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Doucette MM, Kwan H, Premji Z, Duchesne A, Gawryluk JR, Garcia-Barrera MA. Integration of sex/gender and utilization of ecological Momentary assessment of cognition in clinical populations: A scoping review. Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 38:1409-1440. [PMID: 38533627 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2024.2333579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to describe the methods of smartphone-based cognitive ecological momentary assessment designs in clinical populations, with an intention to evaluate how the role of sex and/or gender has been considered in the design and analyses, particularly including female-specific physiology. Methods: This scoping review was conducted based on JBI scoping review methodology. On March 2nd, 2023, we searched for literature across four databases. Screening of the results and data extraction were conducted in duplicate according to the a priori methods in the pre-registered protocol. Results: 31 articles were included in this review. Participants ranged in age from 15-85 years old with various clinical disorders. Prompts were given between 1-7 times per day for 7-84 days. Executive function was the most frequently assessed cognitive domain. Over half the studies (n = 17, 55%) did not investigate the effects of sex and/or gender, and only one study considered the impact of hormonal therapy. Many studies (n = 14, 45%) used sex and gender interchangeably or incorrectly. Conclusions: Studies varied in design, with heterogeneity in the reporting of methodological information. The lack of attention to sex/gender on neuropsychological outcomes can lead to confusion and contradiction regarding its potential impact on cognition in clinical populations. This may hinder the identification of effective interventions for those assigned female at birth who have been overlooked or considered indistinguishable from their male counterparts. Given the well-documented impact of sex/gender on cognition, it is essential that future neuropsychological research, especially EMA-based studies, prioritize investigating sex/gender to ensure better outcomes for all.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Kwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zahra Premji
- Libraries, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Annie Duchesne
- Department of Psychology, University of Northern British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jodie R Gawryluk
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mauricio A Garcia-Barrera
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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Shi Y, Fong MWM, Metts CL, LaVela SL, Bombardier C, Hu L, Wong AWK. Dynamics of Perceived Social Isolation, Secondary Conditions, and Daily Activity Patterns Among Individuals With Stroke: A Network Analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment Data. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1314-1321. [PMID: 38458373 PMCID: PMC11227394 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.02.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess contemporaneous and temporal dynamics of perceived social isolation (PSI), secondary conditions, and daily activity patterns in individuals post-stroke. DESIGN Longitudinal observational study using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) as a real-time assessment of an individual's lived experiences. We conducted dynamic network analyses to examine longitudinal associations among EMA variables. SETTINGS Home and Community. PARTICIPANTS 202 individuals with mild-to-moderate chronic stroke (median age=60 years; 45% women; 44% black; 90% ischemic stroke; median NIHSS score=2; N=202). INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES EMA questions measured PSI, secondary conditions (pain, tiredness, stress, anxiety, worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and cheerfulness), and daily activity patterns (being at home, being alone, and participating in productive activities). RESULTS The median EMA response rate was 84%. The contemporaneous model showed that PSI was associated with being home, alone, and all symptoms except pain. The temporal model revealed a pathway indicating that feelings of worthlessness predicted PSI (regression coefficient=0.06, P=.019), followed by stress (regression coefficient=0.06, P=.024), and then by being not at home (regression coefficient=-0.04, P=.013). CONCLUSION Implementing dynamic network analyses on EMA data can uncover dynamic connections among PSI, secondary conditions, and daily activity patterns after stroke. This study found a significant temporal association between PSI and negative emotions. Feeling isolated was followed by feeling stressed, which was followed by a tendency to be out of home, indicating adaptive behaviors in individuals with stroke. These findings highlight the importance of engaging in out-of-home or outdoor activities to mitigate PSI and negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shi
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mandy W M Fong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Michigan Avenue Neuropsychologists, Chicago, IL
| | - Christopher L Metts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Sherri L LaVela
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Department of Veterans Affairs, Edwards Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines, IL
| | - Charles Bombardier
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lu Hu
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alex W K Wong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
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Bui Q, Kaufman KJ, Munsell EGS, Lenze EJ, Lee JM, Mohr DC, Fong MWM, Metts CL, Tomazin SE, Pham V, Wong AWK. Smartphone assessment uncovers real-time relationships between depressed mood and daily functional behaviors after stroke. J Telemed Telecare 2024; 30:871-884. [PMID: 35549589 PMCID: PMC9653506 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x221100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of depressed mood in daily life is difficult to investigate using traditional retrospective assessments, given daily or even within-day mood fluctuations in various contexts. This study aimed to use a smartphone-based ambulatory assessment to examine real-time relationships between depressed mood and functional behaviors among individuals with stroke. METHODS A total of 202 participants with mild-to-moderate stroke (90% ischemic, 45% female, 44% Black) completed an ecological momentary assessment five times per day for 2 weeks by reporting their depressed mood and functional behaviors regarding where, with whom, and what activity was spent. RESULTS Participants spent 28% of their wake-up time participating in passive leisure activities but spent the least time in physical (4%) and vocational (9%) activities. Depressed mood was concurrently lower when participants engaged in social activities (β = -0.023 ± 0.011) and instrumental activities of daily living (β = -0.061 ± 0.013); spent time with family members (β = -0.061 ± 0.014), spouses (β = -0.043, ± 0.016), friends (β = -0.094, ± 0.021), and coworkers (β = -0.050 ± 0.021); and were located in restaurants (β = -0.068 ± 0.029), and homes of family members (β = -0.039 ± 0.020) or friends (β = -0.069 ± 0.031). Greater depressed mood was associated with worse ratings in satisfaction, performance, and engagement of activities in concurrent (βs = -0.036 ± 0.003, -0.053 ± 0.003, -0.044 ± 0.003) and time-lagged models (βs = -0.011 ± 0.004, -0.012 ± 0.004, -0.013 ± 0.004). DISCUSSION Smartphone-based ambulatory assessment can elucidate functional behaviors and associated mood after stroke. Findings support behavioral activation treatments to schedule social and instrumental activities for stroke survivors to reduce their depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Bui
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katherine J Kaufman
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth GS Munsell
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Education in Health Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - David C Mohr
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mandy WM Fong
