1
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Duarte MR, de Moraes Heredia AS, Arantes VC, de Barros Reis MA, Rodrigues PRM, Gorgulho BM, Fregadolli CH, Latorraca MQ. The interaction of the FTO gene and age interferes with macronutrient and vitamin intake in women with morbid obesity. Exp Gerontol 2024; 193:112463. [PMID: 38789015 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Fat mass and obesity-related (FTO) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) interferes with food preferences that impact macronutrient intake. Few studies have investigated the relationship of this polymorphisms with the intake of micronutrients. Moreover, studies have shown multiple micronutrient deficiencies in patients with obesity. This work evaluated the effect of the FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism on dietary nutritional quality and food intake of macronutrients and vitamins in of women with obesity candidates for metabolic surgery. The study included 106 women (24 to 60 years old) with BMIs of 36.1 to 64.8 kg/m2. A food frequency questionnaire validated for the local population was applied to obtain information about food intake. The Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) was used to assess the adequacy of macronutrient and vitamin intake. Energy, protein and lipid intakes were higher in carriers of the A allele compared to TT in the younger age groups but were similar in the class of subjects aged ≥45 years. The INQ for protein was higher in carriers of the A allele than in carriers of the TT allele. The INQs for protein, carbohydrate, vitamins B2, B3 and B6 decreased, whereas the INQ for vitamin C increased with advancing age. The INQ for vitamin A was lower in AA than in TT, regardless of age, whereas vitamin E was higher in younger AA than in older AA. The INQ for vitamin B9 was higher in younger women than in older women. In conclusion, the FTO gene contributed to the intake of more energy, protein and lipids and interfered with the intake of vitamins B9, A and E. With the exception of vitamin A, the effect of the genotype was attenuated with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ribeiro Duarte
- Master in Nutrition, Food and Metabolism, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Aline Souza de Moraes Heredia
- Master in Nutrition, Food and Metabolism, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Arantes
- Department of Food Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bartira Mendes Gorgulho
- Department of Food Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Fregadolli
- Master in Nutrition, Food and Metabolism, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Márcia Queiroz Latorraca
- Department of Food Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
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2
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Rahimi MR, Symonds ME. Effect of FTO genotype on exercise training and diet-indued weight loss in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39054902 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2382346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Our meta-analysis, encompassing 30 studies with 46,976 subjects, aimed to explore the impact of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) genotypes on weight response to exercise and dietary interventions in overweight and obese adults. Electronic databases including PubMed and Google Scholar were searched from 2020 to September 2023 to identify relevant studies. Results revealed a significant reduction in body weight among individuals with the FTO risk allele following exercise and diet interventions (standardized mean difference [SMD] = - 0.619, 95% CI: - 1.137, - 0.100; p = .01). When examining FTO variants, both AA (SMD = - 0.148, 95% CI: - 0.282, - 0.014, p = .03, I2 = 24.96) and TA genotypes (SMD = - 0.674, 95% CI: - 1.162, - 0.186, p = .007, I2 = 91.12) showed significant weight reduction compared to the TT genotype. Moreover, individuals with the high-risk genotype AA + TT achieved greater weight loss compared to those with the normal-risk genotype TT (SMD = - 0.419, 95% CI: - 0.655, -0.183, p = .0001, I2 = 92.08) in the dominant genetic model. Subgroup analysis indicated that FTO risk allele carriers (AA + AT) with exercise interventions lasting six months and a body mass index of 25 - 29 experienced greater weight loss compared to TT carriers. These findings emphasize the importance of genetic considerations in weight management interventions and suggest personalized approaches for combating obesity. Further clinical trials are warranted to validate our study's findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael E Symonds
- Academic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, Centre for Perinatal Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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3
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Pagoni P, Higgins JPT, Lawlor DA, Stergiakouli E, Warrington NM, Morris TT, Tilling K. Meta-regression of genome-wide association studies to estimate age-varying genetic effects. Eur J Epidemiol 2024; 39:257-270. [PMID: 38183607 PMCID: PMC10995067 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Fixed-effect meta-analysis has been used to summarize genetic effects on a phenotype across multiple Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) assuming a common underlying genetic effect. Genetic effects may vary with age (or other characteristics), and not allowing for this in a GWAS might lead to bias. Meta-regression models between study heterogeneity and allows effect modification of the genetic effects to be explored. The aim of this study was to explore the use of meta-analysis and meta-regression for estimating age-varying genetic effects on phenotypes. With simulations we compared the performance of meta-regression to fixed-effect and random -effects meta-analyses in estimating (i) main genetic effects and (ii) age-varying genetic effects (SNP by age interactions) from multiple GWAS studies under a range of scenarios. We applied meta-regression on publicly available summary data to estimate the main and age-varying genetic effects of the FTO SNP rs9939609 on Body Mass Index (BMI). Fixed-effect and random-effects meta-analyses accurately estimated genetic effects when these did not change with age. Meta-regression accurately estimated both main genetic effects and age-varying genetic effects. When the number of studies or the age-diversity between studies was low, meta-regression had limited power. In the applied example, each additional minor allele (A) of rs9939609 was inversely associated with BMI at ages 0 to 3, and positively associated at ages 5.5 to 13. Our findings challenge the assumption that genetic effects are consistent across all ages and provide a method for exploring this. GWAS consortia should be encouraged to use meta-regression to explore age-varying genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Pagoni
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Julian P T Higgins
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Evie Stergiakouli
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicole M Warrington
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tim T Morris
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kate Tilling
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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4
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Li A, Wang J, Kou R, Chen M, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xing X, Peng B, Wang S. Polyphenol-rich oolong tea alleviates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:937279. [PMID: 35967777 PMCID: PMC9366432 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.937279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide. Oolong tea (OT), which is partially fermented from Camellia sinensis leaves, has proven health benefits and potential preventive applications in multiple studies. However, research on the role of OT in obesity prevention and potential mechanisms is still limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulatory effects of OT intervention on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis using an obese mouse model. Our results showed that 8-week OT supplementation with 93.94% polyphenols significantly decreased body weight gain, adipose tissue mass, and serum levels of triglyceride (2.60 mmol/L), cholesterol (5.49 mmol/L), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.61 mmol/L) in HFD-fed mice. Meanwhile, OT intervention was observed to improve fat accumulation, hepatic damage, glucose intolerance, and endotoxemia and alleviate inflammation by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. OT also upregulated the expression of genes including Srebf1, Ppara, Lxra, Pgc1a, and Hsl and downregulated the expression of genes including Leptin, Il-6, and Il-1b. In addition, the gut dysbiosis characterized by decreased flora diversity and increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in obese mice was recovered by OT intervention. Certain differentially abundant microbes caused by HFD feeding, including Enterococcus, Intestinimonas, Blautia, and Bilophila, were also improved by OT treatment. This study demonstrated that OT, as a novel resource of dietary polyphenols, exhibited a protective effect on HFD-induced obesity and gut microbiota disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruixin Kou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengshan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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5
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Lubis SM, Fattah M, Batubara JRL. The association between variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene with free leptin index and the risk of obesity in the Indonesian children population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00321-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several studies have reported that fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), especially the rs9939609 polymorphism, are associated with obesity and high leptin levels. The free leptin index (FLI) is known to be accurate in determining the function of leptin. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the rs9939609 variant in the FTO gene and FLI and the risk of obesity among children living in Medan, Indonesia.
Methods
This case–control study included 212 children aged 6–12 years who were genotyped for variants of the rs9939609 FTO gene. The case group consisted of children with obesity who were < 6 years old, and the control group had a normal body mass index and came from the Bataknese or Chinese ethnicities. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) levels were measured. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the risk of having obesity associated with the risk allele.
Results
In this study, there was no significant association between leptin, soluble leptin receptor, or free leptin index and the rs9939609 FTO gene; however, the risk allele (A) of FTO rs9939609 had a significant association with obesity in Chinese ethnicity subjects (p < 0.05). The AA/AT genotype had an increased risk of FLI 5.889 times compared to the TT genotype. Multivariate analysis showed that the rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene played a role in obesity through the FLI.
Conclusion
It was concluded that the rs9939609 polymorphism played a significant role in obesity through FLI. Further studies are still needed.
