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Tsang APL, Lee CK, Chan SCY. A Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis of Social Participation in the Relationship Between Functional Limitations and Cognitive Functioning: Evidence From CHARLS. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241282756. [PMID: 39291869 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241282756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional limitations refer to the dependency to perform activities of daily living. Increasing evidence has demonstrated a bidirectional association between functional limitations and cognitive functioning, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated whether social participation bidirectionally mediates the association between functional limitations and cognitive decline. We analyzed a sample of 16,385 middle-aged and older adults (aged over 50 years) using longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS; Waves 1-4). We utilized a cross-lagged panel model to examine the bidirectional mediation of social participation between functional limitations and cognitive functioning over a span of eight years. The results indicated that social participation bidirectionally and partially mediated the relationship between the onset of functional limitations and cognitive decline, indicating that social participation may play an important role in mitigating the disablement process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Pak Lik Tsang
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Ko Lee
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Saint Francis University, Hong Kong
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2
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Quaranta A, Hui WL. L.O.V.E.R.R.S.: a conceptual framework to shape your purpose and a life of fulfilment. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2024; 73:191-193. [PMID: 38498299 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.23.04904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Quaranta
- Smile Specialists Suite, Sydney, Australia -
- Australasian Institute of Postgraduate Dentistry, Sydney, Australia -
- School of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Australia -
| | - Wang L Hui
- Smile Specialists Suite, Sydney, Australia
- Australasian Institute of Postgraduate Dentistry, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
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3
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Goto N, Kusumasondjaja S, Tjiptono F, Lim SXL, Shee D, Hatano A, Herachwati N, Schaefer A. Multiple group membership and executive function in a socioeconomically diverse sample. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9921. [PMID: 38688975 PMCID: PMC11061274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Belonging to multiple groups is an important feature of our social lives. However, it is largely unknown if it is related to individual differences in cognitive performance. Given that changing self-identities linked to each group requires cognitive operations on knowledge bases associated with each group, the extent to which people belong to multiple groups may be related to individual differences in cognitive performance. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to test if multiple group membership is related to executive function task performance. A socioeconomically diverse sample of 395 individuals in Indonesia participated in this study. Our results show that multiple group membership was positively related to the 3-back working memory performance. However, we also found that this relationship was significant only among participants with high (not median or low) SES. We also observed that Contact diversity was negatively related to working memory performance among participants with low SES. Our results show that the complexity of our social lives is related to individual differences in executive function performance, although this seems to be constrained by SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Goto
- Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Sony Kusumasondjaja
- Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fandy Tjiptono
- School of Marketing and International Business, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Shirley X L Lim
- Centre Des Sciences du Goût et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dexter Shee
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Nuri Herachwati
- Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Alexandre Schaefer
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
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Zábó V, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Purebl G. Psychological resilience and competence: key promoters of successful aging and flourishing in late life. GeroScience 2023; 45:3045-3058. [PMID: 37418098 PMCID: PMC10643728 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00856-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many individuals, both in the public and within the field of psychology, often perceive aging as a burden that negatively impacts intellectual and mental health. Our present study aims to challenge this notion by identifying the crucial components of positive mental health in later life. These components not only promote positive mental health but also actively contribute to it, even under difficult circumstances. To accomplish this, we first offer a concise review of well-being and mental health models that highlight the psychological aspects of flourishing in late life. We then introduce a psychological competence-based model for positive mental health, which aligns with the concept of positive aging. Subsequently, we present a measurement tool suitable for practical applications. Finally, we provide a comprehensive overview of positive aging, drawing on methodological guidelines and existing research findings concerning sustainable positive mental health in later life. We examine the evidence indicating that psychological resilience (the capacity to adapt and recover from adversity or stress) and competence (skills and abilities to effectively cope with challenges across various life domains) significantly contribute to slowing down biological aging processes. Furthermore, we discuss insights into the relationship between psychological factors and aging derived from research on Blue Zones (regions characterized by a higher proportion of individuals experiencing longer, healthier lives).
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Affiliation(s)
- Virág Zábó
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - György Purebl
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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5
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Ide K, Tsuji T, Kanamori S, Watanabe R, Iizuka G, Kondo K. Frequency of social participation by types and functional decline: A six-year longitudinal study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 112:105018. [PMID: 37043839 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Social participation is effective for preventing functional decline in older people. However, researchers have not fully explored how different frequencies of social participation by type. We aimed to clarify the relationship between the frequency of social participation by type and functional decline. We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, which consists of individuals aged 65 years and older who were not eligible to receive public long-term-care insurance benefits. From 13 municipalities, 51,968 respondents who met the criteria were included in the analysis. We used a sex-stratified Cox proportional hazards model. The outcome was the new incidence of functional decline during a six-year follow-up, and the exposure was the frequency of social participation of one of the following six types: sports, hobbies, volunteering, neighborhood, senior clubs, and industry groups. The frequency was categorized as "never," "a few times a year," "once or twice a month," and "once a week or more." We set non-participation in each activity as the reference, and we adjusted for 12 potential confounders (i.e., sociodemographic and health-related factors). After we adjusted for confounders, participation in sports and hobbies once or twice a month, once a week or more was protectively associated with functional decline. We found a similar association for participation in neighborhood a few times a year. Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering the effects of different types and frequencies of activities when promoting social participation among older people as part of public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Ide
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan; Department of Community General Support, Hasegawa Hospital, Yachimata, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kanamori
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Watanabe
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Gemmei Iizuka
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan; Family Medicine Residency, Seibo International Catholic Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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6
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Ono T, Nihei M, Abiru T, Higashibaba K, Kubota T. Association between meaningful activities at home and subjective well-being in older adults with long-term care needs: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 52:121-126. [PMID: 37290217 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
For this study, we examined whether engaging in meaningful activities at home is associated with subjective well-being (SWB) in older adults with long-term care needs according to their preference for going out. We distributed a self-administered questionnaire to long-term care facilities in Japan and performed a linear mixed-effects model regression analysis of the responses. The dependent variable was SWB, and the independent variables were the number of meaningful home activities, preference for going out, and the interaction between them. In our survey (n = 217), we found that both number of meaningful home activities (B = 0.43; 95%CI: 0.17, 0.70) and its interaction with preference (B = -0.43; 95%CI: -0.79, -0.08) were associated with SWB. These results suggest the importance of engaging in meaningful activities at home for older adults who do not prefer going out. We should encourage older adults to participate in activities that match their preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takazumi Ono
- Human & Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan.
| | - Misato Nihei
- Human & Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Abiru
- Rehabilitation-Specific Home-Visit Nursing Station Sanpo Musashi Kosugi, Lots Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Kaname Higashibaba
- Rehabilitation-Specific Home-Visit Nursing Station Sanpo Musashi Kosugi, Lots Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kubota
- Human & Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Tsujishita S, Nagamatsu M, Imai A, Sanada K. Relationships between locomotive and non-locomotive MVPA and ' ikigai' in older Japanese adults. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15413. [PMID: 37273540 PMCID: PMC10237179 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) of moderate to vigorous intensity (MVPA) and ikigai in older Japanese adults. We evaluated the amount of PA using an activity meter equipped with a three-axis accelerometer. The measured activities were classified into locomotive PA and non-locomotive PA to clarify not only the relationship between MVPA and ikigai, but the types of activities that lead to increased ikigai as well. Methods Participants were 86 community-dwelling older adult Japanese men and women. Measurement items included basic information (age, sex, BMI, and the number of underlying diseases), PA, Self-completed Occupational Performance Index (SOPI), and ikigai (the K-1 Scale). Confounding factors presumed to be related to ikigai were also elicited from previous studies. Associations of ikigai into three groups (high, middle, and low) with PA were analyzed by group comparisons and multivariate analyses. Results The comparison of PA indices among the high, middle, and low ikigai groups revealed that non-locomotive MVPA is significantly associated with ikigai (p < 0.05). In multiple comparisons, the low ikigai group was significantly and negatively affected by non-locomotive MVPA (p < 0.05) compared to the middle and high ikigai groups. Furthermore, in a multivariate analysis with ikigai as the dependent variable and sex, age, locomotive MVPA, and non-locomotive MVPA as independent variables, only non-locomotive MVPA (p < 0.05) was associated. Discussion These results suggest that non-locomotive MVPA is effective in enhancing ikigai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Tsujishita
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Department of Physical Therapy, Kobe International University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nagamatsu
- Faculty of Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Aiko Imai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Sciences, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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Pessin E, Fuchs SC, Bruscato NM, Fuchs FC, Moriguchi EH. Mortality was predicted by depression and functional dependence in a cohort of elderly adults of Italian descent from southern Brazil. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5448. [PMID: 37012371 PMCID: PMC10070406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The older population has an increasing burden of non-communicable disease, which can potentially be associated with physical and mental disabilities and shorten life spam. To investigate whether depression, loss of functionality for activities of daily living, and lower social support are associated with all-cause mortality in the older population of Italian descent. This population-based cohort study was conducted in Veranópolis, a country city from southern Brazil, among individuals aged 60 years or older. Interviews were performed in a systematic random sampling regarding demographic, socioeconomic, and psychosocial variables, in addition to depression (Geriatric Depression Scale), activities of daily living (Barthel Index), and social support (Medical Outcomes Study scale). In the follow-up, participants were reinterviewed or, in case of death, the next of kin, and hospital records were revised. Hierarchical analysis was used to determine characteristics independently associated with all-cause mortality, using Poisson regression with robust variance, expressed as relative risk with 95% confidence intervals (RR; 95%CI). A total of 997 participants were enrolled and 882 participants completed the study, after 7.24 ± 2.41 years; with 581 remaining alive. The mean age was 73.12 ± 8.03 years, 4% were nonagenarians or centennials, and 62% were women. Symptoms of depression (RR: 1.04; 1.01-1.06) and functional dependence for ADL (RR: 1.00; 0.99-1.00) were associated with all-cause mortality, even after controlling for confounding factors. Lower social support was not associated with mortality (RR: 1.00; 0.99-1.01). Depression and functional dependence are independent predictors of all-cause mortality in the older population from Italian descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Pessin
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandra C Fuchs
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Clinical Research Center, INCT PREVER, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil.