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Psychology and Patient Family Counseling, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher L Metts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephanie E Tomazin
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vy Pham
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alex WK Wong
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Payen A, Bateman JR, Persin MJ, Bennett JM. Biopsychosocial contexts influence adult cognitive function concurrently and longitudinally. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 36:100732. [PMID: 38371382 PMCID: PMC10873657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive aging is a complex process that impacts human behavior. Identifying the factors that preserve cognitive functioning is a public health priority, given that 20% of the US population will be at least 65 years old in the next decade. Biopsychosocial determinants of cognitive decline across the lifespan are often examined as ecological factors that independently moderate cognitive aging, despite the known complexity surrounding these relationships. Objective We aimed to address this gap by exploring the synergistic and simultaneous relationship between risk and protective factors on cognitive functioning. Method Using the MIDUS study datasets, we examined the relationships among physiological markers, friendship quality, and global cognition functioning, concurrently and longitudinally over ten years. Our participants included 929 healthy (417 men, 512 women) adults (average age at Time 1: 54.6 ± 11.6 years). Exploratory analyses examining the effects of racial minority status were also conducted. Results Cross-sectionally, age, and friendship quality moderated the relationship between vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vm-HRV) and cognition such that younger adults with greater friendship quality had a negative relationship between vm-HRV and cognitive performance; our unexpected finding suggests the heart-brain relationship is sensitive to the biopsychosocial environment. Longitudinally, higher IL-6 levels at Time 1 predicted poorer cognitive performance a decade later, but only among those with greater levels of friendship quality, especially for white-identifying individuals. Conclusions The relationships among physiological risk factors, social protective factors and cognitive functioning appear to be temporally different during mid-adulthood. Given many of the whole sample findings were not replicated within the racial minority subgroup, we suggest that these relationships should be examined in a larger and more diverse racial minority sample to determine whether this study lacked the power necessary to detect a relationship or if the relationships are in fact different by racial minority sub-group. In addition, future research should overcome the study's reliance on healthy adults and self-report measures of friendship quality by including adults with pre-existing cognitive impairments, and employing more real-time measures of friendship quality, such as daily diary or ecological momentary assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameanté Payen
- Health Psychology PhD Program, UNC Charlotte, United States
| | - James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, United States
- Alzhiemer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, United States
| | | | - Jeanette M. Bennett
- Health Psychology PhD Program, UNC Charlotte, United States
- Department of Psychological Science, UNC Charlotte, United States
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Sutin AR, Luchetti M, Gamaldo AA, Mogle J, Lovett HH, Brown J, Sliwinski MJ, Terracciano A. Purpose in Life and Cognitive Function: Evidence for Momentary Associations in Daily Life. Innov Aging 2024; 8:igae018. [PMID: 38511204 PMCID: PMC10953619 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Purpose in life is associated with healthier cognitive outcomes in older adulthood. This research examines within-person dynamics between momentary purpose and cognitive function to provide proof of concept that increases in purpose are associated with better cognitive performance. Research Design and Methods Participants (N = 303; 54% female; Mage = 51.71, SD = 7.32) completed smartphone-based momentary assessments of purpose and short cognitive tasks 3 times a day for 8 days. Results In moments when participants felt more purpose driven than their average, they had faster processing speed (b = -1.240, SE = 0.194; p < .001), independent of person, temporal, and contextual factors and practice effects. Momentary purpose was unrelated to visual working memory performance (b = -0.001, SE = 0.001; p = .475). In contrast to purpose, momentary hedonic affect (e.g., happiness) was unrelated to momentary cognition. Discussion and Implications Feeling more momentary purpose may support faster processing speed in daily life. Such evidence provides stage 0 support for a purpose-based intervention for healthier cognition, which may be particularly useful in middle adulthood and the transition to older adulthood before the onset of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hephzibah H Lovett
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Justin Brown
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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Kekäläinen T, Luchetti M, Terracciano A, Gamaldo AA, Mogle J, Lovett HH, Brown J, Rantalainen T, Sliwinski MJ, Sutin AR. Physical activity and cognitive function: moment-to-moment and day-to-day associations. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:137. [PMID: 37993862 PMCID: PMC10666351 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effect of acute physical exercise on cognitive performance has been studied in laboratory settings and in long-term longitudinal studies. Less is known about these associations in everyday environment and on a momentary timeframe. This study investigated momentary and daily associations between physical activity and cognitive functioning in the context of everyday life. METHODS Middle-aged adults (n = 291, aged 40-70) were asked to wear accelerometers and complete ecological momentary assessments for eight consecutive days. Processing speed and visual memory were assessed three times per day and self-rated evaluations of daily cognition (memory, thinking, and sharpness of mind) were collected each night. The number of minutes spent above the active threshold (active time) and the maximum vector magnitude counts (the highest intensity obtained) before each cognitive test and at a daily level were used as predictors of momentary cognitive performance and nightly subjective cognition. Analyses were done with multilevel linear models. The models were adjusted for temporal and contextual factors, age, sex, education, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS When participants had a more active time or higher intensity than their average level within the 20 or 60 minutes prior to the cognitive test, they performed better on the processing speed task. On days when participants had more active time than their average day, they rated their memory in the evening better. Physical activity was not associated with visual memory or self-rated thinking and sharpness of mind. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that outside of laboratory settings, even small increases in physical activity boost daily processing speed abilities and self-rated memory. The finding of temporary beneficial effects is consistent with long-term longitudinal research on the cognitive benefits of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | | | - Hephzibah H Lovett
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Justin Brown
