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Han L, He J, Xie H, Gong Y, Xie C. Pan-cell death-related signature reveals tumor immune microenvironment and optimizes personalized therapy alternations in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15682. [PMID: 38977778 PMCID: PMC11231366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study constructed a comprehensive analysis of cell death modules in eliminating aberrant cells and remodeling tumor microenvironment (TME). Consensus analysis was performed in 490 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients based on 4 types of cell death prognostic genes. Intersection method divided these LUAD samples into 5 cell death risk (CDR) clusters, and COX regression analysis were used to construct the CDR signature (CDRSig) with risk scores. Significant differences of TME phenotypes, clinical factors, genome variations, radiosensitivity and immunotherapy sensitivity were observed in different CDR clusters. Patients with higher risk scores in the CDRSig tended to be immune-excluded or immune-desert, and those with lower risk scores were more sensitive to radiotherapy and immunotherapy. The results from mouse model showed that intense expression of the high-risk gene PFKP was associated with low CD8+ T cell infiltration upon radiotherapy and anti-PD-L1 treatment. Deficient assays in vitro confirmed that PFKP downregulation enhanced cGAS/STING pathway activation and radiosensitivity in LUAD cells. In conclusion, our studies originally performed a comprehensive cell death analysis, suggesting the importance of CDR patterns in reprogramming TME and providing novel clues for LUAD personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhi Han
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyi He
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxin Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Huang J, Xu Y, Qi S, Zheng Q, Cui C, Liu L, Liu F. The potent potential of MFAP2 in prognosis and immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:202. [PMID: 38822944 PMCID: PMC11144179 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Microfibril-associated protein 2 (MFAP2) is a protein presenting in the extracellular matrix that governs the activity of microfibrils through its interaction with fibrillin. While the involvement of MFAP2 in metabolic disorders has been documented, its expression and prognostic significance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remain unexplored. METHODS We acquired datasets pertaining to breast cancer (BC) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Next, a Venn diagram was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were used to perform Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), protein-protein interaction (PPI), immune and survival analysis. The expressions of MFAP2, PD-1 and PD-L1 were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot and their relationship with clinical pathological parameters were analyzed by clinical specimen samples from patients with TNBC. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER, https://cistrome.shinyapps.io/timer/ ) was adopted to calculate the immune infiltration level of TNBC. The link between gene expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB) was described using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS We identified 66 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were up-regulated. Among these DEGs, MFAP2 was found to be overexpressed in TNBC and was associated with a lower probability of survival. This finding was confirmed through the use of immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques. Additionally, MFAP2 was found to be related to various pathological parameters in TNBC patients. Mechanistically, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that MFAP2 primarily influenced cellular biological behavior in terms of epithelial mesenchymal transition, glycolysis, and apical junction. Notably, MFAP2 expression was positively correlated with the abundance of macrophages, while a negative correlation was observed with the abundance of B cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, neutrophils and dendritic cells through immune analysis. Furthermore, it was observed that MFAP2 displayed a negative correlation not only with tumor mutational burden (TMB), a recognized biomarker for PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy, but also with PD-L1 in samples of TNBC. CONCLUSION MFAP2 may be an important prognostic biomarker for TNBC, as well as a viable target for immunotherapy in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Shengnan Qi
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, 266121, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Zheng C, Chu Y, Zhang N, Jia T, Li Y, Jiang T, Sun J. Pan-Cancer Analysis of the LOX Family Reveals that LOX Affects Tumor Prognosis by Affecting Immune Infiltration. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2024; 34:87-100. [PMID: 38073445 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2023049049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene family encodes for a group of copper-dependent enzymes that play a crucial role in the cross-linking of collagen and elastin fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Dysregulation of LOX gene expression has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer. Several studies have shown that the LOX gene family is involved in cancer progression and metastasis. The goal of this article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the LOX family's role in pan-cancer multiplexes. We utilized pan-cancer multi-omics sequencing data from TCGA to investigate the relationship between LOX family genes and tumors at four different levels: mutation, copy number variation, methylation, and gene expression. In addition, we also examined the relationship between LOX family genes and tumors at the cell line level using tumor cell line sequencing data from CCLE. Taking into account the impact of LOX family genes on lung cancer, we developed a LOX family lung cancer prognostic model to forecast the disease's prognosis. Our findings revealed that LOXL2 had the highest mutation frequency in tumors, while all four LOX family genes experienced some degree of copy number variation in diverse tumors. We observed that LOX, LOXL1 to LOXL3 were predominantly highly expressed in tumors including LUAD. The expression trends of LOX and LOXL1 to LOXL3 were consistent across tumor cell lines, but differed somewhat from LOXL4. Utilizing 25 LOX family-related genes, we constructed a LOX family prognostic model that performed well in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer. Through pan-cancer analysis, we gain further knowledge of the role of LOX family genes in different tumors, offering a novel pathway for future research into the relationship between LOX family genes and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Chu