- Clinical Research Center, INCT PREVER, CPC, 5º and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil.
| | - Neide M Bruscato
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe C Fuchs
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Av. Protásio Alves, no. 211, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Emilio H Moriguchi
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Vandroux R, Auzoult-Chagnault L. Validation francophone de l’échelle Ikigai-9. PSYCHOLOGIE FRANCAISE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Tsujishita S, Nagamatsu M, Sanada K. Overlap of Physical, Cognitive, and Social Frailty Affects Ikigai in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2216. [PMID: 36360557 PMCID: PMC9690191 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether the overlap of physical, cognitive, and social frailty affects Ikigai in community-dwelling Japanese older adults. Participants were 116 community-dwelling older adult Japanese men and women. Associations of physical, cognitive, and social frailty with falls, daily living assessment, and Ikigai were analyzed by group comparisons and multivariate analyses. Physical, cognitive, and social frailty were associated with the risk of falls and Ikigai. An increase in the number of frailty category overlaps was associated with an increased risk of falls and decrease in Ikigai. Multivariate analyses adjusted for confounding factors showed that physical and cognitive frailty were related to Ikigai. In conclusion Two or more overlapping numbers of physical, cognitive, and social frailty had adverse effects on Ikigai in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Tsujishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe International University, 9-1-6 Koyocho-naka, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0032, Hyogo, Japan
- Faculty of Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masaki Nagamatsu
- Faculty of Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
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11
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Miyazaki J, Shirai K, Kimura T, Ikehara S, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Purpose in life ( Ikigai) and employment status in relation to cardiovascular mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059725. [PMID: 36216422 PMCID: PMC9557793 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether having a purpose in life (Ikigai) is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and whether the association varies by employment status. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Residents in 45 municipalities, Japan. PARTICIPANTS 29 517 men and 41 984 women aged 40-79 years, free of CVD and cancer at baseline from 1988 to 1990. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES CVD mortality. RESULTS During the median follow-up of 19.1 years, 4680 deaths (2393 men and 2287 women) from total CVD were observed. Greater Ikigai was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, and the result was stronger for men than for women. Stratified by employment status, the inverse association was confined to unemployed persons. Among unemployed persons, the multivariable HRs of total CVD were higher for moderate and high versus low levels of Ikigai. Multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.74 (0.57 to 0.97) and 0.69 (0.52 to 0.93), P for trend <0.044, respectively in men, and 0.78 (0.64 to 0.95) and 0.77 (0.61 to 0.97), P for trend=0.039 in women. No association was observed among the employed, including part-time workers, self-employed and homemakers for both men and women. Such an inverse association remained even after excluding early deaths within 5 years from the baseline survey. CONCLUSION Higher levels of Ikigai were associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, especially for unemployed men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Miyazaki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoyo Ikehara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Kreouzi M, Theodorakis N, Constantinou C. Lessons Learned From Blue Zones, Lifestyle Medicine Pillars and Beyond: An Update on the Contributions of Behavior and Genetics to Wellbeing and Longevity. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276221118494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue Zones are regions of the world that have a higher number of individuals who live longer than the expected average. The current paper revisits principles previously identified to be common in Blue Zones and to be contributing to longevity ( move naturally, eat wisely, improve resilience to stress, get adequate sleep, keep strong family ties, stimulate strong community support, respect for the planet and having a purpose in life’), compares these to the 6 pillars of Lifestyle Medicine ( healthy eating, exercising, avoidance of smoking and other risky substances, stress management, restorative sleep, and forming and maintaining relationships) and reviews new studies investigating the association between behavioral factors and longevity. In addition to the role of behavior, the review also discusses the important role of genetics and emphasizes the importance of conducting further research to understand how behavioral and genetic factors may affect molecular pathways with consequent effects on wellbeing and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Kreouzi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus (MK, CC); Department of Internal Medicine, Limassol General Hospital, Limassol, Cyprus (NT)
| | - Nikolaos Theodorakis
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus (MK, CC); Department of Internal Medicine, Limassol General Hospital, Limassol, Cyprus (NT)
| | - Constantina Constantinou
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus (MK, CC); Department of Internal Medicine, Limassol General Hospital, Limassol, Cyprus (NT)
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Ren Z, Zhang X, Li Y, Li X, Shi H, Zhao H, He M, Zha S, Qiao S, Pu Y, Liu H. Relationships of leisure activities with physical and cognitive functions among Chinese older adults: A prospective community-based cohort study. Aging Ment Health 2022; 27:736-744. [PMID: 35696367 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2084502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Based on a prospective design, this study aimed to investigate the relationships of leisure activities with physical and cognitive functions among Chinese older adults. METHODS The respondents aged 65 years or more were selected from the 2014-2018 of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Physical function measurement indicators were reflected by activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and physical performance (PP), while cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination. Fine-Gray competing risk regression models were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Using the figures for 2014 as a baseline for the study, we included 6047, 6216, 5951, and 5916 respondents in the ADL, IADL, PP, and cognitive function analyses, respectively. The prospective results showed that keeping domestic animals or pets was related to a lower risk of ADL disability of respondents after adjustment (SHR: 0.619, 95% CI: 0.486, 0.788). Similarly, taking part in social activities (SHR: 0.781, 95%CI: 0.658, 0.929) and reading books or newspapers (SHR: 0.793, 95% CI: 0.656, 0.958) were associated with a lower risk of IADL disability. Playing cards or mahjong was correlated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (SHR: 0.669, 95% CI: 0.507, 0.882), while keeping domestic animals or pets was related to a higher risk of cognitive impairment (SHR: 1.279, 95% CI: 1.047, 1.562). CONCLUSION Participation in leisure activities moderately may decrease the risk of a decline in physical and cognitive functions among Chinese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ren
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiumin Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanfang Zhao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minfu He
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Zha
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuyin Qiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yajiao Pu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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vismoradi ‑Aineh H, Alipour A, Ramezankhani A, Shakeri J, Yarmohammadi S, Marashi T. Investigating the relationship between satisfaction of basic psychological needs, general health, and some background variables in the Iranian older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:372. [PMID: 35650584 PMCID: PMC9158081 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting the health and mental health (MH) of the older adults making up a large part of the world's population in the coming years can provide the necessary conditions for their health and well-being of them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (BPNs), general health (GH), and some variables in Iranian older adults. METHODS The present descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 780 older adults from Sarpol-e Zahab (Kermanshah) in 2019 including the study by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The data collection tool was BPNs satisfaction and GH questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire of individual and background information. Was used for data analysis using the SPSS version 16 program and descriptive statistics and tests Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square test, independent-sample T-test, and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS In the present study, participating a total of 780 older adult men aged 73.0 ± 29.32 years. There was a significant relationship between the satisfaction of BPNs and GH (p < 0.001). Also, 41% of the older adults were in poor GH and 30% were high in BPNs. Multiple logistic regression showed that the BPNs, age, income satisfaction, weather, and war zone were strong predictors of GH. the adjusted R2 value of 0.55 shows that the model described 55% of changes in the GH score. CONCLUSION According to the findings of the study on the relationship between the satisfaction of BPNs and GH, providing insurance, social and economic support by developing health policies, creating supportive health environments, strengthening community action, and developing individual skills in the older adults can help improve their MH and that of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan vismoradi ‑Aineh
- grid.411600.2School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Alipour
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Community Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Ramezankhani
- grid.411600.2Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Shakeri
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Psychiatry, Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Yarmohammadi
- grid.411600.2Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Marashi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Purpose in Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review on Conceptualization, Measures, and Determinants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105860. [PMID: 35627396 PMCID: PMC9141815 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose in life (PIL) is a psychological construct that reflects one’s life goals and the desire or determination to pursue them. Having a purpose provides an intrinsic motivation to adopt healthy behaviors as we age, which will help us to achieve positive health outcomes. Thus, promoting PIL is the cornerstone for successful aging and better health outcomes. This systematic review aims to identify how PIL is conceptualized, measured in the existing literature and what are the determinants of PIL in older adults (≥65 years). Electronic searches were conducted in five databases (Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science). A total of 44 studies were included in the review. PIL was conceptualized in six different ways: health and well-being, meaningful goals and purpose, inner strength, social relationships, mattering to others, and spirituality and religiousness. There were six main questionnaires and semi structured interviews used to capture PIL. Female gender, higher education and income, being married, ethnicity, health and well-being, inner strength, social integration and spirituality were associated with PIL. Majority of the included studies had low to moderate Risk of Bias (RoB) assuring confidence in the results. The conceptual frameworks of PIL identified in the review underscore the complexity of the construct. Several sociodemographic and other determinants of PIL were identified.
