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Luo C, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Wang D, Huang W, Huang Y, Shi X, Xie H, Wu K. Visual toxicity in zebrafish larvae following exposure to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), and isopropyl phenyl diphenyl phosphate (IPPP). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175131. [PMID: 39127212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
TPhP and IPPP, alternatives to PBDEs as flame retardants, have been studied for their developmental toxicity, but their visual toxicities are less understood. In this study, zebrafish larvae were exploited to evaluate the potential ocular impairments following exposure to BDE-47, TPhP, and IPPP. The results revealed a range of ocular abnormalities, including malformation, vascular issues within the eyes, and histopathological changes in the retina. Notably, the visually mediated behavioral changes were primarily observed in IPPP and TPhP, indicating that they caused more severe eye malformations and vision impairment than BDE-47. Molecular docking and MD simulations showed stronger binding affinity of TPhP and IPPP to RAR and RBP receptors. Elevated ROS and T3 levels induced by these compounds led to apoptosis in larvae eyes, and increased GABA levels induced by TPhP and IPPP hindered retinal repair. In summary, our results indicate TPhP and IPPP exhibit severer visual toxicity than BDE-47, affecting eye development and visually guided behaviors. The underlying mechanism involves disruptions in RA signaling, retinal neurotransmitters imbalance, thyroid hormones up-regulation, and apoptosis in larvae eyes. This work highlights novel insights into the need for cautious use of these flame retardants due to their potential biological hazards, thereby offering valuable guidance for their safer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Luo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Dinghui Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhong Huang
- Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Shi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Lukovikov DA, Kolesnikova TO, Ikrin AN, Prokhorenko NO, Shevlyakov AD, Korotaev AA, Yang L, Bley V, de Abreu MS, Kalueff AV. A novel open-access artificial-intelligence-driven platform for CNS drug discovery utilizing adult zebrafish. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 411:110256. [PMID: 39182516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although zebrafish are increasingly utilized in biomedicine for CNS disease modelling and drug discovery, this generates big data necessitating objective, precise and reproducible analyses. The artificial intelligence (AI) applications have empowered automated image recognition and video-tracking to ensure more efficient behavioral testing. NEW METHOD Capitalizing on several AI tools that most recently became available, here we present a novel open-access AI-driven platform to analyze tracks of adult zebrafish collected from in vivo neuropharmacological experiments. For this, we trained the AI system to distinguish zebrafish behavioral patterns following systemic treatment with several well-studied psychoactive drugs - nicotine, caffeine and ethanol. RESULTS Experiment 1 showed the ability of the AI system to distinguish nicotine and caffeine with 75 % and ethanol with 88 % probability and high (81 %) accuracy following a post-training exposure to these drugs. Experiment 2 further validated our system with additional, previously unexposed compounds (cholinergic arecoline and varenicline, and serotonergic fluoxetine), used as positive and negative controls, respectively. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS The present study introduces a novel open-access AI-driven approach to analyze locomotor activity of adult zebrafish. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings support the value of custom-made AI tools for unlocking full potential of zebrafish CNS drug research by monitoring, processing and interpreting the results of in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danil A Lukovikov
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Tatiana O Kolesnikova
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Aleksey N Ikrin
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Nikita O Prokhorenko
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Anton D Shevlyakov
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Andrei A Korotaev
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Longen Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology and Cell Signaling, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Vea Bley
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China; Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Neuroscience Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology and Cell Signaling, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia.
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3
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Johnson AL, Hurd PL, Hamilton TJ. Sex, drugs, and zebrafish: Acute exposure to anxiety-modulating compounds in a modified novel tank dive test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 243:173841. [PMID: 39074564 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of anxiogenic and anxiolytic drugs on zebrafish (Danio rerio) behaviour using a modified novel tank dive test with higher walls and a narrower depth. Zebrafish were administered chondroitin sulfate, beta-carboline, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), ethanol, and beta-caryophyllene, and their behaviours were evaluated for geotaxis, swimming velocity, and immobility. Both anxiogenic and anxiolytic compounds generally increased bottom-dwelling behaviour, suggesting that the tank's modified dimensions significantly influence zebrafish responses. EC50 values for ethanol showed a lower threshold for velocity reduction compared to zone preference. Chondroitin sulfate uniquely caused a sex-specific increase in male swimming velocity, whereas no other sex-differences were observed with any compound. Interestingly, the presence of drug-treated fish did not alter the behaviour of observer fish, suggesting limited social buffering effects. The findings underscore the complexity of zebrafish behavioural phenotypes and highlight the need for considering tank dimensions and multiple behavioural parameters to accurately assess the effects of anxiety-modulating drugs. This study demonstrates the utility of the modified novel tank dive test in providing nuanced insights into the behavioural effects of different pharmacological agents in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa L Johnson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E1
| | - Peter L Hurd
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E1; Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, P217 Biological Sciences Building, 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E9
| | - Trevor J Hamilton
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E1; Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 6-329 City Centre Campus, 10700 - 104 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5J 4S2.