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Suchy Y, Gereau Mora M, DesRuisseaux LA, Brothers SL. It's complicated: Executive functioning moderates impacts of daily busyness on everyday functioning in community-dwelling older adults. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:850-858. [PMID: 37057862 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research shows that cognitively healthy older adults with mild executive function (EF) weaknesses are vulnerable to the negative impacts of life complexity (or daily busyness) when performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). However, past research assessed life complexity only at one timepoint, not capturing daily fluctuations. Importantly, fluctuations in busyness can themselves have deleterious impacts on functioning. This study extended past research by examining whether (1) variability in daily busyness would be more detrimental than level of busyness to performance of IADLs, and (2) EF assessed at home would moderate deleterious impact of busyness on IADLs. METHOD Fifty-two community-dwelling older adults aged 60 to 95 completed daily IADL tasks and daily measures of EF and busyness via ecological momentary assessment, independently at home for 18 days. RESULTS (1) In a subset of participants with mild EF weaknesses, high variability in busyness across days was associated with fewer tasks completed correctly; and (2) across all participants (regardless of EF), high levels of daily busyness were associated with fewer tasks completed on time. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that high variability in daily busyness, potentially reflecting a lack of daily routine, was associated with IADL errors among cognitively healthy older adults with mild EF weaknesses. Additionally, consistently high levels of busyness were associated with failures to complete tasks, or failures to complete them on time, regardless of EF. These results further support the Contextually Valid Executive Assessment (ConVExA) model, which posits that EF and contextual factors interact to predict functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Suchy
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | - Stacey L Brothers
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Kim SY, Park J, Choi H, Loeser M, Ryu H, Seo K. Digital Marker for Early Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment Through Hand and Eye Movement Analysis in Virtual Reality Using Machine Learning: First Validation Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e48093. [PMID: 37862101 PMCID: PMC10625097 DOI: 10.2196/48093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the global rise in Alzheimer disease (AD), early screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which is a preclinical stage of AD, is of paramount importance. Although biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid amyloid level and magnetic resonance imaging have been studied, they have limitations, such as high cost and invasiveness. Digital markers to assess cognitive impairment by analyzing behavioral data collected from digital devices in daily life can be a new alternative. In this context, we developed a "virtual kiosk test" for early screening of MCI by analyzing behavioral data collected when using a kiosk in a virtual environment. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate key behavioral features collected from a virtual kiosk test that could distinguish patients with MCI from healthy controls with high statistical significance. Also, we focused on developing a machine learning model capable of early screening of MCI based on these behavioral features. METHODS A total of 51 participants comprising 20 healthy controls and 31 patients with MCI were recruited by 2 neurologists from a university hospital. The participants performed a virtual kiosk test-developed by our group-where we recorded various behavioral data such as hand and eye movements. Based on these time series data, we computed the following 4 behavioral features: hand movement speed, proportion of fixation duration, time to completion, and the number of errors. To compare these behavioral features between healthy controls and patients with MCI, independent-samples 2-tailed t tests were used. Additionally, we used these behavioral features to train and validate a machine learning model for early screening of patients with MCI from healthy controls. RESULTS In the virtual kiosk test, all 4 behavioral features showed statistically significant differences between patients with MCI and healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, patients with MCI had slower hand movement speed (t49=3.45; P=.004), lower proportion of fixation duration (t49=2.69; P=.04), longer time to completion (t49=-3.44; P=.004), and a greater number of errors (t49=-3.77; P=.001). All 4 features were then used to train a support vector machine to distinguish between healthy controls and patients with MCI. Our machine learning model achieved 93.3% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, 83.3% specificity, 90% precision, and 94.7% F1-score. CONCLUSIONS Our research preliminarily suggests that analyzing hand and eye movements in the virtual kiosk test holds potential as a digital marker for early screening of MCI. In contrast to conventional biomarkers, this digital marker in virtual reality is advantageous as it can collect ecologically valid data at an affordable cost and in a short period (5-15 minutes), making it a suitable means for early screening of MCI. We call for further studies to confirm the reliability and validity of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Young Kim
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseok Park
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Choi
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Martin Loeser
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and Mechatronics, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Hokyoung Ryu
- Graduate School of Technology and Innovation Management, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Seo
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Eckland NS, Thompson RJ. State Emotional Clarity Is an Indicator of Fluid Emotional Intelligence Ability. J Intell 2023; 11:196. [PMID: 37888428 PMCID: PMC10607947 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotional clarity is one facet of emotional intelligence that refers to one's meta-understanding of and ability to identify and describe feelings. The existing research has largely focused on trait emotional clarity and its benefits for greater psychological well-being, more successful emotion regulation/coping, and diminished psychopathology. Researchers have begun to examine state or momentary emotional clarity in daily life. In this paper, we situate emotional clarity within the larger literature on emotional intelligence abilities. Then, we argue that state clarity relies on the ability to incorporate information from the dynamic contexts that emotions unfold in and should more closely reflect one's emotional intelligence ability relative to traditional trait measures. In addition, we review and make recommendations for measuring state emotional clarity in daily life and propose future research directions, focusing on how state emotional clarity could inform the study of emotion regulation, decision making, and goal pursuit in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel S. Eckland
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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10
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Luo M, Moulder RG, Weber E, Röcke C. The Mediating Role of Affective States in Short-Term Effects of Activity Engagement on Working Memory in Older Age. Gerontology 2023; 69:1448-1460. [PMID: 37722363 PMCID: PMC10711766 DOI: 10.1159/000534130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been shown that activity engagement is associated with cognitive ability in older age, but mechanisms behind the associations have rarely been examined. Following a recent study which showed short-term effects of activity engagement on working memory performance appearing 6 h later, this study examined the mediating role of affective states in this process. METHODS For 7 times per day over 2 weeks, 150 Swiss older adults (aged 65-91 years) reported their present (sociocognitive/passive leisure) activities and affective states (high-arousal positive, low-arousal positive, high-arousal negative, and low-arousal negative) and completed an ambulatory working memory task on a smartphone. RESULTS Multilevel vector autoregression models showed that passive leisure activities were associated with worse working memory performance 6 h later. Passive leisure activities were negatively associated with concurrent high-arousal positive affect (and high-arousal negative affect); high-arousal positive affect was negatively associated with working memory performance 6 h later. A Sobel test showed a significant mediation effect of high-arousal positive affect linking the time-lagged relationship between passive leisure activities and working memory. Additionally, sociocognitive activities were associated with better working memory performance 6 h later. Sociocognitive activities were associated with concurrent higher high- and low-arousal positive affect, which, however, were not associated with working memory performance 6 h later. Thus, a mediation related to sociocognitive activities was not found. DISCUSSION Passive leisure activities could influence working memory performance through high-arousal positive affect within a timeframe of several hours. Results are discussed in relation to an emotional, and possibly a neuroendocrine, pathway explaining the time-lagged effects of affective states on working memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Luo