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Siyuan University,28 Shui'an Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Nian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Siyuan University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianyong Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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4
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Chen H, Yang W, Xue X, Li Y, Jin Z, Ji Z. Integrated Analysis Revealed an Inflammatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Based Subtypes with Promising Implications in Predicting the Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response of Bladder Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415970. [PMID: 36555612 PMCID: PMC9781727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs) are closely related to progression, anticancer therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of bladder cancer (BCa). However, the functional role of iCAFs in BCa has been poorly studied. In our study, two BCa scRNA-seq datasets (GSE130001 and GSE146137) were obtained and integrated by the Seurat pipeline. Based on reported markers (COL1A1 and PDGFRA), iCAFs were identified and the related signature of 278 markers was developed. Following unsupervised consensus clustering, two molecular subtypes of TCGA-BLCA were identified and characterized by distinct dysregulated cancer hallmarks, immunological tumor microenvironments, prognoses, responses to chemotherapy/immunotherapy, and stemness. Subsequently, the robustness of the signature-based clustering, in terms of prognosis and therapeutic response prediction, was validated in a GEO-meta cohort with seven independent GEO datasets of 519 BCa patients, and three immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-treated cohorts. Considering the heterogeneity, re-clustering of iCAFs was performed and a subpopulation, named "LOXL2+ iCAFs", was identified. Co-culture CM derived from LOXL2 overexpression/silencing CAFs with T24 cells revealed that overexpression of LOXL2 in CAFs promoted while silencing LOXL2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of T24 cells through IL32. Moreover, the positive correlation between LOXL2 and CD206, an M2 macrophage polarization marker, has been observed and validated. Collectively, integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analyses revealed an iCAF-related signature that can predict prognosis and response to immunotherapy for BCa. Additionally, the hub gene LOXL2 may serve as a promising target for BCa treatment.
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5
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Lu X, Xin DE, Du JK, Zou QC, Wu Q, Zhang YS, Deng W, Yue J, Fan XS, Zeng Y, Cheng X, Li X, Hou Z, Mohan M, Zhao TC, Lu X, Chang Z, Xu L, Sun Y, Zu X, Zhang Y, Chinn YE. Loss of LOXL2 Promotes Uterine Hypertrophy and Tumor Progression by Enhancing H3K36ac-Dependent Gene Expression. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4400-4413. [PMID: 36197797 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) repeat carrying LOX family. Although LOXL2 is suspected to be involved in histone association and chromatin modification, the role of LOXL2 in epigenetic regulation during tumorigenesis and cancer progression remains unclear. Here, we report that nuclear LOXL2 associates with histone H3 and catalyzes H3K36ac deacetylation and deacetylimination. Both the N-terminal SRCR repeats and the C-terminal catalytic domain of LOXL2 carry redundant deacetylase catalytic activity. Overexpression of LOXL2 markedly reduced H3K36 acetylation and blocked H3K36ac-dependent transcription of genes, including c-MYC, CCND1, HIF1A, and CD44. Consequently, LOXL2 overexpression reduced cancer cell proliferation in vitro and inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. In contrast, LOXL2 deficiency resulted in increased H3K36 acetylation and aberrant expression of H3K36ac-dependent genes involved in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways. Female LOXL2-deficient mice spontaneously developed uterine hypertrophy and uterine carcinoma. Moreover, silencing LOXL2 in cancer cells enhanced tumor progression and reduced the efficacy of cisplatin and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) combination therapy. Clinically, low nuclear LOXL2 expression and high H3K36ac levels corresponded to poor prognosis in uterine endometrial carcinoma patients. These results suggest that nuclear LOXL2 restricts cancer development in the female reproductive system via the regulation of H3K36ac deacetylation. SIGNIFICANCE LOXL2 loss reprograms the epigenetic landscape to promote uterine cancer initiation and progression and repress the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, indicating that LOXL2 is a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Lu
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dazhuan E Xin
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juanjuan K Du
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanli C Zou
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan S Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhai Deng
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jicheng Yue
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing S Fan
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaju Cheng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Li