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6
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Khandalavala B. Care of the Patient with Obesity. Fam Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54441-6_182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Li R, Tan CP, Xu Y, Liu Y. Alteration of Endogenous Fatty Acids Profile and Lipid Metabolism in Rats Caused by a High‐Colleseed Oil and a High‐Sunflower Oil Diet. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Yong‐Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
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8
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Cifuentes L, Hurtado A. MD, Eckel-Passow J, Acosta A. Precision Medicine for Obesity. DIGESTIVE DISEASE INTERVENTIONS 2021; 5:239-248. [PMID: 36203650 PMCID: PMC9534386 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease with a variable and underwhelming weight loss response to current treatment approaches. Precision medicine proposes a new paradigm to improve disease classification based on the premise of human heterogeneity, with the ultimate goal of maximizing treatment effectiveness, tolerability, and safety. Recent advances in high-throughput biochemical assays have contributed to the partial characterization of obesity's pathophysiology, as well as to the understanding of the role that intrinsic and environmental factors, and their interaction, play in its development and progression. These data have led to the development of biological markers that either are being or will be incorporated into strategies to develop personalized lines of treatment for obesity. There are currently many ongoing initiatives aimed at this; however, much needs to be resolved before precision obesity medicine becomes common practice. This review aims to provide a perspective on the currently available data of high-throughput technologies to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Cifuentes
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maria Daniela Hurtado A.
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System La Crosse, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jeanette Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andres Acosta
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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9
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Castro GV, Latorre AFS, Korndorfer FP, de Carlos Back LK, Lofgren SE. The Impact of Variants in Four Genes: MC4R, FTO, PPARG and PPARGC1A in Overweight and Obesity in a Large Sample of the Brazilian Population. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1666-1679. [PMID: 34057646 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are worldwide public health problems with an evident genetic predisposition that is still poorly understood. In addition, great variability has been described across populations. In this work, we analyzed the association of variants in four genes: PPARG (rs1801282), PPARGC1A (rs8192678), FTO (rs9939609) and MC4R (rs17782313) with overweight and obesity in a large sample of the Brazilian population. The case-control study involved 4084 individuals (1844 with overweight or obesity; and 2240 with normal BMI). Genotyping was performed by quantitative PCR. MC4R rs17782313-C was associated with obesity (OR = 1.27, p = 0.038) and when stratifying by sex associated only in women (OR = 1.36, p = 0.030). FTO rs9939609-A allele was associated with overweight however for women it represented a risk factor (OR = 1.24, p = 0.034) and for men, a protective factor (OR = 0.68, p = 0.033). PPARG was the strongest associated gene, with both overweight and obesity, and this association was also restricted to women (rs1801282-GG OR = 1.46, p = 0.027). The combined effect of the three risk alleles on overweight and obesity had an OR of 1.65 (p = 0.008) and when stratifying by sex again it was significant only in females (OR = 1.95, p = 0.0028). Our findings indicate that the three genes play a significant role in predisposing to overweight and/or obesity in the Brazilian population, reaching together a relatively high impact on these traits. Interestingly our results also suggest a strong sex-specific genetic effect of these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Vaisam Castro
- Biogenetika Individualized Medicine, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Department of Cell Biology, Embriology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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10
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Sarkar P, Chatterjee D, Bandyopadhyay AR. Effect of MTHFR (rs1801133) and FTO (rs9939609) genetic polymorphisms and obesity in T2DM: a study among Bengalee Hindu caste population of West Bengal, India. Ann Hum Biol 2021; 48:62-65. [PMID: 33455465 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1876920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) susceptibility has increased due to the independent risks of genetic polymorphism and obesity as well as combinations of these. Despite recent advancements in T2DM management and diagnosis, the challenges of susceptibility and prognosis still remain. The present work is attempted to understand the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (rs1801133) and FTO (rs9939609) genetic polymorphisms and obesity with T2DM among the Bengalee Hindu caste population of West Bengal, India. One hundred and four clinically diagnosed T2DM male patients and 176 healthy males, without family history of T2DM, (control group) of the endogamous linguistic group (Bengalee Hindu caste) participated. Genotyping was performed using the PCR-RFLP method following the isolation of genomic DNA. MTHFR (rs1801133) genetic polymorphism with CT genotype revealed significantly higher risk (OR = 3.44; p = .01) of T2DM compared to the CC genotype. The attenuation of MTHFR-T2DM risk after adjustment for age and waist circumference revealed obesity and age effects in progression of T2DM. T2DM patients also had significantly (p < .05) higher overall obesity, central obesity, and SBP compared to the controls. However, FTO (rs9939609) genetic polymorphism demonstrated no significant (p= .854) effect on T2DM and obesity. The present study identified that MTHFR genetic polymorphism and obesity might be used as screening tools for early prognosis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranabesh Sarkar
- Department of Anthropology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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11
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Care of the Patient with Obesity. Fam Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Tyagi SC, Stanisic D, Singh M. Epigenetic memory: gene writer, eraser and homocysteine. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:507-512. [PMID: 33030620 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Naturally chromatin remodeling is highly organized, consisting of histone acetylation (opening/relaxation of the compact chromatin structure), DNA methylation (inhibition of the gene expression activity) and sequence rearrangement by shifting. All this is essentially required for proper "in-printing and off-printing" of genes thus ensuring the epigenetic memory process. Any imbalance in ratios of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT, gene writer), fat-mass obesity-associated protein (FTO, gene eraser) and product (function) homocysteine (Hcy) could lead to numerous diseases. Interestingly, a similar process also happens in stem cells during embryogenesis and development. Despite gigantic unsuccessful efforts undertaken thus far toward the conversion of a stem cell into a functional cardiomyocyte, there has been hardly any study that shows successful conversion of a stem cell into a multinucleated cardiomyocyte. We have shown nuclear hypertrophy during heart failure, however; the mechanism(s) of epigenetic memory, regulation of genes during fertilization, embryogenesis, development and during adulthood remain far from understanding. In addition, there may be a connection of aging, loosing of the memory leading to death, and presumably to reincarnation. This review highlights some of these pertinent issues facing the discipline of biology as a whole today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Dragana Stanisic
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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13
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Nagrani R, Foraita R, Gianfagna F, Iacoviello L, Marild S, Michels N, Molnár D, Moreno L, Russo P, Veidebaum T, Ahrens W, Marron M. Common genetic variation in obesity, lipid transfer genes and risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Results from IDEFICS/I.Family study and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7189. [PMID: 32346024 PMCID: PMC7188794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and young adults is increasing, a better understanding of genetics that underlie MetS will provide critical insights into the origin of the disease. We examined associations of common genetic variants and repeated MetS score from early childhood to adolescence in a pan-European, prospective IDEFICS/I.Family cohort study with baseline survey and follow-up examinations after two and six years. We tested associations in 3067 children using a linear mixed model and confirmed the results with meta-analysis of identified SNPs. With a stringent Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons we obtained significant associations(p < 1.4 × 10−4) for 5 SNPs, which were in high LD (r2 > 0.85) in the 16q12.2 non-coding intronic chromosomal region of FTO gene with strongest association observed for rs8050136 (effect size(β) = 0.31, pWald = 1.52 × 10−5). We also observed a strong association of rs708272 in CETP with increased HDL (p = 5.63 × 10−40) and decreased TRG (p = 9.60 × 10−5) levels. These findings along with meta-analysis advance etiologic understanding of childhood MetS, highlighting that genetic predisposition to MetS is largely driven by genes of obesity and lipid metabolism. Inclusion of the associated genetic variants in polygenic scores for MetS may prove to be fundamental for identifying children and subsequently adults of the high-risk group to allow earlier targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajini Nagrani
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Francesco Gianfagna
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy.,EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Staffan Marild
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Luis Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition, and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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14