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Glenn Moulder
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Elisa Weber
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Röcke
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nguyen AL, Hussain MA, Pasipanodya E, Rubtsova AA, Moore RC, Jeste DV, Moore DJ. The impact of life stress, psychological resources, and proactive behaviors on quality of life among people living with HIV. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:948-956. [PMID: 35486380 PMCID: PMC9943531 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2068126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Quality of life (QoL) is an important consideration for people living with HIV (PWH). We investigated the relationship between stress, psychological resources, and proactive behaviors, on QoL (conceptualized as life satisfaction, successful aging, and depressive symptoms) by testing the hypotheses: (1) greater life stress (stress and functional impairment) is associated with poorer QoL; (2) resources (mastery, resilience, and social support) are associated with better QoL, beyond the influence of stress; and (3) proactive behaviors (medication management and leisure activities) mediate the relationship between resources and QoL. METHODS Secondary analyses were performed (N = 128 PWH). Participants' mean age was 52.3, 83.6% were male, and 53.9 identified as white. Multivariate regressions were performed within the context of path analyses. RESULTS In series 1, greater stress was associated with poorer life satisfaction (p < 0.001), lower self-rated successful aging (p < 0.001), and greater depression (p < 0.001). Functional impairment was associated with lower successful aging (p = 0.017) and greater depression (p = 0.001). In series 2, which accounted for mastery, resilience, social support, as well as demographic covariates, mastery was associated with greater life satisfaction (p = 0.038). In series 3, stress, functional impairment, leisure activities, and ART management were added to the model and social support was associated with engagement in leisure activities (p < 0.001), which was associated with better successful aging (p = 0.006). Fit indices suggested adequate relative fit. In bootstrapped analyses of indirect effects, social support was indirectly associated with successful aging through leisure activities (p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS QoL, as captured by self-rated successful aging, is threatened by stress but positively influenced by social support and engaging in leisure activities. Findings support a model of proactive successful aging for PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie L. Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariam A. Hussain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Anna A. Rubtsova
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raeanne C. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dilip V. Jeste
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David J. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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12
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McLean E, Cornwell MA, Bender HA, Sacks-Zimmerman A, Mandelbaum S, Koay JM, Raja N, Kohn A, Meli G, Spat-Lemus J. Innovations in Neuropsychology: Future Applications in Neurosurgical Patient Care. World Neurosurg 2023; 170:286-295. [PMID: 36782427 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the last century, collaboration between clinical neuropsychologists and neurosurgeons has advanced the state of the science in both disciplines. These advances have provided the field of neuropsychology with many opportunities for innovation in the care of patients prior to, during, and following neurosurgical intervention. Beyond giving a general overview of how present-day advances in technology are being applied in the practice of neuropsychology within a neurological surgery department, this article outlines new developments that are currently unfolding. Improvements in remote platform, computer interface, "real-time" analytics, mobile devices, and immersive virtual reality have the capacity to increase the customization, precision, and accessibility of neuropsychological services. In doing so, such innovations have the potential to improve outcomes and ameliorate health care disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin McLean
- Department of Psychology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Melinda A Cornwell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - H Allison Bender
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
| | | | - Sarah Mandelbaum
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Department of Clinical Psychology with Health Emphasis, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jun Min Koay
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Noreen Raja
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Aviva Kohn
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Department of Clinical Psychology with Health Emphasis, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Gabrielle Meli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Department of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Spat-Lemus
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Röcke C, Luo M, Bereuter P, Katana M, Fillekes M, Gehriger V, Sofios A, Martin M, Weibel R. Charting everyday activities in later life: Study protocol of the mobility, activity, and social interactions study (MOASIS). Front Psychol 2023; 13:1011177. [PMID: 36760916 PMCID: PMC9903074 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1011177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prominent theories of aging emphasize the importance of resource allocation processes as a means to maintain functional ability, well-being and quality of life. Little is known about which activities and what activity patterns actually characterize the daily lives of healthy older adults in key domains of functioning, including the spatial, physical, social, and cognitive domains. This study aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of daily activities of community-dwelling older adults over an extended period of time and across a diverse range of activity domains, and to examine associations between daily activities, health and well-being at the within- and between-person levels. It also aims to examine contextual correlates of the relations between daily activities, health, and well-being. At its core, this ambulatory assessment (AA) study with a sample of 150 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 91 years measured spatial, physical, social, and cognitive activities across 30 days using a custom-built mobile sensor ("uTrail"), including GPS, accelerometer, and audio recording. In addition, during the first 15 days, self-reports of daily activities, psychological correlates, contexts, and cognitive performance in an ambulatory working memory task were assessed 7 times per day using smartphones. Surrounding the ambulatory assessment period, participants completed an initial baseline assessment including a telephone survey, web-based questionnaires, and a laboratory-based cognitive and physical testing session. They also participated in an intermediate laboratory session in the laboratory at half-time of the 30-day ambulatory assessment period, and finally returned to the laboratory for a posttest assessment. In sum, this is the first study which combines multi-domain activity sensing and self-report ambulatory assessment methods to observe daily life activities as indicators of functional ability in healthy older adults unfolding over an extended period (i.e., 1 month). It offers a unique opportunity to describe and understand the diverse individual real-life functional ability profiles characterizing later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Röcke
