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Mueen H, Ahmad R, Khan SA, Shahzad M, Ismail AM, El-Beltagi HS, Hajjar MJ, Kesba HH. The ability of selected fungal strains to produce carboxylesterase enzymes for biodegradation and use of bifenthrin insecticide as carbon source: in vitro and in silico approaches. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:1691-1705. [PMID: 39030281 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03062-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Bifenthrin (BF) is a broad-spectrum type I pyrethroid insecticide that acts on insects by impairing the nervous system and inhibiting ATPase activity, and it has toxic effects on non-target organisms and high persistence in the environment. This study aimed to determine the potential of six different fungi, including Pseudozyma hubeiensis PA, Trichoderma reesei PF, Trichoderma koningiopsis PD, Purpureocillium lilacinum ACE3, Talaromyces pinophilus ACE4, and Aspergillus niger AJ-F3, to degrade BF. Three different concentrations of BF, including 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% w/v, were used in the sensitivity testing that revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.01) impact of BF on fungal growth. Enzymatic assays demonstrated that both intracellular and extracellular carboxylesterases hydrolyzed BF with the enzymatic activity of up to 175 ± 3 U (μmol/min) and 45 ± 1 U, respectively. All tested fungi were capable of utilizing BF as a sole carbon source producing 0.06 ± 0.01 to 0.45 ± 0.01 mg dry biomass per mg BF. Moreover, the presence of PytH was determined in the fungi using bioinformatics tools and was found in A. niger, T. pinophilus, T. reesei, and P. lilacinum. 3D structures of the PytH homologs were predicted using AlphaFold2, and their intermolecular interactions with pyrethroids were determined using MOE. All the homologs interacted with different pyrethroids with a binding energy of lesser than - 10 kcal/mol. Based on the study, it was concluded that the investigated fungi have a greater potential for the biodegradation of BF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnat Mueen
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Rafiq Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sabaz Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 420, 31982, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
- Pests and Plant Diseases Unit, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 420, 31982, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
- Vegetable Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (A.R.C.), Giza, 12619, Egypt.
| | - Hossam S El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - M Jamal Hajjar
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 420, 31982, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosny Hamed Kesba
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 420, 31982, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
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Naughton SX, Yang EJ, Iqbal U, Trageser K, Charytonowicz D, Masieri S, Estill M, Wu H, Raval U, Lyu W, Wu QL, Shen L, Simon J, Sebra R, Pasinetti GM. Permethrin exposure primes neuroinflammatory stress response to drive depression-like behavior through microglial activation in a mouse model of Gulf War Illness. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:222. [PMID: 39272155 PMCID: PMC11396632 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic multisymptom disorder that affects approximately 25-32% of Gulf War veterans and is characterized by a number of symptoms such as cognitive impairment, psychiatric disturbances, chronic fatigue and gastrointestinal distress, among others. While the exact etiology of GWI is unknown, it is believed to have been caused by toxic exposures encountered during deployment in combination with other factors such as stress. In the present study we sought to evaluate the hypothesis that exposure to the toxin permethrin could prime neuroinflammatory stress response and elicit psychiatric symptoms associated with GWI. Specifically, we developed a mouse model of GWI, to evaluate the effects of chronic permethrin exposure followed by unpredictable stress. We found that subjecting mice to 14 days of chronic permethrin exposure followed by 7 days of unpredictable stress resulted in the development of depression-like behavior. This behavioral change coincided with distinct alterations in the microglia phenotype, indicating microglial activation in the hippocampus. We revealed that blocking microglial activation through Gi inhibitory DREADD receptors in microglia effectively prevented the behavioral change associated with permethrin and stress exposure. To elucidate the transcriptional networks impacted within distinct microglia populations linked to depression-like behavior in mice exposed to both permethrin and stress, we conducted a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis using 21,566 single nuclei collected from the hippocampus of mice. For bioinformatics, UniCell Deconvolve was a pre-trained, interpretable, deep learning model used to deconvolve cell type fractions and predict cell identity across spatial datasets. Our bioinformatics analysis identified significant alterations in permethrin exposure followed by stress-associated microglia population, notably pathways related to neuronal development, neuronal communication, and neuronal morphogenesis, all of which are associated with neural synaptic plasticity. Additionally, we observed permethrin exposure followed by stress-mediated changes in signal transduction, including modulation of chemical synaptic transmission, regulation of neurotransmitter receptors, and regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity, a known contributor to the pathophysiology of depression in a subset of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons in CA3 subregions. Our findings tentatively suggest that permethrin may prime microglia towards a state of inflammatory activation that can be triggered by psychological stressors, resulting in depression-like behavior and alterations of neural plasticity. These findings underscore the significance of synergistic interactions between multi-causal factors associated with GWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean X Naughton
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eun-Jeong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Umar Iqbal
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyle Trageser
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Charytonowicz
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sibilla Masieri
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Molly Estill
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Wu
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Urdhva Raval
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weiting Lyu
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Qing-Li Wu
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Simon
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giulio Maria Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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3
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Sudhakaran G, V N D, Bharti SAK, Kumar A, Kannan J, Arockiaraj J. Invisible enemies: evaluating human health threats of mosquito repellents through animal studies. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39257222 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2399177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases continue to pose significant threats to human populations, especially in developing and underdeveloped regions, where access to effective preventive measures remains limited. Mosquito repellents represent a cornerstone in the arsenal against these diseases, providing a barrier against mosquito bites. Mosquito repellents come in various formulations, including topical ointments and commercial vaporizers, with varying compositions. Common constituents include deodorized kerosene (DOK) as a solvent, pyrethroids, amides, essential oils for fragrance, and synergists. Despite their widespread use, the toxicological profiles of these repellents remain inadequately understood, raising questions about their safety in prolonged or excessive exposure scenarios. However, while their efficacy in preventing mosquito-borne illnesses is well-established, concerns persist regarding their potential toxicity to humans and the environment. This review critically examines the existing literature on the toxicity of mosquito repellents, focusing on their adverse effects on human health and environmental sustainability. Through an extensive analysis of available research, this review aims to shed light on the potential health risks associated with mosquito repellents, such as dermatological irritation, respiratory complications, and allergic reactions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Sudhakaran
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhaareeshwar V N
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Ankit Kumar Bharti
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagan Kannan
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Tewari A. Respiratory system: Highly exposed yet under-reported organ in pyrethrin and pyrethroid toxicity. Toxicol Ind Health 2024:7482337241273808. [PMID: 39178350 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241273808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Pyrethrin and pyrethroid are a relatively new class of pesticides with potent insecticidal properties. Pyrethrins are naturally occurring pesticides obtained from the Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium flower, while pyrethroids are their synthetic derivatives. They are widely used as the insecticides of choice in agriculture, veterinary medicine, public health programs, and household activities. Pyrethrin, being a broad-spectrum insecticide kills a wide range of pests, while pyrethroids last longer in the environment owing to low susceptibility to sunlight, and greater stability and efficacy than parent molecules. Humans can be exposed through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes. Indoor usage of an insecticide poses a serious risk to human health, especially to women, children, and stay-at-home people. Although pyrethrin and pyrethroid are generally considered safe, sustained skin or inhalation exposure or direct contact with open wounds results in higher toxicity to mammals. There is a paucity of data on the impact of pyrethrin and pyrethroid on overall pulmonary health. The respiratory system, from the nose, nasal passages, airways, and bronchi to the pulmonary alveoli, is vulnerable to environmental contaminants such as pesticides because of its anatomical location as well as being a highly blood profused organ. Under and over-functioning of the respiratory system triggers diverse pathologies such as serious infections, allergies, asthma, metastatic malignancies, and auto-immune conditions. While the association between workplace-related pesticide exposures and respiratory diseases and symptoms is well documented, it is important to understand the adverse health impact of pyrethrin and pyrethroid on the general population for awareness and also for better regulation and implementation of the law.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Tewari
- Department of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, (NDVSU), Rewa, India
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5
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Gao P, Tan J, Peng X, Song Y, Qu M, Chen M. Expression Pattern of RpCSP6 from Rhopalosiphum padi and Its Binding Mechanism with Deltamethrin: Insights into Chemosensory Protein-Mediated Insecticide Resistance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17847-17857. [PMID: 39088794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms of insecticide resistance are complex. Recent studies have revealed a novel mechanism involving the chemosensory system in insecticide resistance. However, the specific binding mechanism between olfactory-related genes and insecticides needs to be clarified. In this study, the binding mechanism between pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin and RpCSP6 from Rhopalosiphum padi was investigated by using computational and multiple experimental methods. RpCSP6 was expressed in different tissues and developmental stages of R. padi and can be induced by deltamethrin. Knockdown of RpCSP6 significantly increased the susceptibility of R. padi to deltamethrin. The binding affinity of RpCSP6 to 24 commonly used insecticides was measured. Seven key residues were found to steadily interact with deltamethrin, indicating their significance in the binding affinity to the insecticide. Our research provided insights for effectively analyzing the binding mechanism of insect CSPs with insecticides, facilitating the development of new and effective insecticides that target insect CSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junjie Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingjing Qu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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6
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Laborde-Castérot H, Vodovar D, Ortiz De Zevallos A, Caré W, Nisse P, Bargel S, Rambourg MO, Langrand J. Trends in poisoning associated with the use of insecticides for bed bug infestations: a 20-year retrospective study in France. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16868. [PMID: 39043814 PMCID: PMC11266503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bed bugs are pervasive global pests that have reemerged in the last 20 years as a significant public health concern, especially in densely populated urban areas. Beyond financial losses, expenses, inconvenience, and psychological distress, bed bug infestations often necessitate chemical management, posing poisoning risks to those with an infestation. The French Poison Control Centers recorded 1056 cases of exposure to bed bug insecticide products between 1999 and 2021. This study followed cases over 2007-2021, with a notable surge in reports of adverse reactions from 2016 onwards. Data revealed an increased recurrent misuse of insecticides, including substances banned or not approved for this use. Our findings underscore the growing public reliance on chemical insecticides for home bed bug management. With this is the concern of increased poisoning risks, and potential long-term health consequences from non-professional efforts by the public to manage bed bugs in their homes. This escalating trend emphasizes the need for safer and more sustainable pest management strategies in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Laborde-Castérot
- AP-HP Nord, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Centre Antipoison de Paris, 75010, Paris, France.
