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Juhász AE, Greff D, Teutsch B, Gede N, Hegyi P, Horváth EM, Deák PÁ, Nyirády P, Ács N, Juhász R. Galactomannans are the most effective soluble dietary fibers in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:266-277. [PMID: 36811560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble dietary fibers are known to reduce the levels of blood glucose and lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). Although several different dietary fiber supplements are utilized, to our knowledge, no previous study has ranked their efficacy yet. OBJECTIVES We performed this systematic review and network meta-analysis to rank the effects of different types of soluble dietary fibers. METHODS We performed our last systematic search on November 20, 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included adult patients with type 2 diabetes and compared the intake of soluble dietary fibers with that of another type of dietary fiber or no fiber. The outcomes were related to glycemic and lipid levels. The Bayesian method was used to perform a network meta-analysis and calculate the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve values to rank the interventions. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was applied to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. RESULTS We identified 46 RCTs, including data from 2685 patients who received 16 types of dietary fibers as intervention. Galactomannans had the highest effect on reducing the levels of HbA1c (SUCRA: 92.33%) and fasting blood glucose (SUCRA: 85.92%). With regard to fasting insulin level, HOMA-IR, β-glucans (SUCRA: 73.45%), and psyllium (SUCRA: 96.67%) were the most effective interventions. Galactomannans were ranked first in reducing the levels of triglycerides (SUCRA: 82.77%) and LDL cholesterol (SUCRA: 86.56%). With regard to cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels, xylo-oligosaccharides (SUCRA: 84.59%) and gum arabic (SUCRA: 89.06%) were the most effective fibers. Most comparisons had a low or moderate certainty of evidence. CONCLUSIONS Galactomannans were the most effective dietary fiber for reducing the levels of HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study was registered at PROSPERO as ID CRD42021282984.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Juhász
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Dietetics and Nutrition Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorina Greff
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Teutsch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Noémi Gede
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter M Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Á Deák
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Nyirády
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nándor Ács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Juhász
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Lecerf JM, Arnoldi A, Rowland I, Trabal J, Widhalm K, Aiking H, Messina M. Soyfoods, glycemic control and diabetes. NUTR CLIN METAB 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2020.02.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Russell WR, Baka A, Björck I, Delzenne N, Gao D, Griffiths HR, Hadjilucas E, Juvonen K, Lahtinen S, Lansink M, Loon LV, Mykkänen H, östman E, Riccardi G, Vinoy S, Weickert MO. Impact of Diet Composition on Blood Glucose Regulation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 56:541-90. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.792772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy R. Russell
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Inger Björck
- Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Delzenne
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Ellie Hadjilucas
- Coca-Cola Europe, Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Department, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kristiina Juvonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Mirian Lansink
- Danone Research, Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Van Loon
- Department of Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hannu Mykkänen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elin östman
- Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sophie Vinoy
- Kraft Foods, R&D Centre, Nutrition Department, Saclay, France
| | - Martin O. Weickert
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire and Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Song YJ, Sawamura M, Ikeda K, Igawa S, Yamori Y. Soluble dietary fibre improves insulin sensitivity by increasing muscle GLUT-4 content in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2000; 27:41-5. [PMID: 10696527 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The effects of soluble dietary fibre (psyllium) on peripheral insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle GLUT-4 protein expression were studied in 12 male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) fed a high-caloric diet from 5 to 9 weeks of age. 2. In the psyllium-supplemented group, fasting plasma glucose was significantly reduced and glucose levels following an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly lower than in the cellulose-supplemented group at 30 (P < 0.05) and 60 min (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in insulin secretion. 3. In the psyllium-supplemented group, skeletal muscle GLUT-4 content was significantly increased in the plasma membrane (P < 0.001), but not in the intracellular membrane. 4. No significant difference was found in phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase activity between cellulose and psyllium diet not only in the basal state but also when stimulated by insulin. 5. These results demonstrate that psyllium increases blood glucose disposal by increasing skeletal muscle plasma membrane GLUT-4 content without PI3-kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Song
- Graduate School of Human Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan
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Anderson JW, Allgood LD, Turner J, Oeltgen PR, Daggy BP. Effects of psyllium on glucose and serum lipid responses in men with type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 70:466-73. [PMID: 10500014 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.4.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water-soluble dietary fibers decrease postprandial glucose concentrations and decrease serum cholesterol concentrations. This study examined the effects of administering psyllium to men with type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of psyllium husk fiber used adjunctively to a traditional diet for diabetes in the treatment of men with type 2 diabetes and mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia. DESIGN After a 2-wk dietary stabilization phase, 34 men with type 2 diabetes and mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia were randomly assigned to receive 5.1 g psyllium or cellulose placebo twice daily for 8 wk. Serum lipid and glycemic indexes were evaluated biweekly on an outpatient basis and at weeks 0 and 8 in a metabolic ward. RESULTS In the metabolic ward, the psyllium group showed significant improvements in glucose and lipid values compared with the placebo group. Serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were 8.9% (P < 0.05) and 13.0% (P = 0.07) lower, respectively, in the psyllium than in the placebo group. All-day and postlunch postprandial glucose concentrations were 11.0% (P < 0.05) and 19.2% (P < 0.01) lower in the psyllium than in the placebo group. Both products were well tolerated, with no serious adverse events related to treatment reported in either group. CONCLUSION The addition of psyllium to a traditional diet for persons with diabetes is safe, is well tolerated, and improves glycemic and lipid control in men with type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Anderson
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, the University of Kentucky, Lexington 40511, USA.
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Tormo MA, Ropero F, Nieto M, Martinez I, Campillo JE. Effect of peas (Pisum sativum) in the treatment of experimental non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Phytother Res 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1573(199702)11:1<39::aid-ptr939>3.0.co;2-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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