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Hardy DS, Garvin JT, Mersha TB, Racette SB. Ancestry specific associations of FTO gene variant and metabolic syndrome: A longitudinal ARIC study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18820. [PMID: 32028392 PMCID: PMC7015559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-sectional studies indicate that the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 gene variant is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) primarily in European ancestry. However, the association is not fully elucidated in African Americans.We hypothesized that rs9939609 (AT = moderate-risk carriers or AA = high-risk carriers compared to TT = low-risk carriers) is associated with MetS and its component risk factors over time; and that its association is ancestry-specific. A secondary hypothesis was that higher levels of physical activity can decrease the deleterious effect of rs9939609 at higher body mass index (BMI).Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study repeated measures data from 4 visits (1987-1998) were obtained from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes for 10,358 participants (8170 Whites and 2188 African Americans) aged 45 to 64 years at baseline. Guidelines for elevated blood pressure by the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Task Force were updated within the MetS criteria. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals from generalized estimating equations assessed population-average risks.MetS was present among 3479 (42.6%) Whites and 1098 (50.2%) African Americans at baseline, and 50.3% Whites and 57% African Americans over 11-years of follow-up. Among MetS component risk factors, high waist circumference was most prevalent among White AT (RR = 1.07; 1.06-1.09) and AA (RR = 1.12; 1.10-1.14) higher-risk carriers. High triglycerides were elevated among African American AA high-risk carriers (RR = 1.11; 1.02-1.21) compared to TT low-risk carriers. Over time, White AT-and AA higher-risk carriers had 1.07 and 1.08-fold increase (P < .0001) in MetS risk. Physical activity had independent protective effects on MetS among both races (P < .05). White AA high-risk carriers with normal BMI and low vs high physical activity had higher MetS risk (RR = 1.69; 1.25-2.30 and RR = 0.68;0.53-0.87, respectively). In rs9939609 × BMI× physical activity interaction, White A-allele high-risk carriers had lower MetS risk (RR = 0.68; 0.53-0.87). Among Whites, physical activity can lessen the effect of rs9939609 and high BMI on risk for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale S. Hardy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta Georgia
| | - Jane T. Garvin
- School of Nursing, University of Saint Augustine for Health Sciences, Saint Augustine, Florida
| | - Tesfaye B. Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Susan B. Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Priliani L, Oktavianthi S, Hasnita R, Nussa HT, Inggriani RC, Febinia CA, Bowolaksono A, Puspitaningrum R, Nugroho RA, Suastika K, Malik SG. Obesity in the Balinese is associated with FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 single nucleotide polymorphisms. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8327. [PMID: 31915589 PMCID: PMC6944099 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide, including in the Bali Province, Indonesia, a popular tourism destination area. The common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs9939609 and rs1421085 of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been repeatedly reported as one of the important obesity genetic risk factors. We have examined the associations of FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 SNPs with obesity in the 612 unrelated Balinese subjects living in urban and rural areas. Linear and logistic regression analyses with adjustment for age and gender were employed to investigate the association between FTO genotypes, haplotypes and obesity parameters. We found that the FTO SNPs genotypes increased BMI by 1.25 kg/m2 (p = 0.012) for rs9939609 AA and 1.12 kg/m2 (p = 0.022) for rs1421085 CC, particularly in females and in rural population. Subjects carrying these genotypes also showed a tendency to maintain high BMI, regardless of their age. Our result showed that the FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 risk alleles were associated with increased BMI and obesity in the Balinese.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ria Hasnita
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hazrina T. Nussa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Rut C. Inggriani
- Faculty of Biology, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga, Indonesia
| | | | - Anom Bowolaksono
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Rini Puspitaningrum
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rully A. Nugroho
- Faculty of Biology, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga, Indonesia
| | - Ketut Suastika
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
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Nishida H, Onishi K, Kurose S, Tsutsumi H, Miyauchi T, Takao N, Yoshiuchi S, Fujii A, Kimura Y. Changes in Body Composition and FTO Whole Blood DNA Methylation Among Japanese Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Weight-Loss Program. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2157-2167. [PMID: 32606874 PMCID: PMC7320880 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s248769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression. The obesity-related (FTO) gene is the first gene found to be associated with fat mass and obesity. However, no studies have examined the relationship between weight-loss intervention effect and FTO methylation in obese individuals with whole blood DNA. The purpose of this study was to quantify FTO whole blood DNA methylation and investigate the relationship between body composition, exercise capacity, and blood parameters with a 6-month weight-loss program intervention. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Eighteen female participants (mean age, 50.6 ±12.1 years, body mass index (BMI), 33.5 ± 6.2 kg/m2) who completed a 6-month weight-loss program at the obesity outpatient department at the Health Science Center of Kansai Medical University Hospital from March 2017 to October 2018 were included in the analysis. Participants were randomized into a normal treatment group (NTG) and a group with additional resistance training (RTG). Body composition, exercise tolerance and metabolic index were measured in each participant. DNA methylation status in whole blood samples was determined using pyrosequencing. All measurements were taken during the first visit and at the 6-month post-intervention visit. RESULTS The methylation rate was significantly decreased in the NTG in CpG1 (p=0.011) and total value of CpG (p=0.011), whereas in the treatment group containing resistance training (RTG), CpG3 (p=0.038) was increased significantly. Furthermore, the independent factors that determine %CpG3 of RTG were visceral fat area change rate (%VFA) (β = -0.568, P = 0.007, R2 = 0.527) and resistance training (β = 0.517, P = 0.012, R2 = 0.527), which have been extracted. CONCLUSION A 6-month weight-loss program, including resistance training, may be associated with decreased visceral fat area changes and increased RTG CpG3 methylation changes. However, further replication studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to verify the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Nishida
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
- Correspondence: Haruhiko Nishida Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka573-1010, JapanTel +81 72 804 2334Fax +81 72 804 2548 Email
| | - Katsuko Onishi
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurose
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tsutsumi
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Miyauchi
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nana Takao
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Aya Fujii
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kimura
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Ağagündüz D, Gezmen-Karadağ M. Association of FTO common variant (rs9939609) with body fat in Turkish individuals. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:212. [PMID: 31810473 PMCID: PMC6896279 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Variations in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene (16q12.2) are associated with obesity in some populations. This study aimed to determine the relationship between FTO gene polymorphism and adiposity&related markers in Turkish adults was aimed. Methods The present study included 200 participants aged 18–65 years, who were genotyped for variants of the FTO gene (rs9939609). Anthropometric measurements were performed. Body compositions were analyzed with Tanita BC 545 N Inner ScanTM. Infrared analyzer (VISCANTM) was also used to determinate the degree of abdominal fat. Body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI) and lipid accumulation products (LAP) index which are used in body fat estimation were calculated. Body fat amounts were classified using gender-based cut-offs. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the risk of having a high body fat amount associated with the risk allele. Results The frequency of the rs9939609 AA genotype was 19.0%, which was 42.5% for the AT genotype and 38.5% for the TT genotype (wild type). AA genotype was found to be higher in females than in males (26.0 and 12.0%, respectively). The total body fat amount of the individuals with AA genotype was high (28.5 ± 9.25%) compared to AT (27.0 ± 10.31%) and TT (23.7 ± 10.62%) genotype (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference in abdominal fat amounts (%) (AA:38.6%, AT:36.2%, TT:33.7%), internal fat levels and waist/hip ratios (p > 0.05). Significance of association between FTO genotypes and total body fat (%) was retained after adjustment for BMI and gender as well. BMI, LAP, and BAI index values were not different between different genotypes in all individuals and different genders (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our study supports that the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism is associated with fat accumulation in the whole body without being associated with abdominal fat accumulation in Turkish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Emniyet Mahallesi, Muammer Yaşar Bostancı Caddesi, Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences,, No:16, 06500 Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Makbule Gezmen-Karadağ
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Emniyet Mahallesi, Muammer Yaşar Bostancı Caddesi, Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences,, No:16, 06500 Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey.
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Mussa BM, Taneera J, Mohammed AK, Srivastava A, Mukhopadhyay D, Sulaiman N. Potential role of hypothalamic microRNAs in regulation of FOS and FTO expression in response to hypoglycemia. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:981-991. [PMID: 31728912 PMCID: PMC10717546 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-019-00718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) is a serious complication of diabetes which is associated with the absence of physiological homeostatic counter-regulatory mechanisms that are controlled by the hypothalamus and sympathetic nervous system. Identification of biomarkers for early detection of HAAF requires an advanced understanding of molecular signature of hypoglycemia which is yet to be identified. The outcomes of the present study have shown that the viability and the apoptotic rate of the hypothalamic neurons (mHypoE-N39) were decreased significantly due to hypoglycemia in a dose-dependent fashion (p < 0.05). Although there are more than 1000 miRNAs differentially expressed in hypothalamus, only twelve miRNAs (miR-7a, miR-7b, miR-9, miR-29b, miR-29c, miR-30a, miR-30b, miR-30c, miR-101b-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-378-3p and miR-873-5p) were correlated to two main hypothalamic regulatory proteins, FOS and FTO. Expression of these proteins was very sensitive to hypoglycemia. We demonstrated that hypoglycemia modulates the expression of hypothalamic miRNAs that are related to FOS and FTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashair M Mussa
- Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ankita Srivastava
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Debasmita Mukhopadhyay
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nabil Sulaiman
- Family Medicine and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Tan AG, Kifley A, Flood VM, Holliday EG, Scott RJ, Cumming RG, Mitchell P, Wang JJ. Evaluating the associations between obesity and age-related cataract: a Mendelian randomization study. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:969-976. [PMID: 31401654 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The obesity-cataract association has been inconsistently reported. The fat mass and obesity-related (FTO) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9939609 is a major SNP associated with obesity and has been used as an instrumental variable for obesity in a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. An interaction between the FTO SNP and macronutrient intake for obesity was suggested previously. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the associations between obesity and cataract, using FTO SNP rs9939609 as an instrumental variable in an MR approach, and explore interactions of this SNP with macronutrient intake in relation to risk of cataract in a population-based cohort. METHODS The Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) is a longitudinal population-based study of common eye disease. Of 3654 baseline participants of the BMES (1992-1994), 2334 (75.8% of survivors) and 1952 (76.7% of survivors) were followed 5 and 10 y later. During the 5-y follow-up, 1174 new participants were examined. Cumulative cataract was defined as the presence of cortical, nuclear, or posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract at any visit, following the Wisconsin Cataract Grading System. Imputed dosage of the FTO SNP rs9939609 was used. Quintiles of macronutrient intake (carbohydrates, protein, fats) were derived from an FFQ. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment, there were no associations between BMI and any cataract types in MR models using rs9939609 as an instrumental variable. However, an interaction between rs9939609 and protein intake for PSC cataract risk was suggested (P = 0.03). In analyses stratified by quintiles of protein intake, each minor allele of rs9939609 was associated with increased odds of PSC (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.27, 3.60) in the lowest quintile subgroup only. CONCLUSIONS Obesity was not causally associated with age-related cataract. However, among persons in the lowest quintile of protein intake, obesity may be associated with PSC cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Grace Tan
- Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annette Kifley
- Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victoria M Flood
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and NSW Health Pathology, North, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Robert G Cumming
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Song M, Zheng Y, Qi L, Hu FB, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL. Associations between genetic variants associated with body mass index and trajectories of body fatness across the life course: a longitudinal analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 47:506-515. [PMID: 29211904 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic associations with trajectories of body fatness over the life course remain unknown. Methods We used a group-based modelling approach to identify trajectories of body fatness from age 5 years up to 65 for 7277 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 4645 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We created a genetic risk score (GRS) based on 97 variants associated with adulthood body mass index (BMI) and estimated its association with trajectories using logistic regression. Results We identified four distinct trajectories: lean-medium, medium-medium, lean-heavy and medium-heavy. The GRS increased across the four groups in that order (P < 0.001); 47% of women and 45% of men in the first decile of the GRS were in the lean-medium group, and these proportions reduced to 26% and 28%, respectively, for the highest decile. The corresponding proportions in the medium-heavy group were 8% and 5%, increasing to 21% and 14%, respectively. For women, compared with the odds of being in the lean-medium group, a 10-allele increment in the GRS was associated with a 40% [95% confidence interval (CI), 27-54%], 43% (30-58%), and 115% (91-143%) increase in the odds of being in the medium-medium, lean-heavy and medium-heavy groups, respectively. For men, the corresponding increases in the odds were 26% (12-42%), 27% (13-43%), and 81% (53-115%), respectively. Conclusions Individuals with genetic variants for adulthood BMI were more likely to maintain a heavy body shape and gain weight throughout life. These findings support a persistent effect of genetic variants on body fatness across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Analysis of FTO and PLIN2 Polymorphisms in Relation to Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Pigs. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2018-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the association of polymorphisms in alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (FTO) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2) genes with carcass and meat quality traits in pigs reared in Poland. The research covered 578 sows that belong to the following breeds: Duroc, Hampshire, Polish Landrace, Pietrain, Puławska and Polish Large White. FTO (FM244720:g.400C>G) and PLIN2 (GU461317:g.98G>A) genes variants were determined by means of PCR-RFLP and ACRS-PCR methods respectively. Association between individual genotypes and analyzed traits was calculated by means of GLM procedure for Polish Landrace, Polish Large White and Puławska breeds separately and for all six breeds together in case of FTO gene. The results showed that FTO variants were associated with weight of loin without backfat and skin (WL), loin eye area (AL) and meat percentage (MP) in Polish Large White (P≤0.05), mean backfat thickness from 5 measurements (BFT) and pH measured 45 min after slaughter in m. longissimus dorsi (pH24 ld) as well as with water holding-capacity (WHC) in Puławska breed (P≤0.01). PLIN2 genotypes, however were correlated with WL and height of the loin eye (HL) in Polish Large White and Puławska (P≤0.05), AL in Polish Large White (P≤0.01) as well as luminosity (L*) in Puławska (P≤0.05) pigs. We observed most consistent relationships of PLIN2 SNP with intramuscular fat content (IMF) and WHC. In 3 analyzed breeds GG genotype was connected with highest values of these traits (P≤0.05).
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Labrecque JA, Swanson SA. Interpretation and Potential Biases of Mendelian Randomization Estimates With Time-Varying Exposures. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:231-238. [PMID: 30239571 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) is used to answer a variety of epidemiologic questions. One stated advantage of MR is that it estimates a "lifetime effect" of exposure, though this term remains vaguely defined. Instrumental variable analysis, on which MR is based, has focused on estimating the effects of point or time-fixed exposures rather than "lifetime effects." Here we use an empirical example with data from the Rotterdam Study (Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 2009-2013) to demonstrate how confusion can arise when estimating "lifetime effects." We provide one possible definition of a lifetime effect: the average change in outcome measured at time t when the entire exposure trajectory from conception to time t is shifted by 1 unit. We show that MR only estimates this type of lifetime effect under specific conditions-for example, when the effect of the genetic variants used on exposure does not change over time. Lastly, we simulate the magnitude of bias that would result in realistic scenarios that use genetic variants with effects that change over time. We recommend that investigators in future MR studies carefully consider the effect of interest and how genetic variants whose effects change with time may impact the interpretability and validity of their results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonja A Swanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Shariful Islam S, Wang C, Dong Z, Yu A, Razi F, Gupta R, Moni M. The relationship between fat mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphism and obesity among children in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jncd.jncd_43_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Novel positioning from obesity to cancer: FTO, an m 6A RNA demethylase, regulates tumour progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 145:19-29. [PMID: 30465076 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene on chromosome 16q12.2 shows an intimate association with obesity and body mass index. Recently, research into the FTO gene and its expression product has attracted widespread interest due to the identification of FTO as an N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase. FTO primarily regulates the m6A levels of downstream targets via their 3' untranslated regions. FTO not only plays a critical role in obesity-related diseases but also is involved in the occurrence, development and prognosis of many types of cancer, such as acute myeloid leukaemia, glioblastoma and breast cancer. Currently, studies indicate that FTO is a crucial component of m6A modification, it regulates cancer stem cell function, and promotes the growth, self-renewal and metastasis of cancer cells. In this review, we summarized and analysed the data regarding the structural features and biological functions of FTO as well as its association with different cancers and possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS We systematically reviewed the related literatures regarding FTO and its demethylation activity in many pathologic and physiological processes, especially in cancer-related diseases based on PubMed databases in this article. RESULTS Mounting evidence indicated that FTO plays a critical role in occurrence, progression and treatment of various cancers, even acting as a cancer oncogene in acute myeloid leukaemia, research on which is no longer restricted to metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. CONCLUSION Considering FTO's critical role in many diseases, FTO may become a new promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in the near future, especially for specific types of cancers, such as acute myeloid leukaemia, glioblastoma and breast cancer.