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Okuzono SS, Shiba K, Kim ES, Shirai K, Kondo N, Fujiwara T, Kondo K, Lomas T, Trudel-Fitzgerald C, Kawachi I, VanderWeele TJ. Ikigai and subsequent health and wellbeing among Japanese older adults: Longitudinal outcome-wide analysis. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 21:100391. [PMID: 35141667 PMCID: PMC8814687 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having a purpose in life has been linked to improved health and wellbeing; however, it remains unknown whether having "Ikigai"-a related but broader concept in Japan-is also beneficial for various physical and psychosocial outcomes. METHODS Using data from a nationwide longitudinal study of Japanese older adults aged ≥65 years, we examined the associations between having Ikigai in 2013 and a wide range of subsequent outcomes assessed in 2016 across two databases (n = 6,441 and n = 8,041), including dimensions of physical health, health behavior, psychological distress, social wellbeing, subjective wellbeing, and pro-social/altruistic behaviors. We adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and the outcome values (whenever data were available) in the prior wave (2010). FINDINGS Having Ikigai (vs. not having Ikigai) was associated with a 31% lower risk of developing functional disability [95% confidence interval (CI) for risk ratio: 0.58, 0.82] and 36% lower risk of developing dementia [95% CI for risk ratio: 0.48, 0.86] during the three-year follow-up. Having Ikigai was associated with decreased depressive symptoms and hopelessness as well as higher happiness, life satisfaction, instrumental activity of daily living, and certain social outcomes (e.g., more frequent participation in hobby clubs). Some of these associations were stronger for men than women, and among individuals with high socioeconomic status (p-values for effect measure modification < 001). INTERPRETATION Having Ikigai may promote health and wellbeing outcomes among Japanese older adults, but particularly men and individuals with high socioeconomic status. FUNDING NIH, John Templeton Foundation, JSPS, AMED, MHLW, MEXT, and WPE Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakurako S. Okuzono
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shiba
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, 1737 Cambridge St., MA, USA
| | - Eric S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katunori Kondo
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Moriokacho, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage Ward, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tim Lomas
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, 1737 Cambridge St., MA, USA
| | - Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
| | - Tyler J. VanderWeele
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, 1737 Cambridge St., MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 677 Huntington Ave., MA, USA
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The relationship between physical activity and polypharmacy with Ikigai in a population. EUREKA: HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5679.2022.002348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim: The Japanese word “ikigai” indicates “something to live for” and “having a purpose in life”. Ikigai or well-being, has been associated with many positive outcomes in the physical and mental health of elderly people. In this study, the relationship between ikigai and level of physical activity and polypharmacy was examined in a Turkish population.
Material and methods: Both telephonic interviews and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 307 participants (59.2 % women) who completed the Ikigai-9 Turkey Scale and provided demographic information.
Results: Correlations between groups (polypharmacy vs. non-polypharmacy) were analyzed with an independent t-test and analysis of variance. The means of the ikigai scores were statistically significant in the polypharmacy (24.04±8.72) and non-polypharmacy 32.64±7.53) groups (p<0.05). The number of drugs used was negatively correlated with duration of exercise per week (1.32±1.82, correlation coefficient = 0.538, p<0.05).
Conclusions: The level of ikigai was negatively correlated with polypharmacy and positively correlated with duration of physical activity. An individual’s ikigai should be assessed by healthcare providers to maximize positive outcomes later in life
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Ribeiro CC, Borim FSA, Batistoni SSST, Cachioni M, Neri AL, Yassuda MS. Propósito de vida e desempenho de atividades avançadas de vida diária em idosos mais velhos. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562022025.210216.pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Verificar a associação entre propósito de vida (PV) e a realização de atividades avançadas e instrumentais de vida diária (AAVD e AIVD) em idosos. Método Estudo de corte transversal com participantes da avaliação de seguimento do estudo FIBRA (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros) nas cidades de Campinas e Ermelino Matarazzo (SP), Brasil, nos anos de 2016 e 2017. Participaram 187 idosos com 80 anos e mais recrutados em domicílios familiares. O protocolo incluiu a aplicação de um teste de rastreio de deficit cognitivo sugestivo de demência, escala para avaliação das AAVD, a Escala de Lawton e Brody avaliando AIVD, a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e a Escala de Propósito de Vida de Ryff e Keyes (1995). Resultados Os participantes tinham em média 83,81 (±3,60) anos, 4,38 (±3,76) anos de escolaridade e tinham renda mensal média de 3,49 salários mínimos (±2,61) e 125 (66,8%) eram mulheres. Análises de regressão hierárquica mostraram associações estatisticamente significativas entre PV, sintomas depressivos e pontuação mais alta em AAVD (p=0,003) e sem associação significativa com AIVD (0,580), em modelo ajustado para variáveis sociodemográficas, avaliação subjetiva de saúde, desempenho cognitivo e depressão. Conclusões Os idosos com maior escore de PV e menor número de sintomas depressivos foram mais propensos a realizar AAVD, mas não AIVD, que se associaram à idade, sexo, sintomas depressivos e desempenho cognitivo. PV pode colaborar para a manutenção do estado funcional no idoso, contribuindo para um envelhecimento saudável.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cristovão Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil; Centro de Ensino Superior de Foz do Iguaçu (CESUFOZ), Brasil
| | | | | | - Meire Cachioni
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brasil
| | | | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brasil
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Ribeiro CC, Borim FSA, Batistoni SSST, Cachioni M, Neri AL, Yassuda MS. Purpose in life and performance of advanced activities of daily living among the oldest old. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562022025.210216.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective To verify the association between purpose in life (PL) and the performance in advanced (AADL) and instrumental (IADL) activities of daily living. Methods Cross-sectional community-based study which analyzed data from the follow-up assessment of the FIBRA Study (Frailty in Elderly Brazilians) in the cities of Campinas and Ermelino Matarazzo (SP), Brazil, in 2016 and 2017. Participants were 187 community dwelling persons aged 80 years and older. The protocol included the application of a cognitive deficit screening test suggestive of dementia, an inventory assessing AADL, the Lawton and Brody scale (IADL), the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Ryff and Keyes’ (1995) Purpose in Life Scale. Results Participants had an average of 83.81 (±3.60) years, 4.38 (± 3.76) years of schooling, 3.49 minimum wages (±2.61) of income, 125 (66.8%) being women. Hierarchical linear regression analyzes showed that PV and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with a higher number of AADL (p=0.003) and no significant association with IADL scores (0.580), in a model adjusted for sociodemographic variables, self-rated health, cognitive performance and depression. Conclusions The results suggest that older adults with higher PL and lower number of depression symptoms are more likely to perform a higher number of AADL. This association was not observed for IADL, which were associated with age, sex, depression and cognitive performance. PL may have an impact on complex levels of functional status in the elderly, thus contributing to healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cristovão Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil; Centro de Ensino Superior de Foz do Iguaçu (CESUFOZ), Brasil
| | | | | | - Meire Cachioni
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brasil
| | | | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brasil
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Fujihara S, Miyaguni Y, Tsuji T, Kondo K. Community-level social participation and functional disability among older adults: A JAGES multilevel longitudinal study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 100:104632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Ukawa S, Tamakoshi A, Tani Y, Sasaki Y, Saito J, Haseda M, Shirai K, Kondo N, Kondo K, Kawachi I. Leisure activities and instrumental activities of daily living: A 3-year cohort study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 22:152-159. [PMID: 34936183 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM We prospectively examined the association between leisure activities and changes in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among participants of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). METHODS We analyzed data collected from 49 732 JAGES participants (23 359 men and 26 373 women), aged ≥65 years, from 24 municipalities in Japan. MEASUREMENTS Baseline data were obtained for 25 types of leisure activities in which the cohort members participated. Baseline (2010) and follow-up (2013) data on IADL were collected - the outcome indicated changes in IADL scores from 2010 to 2013. We regressed changes in IADL scores from the 2010 to 2013 to the number of leisure activities. RESULTS Older adults who engaged in more leisure activities had higher changes in IADL scores than those who engaged in fewer leisure activities: the β values (95% confidence interval [CI]) of the IADL scores were 0.001 [-0.04-0.04], 0.04 [0.01-0.08], 0.09 [0.05-0.13], 0.09 [0.05-0.14], 0.08 [0.02-0.13], and 0.13 [0.07-0.18] for having one, two, three, four, five, and more than six types of leisure activities (P for trend <0.001), respectively. Similar associations were found for different types of leisure activities, including predominantly physical and cultural activities. Statistically significant linear trends were obtained among the group, solitary, and other leisure activity subgroups (P for trend <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Encouraging engagement in leisure activities may promote maintenance of IADL among older populations. Different types of leisure activities appear to have similar positive impacts on IADL. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Ukawa
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Sasaki
- Department of International Health and Collaboration, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junko Saito
- Behavioral Science Division, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maho Haseda