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4
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Hillman C, Kearn J, Parker MO. A unified approach to investigating 4 dpf zebrafish larval behaviour through a standardised light/dark assay. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111084. [PMID: 39002928 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Zebrafish are a dynamic research model in the domains of neuropsychopharmacology, biological psychiatry and behaviour. Working with larvae ≤4 days post-fertilisation (dpf) offers an avenue for high-throughput investigation whilst aligning with the 3Rs principles of animal research. The light/dark assay, which is the most widely used behavioural assay for larval neuropharmacology research, lacks experimental reliability and standardisation. This study aimed to formulate a robust, reproducible and standardised light/dark behavioural assay using 4 dpf zebrafish larvae. Considerable between-batch and inter-individual variability was found, which we rectified with a normalisation approach to ensure a reliable foundation for analysis. We then identified that 5-min light/dark transition periods are optimal for locomotor activity. We also found that a 30-min acclimation in the light was found to produce significantly increased dark phase larval locomotion. Next, we confirmed the pharmacological predictivity of the standardised assay using ethanol which, as predicted, caused hyperlocomotion at low concentrations and hypolocomotion at high concentrations. Finally, the assay was validated by assessing the behavioural phenotype of hyperactive transgenic (adgrl3.1-/-) larvae, which was rescued with psychostimulant medications. Our standardised assay not only provides a clear experimental and analytical framework to work with 4 dpf larvae, but also facilitates between-laboratory collaboration using our normalisation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Hillman
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - James Kearn
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), UK.
| | - Matthew O Parker
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
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5
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Bikker J, MacDougall-Shackleton H, Bragg LM, Servos MR, Wong BBM, Balshine S. Impacts of caffeine on fathead minnow behaviour and physiology. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:106982. [PMID: 38861791 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Pollution from regularly used substances such as pharmaceuticals, cleaning agents, and even food and beverages is an increasing problem in the environment. Caffeine, a commonly ingested stimulant, is one such contaminant that has been detected in aquatic environments worldwide. Yet, little is known about how ecologically relevant concentrations of caffeine influence the morphology, behaviour, and physiology of exposed organisms. To address this knowledge gap, we exposed fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) to three caffeine treatments: a freshwater control (nominal: 0 ng/L), a low (nominal: 1,000 ng/L) and high environmentally relevant dose (nominal: 10,000 ng/L), for 35 days. We tested the learning abilities, anxiety, metabolic rates, and morphological features of exposed vs. control fish. Caffeine exposure did not affect the ability of fish to learn but did influence anxiety levels. Over the course of repeated anxiety testing, unexposed control fish visited a black square more often while fish exposed to low levels of caffeine did not, potentially indicating that these fish remained in a more anxious state. While caffeine did not impact metabolism, fish growth, or body size, it was associated with lower liver investment-although this response was only observed in our low caffeine treatment. Overall, our results suggest that even relatively low concentrations of caffeine may impact the liver size and anxiety of exposed fish, but further research is needed to assess how extended exposure to caffeine impacts fitness. Given the increase in anthropogenic contaminants in aquatic environments, it is important that we continue to investigate their effects on the organisms exposed to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bikker
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Helen MacDougall-Shackleton
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Leslie M Bragg
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Bob B M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Melbourne, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Sigal Balshine
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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6
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Pecunioso A, Aleotti E, Agrillo C. Do body colour and sociability impact scototaxis response of fish? Sci Rep 2024; 14:16717. [PMID: 39030305 PMCID: PMC11271562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Scototaxis test is an anxiety-like test used by behavioural neuroscientists consisting in the assessment of dark/light preference of laboratory animals. This test has been widely used in fish. Most of the species have been shown to express a preference for the dark environment. However, the majority of the investigated species has a dark body colour, thus making a clear contrast with a white/bright background. Also, while in nature fish tend to be highly social, studies in the scototaxis literature tested single fish. Yet, individual vs. group behaviour might interact with scototaxis response. In experiment 1, we assessed the individual response to test the hypothesis that the different colours of the body might modulate the dark/light preference. We found that species with a dark body colour (Hyphessobrycon megalopterus) and a largely transparent body colour (Kryptopterus bicirrhis) strongly preferred the darker environment. Instead, the preference for darkness of a species with a luminescent part of the body (Paracheirodon axelrodi) was less pronounced. Lastly, a species with a white body colour (Corydoras albini) did not prefer either a bright or a dark sector. In experiment 2, we explored the behaviour of these species when inserted in shoals of 20 individuals in the experimental apparatus. While H. megalopterus and K. bichirrhis confirmed their robust preference for darker environments, the other two species changed their preference. Taken together, these results suggest that scototaxis response is context-dependent, as it appears to be modulated by the body colour and the presence/absence of other conspecifics in the surrounding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Aleotti