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Albuquerque D, González LM, Ferrer FG, Bruna M, Sánchez C, Benito GM, Rodríguez-López R, Manco L. Association study of six single nucleotide polymorphisms with obesity in two independent Iberian samples. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Ben Halima M, Kallel A, Baara A, Ben Wafi S, Sanhagi H, Slimane H, Jemaa R, Feki M. The rs9939609 polymorphism in the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene is associated with obesity in Tunisian population. Biomarkers 2018; 23:787-792. [PMID: 30041557 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1499129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Variations in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) has been associated with obesity in many populations, but the results are conflicting. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene on obesity risk and plasma leptin, adiponectin, insulin and lipid concentrations in Tunisians. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred and ninety-four subjects with obesity and 334 non-obese participated in this study. The rs9939609 (T/A) genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. RESULTS Significant differences in genotype frequencies were observed between cases and controls. In the separate analysis by gender, the association between the AA genotype and obesity was statistically significant in women but not in men. After stratification by obesity class this association remains only with obesity class III. DISCUSSION Our study is in agreement with studies on Caucasian, Portuguese and Cebu Filipino populations where a gender-specific association was found between rs9939609 polymorphism and obesity. It is also in agreement with studies on Mexican, Spanish and European populations, where an association was found with obesity class III. CONCLUSION The rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene is associated with obesity, especially obesity class III in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Ben Halima
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia.,b Faculty of Sciences of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Amani Kallel
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Abir Baara
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Safa Ben Wafi
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia.,b Faculty of Sciences of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Haifa Sanhagi
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Hedia Slimane
- c Department of Endocrinology , Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Riadh Jemaa
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Moncef Feki
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis , University of Tunis El Manar, Rabta Hospital , Tunis , Tunisia
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Kalantari N, Keshavarz Mohammadi N, Izadi P, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S, Eini-Zinab H, Salonurmi T, Rafieifar S, Janipoor R, Azizi Tabesh G. A complete linkage disequilibrium in a haplotype of three SNPs in Fat Mass and Obesity associated (FTO) gene was strongly associated with anthropometric indices after controlling for calorie intake and physical activity. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:146. [PMID: 30126381 PMCID: PMC6102807 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The underlying mechanism of the effect of FTO genotype on body mass index (BMI) and body composition is unknown. The objective of the study was to investigate the association of FTO gene polymorphisms with anthropometric indices in adolescent boys after adjustments for dietary intake and physical activity. Methods In this school-based study, we enrolled 123 male adolescents without extra weight and 110 male adolescents with body mass index (BMI) higher than + 1 Z-score. The DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO gene polymorphisms by DNA Sequencing. BMI and body composition were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analyzer scale. Association of the FTO polymorphisms with Weight, height, BMI, body fat percent and skeletal muscle percent were investigated. Data on potential confounders (calorie intake and physical activity) were collected through the use of pre-tested questionnaires. Results Adolescents with higher BMI and body fat percent and lower skeletal muscle percent were more likely to have a newly found haplotype of rs9930506, rs9930501 & rs9932754 (GGT) in the first intron of the FTO with complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) compared with those with the lower BMI (6.15;2.28–16.63), body fat percent (9.54;0.92–47.44) and higher skeletal muscle percent (9.26;1.85–46.38). This association was not changed after controlling for age. Additional adjustments for calorie intake and physical activity did not alter the association. Conclusions A haplotype in the first intron of the FTO gene had a strong association with obesity indices in adolescent boys after adjustments for calorie intake and physical activity. It’s suggested that the FTO genotype exert its effects on adolescents’ anthropometric indices as haplotype and through mechanisms other than changes in calorie intake and expenditure. Trial registration This paper reports the first phase of a comprehensive interventional study (Interactions of Genetics, lifestyle and anthropometrics study or IGLA study) and is retrospectively registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials as IRCT2016020925699N2. Date registered: April 24, 2016. (http://www.irct.ir/searchresult.php?id=25699&number=2). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0664-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Kalantari
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran. .,Department of public health, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran. .,Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tuire Salonurmi
- Research groups of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shahram Rafieifar
- Health Promotion and Education Department, Ministry of health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Janipoor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Human Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kroll C, de França PHC, Mastroeni MF. Association betweenFTOgene polymorphism and excess body weight in women from before to after pregnancy: A cohort study. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23164. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Kroll
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Environment; University of Joinville Region - UNIVILLE; Joinville Santa Catarina Brazil
| | | | - Marco Fabio Mastroeni
- Post-graduate Program in Health and Environment; University of Joinville Region - UNIVILLE; Joinville Santa Catarina Brazil
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Ejima K, Thomas D, Allison DB. A Mathematical Model for Predicting Obesity Transmission with Both Genetic and Nongenetic Heredity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:927-933. [PMID: 29575611 PMCID: PMC5916034 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is transmissible across generations through both genetic and nongenetic routes, but distinguishing between these factors is challenging. This study aimed to quantitatively examine the contribution of these genetic and nongenetic effects to assess their influence on obesity prevalence. METHODS A mathematical model was proposed that incorporated both the genetic and nongenetic effects of obesity. Model parameters were estimated by using observational data. Model simulations were used to assess the sensitivity of model parameters. To strengthen the study's approach, parameter estimation and simulation using data from the United Kingdom were also performed. RESULTS Individuals homozygous for a "hypothetical obesogenic gene" were suggested to be more susceptible to both socially contagious risk and spontaneous weight gain risk. The model predicted that obesity prevalence would reach 41.03% (39.28, 44.31) and 26.77% (25.62, 28.06) at 2030 in the United States and United Kingdom, respectively. The socially contagious risk factor had a greater overall impact on the distribution of the population with obesity than did spontaneous weight gain risk or mother-to-child obesity transmission risk. CONCLUSIONS Although the proposed "first approximation" model captured the complex interactions between the genetic and nongenetic effects on obesity, this framework remains incomplete. Future work should incorporate other key features driving the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ejima
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University– Bloomington, IN, USA
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Contact info (corresponding author) Address: School of Public Health, Indiana University, PH394, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.
| | - Diana Thomas
- United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - David B. Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University– Bloomington, IN, USA
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Moselhy SS, Alhetari YA, Iyer A, Huwait EA, AL-Ghamdi MA, AL-Ghamdi S, Balamash KS, Basuni AA, Alama MN, Kumosani TA, Yaghmoor SS. Analysis of SNPs of MC4R, GNB3 and FTO gene polymorphism in obese Saudi subjects. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:1059-1069. [PMID: 29937877 PMCID: PMC5870267 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i4.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The goal of this study was to analyze the association between the FTO rs17817449 (G>T), G protein beta3 subunit (GNB3) C825T and Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) A822G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with obesity in Saudi subjects. Methods The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to BMI: Obese (BMI> 29.9) and non- obese control (BMI<24.9). Genotyping of the target genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP). Results We demonstrated the association of the FTO genotype TT with increased weight, BMI and leptin levels in both males and females. However, there was no association of genotype TT with fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol levels. Regarding GNB3 rs5443 polymorphism, the likelihood of obesity was linked to the TT genotype which was also associated with increased leptin levels. On the other hand, the SNP of MC4R A822G did not exhibit any significant association with obesity among studied subjects and showed only the presence of homozygous AA genotype. Conclusion The polymorphism of FTO gene rs17817449 and GNB3 gene rs5443 (C825T) may be a genetic determinant of obesity in Saudi population whereas impact of MC4R Asn274Ser change could not be detected.
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The importance of gene-environment interactions in human obesity. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:1571-97. [PMID: 27503943 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide obesity epidemic has been mainly attributed to lifestyle changes. However, who becomes obese in an obesity-prone environment is largely determined by genetic factors. In the last 20 years, important progress has been made in the elucidation of the genetic architecture of obesity. In parallel with successful gene identifications, the number of gene-environment interaction (GEI) studies has grown rapidly. This paper reviews the growing body of evidence supporting gene-environment interactions in the field of obesity. Heritability, monogenic and polygenic obesity studies provide converging evidence that obesity-predisposing genes interact with a variety of environmental, lifestyle and treatment exposures. However, some skepticism remains regarding the validity of these studies based on several issues, which include statistical modelling, confounding, low replication rate, underpowered analyses, biological assumptions and measurement precision. What follows in this review includes (1) an introduction to the study of GEI, (2) the evidence of GEI in the field of obesity, (3) an outline of the biological mechanisms that may explain these interaction effects, (4) methodological challenges associated with GEI studies and potential solutions, and (5) future directions of GEI research. Thus far, this growing body of evidence has provided a deeper understanding of GEI influencing obesity and may have tremendous applications in the emerging field of personalized medicine and individualized lifestyle recommendations.
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Genetic association of FTO/IRX region with obesity and overweight in the Polish population. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180295. [PMID: 28662178 PMCID: PMC5491248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many loci associated with body mass index (BMI) in many different populations. Variants in the FTO locus are reported to be one of the strongest genetic predictors of obesity. Recent publications pointed also to a topologically associated domain (TAD) which is identified as a novel region affecting BMI. The TAD area encompasses the IRXB cluster (IRX3, IRX5, IRX6), FTO and RPGRIP1L genes. Subjects/Methods In this study, we investigated the relationship between variation of the FTO and IRX genes and obesity in Poles. We presented a case—control association analysis (normal versus overweight and/or obesity group) of Polish adult individuals (N = 5418). We determined whether or not the chromosomal region 16:53 500 000–55 500 000 contains polymorphic variants which are correlated with BMI in Polish population, including sex and age stratified analysis. Results The obtained results showed that the problem of weight-height abnormalities differently affects populations of Polish women and men (χ2 = 187.1; p<0.0001). From 353 SNPs enrolled to this study, 86 were statistically significant (highest χ2 = 15.72; p = 7.35E-05 observed for rs1558902). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed 61 blocks in the tested region of chromosome 16, with 24 SNPs located within the same block (block 8) of approximately 40 kb, in almost complete LD (|D’|>0.98, r2>0.80). We confirmed presence of the genetic susceptibility loci located in intron 1 of the FTO gene, which were correlated with BMI in our study group. For the first time, our analyses revealed strong association of FTO intronic variants (block 8) with overweight in group of men only. We have also identified association of the IRX region with overweight and/or obesity in Polish individuals. Conclusion Our study demonstrated how tested SNPs make differential contributions to obesity and overweight risk. We revealed sex dependent differences in the distribution of tested loci which are associated with BMI in the population of Poles.
