of HMGB1. The main focus of this review is the growing amount of evidence linking HMGB1 and DR as well as the new therapeutic strategies involving this protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nebbioso
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, p. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.N.); (M.A.); (G.T.); (R.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Alessandro Lambiase
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, p. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.N.); (M.A.); (G.T.); (R.P.); (L.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-4997-5357; Fax: +39-06-4997-5425
| | - Marta Armentano
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, p. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.N.); (M.A.); (G.T.); (R.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Giosuè Tucciarone
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, p. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.N.); (M.A.); (G.T.); (R.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Vincenza Bonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 76, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rocco Plateroti
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, p. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.N.); (M.A.); (G.T.); (R.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Ludovico Alisi
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, p. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.N.); (M.A.); (G.T.); (R.P.); (L.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liao Y, Liu S, Fu S, Wu J. HMGB1 in Radiotherapy: A Two Headed Signal Regulating Tumor Radiosensitivity and Immunity. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6859-6871. [PMID: 32764978 PMCID: PMC7369309 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay of cancer treatment. Recent studies have shown that RT not only directly induces cell death but also has late and sustained immune effects. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein released during RT, with location-dependent functions. It is essential for normal cellular function but also regulates the proliferation and migration of tumor cells by binding to high-affinity receptors. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on the functions of HMGB1 in RT according to the position, intracellular HMGB1 and extracellular HMGB1. Intracellular HMGB1 induces radiation tolerance in tumor cells by promoting DNA damage repair and autophagy. Extracellular HMGB1 plays a more intricate role in radiation-related immune responses, wherein it not only stimulates the anti-tumor immune response by facilitating the recognition of dying tumor cells but is also involved in maintaining immunosuppression. Factors that potentially affect the role of HMGB1 in RT-induced cytotoxicity have also been discussed in the context of possible therapeutic applications, which helps to develop effective and targeted radio-sensitization therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Russell KL, Gorgulho CM, Allen A, Vakaki M, Wang Y, Facciabene A, Lee D, Roy P, Buchser WJ, Appleman LJ, Maranchie J, Storkus WJ, Lotze MT. Inhibiting Autophagy in Renal Cell Cancer and the Associated Tumor Endothelium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25:165-177. [PMID: 31135523 PMCID: PMC10395074 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The clear cell subtype of kidney cancer encompasses most renal cell carcinoma cases and is associated with the loss of von Hippel-Lindau gene function or expression. Subsequent loss or mutation of the other allele influences cellular stress responses involving nutrient and hypoxia sensing. Autophagy is an important regulatory process promoting the disposal of unnecessary or degraded cellular components, tightly linked to almost all cellular processes. Organelles and proteins that become damaged or that are no longer needed in the cell are sequestered and digested in autophagosomes upon fusing with lysosomes, or alternatively, released via vesicular exocytosis. Tumor development tends to disrupt the regulation of the balance between this process and apoptosis, permitting prolonged cell survival and increased replication. Completed trials of autophagic inhibitors using hydroxychloroquine in combination with other anticancer agents including rapalogues and high-dose interleukin 2 have now been reported. The complex nature of autophagy and the unique biology of clear cell renal cell carcinoma warrant further understanding to better develop the next generation of relevant anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abigail Allen
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Andrea Facciabene
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Partha Roy
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alzokaky AAM, Abdelkader EM, El-Dessouki AM, Khaleel SA, Raslan NA. C-phycocyanin protects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats: Role of HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB pathway. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:265-277. [PMID: 32306544 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a widespread inflammatory disease with high socio-economic burden. C-phycocyanin is one of the active constituents of Spirulina microalgae, and although it is well known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its protective effects against gastric ulcer have not yet been identified. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that, once secreted extracellularly, initiates several inflammatory reactions, and it is involved in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic effects of C-phycocyanin against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer targeting HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB pathway. Ulcer induction showed increase in HMGB1 expression through activation of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and nuclear factor kappa p65 (NF-κB p65). Moreover, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were elevated in the ulcer-treated group compared to the normal control group. However, pre-treatment with C-phycocyanin significantly reduced HMGB1 expression via suppression of NLRP3/NF-κB, oxidative markers, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and ulcer index value. These results were consistent with histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination. Thus, C-phycocyanin is a potential therapeutic strategy with anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic effects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Mageed Alzokaky