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Christina Röcke, ✉
| | - Minxia Luo
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pia Bereuter
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Institute of Geomatics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Marko Katana
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Fillekes
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Gehriger
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandros Sofios
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mike Martin
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Weibel
- University Research Priority Program ‘Dynamics of Healthy Aging’, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Chen MH, Cherian C, Elenjickal K, Rafizadeh CM, Ross MK, Leow A, DeLuca J. Real-time associations among MS symptoms and cognitive dysfunction using ecological momentary assessment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1049686. [PMID: 36714150 PMCID: PMC9877417 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1049686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by a wide range of disabling symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, depression, anxiety, pain, and sleep difficulties. The current study aimed to examine real-time associations between non-cognitive and cognitive symptoms (latter measured both objectively and subjectively in real-time) using smartphone-administered ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Methods Forty-five persons with MS completed EMA four times per day for 3 weeks. For each EMA, participants completed mobile versions of the Trail-Making Test part B (mTMT-B) and a finger tapping task, as well as surveys about symptom severity. Multilevel models were conducted to account for within-person and within-day clustering. Results A total of 3,174 EMA sessions were collected; compliance rate was 84%. There was significant intra-day variability in mTMT-B performance (p < 0.001) and levels of self-reported fatigue (p < 0.001). When participants reported depressive symptoms that were worse than their usual levels, they also performed worse on the mTMT-B (p < 0.001), independent of upper extremity motor functioning. Other self-reported non-cognitive symptoms were not associated with real-time performance on the mTMT-B [p > 0.009 (Bonferroni-corrected)]. In contrast, when self-reported fatigue (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.001), anxiety (p < 0.001), and pain (p < 0.001) were worse than the individual's typical levels, they also reported more severe cognitive dysfunction at the same time. Further, there was a statistical trend that self-reported cognitive dysfunction (not mTMT-B performance) predicted one's self-reported sense of accomplishment in real-time. Discussion The current study was the first to identify divergent factors that influence subjectively and objectively measured cognitive functioning in real time among persons with MS. Notably, it is when symptom severity was worse than the individual's usual levels (and not absolute levels) that led to cognitive fluctuations, which supports the use of EMA in MS symptom monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H. Chen
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States,Department of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States,*Correspondence: Michelle H. Chen,
| | - Christine Cherian
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Karen Elenjickal
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Caroline M. Rafizadeh
- Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ, United States,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Mindy K. Ross
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alex Leow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - John DeLuca
- Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ, United States,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
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15
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Baroni MP, Jacob MFA, Rios WR, Fandim JV, Fernandes LG, Chaves PI, Fioratti I, Saragiotto BT. The state of the art in telerehabilitation for musculoskeletal conditions. Arch Physiother 2023; 13:1. [PMID: 36597130 PMCID: PMC9810517 DOI: 10.1186/s40945-022-00155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the rapid advances in communication technology and the need that emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth initiatives have been widely used worldwide. This masterclass aims to provide an overview of telerehabilitation for musculoskeletal conditions, synthesizing the different terminologies used to describe telehealth and telerehabilitation, its effectiveness and how to use it in clinical practice, barriers and facilitators for the implementation in health services, and discuss the need of a curriculum education for the near future. MAIN BODY Telerehabilitation refers to the use of information and communication technologies provided by any healthcare professionals for rehabilitation services. Telerehabilitation is a safe and effective option in the management of musculoskeletal conditions in different models of delivery. There are many technologies, with different costs and benefits, synchronous and asynchronous, that can be used for telerehabilitation: telephone, email, mobile health, messaging, web-based systems and videoconferences applications. To ensure a better practice of telerehabilitation, the clinician should certify safety and access, and appropriateness of environment, communication, technology, assessment, and therapeutic prescription. Despite the positive effect of telerehabilitation in musculoskeletal disorders, a suboptimal telerehabilitation implementation may have happened due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in countries where telehealth was not a reality, and clinicians lacked training and guidance. This emphasizes the need to identify the necessary curriculum content to guide future clinicians in their skills and knowledge for telerehabilitation. There are some challenges and barriers that must be carefully accounted for to contribute to a health service that is inclusive and relevant to health professionals and end users. CONCLUSIONS Telerehabilitation can promote patient engagement in health care and plays an important role in improving health outcomes in patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Digital health technologies can also offer new opportunities to educate patients and facilitate the process of behavior change to a healthy lifestyle. Currently, the main needs in telerehabilitation are the inclusion of it in health curriculums in higher education and the development of cost-effectiveness and implementation trials, especially in low- and middle-income countries where access, investments and digital health literacy are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina P. Baroni
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda A. Jacob
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wesley R. Rios
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Junior V. Fandim
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia G. Fernandes
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro I. Chaves
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iuri Fioratti
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno T. Saragiotto
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000 Brazil ,Centre for Pain, Health and Lifestyle, São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Discipline of Physiotherapy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2000 Sydney, Australia
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16
