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Suwannasung K, Kanokkantapong V, Wongkiew S. Modified air-Fenton with MIL-88A for chemical oxygen demand treatment in used coolant oil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105429-105439. [PMID: 37715905 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Coolant oil from auto part manufacturing contains additives resulting in high chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater. In this study, COD treatment of coolant oil was investigated in a metal-organic framework (MOF) with MIL-88A by a modified air-Fenton (MAF) process by varying synthetic coolant oil concentrations (1-5%), pH (3-9), air-flow rate (1-2 L/min), amount of MIL-88A (0.2-1.0 g), and reaction time (30-180 min). The results were analyzed using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) using Minitab ver. 19. The characteristic MIL-88A was characterized by XRD that showed a spindle-like shape with 2θ at 10.2° and 13.0°. The FTIR spectrum revealed the vibrational frequencies at Fe-O (564 cm-1), C-O (1391 and 1600 cm-1), and C = O (1216 and 1710 cm-1). The optimum treatment efficiency was studied from 30 CCD conditions in the presence of coolant oil (5%, COD ~ 132,000 mg/L), pH (9), air flow rate (2 L/min), and MIL-88A (1 g) within 177 min. The results obtained from the experiment and the COD prediction were found to be 92.64% and 93.45%, respectively. The main mechanism of iron(III) in MIL-88A is proposed to be the production of hydroxyl radical (·OH) that oxidizes the organic matter in the coolant oil. Moreover, the MAF process was applied to the used industrial coolant oil and was found to be 62.59% efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanruedee Suwannasung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Environmental Science, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vorapot Kanokkantapong
- Interdisciplinary Program in Environmental Science, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Sumeth Wongkiew
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Hliavitskaya T, Plisko T, Bildyukevich A, Liubimova A, Shumskaya A, Mikchalko A, Rogachev AA, Melnikova GB, Pratsenko SA. Novel Hydrophobic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Treatment of Oil-Contaminated Wastewater. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:402. [PMID: 37103829 PMCID: PMC10145576 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cutting fluids are the main source of oily wastewater in the metalworking industry. This study deals with the development of antifouling composite hydrophobic membranes for treatment of oily wastewater. The novelty of this study is that a low energy electron-beam deposition technique was applied for a polysulfone (PSf) membrane with a molecular-weight cut-off of 300 kDa, which is promising for use in the treatment of oil-contaminated wastewater, by using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as target materials. The effect of the thickness of the PTFE layer (45, 660, and 1350 nm) on the structure, composition, and hydrophilicity of membranes was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, atomic force microscopy, and FTIR-spectroscopy. The separation and antifouling performance of the reference and modified membranes were evaluated during ultrafiltration of cutting fluid emulsions. It was found that the increase in the PTFE layer thickness results in the significant increase in WCA (from 56° up to 110-123° for the reference and modified membranes respectively) and decrease in surface roughness. It was found that cutting fluid emulsion flux of modified membranes was similar to the flux of the reference PSf-membrane (7.5-12.4 L·m-2·h-1 at 6 bar) while cutting fluid rejection (RCF) of modified membranes increased compared to the reference membrane (RCF = 58.4-93.3% for modified and RCF = 13% for the reference PSf membrane). It was established that despite the similar flux of cutting fluid emulsion, modified membranes demonstrate 5-6.5 times higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) compared to the reference membrane. The developed hydrophobic membranes were found to be highly efficient in oily wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsiana Hliavitskaya
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Tatiana Plisko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alexandr Bildyukevich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alena Liubimova
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alena Shumskaya
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, 220141 Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Alexandr A. Rogachev
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, 220141 Minsk, Belarus
- F. Skorina Gomel State University, 246019 Gomel, Belarus
| | - Galina B. Melnikova
- Lykov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Svetlana A. Pratsenko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
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Abstract
Two-dimensional compounds with nanostructural features are attracting attention from researchers worldwide. Their multitude of applications in various fields and vast potential for future technology advancements are successively increasing the research progress. Wastewater treatment and preventing dangerous substances from entering the environment have become important aspects due to the increasing environmental awareness, and increasing consumer demands have resulted in the appearance of new, often nonbiodegradable compounds. In this review, we focus on using the most promising 2D materials, such as MXenes, Bi2WO6, and MOFs, as catalysts in the modification of the Fenton process to degrade nonbiodegradable compounds. We analyze the efficiency of the process, its toxicity, previous environmental applications, and the stability and reusability of the catalyst. We also discuss the catalyst’s mechanisms of action. Collectively, this work provides insight into the possibility of implementing 2D material-based catalysts for industrial and urban wastewater treatment.