- Department of Social Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Agency for Gerontological Evaluation Study, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Japan Agency for Gerontological Evaluation Study, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Sirin H, Ahmadi AA, Ketrez G, Ozbeyaz C, Dikmen AU, Ozkan S. Assessment of anxiety in elderly population during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of compulsory home-stay in the central districts of Ankara, Turkey: A quantitative, qualitative mixed method study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 36:1785-1794. [PMID: 34231924 PMCID: PMC8420385 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the level of anxiety in elderly individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ankara province of Turkey and determine its associated factors. METHODS A quantitative, qualitative mixed-method study performed in 1-10 June 2020 during the compulsory home-stay for elderly people in Turkey. The quantitative study was conducted using a structured online questionnaire with 278 participants aged 65 or older. The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) was used to assess the anxiety. An in-depth interview with 20 participants was used to fill the gap of face-to-face interview due to pandemic situation and strengthen the results of quantitative survey. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed separately. RESULTS Of all participants, 88 (31.7%) had a score above the cut-off point for GAI. The prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) was significantly higher in female (37.8%) than in male (23.8%). Female gender, economic loss, uncertainty, and the time participants expend to follow news about COVID-19 pandemic were risk factors of GAD. On the other hand, higher education level, hobbies, and regular physical activity were protective factors against GAD. CONCLUSION During the pandemic, social isolation and lockdown for elderly people make serious risk factor for their mental well-being. Measures must be taken to support the psychological well-being of elderly by promoting physical activity and hobbies at home, and reducing their economic concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Sirin
- Public Health DepartmentUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Gamze Ketrez
- Public Health DepartmentUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | - Cagri Ozbeyaz
- Public Health DepartmentUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Secil Ozkan
- Public Health DepartmentGazi UniversityAnkaraTurkey
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Ishii M, Nakagawa K, Yoshimi K, Okumura T, Hasegawa S, Yamaguchi K, Nakane A, Tamai T, Nagasawa Y, Yoshizawa A, Tohara H. Higher Activity and Quality of Life Correlates with Swallowing Function in Older Adults with Low Activities of Daily Living. Gerontology 2021; 68:673-681. [PMID: 34818215 DOI: 10.1159/000518495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship among swallowing function, activity, and quality of life (QOL) in older adults with low activities of daily living (ADL). MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study. In total, 271 Japanese adults aged over 65 years who underwent medical intervention at their residence (male: n = 107; female: n = 164; mean age = 84.6 ± 8.3 years) participated. We collected data regarding age, sex, body mass index (BMI), residence (their house/nursing home), activity status, consciousness level (eye response), history of aspiration pneumonia, other medical history, number of medication types, frequency of going out, and time spent away from bed. We judged consciousness level (eye response) using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), calculated the Charlson comorbidity index, measured QOL using the short version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Dementia (short QOL-D), and assessed swallowing function using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). To examine the relationship between scores for the FOIS and the other variables, we used the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and ordinal logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The FOIS was strongly correlated with BMI (ρ = 0.47), activity status (ρ = -0.60), GCS (ρ = -0.41), time spent away from bed (ρ = 0.56), scores for the short QOL-D (ρ = 0.40), weakly correlated with history of aspiration pneumonia (ρ = -0.27), and frequency of going out (ρ = 0.39). Results for the ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that the FOIS was associated with activity status, frequency of going out, time spent away from bed, and scores for the short QOL-D. CONCLUSION The swallowing function of older adults with low ADL was related to their QOL and activities, such as time spent away from bed and home. Thus, in rehabilitation programs for swallowing function in older adults, not only functional but also psychological approaches may prove effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Ishii
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Nakagawa
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshimi
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Okumura
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Hasegawa
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakane
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoe Tamai
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagasawa
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshizawa
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Tohara
- Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Maki Y. Ikigai interventions for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of dementia. AGING AND HEALTH RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2021.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Ironson G, Verhagen R, da Rosa B, Hylton E. Interview-Rated Meaning and Survival Over 17 Years in People Living With HIV. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:671-678. [PMID: 34267088 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether meaning in life predicts survival in people living with HIV (PLWH) over 17 years. This study also examined whether interviewer- and transcript-rated meanings predict survival equivalently. A third purpose of the study was to investigate whether meaning in life adds to the prediction of survival over positive emotional expression. METHODS A diverse sample of people with HIV (n = 177) completed an interview on stress and coping at baseline and were followed up for survival up to 17 years. Meaning was measured by interviewer rating of four items (meaningful purpose, unfinished business, finding new meaning, and meaningful activities). Transcript-rated meaning was assessed by two independent raters. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine whether meaning predicted survival over 17 years. RESULTS Meaning in life predicted significantly greater survival, adjusting for biomedical and sociodemographic variables whether assessed by interviewer or by transcript raters. Hazard ratios suggest that the effect is moderate to large (2.66-3.45 for top versus bottom third; 2.05-2.49 for top versus bottom half). Significance was maintained after adjusting for positive emotion. CONCLUSIONS Meaning assessed by interview (by both interviewer and transcript ratings) predicted greater survival over 17 years in PLWH and did so above positive emotion. This adds to a literature that is primarily based on self-report questionnaires. Meaning may have beneficial effects for both psychological and physical health in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Ironson
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
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Luster JE, Ratz D, Wei MY. Multimorbidity and Social Participation Is Moderated by Purpose in Life and Life Satisfaction. J Appl Gerontol 2021; 41:560-570. [PMID: 34225497 DOI: 10.1177/07334648211027691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the association between multimorbidity and social participation and whether purpose in life and life satisfaction moderate this relationship. METHODS Participants were 12,825 Health and Retirement Study adults. We used multiple linear regression to examine the association between a cumulative-updated multimorbidity-weighted index (MWI) and social participation. RESULTS Among adults with average purpose in life or life satisfaction, MWI was associated with lower social participation. For those with above average purpose in life, each 1-point increase in MWI was associated with a 0.11-point (95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.07, 0.14]) better social participation score. Participants with above average life satisfaction experienced a 0.04-point (95% CI: [0.02, 0.07]) better social participation score with each 1-point increase in MWI. DISCUSSION Multimorbidity was associated with worse social participation, but this was reversed by above average purpose in life and life satisfaction. Interventions that improve well-being should be assessed to enhance social participation among older adults with any degree of multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melissa Y Wei
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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Bimou C, Harel M, Laubarie-Mouret C, Cardinaud N, Charenton-Blavignac M, Toumi N, Trimouillas J, Gayot C, Boyer S, Hebert R, Dantoine T, Tchalla A. Patterns and predictive factors of loss of the independence trajectory among community-dwelling older adults. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:142. [PMID: 33637045 PMCID: PMC7908646 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Independence is related to the aging process. Loss of independence is defined as the inability to make decisions and participate in activities of daily living (ADLs). Independence is related to physical, psychological, biological, and socioeconomic factors. An enhanced understanding of older people's independence trajectories and associated risk factors would enable the develop early intervention strategies. METHODS Independence trajectory analysis was performed on patients identified in the Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV) database. UPSAV cohort is a prospective observational study. Participants were 221 community-dwelling persons aged ≥75 years followed for 24 months between July 2011-November 2013 and benefits from a prevention strategy. Data were collected prospectively using a questionnaire. Independence was assessed using the "Functional Autonomy Measurement System (Système de Mesure de l'Autonomie Fonctionnelle (SMAF))". Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was performed to identify independence trajectories, and the results were compared with those of k-means and hierarchical ascending classifications. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify predictive factors of the independence trajectory. RESULTS Three distinct trajectories of independence were identified including a "Stable functional autonomy (SFA) trajectory" (53% of patients), a "Stable then decline functional autonomy decline (SDFA) trajectory" (33% of patients) and a "Constantly functional autonomy decline (CFAD) trajectory" (14% of patients). Not being a member of an association, and previous fall were significantly associated of a SDFA trajectory (P < 0.01). Absence of financial and human assistance, no hobbies, and cognitive disorder were significantly associated with a CFAD trajectory (P < 0.01). Previous occupation and multiple pathologies were predictive factors of both declining trajectories SDFA and CFAD. CONCLUSIONS Community-living older persons exhibit distinct independence trajectories and the predictive factors. The evidence from this study suggests that the prevention and screening for the loss of independence of the older adults should be anticipated to maintaining autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bimou
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France.
- Université de Limoges; EA 6310 HAVAE Handicap Activité Vieillissement Autonomie Environnement, F-8705, Limoges, France.
- Unité de Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation en Gérontologie (URCI), Hôpital Jean Rebeyrol, CHU de Limoges, 87042, Limoges, France.