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Henneghan AM, Van Dyk KM, Ackerman RA, Paolillo EW, Moore RC. Assessing cancer-related cognitive function in the context of everyday life using ecological mobile cognitive testing: A protocol for a prospective quantitative study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231194944. [PMID: 37588154 PMCID: PMC10426293 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231194944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Millions of cancer survivors are at risk for cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), yet accurate and accessible assessments of cognitive functioning remain limited. Ecological mobile cognitive testing (EMCT) could offer a solution. This paper presents the protocol for a study that aims to (1) establish the reliability and validity of EMCT to assess CRCI in breast cancer survivors, and (2) prospectively evaluate within-person processes (and interactions) among context, mood, and behavior that explain cognitive variability, everyday functioning, and quality of life of cancer survivors. Methods Participants will include breast cancer survivors (>21 years old) who are within 5 years of completing chemotherapy treatment. Participants will complete two virtual visits (baseline, follow-up) 2 months apart to assess self-reported cognitive symptoms and cognitive performance, sociodemographic characteristics, clinical history, everyday functioning, and quality of life. Between virtual visits, EMCT will be used to sample cognitive functioning every other day (28 times total). We will use linear mixed-effect regressions and single-level multiple regression models to analyze the data. Results We anticipate a minimum of 124 breast cancer survivors enrolling and completing data collection. Study results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Conclusions Our findings will have broad implications for assessing CRCI in an ecologically valid and person-centered way using EMCT. We aim to provide this protocol to aid researchers who would like to apply this approach to their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen M Van Dyk
- Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Raeanne C Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
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17
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Klaus F, Peek E, Quynh A, Sutherland AN, Selvam D, Moore RC, Depp CA, Eyler LT. Mobile survey engagement by older adults is high during multiple phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and is predicted by baseline and structural factors. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:920706. [PMID: 36082232 PMCID: PMC9445303 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.920706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital surveys, such as mobile phone ecological momentary assessment (EMA), bear the potential to assess and target individual wellbeing in a personalized, real-time approach and allow for interaction in situations when in-person contact is not possible, such as during the coronavirus pandemic. While the use of digital technology might especially benefit research in older adults who find themselves in circumstances of reduced mobility, little is known about their barriers to adherence. We investigated baseline and structural factors that predict study withdrawal and adherence from daily smartphone EMA self-report surveys in the StayWELL Study. The StayWELL study is a longitudinal, observational study on the relationship between social restrictions during the coronavirus pandemic and mental well-being in 95 community-dwelling older aged adults (67–87 years) who were participants in a randomized clinical trial using EMA. Withdrawal was associated with less research staff changes and less likely in participants that reached the study mid-point. No baseline characteristics predicted withdrawal. Main reasons for withdrawal were communication issues, i.e. staff not being able to contact participants. We found an adherence rate of 82% and no fatigue effects. Adherence was predicted by education status, study participation duration, reaching the study midpoint and time between study start and enrollment. COVID infections or supporting people in the household was not related to adherence. To conclude, it is feasible to conduct an EMA study in older people without impacting engagement during a pandemic. Furthermore, personal characteristics and smartphone operating system (Android vs. iOS) used did not relate to engagement, allowing for a broad distribution of digital health technologies. Our study adds information on single predictive variables relevant for adherence and withdrawal from EMA smartphone surveys in older people that can inform the design of future digital EMA research to maximize engagement and reliability of study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Klaus
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Correspondence: Federica Klaus
| | - Elizabeth Peek
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Avery Quynh
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ashley N. Sutherland
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Divya Selvam
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Raeanne C. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Colin A. Depp
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lisa T. Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), La Jolla, CA, United States
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18
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Moore RC, Ackerman RA, Russell MT, Campbell LM, Depp CA, Harvey PD, Pinkham AE. Feasibility and validity of ecological momentary cognitive testing among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:946685. [PMID: 35990012 PMCID: PMC9390883 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.946685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is critical to intervene early in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage of the Alzheimer's disease trajectory, but traditional cognitive testing methods are costly, burdensome, and difficult to access. We examined adherence and validity data to a 30-day self-administered ecological momentary cognitive testing protocol among a sample of older adults with MCI and cognitively normal controls to evaluate feasibility, tolerability, and initial validity in comparison to standard neuropsychological tests. Participants included 48 participants with MCI (Mean age = 72 years, SD = 7 years) and 46 demographically-matched cognitively normal (NC) control participants (Mean age = 70 years, SD = 7 years). Participants completed traditional neuropsychological testing to determine MCI status, followed by 30 days of remote ecological momentary cognitive testing. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys were administered 3 times per day for 30 days (possible total = 90), and mobile cognitive tests were administered every other day (for a total of 15 administrations). Mobile cognitive tests included the Variable Difficulty List Memory Test (VLMT; measure of learning and memory), Memory Matrix (measure of visual working memory), and the Color Trick Test (measure of executive function). EMA and mobile cognitive test adherence, fatigue effects, mobile cognitive test performance and group differences, and psychometrics (reliability, convergent validity, ceiling effects, and practice effects) were examined. Overall mean-level adherence to the mobile cognitive tests was 85% and did not differ by MCI status. The reliability of stable between-person individual differences for the VLMT and Memory Matrix were very high. Moreover, although the reliability of within-person change for Memory Matrix was adequate, the corresponding reliability for VLMT was somewhat low. Averaged performance on the mobile cognitive tests was correlated with lab-based tests measuring the same construct. Participants with MCI performed worse than NCs on the VLMT and Color Trick Test, and there was no evidence of fatigue effects for these two tests. These findings support the feasibility and potential for ecological momentary cognitive testing to support clinical trials and for measuring cognitive changes over time in persons with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease such as those with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeanne C. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Correspondence: Raeanne C. Moore
| | - Robert A. Ackerman
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Madisen T. Russell
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Laura M. Campbell