- INSERM UMR 1153, CRESS HERA Team, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Dominique Vodovar
- AP-HP Nord, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Centre Antipoison de Paris, 75010, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1144, Mécanismes de Toxicité et Optimisation Thérapeutique des Psychotropes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | | | - Weniko Caré
- AP-HP Nord, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Centre Antipoison de Paris, 75010, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital d'instruction des Armées Bégin, 91460, Saint-Mandé, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Odile Rambourg
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety), 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jérôme Langrand
- AP-HP Nord, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Centre Antipoison de Paris, 75010, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1144, Mécanismes de Toxicité et Optimisation Thérapeutique des Psychotropes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
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7
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Zhao X, Li J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Jiang X, Long L, Wang J, Yao Y, Zhang Q, Li M, Li X, Zhang B, Liao J. A prospective cohort study of exposure to household pesticide with cardiovascular diseases mortality in older adults. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134316. [PMID: 38669923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the associations of self-reported exposures, and urinary metabolites related to household pesticide with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in older adults based on the 2007 to 2014 waves of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS Information on application and urinary metabolites related to household pesticide exposure were collected. We estimated the risks of household pesticide exposure, urinary metabolites with subsequent incident CVD death using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The indirect effects of urinary metabolites and effect modifications were examined. RESULTS The participants who reported exposure to household pesticide had a higher risk of incident CVD death (adjusted HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.81). Per 1-log10 increase in urinary N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) related to household insect repellents was associated with a higher risk of incident CVD death (adjusted HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.40). Urinary DEET explained 4.21% of the total association between household pesticide exposure and CVD death risk. The participants who persisted a low level of health diet exhibited pronounced CVD death risks with household pesticide exposures. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to household pesticide, especially household insect repellents, was consistently associated with an elevated CVD death risk in older adults. A heatlhy diet could partly attenuate the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyao Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Research Center for Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Diseases, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Research Center for Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Diseases, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lu Long
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yuqing Yao
- Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Research Center for Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Diseases, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Research Center for Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Diseases, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ben Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiaqiang Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Systematic Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Research Center for Prevention and Therapy of Occupational Diseases, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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8
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Verma VR, Lamb T, Sattar MA, Ghose A, Eddleston M. Lessons from the field: compound-specific management in acute pesticide poisoning. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2024; 118:347-349. [PMID: 38339958 PMCID: PMC11149373 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticide poisoning is a common medical emergency in the rural tropics, with significant associated mortality. Pesticide poisoning is an umbrella term that encompasses a wide variety of substances with differing clinical toxidromes and outcomes. Despite this, confirmation of the specific compound ingested is rarely performed. In this Lessons from the Field, we argue that pesticide-specific management is integral to optimise management. Using data from a quality improvement project in Chittagong, Bangladesh, we demonstrate that identifying the specific compound is possible in most patients through careful history taking and examination of the pesticide bottle. Identification of the specific compound is essential for anticipating and reducing complications, administering appropriate and timely management and reducing the length of hospital stay and cost of unnecessary medical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasundhara R Verma
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas Lamb
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Md Abdus Sattar
- Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College and Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Aniruddha Ghose
- Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College and Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Michael Eddleston
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
- South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Centre for Pesticide Suicide Prevention, University of Edinburgh, UK
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9
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Akhigbe RE, Oyedokun PA, Akhigbe TM, Adenike S, Oladipo AA, Hughes JR. Does pyrethroid exposure lower human semen quality? a systematic review and meta-analysis. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1395010. [PMID: 38919453 PMCID: PMC11196980 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1395010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Pyrethroids are natural organic compounds extracted from flowers of pyrethrums and commonly used as domestic and commercial insecticides. Although it is effective in insect and parasitic control, its associated toxicity, including spermotoxicity, remains a challenge globally. Currently, the available reports on the effect of pyrethroids on semen quality are conflicting, hence an evaluation of its detrimental effect is pertinent. This study conducts a detailed systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of pyrethroids on sperm quality. Materials and methods: The present study was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Using a pre-defined strategic protocol, an internet search was done using combined text words. The criteria for eligibility were selected based on Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome, and Study Designs (PECO) framework, and relevant data were collected. Appraisal was done using The Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) tool for the evaluation of the Risk of Bias and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group guidelines for the certainty of evidence. A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted with the Review Manager (RevMan). Results: Only 12 out of the 4, 050 studies screened were eligible for inclusion in this study. The eligible studies were from China (4), Japan (3), Poland (3), and United States (2). All the eligible studies were cross-sectional. A total of 2, 050 male subjects were included in the meta-analysis. Pyrethroid exposure significantly reduced sperm motility. Region-stratified subgroup analyses revealed that pyrethroid significantly reduced sperm motility among men in Poland and United States, and decreased sperm count among men in Japan. Pyrethroid exposure also reduced sperm concentration among men in Poland but increased sperm concentration among men in the United States. Conclusion: Although the study revealed inconsistent evidence on the detrimental effect of pyrethroids on semen quality, the findings showed that pyrethroids have deleterious potentials on sperm motility, count, and concentration. Studies focusing on the assessment of semen quality in pyrethroid-exposed men, especially at specific varying levels of exposure, and employing prospective cohort studies or controlled cross-sectional designs are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Precious Adeoye Oyedokun
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Tunmise Maryanne Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Breeding and Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Suliat Adenike
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Ayoola Abimbola Oladipo
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
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10
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Patel A, Chavan G, Gadkari C, Singh A, Seram RD. Methemoglobinemia Following Indoxacarb Ingestion: A Unique Toxicological Presentation. Cureus 2024; 16:e59122. [PMID: 38803711 PMCID: PMC11129105 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Indoxacarb, an oxadiazine insecticide, is known for its selective lethality by blocking neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channels. While primarily developed to target insect populations resistant to other pesticides, its toxicity in humans remains poorly understood. We present a case of methemoglobinemia resulting from indoxacarb ingestion, a rare manifestation of its toxic effects. A 38-year-old farmer attempted suicide by ingesting the insecticide, leading to cyanosis, hypoxemia, and characteristic arterial blood gas findings indicative of methemoglobinemia. Prompt diagnosis was challenging due to the absence of specific tests, necessitating clinical suspicion. Treatment with methylene blue and supportive therapy resulted in significant clinical improvement, highlighting the importance of early intervention in managing indoxacarb poisoning. This case underscores the need for increased awareness among healthcare providers regarding the potential toxic effects of indoxacarb. It emphasizes the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of methemoglobinemia in pesticide-related poisonings. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying indoxacarb toxicity in humans and to optimize treatment strategies for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Patel
- Emergency Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Gajanan Chavan
- Emergency Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Charuta Gadkari
- Emergency Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Akhilesh Singh
- Emergency Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Rajshree D Seram
- Emergency Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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11
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Naeem B, Saleem J, Haider Naqvi ASA, Kausar S, Arshad A, Kumar K, Khalid A, Kumar P. Systematic review of clinical manifestations, management and outcome following accidental ingestion of liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser in children. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e002476. [PMID: 38555100 PMCID: PMC10982783 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrethroid-based mosquito repellents are widely used to control mosquito-borne diseases. Liquid mosquito-repellent vaporisers are effective modes of pyrethroid delivery but can also pose significant health risks if ingested or used improperly. OBJECTIVE This systematic review was performed to assess the demographic distribution, clinical presentation, management strategies and outcomes in children resulting from accidental ingestion of liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser. METHODS The study adheres to the reporting standards outlined in the PRISMA Statement for Systematic Reviews and was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (record # CRD42023413937) to enhance transparency and minimise reporting bias. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using specific MeSH terms related to insecticides, mosquito repellents, pyrethroids, ingestion, poisoning, toxicity and prevention. The reference lists of the included studies were also reviewed for additional relevant articles. The inclusion criteria involved studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2023 that focused on children under 18 years old with a history of mosquito-repellent ingestion based on primary data. RESULTS Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria; these were primarily case reports from India, China and the UAE. Male children were predominantly affected, and symptoms included vomiting, convulsions, cough and respiratory distress. Management primarily involved supportive and symptomatic measures, including atropine for salivation and antiepileptic drugs for seizures. Respiratory support was provided for respiratory complications. CONCLUSION Despite the known risks and diverse presentations of pyrethroid poisoning caused by liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser in children, the limited substantial evidence in the literature underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research to refine management approaches and enhance preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Naeem
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Saleem
- Federal Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sidra Kausar
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqdas Arshad
- Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - Aashar Khalid
- Federal Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Parkash Kumar
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
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12
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Nowell LH, Moran PW, Waite IR, Schmidt TS, Bradley PM, Mahler BJ, Van Metre PC. Multiple lines of evidence point to pesticides as stressors affecting invertebrate communities in small streams in five United States regions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169634. [PMID: 38272727 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Multistressor studies were performed in five regions of the United States to assess the role of pesticides as stressors affecting invertebrate communities in wadable streams. Pesticides and other chemical and physical stressors were measured in 75 to 99 streams per region for 4 weeks, after which invertebrate communities were surveyed (435 total sites). Pesticides were sampled weekly in filtered water, and once in bed sediment. The role of pesticides as a stressor to invertebrate communities was assessed by evaluating multiple lines of evidence: toxicity predictions based on measured pesticide concentrations, multivariate models and other statistical analyses, and previously published mesocosm experiments. Toxicity predictions using benchmarks and species sensitivity distributions and statistical correlations suggested that pesticides were present at high enough concentrations to adversely affect invertebrate communities at the regional scale. Two undirected techniques-boosted regression tree models and distance-based linear models-identified which pesticides were predictors of (respectively) invertebrate metrics and community composition. To put insecticides in context with known, influential covariates of invertebrate response, generalized additive models were used to identify which individual pesticide(s) were important predictors of invertebrate community condition in each region, after accounting for natural covariates. Four insecticides were identified as stressors to invertebrate communities at the regional scale: bifenthrin, chlordane, fipronil and its degradates, and imidacloprid. Fipronil was particularly important in the Southeast region, and imidacloprid, bifenthrin, and chlordane were important in multiple regions. For imidacloprid, bifenthrin, and fipronil, toxicity predictions were supported by mesocosm experiments that demonstrated adverse effects on naïve aquatic communities when dosed under controlled conditions. These multiple lines of evidence do not prove causality-which is challenging in the field under multistressor conditions-but they make a strong case for the role of insecticides as stressors adversely affecting invertebrate communities in streams within the five sampled regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H Nowell
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, Placer Hall, 6000 J St., Sacramento, CA 95819, USA.