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Garcia-Costa AL, Luengo A, Zazo JA, Casas JA. Cutting oil-water emulsion wastewater treatment by microwave assisted catalytic wet peroxide oxidation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Advanced Bioreactor Treatments of Hydrocarbon-Containing Wastewater. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10030831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses bioreactor-based methods for industrial hydrocarbon-containing wastewater treatment using different (e.g., stirred-tank, membrane, packed-bed and fluidized-bed) constructions. Aerobic, anaerobic and hybrid bioreactors are becoming increasingly popular in the field of oily wastewater treatment, while high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons usually require physico-chemical pre-treatments. Most efficient bioreactor techniques employ immobilized cultures of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, either defined consortia or mixed natural populations. Some advantages of fluidized-bed bioreactors over other types of reactors are shown, such as large biofilm–liquid interfacial area, high immobilized biomass concentration and improved mass transfer characteristics. Several limitations, including low nutrient content and the presence of heavy metals or toxicants, as well as fouling and contamination with nuisance microorganisms, can be overcome using effective inocula and advanced bioreactor designs. The examples of laboratory studies and few successful pilot/full-scale applications are given relating to the biotreatment of oilfield wastewater, fuel-contaminated water and refinery effluents.
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Can the photocatalyst TiO2 be incorporated into a wastewater treatment method? Background and prospects. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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In situ treatment of metalworking wastewater by chemical addition-dissolved air flotation coupled with UV, H 2O 2 & ZnO. Heliyon 2019; 6:e03091. [PMID: 31909262 PMCID: PMC6938887 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The hybrid treatment techniques have been proven that could be a proper solution to the metalworking fluid (MWF) wastewaters disposal challenge. Hence, this investigation was conducted aim to the assessment of chemical addition-dissolved air floatation (CA-DAF) unit followed with a heterogeneous photocatalytic (PC) process as UV/H2O2/ZnO to treat MWF wastewater produced in one of the central industrial estates in the Middle East. The CA-DAF unit was implemented as trial and errors and had an appropriate efficiency. However, the environmental discharge standards were not achieved only by this unit, so that, a PC process considered for this purpose in a pilot-scale reactor. And also, Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) were considered as physicochemical parameters to analyze the applied photochemical reaction throughout the concentrations of ZnO and H2O2, and pH value as variables of the study. The ideal and optimized conditions were observed at pH 10, 600 mg l-1 of ZnO, and 13.11 g l-1 of H2O2 via 99.87% and 97.9% reduction rates in total COD and TPH, respectively. These removal rates were obtained for this integrated strategy under the optimized reaction. By evaluating the synergistic effect, it was found that UV/ZnO could be a predominant reaction in this process. The organic and intermediates analysis appeared 78.46% reduction for all detected organic matters. Besides, PC generation of bis phthalate, mono phthalate, benzene, and benzoic acid to 2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-mthyl phenol was the reason of the residual phenolic compound concentration in the reaction solution with low removal rate. The kinetic study showed that this reaction could be well fitted with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model by R 2 equal with 0.973 and 0.988 in turn for COD and TPH. The expenditures to treat 1 m3 of the CA-DAF was estimated at 5.335 us$ via cost analysis. Finally, the collected findings indicate that CA-DAF integrated with UV/H2O2/ZnO can be an efficient approach in the MWF wastes disposal or treatment for reuse.