- HAVAE Laboratory, University of Limoges, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, F-87060, Limoges, France.
| | - Michel Harel
- Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse et École Supérieure du Professorat et de l'Éducation à l'Université de Limoges, 87000, Limoges, France
| | - Cécile Laubarie-Mouret
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation en Gérontologie (URCI), Hôpital Jean Rebeyrol, CHU de Limoges, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Noëlle Cardinaud
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Université de Limoges; EA 6310 HAVAE Handicap Activité Vieillissement Autonomie Environnement, F-8705, Limoges, France
| | - Marion Charenton-Blavignac
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Université de Limoges; EA 6310 HAVAE Handicap Activité Vieillissement Autonomie Environnement, F-8705, Limoges, France
| | - Nassima Toumi
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation en Gérontologie (URCI), Hôpital Jean Rebeyrol, CHU de Limoges, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Justine Trimouillas
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
| | - Caroline Gayot
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
| | - Sophie Boyer
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Université de Limoges; EA 6310 HAVAE Handicap Activité Vieillissement Autonomie Environnement, F-8705, Limoges, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation en Gérontologie (URCI), Hôpital Jean Rebeyrol, CHU de Limoges, 87042, Limoges, France
| | | | - Thierry Dantoine
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Université de Limoges; EA 6310 HAVAE Handicap Activité Vieillissement Autonomie Environnement, F-8705, Limoges, France
| | - Achille Tchalla
- CHU de Limoges, Pôle HU Gérontologie Clinique, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Unité de Prévention de Suivi et d'Analyse du Vieillissement (UPSAV), CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther King, F-87042, Limoges, France
- Université de Limoges; EA 6310 HAVAE Handicap Activité Vieillissement Autonomie Environnement, F-8705, Limoges, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation en Gérontologie (URCI), Hôpital Jean Rebeyrol, CHU de Limoges, 87042, Limoges, France
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Kobayashi T, Tani Y, Kino S, Fujiwara T, Kondo K, Kawachi I. Prospective Study of Engagement in Leisure Activities and All-Cause Mortality Among Older Japanese Adults. J Epidemiol 2021; 32:245-253. [PMID: 33551388 PMCID: PMC9086310 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20200427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Engagement in leisure activities among older people is associated with a lower risk of mortality. However, no studies have been conducted focusing on the difference of associations with mortality risk among multiple types of leisure activities. Methods We examined prospectively the association of engagement in leisure activities with all-cause mortality in a cohort of older Japanese adults. The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study included 48,216 participants aged 65 years or older. During a mean follow-up period of 5.6 years, we observed 5,575 deaths (11.6%). We investigated the total number of leisure activities, as well as combinations of 25 different leisure activities with Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results We found a linear relationship between the total number of leisure activities and mortality hazard (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.92–0.95). Furthermore, engagement in leisure activities involving physical activity, as well as group-based interactions, showed the strongest associations with lowered mortality. By contrast, engagement in cultural leisure activities and solitary leisure activities were not associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusion Although we cannot rule out residual confounding, our findings suggest that encouraging engagement in physically-active group-based leisure activities may promote longevity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Kobayashi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Shiho Kino
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
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Nakao R, Nitta A, Yumiba M, Ota K, Kamohara S, Ohnishi M. Factors related to ikigai among older residents participating in hillside residential community-based activities in Nagasaki City, Japan. J Rural Med 2021; 16:42-46. [PMID: 33442434 PMCID: PMC7788305 DOI: 10.2185/jrm.2020-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the factors related to
self-rated ikigai (purpose in life) among older residents participating
in hillside residential community-based activities in Nagasaki City. Methods: A self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was carried out
with older residents participating in two hillside residential community-based activities
in Nagasaki City, Japan. The questionnaire included questions on sociodemographic
information (age, sex, family structure, education, and self-rated economic satisfaction),
self-rated health, mental health status measured using Geriatric Depression Scale-15
(GDS-15), and self-rated ikigai score that was estimated using a visual analog scale. Results: A total of 32 older residents (7 males, 25 females) participated in
the questionnaire survey. Although self-rated ikigai score was not associated with
sociodemographic factors, there were associations between the score, self-rated health
(P=0.001), and mental health (GDS-15) (P=0.015).
Statistically significant correlations between self-rated ikigai score and social
participation (ρ=0.426, P=0.017), self-rated health (ρ=−0.485,
P=0.007), and mental health (GDS-15) (ρ=−0.523,
P=0.007) were observed. Conclusion: Increasing social participation may increase individual ikigai,
preventing poor self-rated health and low mental health status in older people.
Maintaining their social participation in the community might be effective for the health
promotion of older residents in hillside residential areas of Nagasaki City.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Nakao
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | | | | | - Kanon Ota
- University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Mayumi Ohnishi
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Nomura Y, Shimada M, Kakuta E, Okada A, Otsuka R, Tomizawa Y, Taguchi C, Arikawa K, Daikoku H, Sato T, Hanada N. Mortality-and Health-Related Factors in a Community-Dwelling of Oldest-Older Adults at the Age of 90: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249584. [PMID: 33371399 PMCID: PMC7768389 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mortality is obviously intended for epidemiological studies of community-dwelling older adults. There are several health-related factors associated with nutritional status and mortality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the risk factor for mortality in community-dwelling oldest-older adults at the age of 90 and clarify the structure of health-related factors associated with mortality. A 10-year follow-up study was performed for 93 subjects at the age of 90. The mean and median of their survival days were 2373 and 2581 days for women, and 1694 and 1793 days for men. By Cox's proportional hazards model, health-related factors associated with mortality were self-assessed for chewing ability, activities of daily living (ADLs), serum albumin, total cholesterol, serum creatinine, and gripping power for women but not for men. These factors interacted with each other, and the association of these factors was different in women and men. Self-assessed chewing ability was a powerful risk factor for mortality in women at the age of 90. It acted independently from nutritional status. For older adults, addressing healthy food choices together with improved oral functions is useful. However, risk factors for mortality may depend on the life stage of subjects. To investigate the risk factor for the mortality, the life course approach is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nomura
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-45-580-8462
| | - Mieko Shimada
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba 261-0014, Japan;
| | - Erika Kakuta
- Department of Oral Bacteriology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Ayako Okada
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
| | - Ryoko Otsuka
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
| | - Yasuko Tomizawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| | - Chieko Taguchi
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Nihon University, Matsudo 470-2101, Japan; (C.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Nihon University, Matsudo 470-2101, Japan; (C.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Hideki Daikoku
- Iwate Dental Association, Morioka 020-0045, Japan; (H.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Tamotsu Sato
- Iwate Dental Association, Morioka 020-0045, Japan; (H.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Nobuhiro Hanada
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
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Effect of Social Participation on the Physical Functioning and Depression of Empty-Nest Elderly in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249438. [PMID: 33339258 PMCID: PMC7766298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the impact of social participation (SP) on physical functioning and depression among empty-nest elderly taking part in the fourth wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS, 2018). The instrumental variable (IV) method and propensity score matching (PSM) method were used to analyse the impact of SP. The two-stage regression results of the IV method showed that SP has a significant negative impact on the physical functioning scores of empty-nest elderly (β = −3.539, p < 0.001) and non-empty-nest elderly (β = −4.703, p < 0.001), and SP has a significant negative impact on the depression scores of empty-nest elderly (β = −2.404, p < 0.001) and non-empty-nest elderly (β = −1.957, p < 0.001). The results of the PSM method were basically consistent with the IV method. Compared with non-empty-nest elderly, SP had more positive effects on the depression of empty-nest elderly (Wald χ2 = 6.62, p = 0.010). Providing a friendly and supportive environment for the SP of empty-nest elderly was an important measure to promote healthy ageing. Targeted SP may be one of the greatest opportunities to improve the mental health of empty-nest elderly.