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Girls), Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmacology and biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eman M Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology & biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science &Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Dessouki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Khaleel
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Girls), Cairo, Egypt.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nahed A Raslan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Girls), Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Emergency, AL-Ghad International College for applied medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li R, Song Y, Zhou L, Li W, Zhu X. Downregulation of RAGE Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis via Regulation of PI3K/AKT Pathway in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2385-2397. [PMID: 32256089 PMCID: PMC7093096 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s240378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) expression has been reported to be implicated with cancer development. In this study, the role of RAGE in the regulation of cervical squamous cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and the mechanism of RAGE involved in the biological behaviors were explored. Methods The RAGE expression was overexpressed or downregulated by lentivirus transfection. The effect of RAGE expression on cell proliferation was explored by CCK-8, MTT, and BrdU assay, and the effect of RAGE on tumor development was confirmed by the xenograft mouse model along with the immunohistochemistry stain of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. Western blotting was performed to investigate the expression of possible proteins, including Bax, Bcl-2, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT. Results Overexpression of RAGE promoted proliferation of cervical squamous cancer cell and increased PCNA expression. In the meantime, RAGE overexpression inhibited cell apoptosis along with a decrease of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and induction of PI3K/AKT activation. The in vivo results showed that overexpression of RAGE enhanced tumor growth. Conversely, knockdown of RAGE exhibited opposed effects on cervical cancer cells and xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1 effectively inhibited SiHa cell viability and PCNA expression, and increased cell apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, PI3K inhibitor LY294002 effectively inhibited activation of PI3K and AKT, and further repressed RAGE overexpression-induced cell proliferation and apoptosis inhibition. Conclusion RAGE promotes the growth ability of cervical squamous cell carcinoma by inducing PCNA expression and inhibiting cell apoptosis via inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizuo Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liang WJ, Yang HW, Liu HN, Qian W, Chen XL. HMGB1 upregulates NF-kB by inhibiting IKB-α and associates with diabetic retinopathy. Life Sci 2019; 241:117146. [PMID: 31816325 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main cause of blindness in adults and investigating new therapeutic targets for DR is necessary. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and its mechanism in diabetic retinopathy (DR) were investigated. MAIN METHODS Human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) were uesd for chip-seq. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, HMGB1 group, diabetes mellitus (DM) combined with HMGB1 siRNA group, and DM group. Next, eyeballs were removed and retinas were detached for western blot. The DM model of cell was built by increasing the glucose concentration in cell culture medium. The regulation of HMGB1 was achieved by short hairpin (sh)-HMGB1 transfection, then, the transfected cells were harvested for luciferase assay, western blot and qRT-PCR analyses as well as proliferation and apoptosis detection. KEY FINDINGS Chip-seq and luciferase assay showed the possible transcription factor functions of HMGB1 and IKB-α was one of the HMGB1 binding sites. In vivo and in vitro results indicated high expression of HMGB1 and NF-kB and low expression of IKB-α in DR and the expression of IKB-α and NF-kB was regulated by HMGB1. Moreover, cell assays showed that HMGB1 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE The results from the present study showed that HMGB1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR as a transcription factor through NF-kB pathway. Therefore, blockade of HMGB1 may be a new method for the treatment of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Shenyang, Liaoning Zip, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Shenyang, Liaoning Zip, China.
| | - He-Nan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Shenyang, Liaoning Zip, China.
| | - Wei Qian
- Medical Imaging Informatics Laboratory College of Engineering, University of Texas, El Paso 500 West University Avenue El Paso, TX 79968, United States of America.
