Long non-coding RNA TTN-AS1 aggravates carcinogenesis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by sponging miR-1271 in hepatocellular carcinoma

The prognostic value and immune landscape of a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Cuproptosis has been recognized as a novel regulatory cell death, which has been confirmed to promote the occurrence and development of tumors. However, whether cuproptosis-related lncRNA has an impact on the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is still unclear.

Methods: In total, 501 HNSCC tumor samples and 44 normal were downloaded from the TCGA database. Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were obtained by co-expressed analysis. We got prognostic lncRNA that was associated with cuproptosis by using univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression. Then we constructed and validated the prognostic signature of HNSCC and analyzed the immune landscape of the signature.

Results: The Prognostic Signature is based on 10 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs including AC090587.1, AC004943.2, TTN-AS1, AL162458.1, AC106820.5, AC012313.5, AL132800.1, WDFY3-AS2, CDKN2A-DT, and AL136419.3. The results of overall survival, risk score distribution, and survival status in the low-risk group were better than those in the high-risk group. In addition, all immune checkpoint genes involved were significantly different between the two risk groups (p < 0.05). The risk score was positively correlated with Eosinophils. M0 and M2 phenotype macrophages, mast cells activated, NK cells activated, and negatively related with B cells naive, mast cells resting, plasma cells, CD8T cells, T cells follicular helper, T cells regulatory (Tregs). Consensus clustering was identified in molecular subtypes of HNSC. More high-risk samples concentrated in Cluster1, which had a higher Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) alternation than Cluster2.

Conclusion: Our study elucidated the correlation between cuproptosis-related lncRNA with prognosis and immune landscape of HNSCC, which may provide references for further research on the exploration of the mechanism and functions of the prognosis for HNSCC.

Multi-omic analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma to determine immunological characteristics and key nodes in gene-expression network

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide, but effective immunotherapy is still limited for those affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the specific mechanisms governing tumor immunity to improve the survival rate for those diagnosed with HCC. In the present study, we performed a new immune stratification of HCC samples into two subclasses (A and B) from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the International Cancer Genome Consortium databases, and comprehensive multi-omic analyses of major histocompatibility complex genes, gene copy-number variations, somatic mutations, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs. Subclass A was found to have a higher survival rate compared with subclass B, and there were significant immunological differences between the two clusters. Based on these differences, we identified DRD1 and MYCN as key hub genes in the immune-phenotype gene expression regulatory network. These results provide novel ideas and evidence for HCC regulatory mechanisms that may improve immunotherapy for this cancer.

LncRNA TTN‑AS1 promotes endometrial cancer by sponging miR‑376a‑3p

Increasing research has demonstrated that lncRNAs participate in the development of multiple cancer types. However, the role of TTN-AS1 in endometrial cancer (EC) remains unknown. The present study aimed to explore the function of titin-antisense RNA1 (TTN-AS1) in EC progression and the underlying mechanisms. qRT-PCR was performed to assess the TTN-AS1 expression patterns in EC tissues and cell lines. Loss of function experiments were carried out to estimate the effects of TTN-AS1 on EC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. To reveal the underlying mechanisms, informatics tools were used to predict the targets. Rescue experiments were performed to investigate the TTN-AS1-regulated miR-376a-3p/pumilio homolog 2 (PUM2) axis involved. The results of the present study revealed that TTN-AS1 was highly expressed in both EC tissues and cell lines, and TTN-AS1 knockdown inhibited EC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. With respect to the mechanisms, miR-376a-3p was revealed to be targeted by TTN-AS1, and reversed the effects on EC development induced by TTN-AS1. In addition, PUM2 was positively regulated by TTN-AS1, and miR-376a-3p mediated the regulation between them. Furtherly, in vivo experiments confirmed the results. Collectively, TTN-AS1 enhanced EC cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting the miR-376a-3p/PUM2 axis, which may shed light on EC diagnosis and treatment.

Long noncoding RNA TTN-AS1 enhances the malignant characteristics of osteosarcoma by acting as a competing endogenous RNA on microRNA-376a thereby upregulating dickkopf-1

The expression levels and detailed functions of TTN-AS1 in osteosarcoma (OS) have not yet been explored. This study aimed to measure TTN-AS1 expression in OS tissues and cell lines, investigate its specific roles in the aggressive characteristics of OS cells in vitro and in vivo, and elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of TTN-AS1 action. TTN-AS1 expression was high in OS tissue samples and cell lines; TTN-AS1 overexpression correlated with the clinical stage, distant metastasis, and shorter overall survival of the patients. A TTN-AS1 knockdown inhibited OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis in vitro and slowed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanism investigation revealed that TTN-AS1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA on microRNA-376a-3p (miR-376a) in OS cells. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) mRNA was identified as a direct target of miR-376a in OS cells. Resumption of DKK1 expression reversed the tumor-suppressive activities of miR-376a overexpression in OS cells. The knockdown of miR-376a counteracted the reduction in the malignant characteristics of OS cells by the downregulation of TTN-AS1. In conclusion, TTN-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA targeting miR-376a and increases the malignancy of OS cells in vitro and in vivo by upregulating DKK1.