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Sarvi JY, Gardhouse SM, Kleinhenz MD, Hocker SE, Weeder MM, Montgomery SR, Rooney TA. Measurement of Cyclooxygenase Products in Plasma as Markers for Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase Isoforms by Oral Meloxicam in New Zealand White Rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE : JAALAS 2023; 62:254-259. [PMID: 37045554 PMCID: PMC10230532 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-22-000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Pain management in rabbits is a challenging task that is complicated by the rabbit's ability to hide signs of distress and the limited pharmacologic data available for this species. Pharmacokinetic data has shown that in rabbits, meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory NSAID, reaches plasma concentrations that are known to provide analgesia in dogs and cats; these concentrations could theoretically alleviate pain in rabbits. However, the inhibitory effects of meloxicam on cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms have not been studied in rabbits. In this study, we measured the products of COX-1 and COX-2 after the oral administration of a single 1 mg/kg dose of meloxicam to New Zealand White rabbits (n = 6). Blood samples were collected before drug administration (T0) and then at predetermined time points over 48 h. Plasma prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂ ) and thromboxane (TxB₂) concentrations were measured as surrogate markers for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively, by using commercial ELISA kits. After meloxicam administration, both TxB₂ and PGE₂ plasma concentrations fell significantly below baseline, with maximal mean reductions to 80% and 60% of baseline at 8 h, respectively. The reduction in PGE₂ concentrations was followed by a significant increase that moved its mean plasma concentrations toward baseline between 8 and 24 h. Adverse effects such as lethargy, inappetence, or changes in fecal production were not observed in any rabbits. In conclusion, meloxicam appeared to significantly inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 with a time course similar to previously reported meloxicam plasma concentration-time profiles in rabbits. Our data suggest that a dosage of 1 mg/kg given orally could provide analgesia to rabbits, but a more frequent dosing interval than the currently recommended daily dosing may be required to maintain clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Y Sarvi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, and
| | - Sara M Gardhouse
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, and
- Current affiliation: Evolution Veterinary Specialists, Lakewood, Colorado
| | - Michael D Kleinhenz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, and
| | - Samuel E Hocker
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, and
- Current affiliation: Evolution Veterinary Specialists, Lakewood, Colorado
| | - Mikaela M Weeder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, and
| | - Shawnee R Montgomery
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Tess A Rooney
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, and
- Current affiliation: Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
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Ashok D, Thara G, Kumar BK, Srinivas G, Ravinder D, Vishnu T, Sarasija M, Sushmitha B. Microwave-assisted synthesis, molecular docking studies of 1,2,3-triazole-based carbazole derivatives as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer agents. RSC Adv 2022; 13:25-40. [PMID: 36545291 PMCID: PMC9761696 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05960f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a new series of N-substituted 1,2,3-triazolylmethyl indole derivatives 4(a-u) was synthesized by rationally incorporating a pharmacophoric active heterocyclic ring containing indole and triazole moieties in one molecular frame via the conventional and microwave irradiation methods. Briefly, the new compounds 4(a-u) were synthesized via the N-alkylation of tetrahydro-1H-carbazoles followed by click reaction and copper-catalyzed Huisgen [3 + 2] cycloaddition in the presence of copper sulphate and sodium ascorbate with various aromatic azides 3(a-m). All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized via 1H and 13C NMR, mass, and IR spectroscopy and evaluated for their antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. Among the synthesized compounds, 4d, 4j, 4n, 4p, 4s and 4r were found to exhibit good antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer activities. The biological activity of the synthesized compounds was further supplemented by molecular docking studies against the target receptors caspase-3 and 17-beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase type 1, revealing that the reported structures best fit into the active site pocket of the target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongamanti Ashok
- Green and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania UniversityHyderabad-500007TelanganaIndia
| | - Gugulothu Thara
- Department of Pharmacy, University College of Technology, Osmania UniversityHyderabad-500007TelanganaIndia
| | - Bhukya Kiran Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania UniversityHyderabad-500007TelanganaIndia
| | - Gundu Srinivas
- Green and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania UniversityHyderabad-500007TelanganaIndia
| | - Dharavath Ravinder
- Green and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania UniversityHyderabad-500007TelanganaIndia
| | - Thumma Vishnu
- Deparment of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering CollegeHyderabad-500059TelanganaIndia
| | - Madderla Sarasija
- Department of Chemistry, Satavahana UniversityKarimnagar-505001TelanganaIndia
| | - Bujji Sushmitha
- Department of Pharmacy, University College of Technology, Osmania UniversityHyderabad-500007TelanganaIndia
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Drug-Dosing Adjustment in Dogs and Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030262. [PMID: 35158584 PMCID: PMC8833495 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a common kidney disorder in adult and aged dogs and cats; the management of associated complications and comorbidities generally requires a life-long medical treatment to ensure a good quality of life of affected patients. However, indications and the literature on drug dosing in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease are often lacking. The aim of this review is to revise the current literature on drug dosing in canine and feline patients with renal impairment, with a special focus on the most commonly used medications to manage chronic kidney disease and possible comorbidities.
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Baek IH. Pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of etodolac following single oral administration in dogs. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:981-986. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1524185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In-Hwan Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
The quality of life for dogs with osteoarthritis can often be improved with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); however, the number of adverse drug events associated with NSAID use reported to the Federal Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine is higher than that for any other companion animal drug. Of those events, adverse renal reactions are the second most reported. NSAIDs produce pharmacologic effects via inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), which decreases production of prostanoids. Prostaglandins are synthesized by both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes in the healthy kidney and influence renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, renin release, and Na excretion. There are important species differences in the renal expression of COX-1 and COX-2. For example, dogs have higher basal levels of COX-2 expression in the kidney compared with humans. In addition, in dogs with chronic kidney disease, an increase in COX-2 expression occurs and synthesis of prostaglandins shifts to the COX-2 pathway. For those reasons, NSAIDs that target COX-2 may be expected to adversely affect renal function in dogs, especially dogs with chronic kidney disease. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the literature to report the renal effects of NSAIDs in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Lomas
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
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Lees P, Pelligand L, Elliott J, Toutain PL, Michels G, Stegemann M. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicology and therapeutics of mavacoxib in the dog: a review. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2014; 38:1-14. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Lees
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts UK
| | - L. Pelligand
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts UK
| | - J. Elliott
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts UK
| | - P.-L. Toutain
- École National Vétérinaire de Toulouse; INRA; UMR 1331 Toxalim 23 Chemin des Capelles-BP 87614; Toulouse Cedex France
| | - G. Michels
- Zoetis; Global Development & Operations; Veterinary Medicine Research & Development; Kalamazoo MI USA
| | - M. Stegemann
- Zoetis; Global Development & Operations; Veterinary Medicine Research & Development; Zaventem Belgium
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Falkenö U, Tvedten HW, Spångberg C. What is your diagnosis? Urine sediment changes in a dog with hemorrhagic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation after pyometra surgery. Vet Clin Pathol 2014; 43:463-4. [PMID: 24931400 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Falkenö
- University Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of the Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Surdyk KK, Brown CA, Brown SA. Evaluation of glomerular filtration rate in cats with reduced renal mass and administered meloxicam and acetylsalicylic acid. Am J Vet Res 2013; 74:648-51. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.74.4.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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