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Shool F, Ostadrahimi A, Lotfi H, Abbasi Majdi M, Mahmoudi R, Niknam Moghanloo M, Ghafarian Alipour F, Porfaraj S, Zarghami N. Correlation between adiponectin level with common variant (rs9939609) of fat mass and obesity-associated gene in obese type 2 diabetic women. J Nephropharmacol 2017. [DOI: 10.15171/npj.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Assessing gene-environment interaction effects of FTO, MC4R and lifestyle factors on obesity using an extreme phenotype sampling design: Results from the HUNT study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175071. [PMID: 28384342 PMCID: PMC5383228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to assess the influence of age, gender and lifestyle factors on the effect of the obesity-promoting alleles of FTO and MCR4. METHODS The HUNT study comprises health information on the population of Nord-Trøndelag county, Norway. Extreme phenotype participants (gender-wise lower and upper quartiles of waist-hip-ratio and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) in the third survey, HUNT3 (2006-08), were genotyped for the single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs9939609 (FTO) and rs17782313 (MC4R); 25686 participants were successfully genotyped. Extreme sampling was chosen to increase power to detect genetic and gene-environment effects on waist-hip-ratio and BMI. Statistical inference was based on linear regression models and a missing-covariate likelihood approach for the extreme phenotype sampling design. Environmental factors were physical activity, diet (artificially sweetened beverages) and smoking. Longitudinal analysis was performed using material from HUNT2 (1995-97). RESULTS Cross-sectional and longitudinal genetic effects indicated stronger genetic associations with obesity in young than in old, as well as differences between women and men. We observed larger genetic effects among physically inactive compared to active individuals. This interaction was age-dependent and seen mainly in 20-40 year olds. We observed a greater FTO effect among men with a regular intake of artificially sweetened beverages, compared to non-drinkers. Interaction analysis of smoking was mainly inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS In a large all-adult and area-based population survey the effects of obesity-promoting minor-alleles of FTO and MCR4, and interactions with life style factors are age- and gender-related. These findings appear relevant when designing individualized treatment for and prophylaxis against obesity.
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Saucedo R, Valencia J, Gutierrez C, Basurto L, Hernandez M, Puello E, Rico G, Vega G, Zarate A. Gene variants in the FTO gene are associated with adiponectin and TNF-alpha levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:32. [PMID: 28507607 PMCID: PMC5427601 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-017-0234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity may have a role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) of the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene have been associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate SNPs rs8050136, rs9939609, and rs1421085 of the FTO gene in women with GDM and their associations with maternal pre-pregnancy weight and body mass index, gestational weight gain and mediators of insulin resistance in GDM like leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), compared with healthy pregnant controls. METHODS 80 women with GDM and 80 women with normal pregnancy were considered for the present study. Genotyping of selected SNPs in all study subjects was done using the Taq-Man assay and the adipokines and ghrelin were measured by immunoassays. Chi square test, odds ratios (OR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals were used to measure the strength of association between FTO SNPs and GDM. RESULTS There was no association among FTO SNPs and GDM. Interestingly, in GDM group, women carrying the risk alleles of the three SNPs had increased TNF-alpha, and decreased adiponectin levels; these associations remained significant after adjusting for pre-gestational body weight and age. Moreover, the risk allele of rs1421085 was also associated with increased weight gain during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS The FTP SNPs rs8050136, rs9939609, and rs1421085 are not a major genetic regulator in the etiology of GDM in the studied ethnic group. However, these SNPs were associated with adiponectin and TNF-alpha concentrations in GDM subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Saucedo
- Endocrine Research Unit, National Medical Center, IMSS, Cuauhtemoc 330, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Valencia
- Endocrine Research Unit, National Medical Center, IMSS, Cuauhtemoc 330, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Gutierrez
- Endocrine Research Unit, National Medical Center, IMSS, Cuauhtemoc 330, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Basurto
- Endocrine Research Unit, National Medical Center, IMSS, Cuauhtemoc 330, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcelino Hernandez
- Endocrine Research Unit, National Medical Center, IMSS, Cuauhtemoc 330, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgardo Puello
- Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Center La Raza, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Rico
- Unit of Experimental Medicine, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Vega
- Unit of Experimental Medicine, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Zarate
- Endocrine Research Unit, National Medical Center, IMSS, Cuauhtemoc 330, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
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Wang C, Gordon ES, Norkunas T, Wawak L, Liu CT, Winter M, Kasper RS, Christman MF, Green RC, Bowen DJ. A randomized trial Examining The Impact Of Communicating Genetic And Lifestyle Risks For Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:2481-2490. [PMID: 27891830 PMCID: PMC5127396 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic testing for obesity is available directly to consumers, yet little is understood about its behavioral impact and its added value to nongenetic risk communication efforts based on lifestyle factors. METHODS A randomized trial examined the short-term impact of providing personalized obesity risk information, using a 2 × 2 factorial design. Participants were recruited from the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative (CPMC) and randomized to receive (1) no risk information (control), (2) genetic risk, (3) lifestyle risk, or (4) combined genetic/lifestyle risks. Baseline and 3-month follow-up survey data were collected. Analyses examined the impact of risk feedback on intentions to lose weight and self-reported weight. RESULTS A total of 696 participants completed the study. A significant interaction effect was observed for genetic and lifestyle information on intent to lose weight (P = 0.0150). Those who received genetic risk alone had greater intentions at follow-up, compared with controls (P = 0.0034). The impact of receiving elevated risk information on intentions varied by source and combination of risks presented. Non-elevated genetic risk did not lower intentions. No group differences were observed for self-reported weight. CONCLUSIONS Genetic risk information for obesity may add value to lifestyle risk information depending on the context in which it is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine Wang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tricia Norkunas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Wawak
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Winter
- Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Robert C. Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Broad Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah J. Bowen
- Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Rotter I, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Adler G, Rył A, Laszczyńska M. Relationships between FTO rs9939609, MC4R rs17782313, and PPARγ rs1801282 polymorphisms and the occurrence of selected metabolic and hormonal disorders in middle-aged and elderly men - a preliminary study. Clin Interv Aging 2016; 11:1723-1732. [PMID: 27920511 PMCID: PMC5126003 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s120253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic disorders, including MetS, obesity, and lipid disorders, may be related to genetic factors. Metabolic disorders are associated with decreased TS levels in aging men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between FTO rs9939609, MC4R rs17782313, and PPARγ rs1801282 polymorphisms and the presence of MetS and its components, the concurrent lipid disorders, as well as sex hormone concentrations. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study involved 272 men of Caucasian descent aged 50-75 years. Lipid profile, including TCh, LDL, HDL, and TG, was evaluated by spectrophotometric method. Anthropometric measurements concerned WC and blood pressure. MetS was diagnosed according to the criteria of the IDF. Sex hormone profile, including TST, FTS, E2, DHEAS, and SHBG, was examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polymorphisms within FTO, MC4R, and PPARγ genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism. RESULTS This study did not show links between the analyzed genetic polymorphisms and the presence of MetS, T2DM, HT, and obesity. However, higher concentrations of TCh and LDL were found in men with the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism in the recessive mode of inheritance (P=0.03 and P=0.05, respectively). Lower WC was found to be associated with MC4R rs17782313 gene inherited in the same model (P=0.005). CONCLUSION FTO rs9939609, MC4R rs17782313, and PPARγ rs1801282 polymorphisms seem to have little effect on the incidence of metabolic malfunctions and no effect on androgen-related disorders in the examined middle-aged and elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aleksandra Rył
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maria Laszczyńska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Kamura Y, Iwata M, Maeda S, Shinmura S, Koshimizu Y, Honoki H, Fukuda K, Ishiki M, Usui I, Fukushima Y, Takano A, Kato H, Murakami S, Higuchi K, Kobashi C, Tobe K. FTO Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes through Its Effect on Increasing the Maximum BMI in Japanese Men. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165523. [PMID: 27820839 PMCID: PMC5098825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Several studies have demonstrated that polymorphisms within the fat-mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, whether the effects of the FTO locus on T2D susceptibility are independent of fat-mass increases remains controversial. To investigate this issue, we examined the association of FTO variants with T2D and various aspects of BMI history during adult life in a Japanese population. Methods We genotyped SNPs within FTO (rs1121980 and rs1558902) in 760 Japanese patients with T2D who had reached a lifetime maximum BMI (BMImax) before or at the time of diagnosis and 693 control individuals with information regarding their BMImax. Results The BMImax showed the strongest association with T2D risk among the BMIs evaluated in this study. In the sex-combined analysis, FTO SNPs were not associated with any of the BMI variables or with T2D, but in sex-stratified analyses, both SNPs were significantly associated with the BMImax and rs1558902 was associated with T2D in men. The association of the SNPs with T2D remained significant after adjustments for the current BMI and age, whereas the T2D association of the SNP was no longer significant after adjustments for BMImax and age. Conclusions These results suggest that the effects of FTO polymorphisms on T2D susceptibility in Japanese men are mediated through their effect on increasing the BMImax before or at the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kamura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Minoru Iwata
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Health Administration Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Endocrinology and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Genomic Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Satomi Shinmura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukiko Koshimizu
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisae Honoki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fukuda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Manabu Ishiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Isao Usui
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Fukushima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi-machi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Takano
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kato
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Health care Organization Takaoka Fushiki Hospital, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shihou Murakami
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Rosai Hospital, Uozu, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Higuchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kouseiren Itoigawa General Hospital, Itoigawa, Niigata, Japan
| | - Chikaaki Kobashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kamiichi General Hospital, Kamiichi-machi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Ronkainen J, Mondini E, Cinti F, Cinti S, Sebért S, Savolainen MJ, Salonurmi T. Fto-Deficiency Affects the Gene and MicroRNA Expression Involved in Brown Adipogenesis and Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111851. [PMID: 27827997 PMCID: PMC5133851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene Fto are linked to the onset of obesity in humans. The causal role of the FTO protein in obesity is supported by evidence obtained from transgenic mice; however, the underlying molecular pathways pertaining to the role of FTO in obesity have yet to be established. In this study, we investigate the Fto gene in mouse brown adipose tissue and in the browning process of white adipose tissue. We analyze distinct structural and molecular factors in brown and white fat depots of Fto-deficient mice under normal and obesogenic conditions. We report significant alterations in the morphology of adipose tissue depots and the expression of mRNA and microRNA related to brown adipogenesis and metabolism in Fto-deficient mice. Furthermore, we show that high-fat feeding does not attenuate the browning process of Fto-deficient white adipose tissue as observed in wild-type tissue, suggesting a triggering effect of the FTO pathways by the dietary environment.