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Tanudjaja HJ, Hejase CA, Tarabara VV, Fane AG, Chew JW. Membrane-based separation for oily wastewater: A practical perspective. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 156:347-365. [PMID: 30928529 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The large volumes of oily wastewater generated by various industries, such as oil and gas, food and beverage, and metal processing, need to be de-oiled prior to being discharged into the environment. Compared to conventional technologies such as dissolved air flotation (DAF), coagulation or solvent extraction, membrane filtration can treat oily wastewater of a much broader compositional range and still ensure high oil removals. In the present review, various aspects related to the practical implementation of membranes for the treatment of oily wastewater are summarized. First, sources and composition of oily wastewater, regulations that stipulate the extent of treatment needed before discharge, and the conventional technologies that enable such treatment are appraised. Second, commercially available membranes, membrane modules, operation modes and hybrids are overviewed, and their economics are discussed. Third, challenges associated with membrane filtration are examined, along with means to quantify and mitigate membrane fouling. Finally, perspectives on state-of-the-art techniques to facilitate better monitoring and control of such systems are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Tanudjaja
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 37459, Singapore
| | - Charifa A Hejase
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Volodymyr V Tarabara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Anthony G Fane
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Jia Wei Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 37459, Singapore; Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
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Rahmani AR, Mousavi-Tashar A, Masoumi Z, Azarian G. Integrated advanced oxidation process, sono-Fenton treatment, for mineralization and volume reduction of activated sludge. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:120-126. [PMID: 30384159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the efficiencies of Fenton catalytic and sonolysis processes were investigated separately and in combination together for the treatment and reduction of sludge volume. Moreover, the effects of operating parameters such as retention time, initial pH, iron concentration, and H2O2 concentration on COD reduction as well as the proportion of volatile solids to total solids (VS/TS) were studied. Finally, the effects of these processes on the sludge volume index (SVI) and sludge volume reduction (SVR) were evaluated. According to the results, the retention time of 60 min, pH = 3, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 0.13 M/L, and iron concentration of 2 mM/L were achieved as the optimum values. Furthermore, the SVR and SVI removal efficiencies in the Fenton process were 19% and 25%, respectively, but the removal efficiency in sonolysis process was very low and can be ignored. Under optimum conditions in sono-Fenton (SF) process, the SVR and SVI removal efficiencies were 55.7% and 83%, respectively. The results showed that by combining sonolysis and Fenton processes; due to the synergistic effect of ultrasonic waves, Fenton agent, and the production of more hydroxyl radicals; the COD removal efficiency increased to 77%, and the proportion of VS/TS in row activated sludge was reduced from 75% to 26%. Generally, by combining sonolysis and Fenton processes, the removal efficiency increased significantly as compared to separate processes owing to the production of more oxidizing agents and improving mass transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Rahmani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Masoumi
- Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Environmental Health Engineering Department, Banganjab Complex, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azarian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Chawaloesphonsiya N, Guiraud P, Painmanakul P. Analysis of cutting-oil emulsion destabilization by aluminum sulfate. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1450-1460. [PMID: 28513292 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1332101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The destabilization mechanism of the high stable cutting-oil emulsion by aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) was investigated since it can affect properties of aggregates and following separation units. Al2(SO4)3 dosage and pH were key factors in the destabilization. The effective separation occurred when precipitated Al(OH)3 is dominated at the neutral pH of 6.5-7.0. The best separation can be achieved when solid flocs were formed at 1.0 mM, which exceeded the dosage from the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) of 0.75 mM. Two different mechanisms were proved for the emulsion destabilization depending upon the Al3+ concentration under this pH range. The first mechanism was the adsorption of Al(OH)3 on surface of oil droplets, which led to the droplet coalescence. By increasing the Al3+ dosage, the sweep flocculation by Al(OH)3 precipitates occurred. Al3+ dosage for effective destabilization was increased in accordance with oil concentration. The formation of aluminum hydroxide precipitates in bayerite structure was affirmed by analyzing elemental composition and crystalline structure of flocs from the destablization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawin Chawaloesphonsiya