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Colin A. Depp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Philip D. Harvey
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
- Research Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Amy E. Pinkham
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
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Barbey FM, Farina FR, Buick AR, Danyeli L, Dyer JF, Islam MN, Krylova M, Murphy B, Nolan H, Rueda-Delgado LM, Walter M, Whelan R. Neuroscience from the comfort of your home: Repeated, self-administered wireless dry EEG measures brain function with high fidelity. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:944753. [PMID: 35966140 PMCID: PMC9372279 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.944753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have enabled the creation of wireless, “dry” electroencephalography (EEG) recording systems, and easy-to-use engaging tasks, that can be operated repeatedly by naïve users, unsupervised in the home. Here, we evaluated the validity of dry-EEG, cognitive task gamification, and unsupervised home-based recordings used in combination. Two separate cohorts of participants—older and younger adults—collected data at home over several weeks using a wireless dry EEG system interfaced with a tablet for task presentation. Older adults (n = 50; 25 females; mean age = 67.8 years) collected data over a 6-week period. Younger male adults (n = 30; mean age = 25.6 years) collected data over a 4-week period. All participants were asked to complete gamified versions of a visual Oddball task and Flanker task 5–7 days per week. Usability of the EEG system was evaluated via participant adherence, percentage of sessions successfully completed, and quantitative feedback using the System Usability Scale. In total, 1,449 EEG sessions from older adults (mean = 28.9; SD = 6.64) and 684 sessions from younger adults (mean = 22.87; SD = 1.92) were collected. Older adults successfully completed 93% of sessions requested and reported a mean usability score of 84.5. Younger adults successfully completed 96% of sessions and reported a mean usability score of 88.3. Characteristic event-related potential (ERP) components—the P300 and error-related negativity—were observed in the Oddball and Flanker tasks, respectively. Using a conservative threshold for inclusion of artifact-free data, 50% of trials were rejected per at-home session. Aggregation of ERPs across sessions (2–4, depending on task) resulted in grand average signal quality with similar Standard Measurement Error values to those of single-session wet EEG data collected by experts in a laboratory setting from a young adult sample. Our results indicate that easy-to-use task-driven EEG can enable large-scale investigations in cognitive neuroscience. In future, this approach may be useful in clinical applications such as screening and tracking of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentine M. Barbey
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francesca R. Farina
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Lena Danyeli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - John F. Dyer
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd., Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marina Krylova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Hugh Nolan
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura M. Rueda-Delgado
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd., Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Robert Whelan
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20
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Rominger C, Schwerdtfeger AR, Benedek M, Perchtold-Stefan CM, Fink A. Ecological Momentary Assessment of Creative Ideation. EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Creative ideas in daily life show substantial variation in quality. Yet, most studies investigate the creative ideation process in highly controlled laboratory contexts, which challenges the ecological validity of creativity research findings. In this article, we advocate the use of ambulatory assessments of creative ideation to gain deeper insight into the variability of ideation processes (between- and within-subjects) in everyday life. We demonstrate this approach by the example of the ambulatory battery of creativity (ABC), which constitutes a reliable and valid approach to assess divergent thinking ability in the verbal and figural domain in everyday life context. Furthermore, it differentiates between-person and within-person variation of creative ideation performance. The first part of this paper will shortly describe the general approach using ABC as an example. In the second part, we use the 7 C’s heuristic to explore applications and implications of this novel method for creativity research. We focus on four C’s with special relevance for ambulatory assessment: Creator, Creating, Context, and Curricula. To this end, we review the findings of strongly controlled laboratory studies and discuss and illustrate applications of the ambulatory assessment. We conclude that the assessment of creative ideation performance in the field might help move the spotlight of creative ideation research from the laboratory to more naturalistic settings. This would increase the ecological validity of creative ideation research and facilitate fresh or unprecedented perspectives on past and future questions on a person’s creative potential and its moment-to-moment fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andreas Fink
- Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Austria
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21
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Bui Q, Kaufman KJ, Pham V, Lenze EJ, Lee JM, Mohr DC, Fong MW, Metts CL, Tomazin SE, Wong AW. Ecological Momentary Assessment of Real-World Functional Behaviors in Individuals with Stroke: A Longitudinal Observational Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 103:1327-1337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Zlatar ZZ, Campbell LM, Tang B, Gabin S, Heaton A, Higgins M, Swendsen J, Moore DJ, Moore RC. Daily Level Association of Physical Activity and Performance on Ecological Momentary Cognitive Tests in Free-living Environments: A Mobile Health Observational Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022; 10:e33747. [PMID: 35099402 PMCID: PMC8845015 DOI: 10.2196/33747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that physical activity (PA) has both acute and chronic beneficial effects on cognitive function in laboratory settings and under supervised conditions. Mobile health technologies make it possible to reliably measure PA and cognition in free-living environments, thus increasing generalizability and reach. Research is needed to determine whether the benefits of PA on cognitive function extend from the laboratory to real-world contexts. OBJECTIVE This observational study aims to examine the association between daily fluctuations in PA and cognitive performance using mobile health technologies in free-living environments. METHODS A total of 90 adults (mean age 59, SD 6.3 years; 65/90, 72% men) with various comorbidities (eg, cardiovascular risk and HIV) and different levels of baseline cognition (ranging from cognitively normal to impaired) completed ecological momentary cognitive tests (EMCTs) on a smartphone twice daily while wearing an accelerometer to capture PA levels for 14 days. Linear mixed-effects models examined the daily associations of PA with executive function and verbal learning EMCTs. Moderation analyses investigated whether the relationship between daily PA and daily performance on EMCTs changed as a function of baseline cognition, cardiovascular risk, and functional status (independent vs dependent). RESULTS Days with greater PA were associated with better (faster) performance on an executive function EMCT after covariate adjustment (estimate -0.013; β=-.16; P=.04). Moderation analyses (estimate 0.048; β=.58; P=.001) indicated that days with greater PA were associated with better (faster) executive function performance in individuals who were functionally dependent (effect size -0.53; P<.001) and not in functionally independent adults (effect size -0.01; P=.91). CONCLUSIONS EMCTs may be a sensitive tool for capturing daily-level PA-related fluctuations in cognitive performance in real-world contexts and could be a promising candidate for tracking cognitive performance in digital health interventions aimed at increasing PA. Further research is needed to determine individual characteristics that may moderate the association between daily PA and EMCT performance in free-living environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvinka Z Zlatar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Laura M Campbell