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Christian Agrillo
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padua Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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7
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Soren K, Bollikanda RK, Das T, Patel S, Gnaneshwari K, Malakar P, Kumar A, Kantevari S, Chakravarty S. Development of CRID3-Based Anti-inflammatory Agents to Ameliorate Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Memory Impairment in Zebrafish Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2504-2519. [PMID: 38902941 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxic exposure triggers the onset and progression of cognitive dysfunction; however, the mechanisms underlying chronic hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation and its contribution to cognitive dysfunction remain poorly understood. Although inflammation and hypoxia are interdependent, numerous recent studies have linked the development of various human diseases to hypoxia-induced inflammation. In this study, we focused on the NLRP3 inflammasome with novel analogues of cytokine release inhibitory drug 3 (CRID3), a class of small molecule inhibitors for the NLRP3 inflammasome, to investigate their potential contribution to alleviating chronic hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation using the zebrafish model. The designed CRID3 analogues 6a-q were prepared from 2-methyl furan-3-carboxylate, following a four-step reaction sequence and fully characterized by NMR and mass spectral analysis. The administration of CRID3 analogues 6a-q led to a notable reduction in neuroinflammation and an increase in glial proliferation markers in both sexes. In addition, we investigated the potential effects of CRID3 analogues 6a-q through various behavioral tasks to assess their role in ameliorating post-hypoxic behavioral deficits and cognitive impairment. Notably, the study revealed that post-chronic hypoxia, male zebrafish exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammatory marker expression than females. Furthermore, we observed that the neurogenic response to treatment with CRID3 derivative 6o varied depending on the sex, with females showing a sex-specific differential increase in neurogenesis compared to males. This work emphasizes the significance of considering sex differences into account in developing therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders, as shown by the sex-specific molecular and behavioral changes in zebrafish cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Soren
- Applied Biology, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh K Bollikanda
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Tapatee Das
- Applied Biology, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shashikant Patel
- Applied Biology, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kodi Gnaneshwari
- Applied Biology, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Pankaj Malakar
- Applied Biology, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- CSIR─Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Applied Biology, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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8
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Schenk S, Horsfield JA, Dwoskin L, Johnson SL. Methamphetamine effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) depend on behavioral endpoint, dose and test session duration. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 240:173777. [PMID: 38670467 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Research using zebrafish (Danio rerio) has begun to provide novel information in many fields, including the behavioral pharmacology of drug use and misuse. There have been limited studies on the effects of methamphetamine in adult zebrafish and the parameters of exposure (dose, test session length) have not been well-documented. Behavior following drug exposure is generally measured during relatively short sessions (6-10 min is common) in a novel tank environment. Many procedural variables (isolation, netting, novel tank) elicit anxiety-like behavior that is most apparent during the initial portion of a test session. This anxiety-like behavior might mask the initial effects of methamphetamine. During longer test sessions, these anxiety-like responses would be expected to habituate and drug effects should become more apparent. To test this idea, we measured several locomotor activity responses for 50-min following a range of methamphetamine doses (0.1-3.0 mg/L via immersion in methamphetamine solution). Methamphetamine failed to alter swimming velocity, distance travelled, or freezing time. In contrast, methamphetamine produced a dose-dependent decrease in time spent in the bottom of the tank, an increase in the number of visits to the top of the tank, and an increase in the number of transitions along the sides of the tank. The effects of methamphetamine were apparent 10-20 min following exposure and generally persisted throughout the session. These findings indicate that longer test sessions are required to measure methamphetamine-induced changes in behavior in zebrafish, as has been shown in other laboratory animals. The results also suggest that anxiety-like responses associated with various procedural aspects (netting, isolation, novel test apparatus) likely interfere with the ability to observe many behavioral effects of methamphetamine in zebrafish. Based on the current results, habituation to testing procedures to reduce anxiety-like behaviors is recommended in determining the effects of methamphetamine in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Schenk