| | - Patrick W Moran
- U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center, 934 Broadway, Suite 300, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Ian R Waite
- U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon Water Science Center, 601 SW 2nd Ave. Suite 1950, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Travis S Schmidt
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center, 3162 Bozeman Ave., Helena, MT 59601, USA
| | - Paul M Bradley
- U.S. Geological Survey, South Atlantic Water Science Center, 720 Gracern Rd., Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210, USA
| | - Barbara J Mahler
- U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754, USA
| | - Peter C Van Metre
- U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754, USA
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He S, Qu Q, Chen X, Zhao L, Jiao Z, Wan Z, Kwok HF, Qu S. Downregulation of Ambra1 by altered DNA methylation exacerbates dopaminergic neuron damage in a fenpropathrin-induced Parkinson-like mouse model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115995. [PMID: 38245935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (Fen), a volatile pyrethroid insecticide, is used widely for agricultural applications and has been reported to increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the molecular basis, underlying mechanisms, and pathophysiology of Fen-exposed Parkinsonism remain unknown. Recent studies have revealed epigenetic mechanisms underlying PD-related pathway regulation, including DNA methylation. Epigenetic mechanisms are potential targets for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative diseases. After whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) of midbrain tissues from a Fen-exposed PD-like mouse model, we performed an association analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression. Then we successfully screened for the DNA methylation differential gene Ambra1, which is closely related to PD. The hypermethylation-low expression Ambra1 gene aggravated DA neuron damage in vitro and in vivo through the Ambra1/Parkin/LC3B-mediated mitophagy pathway. We administered 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) to upregulate Ambra1 expression, thereby reducing Ambra1-mediated mitophagy and protecting DA neurons against Fen-induced damage. In conclusion, these findings elucidate the potential function of Ambra1 under the regulation of DNA methylation, suggesting that the inhibition of DNA methylation may alleviate Fen-exposed neuron damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzhe He
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Department of Clinic Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China
| | - Qi Qu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhigang Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhiting Wan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region 999078, China
| | - Shaogang Qu
- Department of Neurology, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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14
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Bae JW, Hwang JM, Yoon M, Kwon WS. Bifenthrin Diminishes Male Fertility Potential by Inducing Protein Defects in Mouse Sperm. TOXICS 2024; 12:53. [PMID: 38251009 PMCID: PMC10821346 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, bifenthrin, has been commonly used as an effective exterminator, although the rise in its usage has raised concerns regarding its effects on the environment and public health, including reproduction, globally. The current study investigated the function-related molecular disparities and mechanisms in bifenthrin-exposed sperm cells and the underlying mechanism. Therefore, epididymal spermatozoa were released, and various concentrations of bifenthrin were treated (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM) to evaluate their effects on sperm. The findings showed that although bifenthrin had no effect on sperm viability, various other sperm functions (e.g., motility, spontaneous acrosome reaction, and capacitation) related to male fertility were decreased, commencing at a 1 µM treatment. Molecular studies revealed nine differentially expressed sperm proteins that were implicated in motile cilium assembly, sperm structure, and metabolic processes. Furthermore, bifenthrin affected sperm functions through abnormal diminution of the expression of specific sperm proteins. Collectively, these findings provide greater insights into how bifenthrin affects male fertility at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Bae
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.B.); (J.-M.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ju-Mi Hwang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.B.); (J.-M.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Minjung Yoon
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.B.); (J.-M.H.); (M.Y.)
- Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Kwon
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.B.); (J.-M.H.); (M.Y.)
- Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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15
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Li Y, He X, Sun B, Hu N, Li J, You R, Tao F, Fang L, Li Y, Zhai Q. Combined exposure of beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate interferes with the HPO axis through oxidative stress, causing an imbalance of hormone homeostasis in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 123:108502. [PMID: 37984602 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The impact of pesticides on reproductive health has been increasingly recognized. β-cypermethrin (β-CYP) and emamectin benzoate (EMB) are commonly used with agricultural workers. There are few published studies on the effects of combined poisoning of these two pesticides on the reproductive system. This study investigated the toxic effects and mechanism of β-CYP and EMB on the reproductive system of female rats based on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. The hypothalamic GnRH content tended to decrease, and Kiss-1 and GPR-54 mRNA and protein expression tended to increase in exposed rats. FSH content was elevated for the pituitary gland, and Kiss-1 and GPR-54 mRNA and protein expression were enhanced in all experimental groups compared with the control group. E2 content in rat ovaries and ERα mRNA and protein expression were reduced by β-CYP and EMB. Furthermore, there were interactive effects of β-CYP and EMB on FSH and E2 release, pituitary GPR-54 mRNA and protein, and ovarian ERα mRNA expression. To investigate causes of damage, oxidative damage indicators were tested and showed that exposure to β-CYP and EMB decreased GSH-Px and SOD activities in the HPO axis, increased MDA levels in the hypothalamus and ovary together with LDH activities in the HPO axis, with an interaction effect on GSH-Px and SOD activities in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland as well as on MDA in the ovary. The above results support the screening of sensitive molecular biomarkers and evaluation of the adverse effects of pesticide exposure in greenhouse operations on reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xianzhi He
- School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Bin Sun
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Nannan Hu
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jiamin Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Ruolan You
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Feiyan Tao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Lei Fang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neonatology, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang 261011, China.
| | - Qingfeng Zhai
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Xia X, Wang Q, Gurr GM, Vasseur L, Han S, You M. Gut bacteria mediated adaptation of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, to secondary metabolites of host plants. mSystems 2023; 8:e0082623. [PMID: 37909778 PMCID: PMC10734469 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00826-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In this study, we identify an important role of gut bacteria in mediating the adaptation of diamondback moth (DBM) to plant secondary metabolites. We demonstrate that kaempferol's presence in radish seedlings greatly reduces the fitness of DBM with depleted gut biota. Reinstatement of gut biota, particularly Enterobacter sp. EbPXG5, improved insect performance by degrading kaempferol. This bacterium was common in the larval gut of DBM, lining the epithelium as a protective film. Our work highlights the role of symbiotic bacteria in insect herbivore adaptation to plant defenses and provides a practical and mechanistic framework for developing a more comprehensive understanding of insect-gut microbe-host plant co-evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Geoff M. Gurr
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Graham Centre, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Liette Vasseur
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shuncai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Scheepers LD, Freercks R, Merwe EVD. Acute cypermethrin and other pyrethroid poisoning - An organophosphate-like poisoning: A case report and review. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:107-110. [PMID: 38187114 PMCID: PMC10767630 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background South Africa is one of the largest importers of pesticides in Africa. Pesticides play an integral role in food security and ensuring economic survival. Cypermethrin is a type II pyrethroid and is commonly and widely used as an insecticide. Poisoning arises from exposure through inhalation, skin contact or ingestion. Its toxic effects manifest predominantly as neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms. Severe pyrethroid poisonings are rare but can present as an organophosphate-like toxidrome. This poses a diagnostic conundrum. Case report This case concerns a 36-year-old male from a rural town in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, who was diagnosed with intentional cypermethrin poisoning after a suicide attempt. He was initially diagnosed as a suspected organophosphate poisoning with coma. He made a full recovery after mechanical ventilation and symptomatic treatment with a low dose muscarinic antagonist, atropine sulphate. Conclusions With the ease of over-the-counter procurement, cypermethrin and other pyrethroid poisonings pose an increasing diagnostic dilemma to frontline and critical care personnel. This case report intends to raise awareness about the organophosphate-like toxidrome at presentation and the potential complications of high dose atropine treatment, commonly used to treat organophosphate poisoning. The treatment of cypermethrin is largely supportive with dermal decontamination of skin as an essential component. Low dose atropine may be utilized if required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Daniel Scheepers
- Correspondence to: Department of Adult Critical Care, Livingstone Tertiary Hospital, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
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Genchi M, Kramer L, Valentini G, Allievi G, Ciuca L, Vismarra A. Efficacy of topical administration of prallethrin-permethrin-piperonyl butoxide (Bronco® Equine Fly Spray) for the treatment and control of flies and other nuisance insects of horses. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:3139-3145. [PMID: 37921904 PMCID: PMC10667147 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous biting and nuisance insects are a noted cause of discomfort and stress to horses. Pyrethrins and pyrethroids have been used for many years in numerous formulations for the control of insect pests in animals, humans and environment. There are, however, few studies reporting their field efficacy in horses. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the repellent activity of a spray formulation based on prallethrin and permethrin synergized with piperonyl butoxide (BRONCO® Equine Fly Spray, Farnam Companies, Inc., USA) against annoying and harmful insects for horses in field conditions. Nine horses of mixed breed were divided into 2 groups (treatment and control). Pre-treatment insect counts were compared to daily counts for 4 days post-treatment (pt). One minute after the administration of the product (day 0), all the horses were negative for the presence of insects. All counts up to the 6-h pt check remained negative for Hippobosca equina, tabanid flies and Simulium spp., showing 100% efficacy. This remained above 90% throughout the study. For the H. equina, the repellent efficacy remained > 99.7% for all 4 days pt, for tabanid flies > 93.3% and for Simulium spp. > 97.4%. The efficacy against Musca spp. decreased from 82.2% at day 0 to 62.2% at day 3. Treatment was well-tolerated. In conclusion, despite the low number of tested horses, Bronco® has demonstrated high insecticide and repellent efficacy and a good persistence, maintained for up to 4 days post-treatment, against the most common species of insects harmful for horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Genchi
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Parassitologia E Malattie Parassitarie, University of Parma, Via Del Taglio 10, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Kramer
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Parassitologia E Malattie Parassitarie, University of Parma, Via Del Taglio 10, Parma, Italy
| | - Gaia Valentini
- Maneggio Le Chianine Dei Tognoli, Via Castel Dell'Aquila, Gragnola, MS, Italy
| | - Giulia Allievi
- Maneggio Le Chianine Dei Tognoli, Via Castel Dell'Aquila, Gragnola, MS, Italy
| | - Lavinia Ciuca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Della Veterinaria, 1, Naples, Italy
| | - Alice Vismarra
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Parassitologia E Malattie Parassitarie, University of Parma, Via Del Taglio 10, Parma, Italy.