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Taira K, Ogata S, Kamide K. Comparing the differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy among prefectures in Japan. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:371. [PMID: 32758291 PMCID: PMC7404923 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An ecological study using secondary open data from Japanese government statistics was conducted. The study aimed to verify differences in three measures of healthy life expectancy (HLE); namely, disability-free life expectancy without activity limitation (DFLE-AL), life expectancy with self-perceived health (LE-SH), and disability-free life expectancy without care need (DFLE-CN). RESULTS Each HLE from 47 prefectures in 2010, 2013, and 2016 was extended over time. There were strong Cronbach's coefficient alpha (α) between DFLE-AL and LE-SH (Minimum α; 0.80, Maximum α; 0.90) as well as between LE and DFLE-CN (Minimum α; 0.92, Maximum α; 0.99) in both sexes in every data year. However, the other pairs had weaker associations. In regression analysis with each HLE as a dependent variable and aging rate, mortality, the proportion of unhealthy people as independent variables, the subjective unhealthy rate had significant standardized partial regression coefficients (β) in models with DFLE-AL and LE-SH as dependent variables (Minimum β; - 0.56, Maximum β; - 0.34). Therefore, DFLE-CN tended to differ from the other HLEs. The subjective unhealthy rate had a significant influence on DFLE-AL and LE-SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Taira
- Department of Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Shogoinkawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Tuijt R, Leung P, Profyri E, Orgeta V. Development and preliminary validation of the Meaningful and Enjoyable Activities Scale (MEAS) in mild dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 35:944-952. [PMID: 32363608 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging in meaningful activity is an important contributor to well-being in late life. This study aimed to develop a new measure of meaningful and enjoyable activities in people living with mild dementia. METHODS The study consisted of four phases: (a) a review of measures of meaningful activity in older people; (b) interviews with people with dementia and their carers (n = 32), (c) expert opinion; and (d) feasibility testing in a pilot randomised controlled trial (n = 63). RESULTS The development process resulted in a 20-item questionnaire. The Meaningful and Enjoyable Activities Scale (MEAS) evidenced appropriate levels of internal consistency (α = .79). Higher scores correlated with higher functional independence (r = -.605, P < .001), patient (r = .330, P = .010) and carer-rated patient quality of life (r = .505, P < .001). Multiple regression analyses showed that functional independence made a significant independent contribution in predicting higher levels of meaningful activity (F[7,45] = 6.75, P < .001, R2 = .512; β = -.444, P = .001). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a revised three-factor 9-item model provided good fit for the data (X2 = 22.74, P = .54, GFI = 0.93, RMSE = 0.00), with leisure-time physical activity, social engagement and mentally stimulating activities as the key dimensions. CONCLUSION Our study provides support for the construct of meaningful activity in people with mild dementia. Although we find preliminary evidence that the MEAS has adequate psychometric properties, future large scale studies are required to test its validity further and responsiveness to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remco Tuijt
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Phuong Leung
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eleni Profyri
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vasiliki Orgeta
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Li ZH, Chen Q, Byers Kraus V, Shen D, Zhang XR, Zhang PD, Zhong WF, Lv YB, Huang QM, Song WQ, Wang D, Wu XB, Shi XM, Mao C. Leisure activities and disability in activities of daily living among the oldest-old Chinese population: evidence from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10687-10703. [PMID: 32532929 PMCID: PMC7346052 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: To investigate the independent and joint effects of leisure activities on disability in activities of daily living (ADL) among the oldest-old Chinese population (aged ≥ 80 years). Results: A total of 3696 participants with ADL disability were identified during the median follow-up period of 3.1 years. Compared to the participants who “never” watched TV or listened to the radio and who “never” kept domestic animals or pets, those who engaged in these activities “almost every day” had a significantly lower ADL disability risk (adjusted hazard ratios were 0.74 and 0.66, respectively; both P < 0.001). Furthermore, participants engaging in multiple leisure activities showed a reduced risk of ADL disability (P for trend < 0.001). Conclusions: Frequently watching TV or listening to the radio and keeping domestic animals or pets was associated with a lower risk of ADL disability among the oldest-old Chinese population. Methods: We included 12,331 participants (aged ≥ 80 years) (mean [SD] age: 89.5 [7.0] years) who managed to perform ADL independently at baseline in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey 1998-2014 waves. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine whether leisure activities were associated with ADL disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Virginia Byers Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Ru Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Fang Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue-Bin Lv
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Mei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Qi Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Health Services Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian-Bo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shi
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Ribeiro CC, Yassuda MS, Neri AL. Purpose in life in adulthood and older adulthood: integrative review. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:2127-2142. [PMID: 32520260 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020256.20602018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose in life (PiL) is defined as the sense that life has meaning and intentionality, and plays a guiding role in life goals and decision making regarding the use of personal resources. OBJECTIVES to recognize and analyze data on PiL and conditions associated with good aging or with positive adaptation in aging. METHOD an integrative review of articles in peer-reviewed journals published in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo and Scielo/BVS/Lilacs databases was performed using the terms "purpose in life" and "aging" in the title, without temporal restriction. RESULTS twenty-seven articles were selected, 22 of which were conducted under large prospective longitudinal studies, 3 were cross-sectional studies and 2 were experimental studies. The studies revealed robust associations between high PiL scores and lower risk of death, Alzheimer's disease, coronary and cerebrovascular diseases, disability, and sleep disorders; high PiL and positive outcomes in health, cognition, emotional regulation, subjective well-being, and sense of adjustment; PiL as a moderator or resilience resource between risks and adversities and good adaptation. These data are useful for research and intervention involving long-lived and vulnerable older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cristovão Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo. 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
| | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo. 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
| | - Anita Liberalesso Neri
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo. 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Saeki K. Regular dental visits may prevent severe functional disability: A community-based prospective study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 88:104019. [PMID: 32032835 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that regular dental visits can affect the relationship of tooth loss with mortality and functional disability. However, the independent association between regular dental visits and incident functional disability is unclear. METHODS Our study participants were community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years, without disability at baseline. The outcome was the level of incident functional disability, as defined in a new certification of the public long-term care insurance. We defined no disability as no certification at follow-up, mild disability as support levels 1-2 and care level 1 (i.e., independent in basic ADL, but requiring some help in daily activities), and severe disability as care levels 2-5 (i.e., dependent in basic ADL). The exposure variable, based on the questionnaire, was regular dental visits at baseline. Covariates included gender, age, socio-economic status, health status, lifestyle habits, physical and mental functioning, and oral health variables. Using multinomial logistic regression, we calculated adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for mild disability and severe disability, with no disability as a reference category. RESULTS Among 8,877 participants, the 33-month cumulative incidence of mild and severe disability was 6.0 % and 1.8 %, respectively. After controlling for all covariates, regular dental visits at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of incident severe disability (aOR 0.65; 95 % CI, 0.46-0.91) but not the incidence of mild disability (aOR 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.79-1.17). CONCLUSIONS Encouraging dental visits may contribute to prevention of severe functional disability and extension of healthy life expectancy among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Su JJ, Yu DSF, Paguio JT. Effect of eHealth cardiac rehabilitation on health outcomes of coronary heart disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:754-772. [PMID: 31769527 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effects of eHealth cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on health outcomes of coronary heart disease patients and to identify programme design, which may lead to more effective health benefits. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis following Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. DATA SOURCES Medline, EMBASE, CLNAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails, PubMed and CNKI were searched over the period from 1806 to April 2019. REVIEW METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effect of eHealth CR on health outcomes of coronary heart disease patients. We used RevMan 5.3 for risk of bias assessment and meta-analysis and GRADE software for generating findings. RESULTS In all, 14 trials with 1,783 participants were included. eHealth CR has significantly promoted duration of physical activity, daily steps, quality of life (QoL) and re-hospitalization. Using comparative analysis of programme design elements, including mode of delivery, intervention content, motivational strategies and social support, between the effective and ineffective eHealth CR, it was found that comprehensive empowerment strategies and follow-up care by tele-monitoring may be the crucial characteristics leading to more favourable treatment effect. CONCLUSION eHealth CR is effective in engaging patients in active lifestyle, improving QoL and reducing re-hospitalization. Future research needs to test the effects of comprehensive CR programmes by incorporating empowerment strategies and tele-monitoring as active components. IMPACT eHealth has been increasingly applied to increase accessibility and uptake of CR. Integrative evidence to indicate its effects on health outcomes is lacking. This review identified its positive effects on some behavioural, psychosocial and health service use outcomes. Together with insights about which programme design elements may positively shape the outcomes, this review informs the role and practice of cardiovascular nurses in promoting evidence-based eHealth CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing Su
- Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong
| | - Doris Sau Fung Yu
- The School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong
| | - Jenniffer Torralba Paguio
- Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong
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Strøm BS, Engedal K, Rokstad AM. Engagement in Everyday Activities among People Living in Indian Nursing Homes: The Association with Person-Centredness. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2020; 10:13-26. [PMID: 32158463 PMCID: PMC7011750 DOI: 10.1159/000505396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It has been reported that residents living in nursing homes are often inactive and lonely and are offered a limited number of activities. However, high engagement in activities has been reported to improve residents' quality of life and engagement in personalized activities can even reduce agitation and enhance positive mood. Information regarding occupational patterns and purpose in life is well established in Western countries. However, we know next to nothing about how people living in Indian nursing homes spend their days. Objective To explore the participation in everyday activities among older people in Indian nursing homes and the extent to which engagement in activities is associated with person-centred care. Methods The study was conducted in 6 nursing homes in India, comprising 147 residents. In all, 23 nursing staff took part and completed a 26-item questionnaire about resident activities based on the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale and the Person-Directed Care Questionnaire. Person-centredness was measured with the Person-Centred Care Assessment Tool. Results We found low participation in everyday activities among the residents. Participation in religious activities was the most frequent, whereas the least used activities were excursions, participating in cultural activities, taking part in educational programmes, visiting a restaurant and going to the cinema. A significant positive association was found between person-centred care and participation in religious activities, engagement in an activity programme and physical activity. Conclusions The most frequently attended activity was religious activities. Person-centred care was associated with participation in religious activities, engagement in an activity programme, physical activity, spending time in the garden and playing and listening to music.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Knut Engedal
- Norwegian Advisory Unit for Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital HF, Tønsberg, Norway.,Department of Geriatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Anne Marie Rokstad
- Norwegian Advisory Unit for Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital HF, Tønsberg, Norway.,Faculty of Health Science and Social Care, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Saeki K. Older Adult Males Who Worked at Small-Sized Workplaces Have an Increased Risk of Decline in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: A Community-Based Prospective Study. J Epidemiol 2019; 29:407-413. [PMID: 30298862 PMCID: PMC6776476 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20180113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the relationship of working history from early adulthood through old age with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). METHODS Analyzed participants were 5,857 community-dwelling older Japanese people aged ≥65 years. Using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence, IADL decline was defined as individuals who had no IADL dependence at baseline but were deemed as dependent in IADL at follow-up. Work history was based on working status at baseline, total working years, and information concerning the longest held job, including occupation, employment pattern, and workplace size (number of employees). We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses and estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for IADL decline with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by gender. RESULTS At the 33-month follow-up, 428 men (16.6%) and 275 women (8.4%) developed IADL decline. After covariate adjustments, men with unstable employment reported significantly increased IADL decline (OR 1.52; 95% CI, 1.19-1.95) compared to men with stable employment, and men who worked in small workplaces with 1-49 employees had an increased risk for IADL decline (OR 1.53; 95% CI, 1.21-1.93) compared to men in large-sized workplaces with ≥50 employees. After mutual adjustment for all working history items, only the association between small workplaces and IADL decline remained significant in men (OR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.03-1.84). Among women, none of the working history items were associated with IADL decline. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that not only promoting older people's workforce participation, but also providing workers employed at small workplaces with sufficient occupational health services, may be effective in helping men retain IADL in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University
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Influence of pretreatment quality of life on prognosis in patients with urothelial carcinoma. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 25:362-369. [PMID: 31655941 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the association between the pretreatment quality of life (QOL) and overall survival (OS) in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC), as the influence of pretreatment QOL on prognosis remains unclear in patients with localized and metastatic UC. METHODS Between June 2013 and May 2019, we retrospectively investigated 205 patients with UC who received radical cystectomy or nephroureterectomy for non-metastatic UC (M0 group) or systemic chemotherapy for metastatic UC (M1 group). Patients answered the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire C30 (QLQ-C30) before the treatments. Patients were stratified into two groups: QOL high and low according to the optimal cutoff scores which were defined by receiver operating characteristic curve. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-adjusted multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the clinical implication of pretreatment QOL score on OS in patients with UC. RESULTS The number of patients in the M0 and M1 groups was 125 and 80, respectively. Optimal cutoff values in global, fatigue, pain, appetite loss, physical, and role scores were < 50, > 33, > 33, > 16, < 80, and < 67, respectively. IPTW-adjusted multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that appetite loss score indicated a significantly poorer OS in the M1 group. No significant association of QOL with OS was observed in the M0 group. CONCLUSION Pretreatment QOL of appetite loss may predict poor prognosis of patients with metastatic UC.
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Saeki K. The differential effects of type and frequency of social participation on IADL declines of older people. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207426. [PMID: 30462711 PMCID: PMC6248949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although social participation (SP) is valid in active aging, it is vague which types and the frequency of SP are effective in maintaining instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). We conducted a community-based prospective cohort study and investigated the association of the types and frequency for SP with IADL decline in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS The target population were all individuals aged ≥65 living in a commuter town in Nara, Japan. A total of 6,013 participants with independent IADL at baseline were analyzed. IADL was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence. Six SP types were assessed: volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby clubs, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations, and cultural clubs. The frequency of SP was categorized into frequent (i.e., weekly or more), moderate (i.e., monthly or yearly), and non-participation. Using multiple logistic regression models, the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for IADL decline were calculated. Covariates included age, marital status, education, subjective economic status, work status, body mass index, chronic medical conditions (i.e., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease), lifestyle factors (i.e., alcohol, smoking, and exercise), self-rated health, depression, and cognitive functioning. To examine gender differences, stratified analyses by gender were performed. RESULTS During the 33-month follow-up, 16.4% of men and 8.7% of women exhibited IADL decline. After adjustment for all covariates, compared to those who never participated, women with moderate participation had significantly lower odds of IADL decline in volunteer groups (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.31-0.88), hobby clubs (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.38-0.79), neighborhood community associations (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.42-0.81), and cultural clubs (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.82), and women with frequent participation had lower odds of IADL decline in hobby clubs (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43-0.93). In contrast, among men, the significant association between SP and less risk of IADL decline was limited to moderate participation in neighborhood community associations (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.63-0.99), and there were no differences between frequent participation and non-participation in all types of SP. Regarding volunteer groups, compared to women with frequent participation, women with moderate participation had a significantly lower risk of IADL decline (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18-0.77). The results of additional stratified analyses by self-rated health, depression, and cognitive functioning showed that the associations of the type and frequency of SP with IADL decline varied according to physical and mental functioning. CONCLUSIONS Several types of SP have a favorable effect on IADL through moderate participation rather than frequent participation, and women with moderate participation in volunteer groups have a more beneficial effect on IADL than women with frequent participation. When advising community-dwelling older adults on SP for IADL maintenance, health professionals may need to take into account plateau effects, gender differences, and physical and mental functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Otsuki T. Older Community Residents Who Participate in Group Activities Have Higher Daily Physical Activity Levels and Lower Medical Costs. Asia Pac J Public Health 2018; 30:629-634. [PMID: 30338696 DOI: 10.1177/1010539518806809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Participation in a group activity improves levels of activities of daily living and self-rated health in community-dwelling older adults. However, whether the group activity is associated with daily physical activity (PA) levels and medical costs has not yet been explored. The author administered a questionnaire to participants of group activities for community-dwelling older adults. Levels of daily PA were greater in those who participated once a month (n = 1147), twice a month (n = 1432), and 4 times a month (n = 635) compared with nonparticipating counterparts (n = 570). In the stepwise regression, group activity participation rate was identified as an independent predictor of daily PA levels. Before group activities began, there were no differences in medical costs between participants (n = 721) and nonparticipants (n = 1124). However, after group activities were established, medical costs were lower in participants than in nonparticipants. These results suggest that older community residents who participate in group activities have higher daily PA levels and lower medical costs.
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Uemura JI, Tanikaga M, Tanaka M, Shimose M, Hoshino A, Igarashi G. Selection of Activity Items for Development of the Activity Card Sort-Japan Version. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2018; 39:23-31. [PMID: 29973116 DOI: 10.1177/1539449218784729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Activity Card Sort (ACS) can both record the clients' participation and any changes, which is a useful tool for practitioners to establish tailored occupation-focused goals. However, there is a limitation to apply the ACS to Japanese older adults as it consists of culturally relevant activities in the United States. The aim of this study was to select activity items reflecting Japanese older adults' lifestyles and opinions to develop the Activity Card Sort-Japan Version (ACS-JPN). In the item selection process, a two-round questionnaire survey was conducted for community-dwelling Japanese older adults (Round 1: n = 177, M age = 69.9 years; Round 2: n = 178, M age = 74.9 years). Seventy-two activity items were finally included in the ACS-JPN and were classified into four domains. The ACS-JPN has some unique features compared with other ACS versions. This study only selected activity items. Further work on psychometric properties is needed.