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MESH Headings
- Adipogenesis/genetics
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/pathology
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO/deficiency
- Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO/genetics
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/genetics
- CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Energy Metabolism/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Obesity/etiology
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/genetics
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Uncoupling Protein 1/genetics
- Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Justiina Ronkainen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Eleonora Mondini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, IT-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, IT-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, IT-60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Sylvain Sebért
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Center for Life-Course Health Research, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tuire Salonurmi
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland.
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Zhang Y, Guo F, Zhao R. Hepatic expression of FTO and fatty acid metabolic genes changes in response to lipopolysaccharide with alterations in m 6A modification of relevant mRNAs in the chicken. Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:628-635. [PMID: 27398647 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1201199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene, which encodes a demethylase of m6A, has been reported to respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to serve as a link between inflammation and metabolic responses. The objective of this study was to determine whether LPS-induced changes in the expression of FTO and metabolic genes are associated with alterations of m6A in relevant mRNAs. LPS challenge significantly decreased hepatic mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) and CPT2, which coincided with a tendency of higher triglyceride accumulation in the liver. LPS significantly down-regulated the full length cFTO1, yet up-regulated the truncated cFTO4 protein in the liver nuclear extracts. Nuclear protein content of cFTO4 in the liver was negatively correlated with the mRNA abundances of CPT1 (r = 0.629) and CPT2 (r = 0.622). Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the m6A level around the translation start site of CPT1 was markably decreased in the liver of LPS-treated chickens. These results indicate that LPS-induced changes in FTO protein expression are associated with alteration of mRNA m6A modification in chicken liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - F Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - R Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control , Nanjing , China
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Quteineh L, Preisig M, Rivera M, Milaneschi Y, Castelao E, Gholam-Rezaee M, Vandenberghe F, Saigi-Morgui N, Delacrétaz A, Cardinaux JR, Willemsen G, Boomsma DI, Penninx BWJH, Ching-López A, Conus P, Eap CB. Association of CRTC1 polymorphisms with obesity markers in subjects from the general population with lifetime depression. J Affect Disord 2016; 198:43-9. [PMID: 27002284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders have been hypothesized to share common etiological pathways with obesity, suggesting related neurobiological bases. We aimed to examine whether CRTC1 polymorphisms were associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to test the association of these polymorphisms with obesity markers in several large case-control samples with MDD. METHODS The association between CRTC1 polymorphisms and MDD was investigated in three case-control samples with MDD (PsyCoLaus n1=3,362, Radiant n2=3,148 and NESDA/NTR n3=4,663). The effect of CRTC1 polymorphisms on obesity markers was then explored. RESULTS CRTC1 polymorphisms were not associated with MDD in the three samples. CRTC1 rs6510997C>T was significantly associated with fat mass in the PsyCoLaus study. In fact, a protective effect of this polymorphism was found in MDD cases (n=1,434, β=-1.32%, 95% CI -2.07 to -0.57, p<0.001), but not in controls. In the Radiant study, CRTC1 polymorphisms were associated with BMI, exclusively in individuals with MDD (n=2,138, β=-0.75kg/m(2), 95% CI -1.30 to -0.21, p=0.007), while no association with BMI was found in the NESDA/NTR study. LIMITATIONS Estimated fat mass using bioimpedance that capture more accurately adiposity was only present in the PsyCoLaus sample. CONCLUSIONS CRTC1 polymorphisms seem to play a role with obesity markers in individuals with MDD rather than non-depressive individuals. Therefore, the weak association previously reported in the population-based samples was driven by cases diagnosed with lifetime MDD. However, CRTC1 seems not to be implicated directly in the development of psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Quteineh
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Centre of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Margarita Rivera
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBERSAM-University of Granada and Institute of Neurosciences Federico Olóriz, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, University of Granada, Spain; MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Centre of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee
- Centre of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Vandenberghe
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Nuria Saigi-Morgui
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Delacrétaz
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Jean-René Cardinaux
- Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland; Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Ching-López
- CIBERSAM-University of Granada and Institute of Neurosciences Federico Olóriz, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Chin B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Kim YJ, Lee HS, Kim YK, Park S, Kim JM, Yun JH, Yu HY, Kim BJ. Association of Metabolites with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Based on FTO Genotype. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156612. [PMID: 27249024 PMCID: PMC4889059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 of the gene FTO, which encodes fat mass and obesity–associated protein, is strongly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in multiple populations; however, the underlying mechanism of this association is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate FTO genotype–dependent metabolic changes in obesity and T2D. To elucidate metabolic dysregulation associated with disease risk genotype, genomic and metabolomic datasets were recruited from 2,577 participants of the Korean Association REsource (KARE) cohort, including 40 homozygous carriers of the FTO risk allele (AA), 570 heterozygous carriers (AT), and 1,967 participants carrying no risk allele (TT). A total of 134 serum metabolites were quantified using a targeted metabolomics approach. Through comparison of various statistical methods, seven metabolites were identified that are significantly altered in obesity and T2D based on the FTO risk allele (adjusted p < 0.05). These identified metabolites are relevant to phosphatidylcholine metabolic pathway, and previously reported to be metabolic markers of obesity and T2D. In conclusion, using metabolomics with the information from genome-wide association studies revealed significantly altered metabolites depending on the FTO genotype in complex disorders. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the biological mechanisms linking obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Jung Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Heun-Sik Lee
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Yun Kyoung Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Suyeon Park
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Jun Ho Yun
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Ho-Yeong Yu
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
- * E-mail:
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The FTO gene is associated with a paradoxically favorable cardiometabolic risk profile in frail, obese older adults. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2016; 26:154-160. [PMID: 26709911 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with differences in BMI, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, previous studies have been predominantly conducted in younger individuals across a spectrum of body weights, whereas little information is available on the older population. We examined the association of FTO gene polymorphisms with cardiometabolic risks among adults who were both obese (BMI≥30 kg/m) and older (age≥65 years). METHODS A total of 165 frail, obese older adults were genotyped for FTO (rs9939609 and rs8050136) single nucleotide polymorphisms and studied for associations with body weight and body composition, components and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test, and levels of adipocytokines (e.g. leptin) and vitamin D. RESULTS Carriers of the A allele (CA/AA) of the FTO single nucleotide polymorphism rs8050136 had lower body weight, BMI, body fat, and trunk fat than those without the A allele (CC genotype; all P's<0.05). Moreover, genotype CA/AA was associated with lower levels of triglycerides and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and carriers of this genotype showed a trend toward a lower waist circumference, resulting in a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome than in CC genotype carriers. The insulin area under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test was lower for genotype CA/AA. Despite the lower insulin levels, the glucose area under the curve was unchanged, resulting in a higher insulin sensitivity index. Leptin levels were also lower and adiponectin and 25-hydroxyvitamin levels tended to be higher for genotype CA/AA than for genotype CC. No differences were observed for rs9939609. CONCLUSION Unlike the results from studies in younger individuals, the risk A allele may confer a favorable cardiometabolic risk profile in obese older adults, suggesting selective survival of obese adults into old age. If confirmed in a larger sample of surviving obese older adults, these findings may have implications in the clinical approach to obesity in this population.