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19
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Silwal P, Adhikari R, Yadav B, Sah SK, Bhatt A, Basnet S. Lambda-cyhalothrin ingestion: an infrequent yet concerning presentation of pyrethroid poisoning. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5250-5254. [PMID: 37811048 PMCID: PMC10553105 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Lambda-cyhalothrin is a type II pyrethroid compound commonly used as a pesticide, with the potential to cause life-threatening toxicity in humans. Furthermore, among cases of pesticide poisoning in Nepal, organophosphates are most frequently implicated. Case presentation A 40-year-old female presented to our hospital after ingesting a pesticide compound with suicidal intent. She also admitted to alcohol intoxication and exhibited symptoms of confusion, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. An atropine challenge test yielded negative results. Therefore, conservative management was continued. It was discovered later that the ingested pesticide was lambda-cyhalothrin. The patient's condition eventually improved with supportive treatment. Clinical discussion Several reports have highlighted the overlapping clinical features between organophosphorus and pyrethroid poisoning. In some cases of pyrethroid poisoning, misdiagnosis as organophosphorus poisoning has occurred, leading to the inappropriate administration of atropine. In our case, initial management was challenging owing to the lack of accurate information about the ingested compound. On further evaluation, cholinergic clinical features were absent and the atropine challenge test was negative. This was suggestive of nonorganophosphorus compound poisoning. Conclusion This case illustrates that managing pesticide poisoning becomes challenging when the nature of the pesticide is unknown. Patients suffering from poisoning caused by pyrethroid compounds like lambda-cyhalothrin can present with features resembling organophosphorus poisoning. In such circumstances, a comprehensive clinical evaluation should guide the management. Clinical features and an atropine challenge test can aid in differentiating organophosphorus from nonorganophosphorus compound poisoning. This distinction facilitates therapeutic decision-making, including the consideration of atropine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ajay Bhatt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Hawaii, USA
| | - Samjhana Basnet
- Department of General Practice and Emergency Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavrepalanchowk, Nepal
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20
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Ding Z, Wu Y, Li F, Jia S, Qi B, Peng Z. DNA-Conjugated Cyclopropane Derivatives Constructed from Sulfonium Ylides with α,β-Unsaturated Ketones. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1523-1527. [PMID: 37589429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a DNA-compatible reaction for the generation of cyclopropane derivatives using thiolides with α,β-unsaturated ketones in the absence of transition metal and N2 protection, which is convenient for DNA encoded library (DEL) construction. This approach allows the rapid and efficient production of a series of DEL libraries of potentially biologically active cyclopropanes and spirocyclopropyl oxindole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobing Ding
- PharmaBlock Sciences (Nanjing), INC., Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yizhou Wu
- PharmaBlock Sciences (Nanjing), INC., Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feifei Li
- PharmaBlock Sciences (Nanjing), INC., Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Siyu Jia
- PharmaBlock Sciences (Nanjing), INC., Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing Qi
- PharmaBlock Sciences (Nanjing), INC., Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zuozhong Peng
- PharmaBlock Sciences (Nanjing), INC., Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu Province, China
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21
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Saputra F, Lai YH, Roldan MJM, Alos HC, Aventurado CA, Vasquez RD, Hsiao CD. The Effect of the Pyrethroid Pesticide Fenpropathrin on the Cardiac Performance of Zebrafish and the Potential Mechanism of Toxicity. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1214. [PMID: 37759613 PMCID: PMC10525504 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, has been widely used for many years in agricultural fields. It works by disturbing the voltage-gated sodium channel, leading to paralysis and the death of the target animal. While past studies have focused on neurodegeneration following fenpropathrin poisoning in humans, relatively few pieces of research have examined its effect on other peripheral organs. This study successfully investigated the potential toxicity of fenpropathrin on the cardiovascular system using zebrafish as an animal model. Zebrafish larvae exposed to varying doses of fenpropathrin underwent an evaluation of cardiac physiology by measuring the heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and shortening fraction. The blood flow velocity and the dorsal aorta diameter were also measured to assess the impact of fenpropathrin exposure on the vascular system. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed to evaluate the pesticide binding affinity to various proteins associated with the cardiovascular system, revealing the potential mechanism of the fenpropathrin cardiotoxic effect. The findings demonstrated a significant dose-dependent increase in the heart rate stroke volume, cardiac output, shortening fraction, and ejection fraction of zebrafish larvae after 24 h of acute treatment with fenpropathrin. Additionally, zebrafish treated at a concentration of 1 ppm exhibited significantly larger blood vessels in diameter and an increased blood flow velocity compared to the control group. According to molecular docking, fenpropathrin showed a high affinity for various voltage-gated sodium channels like scn1lab, cacna1sb, and clcn3. Finally, from the results, we found that fenpropathrin caused cardiomegaly, which may have been induced by the voltage-gated sodium channel disruption. This study highlights the significant disruption of fenpropathrin in the cardiovascular system and emphasizes the need for further research on the health implications of this pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferry Saputra
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Marri Jmelou M. Roldan
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines; (M.J.M.R.); (H.C.A.); (C.A.A.)
| | - Honeymae C. Alos
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines; (M.J.M.R.); (H.C.A.); (C.A.A.)
| | - Charlaine A. Aventurado
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines; (M.J.M.R.); (H.C.A.); (C.A.A.)
| | - Ross D. Vasquez
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines; (M.J.M.R.); (H.C.A.); (C.A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
- Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Aquatic Toxicology and Pharmacology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
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22
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Mohamed AAR, Behairy A, Abd El-Hakim YM, Metwally MMM, Khamis T, Abuzahrah SS, Abdelhamid AE, Alqahtani LS, Essawi WM, Alotaibi BS, Alosaimi M, Ahmed El-Shaer RA, Awad MM, El-Shetry ES. Comparable bio-evaluation of curcumin and chitosan-encapsulated curcumin nanoparticles against the reprotoxic potential of fenpropathrin pyrethroid in rats: Genomic and morphometric prospectives. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113977. [PMID: 37532170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This study delves into the intricate exploration of potential toxic effects resulting from subchronic exposure to fenpropathrin (FNP) on the reproductive system of male SD rats. Adding to the novelty, our study undertakes a pioneering comparison of the effects of curcumin (CUR) and curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CS.CUR.NPs) on these toxic effects. The study involved a cohort of sixty male SD rats (six groups): vehicle control, CUR, Cs.CUR.NPs, FNP, and two combination groups (FNP with CUR or Cs.CUR.NPs). The synthesized Cs.CUR.NPs nanoparticles underwent meticulous characterization using Fourier Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The findings revealed that FNP caused oxidative stress, sperm abnormalities, reduced motility and sperm count FNP decreased serum LH, FSH, 17-β estradiol, and testosterone levels. FNP downregulated the mRNA expression of the spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis-related genes, While, downregulated hypothalamic KISS-1 and KISS-1r expression. Histopathological alterations were assessed and scored. Surprisingly, the treatment with CUR and Cs.CUR.NPs exhibited remarkable restorative effects on semen quality, sex hormone levels, antioxidant capacity, and mRNA expression of the targeted genes. Notably, Cs.CUR.NPs displayed superior properties when compared to CUR. Nevertheless, further research is imperative to evaluate their efficacy across various bodily tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Abd El-Hakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah S Abuzahrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Abdelhamid
- Polymers & Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St. Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23445, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa M Essawi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marwa Mahmoud Awad
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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23
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Chaka B, Osano AM, Wesley ON, Forbes PBC. Seasonal variation in pesticide residue occurrences in surface waters found in Narok and Bomet Counties, Kenya. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1050. [PMID: 37589911 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Narok and Bomet are agricultural counties in Kenya which depend on flowing surface waters for farming activities. Agrochemicals have frequently been used to increase agricultural produce in this region. Occasionally, appropriate pesticide utilization measures are not followed. These surface waters are also consumed domestically by humans, livestock, and wild animals thus posing safety concerns to them. The current study sought to evaluate the levels and nature of pesticide residues found in surface waters in the dry and wet seasons of these counties. Eight water samples were collected in July (dry season) and October (wet season) at four different river sites in each of the two counties predetermined by the agricultural activity of its proximate environs. Pesticides extracted by solid phase extraction were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. At least 38 different pesticides were detected in the two counties with the highest concentration being recorded for chlorpyrifos and piperidine in Narok and Bomet counties, respectively. The pesticides chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, and cyhalothrin were more prevalent in Narok County while triazine, semicarbazone, and epinephrine were more prevalent in Bomet County. There were significantly more pesticides detected during the wet season (P ≤ 0.05). Out of the nine prevalent pesticides detected, four of them posed serious ecotoxicology concerns with risk quotients above 1.0 (high risk); thus, there is a need for more government policy interventions in deterring farming near riparian lands and in training of famers regarding best practice for pesticide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakari Chaka
- Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 861-20500, Narok, Kenya
| | - Aloys M Osano
- Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 861-20500, Narok, Kenya.
| | - Omwoyo N Wesley
- Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 861-20500, Narok, Kenya
| | - Patricia B C Forbes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
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24
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Zardosht Z, Khosravani F, Rezaei S, Ghaderi S, Hassani G. The impact of two insecticides on the pollutant cycle and quality of surface and groundwater resources in the irrigated lands of Yasuj, Iran. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17636. [PMID: 37416676 PMCID: PMC10320300 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the need for food and agricultural development has led to an increase in the use of insecticides. The use of insecticides leads to air, soil and water pollution. This study investigated the pollutant concentration cycle in the environment by analyzing diazinon and deltamethrin in a river and groundwater sources affected by an agricultural area. The samples were analyzed based on the standard method for insecticides in water using a GC-MS. The results showed that the quality of the surface water affected by the agricultural effluents decreased so that the changes of dissolved oxygen, nitrate, turbidity, TOC, BOD, and COD were 15.2%, 189.6%, 00%, 53%, 176%, and 57.5%, respectively. The concentration of diazinon and deltamethrin in agricultural wastewater was 86 μg/L and 11.62 μg/L. The self-treatment capacity of the river reduced the concentration of diazinon in the distance of 2 km and 15 km by 80.8% and 90.3%, respectively. These conditions were observed for deltamethrin in 74.8% and 96.2%, respectively. Also, the concentration of the two insecticides in water resources has temporal and spatial variation. The difference between the maximum and minimum concentration of diazinon and deltamethrin at different times was 183.5 and 1.73, respectively. The concentration of diazinon and deltamethrin in the downstream groundwater of the studied irrigated area was 0.3-0.7 μg/L, respectively. Although the soil structure and the self-purification capacity of the river caused a significant reduction of insecticides, the remained concentration of these pollutants in underground and surface water resources can still be a health and environmental concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zardosht
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Khosravani
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Rezaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Sajad Ghaderi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hassani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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25
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Okagu IU, Okeke ES, Ezeorba WCF, Ndefo JC, Ezeorba TPC. Overhauling the ecotoxicological impact of synthetic pesticides using plants' natural products: a focus on Zanthoxylum metabolites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:67997-68021. [PMID: 37148518 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The reduction in agricultural production due to the negative impact of insects and weeds, as well as the health and economic burden associated with vector-borne diseases, has promoted the wide use of chemicals that control these "enemies." However, the use of these synthetic chemicals has been recognized to elicit negative impacts on the environment as well as the health and wellbeing of man. In this study, we presented an overview of recent updates on the environmental and health impacts of synthetic pesticides against agro-pest and disease vectors while exhaustive reviewing the potentials of natural plant products from Zanthoxylum species (Rutaceae) as sustainable alternatives. This study is expected to spur further research on exploiting these plants and their chemicals as safe and effective pesticide entities to minimize the impact of their chemical and synthetic counterparts on health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Uzochukwu Okagu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
- Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Joseph Chinedum Ndefo
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria.