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Iwasa H, Yoshida Y. Actual Conditions of Leisure Activity Among Older Community-Dwelling Japanese Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2018; 4:2333721418781677. [PMID: 29977981 PMCID: PMC6024331 DOI: 10.1177/2333721418781677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For healthy longevity, according to the theoretical framework of “successful aging,” it is not only essential to avoid disease and disability, and to keep high levels of mental and physical functioning, but also to engage with life. Thus, satisfactory leisure activity is important for the aged. We examined actual conditions of leisure activity among older adults in Japan, which can contribute to the development of a standardized leisure activity scale. Participants were 843 community-dwellers (390 men and 453 women, 70.5 ± 6.9 years old) who completed 58 draft leisure activity items. Three procedures (including item selection, factor analyses, and correlation analyses) were conducted to finalize the leisure activity list and evaluate its psychometric properties. Through item selection procedures, 15 items were regarded as inappropriate and were omitted from the analysis. The factor analyses resulted in an 11-factor solution with 43 items. Correlation analysis revealed that Factors 2 (social-public), 5 (social-private), 7 (technology use), 8 (travel), and 10 (developmental activity) had relationships with health outcomes (including functional capacity, social network, subjective well-being, and health literacy). A standardized leisure activity list among modern middle-aged and elderly people was developed, and was associated in part with health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Iwasa
- Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima City, Japan
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
- Hajime Iwasa, Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Yuko Yoshida
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
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Okura M, Ogita M, Yamamoto M, Nakai T, Numata T, Arai H. Community activities predict disability and mortality in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18:1114-1124. [PMID: 29603568 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM With aging, it is important to maintain older community dwellers' regular engagement with familiar community activities (CA) engaged in close to home to protect them from frailty. Thus, the present study aimed to examine whether CA items or CA score were associated with mortality or the need for care under the new long-term care insurance service requirements over 3 years among community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS We analyzed cohort data for older adults from a prospective cohort study in Kami town, Japan. The response rate to the self-reported questionnaire was 94.3% (n = 5094), and we followed these participants for 3 years. Our final sample comprised 5076 older adults. Missing data were filled in using multiple imputation. We used seven items to assess CA: (i) volunteer activity; (ii) regional activity related to the neighborhood; (iii) visiting friends; (iv) hobbies or favorite lessons; (v) earning an income; (vi) farm work and growing vegetables; and (vii) shopping daily by oneself. The Kihon Checklist and new long-term care insurance service certifications were used as the frailty screening and disability indices, respectively. RESULTS During the follow-up survey, 705 participants obtained new long-term care insurance service certifications and 262 died. Using the receiver operating characteristic curve, the desirable cut-off of the CA score to predict disability and mortality was at least two items for all elderly age groups in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS CA items and CA score could predict disability and mortality in community-dwelling older adults in Japanese rural areas. Therefore, it is recommended that older adults from all age groups participate in CA. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1114-1124.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Okura
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mihoko Ogita
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Miki Yamamoto
- Kami-cho Municipal Office, Welfare Section, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshimi Nakai
- Kami-cho Municipal Office, Welfare Section, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Numata
- Kami-cho Municipal Office, Health Section, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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Meaning and its association with happiness, health and healthcare utilization: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2018; 227:795-802. [PMID: 29689694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meaning in life is not only a significant component of psychological well-being, but also a neglected issue with clinical importance that needs to be studied further, especially its association with health and healthcare utilization. OBJECTIVE To study the level of meaning and its association with happiness, health and healthcare utilization among the elderly in Hong Kong. METHODS A cross-sectional survey via telephone was conducted among 1000 elderly aged 60 years or above in Hong Kong. RESULTS Higher level of meaning was associated with being quite/very happy, and better health status (better self-rated health status, less chronic illnesses, lower level of frailty, no limitation of activities) before and after adjustments. It was also associated with decreased likelihood of healthcare utilization (number of medications intake, hospitalization and Acute and Emergency (A&E) admission) before and after adjusted for socio-demographics. Path analysis showed that, the association of meaning with hospitalization, A&E admission and medication use was significantly mediated by health status among the elderly. LIMITATIONS This cross-sectional study might not include all the potential associated factors and mediators. CONCLUSIONS The sense of meaning is associated with happiness and may contribute to health and healthcare utilization among the Chinese elderly. Studies are needed to further look into the potential mechanisms. Meaning in life might be a promising interventional target for successful aging of the elderly.
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Positive and negative influences of social participation on physical and mental health among community-dwelling elderly aged 65-70 years: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMC Geriatr 2017; 17:111. [PMID: 28525988 PMCID: PMC5437627 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although numerous investigations have indicated that social participation (SP) has positive effects on the health of older adults, there have been few studies on its negative health consequences. We examined the cross-sectional associations of the type, frequency, and autonomy for SP with physical and mental health. METHODS The analytical subjects were 5126 males and 7006 females who were functionally independent, born between 1945 and 1949, and covered by A City's medical insurance system. Physical and mental health were measured using the SF-8 Health Survey. SP was measured through six types of social groups. These social groups included volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby clubs, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations, and cultural groups. Analysis of covariance was conducted to compare adjusted physical health component summary scores (PCS) and mental health component summary scores (MCS) by the frequency and autonomy of SP. Age, family size, body mass index, chronic conditions, smoking, alcohol intake, depression and cognitive functioning were included as covariates. To examine whether the associations between SP and PCS/MCS are different between genders, we performed analyses stratified by gender. RESULTS Overall, positive associations of the frequency and autonomy of SP with PCS and MCS were stronger in females than males. As to frequency, frequent participation in sports groups and hobby clubs had significantly better PCS among both genders and better MCS among females than non-participation. None of the groups differed significantly in the MCS among males. As to autonomy, among both genders, voluntary participation in sports groups and hobby clubs had significantly better PCS than non-participation, and better MCS than not only non-participation, but also obligatory participation. Among females, obligatory participation in all groups had significantly poorer MCS than voluntary participation, and obligatory participation in sports groups had significantly poorer MCS than non-participation. CONCLUSIONS Obligatory SP had significantly poorer MCS than voluntary participation, occasionally than non-participation; there is a possibility that obligatory SP has harmful influences on mental health of community-dwelling elderly. Measures to promote SP with consideration for individuals' autonomy may be effective in the public health approach to maintaining mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Association between the frequency and autonomy of social participation and self-rated health. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2537-2544. [PMID: 28516468 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Although numerous studies have reported that social participation (SP) has favorable effects on older people's health, no studies have focused on the autonomy of SP. We investigated the cross-sectional relationship between the type, frequency, and autonomy of SP and self-rated health (SRH). METHODS A postal survey was mailed to 19 354 citizens born between 1945 and 1949 in a city in Nara prefecture (response rate: 65.9%). A total of 12 157 respondents (5114 men and 7043 women) with independent basic activities of daily living made up the analytical participants. Six types of SP were measured: volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby groups, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations and cultural groups. Using multiple logistic regressions, we calculated the odds ratio for poor SRH, with non-participation as the reference. Covariates included age, family size, body mass index, comorbidities, smoking, drinking, walking, depression and cognitive function. RESULTS Adjusted odds ratios for poor SRH decreased with more frequent SP or with more voluntary SP among both sexes, but this dose-response relationship was stronger in women than in men. After mutual adjustment for the frequency and autonomy of SP, voluntary SP had stronger effects on SRH than frequent SP, especially in sports and hobby groups among men, and in volunteer and hobby groups among women. For cultural groups, women with frequent and voluntary SP had positive effects on SRH, but frequent and obligatory SP had negative effects on men. CONCLUSIONS The present results imply that encouraging voluntarily chosen SP rather than frequent SP might be a key point for successful aging. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2537-2544.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara city, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara city, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara city, Nara, Japan
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Age and gender differences in the association between social participation and instrumental activities of daily living among community-dwelling elderly. BMC Geriatr 2017; 17:99. [PMID: 28454521 PMCID: PMC5410028 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have suggested social participation (SP) has beneficial effects on elderly people's health, most of them failed to deal with paid work. Additionally, few studies have focused on the age effect between SP and older people's health. To investigate whether the association between SP, including paid work, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), exhibits not only in gender, but also in age among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In 2014, we distributed self-administered questionnaires to all community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 in two medium-sized cities in Nara Prefecture, Japan (n = 32,825). 22,845 residents submitted the questionnaire (response rate, 69.6%). Analyzed subjects were limited to 17,680 persons who had neither dependency in basic ADL nor missing data for required items. SP was assessed based on participation frequency in seven types of social activities: volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby groups, cultural groups, senior citizens' clubs, neighborhood community associations, and paid work. Using Poisson regression models, prevalence ratio for poor IADL was calculated. To examine age and gender differences in the association between SP and IADL, we performed stratified analyses by age and gender group; male young-old (aged 65-74), male old-old (aged ≥75), female young-old, and female old-old. RESULTS Prevalence of those with poor IADL was 17.1% in males and 4.5% in females, showing a significant gender difference. After adjustment for relevant covariates, volunteer groups were inversely associated with poor IADL only in males and the relationship was stronger in the old-old group than in the young-old group. Conversely, only females had a significant inverse association between paid work and poor IADL, and the association was not reliant on their ages but only those who participated infrequently had a favorable effect. Influence of age in the beneficial association between SP and IADL was generally larger in the old-old group than in the young-old group, but hobby groups were inversely associated with poor IADL, regardless of age, gender, and frequency. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SP in older age is positively associated with IADL, however, the association seems to differ depending on the type of activities participated in, the participants' gender, and their age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara 634-8521 Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara 634-8521 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara city, Nara 634-8521 Japan
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The Impact of Leisure and Social Activities on Activities of Daily Living of Middle-Aged Adults: Evidence from a National Longitudinal Survey in Japan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165106. [PMID: 27788163 PMCID: PMC5082808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of leisure and social activities on the ability of middle-aged adults to maintain activities of daily living (ADL), and whether performing these activities alone or with others contributed to the ability to perform ADL. The study used nationally representative longitudinal data of 22,770 adults in Japan, aged 50–59 years, who did not have limitations in performing ADL at the beginning of the 5-year survey period. The study considered six activity categories: two leisure activities (“hobbies or cultural activities” and “exercise or sports”) and four social activities (“community events,” “support for children,” “support for elderly individuals,” and “other social activities”). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relation between participation in these categories at baseline and difficulties in ADL at the 5-year follow-up. The association between the extent of social interaction during these activities (“by oneself,” “with others,” or “both”) and difficulties in ADL was also investigated. The analysis yielded significant negative correlations between “exercise or sports” and difficulties in ADL for both men and women, and between “hobbies or cultural activities” and difficulties in ADL for women. However, these significant relationships occurred only when activities were conducted “with others.” The present findings might help prevent deterioration in middle-aged adults’ performance of ADL in Japan.
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