Control and Prevention of the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: A Qualitative Community Case Study

Relationship between honesty-credit, specialty identity, career identity, and willingness to fulfill the contract among rural-oriented tuition-waived medical students of China: a cross-sectional study

Background

The fulfillment of contractual obligations by rural-oriented tuition-waived medical students (RTMSs) to work in rural medical institutions after graduation directly impacts the improvement of rural health quality. This study aimed to not only quantitatively measure the direct impact of honesty-credit, specialty identity, and career identity on willingness to fulfill the contract of RTMSs but also to quantify the intermediary role of specialty identity and career identity between honesty-credit and willingness to fulfill the contract. The research results provided recommendations for the rural-oriented tuition-waived medical education (RTME) program to achieve its goal of training rural primary healthcare personnel.

Methods

From March to May 2022, 1162 RTMSs were selected as the research objects. The honesty-credit, specialty identity, career identity, and willingness to fulfill the contract were quantitated using a self-completed questionnaire. Pearson's correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were used for statistical analysis and mediating effect evaluation.

Results

A total of 455 (42.3%) RTMSs had high willingness to fulfill the contract, and honesty-credit had a significant direct positive effect on willingness (β = 0.198, P < 0.001), specialty identity (β = 0.653, P < 0.001), and career identity (β = 0.180, P < 0.001). In the intermediary path between honesty-credit and willingness, career identity [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.007-0.051] had significant mediating effects. Career identity (95% CI: 0.030-0.149) also had significant mediating effects between specialty identity and willingness, and specialty identity (95% CI: 0.465-0.760) had significant mediating effects between honesty-credit and career identity. These results strongly confirmed that honesty-credit, specialty identity, and career identity are early and powerful predictors of the willingness to fulfill the contract of RTMSs.

Conclusion

The honesty-credit of RTMSs can predict their willingness to fulfill the contract early, significantly and positively. For the students who fail to pass the credit assessment for many times and have a strong tendency to default, their training qualifications should be canceled in time, so that students who are truly willing to serve rural areas can enter the project, and finally achieve the policy goal of "strengthening the rural primary medical and health system".

"Should We Donate Organs After Death?": Exploring Chinese University Students' Knowledge and Perception Toward Cadaveric Organ Donation : A Narrative Analysis

Background

University students who possess an open-minded attitude and are receptive to new concepts represent a significant potential donor group. Their knowledge and attitudes toward organ donation have a considerable impact on the advancement of organ transplantation.

Methods

Using the method of content analysis, this qualitative study examine the knowledge and attitude of Chinese university students concerning cadaveric organ donation.

Results

The research identified five themes, including cadaveric organ donation as a commendable act, disincentives to cadaveric organ donation, ways to understand cadaveric organ donation, strategies to increase donation rates, and cultural influences regarding cadaveric organ donation.

Conclusion

The findings revealed that some participants lacked adequate knowledge of cadaveric organ donation and were unwilling to donate organs after their death due to traditional Chinese family values and culture. Therefore, it is necessary to implement effective measures to enhance death education among Chinese university students and encourage their understanding and acceptance of cadaveric organ donation.

Community pandemic prevention and control measures and their influence on citizen satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic in China

At the forefront of the fight against the pandemic, the community' s measures and services would have a greater impact than ever before on citizen satisfaction. However, the influence of citizen satisfaction on community pandemic prevention and control measures (CPPCM) during the pandemic is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the allocation of CPPCM and its impact on CS. The Chinese national data was analyzed for the outcome. (1) Pandemic prevention propaganda (PPP), disinfection (DT), and body temperature tests (BTTs) were the primary measures taken by the Chinese community. (2) The CS for pandemic prevention and control is high, and urban and central Chinese communities express greater satisfaction. (3) The impact of disinfection, body temperature tests, free supplies, and assistance purchasing supplies on CS was greater in rural areas than in urban areas. (4) Regional variations exist in the impact of CS on CPPCM. (5) The number of measures has an inverted U-shaped relationship with citizen satisfaction. This study also suggests that the government should disseminate information about pandemic prevention in a timely manner, provide basic health and medical services, and evaluate the measures taken to avoid the discount effect.

The influence of professional identity, job satisfaction, burnout on turnover intention among village public health service providers in China in the context of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study

Background

In China, COVID-19 has undoubtedly posed a huge challenge to the capacity of rural public health services. Village public health service providers are responsible for reporting and dealing with infectious diseases and public health emergencies. However, the turnover of village public health service providers is gravely threatening the stability of rural primary health system step by step. This study systematically evaluated the effects of professional identity, job satisfaction, burnout on turnover intention of village public health service providers, and further measured the mediating effect of job satisfaction and burnout between professional identity and turnover intention.

Methods

From May to June 2019, 1,244 village public health service providers in Shandong Province were selected as the research objects. Sociodemographic characteristics, professional identity, job satisfaction, burnout and turnover intention were quantitated by self-completed questionnaire and measured by Likert 5-7 scale. Person correlation analysis, One-way ANOVA, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used for statistical analysis and mediating effect evaluation.

Results

Five hundred and sixty-four (45.3%) village public health providers had high turnover intension. Professional identity had a direct positive effect on job satisfaction (β = 0.146, p < 0.001), job satisfaction had a direct negative effect on burnout (β = 0.263, p < 0.001), and turnover intension (β = -0.453, p < 0.001), while burnout had a direct positive effect on turnover intension (β = 0.242, p < 0.001). Between professional identity and turnover intention, job satisfaction 95%CI: (-0.289)-(-0.11) had significant mediating effects. Job satisfaction 95%CI: (-0.216)-(-0.077) also had significant mediating effects between professional identity and burnout, and burnout had significant mediating effects between job satisfaction and turnover intension, 95%CI: (-0.116)-(-0.052). These results strongly confirm that professional identity, job satisfaction, and burnout are early and powerful predicators of turnover intention.

Conclusion

According to the results, medical administration and management departments should pay attention to improve the professional attraction of public health services by improving the public's understanding of the profession, reducing work intensity, timely granting of subsidy funds, improving old-age security, ensuring the income level, increasing the new force and so on, so as to reduce turnover intension and ensure the health equity of village residents.

A multiple-group analysis of social Capital and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults in urban China during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic

The present study examined the moderating effects of family social capital on the relationship between community social capital and loneliness among older adults in urban Chinese communities during the COVID-19 outbreak period between January and March 2020.Method: We used quota sampling to recruit 472 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older. A multiple-group analysis was applied to examine the proposed hypotheses.Results: Community-based cognitive social capital was significantly associated with both social and emotional loneliness among older adults with relatively low levels of family social capital. However, these associations were statistically nonsignificant among those with high family social capital levels. Community-based structural social capital was not associated with loneliness in either family social capital group.Conclusion: The findings highlight the role of cognitive social capital in reducing loneliness and support community social capital replacement theory in explaining the mechanism linking social capital to loneliness in later life in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Experience and Perceptions of Chinese University Students Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a significant influence on university student's learning, life and mental health. Using the method of inductive content analysis, this study examined the experience and perceptions of Chinese university students regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Eighteen university students including seven males and eleven females were involved in this study. In this study, we identified five themes concerning experience and perceptions of Chinese university students regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, that is, emotional reactions toward the COVID-19 pandemic, the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the participant's learning, the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the participant's daily life, participants' positive responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, and China's moves toward the COVID-19 pandemic. This study elaborated on experience and perceptions of Chinese university students regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, which would provide us a better understanding of how university students perceive the COVID-19 pandemic and to what extent the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced their learning and daily lives.