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang; Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting C Zhao
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Brown University School of Medicine-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Y Eugene Chinn
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Xue S, Geng A, Lian T, Liu Y. Scutellaria barbata D. Don inhibits cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via miR-195-5p/LOXL2 axis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:804-811. [PMID: 36337243 PMCID: PMC9618116 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) is a widely used herbal medicine in China, with various pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-cancer. This work is aimed to investigate the tumor-suppressive effect of SB in cervical cancer (CC) and to identify its underlying mechanisms. Methods and materials CC cell lines (HeLa and HT-3) were treated with different concentrations of SB chloroform extract (ECSB) (0, 0.2, 0.5 mg/ml). MiR-195-5p and LOXL2 mRNA expression in CC cell lines and tissue samples was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8 experiment was utilized to examine cell viability; TUNEL assay and Transwell experiment was executed to examine cell apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Western blotting experiments were implemented to detect LOXL2 protein expression. Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment were executed to examine the binding relationship between miR-195-5p and LOXL2. Results ECSB repressed the viability, migration, and invasion of HeLa and HT-3 cells, and promoted cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. MiR-195-5p was remarkably under-expressed in CC tissues and cells, and ECSB up-regulated miR-195-5p expression. MiR-195-5p inhibitors partially counteracted the suppressive effects of ECSB on the malignant phenotypes of HeLa and HT-3 cells. LOXL2 was a downstream target of miR-195-5p, and ECSB up-modulated LOXL2 expression by specifically repressing miR-195-5p. Conclusion SB restrains CC cell proliferation and metastasis and promotes cell apoptosis via miR-195-5p/LOXL2, which may be a potential therapeutic agent for CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyu Xue
- Clinical Medical School, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Aimin Geng
- Department of Urological Surgery, Chang’ an Hospital, Xi’an 710016, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ting Lian
- Clinical Medical School, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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Wu C, Wei W, Li J, Peng S. The Impacts of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs)-Derived Periostin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of Cervical Cancer Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to the migrating and invading behaviors of cells. Periostin is one of the essential components in the extracellular matrix and can induce EMT of cells and their sequential metastasis. But its underlying mechanism is unclear.
The Hela and BMSC cell lines were assigned into Periostin-mimic group, Periostin-Inhibitor group and Periostin-NC group followed by analysis of cell migration and invasion, expression of E-Cadherin, Vimentin, β-Catenin, Snail, MMP-2, MMP-9, PTEN, and p-PTEN. Cells in Periostin-mimic
group exhibited lowest migration, least number of invaded cells, as well as lowest levels of Vimentin, β-Catenin, Snail, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-PTEN, Akt, p-Akt, p-GSK-3β, p-PDK1 and p-cRcf, along with highest levels of E-cadherin and PTEN. Moreover, cells in Periostin-NC
group had intermediate levels of these above indicators, while, the Periostin-Inhibitor group exhibited the highest migration rate, the most number of invaded cells, and the highest levels of these proteins (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BMSCs-derived Periostin can influence the EMT
of cervical cancer cells possibly through restraining the activity of the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway, indicating that Periostin might be a target of chemotherapy in clinics for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Yichun People’s Hospital, Yichun, Jiangxi, 336000, China
| | - Weifeng Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong, 514000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong, 514000, China
| | - Shenglin Peng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Yichun People’s Hospital, Yichun, Jiangxi, 336000, China
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MCPIP1 regulates focal adhesion kinase and rho GTPase-dependent migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 922:174804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jiang L, Jin H, Gong S, Han K, Li Z, Zhang W, Tian J. LncRNA KCNQ1OT1-mediated cervical cancer progression by sponging miR-1270 as a ceRNA of LOXL2 through PI3k/Akt pathway. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022; 48:1001-1010. [PMID: 35218109 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated noncoding RNAs participated in progressions of cervical cancer. PURPOSE To verify impacts of KCNQ1OT1 on modulating progressions of cervical cancer cells. METHOD Expressions of KCNQ1OT1, miR-1270, and LOXL2 were analyzed through RT-qPCR and protein expressions of LOXL2, p-AKT, and AKT were validated using western blot. Bindings of miR-1270 with KCNQ1OT1 or LOXL2 were verified using luciferase reporter assay. CCK-8 and flow cytometry evaluated cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway suppressor, LY294002, was applied to treat the cells and the changes of KCNQ1OT1 expression and LOXL2, p-AKT, and AKT protein expressions were examined. RESULTS KCNQ1OT1 expression was the highest in HeLa cells but lowest in SiHa cells whose upregulation improved the viability but inhibited the apoptosis in SiHa cells while knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 caused opposite results in HeLa cells. MiR-1270 was sponged and negatively modulated by KCNQ1OT1. MiR-1270 mimics caused low viability and high apoptosis of SiHa cells but miR-1270 inhibitor reverse its roles in HeLa cells. LOXL2, the target of miR-1270, positively interplayed with KCNQ1OT1 but had negative interaction with miR-1270. LOXL2 overexpression promoted viability and decreased apoptosis of SiHa cells but knockdown of LOXL2 restored its effects in HeLa cells. Moreover, LOXL2 and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) protein expressions were downregulated by suppressed KCNQ1OT1 and LOXL2 and miR-1270 mimics but promoted by overexpressed KCNQ1OT1 and LOXL2 and miR-1270 inhibitor. Additionally, LY294002 treatment caused low KCNQ1OT1 RNA expression and decreased LOXL2 and p-AKT protein expressions. CONCLUSION KCNQ1OT1/miR-1270/LOXL2 axis modulated viability and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Gynecology Department, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Haihong Jin