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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26
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Liang CA, Chang SS, Chen HY, Tsai KF, Lee WC, Wang IK, Chen CY, Liu SH, Weng CH, Huang WH, Hsu CW, Yen TH. Human Poisoning with Methomyl and Cypermethrin Pesticide Mixture. TOXICS 2023; 11:372. [PMID: 37112599 PMCID: PMC10143879 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
There is limited literature analyzing the outcome of human poisoning with methomyl and cypermethrin pesticide mixture. Between 2002 and 2018, a total of 63 patients intoxicated with methomyl, cypermethrin, or their pesticide mixture were treated at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. The patients were categorized into three groups based on the type of pesticide, as methomyl (n = 10), cypermethrin (n = 31), or methomyl and cypermethrin (n = 22). Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and mortality data were obtained for analysis. The patients were aged 54.9 ± 18.9 years. Following ingestion, the patients experienced a wide range of clinical symptoms, including aspiration pneumonia (50.8%), acute respiratory failure (41.3%), acute kidney injury (33.3%), multiple organ failure (19.0%), emesis (19.0%), acute hepatitis (12.7%), diarrhea (7.9%), seizures (4.8%), lacrimation (4.8%), etc. After analysis, it was found that patients with methomyl and cypermethrin poisoning suffered higher incidences of acute respiratory failure (p < 0.001), aspiration pneumonia (p = 0.004), acute kidney injury (p = 0.011), and multiple organ failure (p < 0.001) than the other groups. Laboratory analyses revealed that patients with methomyl and cypermethrin poisoning had a higher creatinine level (p = 0.011), white blood cell count (p < 0.001), and neutrophil count (p = 0.019) than the other groups. A total of seven (11.1%) patients died. The average duration of hospitalization was 9.8 ± 10.0 days. In a multivariate logistic regression model, it was revealed that methomyl pesticide (p = 0.045) or methomyl and cypermethrin pesticide mixture (p = 0.013) were significant risk factors for acute respiratory failure. Nevertheless, no mortality risk factor could be identified. Therefore, the analytical results suggest that methomyl pesticide is the major contributor to the toxicity of methomyl and cypermethrin pesticide mixture poisoning. More research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ang Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Sen Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yi Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Fan Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Weng
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wei Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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27
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Kakati A, Banerjee A, Das P, Saha B, Goyary D, Karmakar S, Kishor S, Bhutia YD, Chattopadhyay P. Development of insecticide-impregnated polyester/cotton blend fabric and assessment of their repellent characteristics against Cimex lectularius and dengue vectors Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:122. [PMID: 37032336 PMCID: PMC10082990 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal protection measures using insecticide-treated fabric is one of the most effective strategies to prevent the bites of hematophagous insects. Many countries have had success treating fabrics with pyrethroids on an individual level. METHODS In the current study, a new combination of insecticides, alpha-cypermethrin (ACP) and deltamethrin (DET), has been impregnated on fabric composed of a 50:50 blend of polyester and cotton. Residual and morphological analysis was performed along with the evaluation of physical parameters. Biological evaluations were performed to check the repellency, knockdown, and mortality of insecticide-impregnated fabric (IIF) against bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) using Petri plate assay and mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) using cone bioassay. RESULTS The results showed the repellency of IIF to be 56.6% for C. lectularius and a knockdown percentage of 53.3% and 63.3% for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, respectively. A > 80% mortality was found for both species of mosquitoes up to 20 cycles of washing with no significant difference (P > 0.05). From high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the reduction in the contents of ACP and DET after subsequent washes can be correlated with the overall decrease in bioefficacy. ACP and DET remaining in unit gram of fabric after 20 wash cycles were found to be 5.4 mg and 3.1 mg, respectively. By examining the fabric's surface morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and utilizing energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis, it was possible to identify the presence of insecticides that were adhered to the fabric. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed distinctive endothermic peak of insecticide at 98.3 ºC, whereas no change in thermal behavior was observed from thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, the physical attributes of IIF provide conclusive evidence for its firmness. CONCLUSION All experimental findings were consistent with the potential use of IIF as a bed bug- and mosquito-repellent fabric to be used against hematophagous infestations. This fabric can serve as a potential strategy to control vector-borne diseases like dengue, malaria, trench fever, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kakati
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Amartya Banerjee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Parikshit Das
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Buddhadeb Saha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Danswrang Goyary
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Sanjeev Karmakar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Sumit Kishor
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Yangchen D Bhutia
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), DRDO, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India.
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Tsakiridis EE, Morrow MR, Desjardins EM, Wang D, Llanos A, Wang B, Wade MG, Morrison KM, Holloway AC, Steinberg GR. Effects of the pesticide deltamethrin on high fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in male mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113763. [PMID: 37030334 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, rates of metabolic diseases are rapidly increasing and environmental exposure to pesticides, pollutants and/or other chemicals may play a role. Reductions in Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, mediated in part by uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), are associated with metabolic diseases. In the current study, we investigated whether the pesticide deltamethrin (0.01-1 mg/kg bw/day) incorporated into a high-fat diet and fed to mice housed at either room temperature (21 °C) or thermoneutrality (29 °C) would suppress BAT activity and accelerate the development of metabolic disease. Importantly, thermoneutrality allows for more accurate modeling of human metabolic disease. We found that, 0.01mg/kg bw/day of deltamethrin induced weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity and increased energy expenditure, effects that were associated with increases in physical activity. In contrast, exposure to 0.1 and 1 mg/kg bw/day deltamethrin had no effect on any of the parameters examined. Deltamethrin treatment in mice did not alter molecular markers of BAT thermogenesis, despite observing suppression of UCP1 expression in cultured brown adipocytes. These data indicate that while deltamethrin inhibits UCP1 expression in vitro, 16wks exposure does not alter BAT thermogenesis markers nor exacerbates the development of obesity and insulin resistance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia E Tsakiridis
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marisa R Morrow
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Eric M Desjardins
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Llanos
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bo Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Michael G Wade
- Environmental Health Science & Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine M Morrison
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Alyasari NKH, Selman WH. L-carnitine-loaded nanoparticle ameliorates cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:147-154. [PMID: 37255872 PMCID: PMC10226707 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_46_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to find out whether L-carnitine-loaded nanoparticle (LCn) could reduce the reproductive toxicity of cypermethrin (CYP), the widely used insecticide in veterinary medicine in male rats. Twenty male Wistar rats that weighed between 210 and 240 g were split into four groups and treated daily for 2 months. The control group was given 0.9% normal saline solution daily. The second group received CYP (3.83 mg/kg b. w. p. o.) daily. The third group was administered with LCn and CYP (50 mg/kg b. wt. p. o. and 3.83 mg/kg b. wt. p. o., respectively) daily, whereas the fourth group received LCn alone (50 mg/kg b. wt. p. o.) daily. On day 60, all rats were sacrificed and samples were collected. CYP-treated animals exhibited inhibition of testicular anti-oxidative stress mechanisms, testicular steroidogenesis enzyme activity (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [3β-HSD] and 17β-HSD), and downregulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) gene expression. In addition, it decreased testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and LH levels and had detrimental consequences for sperm quality. LCn attenuated CYP-induced reproductive toxicity via the alleviation of testicular oxidative stress status, improvement of steroidogenic enzyme activity, and upregulation of StAR gene expression, which are probably responsible for the concomitant improvement in testicular hormonal levels and improvement in sperm properties. Intriguingly, LCn treatment alone could enhance the functions of the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Kadhim Hadi Alyasari
- Department of Soil Science and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Wisam Hussein Selman
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
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Al-Amin HM, Gyawali N, Graham M, Alam MS, Lenhart A, Hugo LE, Rašić G, Beebe NW, Devine GJ. Insecticide resistance compromises the control of Aedes aegypti in Bangladesh. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023. [PMID: 36942761 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With no effective drugs or widely available vaccines, dengue control in Bangladesh is dependent on targeting the primary vector Aedes aegypti with insecticides and larval source management. Despite these interventions, the dengue burden is increasing in Bangladesh, and the country experienced its worst outbreak in 2019 with 101 354 hospitalized cases. This may be partially facilitated by the presence of intense insecticide resistance in vector populations. Here, we describe the intensity and mechanisms of resistance to insecticides commonly deployed against Ae. aegypti in Dhaka, Bangladesh. RESULTS Dhaka Ae. aegypti colonies exhibited high-intensity resistance to pyrethroids. Using CDC bottle assays, we recorded 2-24% mortality (recorded at 24 h) to permethrin and 48-94% mortality to deltamethrin, at 10× the diagnostic dose. Bioassays conducted using insecticide-synergist combinations suggested that metabolic mechanisms were contributing to pyrethroid resistance, specifically multi-function oxidases, esterases, and glutathione S-transferases. In addition, kdr alleles were detected, with a high frequency (78-98%) of homozygotes for the V1016G mutation. A large proportion (≤ 74%) of free-flying and resting mosquitoes from Dhaka colonies survived exposure to standard applications of pyrethroid aerosols in an experimental free-flight room. Although that exposure affected the immediate host-seeking behavior of Ae. aegypti, the effect was transient in surviving mosquitoes. CONCLUSION The intense resistance characterized in this study is likely compromising the operational effectiveness of pyrethroids against Ae. aegypti in Dhaka. Switching to alternative chemical classes may offer a medium-term solution, but ultimately a more sustainable and effective approach to controlling dengue vectors is required. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Mohammad Al-Amin
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Narayan Gyawali
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melissa Graham
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mohammad Shafiul Alam
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Audrey Lenhart
- Entomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Leon E Hugo
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gordana Rašić
- Mosquito Genomics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nigel W Beebe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- CSIRO, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregor J Devine
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Neuroprotective Effects of Nano-Curcumin against Cypermethrin Associated Oxidative Stress and Up-Regulation of Apoptotic and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Rat Brains. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030644. [PMID: 36978892 PMCID: PMC10045852 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CPM) is the most toxic synthetic pyrethroid that has established neurotoxicity through oxidative stress and neurochemical agitation in experimental rats. The toxic effects are supposed to be mediated by modifying the sodium channels, reducing Na-K ATPase, acetylcholine esterase (AchE), and monoamine oxidase (MAO). The use of curcumin nanoparticles (NC) that have potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties with improved bioavailability attenuates neurotoxicity in rat brains. To test this hypothesis, animals were divided into five groups, each having six animals. Group-I control received vehicle only, while Group-II was treated with 50 mg/kg CPM. Group-III and Group-IV received both CPM and NC 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Group-V received 5 mg of NC alone. The CPM and NC were given by oral route. Afterwards, brain antioxidant status was measured by assessing lipid peroxidation (LPO), 4-HNE, glutathione reduced (GSH), antioxidant enzyme catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with neurotoxicity markers Na-K ATPase, AchE, and MAO. Inflammation and apoptosis indices were estimated by ELISA, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry, while morphologic changes were examined by histopathology. Observations from the study confirmed CPM-induced neurotoxicity by altering Na-K ATPase, AchE, and MAO, and by decreasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and GSH. Oxidative stress marker LPO and the level of inflammatory interleukins IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were notably high, and elevated expressions of Bax, NF-kB, and caspase-3 and -9 were reported in CPM group. However, NC treatment against CPM offers protection by improving antioxidant status and lowering LPO, inflammation, and apoptosis. The neurotoxicity marker’s enzyme successfully attenuated after NC treatment. Therefore, this study supports the administration of NC effectively ameliorated CPM-induced neurotoxicity in experimental rats.