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District Shenyang, Liaoning Zip, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fan M, Wang K, Wei X, Yao H, Chen Z, He X. Upregulated expression of eIF3C is associated with malignant behavior in renal cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1385-1395. [PMID: 31638200 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 3c (eIF3C) is involved in the initiation of protein translation. Aberrant eIF3C expression has been reported in different types of human cancer. The present study aimed to assess the role of eIF3C in the malignant behavior of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. eIF3C expression was assessed in 16 pairs of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and matched distant normal tissues, and in RCC cell lines using immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, eIF3C was depleted using lentiviral short hairpin RNA and cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of these eIF3C‑depleted cells were examined. Additionally, tumor cell xenograft assays in nude mice, Affymetrix microarrays and ingenuity pathway analyses were performed. eIF3C expression was upregulated in RCC tissues and cell lines. Depletion of eIF3C reduced tumor cell proliferation and arrested them at the G1 stage, thus promoting their apoptosis in vitro. Depletion of eIF3C also inhibited the formation and growth of tumor cell xenografts in nude mice. In addition, depletion of eIF3C altered the expression levels of 994 differentially expressed genes in RCC cells (516 genes were upregulated and 478 genes were downregulated). The expression levels of phosphorylated‑AKT, c‑JUN and NFKB inhibitor α were lower in the shorth hairpin RNA eIF3C‑transfected RCC cells compared with in the control group. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that upregulated eIF3C expression contributed to the development and progression of RCC. Future studies should further evaluate whether eIF3C could be used as a potential strategy for RCC targeting therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Fan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhong B, Qin Z, Zhou H, Yang F, Wei K, Jiang X, Jia R. microRNA-505 negatively regulates HMGB1 to suppress cell proliferation in renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15025-15034. [PMID: 30644098 PMCID: PMC6590343 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs have been recognized to regulate a wide range of biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although miR-505 has been reported to play as a suppressor in several human tumors, the physiological function of miR-505 in RCC still remain unknown. Therefore, the role of miR-505 and relevant regulatory mechanisms were investigated in RCC in this study. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to detect the expression of miR-505 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in both RCC tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the correlation between HMGB1 expression and PCNA expression in RCC tissues. Subsequently, the effects of miR-505 on proliferation were determined in vitro using cell counting kit-8 proliferation assays and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. The molecular mechanism underlying the relevance between miR-505 and HMGB1 was confirmed by luciferase assay. Xenograft tumor formation was used to reflect the proliferative capacity of miR-505 in vivo experiments. Overall, a relatively lower miR-505 and higher HMGB1 expression in RCC specimens and cell lines were found. HMGB1 was verified as a direct target of miR-505 by luciferase assay. In vitro, overexpression of miR-505 negatively regulates HMGB1 to suppress the proliferation in Caki-1; meanwhile, knock-down of miR-505 negatively regulates HMGB1 to promote the proliferation in 769P. In addition, in vivo overexpression of miR-505 could inhibit tumor cell proliferation in RCC by xenograft tumor formation. Therefore, miR-505, as a tumor suppressor, negatively regulated HMGB1 to suppress the proliferation in RCC, and might serve as a novel therapeutic target for RCC clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhong
- Department of UrologyNanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina,Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityHuai'anChina
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of UrologyNanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of UrologyHongze People's HospitalHuai'anChina
| | - Fengming Yang
- Department of OncologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ke Wei
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityHuai'anChina
