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Śniegucka K, Soroko-Dubrovina M, Zielińska P, Dudek K, Žuffová K. The Effect of Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (rESWT) on the Skin Surface Temperature of the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle in Clinically Healthy Racing Thoroughbreds: A Preliminary Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2028. [PMID: 37370538 DOI: 10.3390/ani13122028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) is increasingly being used to treat musculoskeletal injuries in horses. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of rESWT on the skin surface temperature of the longissimus dorsi muscle in clinically healthy racing horses. A total of 24 thoroughbreds were divided into a study group (n = 12) and an rESWT-sham group (n = 12). The study group underwent rESWT, whereas the rESWT-sham group had rESWT without probe activation in the treated area. Both groups underwent thermographic examination before and just after rESWT to determine and compare skin surface temperatures. Palpation examination was performed after the first and second thermography examination to assess longissimus dorsi muscle tone. Additionally, thermographic examination was repeated 10 min after the rESWT. In both groups, there was an increase in skin surface temperature just after rESWT, and a decrease 10 min after it to below the initial value. In the study group, the skin surface temperature just after rESWT was higher than in the rESWT-sham group. Additionally, in the study group the average muscle tone before rESWT was significantly higher than just after the procedure, whereas in the rESWT-sham group the average change in muscle tone was not significant. The results proved that rESWT increases skin surface temperature of the longissimus dorsi muscle in clinically healthy horses. Further research is necessary in order to configure shockwave treatment with appropriate parameters for effective and safe therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Śniegucka
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Soroko-Dubrovina
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Zielińska
- Department of Surgery, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dudek
- Center for Statistical Analysis, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kristína Žuffová
- Equine Clinic, Brno University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 612-42 Brno, Czech Republic
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Boström A, Bergh A, Hyytiäinen H, Asplund K. Systematic Review of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine in Sport and Companion Animals: Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223124. [PMID: 36428352 PMCID: PMC9686741 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ECSWT) is increasingly used to treat different types of musculoskeletal conditions in sport and companion animals. To explore the scientific basis for the treatment, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on ECSWT used in horses, dogs, and cats. METHODS Relevant articles published in 1980-2020 were identified from three major databases. Each article was assessed for risk of bias. RESULTS The review identified 27 relevant articles on the effects of ECSWT in horses, nine in dogs, but none in cats. Typically, ECSWT involved one to three treatment sessions at 1- to 3-week intervals. We identified studies on bone mass and bone healing, wound healing, navicular disease, ligament injury, desmitis, sesamoiditis, tendon injury, osteoarthritis, and short-term analgesic effects. Common to all indications was that the scientific evidence was very limited. For each separate indication, there were relatively few studies, many of which had methodological flaws. Where favorable results were reported, they were usually not replicated in independent studies. A few encouraging results were found. CONCLUSIONS In sport and companion animals, the scientific evidence for clinical effects of ECSWT in horses, dogs, and cats is limited. For some applications, notably short-term pain relief, ligament ailments, and osteoarthritis, the results seem promising and warrant further exploration in high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boström
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Bergh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Heli Hyytiäinen
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kjell Asplund
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Johnson SA, Richards RB, Frisbie DD, Esselman AM, McClure SR. Equine shock wave therapy ‐ where are we now? Equine Vet J 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.13890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry A. Johnson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Orthopaedic Research Center at the Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | | | - David D. Frisbie
- Department of Clinical Sciences Orthopaedic Research Center at the Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Angie M. Esselman
- Department of Clinical Sciences Orthopaedic Research Center at the Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
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Chen Y, Lyu K, Lu J, Jiang L, Zhu B, Liu X, Li Y, Liu X, Long L, Wang X, Xu H, Wang D, Li S. Biological response of extracorporeal shock wave therapy to tendinopathy in vivo (review). Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:851894. [PMID: 35942112 PMCID: PMC9356378 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.851894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a degenerative disease of the tendons caused by prolonged overstretching or overuse of the tendons. It accounts for a large proportion of musculoskeletal disorders which can occur in all age groups. The management of tendinopathy is typically conservative. In clinical practice, when other conservative treatments fail, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is normally used as an efficient alternative to surgical management. Several basic studies have shown that ESWT with lower energy flux densities can produce some biological responses in vivo to tendinopathy and may accelerate the initiation of the healing process in injured tendons. ESWT has a positive impact on the interactive chain of biological response, enhancing the signaling pathways of angiogenesis through mechanical conduction, and promoting cell proliferation and collagen formation. Finally, it helps tissue regeneration by controlling inflammation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the biological responses generated by ESWT in tendinopathy through a comprehensive review of the published literature. Although ESWT has been used clinically for the treatment of tendinopathies for nearly decades, less is known about the experimental studies of its biological effects on tendon tissue. Further studies on the biological response of ESWT for tendon injuries in vivo are needed in the future in order to provide better management to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Chen
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kexin Lyu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Lu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueli Liu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yujie Li
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Longhai Long
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Houping Xu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Houping Xu
| | - Dingxuan Wang
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Dingxuan Wang
| | - Sen Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sen Li
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Anantama NA, Du Cheyne C, Martens A, Roth SP, Burk J, De Spiegelaere W, Michler JK. The granulation (t)issue: A narrative and scoping review of basic and clinical research of the equine distal limb exuberant wound healing disorder. Vet J 2022; 280:105790. [PMID: 35093532 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) is often observed during second intention wound healing in horses. Despite its impact on wound care, the basic mechanisms leading to EGT are still unclear and effective strategies to prevent and/or treat EGT are lacking. The development of EGT is a poorly understood, multifactorial process involving hyperproliferating fibroblasts and malfunctional differentiation of keratinocytes, suboptimal wound contraction, dysfunctional vascularisation, and chronic inflammation. To consolidate and describe basic and clinical research literature on EGT and to identify knowledge gaps and opportunities for future research, a search was systematically conducted using predefined search terms. Subsequently, a scoping review was conducted using specific criteria to select the peer-reviewed literature that described methods to treat and/or prevent EGT. Proposed mechanisms of effects as well as results and main conclusions were extracted and tabulated. The systematic search resulted in 1062 publications in PubMed and 767 in Web of Science. Twenty additional studies were later included. Of these, 327 studies were reviewed for the narrative review on basic research and 35 controlled clinical trials were eligible for the scoping review. All 35 studies were conducted in university hospitals, and all but one involved surgically induced non-infected wounds. The study population was predominantly horses (n = 230) with a small number of ponies (n = 18) and donkeys (n = 14). In conclusion, there remains a strong need for evidence-based recommendations on EGT treatment, preferably using multi-centre studies that represent the general population of horses, include higher numbers of animals, and are performed in naturally occurring wounds. This narrative and scoping review also emphasises the importance of incorporating basic research knowledge in the study design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ayurini Anantama
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 43, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Charis Du Cheyne
- Department of Morphology, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ann Martens
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Susanne Pauline Roth
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janina Burk
- Equine Clinic (Surgery, Orthopedics), Giessen University, Frankfurter Str. 108, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Ward De Spiegelaere
- Department of Morphology, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jule Kristin Michler
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 43, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Chen Q, Xia C, Shi B, Chen C, Yang C, Mao G, Shi F. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Combined with Teriparatide-Loaded Hydrogel Injection Promotes Segmental Bone Defects Healing in Osteoporosis. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:1021-1033. [PMID: 34427911 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and deterioration of bone microstructure, leading to an increased probability of fragility fractures. Once segmental bone defect occurs, it is easy to cause delayed union and nonunion. METHODS The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) and teriparatide-loaded hydrogel (T-Gel) combined strategy on the cell activity and differentiation of osteoporosis derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (OP-BMSCs) in vitro and bone regeneration in osteoporotic segmental bone defects in vivo. RESULTS In vitro, the strategy of combining ESW and T-Gel significantly enhanced OP-BMSCs proliferation, survival, migration, and osteogenic differentiation by up-regulating the alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and expression of runt-related transcription factor-2, type I collagen, osteocalcin, and osteopontin. In the segmental bone defect models of osteoporotic rabbits, Micro-CT evaluation and histological observation demonstrated this ESW-combined with T-Gel injection significantly induced bone healing by enhancing the osteogenic activity of the local microenvironment in osteoporotic defects. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ESW-combined with T-Gel injection could regulate the poor osteogenic microenvironment in osteoporotic defects and show potential for enhancing fragility fractures healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongxiang First People's Hospital, Tongxiang, 314500, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, No 1 People's Hospital of AkeSu, AkeSu, 843000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third People Hospital of Zhuji, Shaoxing, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