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Liu K, Ma S, Zhang K, Gao R, Jin H, Cao P, Yuchi Z, Wu S. Functional Characterization of Knockdown Resistance Mutation L1014S in the German Cockroach, Blattella germanica (Linnaeus). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2734-2744. [PMID: 36701428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of pyrethroid insecticides is seriously threatened by knockdown resistance (kdr), which is induced in insects by inherited single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene. VGSC's L1014F substitution results in the classic kdr mutation, which is found in many pest species. Other substitutions of the L1014 locus, such as L1014S, L1014C, L1014W, and L1014H, were also reported. In 2022, a new amino acid substitute L1014S of Blattella germanica was first discovered in China. We modified the BgNav1-1 sodium channel from cockroaches with the L1014S mutation to study how pyrethroid sensitivity and channel gating were affected in Xenopus oocytes. The L1014S mutation reduced the half-maximal activation voltage (V1/2,act) from -19.0 (wild type) to -15.5 mV while maintaining the voltage dependency of activation. Moreover, the voltage dependence of inactivation in the hyperpolarizing shifts from -48.3 (wild type) to -50.9 mV. However, compared with wild type, the mutation L1014S did not cause a significant shift in the half activation voltage (V1/2,act). Notably, the voltage dependency of activation was unaffected greatly by the L1014S mutation. Tail currents are induced by two types of pyrethroids (1 μM): type I (permethrin, bifenthrin) and type II (deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin). All four pyrethroids produced tail currents, and significant differences were found in the percentages of channel modifications between variants and wild types. Further computer modeling showed that the L1014S mutation allosterically modifies pyrethroid binding and action on B. germanica VGSC, with some residues playing a critical role in pyrethroid binding. This study elucidated the pyrethroid resistance mechanism of B. germanica and predicted the residues that may confer the risk of pyrethroid resistance, providing a molecular basis for understanding the resistance mechanisms conferred by mutations at the 1014 site in VGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyang Liu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya572024, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
| | - Shuyue Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin30072, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya572024, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
| | - Ruibo Gao
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya572024, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
| | - Haifeng Jin
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya572024, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin30072, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya572024, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
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Dardiotis E, Skouras P, Varvarelis OP, Aloizou AM, Hernández AF, Liampas I, Rikos D, Dastamani M, Golokhvast KS, Bogdanos DP, Tsatsakis A, Siokas V, Mitsias PD, Hadjigeorgiou GM. Pesticides and tremor: An overview of association, mechanisms and confounders. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115442. [PMID: 36758916 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are a heterogeneous class of chemicals mainly used for the protection of crops from pests. Because of their very widespread use, acute or/and chronic exposure to these chemicals can lead to a plethora of sequelae inflicting diseases, many of which involve the nervous system. Tremor has been associated with pesticide exposure in human and animal studies. This review is aimed at assessing the studies currently available on the association between the various types of pesticides/insecticides and tremor, while also accounting for potential confounding factors. To our knowledge, this is the first coherent review on the subject. After appraising the available evidence, we call for more intensive research on this topic, as well as intonate the need of implementing future preventive measures to protect the exposed populations and to reduce potential disabilities and social drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Skouras
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Orfeas-Petros Varvarelis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain; Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rikos
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Metaxia Dastamani
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Kirill S Golokhvast
- Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology RAS, Krasnoobsk, Russia, 630501
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Panayiotis D Mitsias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Raposo-Garcia S, Costas C, Louzao MC, Vale C, Botana LM. Synergistic effect of environmental food pollutants: Pesticides and marine biotoxins. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160111. [PMID: 36370778 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Emerging marine biotoxins such as ciguatoxins and pyrethroid compounds, widely used in agriculture, are independently treated as environmental toxicants. Their maximum residue levels in food components are set without considering their possible synergistic effects as consequence of their interaction with the same cellular target. There is an absolute lack of data on the possible combined cellular effects that biological and chemical pollutants, may have. Nowadays, an increasing presence of ciguatoxins in European Coasts has been reported and these toxins can affect human health. Similarly, the increasing use of phytosanitary products for control of food plagues has raised exponentially during the last decades due to climate change. The lack of data and regulation evaluating the combined effect of environmental pollutants with the same molecular target led us to analyse their in vitro effects. In this work, the effects of ciguatoxins and pyrethroids in human sodium channels were investigated. The results presented in this study indicate that both types of compounds have a profound synergistic effect in voltage-dependent sodium channels. These food pollutants act by decreasing the maximum peak inward sodium currents and hyperpolarizing the sodium channels activation, effects that are boosted by the simultaneous presence of both compounds. A fact that highlights the need to re-evaluate their limits in feedstock as well as their potential in vivo toxicity considering that they act on the same cellular target. Moreover, this work sets the cellular basis to further apply this type of studies to other water and food pollutants that may act synergistically and thus implement the corresponding regulatory limits taking into account its presence in a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Raposo-Garcia
- Departamento de Farmacologı́a, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Celia Costas
- Departamento de Farmacologı́a, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - M Carmen Louzao
- Departamento de Farmacologı́a, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Carmen Vale
- Departamento de Farmacologı́a, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacologı́a, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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Guo YC, Chiu KW, Chein RJ. (Thiolan-2-yl)diphenylmethanol Benzyl Ether-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Chalcones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:559-572. [PMID: 36541794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We devised a new method for asymmetric cyclopropanation by employing (S)-(thiolan-2-yl)diphenylmethanol benzyl ether as an organocatalyst. Under optimal conditions, an in situ generated sulfur ylide reacts with (E)-chalcones via a Johnson-Corey-Chaykovsky reaction to afford a variety of cyclopropanes in excellent yields and stereoselectivities. This strategy employs low-environmental-risk reaction conditions and reusable catalysts. Hence, it is a green and efficient method for constructing cyclopropane scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Wei Chiu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jie Chein
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Jensen L, Schaal NC, English J, Dunford J, Stubner AH. Assessment of Dermal and Inhalation Exposure to Permethrin During Field Treatment of Military Uniforms. Mil Med 2023; 188:e228-e234. [PMID: 34117491 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Permethrin is a common pesticide spray-applied to civilian clothing and military uniforms for protection against biting arthropods in an effort to reduce risks to arthropod-borne diseases. During mass clothing spray events, exposure is possible through the dermal, inhalation, and ingestion routes. The potentially exposed population during a spray event includes the pesticide applicator(s) and working party (personnel who handle clothing/uniforms by positioning on the ground, flipping, and removing after spraying is complete). Previous investigation is limited regarding permethrin exposure via multiple routes of entry. Additionally, most exposure assessments are limited to pesticide applicators rather than working party that support applicator personnel. The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a multi-route exposure assessment for all personnel normally participating in mass permethrin military uniform treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protocol and Informed Consent Document were approved by the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) Institutional Review Board (IRB) before fieldwork initiation (IRB number: USUHS.2019-032). Sampling occurred during routine spray events performed by 14 U.S. Navy personnel (3 applicators and 11 working party) over 2 days. Personal exposures were measured with dermal sampling, and airborne concentrations were measured with area air sampling. Permethrin area air sampling and analysis were conducted using OSHA Versatile Sampler-2 sampling media (n = 36). Dermal exposure was measured using dosimeter gloves (n = 26) and a dermal patch (n = 26) worn by study participants. RESULTS All air samples were reported below the 0.4 µg limit of quantification. Glove sample results ranged from 45 to 120,000 µg and patch results ranged from 0.57 to 45 µg. A repeated-measures ANOVA showed non-statistically significant differences in dermal concentrations (P-value = .8340) between the applicators and working party in patches and gloves. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest dermal contact is the primary route of exposure compared to inhalation when mass spraying clothing with permethrin. Similar dermal exposures between these two occupations may necessitate reconsidering risk assessment procedures, training and personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements for mass spray uniform treatments. Specifically, while PPE requirements for applicators are highly regulated by the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and include items such as Tyvek suits, chemical protective gloves, and air-purifying respirators, PPE was not regulated for working party personnel before this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnea Jensen
- Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, USUHS Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - N Cody Schaal
- Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, USUHS Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.,Environmental Health Effects Laboratory, NAMRU-D Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA
| | - James English
- Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, USUHS Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - James Dunford
- Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, USUHS Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Alex H Stubner
- Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, USUHS Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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Emert AD, Subbiah S, Green FB, Griffis-Kyle K, Smith PN. Atmospheric deposition of particulate matter from beef cattle feedlots is a likely contributor of pyrethroid occurrence in isolated wetland sediment: Source apportionment and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120493. [PMID: 36332705 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Industrial cattle feeding operations (feedlots) have been subject to public scrutiny in recent decades regarding environmental impacts of site runoff and aerial dispersion of agrochemical-laden particulate matter (PM). However, source apportionment of multi-use pesticides is challenging in mixed agricultural settings. Beef cattle on feed and row crop production are heavily concentrated in the Southern Great Plains of North America, where playa wetlands are vulnerable to agrochemical inputs and sedimentation from surrounding land use. In the current study, playa basin sediment (n = 33) was analyzed via UHPLC-MS for 21 agrochemicals spanning eight classes (macrocyclic lactones, neonicotinoids, organophosphates, pyrethroids, triazoles, β-methoxyacrylates, a carboximide, and phenylpyrazole). Pyrethroids were detected most frequently (75.8% of basins). Sediment pyrethroid concentrations were also significantly correlated (R2 = 0.178, p = 0.007) with feedlot proximity (<1-50 km). Principal component analysis (PCA) of land use metrics extracted three principal components (74.3% of total variance), with principal component regression (PCR) showing the greatest agrochemical occurrence in basins heavily weighted by cropland buffer acreage (≤1 km) and feedlot proximity. Sediment toxicity benchmarks protective of two benthic invertebrates (Hyallela azteca and Chironomus spp.) identified λ-cyhalothrin, fenvalerate, and esfenvalerate as individual compounds exceeding levels of acute (RQ > 0.5) and chronic (RQ > 1) concern in >5% and >50% of cases, respectively. However, additive toxicity of co-occurring pyrethroids represents an acute high risk (RI > 1; median RI; acute = 2.4, chronic = 38.6) to benthic invertebrates in >75% of cases, which may threaten higher-order wetland taxa via bioaccumulation and trophic transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda D Emert
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Seenivasan Subbiah
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Frank B Green
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kerry Griffis-Kyle
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Philip N Smith
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Li HR, Fu XH, Song LL, Cen MQ, Wu J. Association between pyrethroid exposure and risk of depressive symptoms in the general US adults. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:685-698. [PMID: 35904735 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between pyrethroid exposure and the risk of depressive symptoms in adults in the USA. Data of participants aged ≥20 years (n = 6455) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007-2014) were included. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), an adequately detected pyrethroid metabolite, was used as a biomarker to assess pyrethroid exposure. Depressive symptoms were defined as the Patient's Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) total score ≥10 or use of antidepressant. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between urinary 3-PBA levels and the risk of depressive symptoms. In this study, 1150 participants (weighted frequency, 18.45%) developed depressive symptoms. Participants in the highest tertile have a higher risk of depressive symptoms than those in the lowest tertile of urinary 3-PBA and weighted OR of 1.28 (95% CI, 1.00-1.63, P=0.019). There was a nonlinear association between urinary 3-PBA and depressive symptoms (P for nonlinearity = 0.034). Mediation analysis showed the mediating effect of trouble sleeping on the association of urinary 3-PBA with depressive symptoms was 28.8% (P = 0.006). Our findings indicate that pyrethroid exposure is associated with the increased risk of depressive symptoms, and trouble sleeping may mediated this association. Further studies should be conducted to validate our findings and elucidate their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ru Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xi-Hang Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling-Ling Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Man-Qiu Cen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Magnetic Composite Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Deep Eutectic Solvents: Preparation and Its Application for the Determination of Pyrethroids in Tea Drinks. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010008. [PMID: 36613223 PMCID: PMC9818387 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel composite material prepared by using deep eutectic solvent (tetrabutylammonium chloride-dodecanol, DES5) functionalized magnetic MWCNTs-ZIF-8 (MM/ZIF-8@DES5) was employed as an adsorbent for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of six pyrethroids from tea drinks. The characterization results show that MM/ZIF-8@DES5 possessed sufficient specific surface area and superparamagnetism, which could facilitate the rapid enrichment of pyrethroids from tea drink samples. The results of the optimization experiment indicated that DES5, which comprised tetrabutylammonium chloride and 1-dodecanol, was selected for the next experiment and that the adsorption properties of MM/ZIF-8@DES5 were higher than those of MM/ZIF-8 and M-MWCNTs. The validation results show that the method has a wide linear range (0.5-400 μg L-1, R2 ≥ 0.9905), low LOD (0.08-0.33 μg L-1), and good precision (intra-day RSD ≤ 5.6%, inter-day RSD ≤ 8.6%). The method was successfully applied to the determination of pyrethroids in three tea drink samples.
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Lam SY, Lau HL, Kwok CK. Capture-SELEX: Selection Strategy, Aptamer Identification, and Biosensing Application. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1142. [PMID: 36551109 PMCID: PMC9776347 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule contaminants, such as antibiotics, pesticides, and plasticizers, have emerged as one of the substances most detrimental to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to develop low-cost, user-friendly, and portable biosensors capable of rapidly detecting these contaminants. Antibodies have traditionally been used as biorecognition elements. However, aptamers have recently been applied as biorecognition elements in aptamer-based biosensors, also known as aptasensors. The systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is an in vitro technique used to generate aptamers that bind their targets with high affinity and specificity. Over the past decade, a modified SELEX method known as Capture-SELEX has been widely used to generate DNA or RNA aptamers that bind small molecules. In this review, we summarize the recent strategies used for Capture-SELEX, describe the methods commonly used for detecting and characterizing small-molecule-aptamer interactions, and discuss the development of aptamer-based biosensors for various applications. We also discuss the challenges of the Capture-SELEX platform and biosensor development and the possibilities for their future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yu Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hill Lam Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Chun Kit Kwok
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Hassan ZU, Abbas Z, Bakht K, Ayoub MH, Ahmad S, Khan AM, Farooq U, Khan MS, Shaikh AJ. Dynamic light scattering and zeta-potential as a tool for understanding the mechanism of pesticides binding toward individual components of transition metal nanoparticles and graphene oxide hybrids. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:932-947. [PMID: 36469565 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2147348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides present in their commercial formulations are studied for their preferable binding toward carbon-based graphene oxide (GO) or transition metal nanoparticles (Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu), present as hybrids. This simple study also reveals the mechanism of interaction of few selected different classes of pesticides, namely, λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and metsulfuron-methyl toward these hybrids. Individually, to study this comparative binding when hybrids are not used, the understanding of preferred binding toward any of these selected compounds could be challenging, costly, and time-consuming. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is used to study the changes observed for hydrodynamic radius and zeta potential for the stability of the resulting products. This simple method can also be extended to identify the binding mechanism for other diverse set of combinations. These studies are supported by binding of GO with nanoparticles in batch adsorption and the best fit using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms is presented. Moreover, pesticide adsorption toward GO-nanoparticle composites is also evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ul Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Zameer Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Khush Bakht
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Shehryar Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Asad Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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Roggeman M, Gys C, Klimowska A, Bastiaensen M, Wielgomas B, Ait Bamai Y, Covaci A. Reviewing the variability in urinary concentrations of non-persistent organic chemicals: evaluation across classes, sampling strategies and dilution corrections. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114332. [PMID: 36116496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various biomonitoring studies have been carried out to investigate the exposure of populations by measuring non-persistent organic chemicals in urine. To accurately assess the exposure, study designs should be carefully developed to maximise reproducibility and achieve good characterization of the temporal variability. To test these parameters, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) are calculated from repeated measurements and range from poor (<0.4) to excellent (≥0.75). Several studies have reported ICCs based on diverse study designs, but an overview, including recommendations for future studies, was lacking. Therefore, this review aimed to collect studies describing ICCs of non-persistent organic chemicals, discuss variations due to study design and formulate recommendations for future studies. More than 60 studies were selected, considering various chemical classes: bisphenols, pyrethroids, parabens, phthalates, alternative plasticizers and phosphate flame retardants. The variation in ICCs for an individual chemical was high (e.g. ICC of propyl paraben = 0.28-0.91), showing the large impact of the study design and of the specific exposure sources. The highest ICCs were reported for parabens (median = 0.52), while lowest ICCs were for 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (median = 0.08) and bisphenol A (median = 0.20). Overall, chemicals that had an exposure source with high variation, such as the diet, showed lower ICCs than those with more stable exposure sources, such as indoor materials. Urine correction by specific gravity had an overall positive effect on reducing the variability of ICCs. However, this effect was mostly seen in the adult population, while specific compounds showed less variation with creatinine correction. Single samples might not accurately capture the exposure to most non-persistent organic chemicals, especially when small populations are sampled. Future studies that examine compounds with low ICCs should take adequate measures to improve accuracy, such as correcting dilution with specific gravity or collecting multiple samples for one participant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Roggeman
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Celine Gys
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Anna Klimowska
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium; Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, Gdańsk, 80-416, Poland
| | - Michiel Bastiaensen
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Bartosz Wielgomas
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, Gdańsk, 80-416, Poland
| | - Yu Ait Bamai
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium; Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Taneja R, Kaur N, Mehmi P. Management of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Poisoning in a North Indian Healthcare Setup: A Rare Case. Cureus 2022; 14:e32746. [PMID: 36686108 PMCID: PMC9851568 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural product (insecticides and pesticides) poisoning is common in the rural Indian setup, and in most cases, it occurs due to suicidal attempts rather than accidental intake. Furthermore, most cases of agrochemical poisoning are organophosphate poisoning rather than other less commonly used pesticides. Lambda-cyhalothrin is a less commonly used insecticide in India, and there have been a few instances in the literature where lambda-cyhalothrin poisoning and its subsequent management have been described. In this case report, we describe accidental lambda-cyhalothrin poisoning in a 26-year-old female and its management at our center.