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Pascal Guiraud
- b LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA , Toulouse , France
| | - Pisut Painmanakul
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
- c Research Program on Remediation Technology for Petroleum Contamination, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM) , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
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11
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Duan W, Wang R, Liu D, Lu H. Separation of oil content from oily cuttings in CO2-responsive switch water. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2017.1303606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenmeng Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oilfield Chemistry Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijiao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Oilfield Chemistry Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Amin MM, Golbini Mofrad MM, Pourzamani H, Sebaradar SM, Ebrahim K. Treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with recalcitrant metal working fluids by the photo-Fenton process as post-treatment for DAF. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Hsu HT, Chen SS, Tang YF, Hsi HC. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of chromium(VI) reduction and EDTA oxidization by photoelectrocatalysis combining cationic exchange membrane processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 248-249:97-106. [PMID: 23380448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel technology of photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) combining with cationic exchange membrane (CEM) was proposed for simultaneous reduction of chromium(VI) and oxidization of EDTA. The application of CEM was used to enhance the efficiency for prevention of the re-oxidation of reduced chromium with the electron-hole pairs. In this study, effects of current density, pH, TiO2 dosage, hydraulic retention time (HRT), light intensity and EDTA/Cr(VI) molar ratio were all investigated. The results showed that the optimum conversion efficiency occurred at 4mA/cm(2) with the presence of CEM. Higher conversion efficiencies were observed at lower pH due to the electrostatic attractions between positive charged TiOH2(+), and negatively charged Cr(VI) and EDTA. The optimum TiO2 loading of 1g/L was depended mainly on the acidic pH range, especially at higher HRT and irradiation intensity. In addition, higher EDTA/Cr(VI) molar ratio enhanced the reduction efficiency of Cr(VI), indicating EDTA plays the role of hole scavenger in this system. Moreover, incomplete EDTA decomposition contributes to the occurrence of intermediates, including nitrilotriacetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, glycine, oxamic acid, lyoxylic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid and formic acid, as identified by GC/MS. Consequently, transformation pathway was determined from these analyzed byproducts and molecular orbital package analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Te Hsu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Jagadevan S, Graham NJ, Thompson IP. Treatment of waste metalworking fluid by a hybrid ozone-biological process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 244-245:394-402. [PMID: 23274939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In metal machining processes, the regulation of heat generation and lubrication at the contact point are achieved by application of a fluid referred to as metalworking fluid (MWF). MWFs inevitably become operationally exhausted with age and intensive use, which leads to compromised properties, thereby necessitating their safe disposal. Disposal of this waste through a biological route is an increasingly attractive option, since it is effective with relatively low energy demands. However, successful biological treatment is challenging since MWFs are chemically complex, and include biocides specifically to retard microbial deterioration whilst the fluids are operational. In this study remediation of the recalcitrant component of a semi-synthetic MWF by a novel hybrid ozone-bacteriological treatment, was investigated. The hybrid treatment proved to be effective and reduced the chemical oxygen demand by 72% (26.9% and 44.9% reduction after ozonation and biological oxidation respectively). Furthermore, a near-complete degradation of three non-biodegradable compounds (viz. benzotriazole, monoethanolamine, triethanolamine), commonly added as biocides and corrosion inhibitors in MWF formulations, under ozonation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeja Jagadevan
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