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Spenser Gabin
- Department of Counseling and Marital and Family Therapy, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anne Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael Higgins
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Joel Swendsen
- National Center for Scientific Research, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - David J Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Raeanne C Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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23
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Jones SE, Moore RC, Pinkham AE, Depp CA, Granholm E, Harvey PD. A cross-diagnostic study of Adherence to Ecological Momentary Assessment: Comparisons across study length and daily survey frequency find that early adherence is a potent predictor of study-long adherence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29-30. [PMID: 34541425 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmip.2021.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) offers a highly valid strategy to assess everyday functioning in people with severe mental illness. Adherence is generally good, but several questions regarding the impact of study length, daily density of sampling, and symptom severity on adherence remain. Methods EMA adherence in two separate studies was examined. One sampled participants with schizophrenia (n=106) and healthy controls (n=76) 7 times per day for 7 days and the other sampled participants with schizophrenia (n=104) and participants with bipolar illness (n=76) 3 times per day for 30 days. Participants were asked where they were, who they were with, what they were doing and how they were feeling in both studies. The impact of rates of very early adherence on eventual adherence was investigated across the samples, and adherence rates were examined for associations with mood state and most common location when answering surveys. Results Median levels of adherence were over 80% across the samples, and the 10th percentile for adherence was approximately 45% of surveys answered. Early adherence predicted study-long adherence quite substantially in every sample. Mood states did not correlate with adherence in the patient samples and being home correlated with adherence in only the bipolar sample. Implications Adherence was quite high and was not correlated with the length of the study or the density of sampling per study day. There was a tendency for bipolar participants who were more commonly away from home to answer fewer surveys but overall adherence for the bipolar patients was quite high. These data suggest that early nonadherence is a potential predictor of eventual nonadherence and study noncompletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Jones
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | - Amy E Pinkham
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - Colin A Depp
- UCSD Health Sciences Center, La Jolla, CA.,San Diego VA Medical Center La Jolla, CA
| | - Eric Granholm
- UCSD Health Sciences Center, La Jolla, CA.,San Diego VA Medical Center La Jolla, CA
| | - Philip D Harvey
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.,Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL
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24
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Use of digital health technologies to examine subjective and objective sleep with next-day cognition and daily indicators of health in persons with and without HIV. J Behav Med 2021; 45:62-75. [PMID: 34370189 PMCID: PMC8818628 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Most previous studies investigating sleep's association with health outcomes have relied on averaged sleep quality and laboratory-based health measures. This study examines the dynamic within-person relationships between subjective (Ecological Momentary Assessment) and objective sleep (actigraphy) on next-day cognition (subjective and objective), mood, and engagement in daily activities using linear mixed-effects regression modeling. Participants included 94 individuals (59 people with HIV, 35 HIV-) aged 50-74, assessed daily for 14 consecutive days/nights. Subjective and objective sleep were well correlated and were both associated with subjective ratings of cognition, but not objective cognition. Worse subjective sleep was associated with next-day lower happiness and higher depressed mood, and more pain, but was not related to next-day daily activities. Objective sleep was associated with next-day depressed mood and feelings of worry, and was positively associated with next-day television watching. Results provide evidence to support the utility of real-time assessment for sleep and functional outcomes that may lead to potential personalized interventions for individuals with and without HIV.
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25
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Moore RC, Paolillo EW, Sundermann EE, Campbell LM, Delgadillo J, Heaton A, Swendsen J, Depp CA. Validation of the mobile verbal learning test: Illustration of its use for age and disease-related cognitive deficits. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2021; 30:e1859. [PMID: 33159488 PMCID: PMC7992286 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We developed a mobile cognitive test of verbal learning and memory, the mobile verbal learning test (mVLT), to allow for brief, repeated and portable delivery of a 12-item list learning test through a smartphone. This study examined the psychometric properties of the mVLT among older persons with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS Sixty-eight persons with HIV and 36 HIV-negative individuals (aged 50-74) completed three trials of the mVLT on a smartphone once daily for 14 days. A different word list was administered each day. RESULTS Participants completed 80% of the 14 mVLT administrations, equating to 1166 valid and complete mVLTs. Neither adherence nor mean mVLT total score (number correct in 3 recall trials) differed by HIV status. No practice effects from repeated mVLT administration were observed, and there were moderately strong correlations of mVLT performance with performance on the in-lab version of the task and with traditional cognitive assessments of cognitive processes contributing to memory. We found evidence of within-person learning across mVLT trials, with persons with HIV demonstrating less learning from trials 1 to 3 compared to HIV-negative participants. CONCLUSIONS The mVLT is a valid method to assess learning in the real world in older adults with and without HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeanne C Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Emily W Paolillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Erin E Sundermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Laura M Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeremy Delgadillo
- Advancing Diversity in Aging Research (ADAR) Program, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anne Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Joel Swendsen
- National Center for Scientific Research, University of Bordeaux, EPHE PSL Research University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Colin A Depp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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26
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Kohli M, Moore DJ, Moore RC. Using health technology to capture digital phenotyping data in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. AIDS 2021; 35:15-22. [PMID: 33048886 PMCID: PMC7718372 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maulika Kohli
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David J Moore
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Raeanne C Moore
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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