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Linda Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sheri L Johnson
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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9
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Moisan GJ, Kamath N, Apgar S, Schwehr M, Vedmurthy P, Conner O, Hayes K, Toro CP. Alternative Splicing and Nonsense-Mediated Decay of a Zebrafish GABA Receptor Subunit Transcript. Zebrafish 2024; 21:198-205. [PMID: 37751193 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The superfamily of Cys-loop ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors includes those that detect GABA, glutamate, glycine, and acetylcholine. There is ample evidence that many Cys-loop receptor subunit genes include alternatively spliced exons. In this study, we report a novel example of alternative splicing (AS): we show that the 68-bp exon 3 in the zebrafish gabrr2b gene-which codes for the ρ2b GABAAR subunit-is an alternative cassette exon. Skipping of gabrr2b exon 3 results in a downstream frame shift and a premature termination codon (PTC). We provide evidence in larval zebrafish that transcripts containing the PTC are subject to degradation through nonsense-mediated decay. We also compile reports of AS of homologous exons in other Cys-loop receptor genes in multiple species. Our data add to a large body of research demonstrating that exon 3 in Cys-loop receptor genes is a conserved site for AS, the effects of which can vary from novel splice-isoform generation to downregulation of gene expression through transcript degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia J Moisan
- Biology Department, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA
| | - Nitika Kamath
- Biology Department, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA
| | - Shannon Apgar
- Biology Department, Linfield University, McMinnville, Oregon, USA
| | - Megan Schwehr
- Biology Department, Linfield University, McMinnville, Oregon, USA
| | - Pooja Vedmurthy
- Biology Department, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA
| | - Olivya Conner
- Biology Department, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA
| | - Kyler Hayes
- Biology Department, Linfield University, McMinnville, Oregon, USA
| | - Cecilia Phillips Toro
- Biology Department, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA
- Biology Department, Linfield University, McMinnville, Oregon, USA
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10
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Gu J, Guo L, Chen C, Ji G, Wang L. Neurobehavioral toxic effects and mechanisms of 2-aminobenzothiazole exposure on zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169495. [PMID: 38142985 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
2-Aminobenzothiazole (NTH), a benzothiazole derivative, exhibits potent biochemical activities and plays a significant role in modern industry. Widespread and intensive utilization of NTH has led to its detection in aquatic environments, encompassing both groundwater and surface water. Despite its wide usage, the effect of NTH on developmental neurotoxicity in aquatic organisms remains uncharted. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to create exposure models for short- and long-term studies in order to analyze the neurobehavioral toxic impact of NTH (0, 50, 500, and 5000 μg/L) on zebrafish, which includes motor function, anxiety, and memory performance, as well as to examine the mechanism of neurotoxicity. The results revealed a significant suppression of initial embryonic mobility by NTH. However, during short-term exposure experiments, it did not significantly impact the developmental neurobehavioral functions of zebrafish. In addition, significant effects on zebrafish were observed after long-term exposure to 50 and 500 μg/L NTH, mainly impacting locomotion, social behavior, anxiety, and cognitive functions. Moreover, NTH caused oxidative damage in adult zebrafish brain tissue, which was accompanied by abnormal expression of oxidative damage-related genes. Furthermore, the Real-Time PCR results indicated a significant suppression of genes related to exposure to NTH, specifically those in the GABA synthesis pathway (gabrg2, gad2, gad1b, and abat) and the 5-HT synthesis pathway (tph2, tph1b, pet1, and htr1aa). Taken together, this study demonstrates for the first time that chronic exposure to NTH decreases the expression of genes associated with the zebrafish GABA synthesis pathway and the 5-HT synthesis pathway. This suppression is accompanied by oxidative damage, ultimately resulting in neurobehavioral changes related to motor ability, anxiety, and memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Liguo Guo
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guixiang Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
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11