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Jagadevan S, Jayamurthy M, Dobson P, Thompson IP. A novel hybrid nano zerovalent iron initiated oxidation--biological degradation approach for remediation of recalcitrant waste metalworking fluids. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:2395-2404. [PMID: 22365368 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of operationally exhausted metal working fluids (MWF) through a biological route is an attractive option, since it is effective with relatively low energy demands. However, it is enormously challenging since these fluids are chemically complex, including the addition of toxic biocides which are added specifically to retard bio-deterioration whilst the fluids are operational. Nano-sized elemental iron represents a new generation of environmental remediation technologies. Laboratory scale batch studies were performed to test the degradation ability of a semi-synthetic metalworking fluid (MWF) wastewater (which was found to be resistant to initial bacterial treatment in specifically established bioreactors) by employing a novel hybrid approach. The approach was to combine the synergistic effects of nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) induced oxidation, followed by biodegradation, specifically for the remediation of recalcitrant components of MWF effluent. Addition of nZVI particles to oxygenated wastewater resulted in oxidation of organic contaminants present. Our studies confirmed 78% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) by nZVI oxidation at pH 3.0 and 67% reduction in neutral pH (7.5), and 85% concurrent reduction in toxicity. Importantly, this low toxicity made the nZVI treated effluent more amenable for a second stage biological oxidation step. An overall COD reduction of 95.5% was achieved by the novel combined treatment described, demonstrating that nZVI oxidation can be exploited for enhancing the biodegradability of a recalcitrant wastewater in treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeja Jagadevan
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
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Jagadevan S, Dobson P, Thompson IP. Harmonisation of chemical and biological process in development of a hybrid technology for treatment of recalcitrant metalworking fluid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8783-8789. [PMID: 21831632 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of operationally exhausted metalworking fluids (MWFs) is enormously challenging. In this study the feasibility of employing a sequential Fenton-biological oxidation for the treatment of recalcitrant components of MWF wastewater was investigated. A statistical experimental design was employed to address Fenton reagent (H₂O₂, Fe²⁺) dose optimisation which ensured minimal concentrations of the reagents, thus making the treatment environmentally less toxic to subsequent biological steps and economically viable. This was achieved by employing a five-level-two-variable central composite experimental design. The results demonstrated that Fenton pre-treatment of the MWF effluent greatly improved biodegradability index (BOD₅)/COD increased from 0.160 to 0.538) with a synchronous lowering in the toxicity of the wastewater, making the recalcitrant component more amenable to subsequent biological treatment. An overall decrease of 92% and 86% in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC), respectively, was achieved by the two-step treatment method developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeja Jagadevan
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX13PJ, UK
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Tony MA, Purcell PJ, Zhao YQ, Tayeb AM, El-Sherbiny MF. Photo-catalytic degradation of an oil-water emulsion using the photo-fenton treatment process: effects and statistical optimization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2009; 44:179-187. [PMID: 19123098 DOI: 10.1080/10934520802539830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to the treatment of an effluent contaminated with hydrocarbon oils was investigated. The AOPs conducted were Fe2+/H2O2 (Fenton's reagent), Fe2+/H2O2/UV (Photo-Fenton's reagent) and UV-photolysis. These technologies utilize the very strong oxidizing power of hydroxyl radicals to oxidize organic compounds to harmless end products such as CO2 and H2O. A synthetic wastewater generated by emulsifying diesel oil and water was used. This wastewater might simulate, for example, a waste resulting from a hydrocarbon oil spill, onto which detergent was sprayed. The experiments utilising the Photo-Fenton treatment method with an artificial UV source, coupled with Fenton's reagent, suggest that the hydrocarbon oil is readily degradable, but that the emulsifying agent is much more resistant to degradation. The results showed that the COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal rate was affected by the Photo-Fenton parameters (Fe2+, H2O2 concentrations and the initial pH) of the aqueous solution. In addition, the applicability of the treatment method to a 'real' wastewater contaminated with hydrocarbon oil is demonstrated. The 'real' wastewater was sourced at a nearby car-wash facility located at a petroleum filling station and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment method in this case. A statistical analysis of the experimental data using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) and the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the experimental design was applied to optimize the Photo-Fenton parameters (concentrations of Fe2+, H2O2 and initial pH) and to maximize the COD removal rate (more than 70%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Tony
- Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Architecture, Landscape and Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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