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of UrologyNanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The implication of the crosstalk of Nrf2 with NOXs, and HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer: Potential protective effect is afforded by Raspberry Ketone. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220548. [PMID: 31404064 PMCID: PMC6690542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol consumption is one of the common causative agents implicated in gastric ulcer development. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the induction and development of gastric ulceration. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) are key players in ethanol-induced ulcers. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, mediates various inflammation functions. However, the role of HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer is not yet elucidated. Raspberry Ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, absolute ethanol (7.5 ml/kg) was used to induce gastric ulceration in rats. Raspberry Ketone (RK) (50 mg/kg) was given orally one hour before the administration of absolute ethanol. Interestingly, ethanol-induced gastric ulcer was associated with Nrf2 downregulation, which was correlated with NOX-1, 2 NOX-4, and HMGB1 upregulation, and was significantly reversed by RK pre-treatment. RK pre-treatment provided 80% gastroprotection. Gastroprotective properties of RK were mediated via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (suppression of NF-kB and tumor necrosis factor-α), and antiapoptotic activities (reduction of Bax/Bcl2 ratio). Gastroprotective properties of RK were confirmed by histopathological examination. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide evidence to the role of HMGB1 in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer, and the crosstalk of Nrf2, NOXs and HMGB1. It also demonstrates that RK represents a promising gastroprotective activity comparable to omeprazole.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang L, Yang X, Jiang G, Yu Y, Wu J, Su Y, Sun A, Zou Y, Jiang H, Ge J. HMGB1 enhances mechanical stress-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro via the RAGE/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:885-892. [PMID: 31524228 PMCID: PMC6657962 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy is associated with a complex spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms, including the inflammation response. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is not only increased in myocardium under pressure overload, but also exacerbates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. In the present study, cultured cardiomyocytes were stimulated by mechanical stress and/or HMGB1 for various durations to examine the role of HMGB1 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and to detect the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and the activation status of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3. The results indicated that HMGB1 aggravated mechanical stress-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Furthermore, mechanical stress and HMGB1 stimulation activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), P38 and JAK2/STAT3 signaling in cardiomyocytes, but an additive effect of the combined stimuli was only observed on the activation of ERK1/2. In addition, mechanical stress caused a prompt upregulation of the expression of RAGE and TLR-4 in cardiomyocytes, while the activation of ERK1/2 by HMGB1 was inhibited by blockage of RAGE, but not by blockage of TLR-4. In summary, the present results indicated that extracellular HMGB1 enhanced mechanical stress-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro, at least partially via the RAGE/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yangang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang S, Du S, Lv Y, Zhang F, Wang W. MicroRNA-665 inhibits the oncogenicity of retinoblastoma by directly targeting high-mobility group box 1 and inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:3111-3123. [PMID: 31114354 PMCID: PMC6489654 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Previous studies have revealed that microRNA-665 (miR-665) is dysregulated in a variety of human cancers. However, little is known regarding its expression profiles and functions in retinoblastoma (RB). Therefore, the aims of our study were to evaluate miR-665 expression in RB and determine the precise roles of miR-665 in the progression of RB. Patients and methods: Herein, RT-qPCR was used to determine miR-665 expression levels in RB tissues and cell lines, and a series of functional experiments were performed to explore the influence of miR-665 on RB cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion as well as tumor growth. The molecular mechanisms underlying the tumor-suppressive action of miR-665 in RB were also explored. Results: We found that miR-665 was markedly reduced in RB tissues and cell lines and that lower miR-665 expression was strongly associated with tumor size, TNM stage, and differentiation in patients with RB. Exogenous expression of miR-665 suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis in RB cells, while silencing miR-665 expression had the opposite effects. In addition, upregulation of miR-665 decreased the tumor growth of RB cells in vivo. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was identified as a direct target of miR-665 in RB cells, and decreasing the expression of HMGB1 simulated the regulatory effects of miR-665 overexpression in RB cells, while knockdown of HMGB1 expression counteracted the miR-665-mediated antitumor effects in RB cells. Moreover, miR-665 was shown to regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting HMGB1 in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo results suggest that miR-665 acts as a tumor-suppressive miRNA in RB by directly targeting HMGB1 and inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Hence, this miRNA is a candidate prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with RB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|