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Kelleher ME, Kilcoyne I, Dechant JE, Hummer E, Kass PH, Snyder JR. A preliminary study of silver sodium zirconium phosphate polyurethane foam wound dressing on wounds of the distal aspect of the forelimb in horses. Vet Surg 2014; 44:359-65. [PMID: 25040441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if application of silver sodium zirconium phosphate polyurethane semi-occlusive foam (SPF) dressing would improve measures of wound healing and decrease bacterial contamination compared with a non-adherent, absorbent dressing applied to wounds created on the distal aspect of the equine limb. STUDY DESIGN Controlled randomized experimental study. ANIMALS Adult Quarter Horse and Thoroughbred horses (n = 5). METHODS One 6.25 cm(2) wound was created on the dorsomedial aspect of the proximal metacarpus on each forelimb. A SPF dressing was applied to 1 randomly assigned limb as a treatment and a non-adherent, absorbent dressing was applied to the opposite limb as control. Bandages were changed every 3 days for 60 days. Granulation tissue was scored every 3 days, wound area measured every 6 days, and wound bed was cultured every 12 days. RESULTS SPF-treatment wounds had significantly decreased wound area and decreased granulation tissue scores when evaluated <30 days and over the 60 day study, although complete wound healing times were not significantly different. Bacteria were cultured from all wounds at varying times throughout the study. CONCLUSIONS The SPF wound dressing improved some measures of wound healing compared with the control dressing, most significantly during the first 30 days. This suggests that the SPF wound dressing may be useful in the early management of wounds on the equine lower limb. Further studies using the SPF dressing are needed to characterize the temporal and cellular effects on wound healing and evaluate this dressing in a clinical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen E Kelleher
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
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Theoret CL, Olutoye OO, Parnell LKS, Hicks J. Equine exuberant granulation tissue and human keloids: a comparative histopathologic study. Vet Surg 2013; 42:783-9. [PMID: 24015864 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2013.12055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare histopathologic features of a fibroproliferative disorder in horses (exuberant granulation tissue-EGT) and people (keloid). SAMPLE POPULATION Archival tissue samples of EGT (n = 8) and keloid (12). METHODS After automated hematoxylin and eosin, histochemical (Gomori trichrome, Verhoeff-van Gieson elastin) and immunohistochemical (vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, CD34, CD68, CD117) stainings, tissue sections were evaluated using a semi-quantitative grading scale for presence or absence of ulceration, keloidal collagen, myofibroblasts, and elastic fibers as well as degree of inflammation, fibrosis, vascularity, and orientation of collagen fibers. RESULTS Superficial dermis and deep dermis of both horses and people had increased numbers of haphazardly oriented thickened collagen fibers; however, only keloids contained "keloidal" collagen. Fibroblast numbers were markedly increased in both groups but only EGT had myofibroblasts. Minimal vascularity was observed in the deep dermis of both groups. The superficial dermis in EGT was characterized by small vessels within immature granulation tissue. Macrophages and mast cells were infrequently found in both groups but polymorphonuclear cells were markedly increased in EGT. CONCLUSIONS Humans and horses are the only mammals known to naturally develop excessive granulation during wound healing; however, similarities and differences between fibroblast populations and associated collagen have not been reported. Inflammatory response may contribute to observed differences in the cellular populations, with EGT possessing markedly increased myofibroblasts, small vessels, and acute inflammatory cells compared with keloids. Further work is warranted to develop common treatment strategies for these fibroproliferative conditions.
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Saggini R, Fioramonti P, Bellomo R, Di Stefano A, Scarcello L, Di Pancrazio L, Iodice P, Saggini A, Scuderi N. Chronic Ulcers: Treatment with Unfocused Extracorporeal Shock Waves. EUR J INFLAMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1301100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Saggini
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Fioramonti
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - R.G. Bellomo
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - A. Di Stefano
- School of Specialties in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - L. Scarcello
- School of Specialties in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - L. Di Pancrazio
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Iodice
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, “G. d'Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - A. Saggini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - N. Scuderi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
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Link KA, Koenig JB, Silveira A, Plattner BL, Lillie BN. Effect of unfocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy on growth factor gene expression in wounds and intact skin of horses. Am J Vet Res 2013; 74:324-32. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.74.2.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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