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Ma DD, Shi WJ, Li SY, Zhang JG, Lu ZJ, Long XB, Liu X, Huang CS, Ying GG. Ephedrine and cocaine cause developmental neurotoxicity and abnormal behavior in zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106765. [PMID: 37979497 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Ephedrine (EPH) and cocaine (COC) are illegal stimulant drugs, and have been frequently detected in aquatic environments. EPH and COC have negative effects on the nervous system and cause abnormal behaviors in mammals and fish at high concentrations, but their mechanisms of neurotoxicity remain unclear in larvae fish at low concentrations. To address this issue, zebrafish embryos were exposed to EPH and COC for 14 days post-fertilization (dpf) at 10, 100, and 1000 ng L-1. The bioaccumulation, development, behavior, cell neurotransmitter levels and apoptosis were detected to investigate the developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) of EPH and COC. The results showed that EPH decreased heart rate, while COC increased heart rate. EPH caused cell apoptosis in the brain by AO staining. In addition, behavior analysis indicated that EPH and COC affected spontaneous movement, touch-response, swimming activity and anxiety-like behaviors. EPH and COC altered the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with changes of the transcription of genes related to the DA and GABA pathways. These findings indicated that EPH and COC had noticeable DNT in the early stage of zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Ma
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jun Shi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China; Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou 510230, China.
| | - Si-Ying Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Lu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Long
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Chu-Shu Huang
- Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China; Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou 510230, China.
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Chen S, Wang X, Ye X, Qin Y, Wang H, Liang Z, Zhu L, Zhou L, Martyniuk CJ, Yan B. Dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotoxicity of lanthanide phosphate (TbPO 4) in developing zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139861. [PMID: 37597622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are exploited for global use in manufacturing. Such activities result in their release into the environment and the transformation into more stable phosphate deposition. The objective of this study was to evaluate molecular and behavioral changes of zebrafish exposed to the synthesized terbium phosphate (TbPO4) at concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 mg/L and to determine its potential for neurotoxicity. Metabolomics related to neurotransmitters, and assessment of transcripts and proteins were conducted to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying TbPO4 with emphasis on neurotransmitter systems. Exposure to 20 mg/L TbPO4 induced larval hyperactivity and perturbed the cholinergic system in zebrafish. Based on metabolomics related to neurotransmitters, dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and many of their precursors and metabolites were decreased in abundance by TbPO4. In addition, the expression levels of transcripts related to the synthesis, transport, receptor binding, and metabolism of DA and 5-HT were analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels. Transcript and protein levels for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme for DA synthesis, were down-regulated in larval fish. Monoamine oxidase (MAO), an enzyme that catabolizes monoamines DA and 5-HT, was also reduced in mRNA abundance. We hypothesize that DA synthesis and monoamine metabolism are associated with behavioral alterations. This study elucidates putative mechanisms and exposure risks to wildlife and humans by characterizing phosphatic REE-induced neurotoxicity in developing zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaolin Ye
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingju Qin
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiqing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Zhenda Liang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lishan Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Clayman CL, Hwang C, Connaughton VP. Ethanol and caffeine age-dependently alter brain and retinal neurochemical levels without affecting morphology of juvenile and adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286596. [PMID: 37405983 PMCID: PMC10321635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent alcohol exposure in humans is predictive of adult development of alcoholism. In rodents, caffeine pre-exposure enhances adult responsiveness to ethanol via a pathway targeted by both compounds. Embryonic exposure to either compound adversely affects development, and both compounds can alter zebrafish behaviors. Here, we evaluate whether co-exposure to caffeine and/or alcohol in adolescence exerts neurochemical changes in retina and brain. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were given daily 20 min treatments to ethanol (1.5% v/v), caffeine (25-100 mg/L), or caffeine + ethanol for 1 week during mid-late adolescence (53-92 days post fertilization (dpf)) or early adulthood (93-142 dpf). Immediately after exposure, anatomical measurements were taken, including weight, heart rate, pigment density, length, girth, gill width, inner and outer eye distance. Brain and retinal tissue were subsequently collected either (1) immediately, (2) after a short interval (2-4d) following exposure, or (3) after a longer interval that included an acute 1.5% ethanol challenge. Chronic ethanol and/or caffeine exposure did not alter anatomical parameters. However, retinal and brain levels of tyrosine hydroxylase were elevated in fish sacrificed after the long interval following exposure. Protein levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase were also increased, with the highest levels observed in 70-79 dpf fish exposed to caffeine. The influence of ethanol and caffeine exposure on neurochemistry demonstrates specificity of their effects during postembryonic development. Using the zebrafish model to assess neurochemistry relevant to reward and anxiety may inform understanding of the mechanisms that reinforce co-addiction to alcohol and stimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly L. Clayman