- Gynecology Department, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Shan Gong
- Gynecology Department, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Kun Han
- Gynecology Department, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Ze Li
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi Sports Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Weihu Zhang
- Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hexi Sports Institute, Tianjin, China
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Liu S, Li B, Li Y, Song H. Circular RNA circ_0000228 promotes the malignancy of cervical cancer via microRNA-195-5p/ lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:4397-4406. [PMID: 34308761 PMCID: PMC8806657 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1954846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of novel non-coding RNAs that are vital in modulating gene expression and biological processes. Nevertheless, in cervical cancer (CC), the role of circRNA is much less investigated. In this work, circ_0000228 expression in CC is measured and circ_0000228's function and related mechanism are investigated. Quantitative real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized to examine the expression levels of circ_0000228, microRNA-195-5p (miR-195-5p) and lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2). Western blotting was employed to examine LOXL2 protein expression in CC cell lines. CC cell lines with circ_0000228 knockdown were constructed, and the CCK-8 experiment and Transwell experiment were executed to investigate the effect of circ_0000228 on the malignant characteristics of CC cells. Furthermore, a dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment was applied to validate the targeting relationship between circ_0000228 and miR-195-5p, miR-195-5p and LOXL2. In this study, we demonstrated that circ_0000228 showed a remarkable up-modulation in CC tissues and cell lines. Circ_0000228 knockdown repressed the growth and metastatic potential of CC cells. Mechanistically, circ_0000228 facilitated CC progression through sponging miR-195-5p and up-modulating LOXL2 expression. We conclude that circ_0000228 is an oncogenic circRNA, which participates in promoting CC progression via regulating the miR-195-5p/LOXL2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Huaihua Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
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A Theoretical Approach to Coupling the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) to Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Stiffness via LOXL2. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071609. [PMID: 33807227 PMCID: PMC8037024 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in cancer progression through which cells weaken their cell-cell adhesion and gain mobility and invasive traits. Besides chemical signaling, recent studies have established the connection of EMT to mechanical microenvironment, such as the stiffness of extracellular matrix (ECM). LOXL2 is representative of a family of enzymes that promotes fiber cross-linking in ECM. With increased cross-linking comes increased stiffness, which induces EMT that can, in turn, elevate LOXL2 levels. As such, a positive feedback loop among EMT, LOXL2, and ECM stiffness can be formed. We built a mathematical model on a core biochemical reaction network featuring this feedback loop, and showed how strongly it drives EMT. We also illustrated mechanistically how cross-linking connects with stiffness, using a mechanical model of collagen (a major component of ECM). Using this theoretical framework, we demonstrated the heterogeneity of LOXL2/stiffness and its implications on migrating cancer cells that could seed metastasis, the growth of secondary malignant tumors. This framework can inspire experimental studies of more fine-grained mechanotransduction and biomechanical heterogeneity in cancers. Abstract The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in cancer progression, being responsible in many cases for the onset of the metastatic cascade and being integral in the ability of cells to resist drug treatment. Most studies of EMT focus on its induction via chemical signals such as TGF-β or Notch ligands, but it has become increasingly clear that biomechanical features of the microenvironment such as extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness can be equally important. Here, we introduce a coupled feedback loop connecting stiffness to the EMT transcription factor ZEB1, which acts via increasing the secretion of LOXL2 that leads to increased cross-linking of collagen fibers in the ECM. This increased cross-linking can effectively increase ECM stiffness and increase ZEB1 levels, thus setting a positive feedback loop between ZEB1 and ECM stiffness. To investigate the impact of this non-cell-autonomous effect, we introduce a computational approach capable of connecting LOXL2 concentration to increased stiffness and thereby to higher ZEB1 levels. Our results indicate that this positive feedback loop, once activated, can effectively lock the cells in a mesenchymal state. The spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the LOXL2 concentration and thus the mechanical stiffness also has direct implications for migrating cells that attempt to escape the primary tumor.