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Lin MH, Lin JF, Yu MC, Wu SN, Wu CL, Cho HY. Characterization in Potent Modulation on Voltage-Gated Na + Current Exerted by Deltamethrin, a Pyrethroid Insecticide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314733. [PMID: 36499059 PMCID: PMC9737322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DLT) is a type-II pyrethroid ester insecticide used in agricultural and domestic applications as well as in public health. However, transmembrane ionic channels perturbed by this compound remain largely unclear, although the agent is thought to alter the gating characteristics of voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) channel current. In this study, we reappraised whether and how it and other related compounds can make any further modifications on voltage-gated Na+ current (INa) in pituitary tumor (GH3) cells. Cell exposure to DLT produced a differential and dose-dependent stimulation of peak (transient, INa(T)) or sustained (late, INa(L)) INa; consequently, the EC50 value required for DLT-stimulated INa(T) or INa(L) was determined to be 11.2 or 2.5 μM, respectively. However, neither the fast nor slow component in the inactivation time constant of INa(T) activated by short depolarizing pulse was changed with the DLT presence; conversely, tefluthrin (Tef), a type-I pyrethroid insecticide, can accentuate INa with a slowing in inactivation time course of the current. The INa(L) augmented by DLT was attenuated by further application of either dapagliflozin (Dapa) or amiloride, but not by chlorotoxin. During pulse train (PT) stimulation, with the Tef or DLT presence, the cumulative inhibition of INa(T) became slowed; moreover, following PT stimuli, a large tail current with a slowly recovering process was observed. Alternatively, during rapid depolarizing pulse, the amplitude of INa(L) and tail INa (INa(Tail)) for each depolarizing pulse became progressively increased by adding DLT, not by Tef. The recovery time constant following PT stimulation with continued presence of Tef or DLT was shortened by further addition of Dapa. The voltage-dependent hysteresis (Hys(V)) of persistent INa was differentially augmented by Tef or DLT. Taken together, the magnitude, gating, frequency dependence, as well as Hys(V) behavior of INa exerted by the presence of DLT or Tef might exert a synergistic impact on varying functional activities of excitable cells in culture or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hsun Lin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Feng Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Cheng Yu
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Wu
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-2353535-5334; Fax: 886-6-2362780
| | - Chao-Liang Wu
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yen Cho
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Muhammad M, Khan S, Rahim G, Alharbi W, Alharbi KH. Highly selective and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for determination of cypermethrin in different environmental samples. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:890. [PMID: 36241946 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive, selective, and simple spectrofluorimetric method for the detection and determination of cypermethrin (CYP) in various samples based on thioglycolic acid-caped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (TGA@Mn-ZnS-QDs) is reported. These quantum dots were synthesized using the Gonzalez method. The synthesized quantum dots were structurally characterized with the help of different spectroscopic techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques and fluorescence spectroscopy. The quantum dots were used for spectrofluorimetric detection and determination of CYP. The emission peak of these quantum dots at 632 nm showed a linear quenching with increasing the concentration of CYP, noticing an excellent linear relationship between F°/F values and CYP in the range of 0.5-12 µg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.992. The influence of different physiochemical parameters such as time, pH, the concentration of quantum dots, and other pesticides interference on the fluorescence quenching was investigated. The detection limit was calculated to be 0.132 µg mL-1. The developed method was successfully applied for the detection and determination of CYP in various spiked samples (tomato, okra, pea, spinach, soil, and water) using the spike and recovery methods. The percent recoveries of CYP from these samples were found to be 77 ± 0.05% to 95 ± 0.12% at various levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Sikandar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Gul Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Walaa Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah H Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
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Wan F, Yu T, Hu J, Yin S, Li Y, Kou L, Chi X, Wu J, Sun Y, Zhou Q, Zou W, Zhang Z, Wang T. The pyrethroids metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid induces dopaminergic degeneration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156027. [PMID: 35605864 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pyrethroids, a significant class of the most widely used agricultural chemicals, has been associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, although many different pyrethroids induce roughly the same symptoms of Parkinsonism, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To find the shared key features among these mechanisms, we focused on 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a common and prominent metabolite of most pyrethroids produced via hydrolysis by CEs in mammals. To determine the contribution of 3-PBA to the initiation and progression of PD, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively, and found that 3-PBA not only accumulates in murine brain tissues over time but also further induces PD-like pathologies (increased α-syn and phospho-S129, decreased TH) to the same or even greater extent than the precursor pyrethroid. A before-after study of PET-DAT in the same mice revealed that low concentrations of 3-PBA (0.5 mg/kg) could paradoxically cause DAT to increase (22.46% higher than pre-drug test). The intervention of DAT inhibitors and activators respectively alleviated and enhanced the dopaminergic toxicity of 3-PBA, indicating that 3-PBA interacts with DAT. In particular, low concentrations of 3-PBA increase the DAT, which in turn induces 3-PBA to enter the dopaminergic neurons to exert toxic effects. Finally, we described a mechanism underlying this potential role of 3-PBA in the pathological aggregation of α-syn. Specifically, 3-PBA was found to dysregulate C/EBP β levels and further anomalously activate AEP in vivo and in vitro, accompanied by increased accumulation of pathologically cleaved α-syn (N103 fragments) and accelerated α-syn aggregation. All these results suggest that 3-PBA exposure could mimic the pathological and pathogenetic features of PD, showing that this metabolite is a key pathogenic compound in pyrethroid-related pathological effects and a possible dopamine neurotoxin. Additionally, our findings provide a crucial reference for the primary prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wan
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijia Yin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunna Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Kou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaosa Chi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yadi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiulu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenkai Zou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Castillo G, Barrios-Arpi L, Ramos-Gonzalez M, Vidal P, Gonzales-Irribarren A, Ramos-Cevallos N, Rodríguez JL. Neurotoxicity associated with oxidative stress and inflammasome gene expression induced by allethrin in SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:777-788. [PMID: 36074087 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221089585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pyrethroids, including allethrin, have largely been used as commercial insecticides. The toxicity of allethrin is little known, but it is assumed that, as occurs with other pyrethroids, it could cause alterations of the nervous system and pose both occupational and non-occupational health hazards. To evaluate the neurotoxicity of allethrin we used the MTT assay of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to determine cell viability. Dose-dependent reductions of cell viability served to compare the vehicle-group and the IC50 for allethrin, which was 49.19 μM. ROS production increased significantly at concentrations of 10-200 μM of allethrin, and NO levels were significantly increased by the effect of allethrin at a minimum concentration of 50 μM. Lipid peroxidation increased by the effect of allethrin at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM. Caspase 3/7 activity was induced by allethrin concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μM. Here, we suggest that allethrin might affect the inflammasome complex (Caspase-1, NLRP3, and PYDC1) and apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2) gene expression by mRNA fold change expression levels shown in Caspase-1 (2.46-fold), NLRP3 (1.57-fold), PYDC1 (1.48-fold), and Bax (2.1-fold). These results demonstrated that allethrin induced neurotoxicity effects on SH-SY5Y cells through activation of inflammasome pathways, cell death, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Castillo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Research Institute Juan de Dios Guevara, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Barrios-Arpi
- Animal Phisiology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Mariella Ramos-Gonzalez
- Zootechnics and Animal Production Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Paola Vidal
- Animal Phisiology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Alejandro Gonzales-Irribarren
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Norma Ramos-Cevallos
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Research Institute Juan de Dios Guevara, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - José-Luis Rodríguez
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 33209Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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48
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Wang X, Li H, Wang S, Martínez MA, Ares I, Martínez M, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Maximiliano JE. Tefluthrin: metabolism, food residues, toxicity, and mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:664-680. [PMID: 36625435 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2143320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tefluthrin is a Type I pyrethroid insecticide widely used all over the world. Residues of tefluthrin in various agricultural and animal-derived products may be related to potential human health risks. Tefluthrin metabolism in mammals involves hydrolysis of the ester bond to form cyclopropane acid and 4-methylbenzyl alcohol moieties, followed by oxidation. In this review manuscript, we provide crucial information regarding the toxicity of pyrethroids and propose natural antioxidants for amelioration poisoning in humans and animals. We call for the rational use of tefluthrin as an agrochemical product and for greater attention to the residual toxicity caused by tefluthrin in primary and succeeding crops. This greater attention is required given the global use of tefluthrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, PR China
| | - Houpeng Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, PR China
| | - Simeng Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, PR China
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain.,MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge-Enrique Maximiliano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
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Aoiadni N, Chiab N, Jdidi H, Gargouri Bouzid R, El Feki A, Fetoui H, Ghorbel Koubaa F. The pyrethroid insecticide permethrin confers hepatotoxicity through DNA damage and mitochondria-associated apoptosis induction in rat: Palliative benefits of Fumaria officinalis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23172. [PMID: 35861702 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Permethrin (PER) is a pyrethroid pesticide that is extensively used as an insecticide in world because of its high activity and its low mammalian toxicity. The current study was conducted to investigate the protective action of Fumaria officinalis against PER-induced liver injury in male rats. However, HPLC-DAD showed the richness of 6 components in F. officinalis (F) including quercetin, ferulic acid, and naringenin which were the most abundant. Total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins were studied by phytochemical screening. In vitro, antioxidant properties showed that F. officinalis exhibited the highest DPPH radical, FRAP, and H2 O2 tests and total antioxidant capacity. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: negative control group (C), positive control group (F) (200 mg F. officinalis/kg BW), PER group (34.05 mg permethrin/kg BW), and PER + F group (34.05 mg permethrin/kg BW and 200 mg F. officinalis/kg BW). Oral administration of PER led to promote a decrease of body weight and Ca2+ -ATPases and Mg2+ -ATPases activities and an increase of plasma C-reactive protein level, transaminases, and hepatic ϒ-GT activities as well as hepatic and mitochondrial oxidative stress. An increase in plasma lactate-to pyruvate ratio and a reduction in complexes enzymes I, III, and IV activities were also observed. In addition, histoarchitecture of liver in PER-treated rats showed apoptosis and necrosis as confirmed by DNA fragmentation. F. officinalis significantly exerted hepatoprotective effect by modulating hepatic alteration and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as genotoxicity. This effect could be attributed to phenolics compounds such as polyphenols, condensed tannins, and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissaf Aoiadni
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nour Chiab
- Laboratory of Plant improvement and Agri-Resources Valorization, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Jdidi
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Radhia Gargouri Bouzid
- Laboratory of Plant improvement and Agri-Resources Valorization, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LR17ES06), Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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50
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Singh S, Mukherjee A, Jaiswal DK, de Araujo Pereira AP, Prasad R, Sharma M, Kuhad RC, Shukla AC, Verma JP. Advances and future prospects of pyrethroids: Toxicity and microbial degradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154561. [PMID: 35296421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides structurally similar to that of natural pyrethrins. The application of pyrethrins in agriculture and pest control lead to many kinds of environmental pollution affecting human health and loss of soil microbial population that affect soil fertility and health. Natural pyrethrins have been used since ancient times as insect repellers, and their synthetic versions especially type 2 pyrethroids could be highly toxic to humans. PBO (Piperonyl butoxide) is known to enhance the toxicity of prallethrin in humans due to the resistance in its metabolic degradation. Pyrethroids are also known to cause plasma biochemical profile changes in humans and they also lead to the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species. Further they are also known to increase SGPT activity in humans. Due to the toxicity of pyrethrins in water bodies, soils, and food products, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable approaches to reduce their levels in the respective fields, which are eco-friendly, economically viable, and socially acceptable for on-site remediation. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to analyse the advances and prospects in using pyrethrins and possible technologies to control their harmful effects. The pyrethroid types, composition and biochemistry of necessary pyrethroid insecticides have been discussed in detail, in the research paper, along with their effect on insects and humans. It also covers the impact of pyrethroids on different plants and soil microbial flora. The second part deals with the microbial degradation of the pyrethroids through different modes, i.e., bioaugmentation and biostimulation. Many microbes such as Acremonium, Aspergillus, Microsphaeropsis, Westerdykella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus have been used in the individual form for the degradation of pyrethroids, while some of them such as Bacillus are even used in the form of consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Singh
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arpan Mukherjee
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | | | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, East Champaran, 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 793101, India; Laboratoire de "Chimie verte et Produits Biobasés", Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut- Condorcet, Département AgroBioscience et Chimie, 11, Rue de la Sucrerie, 7800 ATH, Belgium
| | - Ramesh Chander Kuhad
- Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | | | - Jay Prakash Verma
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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