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Tanisawa K, Tanaka M, Higuchi M. Gene-exercise interactions in the development of cardiometabolic diseases. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND SPORTS MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.5.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumpei Tanisawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Mitsuru Higuchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
- Institute of Advanced Active Aging Research, Waseda University
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Rukh G, Ahmad S, Ericson U, Hindy G, Stocks T, Renström F, Almgren P, Nilsson PM, Melander O, Franks PW, Orho-Melander M. Inverse relationship between a genetic risk score of 31 BMI loci and weight change before and after reaching middle age. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:252-9. [PMID: 26374450 PMCID: PMC4753358 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objective: Genome-wide-association studies have identified numerous body mass index (BMI)-associated variants, but it is unclear how these relate to weight gain in adults at different ages. Methods: We examined the association of a genetic risk score (GRS), consisting of 31 BMI-associated variants, with an annual weight change (AWC) and a substantial weight gain (SWG) of 10% by comparing self-reported weight at 20 years (y) with baseline weight (mean: 58 y; s.d.: 8 y) in 21407 participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS), and comparing baseline weight to weight at follow-up (mean: 73 y; s.d.: 6 y) among 2673 participants. Association between GRS and AWG and SWG was replicated in 4327 GLACIER (Gene x Lifestyle interactions And Complex traits Involved in Elevated disease Risk) participants (mean: 45 y; s.d.: 7 y) with 10 y follow-up. Cohort-specific results were pooled by fixed-effect meta-analyses. Results: In MDCS, the GRS was associated with increased AWC (β: 0.003; s.e: 0.01; P: 7 × 10−8) and increased odds for SWG (odds ratio (OR) 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.02); P: 0.013) per risk-allele from age 20y, but unexpectedly with decreased AWC (β: −0.006; s.e: 0.002; P: 0.009) and decreased odds for SWG OR 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.98); P: 0.001) between baseline and follow-up. Effect estimates from age 20 y to baseline differed significantly from those from baseline to follow-up (P: 0.0002 for AWC and P: 0.0001 for SWG). Similar to MDCS, the GRS was associated with decreased odds for SWG OR 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.00); P: 0.029) from baseline to follow-up in GLACIER. In meta-analyses (n=7000), the GRS was associated with decreased AWC (β: −0.005; s.e.m. 0.002; P: 0.002) and decreased odds for SWG OR 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96, 0.99); P: 0.001) per risk-allele. Conclusions: Our results provide convincing evidence for a paradoxical inversed relationship between a high number of BMI-associated risk-alleles and less weight gain during and after middle-age, in contrast to the expected increased weight gain seen in younger age.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S Ahmad
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - U Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - G Hindy
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - T Stocks
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - F Renström
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - P Almgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - P M Nilsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - O Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - P W Franks
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center (LUDC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Díaz-Anzaldúa A, Ocampo-Mendoza Y, Hernández-Lagunas JO, Díaz-Madrid FA, Romo-Nava F, Juárez-García F, Ortega-Ortiz H, Díaz-Anzaldúa A, Gutiérrez-Mora D, Becerra-Palars C, Berlanga-Cisneros C. Differences in body mass index according to fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype in Mexican patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2015; 17:662-9. [PMID: 26529281 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased in many countries and it is particularly high in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). A region in the first intron of the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, encompassing markers rs9939973, rs8050136, and rs9939609, has been consistently associated with obesity and body mass index (BMI) in different populations. We sought to determine whether FTO is associated with BMI and/or obesity in patients with BD. METHODS The sample included 129 Mexican Mestizo patients with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder. After obtaining informed consent, participants were evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and weight, height, and body measurements were recorded. DNA was extracted from a 5-mL blood sample and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. The results were analyzed with Haploview v4.2 and SPSS v21. RESULTS Differences in mean BMI were explained by rs8050136 and rs9939609 genotypes, especially by comparing non-carriers and carriers of two copies of the risk allele (Tukey's p ≤ 0.019), with a mean difference in BMI as high as 7.81 kg/m(2) . Differences in BMI were also explained by the interaction of the genotype (rs8050136 and/or rs9939609), the use of second-generation antipsychotics, and the use of mood stabilizers (p ≤ 0.41). Obesity was also associated with these two markers when patients with and without obesity were compared. CONCLUSIONS In patients with BD, differences in BMI may be affected by the presence of FTO risk alleles, especially in homozygous individuals for these variants. Besides evaluating the possible metabolic effects of certain antipsychotics or mood stabilizers, it is important to evaluate the role of other factors such as FTO risk alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Díaz-Anzaldúa
- Departamento de Genética, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Pisquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRF), Mexico D.F, Mexico
| | - Yolanda Ocampo-Mendoza
- Departamento de Genética, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Pisquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRF), Mexico D.F, Mexico
| | - José Octavio Hernández-Lagunas
- Departamento de Genética, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Pisquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRF), Mexico D.F, Mexico
| | - Federico Alejandro Díaz-Madrid
- Departamento de Genética, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Pisquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRF), Mexico D.F, Mexico
| | - Francisco Romo-Nava
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico D.F, Mexico
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Qi Q, Downer MK, Kilpeläinen TO, Taal HR, Barton SJ, Ntalla I, Standl M, Boraska V, Huikari V, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Körner A, Lakka TA, Liu G, Magnusson J, Okuda M, Raitakari O, Richmond R, Scott RA, Bailey MES, Scheuermann K, Holloway JW, Inskip H, Isasi CR, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Jaddoe VWV, Laitinen J, Lindi V, Melén E, Pitsiladis Y, Pitkänen N, Snieder H, Heinrich J, Timpson NJ, Wang T, Yuji H, Zeggini E, Dedoussis GV, Kaplan RC, Wylie-Rosett J, Loos RJF, Hu FB, Qi L. Dietary Intake, FTO Genetic Variants, and Adiposity: A Combined Analysis of Over 16,000 Children and Adolescents. Diabetes 2015; 64:2467-76. [PMID: 25720386 PMCID: PMC4876751 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The FTO gene harbors variation with the strongest effect on adiposity and obesity risk. Previous data support a role for FTO variation in influencing food intake. We conducted a combined analysis of 16,094 boys and girls aged 1-18 years from 14 studies to examine the following: 1) the association between the FTO rs9939609 variant (or a proxy) and total energy and macronutrient intake; and 2) the interaction between the FTO variant and dietary intake, and the effect on BMI. We found that the BMI-increasing allele (minor allele) of the FTO variant was associated with increased total energy intake (effect per allele = 14.3 kcal/day [95% CI 5.9, 22.7 kcal/day], P = 6.5 × 10(-4)), but not with protein, carbohydrate, or fat intake. We also found that protein intake modified the association between the FTO variant and BMI (interactive effect per allele = 0.08 SD [0.03, 0.12 SD], P for interaction = 7.2 × 10(-4)): the association between FTO genotype and BMI was much stronger in individuals with high protein intake (effect per allele = 0.10 SD [0.07, 0.13 SD], P = 8.2 × 10(-10)) than in those with low intake (effect per allele = 0.04 SD [0.01, 0.07 SD], P = 0.02). Our results suggest that the FTO variant that confers a predisposition to higher BMI is associated with higher total energy intake, and that lower dietary protein intake attenuates the association between FTO genotype and adiposity in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mary K Downer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Rob Taal
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sheila J Barton
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vesna Boraska
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hixton, Cambridge, U.K. Department of Medical Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ville Huikari
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Global Public Health, Leiden University College, Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Antje Körner
- Pediatric Research Center, Department of Women's & Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gaifen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jessica Magnusson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masayuki Okuda
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Olli Raitakari
- The Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Rebecca Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Mark E S Bailey
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Kathrin Scheuermann
- Pediatric Research Center, Department of Women's & Child Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Genetics and Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K
| | - Hazel Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Virpi Lindi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yannis Pitsiladis
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Niina Pitkänen
- The Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Georgia Prevention Center, Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Hinoda Yuji
- Hokkaido Nursing College, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - George V Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Fat mass- and obesity-associated gene Fto affects the dietary response in mouse white adipose tissue. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9233. [PMID: 25782772 PMCID: PMC4363842 DOI: 10.1038/srep09233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variants of human fat mass- and obesity-associated gene Fto have been linked with higher body mass index, but the biological explanation for the link has remained obscure. Recent findings suggest that these variants affect the homeobox protein IRX3. Here we report that FTO has a role in white adipose tissue which modifies its response to high-fat feeding. Wild type and Fto-deficient mice were exposed to standard or high-fat diet for 16 weeks after which metabolism, behavior and white adipose tissue morphology were analyzed together with adipokine levels and relative expression of genes regulating white adipose tissue adipogenesis and Irx3. Our results indicate that Fto deficiency increases the expression of genes related to adipogenesis preventing adipocytes from becoming hypertrophic after high-fat diet. In addition, we report a novel finding of increased Irx3 expression in Fto-deficient mice after high-fat feeding indicating a complex link between FTO, IRX3 and fat metabolism.
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Merkestein M, Sellayah D. Role of FTO in Adipocyte Development and Function: Recent Insights. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:521381. [PMID: 26788058 PMCID: PMC4695642 DOI: 10.1155/2015/521381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2007, FTO was identified as the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) gene associated with obesity in humans. Since then, various animal models have served to establish the mechanistic basis behind this association. Many earlier studies focussed on FTO's effects on food intake via central mechanisms. Emerging evidence, however, implicates adipose tissue development and function in the causal relationship between perturbations in FTO expression and obesity. The purpose of this mini review is to shed light on these new studies of FTO function in adipose tissue and present a clearer picture of its impact on obesity susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrte Merkestein
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Dyan Sellayah
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AS, UK
- *Dyan Sellayah:
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