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Targeting Lysyl Oxidase Family Meditated Matrix Cross-Linking as an Anti-Stromal Therapy in Solid Tumours. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030491. [PMID: 33513979 PMCID: PMC7865543 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To improve efficacy of solid cancer treatment, efforts have shifted towards targeting both the cancer cells and the surrounding tumour tissue they grow in. The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of enzymes underpin the fibrotic remodeling of the tumour microenvironment to promote both cancer growth, spread throughout the body and modulate response to therapies. This review examines how the lysyl oxidase family is involved in tumour development, how they can be targeted, and their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in solid tumours. Abstract The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of enzymes are a major driver in the biogenesis of desmoplastic matrix at the primary tumour and secondary metastatic sites. With the increasing interest in and development of anti-stromal therapies aimed at improving clinical outcomes of cancer patients, the Lox family has emerged as a potentially powerful clinical target. This review examines how lysyl oxidase family dysregulation in solid cancers contributes to disease progression and poor patient outcomes, as well as an evaluation of the preclinical landscape of LOX family targeting therapeutics. We also discuss the suitability of the LOX family as a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker in solid tumours.
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Emami Nejad A, Najafgholian S, Rostami A, Sistani A, Shojaeifar S, Esparvarinha M, Nedaeinia R, Haghjooy Javanmard S, Taherian M, Ahmadlou M, Salehi R, Sadeghi B, Manian M. The role of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and development of cancer stem cell: a novel approach to developing treatment. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:62. [PMID: 33472628 PMCID: PMC7816485 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors, and develops because of the rapid growth of the tumor that outstrips the oxygen supply, and impaired blood flow due to the formation of abnormal blood vessels supplying the tumor. It has been reported that tumor hypoxia can: activate angiogenesis, thereby enhancing invasiveness and risk of metastasis; increase survival of tumor, as well as suppress anti-tumor immunity and hamper the therapeutic response. Hypoxia mediates these effects by several potential mechanisms: altering gene expression, the activation of oncogenes, inactivation of suppressor genes, reducing genomic stability and clonal selection. We have reviewed the effects of hypoxia on tumor biology and the possible strategiesto manage the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the potential use of cancer stem cells in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Emami Nejad
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O.Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Najafgholian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alireza Rostami
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine Amiralmomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alireza Sistani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine Valiasr Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Samaneh Shojaeifar
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak, Iran
| | - Mojgan Esparvarinha
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Taherian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ahmadlou
- Sciences Medical of University Arak, Hospital Amiralmomenin, Center Development Research Clinical, Arak, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Sadeghi
- Department of Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 3848176341, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Science Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Imam Khomeini Campus, Farhikhtegan Bld., Shahid J'afari St., Kermanshah, 3848176341, Iran.
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Wen B, Xu LY, Li EM. LOXL2 in cancer: regulation, downstream effectors and novel roles. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188435. [PMID: 32976981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a copper and lysine tyrosyl-quinone (LTQ)-dependent amine oxidase belonging to the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, the canonical function of which is to catalyze the crosslinking of elastin and collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Many studies have revealed that the aberrant expression of LOXL2 in multiple cancers is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, poor prognosis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and tumor progression. LOXL2 is regulated in many ways, such as transcriptional regulation, alternative splicing, microRNA regulation, posttranslational modification, and cleavage. Beyond affecting the extracellular environment, various intracellular roles, such as oxidation and deacetylation activities in the nucleus, have been reported for LOXL2. Additionally, LOXL2 contributes to tumor cell invasion by promoting cytoskeletal reorganization. Targeting LOXL2 has become a potential therapeutic strategy to combat many types of cancers. Here, we provide an overview of the regulation and downstream effectors of LOXL2 and discuss the intracellular role of LOXL2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
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