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Christina Hwang
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Victoria P. Connaughton
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Sokary S, Zakaria Z, Bawadi H, Al-Asmakh M. Testing the Anticancer Effect of Matcha Using Zebrafish as an Animal Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102369. [PMID: 37242252 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients show the poorest prognosis and survival and the highest metastasis prevalence among all breast cancer subtypes. Matcha has recently been associated with multiple health benefits, and in vitro studies showed the potential effect of matcha in inhibiting cancer development and metastasis. We aimed to determine the safe, non-toxic dose of matcha suitable for zebrafish and to investigate the anticancer effect of matcha on the metastasis and growth of human TBNC cells using a zebrafish xenograft model. Wild-type AB zebrafish were used to conduct multiple general toxicity assessments, including developmental, neuromuscular, and cardiovascular toxicities. The safe, non-toxic concentration of matcha was determined to be 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL. Afterward, the zebrafish xenograft model was successfully established for MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. The tumor size and metastasis of the injected cancer cells were traced through CM-Dil red fluorescent dye. Upon exposure to matcha at the safe doses, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 showed a trend toward reduction in tumor size in a dose-dependent manner, indicated by quantified fluorescence. Matcha also visibly suppressed metastasis of cancer cells in the zebrafish body. Our results point to a potential dose-dependent anticancer effect of matcha on TNBC cells; however, more extended observation periods after xenotransplantation are required to confirm the long-term anticancer effect of matcha on tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sokary
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Zain Zakaria
- Medical and Health Sciences Office, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Hiba Bawadi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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15
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Xie CT, Tan ML, Li YW, Chen QL, Shen YJ, Liu ZH. Chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of carbamazepine interferes with anxiety response of adult female zebrafish through GABA /5-HT pathway and HPI axis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 266:109574. [PMID: 36781090 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the widely distributed pharmaceutical residues in aquatic environments, yet few researches have addressed its chronic effect on the anxiety of fish, and the mechanisms possibly involved remained elusive. In this study, adult female zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to environmental relevant concentrations of CBZ (CBZ-low, 10 μg/L; CBZ-high, 100 μg/L) for 28 days. After exposure, CBZ-high didn't affect the anxiety of fish. However, the onset time to the higher half of the tank was delayed and the total duration in the lower half of the tank was increased in CBZ-low fish, suggesting an increased anxiety. Further investigation indicated that CBZ-low significantly decreased the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level in the brain, while increased the serotonin (5-HT) level in the brain and cortisol level in plasma. Accordingly, the mRNA levels of genes in GABA (gad2, abat, gabrb2, gabrg2, gria1a and slc12a2) pathway and HPI (crha, actha, pc1 and pc2) axis were also altered. Despite the upregulation of tph2 was consistent with increased 5-HT level in the brain, significantly downregulated htr1aa and htr1b may indicate attenuated 5-HT potency. Although CBZ-high significantly reduced GABA level in the brain and increased cortisol level in plasma, the effects were dramatically alleviated than that of CBZ-low. Consistently, the expression of genes in HPI (crha, actha, pc1 and pc2) axis and GABA (gad2 and abat) pathway were also altered by CBZ-high, probably due to inconspicuous anxiety response of CBZ-high. Briefly, our data suggested that low concentration of CBZ disrupted zebrafish anxiety by interfering with neurotransmission and endocrine system, thereby bringing about adverse ecological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ting Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Mei-Ling Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ying-Wen Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yan-Jun Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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16
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Bonan CD, da Silva Carlini CRR. Alternative Models in Neuropharmacology: The Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:474-475. [PMID: 35291934 PMCID: PMC9608224 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x2003220304143511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Denise Bonan
- School of Health and Life Sciences
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
Av. Ipiranga, 6681 – Prédio 12
Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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